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MARCH 26/27TH, 2021 KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

WINTER SEASON BIG SKY MONTANA 2 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON HybridString Quartets 2021 WINTER SEASON

KRONOS QUARTET CASCADE QUARTET VIRTUAL LIVE will be participating Montana’s celebrated quartet plays virtually with high-quality films of live on stage at WMPAC. pieces from their repertory.

Megan Karls, David Harrington, violin Mary Papoulis, violin John Sherba, violin Alyssa Roggow, Hank Dutt, viola Thad Suits, Sunny Yang, cello 3 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON

KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM GENRE: Classical HYBRID STRING QUARTETS WMPAC RATING: Blue Square CONNECTIONS: Kronos Quartet, wild Up, Edgar Meyer, Ahn Trio TICKETS: $10/$25

Launched in the 2015/16 season, Kronos’ About Kronos’ Fifty for the Future is commissioning 50 new works—by 25 women and 25 men— Fifty for the devoted to contemporary approaches to the and designed expressly Future for the training of students and emerging professionals. Kronos will premiere each PROGRAM piece and create companion digital Aleksandra Vrebalov My Desert, My Rose * materials, including scores, recordings, Kala Ramnath (arr. Reena Esmail) and performance notes, which can be Amrit + accessed online for free. Hawa Kassé Mady Diabaté (arr. Jacob Garchik) Tegere Tulon: I. Funtukuru * All works on this program were Raven Chacon The Journey of the Horizontal People + commissioned as part of the Kronos Trey Spruance Performing Arts Association’s Fifty for the Séraphîta: II. Le Baphomet * featuring Alonzo King LINES Ballet Future: The Kronos Learning Repertoire, Tanya Tagaq (arr. Jacob Garchik) which is made possible by a group of Excerpt from Sivunittinni * adventurous partners, including Carnegie Quartet Satz + Hall and many others. Garth Knox Satellites: III. Dimensions + Aftab Darvishi Daughters of Sol * featuring 3000 Reefs, film by Julia Sumerling Charlton Singleton Testimony * All works on this program were written for Fifty for the Future: The Kronos Learning Repertoire * Kronos Quartet Digital Performance + Cascade Quartet Live Performance 4 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

My Desert, My Rose (2015) Aleksandra Vrebalov (b. 1970)

Aleksandra Vrebalov, Modern Masters, Meet the Vrebalov’s cross-disciplinary Composer, and Douglas Moore interests led to participation a native of the former Fellowship. Her works have at residencies and fellowships Yugoslavia, left Serbia been recorded for Nonesuch, that include the MacDowell in 1995 and now lives Cantaloupe, Innova, Centaur Colony, Djerassi, The Records, Vienna Modern Hermitage, New York’s New in New York City. She Masters and Ikarus Films. Dramatists, Rockefeller has written more than Vrebalov’s collaborative work Bellagio Center, American 80 works, ranging with director , Opera Projects, Other Minds from concert music, Beyond Zero (1914–1918), was Festival, and Tanglewood. Between 2007 and 2011, to opera and modern commissioned and premiered by Kronos at U.C. Berkeley’s Vrebalov created and led dance, to music for Cal Performances in April 2014 Summer in Sombor (Serbia), film. and had its European premiere a weeklong composition at the Edinburgh International workshop with the South Her works have been Oxford Six composers’ commissioned and/or Festival that summer. Her string quartet …hold me, collective that she co-founded performed by the Kronos in 2002 in NYC. The workshop Quartet, Serbian National neighbor, in this storm… was written for facilitated the Theater, , “My Desert, My Rose creation of Moravian Philharmonic, and recorded by Kronos for consists of a series of over fifty new Belgrade Philharmonic and works by young Providence Festival Ballet. the album patterns open in length, Floodplain. Her composers Vrebalov is a fellow of meter, tempo, and from Europe MacDowell Colony, Rockefeller string quartet Pannonia dynamics, different for and the USA. Bellagio Center, New York’s Most recently, New Dramatists, American Boundless, also each performer.” for Kronos, was Vrebalov joined Opera Projects, Other Minds Muzikhane Festival, and Tanglewood. published by Boosey & Hawkes as part of (House of Music) founded by Her awards include The composer in Harvard Fromm Commission, the Kronos Collection, and recorded for the album Kronos Mardin and Nusaybin, towns The American Academy of on Turkish/Syrian border, Arts and Letters Charles Ives Caravan. In 2018, Vrebalov wrote Missa Supratext for and made music with young Fellowship, Barlow Endowment refugees from Syria and Iraq. Commission, MAP Fund, Vienna Kronos and SF Girls Chorus. 5 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

cont’d: My Desert, My Rose (2015), Aleksandra Vrebalov (b. 1970)

As a Serbian expat Vrebalov “The writing of this Video Credits: is the recipient of the Golden Kronos Quartet’s live Emblem from the Serbian piece, in a form as performance of My Desert, My Ministry of Foreign Affairs open and as tightly Rose was filmed at Stora Salen, for lifelong dedication and Uppsala Konsert & Kongress contribution to her native coordinated at the on May 5, 2017. Produced for country’s culture. Sveriges Television by Anna & About My Desert, My Rose, same time, was Paul vanitas.se Vrebalov writes: possible thanks to “My Desert, My Rose consists of a series of patterns open 20 years of exposure in length, meter, tempo, and dynamics, different for each to rehearsal and performer. The unfolding of the piece is almost entirely left performance habits of to each performer’s sensibility the Kronos Quartet, a and responsiveness to the parts of other members of the group for which I have group. Instinct and precision are each equally important in written 13 out of 14 of the performance of the piece. The patterns are (notated as) my pieces involving suggested rather than fixed musical lines, so the flow and string quartet.” the length of the piece are unique to each performance. The lines merge and align to separate and then meet again, each time in a more concrete and tighter way. The piece ends in a metric unison, like a seemingly coincidental meeting of the lines predestined to reunite. It is like a journey of four characters that start in distinctly different places, who, after long searching and occasional, brief meeting points, end up in the same space, time, language.

6 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Amrit (2016) Kala Ramnath (b. 1970), Arranged by Reena Esmail (b. 1970)

Grammy-nominated violinist Kala Ramnath has been recognized as one of the 50 best instrumentalists in the world by Songlines Magazine, the same publication that selected her album Kala as one of the 50 best recordings in the world. The first Indian violinist to be featured in The Strad, Ramnath has also been featured in Hollywood soundtracks, including in the Oscar- nominated Blood Diamond.

