DOCSLIB.ORG

Nematode Capilaridae in the Tongue of Cerdocyon Thous of Free Life in Brazil

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Nematode Capilaridae in the Tongue of Cerdocyon Thous of Free Life in Brazil Original Article ISSN 1984-2961 (Electronic) www.cbpv.org.br/rbpv Braz. J. Vet. Parasitol., Jaboticabal, v. 27, n. 4, p. 531-544, oct.-dec. 2018 Doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-296120180078 Nematode capilaridae in the tongue of Cerdocyon thous of free life in Brazil Nematoide capilaridae na língua de Cerdocyon thous de vida livre no Brasil Raul Henrique da Silva Pinheiro1; Isabella Bittencourt Pires Chaves2; Rogério Antonio Ribeiro Rodrigues1, Érika Branco2; Ana Rita de Lima2; Elane Guerreiro Giese1* 1 Laboratório de Histologia e Embriologia Animal, Instituto da Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia – UFRA, Belém, PA, Brasil 2 Laboratório de Pesquisa Morfológica Animal, Instituto da Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia – UFRA, Belém, PA, Brasil Received July 18, 2018 Accepted September 05, 2018 Abstract Studies of helminths in road-killed wild animals are still uncommon but may provide promising results since they can identify the parasites in juvenile and adult hosts and meet the recommendations of current discussions on bioethics that prioritize alternative methods for the use of animals. This study evaluated threeCerdocyon thous individuals that were donated after dying from being run over. Two of them had small nematode adults in the epithelial and connective tissues of the tongue. The diagnosis was based on the presence of eggs, observed in histological sections, and morphological characteristics of the nematodes in the tongue. Morphologically, this nematode has a body with transverse grooves, simple mouth opening and no lips, esophagus and stichosome with stichocytes and bacillary bands along the body, which is characteristic morphology of the family Capilariidae and genus Capillaria. The presence of this nematode in the tongue of C. thous is an extremely important fact that contributes to what is known about the biodiversity of zoonotic parasites in wild canid populations. However, an explanation for these findings remains unclear because, until now, this has not been observed in the biological cycle of the species. Keywords: Nematoda, Capillaria, mammal, Amazon. Resumo O estudo de helmintos de animais selvagens vitimados por atropelamento, ainda é uma prática pouco comum, porém pode ser promissor, uma vez que permite a identificação de helmintos a partir de hospedeiros juvenis e adultos, e atendem às atuais discussões em bioética, as quais priorizam métodos alternativos para o uso de animais. Foram avaliados 3 exemplares de Cerdocyon thous provenientes de doação pós-óbito por atropelamento. Dois deles apresentaram pequenos nematoides adultos inseridos nos tecidos epitelial e conjuntivo da língua. O diagnóstico foi baseado na análise de cortes histológicos que evidenciaram a presença de ovos no interior do nematoide e nas características morfológicas gerais do mesmo. Morfologicamente estes nematoides apresentavam corpo com estrias transversais, abertura bucal simples e lábios ausentes, esôfago trichuroiude com a presença de esticócitos e bandas bacilares ao longo do corpo, característica morfologicamente sugestiva da família Capillariidae e do gênero Capillaria. A presença de nematoides inseridos na língua de C. thous é um fato de extrema importância para o conhecimento da biodiversidade de parasitos zoonóticos circulantes presentes em populações selvagens de canídeos. Porém, permanece obscura a explicação para tais achados, uma vez que tal evento não foi observado no ciclo biológico das espécies até o momento. Palavras-chave: Nematoda, Capillaria, mamífero, Amazônia. *Corresponding author: Elane Guerreiro Giese. Laboratório de Histologia e Embriologia Animal, Instituto da Saúde e Produção Animal, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia – UFRA, Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves, 2501, Terra Firme, CEP 66077-830, Belém, PA, Brasil. e-mail: [email protected] This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 532 532/544 Pinheiro, R.H.S et