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Elements and the Periodic Table The Teacher’s Guide: Social Skills Teacher Assessment

The Teacher’s Guide: Social Skills Teacher Assessment

Group # Name Activity Name Social Skills Teacher Assessment Name

Social Skill First Second Total Visit (5) Visit (5) (10)

Total (50)

Group # Period Name Activity Name Social Skills Teacher Assessment Name

Social Skill First Second Total Visit (5) Visit (5) (10)

Total (50)

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers  Elements and the Periodic Table The Teacher’s Guide: Social Skills Student Evaluation

The Teacher’s Guide: Social Skills Student Evaluation

Group # Period Name Activity Name Social Skills Student Evaluation Name

Directions: For this activity, write the five social skills stressed by your teacher in the space provided below. Circle the number that best relates to how your group performed on each social skill. Then total your score. Be honest so your teacher can help you become a better group.

Points Behaviors

5 Excellent! Your group mastered this skill.

4 Good job! Your group did a good job of following this skill.

3 Average! Your group may not have followed this skill all the time, but it tried.

2 Needs work! It was a rare occasion when this skill was followed.

1 Needs lots of work! Most of the time this skill was not followed.

0 A disaster! Students in your group never followed this skill.

1. 0 1 2 3 4 5 2. 0 1 2 3 4 5 3. 0 1 2 3 4 5 4. 0 1 2 3 4 5 5. 0 1 2 3 4 5

Total

Write any comments or concerns that your group has in the space below or on the back of this page. Include comments or concerns about the activity or the social skills. Word the comments in such a way that your teacher can help you overcome any difficulties.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers  Elements and the Periodic Table The Teacher’s Guide: Showcase Portfolio

The Teacher’s Guide: Showcase Portfolio

Showcase Portfolio Name Unit Date Hour

Directions: Pick five completed unit activities that show your best work. Assemble them, using this page as a cover sheet. In the spaces provided below, write the name of the activity and give reasons why this is your best work.

Teacher Use Only

1. Name of Activity 0 1 2 3 4 5 Reason you chose this activity

2. Name of Activity 0 1 2 3 4 5 Reason you chose this activity

3. Name of Activity 0 1 2 3 4 5 Reason you chose this activity

4. Name of Activity 0 1 2 3 4 5 Reason you chose this activity

5. Name of Activity 0 1 2 3 4 5 Reason you chose this activity

Total (25)

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 10 Elements and the Periodic Table The Teacher’s Guide: Collective Portfolio

The Teacher’s Guide: Collective Portfolio

Collective Portfolio Name Unit Date Hour

Directions: Gather all of your papers from this unit and assemble them in order by date. Complete this table of contents and staple it to your papers.

Table of Contents

Page # Title Date 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26.

Total CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 11 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 1: What Are Elements?: The Periodic Table of the Elements

Chapter 1: What Are Elements?: The Periodic Table of the Elements 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 Alkali Metals Alkaline Earth Metals Gases Noble Transition Elements Transition BCNO Group

5 The Periodic Table of the Elements Table The Periodic

1 2 3–12 13–16 17 18 4 3 2 1

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 15 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 1: What Are Elements?: Transparency Master

Chapter 1: What Are Elements?: Transparency Master

What Are Elements?

Elements are pure substances made of only one kind of atom. Atoms are tiny structures found in all matter. Most substances contain many different atoms. Only elements contain just one kind of atom.

ELEMENTS COMPOUNDS MIXTURES 1. One kind of atom 1. Two or more kinds of 1. Two or more 2. Pure atoms chemically elements or 3. Separated in bonded compounds nuclear reactions 2. Pure physically together 3. Separated in 2. Not pure chemical reactions 3. Separated in physical reactions

Aluminum Water Salt Salad Soda Can Jewelry Dressing and and The Periodic Table of the Elements The Periodic Table was first constructed in 1869 to organize the elements by their properties. The Periodic Table in this book shows 118 elements. It organizes them by their families, atomic numbers, and many other properties.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 17 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet

Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet

Hydrogen (H) (continued) • Hydrogen was used to keep blimps and manned • Boron is used to make control rods in nuclear balloons aloft. reactors. • Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water. • Boron is used for transistors in computers and • Hydrogen is used to make ammonia, fertilizer, calculators. margarine, and rocket fuel. • are used in nuclear reactions and (C) hydrogen bombs. • Many organic compounds are made from carbon. • Many products such as petroleum and perfume are (He) made from carbon. • Helium is used today to fill blimps, manned balloons, • Natural diamonds are made of carbon. toy balloons, and weather balloons. • Graphite is made of carbon. Graphite is used in • Scuba divers use a mixture of oxygen and helium many products, such as pencils and synthetic to breathe. diamonds. • Helium was used to make the first gas lasers. Today • Carbon makes coal, which is used to make heat gas lasers are used in bar code scanners. and electricity in some areas. • Helium is used as a liquid to cool particle • Carbon is combined with oxygen to form carbon accelerators. dioxide. Carbon dioxide is exhaled when we breathe, • Helium is used by astronomers to eliminate space used in photosynthesis, used for carbonation in soft noise on their detectors. drinks, and used to make decaffeinated coffee. • Dry ice is frozen carbon dioxide. It is used to freeze (Li) many things, such as ice cream. • Lithium combines with aluminum to make a light • Carbon is used to remove pollutants from the air. metal used in aircraft and spaceships. • Carbon is used in some inks, tires, and dry cells. • Lithium is used to make small batteries for cameras, • Carbon combines with to make cyanide, calculators, and pacemakers. which is a toxic poison. • Lithium is used to purify air in spacecraft and • Isotopes are used to date rocks and fossils. submarines. • Lithium is used in some soaps. Nitrogen (N) • Lithium is used to manufacture lubrication • Nitrogen makes up 78% of air. grease. • Liquid nitrogen is used to freeze foods and biological • Lithium is used as medication for bipolar disease. specimens. • Isotopes are used to make hydrogen bombs. • Gaseous nitrogen is used to protect electronic materials. (Be) • Nitrogen is used to store fruit for long periods of • Beryllium is found naturally in gems. It gives time. Apples stored in nitrogen gas can last 30 emeralds and aquamarines their color. months without rotting. • Beryllium is used to make X-ray tubes. • Nitrogen is used to pump oil from the ground. • Beryllium is used in rocket fuel and explosives. • Nitrogen combines with carbon, hydrogen, and • Isotopes are used for neutron sources in nuclear other elements to make protein. laboratories. • Nitrogen is used in the production of ammonia and fertilizer. Boron (B) • Nitrogen combines with oxygen to form dangerous • Boron is used in water softeners. pollutants. • Boron is used as an eyewash. • Nitrogen is used to make nitrous oxide, a medicine • Boron is used to make heat-resistant glass, such as that serves as a mild anesthetic. Pyrex™, for baking dishes and measuring cups.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 32 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet

Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet (cont.)