Born into a family of prodigious Ramnath has performed at African music into her rich and musical talents, Ramnath began all the major music festivals varied repertoire. her violin studies with her in India, as well as at several grandfather, Vidwan A. Narayan As a performer, Ramnath has stages throughout the world, shared the stage with such Iyer, before going on to study including the Sydney Opera with legendary vocalist Pandit musicians as Ustad Zakir House, London’s Queen Hussain, Kai Eckhart, Edgar Jasraj. During this mentorship, Elizabeth Hall, and New York’s Ramnath revolutionized the Meyer, Béla Fleck, Abbos Carnegie Hall. She has also Kosimov, and rock legend Ray violin technique and produced been known to forge musical a sound so unique, evocative, Manzarek of The Doors. As a alliances with renowned artists teacher, she lectures regularly and akin to classical Indian from different genres around vocal music that today her and conducts workshops the globe, incorporating around the world, such as at violin is called “The Singing elements of Western Classical, Violin.” the Rotterdam Conservatory , Flamenco, and traditional of Music in the Netherlands, 7 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

cont’d: Amrit (2016), Kala Ramnath b. 1970), Arranged by Reena Esmail (b. 1970)

When this tune University of Giessen in “Its counterpart in Indian Germany, and the Weill Classical Music is Raga Shudh came to me, it Institute in association with Nat. Ragas literally mean, Carnegie Hall in New York. ‘that which colors the mind.’ took over my Out of her several recordings, Though there are many Indian Kala and Samvad were “Top ragas with the major scale, mind for days. I of the World” in the charts what distinguishes one from of 2004, Yashila in 2006, and the other is their ascending was humming Samaya in 2008. Most recently, and descending rule of note one of her compositions was patterns. I have incorporated it constantly. It featured in the Grammy- the ornamental Indian slides sounded like a winning album In 27 Pieces: and glides touching upon the the Hilary Hahn Encores. microtones and repetitive rhythmic non-linear patterns very joyful and An established name in the so special to Indian classical world music scene, Ramnath music, giving it a unique sound happy tune to is keen to enrich the lives and feel. of underprivileged and sick me.” children through music in “When this tune came to me, the form of her foundation, it took over my mind for days. “Kalashree.” I was humming it constantly. It sounded like a very joyful and About Amrit, Kala Ramnath happy tune to me. In Sanskrit, writes: ‘amrit’ means ‘nectar.’ I hope “This composition was this Amrit gives the same joy created keeping in mind that and happiness to everyone it should appeal to every type who listens to it.” of listener, giving joy and happiness to whoever listens to it. For this, the major scale in Western Classical music was chosen, which I felt would relate to both the Western and Indian Classical genres. 8 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Tegere Tulon: I. Funtukuru (2018) Hawa Kassé Mady Diabaté (b. 1974), Arranged by Jacob Garchik (b. 1976)

Hawa Kassé Mady Quartet. She has received celebrated griot family, the rapturous reviews for her work Diabatés of Kela, a village in Diabaté possesses on Kronos and Trio Da Kali’s southwest Mali famous for its one of the most collaborative award-winning music. The Kela Diabatés have beautiful, versatile, album Ladilikan and for her a formidable reputation as moving performances with singers, instrumentalists, and and expressive voices Trio Da Kali, who have toured reciters of oral epic histories, of West Africa. widely in Europe and the USA with many legendary names A jelimuso (female jeli or to critical acclaim. from the pre-colonial era to ‘griot’) from Mali, she has Hawa’s charismatic voice is the present, and today Hawa is acquired a cult following as emphatically 21st century, the torch bearer of that great the charismatic singer of Trio but it is also steeped in the tradition. Da Kali, an acoustic trio which rich heritage of Mali’s griots, Hawa’s father Kassé Mady was formed by Professor the hereditary musicians that Diabaté was known for his Lucy Durán and the Aga Khan date back to founding of entrancing singing, moving his Music Initiative specially to the Mali Empire in the 13th listeners to tears (from which collaborate with the Kronos century. She was born into a he gets his nickname, Kassé, ‘to weep’), a quality that Hawa has inherited, along with the nickname. Her great-aunt was Sira Mory Diabaté, considered the most important Malian female vocalist of the 20th century, a prolific composer whose songs, like “Kanimba” (on the album Ladilikan) have become griot classics. Hawa Kassé Mady was born in Kangaba, a small bustling town which was once the seat of power of the Mali Empire, only a few kilometers from Kela. Hawa’s mother Kani Sinayogo—of blacksmith, not griot heritage—was an accomplished and 9 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

cont’d: Tegere Tulon: I. Funtukuru (2018), Hawa Kassé Mady Diabaté (b. 1974), Arranged by Jacob Garchik (b. 1976)

knowledgeable midwife. She location in Kela. The power make them up spontaneously, was well-informed about and beauty of her voice shone using the rhythms of language organic remedies. “Kani made through the album, which won to generate musical rhythm, me drink lots of sheep milk a Grammy nomination. But with playful movements, some when I was growing up” says it was not until Trio Da Kali individual, some coordinated Hawa. “She told me that was formed, with the specific by the whole circle. Building sheep’s milk would give me a aim of collaborating with the on her own memories of the beautiful singing voice!” Kronos Quartet handclapping Moving back and forth and with the “Funtukuru,” the first songs she used support of to do as a young between town and village, of the four pieces, was Hawa had the benefit of the Aga Khan girl in Kela, Hawa both worlds. In Kela she Music Initiative, inspired by a trip to film has created four participated in the young girls’ that Hawa’s handclapping songs in new pieces in tradition of handclapping remarkable Funtukuru, a village handclapping songs and dances (tègèrè singing would style, which tulon) from which she learned find a platform located deep in the rolling she hopes will many performance skills. in its own right. savannah countryside of encourage Hawa credits the tègèrè Hawa’s latest western Mali...” Malians not to tulon as her true schooling, musical project, abandon this rich learning not just about music Tegere Tulon, cultural heritage. and coordination but also takes her back to her roots “Funtukuru,” the first of the about how to negotiate the and forwards into the realm four pieces, was inspired by a social norms of her culture, of composition. In 2018 she trip to film handclapping songs particularly as a woman. was commissioned by Kronos’ in Funtukuru, a village located Her talent as a singer was Fifty for the Future, which deep in the rolling savannah also nurtured by her father aims to expand the repertoire countryside of western Mali, and her great aunt, from for young string quartets. where Hawa’s husband, Demba whom she learned the art of Hawa decided to revisit the Kouyaté, is from. Funtukuru improvisation, and the vast handclapping songs of her is inhabited almost entirely and complex repertoire of the childhood, which were such by Mande jelis (griots, or griots. formative experiences for her, hereditary musicians), and Settling with her family in and which are gradually dying they carry on traditions that Bamako, the capital, in her out except in remote villages. are mostly lost in the bigger teens, Hawa began performing Performed exclusively by towns and cities of western on the wedding party circuit, girls outdoors in a circle, Mali, including tegere tulon. where she remains much in usually on moonlit nights, The song plays on the name of demand. Apart from one the handclapping songs are the village, which is made up cassette released on the normally very short, consisting of two words in Maninka (the local market, Hawa only ever of one or two phrases repeated main language of the region). recorded with her father, in in call and response, often “Funtu” means “to arrive” and the chorus of his album Kassi involving counting, each one “kuru” means “hill”. Funtukuru Kasse (2003), recorded on with its own dance. Children is indeed surrounded by hills 10 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