al. Braz. J. Vet. Parasitol. Introduction To extract the tongues, used in morphological studies by LaPMA, an incision in the skin and muscles of the mentonian region was Studies involving the helminthofauna of wild animals are of made. The tongue was folded ventrally after cutting the lingual great importance for the conservation of species and for public frenulum and then cut caudally at the root to harvest the material. health, since some of these parasites can injure wild populations The material was fixed in a 10% formaldehyde solution for the and have zoonotic potential (LAFFERTY, 1997). histological analysis and in an AFA solution (93 parts 70% ethyl Some helminths that parasitize wild mammals belong to the alcohol, 5 parts formaldehyde, and 2 parts glacial acetic acid) for the family Capillaridae. The taxonomy of this family is still being morphological analysis. Samples of the nematodes were separated revised and the group contains many species in the genus Capillaria from the lingual tissue, dehydrated in an ethanol series, clarified (GUARDONE et al., 2013; FUEHRER, 2014), of which with lactophenol, placed on a microscope slide under a coverslip Capillaria hepatica Bancroft, 1893 is the most commonly cited as a temporary mount, observed using a light microscope, and in the literature as a parasite of various domestic and wild animals photographed with a LEICA DM2500 microscope with an image (FREITAS & LENT, 1936; ARAÚJO, 1967; SILVEIRA et al., capturing system. This work was conducted in the Laboratório de 1975; GALVÃO, 1981; CHIEFFI et al., 1981; MANDORINO Histologia e Embriologia Animal - Instituto da Saúde e Produção & REBOUÇAS, 1991; VICENTE et al., 1997; RUAS et al., Animal. For scanning electron microscopy, fragments of the tongue 2003). Capillaria comprises a complex group of parasites, which with nematodes were fixed in 10% formaldehyde, post-fixed in has resulted in the proposal of the genera Calodium, Eucoleus, 1% osmium tetroxide, critical point dried with CO2, coated with Paracapillaria, Pearsonema and Aonchotheca (GUARDONE et al., gold-palladium and analyzed with a VEGA 3 LMU/TESCAN 2013; FUEHRER, 2014). Within this complex, three species scanning electron microscope. This was done in the Laboratório are of zoonotic importance: Paracapillaria philippinensis de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura - Instituto da Saúde e (Syn. Capillaria philippinensis), Eucoleus aerophila (Syn. Capillaria Produção Animal at the Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia aerophila) and Calodium hepaticum (Syn. Capillaria hepatica, (UFRA), campus Belém. To avoid confusion, only names of genera Trichocephalus hepaticus Bancroft, 1893 and Hepaticola hepatica of helminths are abbreviated and not those of hosts. Hall 1916. Due to anthropic impacts, wild animals frequently come out Results of natural habitats in search of food and suffer injuries. Roads, starting at the construction phase, impact native fauna in several Of the three animals evaluated, two had six small adult ways, producing direct and indirect effects on populations, such as nematodes in the epithelial and conjunctive tissues of the tongue mortality from being run over, loss of habitat, dispersion of exotic (Figure 1A and 2A-C). The six nematodes formed galleries within species and intensification of the presence of humans (ASCENSÃO the epithelium (Figure 1D- E and 2B) and their dispersal had a & MIRA, 2006). The study of helminths in road-killed animals multifocal character. The diagnosis was based on the presence of is still uncommon; however, studies that use this methodology eggs (FERRER & CASTELLÀ, 1996), observed in histological are promising since they can identify these parasites in adults sections, and morphological characteristics of the nematodes in the and young individuals and meet the recommendations of current tongues, which were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy discussions on bioethics that prioritize alternative methods for (body surface) and light microscopy the use of animals (RICHINI-PEREIRA et al., 2006). In Brazil, During the histological analysis of the C. thous tongues, adult among the wild carnivores, Cerdocyon thous is one of