Nitrogen (continued) Sodium (Na) • Nitrogen is used in whipped-cream dispensers. • Sodium is used to transfer heat out of nuclear • Nitrogen is used to make dynamite and other reactors. explosives. • Sodium combines with chlorine to make table • Nitrogen is used to preserve canned food. salt. • Nitrogen is used in air bags in cars. • Sodium is used in drain cleaner and oven cleaner. • Nitrogen is used in the PET scan, which is used in • Sodium is used in several soaps because of its hospitals to detect brain dysfunction, schizophrenia, ability to dissolve grease. and Alzheimer’s disease. • Sodium is used in baking soda. • Sodium is used in medicine to provide relief for Oxygen (O) heartburn. • We use oxygen to breathe. • Sodium is used in highway lights and fog lights • Every cell in the body needs oxygen. because it glows yellow. • Oxygen makes ozone, which protects us from the • Isotopes are used in medicine to trace movement harmful rays of the sun. in the body. • Oxygen combines with hydrogen to make water. • Oxygen combines with just about every element to (Mg) make a family of compounds called oxides. • When combined with aluminum, magnesium makes • Oxygen makes hydrogen peroxide, which is used as an alloy that is used in automobile parts, aircraft an industrial and cosmetic bleach and disinfectant. parts, power tools, lawnmower housings, and racing • Oxygen is used as a liquid rocket fuel. bikes. • Magnesium is used in fireworks and flares because (F) it gives off a bright white light when it burns. • Fluorine is added to many materials to lower the • Magnesium is a valuable mineral for the proper melting point. nutrition of the human body. • Fluorine is used to enrich for use in nuclear • Magnesium is used in medicine to treat heartburn power plants. and skin rashes. • Fluorine is added to water supplies and toothpaste • Magnesium is used to treat leather and other fabrics to prevent cavities in teeth. to accept dye. • Fluorine is used to make non-stick coating for pots and pans. Aluminum (Al) • Fluorine is used in spray cans. • Aluminum is used for aluminum foil. • Fluorine, in the form of freon, is used in refrigerators • Aluminum is used in airplane wings. and air conditioners. • Aluminum is used in sandpaper and grinding • Fluorine is used in glass etchings. tools. • Isotopes are used in PET scans to produce cross- • Aluminum is used to make fire bricks for ovens and sectional pictures of portions of the body. furnaces. • Aluminum is used to protect spark plugs and (Ne) transistors. • Neon is used in lights because it glows in an orange • Aluminum is used in cosmetics for creams and or red color. lotions. • Neon is used to liquefy air because of its low boiling • Aluminum makes several jewelry items such as point. rubies and sapphires. • Aluminum can conduct electricity. It is used in wires, reflectors, resistors, antennas, and solar mirrors.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 33 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet

Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet (cont.)

Aluminum (continued) (S) • When combined with , it is used in construction • Sulfur is used as a food preservative. material. • Sulfur dioxide is used as an additive to wine and • Aluminum is used to make drink cans, pots, and fruit. pans. • Sulfur dioxide is used to make paper. • Aluminum can be recycled. • Sulfuric acid is a compound of sulfur that is used • Aluminum is used in some doors, screens, house in fertilizers. siding, and window frames. • Sulfuric acid is also used in car batteries and to remove rust from metals. (Si) • Many sulfur products are used in making rubber, • Makes up gemstones such as opal, amethyst, detergents, and paints. agate, and jasper. • Sulfur is used in gunpowder. • Silicon makes up flint, which ancients used for tools and weapons. Chlorine (Cl) • Ancients also used flint to start their fires. • Chlorine was used in World War I as a poison • Silicon makes up quartz, which is used in clocks gas. and watches. • Chlorine is used as a germ killer in swimming pools • Quartz crystals are used for control devices for and water supplies. television and radio transmitters. • Chlorine is used in bleach. • Silicon is used in the production of glass, • Chlorine is used to make plastic pipes. eyeglass lenses, and lenses for telescopes and • Hydrochloric acid is a chlorine compound used for microscopes. cleaning the rust off metal. It is found naturally in • Pyrex™ glass is made from a combination of the stomach and helps digest food. silicon and boron. Pyrex™ is used in baking dishes, • Chlorine is used in insecticides. measuring cups, beakers, and test tubes. • Chlorine was used in air conditioners and • Silicon is used to make ceramics, pottery, and refrigerators until recently when it was discovered china. that chlorine is a pollutant. • Silicon is used in transistors and solar cells. • Silicon is used in cosmetic surgery. (Ar) • Silicon chips are used in computers to store • Argon is the gas used to fill light bulbs and information. fluorescent bulbs. • Argon is used as a gas in welding. (P) • Argon is used in Geiger counters, devices that • Phosphorus is used to make materials glow, such sense radiation. as lights, glow-in-the-dark clocks, watches, and • Isotopes are used in dating rocks and fossils. toys. • Phosphorus is used in televisions to make the (K) image. • Potassium is a nutrient in plants. It is essential for • Phosphorus is an important nutrient in the body. It plant growth. It is used in plant fertilizers. produces strong teeth and bones. • Potassium is used in scuba tanks to produce • Phosphorus is used in laundry soaps and other oxygen. detergents. • Potassium is used to make batteries and liquid soap. • Potassium is used in explosives and gunpowder.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 34 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet

Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet (cont.)

