DOCSLIB.ORG

The Drawbacks of Paternal Obesity on Sperm Biology, Preimplantation Embryo Morphokinetics, and Its Transgenerational Impacts Georges Raad

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Drawbacks of Paternal Obesity on Sperm Biology, Preimplantation Embryo Morphokinetics, and Its Transgenerational Impacts Georges Raad The drawbacks of paternal obesity on sperm biology, preimplantation embryo morphokinetics, and its transgenerational impacts Georges Raad To cite this version: Georges Raad. The drawbacks of paternal obesity on sperm biology, preimplantation embryo mor- phokinetics, and its transgenerational impacts. Agricultural sciences. Université Côte d’Azur, 2016. English. NNT : 2016AZUR4143. tel-01492786 HAL Id: tel-01492786 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01492786 Submitted on 20 Mar 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis Ecole doctorale SVS ED85 Sciences-Vie-Santé THESE DE DOCTORAT Pour obtenir le grade de Docteur en biologie de l‘université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis Spécialité: Recherche clinique et thérapeutique Soutenue par: Georges RAAD The drawbacks of paternal obesity on the sperm biology, the preimplantation embryo morphokinetics, and its transgenerational impacts Directrice de thèse : Valérie GRANDJEAN Co-directrice de thèse : Mira HAZZOURI Soutenue le 14 Décembre 2016 Jury : Rapporteurs : Sophie ROUSSEAUX Roger MIEUSSET 1 Table of Contents THESIS ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................6 RESUME ...................................................................................................................................8 LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................ 10 LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................. 13 CHAPTER1 THE DRAWBACKS OF OBESITY ON THE GLOMERULOPATHY, TESTICULAR HOMEOSTASIS AND SPERM EPIGENOME .......................................... 14 I- THE BODY WEIGHT HOMEOSTASIS .................................................................................... 14 A- The human body homeostasis...................................................................................... 14 B- The body weight management ..................................................................................... 18 B. 1 The metabolic energy network ............................................................................. 18 B.1.1 The digestive system: intake, processing and distribution of foodstuffs ............. 18 B.1.2 Cells and molecules implicated in glucose homeostasis and energy management 19 a) Energy storing cells ...................................................................................... 20 a. 1 The white adipose tissue ........................................................................... 20 a. 2 The liver ................................................................................................... 22 b) Energy consuming cells ................................................................................ 23 B. 2 The control of food intake .................................................................................... 24 II- WEIGHT IMBALANCE: OBESITY COMPLICATIONS ............................................................... 25 A- The drawbacks of obesity on kidney homeostasis ........................................................ 28 A. 1 Kidney physiology .................................................................................................. 28 A. 1.1 Obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) ................................................................ 31 A. 1.1.a The effect of obesity on the glomerular histology .......................................... 31 A. 1.1.b Decline in renal function and obesity ............................................................ 31 a) Renal hemodynamics........................................................................................ 31 b) Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia: ................................................................. 33 B- The drawbacks of obesity on testicular homeostasis .................................................... 34 B. 1 Male reproductive system anatomy .......................................................................... 34 B.1.1 The effects of obesity on testicular anatomy, sexual function and seminal plasma biochemistry ................................................................................................................... 36 B. 2 Testicular histology and physiology ......................................................................... 37 B.2.1 The interstitial compartment................................................................................. 38 a) Blood vessels ....................................................................................................... 38 b) Leydig cells ......................................................................................................... 38 b.1 Overview ...................................................................................................... 38 b.2 Steroidogenesis ............................................................................................. 39 b.3 The effect of obesity on Leydig cell physiology and androgen homeostasis... 40 2 c) Immune cells ....................................................................................................... 41 c.1 Phagocytosis, proliferation and physiology of Leydig cells ............................... 