the most female nematodes were observed in transverse sections. These were commonly road-killed species (MALHEIROS, 2004; PRADA, inserted in the basal layers of stratified epithelial tissue, with eggs 2004; PINOWSKI, 2005). both inside the parasite as well as egg isolates and clusters within Based on the few studies about the presence of capillariids in galleries developed by the nematodes (Figure 1D-E). The eggs wild animals, this study describes the first record in Brazil of a were barrel shaped with two polar opercula with plugs on the Capillariidae nematode parasitizing the tongue of C. thous, in the ends, which are diagnostic characteristics of the genus Capillaria municipality of Paragominas in Pará State, in addition to collecting (Figure 1B-C). The size and the number of nematodes inserted and analyzing retrospective data on the fauna of helminths of in the tegument of the coating of the tongue did not cause C. thous in Brazil. inflammatory reactions and did not affect the morphology of the lingual papillae (Figure 1D). Materials and Methods A light microscopy analysis of a fragment of a nematode, clarified with Amman’s lactophenol, was conducted on the anterior We evaluated the tongues of three animals (C. thous) that region
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Zoonotic Abbreviata Caucasica in Wild Chimpanzees (Pan Troglodytes Verus) from Senegal
    pathogens Article Zoonotic Abbreviata caucasica in Wild Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) from Senegal Younes Laidoudi 1,2 , Hacène Medkour 1,2 , Maria Stefania Latrofa 3, Bernard Davoust 1,2, Georges Diatta 2,4,5, Cheikh Sokhna 2,4,5, Amanda Barciela 6 , R. Adriana Hernandez-Aguilar 6,7 , Didier Raoult 1,2, Domenico Otranto 3 and Oleg Mediannikov 1,2,* 1 IRD, AP-HM, Microbes, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection (MEPHI), IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix Marseille Univ, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; [email protected] (Y.L.); [email protected] (H.M.); [email protected] (B.D.); [email protected] (D.R.) 2 IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France; [email protected] (G.D.); [email protected] (C.S.) 3 Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; [email protected] (M.S.L.); [email protected] (D.O.) 4 IRD, SSA, APHM, VITROME, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Aix-Marseille University, 19-21, Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France 5 VITROME, IRD 257, Campus International UCAD-IRD, Hann, Dakar, Senegal 6 Jane Goodall Institute Spain and Senegal, Dindefelo Biological Station, Dindefelo, Kedougou, Senegal; [email protected] (A.B.); [email protected] (R.A.H.-A.) 7 Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +33-041-373-2401 Received: 19 April 2020; Accepted: 23 June 2020; Published: 27 June 2020 Abstract: Abbreviata caucasica (syn.
    [Show full text]
  • Hlístice Vybraných Druhů Studenokrevných Obratlovců Západní Afriky Diplomová Práce
    MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA Přírodovědecká fakulta Ústav botaniky a zoologie Hlístice vybraných druhů studenokrevných obratlovců západní Afriky Diplomová práce Brno 2008 autor: Bc. Šárka Mašová Vedoucí DP: RNDr. Božena Koubková, Ph.D. PROHLÁŠENÍ Souhlasím s uložením této diplomové práce v knihovně Ústavu botaniky a zoologie PřF MU v Brně, případně v jiné knihovně MU, s jejím veřejným půjčováním a využitím pro vědecké, vzdělávací nebo jiné veřejně prospěšné účely, a to za předpokladu, že převzaté informace budou řádně citovány a nebudou využívány komerčně. Brno, 19. května 2008 …………………………….. PODĚKOVÁNÍ Ráda bych poděkovala vedoucí mé diplomové práce RNDr. Boženě Koubkové, Ph.D. za její odborné vedení a praktické rady. Velice děkuji svému konzultantovi prof. Ing. Vlastimilu Barušovi, DrSc. za cenné rady a pomoc při zpracování problematiky taxonomie nematod, prof. RNDr. Františkovi Tenorovi, DrSc. za pomoc s determinací tasemnic, dále Mgr. Ivetě Matějusové, Ph.D. za molekulární analýzy, Mgr. Ivetě Hodové za zasvěcení do SEM a Mgr. Radimovi Sonnekovi za zasvěcení do CLSM a v neposlední řadě Doc. RNDr. Petru Koubkovi, CSc. za poskytnutí studijního materiálu. Také děkuji všem, kteří mi