Potassium (continued) (Cr) • Potassium is used by humans as a valuable mineral • Chromium is used as a protective and decorative needed by the body. coating for other metals. Its most common use for • are used in dating rocks and this purpose is for vehicle bumpers and trim. fossils. • Chromium is used in the production of stainless steel. (Ca) • Chromium is used for coloring paints, cements, and • Calcium is a mineral needed in the human body for plaster. strong teeth and bones. • Chromium gives rubies their red color. Rubies are • Calcium is used as a medicine for heartburn. used in jewelry and lasers. • Calcium is used in building materials such as • Chromium compounds are used for tanning leather plaster and cement. and making high-quality recording tapes. • Calcium was used in lighting stages for plays and concerts. (Mn) • Calcium is used in the production of . • Manganese is used in hard steel for rifle barrels, • Calcium is a major component of marble, which is bank vaults, railroad tracks, and bulldozers. used for buildings and statues. • Manganese is used to purify public water supplies. (Sc) • Manganese is used to brighten pottery and • Scandium is used in aircraft construction ceramics. • Scandium is used in lights in football and baseball • Manganese compounds are used for batteries and stadiums. flashlights. • Isotopes are used to refine petroleum products. Iron (Fe) (Ti) • Iron is used in many products containing steel. Such • Titanium is used to house rockets and jet uses include cars, tools, appliances, chains, and engines. cooking utensils. • Titanium is used to make bicycle frames. • Iron is used in buildings, bridges, and towers. • Titanium is used to make pins for bone surgery • Iron is used in magnets. because it will not react with tissue. • Titanium is used as a sunscreen. (Co) • Titanium is used to give color to paint, paper, and • Cobalt is used to make blue glass. plastics. • Cobalt is used for high-speed drills and other cutting • Titanium was used by the navy in World War II as tools. a smoke screen to hide from the enemy. • Cobalt is used in some magnets. • Cobalt is an essential nutrient in the body for healthy (V) blood. • Vanadium is used to make a hard steel used in • are used in X-ray machines, for engine parts and cutting tools. cancer treatment, and for sterilizing food. • Oxides of vanadium are used as an oxygen source in making sulfuric acid. (Ni) • Vanadium steel is used in the structural parts of • Nickel makes up about 25% of the five-cent U.S. nuclear reactors. coin, the nickel. • Nickel is used to coat other metals. For example, nickel is used to coat the propeller shafts of boats.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 35 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet

Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet (cont.)

Nickel (continued) (Ge) • Nickel is used in the heating elements in toasters • Germanium chips are used in transistors and and electric ovens. computers. • Nickel is used in magnets. • Nickel is used in rechargeable batteries for (As) calculators, computers, and electric shavers. • Arsenic is used as a rat poison. • Arsenic is used as a weed killer and insecticide. Copper (Cu) • Arsenic was used by ancients as a yellow pigment. • Copper makes excellent water pipes and electrical Its color is similar to that of gold. wires. • Arsenic is useful as a medicine for many diseases, • Copper is used in many of the U.S. coins, including including skin diseases. coating the penny. • Arsenic is used in computers and light-emitting • Copper is used in buttons on police uniforms (that’s diodes (LEDs). LEDs are used in watches and the where the term for police, copper, or cop, came displays on many electronic devices. They are also from). used as light sources. • The Statue of Liberty is made in part of copper. • Copper is used in jewelry. (Se) • Copper is combined with other metals to make • Selenium is used in robotics. alloys, such as brass and bronze.These alloys • Selenium is used as a light detector in cameras are used to make a variety of products including and light meters. weapons, art pieces, and musical instruments, such • Selenium is used in photocopiers. as trumpets and trombones. • Studies have shown that small amounts of selenium • Copper is used in paint for ships. in the diet can prevent cancer and heart disease. • Selenium compounds are used in shampoos to (Zn) prevent dandruff. • Zinc is used to coat and protect steel in items like garbage cans and fences. (Br) • Zinc is used in batteries for flashlights, portable • Bromine compounds are used to remove radios, and radio-controlled toys. additives from gasoline. • Zinc is the chief metal in the penny, although it is • Bromine is used as a worm pesticide. coated with copper. • Bromine is used in the production of photographic • Zinc is combined with copper to form the alloy called film. brass, which has many uses. • Bromine was used in the past as a sedative. • Zinc compounds are used for many products, such as paint, sunscreen, photocopiers, television (Kr) screens, and computer monitors. • Krypton is a gas used in lights on signs and airport runway lights. (Ga) • Krypton is used in camera flashes and strobe • Gallium is used as a metal in thermometers. lights. • Gallium is used in lasers. • Gallium is used in the displays on watches and (Rb) audio disc players. • Rubidium is used in the manufacture of television • Gallium is being used to replace the silicon chips picture tubes. in high-power computers. • Rubidium has other lab and technical uses. • Isotopes are used in cancer treatment.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 36 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet

Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet (cont.)

Strontium (Sr) (Ru) • is used in fireworks and highway warning • Ruthenium is used to obtain hydrogen gas. flares. • Ruthenium is used in jewelry. • are used in detecting bone • Alloys of ruthenium are used for fountain pen points disease in the body. Some isotopes are also very and electrical contacts. dangerous and can cause bone disease. (Rh) (Y) • Rhodium is used in catalytic converters in cars to • Moon rocks are high in yttrium. prevent pollution. • Compounds of yttrium are used in television picture • Rhodium is used in car headlight reflectors. tubes. • Yttrium compounds are also used in laser cutting (Pd) tools. • Palladium is used in catalytic converters in cars to • Yttrium is used in superconductors that can elevate prevent pollution. other metals at cold temperatures. • Dentists use palladium for crowns on teeth. • Yttrium is used as a superconductor in trains. • Palladium is used in jewelry. Yttrium will be used for this purpose in the future. • Palladium is used to purify hydrogen gas. • Palladium is used to treat cancer tumors. (Zr) • Zirconium is used in space-vehicle parts. (Ag) • Zirconium is used in jewelry as a diamond • Silver is used to make jewelry. substitute. • Silver is used to coat mirrors. • Zirconium is used in control rods in nuclear • Silver is used to make utensils, such as forks and reactors. spoons. • Silver makes photographic film and paper. (Nb) • Dentists use silver in tooth fillings. • Niobium is used in the construction of nuclear • Silver is used to make coins. reactors. • Silver is used to make wires. • Niobium is used as a superconductor in trains. • Silver compounds are used to develop photographs • Niobium is used in scanners in hospitals for and in photochromic sunglasses. detecting disease. • Compounds of silver are also used to seed clouds • Niobium is put into stainless steel used for aircraft, and make rain. cutting tools, and spacecraft. (Cd) (Mo) • Cadmium is used to coat and protect steel. • Molybdenum is used in steel to make car and plane • Cadmium is poisonous to the human body. It can engine parts, guns, and cannons. cause kidney failure and high blood pressure. • are used to make It is found in tobacco leaves, so cigarettes and and used in hospitals for detecting secondhand smoke have trace amounts of disease. cadmium. • Cadmium is used in batteries. Technetium (Tc) • Cadmium is used in control rods in nuclear power • Technetium is used to detect the damage to the plants. heart during a heart attack. • Cadmium is used in overhead sprinkler systems in many factories, businesses, and homes.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 37 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet

Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet (cont.)