cont’d: Tegere Tulon: I. Funtukuru (2018), Hawa Kassé Mady Diabaté (b. 1974), Arranged by Jacob Garchik (b. 1976)

of big red boulders that rise The rest of the song is about Video Credits: sharply out of the earth. a tall girl called Marama Performed with Hawa Kassé Mady To get to Funtukuru, you drive who loves dancing so much Diabaté and Rokia Kouyaté, vocals northwest from Bamako, Mali’s that she falls into a well, but Directed by Lucy Durán and capital along a pot-holed road then somehow climbs out Moustapha Diallo (Macina Film) for 170 kms, passing through and carries on dancing; she is fearless, even in front of a Produced by Kronos Performing the historic town of Kita – a Arts Association place famous for its music- host of men. This is Hawa’s and then onwards down a dirt playful reflection on the joy of Footage from Funtukuru road for another 30 kms, past handclapping songs. It is her Filmed in 2018 by Moustapha cotton fields and many small way of encouraging girls – who Diallo for the film Tegere Tulon: villages. It’s a long and dusty are the ones that perform the Handclapping Songs from Mali journey, along which our car tegere tulon - not to be put (Directed by Lucy Durán and had several breakdowns. So off by the stern gaze of male Moustapha Diallo) the song celebrates our arrival elders. Assistant producers: Fodé Lassana there in the late afternoon, Program note by Professor Diabaté, Marian Ash, Malick where we were treated to Lucy Durán, Professor of Music, Konaté some truly wonderful and SOAS, University of London Thanks to: Demba Kouyaté, creative handclapping dance- his family, and the village of songs, which astonished even Funtukuru Hawa. Footage from Bamako Hawa Kassé Mady Diabaté and Rokia Kouyaté vocals recorded June 2020 at Paul Chandler’s i4africa studio, Bamako, Mali Filmed by Moustapha Diallo Production coordination by Violet Diallo and Hamidou Barry USA Production Kronos Quartet recorded August 2019 at 25th Street Recording, Oakland, CA Produced by Kronos Quartet and Reshena Liao Engineered by Zach Miley Final mix by Zach Miley and David Harrington Additional video editing by Nurie K. Mohamed 11 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

The Journey of the Horizontal People (2015) Raven Chacon, (1977)

Originally from the Navajo Nation, Raven Chacon is a composer of , a performer of experimental noise music, and an installation artist. He performs regularly as a solo artist as well as with numerous ensembles in the Southwest and beyond. He is also a member of the Indigenous art collective Postcommodity, with who he recently premiered the two-mile-long land art/border intervention, Repellent Fence. Chacon’s work explores sounds of acoustic handmade instruments overdriven through electric systems and As an educator, Chacon Committee on the Arts and the the direct and indirect audio has served as composer- Humanities in 2011. feedback responses from in-residence for the Native Chacon has an MFA from the their interactions. Current and American Composer Institute of the Arts recent collaborators include Apprentice Project (NACAP), where he was a student of Laura Ortman, , Bob teaching string quartet James Tenney, Michael Pisaro, Bellerue, John Dieterich, OVO, composition to hundreds of and Wadada Leo Smith. He William Fowler Collins, Ruby American Indian high-school has served on the Music and Kato Attwood, Jeremy Barnes, students living on reservations Native American Studies Chatter Ensemble, Robert in the Southwest U.S. Under faculties at the University of Henke, and The Living Earth his instruction, this project was New Mexico and as a visiting Show. awarded the National Arts and artist in the New Media Art Humanities Youth Program & Performance program Award from The President’s at Long Island University. 12 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

cont’d: Amrit (2016), Kala Ramnath b. 1970), Arranged by Reena Esmail (b. 1970)

It is told that Chacon has presented his the trappings of time. With work in different contexts at their bows, these wanderers throughout the Vancouver Art Gallery, the sought out others like them, Whitney Biennial, documenta knowing that they could journey, in their 14, REDCAT, Musée d’Art survive by finding these other Contemporain de Montréal, clans who resided in the east, own passage of Electronic others who shared their linear Music Festival, Chaco Canyon, cosmologies. It is told that time, this group Ende Tymes Festival, 18th throughout the journey, in Biennale of Sydney, and The their own passage of time, this became the Kennedy Center, among other group became the very people traditional and non-traditional they were seeking.” very people they venues. were seeking.” Chacon lives and works in Albuquerque, New Mexico. About The Journey of the Horizontal People, Chacon writes: “The Journey of the Horizontal People is a future creation story telling of a group of people traveling from west to east, across the written page, contrary to the movement of the sun, but involuntarily and unconsciously allegiant to 13 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Séraphîta: II. Le Baphomet (2016) Trey Spruance, (1969)

