OSPESCA/NOAA PROJECT Workshop on Uses of Technology to Combat Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing

Tegucigalpa, Honduras 15th – 17th February 2012

Commander SG Gylfi Geirsson The Icelandic Integrated System for Monitoring Control and Surveillance Where is Iceland

Iceland is located high up in the North Atlantic, next to the Arctic The Icelandic Coast Guard

• The ICG is a law enforcement agency responsible for – maritime surveillance for safety and security and – has the role of both monitoring and response on the ocean around Iceland.

• The operation is based on – gathering, analyzing and distribution of information – close cooperation with the neighbouring countries in order to create as accurate surface picture as possible at any given moment to ensure maritime safety and security. The tasks of the Icelandic Coast Guard

• Safety and security surveillance and law enforcement on sea – Protection against illegal activities such as illegal migration and illegal drug trafficking – Fisheries control and enforcement – Pollution surveillance and response – Natural resource and ecology protection – Salvage and rescue diving – International cooperation • Search and rescue • Emergency medical transport • Explosive Ordinance Disposal “EOD” • Hydrographic surveying and nautical charting • Assistance to law enforcement on land • Civil protection Icelandic EEZ and SRR

The Icelandic EEZ (IEEZ) • 754.000 km2

Icelandic SRR (ISRR) 2 • 1.9 million km ISRR – ICG responsible for Maritime and Aeronautical SAR IEEZ – JRCC operated by ICG ISRR ISRR IEEZ Activity in the area

• Activity in the Icelandic EEZ – There are ca. 1600 vessels on the Icelandic registry. • Majority small fishing boats • Up to 1000 vessels can be at sea at the same time • Fishing vessels from Greenland, Faroe Islands, Norway and EU are licensed to fish in the Icelandic EEZ • Over 1800 vessels arrive from abroad to Iceland every year SAR and EMS tasks

• Flights • Operations Centre (2010) – 120 – 180 pr. year – Total incidents 460 • 55 % EMS • Emergency 49 • 45 % SAR • Alert Phase 89 • Uncertainty Phase 322

EMS flight to a Lithuanian vessel 115 NM SW of Iceland Assets

• Ocean Patrol Vessel (OPVs) • Coastal Patrol Vessel (CPV) • MPA • Search and Rescue (SAR) helicopters New multipurpose OPV “ÞÓR”

• Multipurpose vessel – Maritime Surveillance – Civil Protection On-Scene Command and Control – Environmental Response – Fisheries Control – Search and Rescue – Fire Fighting – Emergency Towing – Oil Recovery Operations – Salvage – Hydrographic Survey Technical Data – HIFR Length 93.80 m Breadth 16.00 m Gross Tonnage 3.920 t Speed Towing Capacity 19.5 kn Crew / Max 18 / 48 ICG MPA and crew

• Dash 8 Q300 MPA – Range: 2.200 NM – Endurance: • Max 10 hours • Normal surveillance 5-7 hours – Cruising speed: • Normal cruising speed 180 – 240 KN • Max. 258 KN, min. 95 KN – Equipment • Surveillance radar – Elta 2022 • Side looking radar – MSS 6000 • EOIR – Wescam MX-15 • AIS • Handheld Cameras • Oil sample and SAR buoys • Drop-able life rafts – Crew: • 2 x pilots • 2-3 x Nav. Officers / operators – Trained On-Scene SAR coordinators • 2 x technicians The Integrated System

• Maritime related services combined in a single centre – Maritime Traffic Service • VTS • Vessel monitoring centre – Fisheries Monitoring Centre • Fisheries VMS – Schengen Border Control – Coastal Radio • Compliance with GMDSS – Coast Guard Operations • General Maritime Surveillance coordination • MRCC + ARCC = JRCC Integrated System - Single Point of Contact

Defence and Security • Coast Guard Operations related Tasks • Maritime Surveillance • Maritime Safety and Security Coast Guard Search And • Maritime and Aeronautical Operations Rescue Search and Rescue “JRCC” • Maritime Border Control Integrated (Schengen) Integrated System • Monitoring, Control and Operations Enforcement for fisheries for: • GMDSS Centre • Battling Illegal Activity • Environmental Protection Vessel Fisheries • Emergency Response Traffic Monitoring • Increased Maritime Services Centre Situational Awareness AIS

Vessels in tracking Fisheries VMS Safety VMS Vessels in tracking

Schengen - ISPS Operation centre Fishing licences •VMS Port call •FMC Ship Registry •MTS Position •MRCC – ARCC = JRCC Crew List •GMDSS •Coast Guard Entry – Exit NEAFC POS - Catch and •112 (Emergency hot-line) Activity – Notifications and Catch/activity •Civil Protection Authorisations. •State Police Sightings •Voluntary SAR Other States

VDS Coast Guard database Coast Guard aircraft Safe Sea Net database PSC

Compiled files automatically Coastal Radar distributed to relevant recipients. Coast Guard vessels LRIT State Police Customs Directorate of Fisheries Icelandic Maritime Administration Coast Guard Operation Centre Port security officers Information Flow Chart NEAFC – NAFO Other States The VMS

• Tracking is primarily for safety – Reporting frequency • Ships 24 m > one-hour • Ships < 24 m every 15 minute – One-hour if outside the VHF coverage but must then have appropriate tracking device installed • Passenger ships every 15 minute – Same reports used for safety and fisheries control VDS