Indium (In) Cesium (Cs) • is used in transistors and photo cells. • Cesium is used by firefighters in areas where toxic • Indium foils are used to control nuclear reactions fumes are released. Cesium reacts with water to in nuclear reactors. produce the oxygen needed to breathe. • Cesium is used in television picture tubes. (Sn) • Isotopes of cesium are used in atomic clocks. • Tin is used in foils and cans. • Tin is used to make solder, which is used to join or (Ba) patch metal. • Compounds of barium are used to find diseases in • Tin is used to make electrical connections. the intestine. • Pewter is an alloy of tin that is used in utensils, art • Barium metal is used to make spark plugs. pieces, bowls, and plates. • Other compounds of barium are used in photographic • Other alloys of tin are used in printing and paper, writing paper, and plastic. ceramics. (La) (Sb) • Lanthanum is used in search lights, movie • Antimony is used in matches. projectors, and studio lighting. • Antimony is used to make wastewater pipes. • Lanthanum isotopes are used in nuclear • Antimony is added to the plastic that makes credit reactions. cards. • Compounds of antimony are used in electrical in- (Ce) sulation. • Cerium compounds are used to line self-cleaning ovens and to polish lenses for cameras and (Te) telescopes. • Tellurium is added to other metals, such as copper • Cerium is used in searchlights and movie or stainless steel, to make them easier to work projectors. with. (Pr) (I) • Praseodymium is used in search lights and movie • Iodine is used to kill germs in small cuts. projectors. • Iodine tablets are used to purify water. • Compounds of praseodymium are used in car parts, • Iodine is an important nutrient in the diet. The thyroid jet parts, and paints as a yellow coloring. gland in the throat uses iodine. Iodine is often added to salt and animal feed for this purpose. (Nd) • When combined with silver, iodine is used in • Neodymium is used to make colored glass, which developing photographic film and cloud seeding. is used in welders’ goggles and certain lasers. • An of iodine is used for testing the thyroid • Neodymium is used to make some of the world’s gland for disease. most powerful magnets. These magnets are used to tell if paper money is counterfeit. Xenon (Xe) • Xenon is a gas used in lights and camera (Pm) flashes. • Isotopes of promethium are used to produce heat in nuclear-powered batteries. • Promethium isotopes are used to produce X-rays in portable X-ray machines.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 38 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet

Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet (cont.)

Samarium (Sm) (Tm) • is used to make permanent magnets. • Thulium is used in lasers. • Samarium is used in carbon-arc lighting for the • Thulium is used in portable X-rays for medical motion picture industry. examinations and for detecting stress in metal machinery. (Eu) • Europium is used in color televisions and color (Yb) computer monitors. • Ytterbium alloys are used to make stainless steel • Europium is used in fluorescent lamps. stronger for use in dental instruments. • Ytterbium is used in synthetic jewelry. (Gd) • Gadolinium is used to make steel. (Lu) • Gadolinium is used in color televisions and • Isotopes of lutetium are used for determining the computer monitors. age of meteors and refining petroleum. • Gadolinium is used by airline inspectors to detect flaws in the aircraft. (Hf) • Gadolinium is used in X-ray screens. • Hafnium is used in control rods to control nuclear • are used in nuclear power reactions in nuclear-powered submarines. plants for control rods as neutron absorbers.

Terbium (Tb) (Ta) • Compounds of are used in lasers. • Tantalum is used in medical surgery for hip joint • Terbium compounds are used to produce the green replacement, plates for replacing parts of the skull, color in televisions and computer monitors. and screws and staples for holding together broken • Alloys of terbium are used in compact discs and fragments of bones. X-ray screens. • Alloys of tantalum are used for aircraft parts, nuclear reactors, missiles, and medical and dental (Dy) instruments. • Dysprosium is used in color televisions and • Tantalum is used in camera lenses. lamps. • It is used in the circuits of cellular phones and small • Dysprosium alloy is used to make compact discs computers. function more effectively. • Isotopes of dysprosium are being considered for (W) use in control rods in nuclear power plants as • Tungsten is used in light bulbs. neutron absorbers. • Tungsten is used in television tubes and computer monitors. (Ho) • Compounds of tungsten are used on the blades of • Holmium is used as a yellow color in glass. high-speed cutting tools. (Er) (Re) • Erbium is used to color glass and enamel glass • Rhenium is used in electrical switches pink. • Rhenium is used in instruments that measure very • Erbium is used in sunglasses and inexpensive high temperatures. jewelry. • Rhenium is used in welding rods. • Erbium is used in telephone networks. • Isotopes of rhenium are used to estimate the age • Erbium is often added to metals to make them of the universe. easier to work with.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 39 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet

Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet (cont.)

Osmium (Os) (Tl) • Alloys of are used in fountain-pen tips. • Thallium was used to treat skin conditions. • Osmium is used in phonograph needles and • Thallium was used in rat poison and as an electrical switches. insecticide, but because it is so toxic, it has been banned from use in the United States. (Ir) • Thallium may cause cancer. • Iridium is used in hypodermic needles. • Isotopes of thallium are used by doctors to find • Iridium is used in rocket engines. diseases in the body.

Platinum (Pt) Lead (Pb) • is used to make jewelry. • In ancient times, lead was used in coins, sculpture, • Pure platinum is used in refining oil, dental and pipes. instruments, ceramics, and the electrical and • Lead metal is used today in batteries, solder, and electronics industries. television screens. • Platinum metal is used in glass tubes and bulbs. • Compounds of lead were used in paint and • Platinum is used in pacemakers for the human gasoline, but because of the high toxicity, they are heart. no longer used for these purposes. • Platinum is used in thin sheets to make missiles, • Oxides of lead are used to make decorative glass jet engines, and razor blades. called crystal. • Platinum is used in car parts. • Alloys of lead are used for printing type and as a • Platinum compounds are used to treat cancer. radiation shield in nuclear power plants and X-ray machines. Gold (Au) • are used to determine the age of • Gold is used for money in the form of coins and rocks. bars. • Gold is used by dentists to fill teeth. (Bi) • Gold is used to coat large glass plates and • Compounds of bismuth are used to treat ulcers in the spacecraft. stomach and as a yellow pigment in cosmetics. • Gold is used to make jewelry, such as rings and • Alloys of bismuth are used in fire alarms, fire necklaces. sprinkler systems, and for casting and molding • are used to treat certain types of other metals. cancer. (Po) Mercury (Hg) • Polonium is used in nuclear batteries for space • Mercury is used in the home for thermometers, equipment. barometers, thermostats, silent switches, and • are used on dust-removal fluorescent bulbs. brushes and photographic film. • Mercury vapor is used in street lights and security lights. (At) • Mercury is used to refine ores containing gold. • Astatine has no commercial uses. • Mercury compounds are used as pesticides • In lab experiments astatine is known to cause because they kill fungus and insects. cancer in laboratory animals. • Mercury is used for making blasting caps. • Scientists believe astatine is taken up by the thyroid • Mercury is used in batteries. gland and may have a medical use in the future.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 40 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet

Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet (cont.)