Trey Spruance is Theory, Black Metal, and the of Movements I and III. Also Bollywood sound. directly referenced is Pierre best known for his About Séraphîta, Spruance Klossowski’s Le Baphomet groundbreaking writes: (Movement II). As a binding composition and agent, mention must also “Séraphîta sets its roots in be made of “the Prologue production work in the work of three Eranos-era in Heaven” from Goethe’s his ensemble Secret colleagues: Henry Corbin, Faust. Eliade never finished his Chiefs 3 and the Mircea Eliade, and Gershom proposed book on Balzac and Scholem. The quartet is a Séraphîta, but did complete avant-rock band, Mr. meditation on a specific his study Méphistophélès et Bungle. complex of works bound l’Androgyne. Corbin, who Raised in Eureka, California, together by the common writes at length on Goethe, Spruance relocated to interest of these three and on Méphistophélès the Bay Area in 1990, and colleagues, and its raison in Ahrimanic terms in has toured extensively, d’être is in the overarching particular, referenced Balzac’s performing over 500 concerts theme common to all the Séraphîta often, and wrote of in over 50 countries in the works. Concrete historical Méphistophélès and Séraphîta past decade. In addition to links and associations exist together in his Configuration touring and recording ad between all of the elements of the Temple of the Ka’aba. infinitum, he also orchestrates drawn together by the piece, Corbin and Eliade were both his music for various hybrid and these give the impression personally acquainted with concert ensembles ranging of a very specific inter-textual Klossowski, who publicly in diversity from the New hermeneutic going on behind praised their works. Music Works to a 61-piece the scenes. Due to the broad aperture required, things “Movement I, ‘Séraphîta,’ is Russian Traditional Orchestra based on the apparition of an of Krasnoyarsk. Spruance’s of this nature resist quick unveiling in open and direct angel/androgyne in Balzac’s music weaves together a novel. The character Wilfred diverse and challenging array language, so perhaps the musical means of approaching perceives the semi-divine of pedagogically conflicting Swedenborgian entity as his disciplines: early 20th- the subject is all the more apropos. gendered female daēnā and century neoclassical music, falls into an agitated state of Iranian Dastgah, Pythagorean “The primary work in otherworldly yearning. In the mathematics, Italian horror film the canon is Honoré de quartet we hear Séraphîta’s music aesthetics (1970s), 19th- Balzac’s metaphysic prose answer to Wilfred’s tragically Century French Occult Musical Séraphîta (1834), namesake obsessive, misplaced, 14 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

cont’d: Séraphîta: II. Le Baphomet (2016), Trey Spruance, (1969)

Her solemn theme romantic, and ultimately as her gendered male daēnā. unconsummatable human Musically there’s an echo of travels downward love. Her solemn theme travels courtly medieval dance forms, through the downward through the angelic referring to none of them hierarchies, acquiring more specifically. It’s fitting to take angelic hierarchies, mass as it descends through a a cue from Lou Harrison’s series of conjunct and disjunct Estampie and use the cello as acquiring more tetrachords & time dilations. a drum. The two main motifs Her trajectory terminates in here play off each other in mass as it descends an earthy dirge, recapitulating a tension between the zest the by-now familiar theme in of the less formal aspect of through a series graven tones. dance, against the ‘over- of conjunct and “Movement II is an determination’ of dance in ‘Arabesque’ in the strict sense more formal courtly forms.” disjunct tetrachords of the word. The content is derived from a method I call Video Credits: & time dilations.” ‘Tessellation,’ a rhythmic/ Excerpt from Common Ground melodic pattern permuting in this case in quarter turns. Performed with Alonzo King As with tessellation tile work, LINES Ballet the ears might hear patterns Choreography by Alonzo King like the eyes register a tile Music: Séraphîta: II. Le Baphomet array. A listener studiously by Trey Spruance following one of many nodal © 2016 Kronos Arts Publishing paths in a larger network of superimposed rhythmic arrays will eventually find themselves Dancers: Robb Beresford, Adji hearing everything else Cissoko, Madeline DeVries, Shuaib ‘upside-down.’ The conjunct Elhassan, James Gowan, Ilaria and disjunct tetrachords from Guerra, Maya Harr, Babatunji Movement I are revisited, Johnson, Yujin Kim, Ashley Mayeux, Michael Montgomery, only now in a more ‘modal’ Jeffrey van Sciver form, with expansions and modifications of the original Lighting Design by Jim French theme. Costume Design by Robert “The piece finishes with a Rosenwasser mirroring of polarities in Video and Projection Design by Movement III. ‘Séraphîtüs’ Jamie Lyons appears to Balzac’s female Sound Designer, Scott Fraser character Minna, who Associate Sound Designer, Zach perceives the identical entity Miley 15 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Sivunittinni (2015) Tanya Tagaq (b. 1975), Arranged by Jacob Garchik (b. 1976)

Tanya Tagaq’s unique In addition to her “Working with the Kronos internationally renowned Quartet has been an honour. vocal expression is status as a performer and We have a symbiosis that rooted in Inuit throat recording artist, Tagaq allows a lot of growth singing, but her also does regular speaking musically. They teach me engagements at educational so much, I can only hope to music has as much to and cultural institutions, reciprocate. Kronos has gifted do with electronica, including delivering the Pecha me the opportunity to take industrial and metal Kucha at APAP in 2014. In the sounds that live in my these lectures, Tagaq discusses body and translate them into influences as it does her personal experience and the body of instruments. This with traditional creative process, and how her means so much because the culture. origin in Canada’s arctic shapes world changes very quickly, She is known for her artistic her art. Tagaq is the recipient and documenting allows future collaborations that defy genre of an honorary doctorate musicians to glean inspiration boundaries. Her contribution to degree from her alma mater, from our output.” Kronos Quartet’s Fifty for the Nova Scotia College of Art & Design in Halifax. Future project marks another Video Credits: chapter in a longstanding About Sivunittinni, Tagaq creative association with writes: Kronos Quartet’s live performance of Sivunittinni was filmed at the group. Appearances “Sivunittinni, or ‘the future with Kronos have included a Stora Salen, Uppsala Konsert ones,’ comes from a part of a & Kongress on May 5, 2017. performance at the Big Ears poem I wrote for my album, Festival (Knoxville, Tennessee) Produced for Sveriges Television and is the perfect title for this by Anna & Paul vanitas.se in 2015 and work on the album piece. My hope is to bring a Tundra Songs. little bit of the land to future Her albums make for complex musicians through this piece. listening, but a string of There’s a disconnect in the international awards and human condition, a disconnect accolades attest to her ability from nature, and it has caused to make music that speaks a a great deal of social anxiety universal tongue. Tagaq’s album and fear, as well as a lack of Animism won the Polaris Music true meaning of health, and a Prize in 2014 and a Juno Award lack of a relationship with what in 2015. life is, so maybe this piece can be a little bit of a wake-up. 16 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Quartet Satz (2017) Philip Glass (b. 1937)