41 c.2 Immunoregulation and inflammation ................................................................ 42 c.3 The effect of obesity on testicular immune cells ............................................... 42 B.2.2 Tubular compartment ........................................................................................... 43 a) Peritubular cells ................................................................................................... 44 b) Sertoli cells .......................................................................................................... 45 b. 1 Overview ...................................................................................................... 45 b. 2 Cytological features ...................................................................................... 45 b. 3 Sertoli cell functions ..................................................................................... 45 b. 4 The effects of obesity on Sertoli cell functions .............................................. 49 c) Germ cells............................................................................................................ 52 c. 1 Spermatogonia .............................................................................................. 52 c. 2 The meiotic cells ........................................................................................... 54 c. 3 The spermiogenesis ....................................................................................... 55 c. 4 The impact of male obesity on sperm parameters and embryo development .. 58 III- EPIGENETIC INHERITANCE OF PATERNAL ACQUIRED OBESITY ............................................ 60 A- Epigenetic control of gene expression during spermatogenesis and early embryogenesis 60 A. 1 DNA methylation ................................................................................................. 60 A. 1.1 DNA methylation reprogramming in mouse germ cells and pre-implantation embryos 62 A. 1.2 The drawbacks of abnormal DNA methylation profile in gametes ................. 63 A. 2 DNA hydroxymethylation and DNA demethylation ............................................. 65 A. 2.1 5-hmC dynamics during mouse spermatogenesis and embryo development .. 67 A. 3 Chromatin modifications ...................................................................................... 69 A. 3.1 Chromatin structure in somatic cells ............................................................. 69 A. 3.2 Chromatin remodelling during spermatogenesis ............................................ 72 a) Spermatogonia ................................................................................................. 72 b) Meiotic cells ..................................................................................................... 73 c) Spermatids and spermiogenesis ........................................................................ 74 c. 1 The incorporation of histones variants into the chromatin ............................. 74 c. 2 Histones hyperacetylation............................................................................. 74 c. 3 Replacement of histones by transition proteins ............................................. 75 c. 4 Replacement of TP by protamine.................................................................. 75 d) Sperm chromatin .............................................................................................. 76 d.1 Nucleoprotamine-bound sperm chromatin ..................................................... 77 d.2 Nucleosome-bound sperm chromatin ............................................................ 77 d.3 Matrix attachment regions (MARs) ..............................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences
    Original Article Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences Article History Received: 4th March, 2020 Sahel J. Vet. Sci. Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 19-25 (2020) Revised: 3rd June, 2020 Copyright © 2020 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri Accepted: 7th June, 2020 All rights reserved Published: 30th June, 2020 Structure of the Leydig Cell in the African Sideneck Turtle (Pelusios castaneus) Olukole, S. G. and Oke, B. O. Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. * Author for Correspondence: [email protected]; +2348033574752 Abstract The African sideneck turtle (Pelusios castaneus) is a freshwater turtle of West African origin used in traditional medicine with little consumption as meat. There have been documentations on the reproductive biology of the turtle with no report on the structure of the Leydig cell of the animal. We described the structure of the Leydig cell of the adult African sideneck turtle using histology, microstereology and transmission electron microscopy. The Leydig cell of the African sideneck turtle were elliptical in shape when found proximal to blood vessels and elongated at other points within the testicular interstitium. Leydig cells occurred in cords or clusters of varying sizes and numbers (3-5 cells) that appear to be random in distribution possessing round to ovoid nuclei containing small amount of peripherally disposed heterochromatin with prominent nucleoli. The seminiferous tubules of the turtle occupied about 85% of the total testicular parenchyma while the interstitium occupied 15% of it. Of this 15%, the Leydig cell occupied about 10% while the stromal elements, inclusive of blood vessels occupied the remaining 5%.