Radon (Rn) (Np) • gas is toxic and can build up in homes. • Isotopes of neptunium are used in atomic bomb Radon detectors are suggested in homes where research, to make for atomic bombs, and little or no fresh air gets in. were used as a power source for equipment on the • Radon gas can cause lung cancer. moon. • Smoking a cigarette can be a source of harmful radon gas. Plutonium (Pu) • Radon isotopes are used in cancer treatment. • Isotopes are used in atomic bombs, nuclear reactors, and space exploration. (Fr) • Francium has no known uses because of its high (Am) radioactivity and the small amounts of it that are • Americium is used in smoke detectors. available. It is estimated that less than an ounce of • are used in nuclear reactors, francium exists in the earth’s crust. airplane fuel gauges, and oil wells.

Radium (Ra) (Cm) • was used in paint for watches to make the • Curium was used to analyze moon soils. numbers glow in the dark until radiation was better • Curium is used to power satellites. understood. • Curium was the alpha particle source for the • Radium is used to treat cancer. spectrometer on the Mars Rover.

Actinium (Ac) (Bk) • There are few uses for because it is • Berkelium has no uses because it is radioactive radioactive and very rare. and decays very quickly. • It is used in neutron production. (Cf) (Th) • Californium isotopes are used to log oil wells. • Thorium has the potential to be a source of nuclear • It is a good source of neutrons. energy in the future. • Thorium is used in camping lanterns. (Es) • Thorium oxide is used in high-quality camera lenses • Einsteinium has no uses because it is very rare, and scientific equipment. radioactive, and decays very quickly.

Protactinium (Pa) (Fm) • has no known uses because it is • Fermium has no uses because it is very rare, radioactive and extremely rare. radioactive, and half will decay in less than a day.

Uranium (U) (Md) • In ancient times uranium was used to color glass • Mendelevium has no uses because it is very rare, and ceramics. radioactive, and half will decay in 77 minutes. • Uranium is used as a fuel in nuclear reactors. • Uranium isotopes are also used in glass for (No) ceramics, weapons, and shielding against more • Nobelium has no uses because it is extremely dangerous radiation. rare, radioactive, and half will decay in less than an hour.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 41 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet

Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: The Uses of the Elements Booklet (cont.)

Lawrencium (Lr) (Cn) • There are no uses for because it is • Copernicium has no uses because it is extremely extremely rare, radioactive, and half will decay in rare, radioactive, and almost nothing is known about 30 seconds. this element.

Rutherfordium (Rf) Ununquadium (Uuq) • There are no uses for because it is • Ununquadium has no uses because it is extremely extremely rare, radioactive, and half will decay in rare, radioactive, and almost nothing is known about 62 seconds. this element. It decays in less than a second.

Dubnium (Db) Ununhexium (Uuh) • There are no uses for because it is • Ununhexium has no uses because it is extremely extremely rare, radioactive, and half will decay in rare, radioactive, and almost nothing is known about 34 seconds. this element. It decays in less than a second.

Seaborgium (Sg) • has no uses because it is extremely rare, radioactive, and half will decay in less than a second.

Bohrium (Bh) • has no uses because it is extremely rare, radioactive, and almost nothing is known about it.

Hassium (Hs) • has no uses because it is extremely rare, radioactive, and almost nothing is known about this element.

Meitnerium (Mt) • has no uses because it is extremely rare, radioactive, and almost nothing is known about this element.

Darmstadtium (Ds) • has no uses because it is extremely rare, radioactive, and almost nothing is known about this element.

Roentgenium (Rg) • has no uses because it is extremely rare, radioactive, and almost nothing is known about this element.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 42 Elements and the Periodic Table Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table—Transparency Master

Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table —Element Uses Example Transparency Master

6 C Carbon

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Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table Cutouts

1 H 37 Rb 4 Be Hydrogen Rubidium Beryllium

3 Li 55 Cs 12 Mg Lithium Cesium Magnesium

11 Na 87 Fr 20 Ca Sodium Francium Calcium

19 K 38 Sr Potassium Strontium

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Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table Cutouts

56 Ba 21 Sc 22 Ti Barium Scandium Titanium

88 Ra 39 Y 40 Zr Radium Yttrium Zirconium

57 La 72 Hf Lanthanum Hafnium

89 Ac 104 Rf Actinium Rutherfordium

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Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table Cutouts

23 V 24 Cr 25 Mn Vanadium Chromium Manganese

41 Nb 42 Mo 43 Tc Niobium Molybdenum Technetium

73 Ta 74 W 75 Re Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium

105 Db 106 Sg 107 Bh Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium

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Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table Cutouts

26 Fe 27 Co 28 Ni Iron Cobalt Nickel

44 Ru 45 Rh 46 Pd Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium

76 Os 77 Ir 78 Pt Osmium Iridium Platinum

108 Hs 109 Mt 110 Ds Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium

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Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table Cutouts

29 Cu 30 Zn 5 B Copper Zinc Boron

47 Ag 48 Cd 13 Al Silver Cadmium Aluminum

79 Au 80 Hg 31 Ga Gold Mercury Gallium

111 Rg 112 Cn 49 In Roentgenium Copernicium Indium

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Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table Cutouts

6 C 7 N 81 Tl Carbon Nitrogen Thallium

14 Si 15 P 82 Pb Silicon Phosphorus Lead

32 Ge 33 As 83 Bi Germanium Arsenic Bismuth

50 Sn 51 Sb 114 Uuq Tin Antimony Ununquadium

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Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table Cutouts

8 O 9 F 84 Po Oxygen Fluorine Polonium

16 S 17 Cl 85 At Sulfur Chlorine Astatine

34 Se 35 Br 116 Uuh Selenium Bromine Ununhexium

52 Te 53 I Tellurium Iodine

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Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table Cutouts

2 He 54 Xe Helium Xenon

10 Ne Neon

18 Ar Argon

36 Kr 86 Rn Krypton Radon

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Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table Cutouts