jakýmkoliv způsobem pomohli při zpracování této diplomové práce a svým nejbližším za podporu. Práce byla finančně podporována Grantovou agenturou AV ČR, grant číslo IAA6093404 a výzkumným záměrem Masarykovy university v Brně číslo MSM 0021622416. ABSTRAKT Za účelem studia parazitických hlístic ryb Senegalu bylo v letech 2004 – 2006 vyšetřeno 330 jedinců náležejících ke 49 sladkovodním druhům ryb. Většina vyšetřených ryb pocházela z národního parku Nikolo Koba ve východním Senegalu. Celkem byly determinovány 3 rody parazitických hlístic ve 24 druzích ryb (prevalence 71%) z 9 čeledí. Nalezená fauna hlístic se skládala většinou ze zástupců čeledi Camallanidae.
    [Show full text]
  • Nematodes in Aquatic Environments Adaptations and Survival Strategies
    Biodiversity Journal , 2012, 3 (1): 13-40 Nematodes in aquatic environments: adaptations and survival strategies Qudsia Tahseen Nematode Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India; e-mail: [email protected]. ABSTRACT Nematodes are found in all substrata and sediment types with fairly large number of species that are of considerable ecological importance. Despite their simple body organization, they are the most complex forms with many metabolic and developmental processes comparable to higher taxa. Phylum Nematoda represents a diverse array of taxa present in subterranean environment. It is due to the formative constraints to which these individuals are exposed in the interstitial system of medium and coarse sediments that they show pertinent characteristic features to survive successfully in aquatic environments. They represent great degree of mor - phological adaptations including those associated with cuticle, sensilla, pseudocoelomic in - clusions, stoma, pharynx and tail. Their life cycles as well as development seem to be entrained to the environment type. Besides exhibiting feeding adaptations according to the substrata and sediment type and the kind of food available, the aquatic nematodes tend to wi - thstand various stresses by undergoing cryobiosis, osmobiosis, anoxybiosis as well as thio - biosis involving sulphide detoxification mechanism. KEY WORDS Adaptations; fresh water nematodes; marine nematodes; morphology; ecology; development. Received 24.01.2012; accepted 23.02.2012;
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Analysis of Spirocerca Lupi and Spirocerca Vulpis Reveal High Genetic Diversity and Intra-Individual Variation
    Rojas et al. Parasites & Vectors (2018) 11:639 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3202-0 RESEARCH Open Access Phylogenetic analysis of Spirocerca lupi and Spirocerca vulpis reveal high genetic diversity and intra-individual variation Alicia Rojas1, Eran Dvir2, Róbert Farkas3, Kalyan Sarma4, Sonjoy Borthakur5, Abdul Jabbar6, Alex Markovics7, Domenico Otranto8 and Gad Baneth1* Abstract Background: Spirocerca lupi is a parasitic nematode of canids that can lead to a severe and potentially fatal disease. Recently, a new species, Spirocerca vulpis, was described from red foxes in Europe, suggesting a high genetic diversity of the Spirocerca spp. infecting canids. The genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships of S. lupi collected from naturally-infected domestic dogs from Australia, Hungary, Israel, Italy, India and South Africa, and S. vulpis from red foxes from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Italy and Spain, was studied using mitochondrial and rDNA markers. Results: A high intra-individual variation was found in the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) locus in all Spirocerca spp., ranging between 0.37–2.84%, with up to six haplotypes per specimen. In addition, a combination of phylogenetic and haplotype analyses revealed a large variability between S. lupi specimens collected from different geographical locations using the ITS1 (0.37–9.33%) and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene (1.42–6. 74%). This genetic diversity led to the identification of two S. lupi genotypes circulating among dogs (PTP support > 0.829), including genotype 1 found in S. lupi from Australia, India, Israel and South Africa, and genotype 2 represented by specimens from Hungary and Italy.