    [Show full text]
  • The Physiology and Immunology of the Endocrine Testis
    tì/ jì;:llilul s\ t: 1.q_ 81 LI Àt{Y THE PHYSIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY OF THE ENDOCRINE TESTIS by Simon MADDOCKS, B.Ag.Scl. (Hons) A thesls submltted to the Unlversfty of Adelalde ln fulfl'lment of the requlrements for the degree of Doctor of PhllosoPhY Department of Anlmal Scfences Walte Agrlcultural Research Instltute The UnlversitY of Adelalde March 1987 lì,.,ì,r(,:,td r/ riÈ"1 Know'ledge and wlsdom far f rom belng oner. Have ofl tlmes no connexion. Knorledge dwells In heads replete with thoughts of other men; Wlsdom ln minds attentlve to thelr otvn' Know'ledger a rude unprof ltab'le massr The meré materials with whlch wlsdom bul'ldsr Tfl.|smoothldandsquarldandflttedtoftsplacer Does but encumber whom lt seems trenrlch' Knowledge ls proud that he has learnrd so much; Wisdom ls humb'le that he knows no more' I{il'l lam CowPer ( 1731-1800) '_ .å Cowper Poetical Works TABLE OF CONTENTS f CONTENTS vii ABSTRACT x DECLARATION xl ACKNOt{LEDGEMENTS PREFACE xlff PART I: T CTIAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 2 1. 1. INTRODUCTION 2 L.2, THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE ENDOCRINE TESTIS L.2,L. Introducti on 2 L.2.2. The Leydfg cells 7 r.2,2. I, Anatomy 7 L.2.2. 2. Relatiónship to blood vessels, lymph vessels and seminiferous tubul es L2 .2.2 3, Re]atfonshlp to other ce]ls in fnterstlt'lal tissue I5 I 18 ,212 4. Hormones produced by the Leydfg ce1ìs I 22 L .2.3 The Sertoll cells 24 T .2,3 I. AnatomY I .2.3 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Review Effects of Thyroid Hormones on Leydig Cells in the Postnatal Testis
    Histol Histopathol (2004) 19: 985-997 Histology and http://www.hh.um.es Histopathology Cellular and Molecular Biology Review Effects of thyroid hormones on Leydig cells in the postnatal testis S.M.L.C. Mendis-Handagama and H.B.S. Ariyaratne* Department of Comparative Medicine, The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA *Present address: Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka Summary. Thyroid hormones (TH) stimulate oxidative Key words: Thyroid hormone, Leydig cells, Stem cell metabolism in many tissues in the body, but testis is not differentiation, Leydig progenitor cells, Steroidogenesis, one of them. Therefore, in this sense, testis is not Aging considered as a target organ for TH. However, recent findings clearly show that TH have significant functions on the testis in general, and Leydig cells in particular; Introduction this begins from the onset of their differentiation through aging. Some of these functions include triggering the Leydig cells are the main source of androgens in the Leydig stem cells to differentiate, producing increased mammalian male. In this paper, efforts have been made numbers of Leydig cells during differentiation by to review the available literature on TH on Leydig cells causing proliferation of Leydig stem cells and in the postnatal testis. progenitors, stimulation of the Leydig cell steroidogenic function and cellular maintenance. The mechanism of Leydig Cells action of TH on Leydig cell differentiation is still not clear and needs to be determined in future studies. Franz Leydig, a scientist from Germany, first However, some information on the mechanisms of TH described the Leydig cells in the testis interstitium in action on Leydig cell steroidogenesis is available.
    [Show full text]
  • Anatomy and Physiology of Male Gametogenesis
    1 Anatomy and Physiology of Male Gametogenesis Alex Varghese, Fnu Deepinder, Angali Chandra, Ang Wen Jeat, Furquan Pathan, Ashok Agarwal ABSTRACT Basic understanding of the male reproductive system is fundamental in effective evaluation and treatment of male infertility. This chapter is a concise introduction to the male reproductive anatomy and the intricately designed process of spermatogenesis along with its hormonal control. INTRODUCTION Understanding the fundamentals of anatomy and physiology of male reproductive system is a key to effective evaluation and treatment of male infertility. It comprises of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and urethra. ANATOMY OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Development The male urinary and reproductive systems share a common developmental origin. The testes and extra-testicular ducts arise from three different tissues: intermediate mesoderm, mesodermal epithelium and primordial germ cells. • The intermediate mesoderm forms a urogenital ridge that gives rise to testicular stroma and the mesonephric (Wolffian) duct. • The mesodermal (coelomic) epithelium gives rise to Sertoli cells and the paramesonephric duct. • The primordial germ cells migrate from yolk sac and give rise to the spermatagonia. Sexual differentiation occurs in the seventh week of gestation in embryos carrying the Y-chromosome. 4 ANDROLOGY LABORATORY MANUAL Transcription of the SRY gene present on the Y-chromosome leads to synthesis of testis-determining factor (TDF) protein. Secretion of TDF protein stimulates the nascent Leydig cells to produce testosterone, causing development of the mesonephric duct. It also stimulates Sertoli cells to secrete Mullerian-inhibiting factor (MIF), which leads to the regression of the paramesonephric duct. This cascade of events leads to the formation of male internal genital organs.