Through his operas, and the , keyboards and a variety of may be the most radical and woodwinds, amplified and fed his symphonies, his influential mating of sound through a mixer. compositions for his and vision since “Fantasia.” The new musical style own ensemble, and His associations, personal and that Glass was evolving his wide-ranging professional, with leading was eventually dubbed rock, pop and world music “minimalism.” Glass himself collaborations with artists date back to the 1960s, never liked the term and artists ranging from including the beginning of his preferred to speak of himself Twyla Tharp to Allen collaborative relationship with as a composer of “music with artist Robert Wilson. Indeed, repetitive structures.” Much Ginsberg, Woody Glass is the first composer to of his early work was based Allen to , win a wide, multi-generational on the extended reiteration Philip Glass has had audience in the opera house, of brief, elegant melodic the concert hall, the dance an extraordinary fragments that wove in and world, in film and in popular out of an aural tapestry. Or, to and unprecedented music – simultaneously. put it another way, it immersed impact upon He was born in 1937 and grew a listener in a sort of sonic the musical and up in Baltimore. He studied weather that twists, turns, at the University of Chicago, surrounds, develops. intellectual life of his the and in There has been nothing times. Aspen with Darius Milhaud. “minimalist” about his output. The operas – “Einstein on Finding himself dissatisfied In the past 25 years, Glass the Beach,” “,” with much of what then passed has composed more than “,” and “The for modern music, he moved 25 operas, large and small; Voyage,” among many others to Europe, where he studied twelve symphonies; three – play throughout the world’s with the legendary pedagogue piano concertos and concertos leading houses, and rarely to an Nadia Boulanger (who also for violin, piano, timpani, empty seat. Glass has written taught Aaron Copland, Virgil and saxophone quartet and music for experimental theater Thomson and ) orchestra; soundtracks to films and for Academy Award- and worked closely with the ranging from new scores for winning motion pictures such sitar virtuoso and composer the stylized classics of Jean as “The Hours” and Martin . He returned to Cocteau to Errol Morris’s Scorsese’s “,” while New York in 1967 and formed documentary about former “,” his initial filmic the Philip Glass Ensemble defense secretary Robert landscape with Godfrey Reggio – seven musicians playing McNamara; string quartets; 17 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

cont’d: Quartet Satz (2017), Philip Glass (b. 1937)

a growing body of work for system of the string quartet, another quartet.” solo piano and organ. He has a connection you hear it in its Glass’ history with Kronos collaborated with , gorgeous sonorities.” isn’t the piece’s only subtext. Linda Ronstadt, Yo-Yo Ma, and At this point it’s impossible to Some of the ideas in “Satz Doris Lessing, among many know whether we experience Quartet” first appeared in others. He presents lectures, Glass’ work as cinematic a piece he wrote for Robert workshops, and solo keyboard because of the countless times Hurwitz marking the end of performances around the film scores have employed his spectacularly productive world, and continues to appear his music or whether there’s tenure running Nonesuch. But regularly with the Philip Glass something inherent in his the title also unambiguously Ensemble. palette of pulse and texture references Schubert’s famously About Quartet Satz, Andrew and melodic imagination that incomplete “Quartettsatz,” a Gilbert writes: evokes the moving image. move that Glass acknowledges Serving as both muse and No collaboration better with a chuckle as “a form of vehicle for Philip Glass’ music, embodies the depth of Glass’ self-aggrandizement. Schubert Kronos Quartet has played an relationship with Kronos than was my father’s favorite essential role in the composer’s the score for Todd Browning’s composer. I grew up with Dracula creative realm for decades. , which they performed him, and we actually share a But “Quartet Satz,” Glass’ together live numerous times birthday, January 31st. I know contribution to Kronos’ Fifty at screenings of the classic the Schubert landscape like the for the Future initiative, isn’t 1931 film and documented on back of my hand.” just a dazzling addition to a a 1999 Nonesuch album. Under the auspices of Kronos’ body of work that constitute Glass has written several Fifty for the Future, Glass’ hand one of new music’s definitive other major pieces specifically now gracefully welcomes new relationships. Solemn, for Kronos, starting with generations of string players. measured and inexorable 1991’s “String Quartet No. Mastering “Quartet Satz” as the tides, the sweeping 5” (featured on the 1995 means grappling with the piece distills the rhythmic and Nonesuch album Kronos string quartet as an organic emotional currents that have Quartet Performs Philip Glass). organism, and the piece’s woven Glass’ music into our All of those experiences architectural strength means consciousness. came to play in writing “Satz that Kronos can usher young “Each movement feels like an Quartet,” as Glass had the musicians inside the piece. entire universe,” says Kronos’ ensemble in mind as he was At a recent string festival at David Harrington. “That’s composing. “I automatically Austria’s Esterházy Palace “we what I thought before we even visualize them playing the had an amazing experience played it. Philip was giving us music and know how they with two very fine quartets something that encapsulates sound,” he says. “I’m thinking, we were mentoring, Canada’s his entire vision in one work. ‘This will be a good part for Rolston String Quartet and I think it’s one of his most Hank. He will like this part.’ I South Korea’s Esmé Quartet,” amazing pieces. Philip has this think it’s likely I’ll never have Harrington says. “The 12 of us connection to the early root this kind of a relationship with played ‘Satz’ as an encore and it sounded glorious.” 18 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Satellites: III. Dimensions (2015) Garth Knox, (b. 1956)

Garth Knox is one Stimulated by the practical “‘Dimensions’ deals with the experience of working on a many possible dimensions of today’s leading personal level with composers which surround us, represented performers of such as Boulez, Ligeti, Berio, by the physical movements contemporary music, Xenakis, and many others, he of the bow through space. channels and expands this In the first dimension, only and his formative energy when writing his own vertical movement is possible. experience as a music. In the second, only horizontal member of Pierre Knox’s solo and ensemble movement along the string is Boulez’s Ensemble pieces have been played possible. Then only circular all over Europe, USA, and motion, then alternating InterContemporain Japan. He has received between the two sides of the and then as violist of commissions from the bow (the stick and the hair). the Festival d’Automne in Paris, The fun really starts when we begin to mix the dimensions, has given him a very Proquartet (), Concorde Ensemble (Ireland), Lucillin slipping from one to another, comprehensive grasp Ensemble (Luxembourg), Tokyo and the piece builds to a of new music. International Viola Competition climax of spectacular bow (Japan), Camarata Variabile techniques including the ‘whip’ (Switzerland), Radio France, and the ‘helicopter’, producing and the Kronos Quartet (USA). a huge range of other-worldly sounds.” Viola Spaces, the first phase of a multi-faceted, on-going series of concert studies for strings published in 2010 by Schott, combines ground- breaking innovation in string technique with joyous pleasure in the act of music making, and the pieces have been adopted and performed by young string players all over the world. “Dimensions” is the third and final movement of Satellites, about which Knox writes: 19 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Daughters of Sol (2017) Aftab Darvishi (b. 1987)