    [Show full text]
  • Instituto De Biociências Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Biologia Animal Leonardo Tresoldi Gonçalves Dna Barcoding Em Nematoda
    INSTITUTO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIOLOGIA ANIMAL LEONARDO TRESOLDI GONÇALVES DNA BARCODING EM NEMATODA: UMA ANÁLISE EXPLORATÓRIA UTILIZANDO SEQUÊNCIAS DE cox1 DEPOSITADAS EM BANCOS DE DADOS PORTO ALEGRE 2019 LEONARDO TRESOLDI GONÇALVES DNA BARCODING EM NEMATODA: UMA ANÁLISE EXPLORATÓRIA UTILIZANDO SEQUÊNCIAS DE cox1 DEPOSITADAS EM BANCOS DE DADOS Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biociências da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Mestre em Biologia Animal. Área de concentração: Biologia Comparada Orientadora: Prof.ª Dr.ª Cláudia Calegaro-Marques Coorientadora: Prof.ª Dr.ª Maríndia Deprá PORTO ALEGRE 2019 LEONARDO TRESOLDI GONÇALVES DNA BARCODING EM NEMATODA: UMA ANÁLISE EXPLORATÓRIA UTILIZANDO SEQUÊNCIAS DE cox1 DEPOSITADAS EM BANCOS DE DADOS Aprovada em ____ de _________________ de 2019. BANCA EXAMINADORA ____________________________________________________ Dr.ª Eliane Fraga da Silveira (ULBRA) ____________________________________________________ Dr. Filipe Michels Bianchi (UFRGS) ____________________________________________________ Dr.ª Juliana Cordeiro (UFPel) i AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a todos que, de uma forma ou de outra, estiveram comigo durante a trajetória deste mestrado. Este trabalho também é de vocês. Às minhas orientadoras, Cláudia Calegaro-Marques e Maríndia Deprá, por confiarem no meu trabalho, por fortalecerem minha autonomia, pelos conselhos e por todo o incentivo. Obrigado por aceitarem fazer parte desta jornada. À professora Suzana Amato, que ainda na minha graduação abriu as portas de seu laboratório e fez com que eu me interessasse pelos nematoides (e outros helmintos). Agradeço também pelas sugestões enquanto banca de acompanhamento deste mestrado. Ao Filipe Bianchi, por todo auxílio (principalmente na parte de bancada), pelas trocas de ideias sempre frutíferas e por aceitar fazer parte das bancas de acompanhamento e examinadora.