    [Show full text]
  • Ernst Haeckel's Embryological Illustrations
    Pictures of Evolution and Charges of Fraud Ernst Haeckel’s Embryological Illustrations By Nick Hopwood* ABSTRACT Comparative illustrations of vertebrate embryos by the leading nineteenth-century Dar- winist Ernst Haeckel have been both highly contested and canonical. Though the target of repeated fraud charges since 1868, the pictures were widely reproduced in textbooks through the twentieth century. Concentrating on their first ten years, this essay uses the accusations to shed light on the novelty of Haeckel’s visual argumentation and to explore how images come to count as proper representations or illegitimate schematics as they cross between the esoteric and exoteric circles of science. It exploits previously unused manuscripts to reconstruct the drawing, printing, and publishing of the illustrations that attracted the first and most influential attack, compares these procedures to standard prac- tice, and highlights their originality. It then explains why, though Haeckel was soon ac- cused, controversy ignited only seven years later, after he aligned a disciplinary struggle over embryology with a major confrontation between liberal nationalism and Catholicism—and why the contested pictures nevertheless survived. INETEENTH-CENTURY IMAGES OF EVOLUTION powerfully and controversially N shape our view of the world. In 1997 a British developmental biologist accused the * Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Free School Lane, Cambridge CB2 3RH, United Kingdom. Research for this essay was supported by the Wellcome Trust and partly carried out in the departments of Lorraine Daston and Hans-Jo¨rg Rheinberger at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science. My greatest debt is to the archivists of the Ernst-Haeckel-Haus, Jena: the late Erika Krauße gave generous help and invaluable advice over many years, and Thomas Bach, her successor as Kustos, provided much assistance with this project.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mystery of the Vanishing Reinke Crystals☆,☆☆ Hector Mesa MD A,⁎, Scott Gilles MD B, Sophia Smith MD B, Susan Dachel HT A, Wendy Larson HT A, J
    Human Pathology (2015) 46, 600–606 www.elsevier.com/locate/humpath Original contribution The mystery of the vanishing Reinke crystals☆,☆☆ Hector Mesa MD a,⁎, Scott Gilles MD b, Sophia Smith MD b, Susan Dachel HT a, Wendy Larson HT a, J. Carlos Manivel MD a,b aDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Veterans Administration Health Care Service, Minneapolis, MN 55417 bDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455 Received 18 November 2014; revised 19 December 2014; accepted 2 January 2015 Keywords: Summary Reinke crystals (RC) are pathognomonic of Leydig cells (LCs); they are thought to be rare in Human; normal testes and to occur only in approximately one third of LC tumors. We noticed that crystals present in Reinke crystal; touch imprint and frozen sections of an LC tumor disappeared after tissue fixation. This phenomenon led us Leydig cell; to hypothesize that their reported low frequency in normal and neoplastic LCs may be secondary to Histology; degradation/dissolution of the crystals after formalin fixation. Our review of the literature also led us to Special stain; hypothesize that RC are better preserved after air-drying and alcohol fixation. We collected testicular Immunohistochemistry samples from 21 autopsies including air-dried cytologic preparations and tissue samples that were fixed in alcohol or formalin. We found that RC are common in normal LC but dissolve rapidly in formalin and slowly and only partially in alcohol. The composition of RC is unknown; however, they have been reported to stain specifically for nestin, an intermediate filament expressed mainly in neural and muscle tissue.