58 Ce 59 Pr 60 Nd Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium

90 Th 91 Pa 92 U Thorium Protactinium Uranium

61 Pm 62 Sm 63 Eu Promethium Samarium Europium

93 Np 94 Pu 95 Am Neptunium Plutonium Americium

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Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table Cutouts

64 Gd 65 Tb 66 Dy Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium

96 Cm 97 Bk 98 Cf Curium Berkelium Californium

67 Ho 68 Er 69 Tm Holmium Erbium Thulium

99 Es 100 Fm 101 Md Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium

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Chapter 2: Uses of Elements: Create a Table Cutouts

70 Yb 71 Lu Ytterbium Lutetium

102 No 103 Lr Nobelium Lawrencium

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Periodic Table A

Periodic Table B

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CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 103 Elements and the Periodic Table The Element Game: Rules

The Element Game: Rules

How to Play the Game:

1. Each player in the group selects one token and receives ten Mendeleyev coins.

2. Each player places his or her token on the start (hydrogen) space on the element game board.

3. Everybody rolls the dice to see who goes first. The highest number goes first. Turns proceed to the right of the person who starts.

4. Roll the dice. Move that many spaces and do what it says on each element on the board.

5. Free spaces: If you land on a free space, your turn is over. You don’t have to do anything.

6. Card spaces: If you land on a card space, have another person in the group draw a card from that category (property, history, family, or use). That person will read the question to you. You must answer the question in ten seconds. If you answer the question correctly, you will receive one Mendeleyev coin. If you answer incorrectly, you must pay one Mendeleyev coin. If you fail to answer the question in the ten seconds, you must pay two Mendeleyev coins.

7. Roll again spaces: You must roll the dice again.

8. Go back spaces: You must go back the number of spaces indicated on the board.

9. Advance spaces: You must advance your token to the element indicated on the board.

10. Ending the Game: A. The first person to complete the board by reaching element 118 exactly becomes the reader and will read all further questions. The first person to finish will also receive three Mendeleyev coins. B. If you do not land on element 118 exactly, you must go back to your last space and remain in the game until you land on element 118. C. As each person finishes, he or she may help with reading the questions. D. The second player to finish will receive two Mendeleyev coins. Each person who finishes after the second finisher will receive one Mendeleyev coin when they land on element 118.

11. Winning the game: When all players have finished the board, the person with the most Men- deleyev coins wins.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 104 Elements and the Periodic Table The Element Game: Game Tokens

The Element Game: Game Tokens

Element Game Token Element Game Token Element Game Token

Element Game Token Element Game Token Element Game Token

Element Game Token Element Game Token Element Game Token

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The Element Game: Mendeleyev Coins

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 106 Elements and the Periodic Table The Element Game: Game Cards

The Element Game: Game Cards

Element History Element History What year did Glen Seaborg Which scientist discovered nuclear discover plutonium? fission with her nephew Otto Frisch? A. 1898 A. Marie Curie B. 1921 B. Shirley Jackson C. 1941 C. Irene Joliot-Curie D. 1961 D. Lise Meitner (Answer: C. 1941) (Answer: D. Lise Meitner)

Element History Element History Marie and Pierre Curie discovered two Which of the following elements was new elements in 1889. They were radium discovered on the sun before it was and . discovered on earth? A. Actinium A. Helium B. Neon B. Hydrogen C. Plutonium C. Technetium D. Polonium D. Uranium (Answer: D. Polonium) (Answer: A. Helium)

Element History Element History All of these elements were known by What war ended with the use of ancient civilizations except . atomic bombs? A. Carbon A. World War I B. Gold B. World War II C. Iodine C. The Korean Conflict D. Sulfur D. The Vietnam Crisis (Answer: C. Iodine) (Answer: B. World War II)

Element History Element History When did the most serious nuclear What year was the first nuclear accident in the U.S. happen at Three power station opened? Mile Island in Pennsylvania? A. 1947 A. 1945 B. 1957 B. 1954 C. 1965 C. 1979 D. 1977 D. 1997 (Answer: B. 1957) (Answer: C. 1979)

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 107 Elements and the Periodic Table The Element Game: Game Cards

Element History Element History Which element was used by the What year did the California Gold ancient Egyptians, in the form of Rush begin? borax, to make mummies? A. 1848 A. Arsenic B. 1865 B. Carbon C. 1900 C. Chlorine D. 1936 D. Sodium (Answer: A. 1848) (Answer: D. Sodium)

Element History Element History What element did the ancient What element did ancient Romans alloy with copper to alchemists think they could make make armor? into gold? A. Chromium A. Carbon B. Iron B. Lead C. Nickel C. Silver D. Zinc D. Zinc (Answer: D. Zinc) (Answer: B. Lead)

Element History Element History What element was found in 1669 What year did the hydrogen because it glowed in distilled urine? balloon Hindenburg explode and A. Fluorine kill 35 people? B. Phosphorus A. 1783 C. Radium B. 1937 D. Uranium C. 1956 (Answer: B. Phosphorus) D. 1981 (Answer: B. 1937)

Element History Element History What element was used by ancient What element known by the ancients Chinese civilizations as an explosive? began to be used, in about 1946, to A. Carbon date rocks and fossils? B. Hydrogen A. Boron C. Magnesium B. Carbon D. Sulfur C. Lead (Answer: D. Sulfur) D. Silicon (Answer: B. Carbon)

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Element Properties Element Properties At room temperature The two elements that are liquid at room most elements are . temperature are bromine and . A. Gases A. Alcohol B. Liquids B. Iodine C. Solids C. Mercury (Answer: C. Solids) D. Water (Answer: C. Mercury)

Element Properties Element Properties Which of the following elements is This is a friendly element. It will a metalloid? bond with almost every other element. A. Fluorine A. Chlorine B. Iron B. Iron C. Silicon C. Oxygen D. Sodium D. Silver (Answer: C. Silicon) (Answer: C. Oxygen)

Element Properties Element Properties All of the isotopes of this Metals can be pounded into element are radioactive. shapes and are good conductors A. Barium of heat and . B. Cesium A. Electricity C. Radium B. Isotopes D. Strontium C. Magnetism (Answer: C. Radium) D. Radiation (Answer: A. Electricity)

Element Properties Element Properties When iron reacts with oxygen, it The atomic number of an forms . element is the same as the . A. A magnet A. B. An isotope B. Atomic mass number C. Cobalt metal C. Element family D. Rust D. Number of protons (Answer: D. Rust) (Answer: D. Number of protons)

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 109 Elements and the Periodic Table The Element Game: Game Cards