    [Show full text]
  • Spirocerca Lupi Proteomics and Its Role in Cancer Development: an Overview of Spirocercosis-Induced Sarcomas and Revision of Helminth-Induced Carcinomas
    pathogens Review Spirocerca lupi Proteomics and Its Role in Cancer Development: An Overview of Spirocercosis-Induced Sarcomas and Revision of Helminth-Induced Carcinomas Catalina Porras-Silesky 1,†, María José Mejías-Alpízar 1,†, Javier Mora 1, Gad Baneth 2 and Alicia Rojas 1,* 1 Laboratory of Helminthology, Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, University of Costa Rica, 11501-2060 San José, Costa Rica; [email protected] (C.P.-S.); [email protected] (M.J.M.-A.); [email protected] (J.M.) 2 Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +506-2511-8644 † These authors contributed equally to this review. Abstract: Spirocerca lupi is a parasitic nematode of canids that induces a myriad of clinical manifesta- tions in its host and, in 25% of infections, leads to the formation of sarcomas. The description of the protein composition of the excretory and secretory products (Sl-ESP) of S. lupi has shed light on its possible interactions with the host environment, including migration within the host and mechanisms of immunomodulation. Despite this, the process by which S. lupi induces cancer in the dog remains poorly understood, and some hypotheses have arisen regarding these possible mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the role of specific ESP from the carcinogenic helminths Clonorchis sinensis, Citation: Porras-Silesky, C.; Opisthorchis viverrini and Schistosoma haematobium in inducing chronic inflammation and cancer in Mejías-Alpízar, M.J.; Mora, J.; Baneth, their host’s tissues. The parasitic worms Taenia solium, Echinococcus granulosus, Heterakis gallinarum, G.; Rojas, A.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article Spirocerca Lupi Esophageal Nodules. Case Report
    International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 8(2): 25-28, 2016 DOI:10.19026/ijava.8.2695 ISSN: 2041-2894; e-ISSN: 2041-2908 © 2016, Maxwell Scientific Publication Corp. Submitted: August 13, 2015 Accepted: December 5, 2015 Published: April 20, 2016 Research Article Spirocerca lupi Esophageal Nodules. Case Report Daniel A. Góngora, Eliut Santamaría Mayo, M. Bulnes, Guadalupe Arjona Jiménez, Maritza Zaragoza Vera, Claudia Virginia Zaragoza Vera and Ricardo Alfonso García Herrera División Académica de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México Abstract: Is Caused to parasitism by nematodes of the Spirocerca Sort, That Affect dog and other carnivores (wolf, fox, coyote, jaguar, lynx, leopard and only sporadically to the cat), Characterized by the presence of nodular injuries in the esophagus and aorta and, more rarely, in the stomach, digestive with respiratory and nervous manifestations. In the present work 10 canine were analyzed. I sacrifice them in humanitarian way to make the autopsy findings were the anathomophatologic: esophageal nodules of 3 and 5 cm of diameter, Which contained 3 and 15 S. lupi nodules whitin the respectively. Were Obtained weave samples, histopathology alters processing for STIs. Keywords: Nodule, Spirocerca lupi, spondylitis, osteosarcomas INTRODUCTION prepatent period of the infection lasts 5-approximately 6 months (Londoño et al., 2003) When infected larvae Spirocercosis is a disease occurring predominantly are ingested by a dog, they migrate through the in Canidae, caused by the nematodeSpirocerca lupi. adventitia of the visceral arteries and aorta up to the Typical clinical signs are regurgitation, vomiting and walls of the stomach and esophagus. Some larvae lose dyspnoea.
    [Show full text]
  • Classificação E Morfologia De Nematóides Em Medicina
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO INSTITUTO DE VETERINÁRIA CLASSIFICAÇÃO E MORFOLOGIA DE NEMATÓIDES EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA SEROPÉDICA 2016 PREFÁCIO Este material didático foi produzido como parte do projeto intitulado “Desenvolvimento e produção de material didático para o ensino de Parasitologia Animal na Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro: atualização e modernização”. Este projeto foi financiado pela Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) Processo 2010.6030/2014-28 e coordenado pela professora Maria de Lurdes Azevedo Rodrigues (IV/DPA). SUMÁRIO Caracterização morfológica de parasitos do filo Nemathelminthes 10 A.1. Classe: Nematoda 10 A.1.1. Subclasse: Secernentea 12 1. Ordem Ascaridida 12 1.1. Superfamília: Ascaridoidea 12 1.1.1. Família: Ascarididae 12 Subfamília: Ascaridinae 13 Gênero: Ascaris 13 Ascaris suum 13 Gênero: Parascaris 14 Parascaris equorum 14 Subfamília: Toxocarinae 14 Gênero: Toxocara 14 Toxocara canis 14 Toxocara cati 15 Toxocara vitulorum 15 1.2. Superfamília: Heterakoidea 16 1.2.1. Família: Ascaridiidae 16 Gênero: Ascaridia 16 Ascaridia galli 16 1.2.2. Família: Heterakidae 17 Gênero: Heterakis 17 Heterakis gallinarum 17 1.3. Superfamília: Subuluroidea 17 1.3.1. Família: Subuluridae 18 Subfamília: Subulurinae 18 Gênero: Subulura 18 Subulura differens 18 2. Ordem Strongylida 18 2.1. Superfamília: Strongyloidea 18 2.1.1. Família: Strongylidae 18 Subfamília: Strongylinae 19 Gênero: Strongylus 19 Strongylus equinus 19 Strongylus edentatus 19 Strongylus vulgaris 20 Gênero: Triodontophorus 20 Subfamília: Cyathostominae 21 2.1.2. Família: Chabertiidae 21 Subfamília: Oesophagostominae 21 Gênero: Oesophagostomum 21 Oesophagostomum columbianum 22 Oesophagostomum dentatum 22 Oesophagostomum radiatum 23 2.1.3.