    [Show full text]
  • Eduard Uhlenhuth/Anatomy Department Library
    Dr. Eduard Uhlenhuth Papers Item Type Other Authors Wink, Tara Publication Date 2020-12-11 Abstract Dr. Eduard Uhlenhuth was a professor of Anatomy at the University of Maryland School of Medicine from 1925 until his retirement in 1955. In 1957 he was named professor emeritus. He was an avid book collector amassing an extensive collection of Anatom... Keywords Uhlenhuth, Eduard; Department of Anatomy; Anatomical Book Collection; Anatomy; Anatomy--education; Anatomists; University of Maryland, Baltimore; University of Maryland, Baltimore. School of Medicine; Medical education Rights Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Download date 28/09/2021 04:39:25 Item License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10713/14245 Eduard Uhlenhuth/Anatomy Department Library Title Author Date Found in Cat Notes De Medicina Aulus Cornelius Celsus 1497 Cordell Coll "On Medicine" Matthaei Curtii…In Mundini Anatomen Commentarius Elegans & Docties Mondino dei Luzzi 1551 Cordell Coll De conceptu et generatione hominis : et iis quae circa hȩc potissimum consyderantur, libri sex Jakob Rueff 1554 Cordell Coll "On Conception and Generation in Man" Gabrielis Falloppii medici Mutinensis Obseruationes anatomicae Gabriel Fallopius/Falloppio 1562 Cordell Coll Theatrum anatomicum Caspar Bauhin 1605 Cordell Coll 1st ed. De lactibus sive lacteis venis Gaspare Aselli 1627 Cordell Coll Syntagma anatomicum Johann Vesling 1647 Cordel Coll Corporis hvmani disqvisitio anatomica Nathaniel Highmore 1651 Cordell Coll
    [Show full text]
  • Pictures of Evolution and Charges of Fraud: Ernst Haeckel's Embryological Illustrations
    Pictures of Evolution and Charges of Fraud: Ernst Haeckel’s Embryological Illustrations Author(s): Nick Hopwood Source: Isis, Vol. 97, No. 2 (June 2006), pp. 260-301 Published by: The University of Chicago Press on behalf of The History of Science Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/504734 . Accessed: 18/06/2014 22:26 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The University of Chicago Press and The History of Science Society are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Isis. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 195.34.79.49 on Wed, 18 Jun 2014 22:26:41 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Pictures of Evolution and Charges of Fraud Ernst Haeckel’s Embryological Illustrations By Nick Hopwood* ABSTRACT Comparative illustrations of vertebrate embryos by the leading nineteenth-century Dar- winist Ernst Haeckel have been both highly contested and canonical. Though the target of repeated fraud charges since 1868, the pictures were widely reproduced in textbooks through the twentieth century. Concentrating on their first ten years, this essay uses the accusations to shed light on the novelty of Haeckel’s visual argumentation and to explore how images come to count as proper representations or illegitimate schematics as they cross between the esoteric and exoteric circles of science.
    [Show full text]
  • Tissue Interrelations and Reciprocal Inductions During the Genesis of The
    PARENCHIMA TESTIS IN ONTOGENESIS BY RADU LIVIU INTRODUCTION The formation of the contort seminiferous tubules (tubulus seminifer contortus) is multi factorial dependent: first of all it is dependent on the tissue interrelations that determine the phonotype transformations of the primordial structures and second, by the genetic induction factors. The existence of a time and space interval between the genesis of the testis structures and its functional debut imposes the knowledge of the proliferation, migration and assembly processes undergone by the primordial cell populations while changing into structural precursors. Although there have been 159 years since the discovery of the “interstitial endocrine cell” (Endocrinocytus interstitialis) by Franz Leydig (1850) and 144 years since the description of the “support cells” for the spermatogenetic cells (Epitheliocytes sustenans) by Enrico Sertoli (1865), there still are many questions about the genesis of the contort seminiferous tubules precursors: 1. What are the consequences of the germinal cell primordial migration inside the gonad crest? 2. What are the determinants factors of the phenotype transformation undergone by the celomic epithelium from the anterior an internal margin of the mesonephros body? 3. Why are the “primordial germinal cells” visible inside the lecitocel wall only at the three weeks embryo, at quite a distance from the definitive locations – gonad crest? 4. Why the sexual anatomic characteristics appear only after the seventh week of the embryo ante partum life, although the genetic sex is determined during fecundation? 5. What are and how do the “primitive sexual cords” form? 6. When and how do the Leydig interstitial cells form? Are they perennial structures or they have a biphasic evolution? 7.