Element Properties Element Properties Which of the following elements can Which of the following gases has a be found in nature in its pure form? yellow color and an irritating odor? A. Chromium A. Chlorine B. Gold B. Helium C. Sodium C. Hydrogen D. Zinc D. Oxygen (Answer: B. Gold) (Answer: A. Chlorine)

Element Properties Element Properties Which of the following gases is Which element is the most highly flammable? abundant element in the earth’s A. Helium crust? B. Hydrogen A. Aluminum C. Krypton B. Carbon D. Neon C. Oxygen (Answer: B. Hydrogen) D. Silicon (Answer: C. Oxygen)

Element Properties Element Properties Which element is the most Which element is the most common element in the human common element in the body? universe? A. Carbon A. Helium B. Hydrogen B. Hydrogen C. Oxygen C. Oxygen D. Nitrogen D. Titanium (Answer: B. Hydrogen) (Answer: B. Hydrogen)

Element Properties Element Properties What results when two or more Diamonds are the hardest substances elements combine chemically? known. What element makes A. Allotropes diamonds? B. Alloys A. Carbon C. Compounds B. Chromium D. Isotopes C. Iron (Answer: C. Compounds) D. Uranium (Answer: A. Carbon)

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Uses of Elements Uses of Elements Which element is used to make I’m the element used in blimps today. drink cans? I am . A. Aluminum A. Chlorine B. Lead B. Helium C. Iron C. Hydrogen D. Tin D. Neon (Answer: A. Aluminum) (Answer: B. Helium)

Uses of Elements Uses of Elements Which element gives emeralds Which of the following gases their color? makes up 78% of air? A. Carbon A. Carbon Dioxide B. Beryllium B. Nitrogen C. Silicon C. Oxygen D. Zirconium D. Water Vapor (Answer: B. Beryllium) (Answer: B. Nitrogen)

Uses of Elements Uses of Elements Which element am I? I’m used to Which of the following elements is make fireworks. used as a superconductor? A. Chromium A. Aluminum B. Krypton B. Carbon C. Magnesium C. Hydrogen D. Neon D. Yttrium (Answer: C. Magnesium) (Answer: D. Yttrium)

Uses of Elements Uses of Elements Who am I? I’m used to make non-stick Which of the following elements is coating for pots and pans. used in swimming pools to kill germs? A. Aluminum A. Arsenic B. Fluorine B. Boron C. Mercury C. Chlorine D. Silicon D. Uranium (Answer: B. Fluorine) (Answer: C. Chlorine)

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Uses of Elements Uses of Elements This element is used as the main Who am I? I am used to find fuel in nuclear power plants. diseases in the thyroid gland. A. Mercury A. Barium B. Neptunium B. Iodine C. Plutonium C. Radium D. Uranium D. Rhodium (Answer: D. Uranium) (Answer: B. Iodine)

Uses of Elements Uses of Elements Who am I? I’m used in water Who am I? I make up about 25% pipes, wires, coins, and I coat of the U.S. five-cent piece. a U.S. penny. A. Copper A. Copper B. Nickel B. Gold C. Silver C. Silver D. Steel D. Zinc (Answer: B. Nickel) (Answer: A. Copper)

Uses of Elements Uses of Elements Which of the following elements is Who are we? We are the two used to make the filament in light elements that make up water. bulbs? A. Carbon and Mercury A. Antimony B. Hydrogen and Oxygen B. Argon C. Hydrogen and Water C. Chromium D. Oxygen and Silicon D. Tungsten (Answer: B. Hydrogen and Oxygen) (Answer: D. Tungsten)

Uses of Elements Uses of Elements Who am I? I’m very good at detecting Who are we? We are the two smoke in your house. elements used to make regular table A. Americium salt. B. Nitrogen A. Chlorine and Sodium C. Sulfur B. Hydrogen and Oxygen D. Thorium C. Iodine and Potassium (Answer: A. Americium) D. Lead and Lithium (Answer: A. Chlorine and Sodium)

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Element Families Element Families Which of the following families contains Which of the following families will boron, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen? burn your skin if you touch them? A. Alkali Metals A. Actinides B. BCNO Group B. Alkali Metals C. Lanthanides C. Alkaline Earth Metals D. Noble Gases D. Transition Elements (Answer: B. BCNO Group) (Answer: B. Alkali Metals)

Element Families Element Families This family is found on the very Name the family that is found on the bottom of the Periodic Table. far left-hand side of the Periodic Table. A. Actinides A. Alkali Metals B. Halogens B. BCNO Group C. Lanthanides C. Halogens D. Transition Elements D. Noble Gases (Answer: A. Actinides) (Answer: A. Alkali Metals)

Element Families Element Families Which of the following families The elements of this family are contains all metals? found together in nature. A. BCNO Group A. Actinides B. Halogens B. BCNO Group C. Noble Gases C. Halogens D. Transition Elements D. Lanthanides (Answer: D. Transition Elements) (Answer: D. Lanthanides)

Element Families Element Families Which of the following families is Which of the following families is the made up of poisonous nonmetals? least reactive of all element families? A. Alkali Metals A. Alkali Metals B. Alkaline Earth Metals B. Halogens C. Halogens C. Noble Gases D. Lanthanides D. Transition Elements (Answer: C. Halogens) (Answer: C. Noble Gases)

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Element Families Element Families Which of the following families has every Which element family is found on member radioactive? the far right-hand side of the A. Actinides Periodic Table? B. Lanthanides A. Alkali Metals C. Noble Gases B. Halogens D. Transition Elements C. Lanthanides (Answer: A. Actinides) D. Noble Gases (Answer: D. Noble Gases)

Element Families Element Families This family is used in fireworks Calcium and magnesium belong to because they burn in bright colors. this family. A. Alkaline Earth Metals A. Actinides B. Halogens B. Alkali Metals C. Lanthanides C. Alkaline Earth Metals D. Transition Elements D. BCNO Group (Answer: A. Alkaline Earth Metals) (Answer: C. Alkaline Earth Metals)

Element Families Element Families Which is the largest (most members) This family combines with the alkali element family? metals to form salts. A. Actinides A. Actinides B. Lanthanides B. Alkaline Earth Metals C. Halogens C. Halogens D. Transition Elements D. Noble Gases (Answer: D. Transition Elements) (Answer: C. Halogens)

Element Families Element Families This group is sometimes divided This metal family will make a spark into two or even four families. when it is struck. A. BCNO Group A. Alkali Metals B. Halogens B. Alkaline Earth Metals C. Lanthanides C. Lanthanides D. Transition Elements D. Transition Elements (Answer: A. BCNO Group) (Answer: C. Lanthanides)

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 114 Elements and the Periodic Table Elements and the Periodic Table: Test

Elements and the Periodic Table: Test

Directions: Use the Periodic Table to answer the following questions about elements and the Periodic Table.