    [Show full text]
  • Predicting Missing Links in Global Host-Parasite Networks
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.25.965046; this version posted May 18, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Predicting missing links in global host-parasite networks Maxwell J. Farrell1;2;3∗, Mohamad Elmasri4, David Stephens4 & T. Jonathan Davies5;6 1Department of Biology, McGill University 2Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Department, University of Toronto 3Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia 4Department of Mathematics & Statistics, McGill University 5Botany, Forest & Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia 6African Centre for DNA Barcoding, University of Johannesburg ∗To whom correspondence should be addressed: e-mail: [email protected] 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.25.965046; this version posted May 18, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Abstract 1 1. Parasites that infect multiple species cause major health burdens globally, but for many, 2 the full suite of susceptible hosts is unknown. Predicting undocumented host-parasite 3 associations will help expand knowledge of parasite host specificities, promote the devel- 4 opment of theory in disease ecology and evolution, and support surveillance of multi-host 5 infectious diseases. Analysis of global species interaction networks allows for leveraging 6 of information across taxa, but link prediction at this scale is often limited by extreme 7 network sparsity, and lack of comparable trait data across species.
    [Show full text]
  • Cambodian Journal of Natural History
    Cambodian Journal of Natural History An opportunity for Tonle Sap fi sh and fi shers Shorebirds on the Mekong River Local refl ections on sea turtles New dragonfl y and damselfl y records December 2012 Vol 2012 No. 2 Cambodian Journal of Natural History ISSN 2226–969X Editors Email: [email protected] • Dr Jenny C. Daltry, Senior Conservation Biologist, Fauna & Flora International. • Dr Neil M. Furey, Head of Academic Development, Fauna & Flora International: Cambodia Programme. • Hang Chanthon, Former Vice-Rector, Royal University of Phnom Penh. • Dr Carl Traeholt, Lecturer, Centre for Biodiversity Conservation, Royal University of Phnom Penh. International Editorial Board • Dr Stephen J. Browne, Fauna & Flora International, • Dr Sovanmoly Hul, Muséum National d’Histoire Singapore. Naturelle, Paris, France. • Dr Martin Fisher, Editor of Oryx – The International • Dr Andy L. Maxwell, World Wide Fund for Nature, Journal of Conservation, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Cambodia. • Dr L. Lee Grismer, La Sierra University, California, • Dr Jörg Menzel, University of Bonn, Germany. USA. • Dr Brad Pett itt , Murdoch University, Australia. • Dr Knud E. Heller, Nykøbing Falster Zoo, Denmark. • Dr Campbell O. Webb, Harvard University Herbaria, USA. Other peer reviewers for this volume • Dr Jackie Burns, Principia College, Elsah, USA. • James F. Maxwell, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. • Dr Judith Eger, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, • Berry Mulligan, Fauna & Flora International, Phnom Canada. Penh, Cambodia. • Frédéric Goes, Bastelicaccia, France. • Dr Mark Newman, Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh, • Ronald Jones, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. United Kingdom. • Jonathan Eames, BirdLife International, Hanoi, Vietnam. • Dr Albert Orr, Griffi th University, Nathan, Australia. • Dr Charles Francis, Canadian Wildlife Service, Ott awa, • Colin Poole, Wildlife Conservation Society, Singapore.