    [Show full text]
  • Leydig Cells in the Testis of the Rat
    LEYDIG CELLS IN THE TESTIS OF THE RAT Heterogeneity, development and similarities with macrophages Oms lag De foto aan de voorzijde toont een gedeelte van de testis van een volwassen rat, ca. 200x vergroot. In dit stukje testisweefsel is het volgende te onderscheiden. Een deel van een zaadvorroend buisje, lopend van linksonder naar rechtsboven, met daarin, vaag zichtbaar, de zaadcellen. Aan de rechterzijde erlangs loopt, als een donkere streep, een bloedvat. Het weefsel eromheen, het interstitium, bevat voornamelijk Leydig cellen (grijze massa) en macrofagen (zichtbaar als donkere vlekken door opname van de kleurstof trypaan blauw). De compositie aan de achterzijde toont een varieteit aan testispreparaten en histochemische kleuringen. LEYDIG CELLS IN THE TESTIS OF THE RAT Heterogeneity, development and similarities with macrophages LEYDIG CELLEN IN DE TESTIS VAN DE RAT Heterogeniteit, ontwikkeling en overeenkomsten met macrofagen PROEFSCHRIFT 1ER VERKRUGING VAN DE GRAAD VAN DOCTOR IN DE GENEESKUNDE AAN DE ERASMUS UNIVERSITEIT ROTIERDAM OP GEZAG VAN DE RECTOR MAGNIFICUS PROF.DR. M.W. VAN HOF EN VOLGENS BESLUIT VAN HET COLLEGE VAN DEKANEN. DE OPENBARE VERDEDIGING ZAL PLAATSVINDEN OP WOENSDAG 14 MEI1986 OM 15.45 UUR DOOR RINKJE MOLENAAR GEBOREN TE ROTTERDAM 1986 Offsetdiukkerij Kanters B.V., Alb Iasser dam PROMOTIECOMMISSIE Promotor: Prof.Dr. H.J. van der Molen Promotor: Prof.Dr. J.F. Jongkind Overige !eden: Prof.Dr. J.J. van der Werff ten Bosch Prof.Dr. C.J.G. Wensing Dit proefschrift werd bewerkt in het instituut Biochemie II (Chemische Endocrinologie) van de Faculteit der Geneeskunde, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam. Het onderzoek werd mede mogelijk gemaakt door steun van de Stichting voor Medisch Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek FUNGO.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of Leydig Cell Development in Thera T Testis
    CHARACTERIZATION OF LEYDIG CELL DEVELOPMENT IN THERAT TESTIS by Juan Zhai Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Graduate Studies of the Medical College of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy MAY, 1996 CHARACTERIZATION OF LEYDIG CELL DEVELOPMENT IN THERAT TESTIS This dissertation is submitted by Juan Zhai and has been examined and approved by an appointed committee of the faculty of the School of Graduate Studies of the Medical College of Georgia. The signatures which appear below verify the fact that all required changes have been incorporated and that the dissertation has received final approval with reference to content, fonn and accuracy of presentation. This dissertation is therefore accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree ofDoctor ofPhilosophy. Date ' ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge and express my appreciation to my major advisor Dr. Tom Abney and my advisory committee, Drs. Virendra Mahesh, Tom Mills, William Hill and Ken Lanclos, for their support and advice. The author is appreciative of the advice and help from Drs. Darrell Brann, Roni Bollag and Lawrence Hendry. A special thanks is extended to my frie~ds Chris Reilly and Edward Pan for their support and being there to listen to all my complaints. Thanks are extended to Angela Foreman and Gene Canady for their friendship and help. lll DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my father, Shouyi Zhai, whose love and wisdom had made a great contribution to my life and career. IV TABLE
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Nephropathology
    www.nephropathol.com DOI: 10.15171/jnp.2018.44 J Nephropathol. 2018;7(3):213-216 Journal of Nephropathology A rare testicular tumor with elevated alkaline phosphatase Mohammadreza Khosravifarsani1, Mohammad Bahadoram2, Seyed Mohamad Kazem Nourbakhsh3, Roham Nikkhah4, Mohammad Davoodi5* 1Cancer Prevention Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 2Medical Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 3Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran 4School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran 5Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article type: Background: The majority of Leydig cell tumors (LCTs) are found in males, usually when Case Report they have 5–10 years of age. Children typically present with precocious puberty due to excessive testosterone secreted by the tumor, one-third of female patients present a recent Article history: history of progressive masculinization. Alkaline phosphatase is normally at low levels. Received: 18 December 2017 Accepted: 19 February 2018 Case Presentation: A 30-year-old male referred to the hospital with a complaint of fever, chills, Published online: 10 March 2018 nausea and weight loss, and history of diabetes mellitus type 1. In the physical examination of testis, no abnormal findings were revealed. Scrotal ultrasonography demonstrated a small (7.5 ×4.8 mm) mass which seemed to be very vascular and suggestive of neoplastic Keywords: Leydig cell tumor lesion. Echogenicity of the head of the right epididymis was heterogeneous and the Testicular neoplasms small cyst of about 4.5 mm was present on it.
    [Show full text]