Aftab Darvishi was an experimental electronic evolution between shadows ensemble with supervision and lights. It is a journey about born in , of Yannis Kyriakides that has conveying gentle circular in 1987. She started performed in various festivals movements, which I think it playing violin at such as the Holland Festival. resembles cycles of life. We After her graduation, she has evolve and dissolve in gentle age five, and as she been regularly invited as a and harsh conversions. We grew older, she got guest lecturer at the University change colors, yet we tend to in touch with other of Tehran. go back to our roots despite of instruments like the In 2014, Darvishi was short- our differences.” kamancheh (Iranian listed for the 20th Young Composer meeting in Video Credits: string instrument) and Apeldoorn (Netherlands) and 3000 Reefs classical piano. in 2015, she won the Music Education award from Listhus Filmed and produced by Julia Artist Residency to hold Sumerling Darvishi has studied Music workshops for presenting Music: Performance at University of Persian music to music teachers Daughters of Sol Tehran, Composition at Royal at Music School of Fjallabyggd, Written by Aftab Darvishi Conservatory of The Hague Iceland. In 2016, Darvishi was and Composing for film and awarded the prestigious Tenso © 2017 Kronos Arts Publishing Carnatic Music (South Indian Young Composers Award 2018 Kronos Performing Arts music) at Conservatory of for her piece And the world Association Amsterdam. stopped Lacking you... for a Produced by Kronos Quartet and Darvishi has presented her cappella choir. Reshena Liao music in various festivals in About Daughters of Sol, Aftab Recorded March 2018 at 25th Europe and Asia working Darvishi writes: Street Recording, Oakland, CA with various ensembles. She Engineered and mixed by Zach has also attended various “Daughters of Sol is inspired Miley artistic residencies, such AiEP by a poem by Ahmad Shamloo Contemporary Dance Company who is a Contemporary Iranian Assistant engineer: Gabriel (Milan), Kinitiras studio poet. This piece contains Shepard (Athens), and Akropoditi Dance gentle transitions and detailed Mixed by Zach Miley and David center (Syros). She is a former changes, which leads to Harrington dissolving of different shades member of KhZ ensemble; Filmed on location: The Great and colors. It is a constant Barrier Reef & The Coral Sea, Queensland, Australia 20 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Testimony (2019) Charlton Singleton (b. 1971)

A native of Awendaw, culture that originated among of musicality from some of descendants of enslaved the ‘ordinary’ parishioners in South Carolina, Africans in the Lowcountry church. I recalled that they Charlton Singleton region of the US Southeast. almost always had incredible began his musical About Testimony, Charlton harmonies that weren’t Singleton writes: necessarily the norm, as well as studies at the age of incredible timing with regards three on the piano. “Growing up in the church (my to rhythm. Those two traits Throughout his father is now a retired African made musical experiences at Methodist Episcopal Church church pretty awesome. youth, he went on pastor) I was surrounded by Praise in many forms, but “At a lot of the ‘Singings,’ to study the organ, where there would be choirs violin, cello, and the especially through music. Some of the things that I experienced and other vocal ensembles trumpet. frequently were special from area churches, I would programs, aside from the frequently see a Prayer Band. regular Morning Worship on This is not an ordinary band. Since graduating from South This band is usually three to Carolina State University Sundays: Choir Anniversaries, Usher Anniversaries, and four people who have their with a Bachelor of Arts in voices, their hands, and their Music Performance in 1994, ‘Singings.’ It was normal to be in attendance of these feet to create music. The Singleton has taught music Prayer Band usually has the at the elementary through programs from the early afternoon into responsibility college levels. He is the Artistic of getting the Director and Conductor of the the night. As a “Growing up in the young musician congregation Charleston Jazz Orchestra, church (my father is prepared for an 18-piece jazz ensemble growing up around many now a retired African worship. Today, it comprised of some of the finest is simply known professional musicians in the other musicians, Methodist Episcopal I naturally as the Praise and Southeast. In addition to his Worship Band or roles as speaker, composer, observed and Church pastor) I was took in a lot. Ensemble, and and arranger, Singleton also surrounded by Praise they usually have leads performs as part of Ranky One of the things that I in many forms,” a rhythm section Tanky, a group that specializes backing them. in jazz-influenced arrangements recognized of traditional Gullah music, a later in my life, reflecting “Here is how the Prayer back on my childhood musical Band would operate: There is experiences, was the level someone that usually ‘raises 21 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

cont’d: Testimony (2019), Charlton Singleton (b. 1971)

“Testimony is up’ (or starts singing) a song. It Video Credits: written from may be a song that is familiar Kronos Quartet’s performance of to everyone or it may not be Testimony was filmed October the Prayer Band familiar at all. If it is unfamiliar, 2, 2020 at Bing Concert Hall, © then it’s usually pretty easy for 2020 The Leland Stanford Junior experience, and everyone to catch on quickly. University (Stanford University): At the beginning of these Directed, Photographed and from specific songs, there could be a prayer Edited by Frazer Bradshaw; or chant where the rest of Recording Engineer: Zach Miley; rhythms in African the members are humming or Executive Producers: Elena Park and Chris Lorway; Producer: moaning. At the conclusion American churches Kimberly Pross. of the prayer or chant, the and communities— person leading it will start a faster song, which then leads the ‘Gullah Clap’ to a lot of ‘praise and worship’ in the congregation. At the (on beats two, two- conclusion of their song, there and, and four) and will be another member of the Prayer Band that takes the ‘Half Clap’ (on over, and the whole process is repeated. beat one only).” “Testimony is written from the Prayer Band experience, and from specific rhythms in African American churches and communities—the ‘Gullah Clap’ (on beats two, two-and, and four) and the ‘Half Clap’ (on beat one only).” 22 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Kronos Quartet Production:

Produced by Janet For the Kronos Quartet/ Contact: Cowperthwaite, Sarah Kronos Performing Arts Kronos Quartet/Kronos Donahue, Reshena Liao, and Association: Performing Arts Association Nikolás McConnie-Saad Janet Cowperthwaite, P. O. Box 225340 Production Management: Executive Director, KPAA / Kronos Performing Arts Manager, Kronos , CA 94122-5340 USA Association Mason Dille, Development Introductions filmed by Kayla Manager kronosquartet.org LaCour Dana Dizon, Business Manager facebook.com/kronosquartet Video editing by Nurie K. Sarah Donahue, Operations instagram.com/kronos_quartet Mohamed Manager twitter.com/kronosquartet Reshena Liao, Creative Projects Kronos Quartet appears Manager The Kronos Quartet records for courtesy of Kronos Performing Nikolás McConnie-Saad, . Arts Association Artistic Administrator

Brian Mohr, Sound Designer, © 2021 Kronos Performing Arts Technical Manager Association Kären Nagy, Strategic kronosquartet.org Initiatives Director Brian H. Scott, Lighting Designer

23 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Kronos Quartet Bio

For over 45 years, San Kronos’ adventurous approach Francisco’s Kronos Quartet dates back to the ensemble’s – David Harrington (violin), origins. In 1973, David John Sherba (violin), Hank Dutt Harrington was inspired to Integral to (viola), and Sunny Yang (cello) – form Kronos after hearing has pursued a singular artistic ’s Black Angels, Kronos’ work is vision, combining a spirit of a highly unorthodox, Vietnam fearless exploration with a War–inspired work featuring a series of long- commitment to continually bowed water glasses, spoken reimagine the string quartet word passages, and electronic running, in-depth experience. In the process, effects. Kronos then began collaborations Kronos has become one of building a compellingly eclectic the most celebrated and repertoire for string quartet, with many of the influential groups of our time, performing and recording performing thousands of works by 20th-century masters world’s foremost concerts worldwide, releasing (Bartók, Webern, Schnittke), more than 60 recordings of contemporary composers composers. extraordinary breadth and (Sahba Aminikia, Nicole Lizée, creativity, collaborating with , Aleksandra many of the world’s most Vrebalov), jazz legends accomplished composers (Charles Mingus, Maria and performers, and Schneider, ), commissioning more than rock artists (, The 1,000 works and arrangements Who’s Pete Townshend, Sigur for string quartet. Kronos Rós), and artists who truly defy has received over 40 awards, genre (multi-disciplinary artists including both the Polar and Trevor Music and Avery Fisher Prizes, Paglen, spoken-word poets two of the most prestigious from Youth Speaks). awards given to musicians. Integral to Kronos’ work Most recently, the group is a series of long-running, received the Dutch Edison in-depth collaborations Klassiek Oeuvreprijs for career with many of the world’s achievement in 2019, and foremost composers. One of became the first US-based the quartet’s most frequent musicians to receive the composer-collaborators is WOMEX (World Music Expo) “Father of Minimalism” Terry Artist Award in 2018. 24 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Kronos Quartet Bio

Riley, whose work with Kronos Kronos has recorded the múm, and Lau’s Martin includes Salome Dances for Grammy-winning composition Green, and has appeared on Peace (1985–86); Sun Rings (1989), Triple recordings by artists such as (2002), a NASA-commissioned Quartet (2001), and WTC 9/11 , Dan Zanes, multimedia ode to the earth (2011); among many other Glenn Kotche, Dave Matthews and its people that features composers and arrangers. Band, , Joan celestial sounds and images In addition to composers, Armatrading, Don Walser, from space; and The Serquent Kronos counts numerous Angelique Kidjo, Dan Wilson, Risadome, premiered during performers from around the and the San Francisco Girls Kronos’ 40th Anniversary world among its collaborators, Chorus. In dance, the famed Celebration at Carnegie Hall including the Chinese pipa choreographers Merce in 2014. In 2015, Kronos’ virtuoso ; Azeri Cunningham, Paul Taylor, Twyla longtime label Nonesuch master vocalist ; Tharp, Alonzo King, Eiko & Records released One Earth, legendary Bollywood Koma, and Paul Lightfoot and One People, One Love: Kronos “playback singer” , Sol León (Nederlands Dans Plays , a five-disc, featured on Kronos’ 2005 Theater) have created pieces four-album box set dedicated Grammy-nominated CD You’ve with Kronos’ music. to Riley that included the Stolen My Heart: Songs from The quartet spends five new release Sunrise of the R.D. Burman’s Bollywood; Inuit months of each year on tour, Planetary Dream Collector: throat singer Tanya Tagaq; appearing in concert halls, Music of Terry Riley. Kronos Mexican rockers Café Tacvba; clubs, and festivals around commissioned and recorded the Romanian gypsy band Taraf the world including Carnegie the three string quartets de Haïdouks; Iranian vocalist Hall, Disney Hall, Barbican of Polish composer Henryk Mahsa Vahdat; and Trio Da in London, BAM Next Wave Górecki, with whom the group Kali, an ensemble of Malian Festival, Big Ears, The Arts worked for more than 25 griot musicians assembled Center at New York University years. The quartet has also by Aga Khan Music Initiative. Abu Dhabi, Palacio de Bellas collaborated extensively with Kronos has performed live with Artes in Mexico City, WOMAD, composers such as Philip the likes of Paul McCartney, Amsterdam’s Concertgebouw, Glass, recording an album of David Bowie, , Allen Shanghai Concert Hall, Lincoln his string quartets in 1995 and Ginsberg, Jarvis Cocker, Zakir Center Out of Doors, Sydney premiering String Quartets Hussain, , Opera House, Victoria Hall No. 6 in 2013 and No. 7 in Noam Chomsky, Rokia Traoré, in Geneva, Switzerland, 2014; Azerbaijan’s Franghiz , , and Haydn Hall in Schloss Ali-Zadeh, whose works are Howard Zinn, Betty Carter, Van Esterhazy. featured on the full-length Dyke Parks, Caetano Veloso, 2005 release Mugam Sayagi; Kronos’ work has been k.d. lang, Amanda Palmer, featured prominently in a , of whose work , The National, 25 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Kronos Quartet Bio