    [Show full text]
  • The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of the Gullet Worm
    Liu et al. Parasites & Vectors (2015) 8:100 DOI 10.1186/s13071-015-0697-5 RESEARCH Open Access The complete mitochondrial genome of the gullet worm Gongylonema pulchrum: gene content, arrangement, composition and phylogenetic implications Guo-Hua Liu1†, Yan-Qing Jia2†, Ya-Nan Wang2, Guang-Hui Zhao2* and Xing-Quan Zhu1* Abstract Background: Gongylonema pulchrum (Nematoda: Gongylonematidae), a thread-like spirurid gullet worm, infects a range of mammalian definitive hosts, including cattle, pigs, equines, goats, primates and humans, and can cause gongylonemiasis. Methods: In the present study, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of G. pulchrum was obtained using Long-range PCR and subsequent primer walking. The phylogenetic position of G. pulchrum within the Spiruromorpha was established using Bayesian analyses of the protein-coding genes at the amino acid level. Results: The length of this AT-rich (75.94%) mt genome is 13,798 bp. It contains 12 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes and one non-coding region. The gene arrangement is the same as those of Thelazia callipaeda (Thelaziidae) and Setaria digitata (Onchocercidae), but distinct from that of Heliconema longissimum (Physalopteridae). Phylogenetic analyses, based on the concatenated amino acid sequence data for all 12 protein-coding genes using Bayesian inference (BI) method, showed that G. pulchrum (Gongylonematidae) was more closely related to Spirocerca lupi (Spiruroidea) than other members of the infraorder Spiruromorpha. Conclusions: The present study represents the first mt genome sequence for the family Gongylonematidae, which provides the opportunity to develop novel genetic markers for studies of epidemiology, population genetics and systematics of this nematode of human and animal health significance.
    [Show full text]
  • Spirocercosis in Dogs in the Wider Area of Belgrade Pavlović I, Gavrilović P, Antić V, Nedeljkovic N,Jezdimirović N Scientific Veterinary Institute of Serbia, Serbia
    Journal of Animal Health and Behavioural Science Extended Abstract Open Access Spirocercosis in Dogs in the Wider Area of Belgrade Pavlović I, Gavrilović P, Antić V, Nedeljkovic N,Jezdimirović N Scientific Veterinary Institute of Serbia, Serbia Keywords Spirocerca lupi, dogs, Belgrade, Serbia Abstract were observed in one dog. Digestive disorders with nodules in the stomach (visualized by gastroscopy) and spondylosis were manifested Spirocerosis is a parasitic disease caused by the nematode in one dog. This syndrome, also known as “acute intervertebral disc”, Spirocerca lupi, which has often fatal outcome in dogs. The disease is typical during the migration of parasites from the aorta through the is rarely diagnosed due to nonspecific clinical signs and the lack of connective tissue into the thoracic part of the esophagus, the primary awareness of the presence of the agent among practitioners. The first site of parasitism. During the endoscopic examination of the esophagus, case of spirocercosis in dogs in Serbia was recorded in Belgrade in 2014 characteristic nodular formations with parasites in them were found in and in the later period until 2019, eighteen more cases in the wider area seven dogs. of Belgrade were discovered. The necropsy of one dog (the miniature schnauzer) found Introduction alterations in the thoracic and iliac arteries in a form of hemorrhagic Spirocercosis is a parasitic disease of canids caused by the nematode lesions and thickening at the site of the nodule left by the parasites. Spirocerca lupi. The disease is widespread worldwide but is most This was a consequence of the migratory phase of larvae, which after common in warm climates.
    [Show full text]