• Vessel Detection System (VDS) VDS during the redfish season in the Irminger Sea – VDS has been used by the Icelandic Coast Guard since 2001 – Based on Low Earth Orbiting Satellites using radar • Image window 300 x 300 kilometres – Automatically correlated with VMS information – Unknown targets highlighted – Found to be especially useful to have a snapshot of distant areas – Can make maritime surveillance more cost effective, especially the

airborne surveillance Processed VDS image of vessels fishing for redfish in the Irminger Sea 19th May 2007 Automatic Distribution of Data

• Catch and activity – Compiled list transmitted every few hours • Position list – Transmitted as plain text, file for import into inspection database and as data for display in the patrol units ECDIS • Schengen, ISPS and Port-call list – Summarised lists transmitted every few hours to several recipients • Missing reports list – List of vessels which have not transmitted required reports, such as Catch Automation, cont.

• Database files – Inspection Data Base • Copy of database entries from other units for the last 3 days circulated – Ship registry - Crew list - Fishing licenses and suspension list • Automatic update from the Maritime Administration and the Directorate of Fisheries imported into Coast Guard database • Distributed to inspection platform databases – RFMO lists • NEAFC Authorizations • NEAFC Notifications – IUU list – Traffic lists • Compilation of all known arrival and departures in Iceland Automation, cont.

• Warning lists – Compiled every few hours – Comparison of VMS position list against; • Ship registry • Fishing licence database • Suspension list • Crew list

– Transmitted to all patrol units, operations centre and operations division Use of distributed data

• Use of data onboard inspection vessels – Entry of sightings and Inspection reports into the vessels database • Automatic lookup of data from the ship registry, crew list fishing licences, position and Schengen lists – Pre-boarding report • Printout of all relevant data before boarding – Ship registry – Crew list for the vessels including certificates – Fishing licences – Former inspections with result list Integration of different sensors -

Building the recognised Surface Picture

Combination of information from different sensors • Radar • AIS receiver • Electro – Optical • Infra Red • SLAR • VMS from operations centre • Surface Picture before flight • Updated information during flight International Fisheries Enforcement

• Obligations for fisheries control in the NEAFC Regulatory Area – Automatic forwarding from the NEAFC Secretariat of; • VMS positions • COE – ENT – CAT – TRA – POR – COX and EXI reports from CP vessels and cooperating non-CP vessels

– All VMS information visible at Integrated Operations Centre and in ECDIS of relevant surveillance unit Bilateral VMS

• Bilateral tracking agreements with ; – Greenland – Faroe Islands – Norway – Russia • Automatic procedures • Daily catch reporting – Full “Electronic Reporting” from the vessels Electronic Logbooks is being tested Search and Rescue features

• Automatic warning if a vessel is not reporting according to schedule – Operator must contact or locate the vessel within 30 minutes – If no contact or no confirmed information • Search and Rescue operation must be initiated Icelandic Coast Guard Search and Rescue features incorporated into the VMS for the safety of all mariners

Automatic warning if a vessel is not reporting as scheduled. SAR operation can be started much earlier for those vessels in the system, in the case of emergency situation but no distress call.

Automatic listing of all known vessels within selected distance form the vessel in distress.

Measurement of distance and time of travel between the vessel in distress and the rescue units.

Vessel in distress. Cost benefits

• Situation before merging: Manpower before and after establishment of the Integrated System – Main components in 3 different places System Before After • Life Saving Association Coastal Radio Station System 28 – Mandatory Tracking Mandatory Tracking System 7 • Post and telegraph Coast Guard Operation Centre 9 – Coastal Radio Stations • Coast Guard New Combined Centre 14 – Coast Guard Operation Total number of operators 44 14 – Fisheries Monitoring – MRCC Oceanic Conclusions

• An Integrated System for Monitoring Control and Surveillance (MSC) is built on several different components. – These include traditional means of surveillance by vessels and aircraft, later techniques such as Vessel Monitoring Systems and satellite imagery, and requirements for manual notification and the reception of all of those. – All of these different components have their own and different capacities for the purpose of MCS, but all of them have their limitations if not augmented by some or all of the other components. – To achieve an efficient system for Monitoring Control and Surveillance and maximize the capacity and cost efficiency of each component, a coordinated use and integration of the different components is necessary. • The Integrated System has proven highly effective in battling IUU activity – All information on maritime traffic as well as all required notification from vessels are handled in the combined centre. – The system automatically highlights and issues a warning if a notification is received from an IUU vessel or if such a vessel is sighted. • Safety of Mariners – The Integrated System with its mandatory tracking for the mariners safety where all vessels are closely monitored and only 30 minutes are allowed for contacting and locating overdue vessel before a Search and Rescue operation is launched has through the years saved numerous lives. Key Points

• The Integrated System facilitates for; – Fisheries Monitoring ,Control and Surveillance (MCS) – General Maritime Surveillance • Surface – Aerial - Satellite – Maritime Security – Battle IUU fishing and other illegal activity • Environmental protection • Illegal migration • Illegal drug trafficking – Safety of Mariners • Search and Rescue – Increased Maritime Situational Awareness • FAO report

• FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. 1053 – Case Study of the Icelandic Integrated System for Monitoring, Control and Surveillance

http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/i2099e/i2099e00.htm

– My contact details: [email protected] Thank you for the attention

Questions ?

Gylfi Geirsson