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Open Mcinteer Dissertation Final.Pdf The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages and Literatures WRITING THE EDGE OF EMPIRE: JOSEPH ROTH’S GALICIA A Dissertation in German by Nicole L. McInteer © 2016 Nicole L. McInteer Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2016 The dissertation of Nicole L. McInteer was reviewed and approved* by the following: Daniel Purdy Professor of German Studies Dissertation Adviser and Committee Chair Thomas Beebee Edwin Erle Sparks Professor of Comparative Literature and German Head of the Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages and Literatures Richard Page Associate Professor of German and Linguistics Sophie De Schaepdrijver Associate Professor of History Ursula Bettina Brandt Special Member Fellow-in-Residence Netherlands Institute for Advanced Studies in the Humanities and Social Sciences, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School. ii Abstract In 1924, Joseph Roth traveled to his birthplace of Galicia on assignment as a feuilletonist for the Frankfurter Zeitung. While traveling in the city of Lemberg, Roth claimed that the city had kosmopolitische Neigungen. This dissertation connects theories of cosmopolitanism to Roth’s writing, specifically his feuilletons that he wrote in France and Galicia, as well as his literary masterpiece Radetzskymarsch. Moreover, this work argues that Roth’s cosmopolitanism can be connected with his Galician roots. Joseph Roth, along with Galician authors Leopold von Sacher-Masoch and Karl Emil Franzos, constructed a literary space for Galicia that established a tradition of writing from the periphery. This project focuses on the region of Galicia – part of modern day Ukraine – and on the authors who most ambitiously monumentalized it as an essential part of Austria. Additionally, this dissertation contextualizes the space of Galicia by reading the Galician volume of the Die österreichisch-ungarische Monarchie in Wort und Bild. Commissioned in 1884 by the Crown Prince Rudolf, thus often called the Kronprinzenwerk, the project was intended to foster a sense of collective patriotism by celebrating the diversity of the Crown Lands. The relationship between the center and periphery is an essential theme for this work, and Die österreichisch- ungarische Monarchie in Wort und Bild is an excellent example of these tensions at play. This dissertation demonstrates simultaneously how complicated and how much potential a multinational project can be. Nationalist causes that worked against the multiethnic Austro-Hungarian Empire are most often cited as the iii primary cause of its downfall, but this dissertation complicates this narrative by pointing to Galicia, where multiculturalism – to a degree – existed and thrived for decades. Roth sees this multiculturalism as cosmopolitanism in Lemberg, which has its roots in the other works examined here: Leopold von Sacher-Masoch’s Der Iluj demonstrates the potentiality of Galicia’s cosmopolitanism; Franzos’s Von Wien nach Czernowitz wittily examines topics like boundaries, stereotypes, and national identity; and the Kronprinzenwerk demonstrates how cosmopolitanism was a construction by the center for the periphery of Galicia. All of these sources provide a rich context for understanding how Joseph Roth envisioned Galicia in his fiction and reportage. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................... vii Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................... viii Introduction A. Austrian Space and the Role of Literature ........................................................................ 6 B. Cosmopolitanism and the Nationality Problem .......................................................... 12 C. Galicia ............................................................................................................................................ 16 D. Description of Chapters ......................................................................................................... 19 Chapter 1: DeFining the Periphery from the Center A. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 23 B. Focus on Ethnic Difference ................................................................................................... 32 C. Challenging the Maps .............................................................................................................. 39 D. The Kronprinzenwerk and Galicia ...................................................................................... 46 E. Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 65 Chapter 2: Leopold von Sacher-Masoch and Karl Emil Franzos: Literary Forerunners to Joseph Roth A. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 68 B. Austrians in Galicia .................................................................................................................. 70 C. Multiculturalism in Galicia ................................................................................................... 75 D. Leopold von Sacher-Masoch ................................................................................................ 81 E. Karl Emil Franzos ..................................................................................................................... 94 F. Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 108 Chapter 3: Traveling with Roth: France, Galicia, and to the Edge oF the Former Empire A. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 111 B. Travel, Cosmopolitanism, and the Feuilleton ............................................................. 116 C. Packing His Suitcase: Roth’s Travel Beginnings ........................................................ 123 D. Roth’s Travels in France ...................................................................................................... 126 E. Traveling to The White Cities ............................................................................................ 129 F. Cosmopolitanism and The White Cities ........................................................................ 135 G. Back to Galicia and Re-assessing the Myth .................................................................. 143 H. Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 159 Chapter 4: Reading the Periphery in Joseph Roth’s Radetzkymarsch A. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 162 B. Radetzkymarsch and the Scholarly Debates ................................................................ 167 C. “Österreich ist nicht in den Alpen zu finden…” – Roth’s definition and depiction of Austria .............................................................................................................. 172 D. Place and Radetzksymarsch ................................................................................................ 178 E. The Painting and how it Represents the Space of Austria .................................... 187 v F. The Cost of Comopolitanism – Max Demant ............................................................... 197 G. Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 210 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................................. 214 Works Cited ........................................................................................................................................... 225 vi List oF Figures Figure 1: Poster of the exhibition Mit Galicji / The Myth of Galicia International Cultural Centre in Cracow, Poland October 2014 – March 2015 .............................................................................................. 148 Figure 2: Poster of the exhibition Mythos Galizien Wien Museum in Vienna, Austria March 2015 – August 2015 ................................................................................................ 149 vii Acknowledgements To begin, I’d like to extend my gratitude to my adviser Dr. Daniel Purdy. In the spring of 2010, I asked Dr. Purdy to take an independent study on Viennese Modernism, and it was in his office where the ideas for this dissertation started to form. His guidance, feedback, and patience were what helped get this project off the ground and what led to its completion. Thank you, Dr. Purdy, for all of your efforts. I appreciate it more than I can express. My committee members have also been extremely influential during my time as a graduate student at Penn State. The feedback of Dr. Thomas Beebee, Dr. Bettina Brandt, Dr. Richard Page, and Dr. Sophie De Schaepdrijver has
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