Ladilikan with Trio Da Kali; number of films, including the Kronos is equally prolific and Clouded Yellow, a collection Academy Award–nominated wide-ranging on recordings. of work written for Kronos documentaries How to The ensemble’s expansive by Bang on the Can founding Survive a Plague (2012) and discography on Nonesuch composer Michael Gordon; Dirty Wars (2013), for which includes collections like Pieces Placeless with Mahsa and Kronos’ David Harrington of Africa (1992), a showcase Marjan Vahdat singing original served as Music Supervisor. of African-born composers songs composed by Mahsa Kronos also recorded complete that simultaneously topped Vahdat to poems by , film scores by Philip Glass Billboard’s Classical and , Forough Farrokhzad for Dracula, a 1999 restored World Music lists; the ten-disc and others in arrangements edition of the 1931 Tod anthology Kronos Quartet: 25 by Sahba Aminikia, Aftab Browning-directed Bela Lugosi Years (1998); Nuevo (2002), a Darvishi, Garchik, and Atabak classic; for the Grammy and Latin Grammy– Elyasi; and Long Time Passing: Darren Aronofsky films The nominated celebration of Kronos & Friends Celebrate Fountain (2006) and Requiem Mexican culture; and three with Sam Amidon, for a Dream (2000); Terry Grammy-winning albums: Maria Arnal, Brian Carpenter, Riley for François Girard’s Terry Riley’s Sun Rings (2019), Lee Knight, Meklit, and Aoife Hochelaga terre des âmes Landfall with Laurie Anderson O’Donovan. Kronos’ classic (2017); and Jacob Garchik (2018), and ’s recordings Requiem for a for Guy Maddin’s The Green featuring soprano Dream, Pieces of Africa, Fog (2017). Additional films (2003). In Dracula, , featuring Kronos’ music celebration of the quartet’s Different Trains/Electric include Mishima: A Life in Four 40th anniversary season in Counterpoint, and The Gorey Chapter (1985), La grande 2014, Nonesuch released both End with The Tiger Lillies have bellezza (The Great Beauty, Kronos Explorer Series, a five- all recently been re-released 2013), 21 Grams (2003), Heat CD retrospective boxed set, on vinyl. Music publishers (1995), and True Stories (1986), and the single-disc A Thousand Boosey & Hawkes and Kronos among others. A Thousand Thoughts, featuring mostly have released two volumes of Thoughts: A live documentary unreleased recordings from Kronos Collection sheet music, with the Kronos Quartet, throughout Kronos’ career. featuring works by Terry Riley, written and directed by Sam Kronos’ recent releases include , Aleksandra Green and Joe Bini, features Folk Songs, with Sam Amidon, Vrebalov, and . live narration by Green and live , Rhiannon music by Kronos. It premiered Giddens, and Natalie Merchant In addition to its role as a in 2018 at the Sundance Film singing traditional folk songs performing and recording Festival and Wexner Center with arrangements by Jacob ensemble, the quartet is for the Arts at The Ohio State Garchik, Nico Muhly, Donnacha committed to mentoring University. Dennehy, and ; emerging performers and 26 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Kronos Quartet Bio

composers and has led education and legacy project workshops, master classes, that is commissioning—and and other education programs distributing online for free—50 with Carnegie Hall’s Weill new works for string quartet Music Institute, Kaufman designed expressly for the Music Center’s Face the training of students and Music, Ruth Asawa San emerging professionals and Francisco School of the Arts, composed by 25 women and San Francisco Conservatory 25 men from around the world. of Music, and through the Scores and parts, recordings, Embassy Adoption Program and other materials are (a program of available on kronosquartet.org. Performing Arts and District Lead partner Carnegie Hall of Columbia Public Schools), and an adventurous group that among other institutions in the includes presenters, academic U.S. and overseas. Kronos has institutions, foundations, and recently undertaken extended individuals have joined forces educational residencies at UC with KPAA to support this Berkeley’s Cal Performances, program. Holland Festival, Texas Performing Arts Association at the University of Texas at Austin, New York University Abu Dhabi, and Mount Royal University Conservatory. With a staff of seven, the nonprofit Kronos Performing Arts Association (KPAA) manages all aspects of Kronos’ work, including commissioning, concert tours and local performances, education programs, and an annual self-produced Kronos Festival in San Francisco. In 2015, Kronos launched 50 for the Future: The Kronos Learning Repertoire, an 27 WMPAC 2020/2021 WINTER SEASON MARCH 26/27TH | 5:30PM, 8PM KRONOS & CASCADE QUARTETS HYBRID STRING QUARTETS

Cascade Quartet Bio

For over three decades, the Symphony to expand its Chamber Music Festival at the Cascade Quartet has impact through many outreach the University of Great Falls, inspired audiences with and educational programs in with the collaboration of the their depth of sound and the local schools as well as the internationally renowned Ying insightful interpretations. Great Falls Youth Symphony. Quartet. In 2003, the quartet With an incredible level of ​Through the years, the collaborated with celebrated artistry and an irresistible Cascade Quartet travelled cellist Yo-Yo Ma in conjunction energy, the quartet draws in hundreds of thousands of with his concerto performance new and seasoned listeners miles, performing concerts with the Great Falls Symphony. through creative programming, and bringing outreach and The Cascade Quartet also informative and engaging educational opportunities actively contributes to their interactions from the stage, to communities throughout field by supporting the education, and communicating Montana and the Northwest. creation of new music. Since a passion for music in all that Their success as string its inception, the quartet has they do. quartet has taken the group commissioned and premiered In 1978, the Cascade Quartet beyond the region and many works, including new was established by the Great attracted renowned artists pieces by Grammy nominee Falls Symphony Association to Great Falls. In 1996 the Philip Aaberg, MacDowell to fulfill its mission to bring Cascade Quartet was one of Colony Fellow Mara Gibson, high quality leadership to the five ensembles selected for and Montana’s own, world string section of the orchestra, Chamber Music America’s renowned: David Maslanka. chamber music performances Educator/Ensemble Seminar at Today’s Cascade Quartet to the city of Great Falls, and Oberlin Conservatory, and in includes violinists Mary further enrich the cultural 1998 the quartet participated Papoulis and Megan Karls, experience of its residents. in a cultural exchange concert violist Alyssa Roggow, and The resident quartet initiated series with the Lethbridge cellist Thad Suits. the first season of the Great Quartet from Canada. In 1999 Falls Symphony’s Chamber the Cascade Quartet organized Music Series and enabled the highly successful Weekend WARRENMILLERPAC.ORG

The mission of the Warren Miller Performing Arts Center is to establish and maintain a clear and stable artistic infrastructure to grow a community of confident performers and inspired audiences.