Part I. Matching: Match the choices to the statements. Use each choice once.

1. The number of protons in an atom A. Alchemists 2. Elements that are made in the lab B. Atomic Number 3. Elements that give off particles C. Atoms 4. He drew the first Periodic Table. D. Compound 5. A positively charged particle in an atom E. Elements 6. Tiny structures found in all matter F. Element Families 7. The vertical columns in the Periodic Table G. Gas 8. The horizontal rows in the Periodic Table H. Liquid 9. Only bromine and mercury are this state of matter I. Mendeleyev at room temperature. J. Metals 10. These substances are made of one kind of K. Metalloids atom. L. Mixture 11. Two or more elements or compounds physically M. Nonmetals together N. Periods 12. Hydrogen, helium, and chlorine are in this state O. Periodic Table of matter. P. Proton 13. This shows all the elements organized by their Q. Radioactive properties. R. Solid 14. Two or more atoms that are chemically bonded S. Symbol 15. Elements that have characteristics of both metals T. Synthetic and nonmetals 16. Most of the elements are in this state of matter at room temperature. 17. Every element has one of these. It usually has two letters, but some have one or three letters. 18. These conduct heat and electricity. They have a shiny luster. They can be pounded into shapes or drawn into wires. 19. They tried to combine science and magic. They tried to change lead into gold. They discovered the scientific method. 20. These are poor conductors of heat and electricity. They have a dull luster. When pounded, they form powders or get shattered.

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 115 Elements and the Periodic Table Elements and the Periodic Table: Test

Elements and the Periodic Table: Test (cont.)

Part II. Know Your Symbols: Write the symbols for each of the following elements in the space provided.

21. Iron 26. Potassium 22. Calcium 27. Silver 23. Iodine 28. Helium 24. Magnesium 29. Phosphorus 25. Uranium 30. Carbon

Part III. Element Families: Below is a list of characteristics and examples of the element families. Write the name of the element family in the space provided. Use the family once or more than once.

31. These elements are all tasteless, colorless, and odorless gases. 32. These elements are all radioactive. 33. These elements are good conductors of heat and electricity, like gold and silver. 34. These soft metals will burn your skin. 35. These reactive metals will produce a spark when they are struck. 36. Metals like calcium and magnesium belong to this family 37. This family has members that are metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. 38. These combine with alkali metals to form salts. 39. Metals like iron, copper, and zinc belong to this large family. 40. This family is found in the far right column of the Periodic Table.

Part IV. Uses: Write one use for each of the following elements.

41. Aluminum 42. Hydrogen 43. Argon 44. Silicon 45. Americium 46. Lithium 47. Carbon 48. Fluorine 49. Gold 50. Tungsten

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Elements and the Periodic Table: Test (cont.)

Part V. Time Line: Below is a list of synthetic elements and their discovery dates. Use a ruler to construct a time line showing each element and its discovery date. Do not write in the grading sec- tion. This is for teacher use only.

Synthetic Elements Grading Section

Element Discovery Date Scale (2) Berkelium 1949 Title (2) Curium 1944 Neatness (2) Einsteinium 1952 Completeness (2) Lawrencium 1961 Correct (2) Plutonium 1940 Total (out of 10)

Time Line Title

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Elements and the Periodic Table: Test (cont.)

Part VI. Graphing: Below is a list of elements and compounds that are found in the air and their percentages. Use a ruler to construct a bar graph of those elements and compounds and their percentages. Do not write in the grading section. This is for teacher use only.

Elements in the Air Grading Section

Element Percentage Title (2) Nitrogen 78.00% Neatness (2) Oxygen 20.90% Scale and Label (2) Argon 0.90% Plan (2) Others 0.17% Correct (2) Carbon dioxide 0.03% Total (out of 10)

Graph Title

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3. Safety goggles, aprons, ammonium phosphate, am- 21. Balloons monium carbonate, barium chloride, calcium chloride, 22. Compact discs lithium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, 23. Nuclear fuel strontium chloride, test tubes, test tube rack, Barnes 24. Jewelry bottles, and distilled water 25. Bones and teeth 4. Add five drops of barium chloride to a test tube. Add 26. Light bulbs three drops of ammonium carbonate to the barium chloride. Shake the test tube and observe. Record Part III: Answers will vary. Here are a few possibilities. on a data table whether the reaction formed a pre- 27. Fireworks cipitate or not. Clean the test tube and repeat the 28. Pipes, wires, coins, cars, and bicycles experiment, substituting ammonium phosphate for 29. Flints and glass ammonium carbonate. Record the results. Repeat 30. Light bulbs the entire experiment five times, substituting calcium chloride, lithium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium Part IV: Answers will vary. Here are a few possibilities. chloride, and strontium chloride for barium chloride. 31. Soft, silvery-white metals 5. Alkaline earth metals form a precipitate and alkali 32. High melting points and high densities metals do not. 33. Good conductors of heat and electricity 6. Different families of the Periodic Table react differently. 34. Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids Members of the same family will react the same. 35. Combine with alkali metals to form salts 7. Remaining alkali metals will react the same as lithium, 36. Colorless, odorless, and tasteless gases sodium, and potassium. 37. Produce a spark when struck 8. Remaining alkaline earth metals will react the same 38. Radioactive as barium, calcium, and strontium. 9. The compounds and the alkaline earth Part V: Answers will vary. metal compounds 10. Temperature, volume of chlorides, and ammonium Pages 115–118 - Elements of the Periodic Table Test compounds Part I. Matching: 1. B Page 89 - Families of Elements Poster Activity 2. T Answers will vary depending on the group and family. 3. Q 4. I Pages 97–98 - The Families of Elements Group Quiz 5. P Part I: 6. C 1. Transition elements 7. F 2. Noble gases 8. N 3. Lanthanides 9. H 4. Alkali metals 10. E 5. Halogens 11. L 6. Actinides 12. G 7. BCNO family 13. O 8. Alkaline earth metals 14. D 9. Actinides 15. K 10. BCNO family 16. R 11. Transition elements 17. S 12. BCNO family 18. J 13. Noble gases 19. A 14. Halogens 20. M 15. Alkali metals 16. Alkaline earth metals

Part II: Answers will vary. Here are a few possibilities. 17. Soda cans 18. Salt 19. Toothpaste 20. Thyroid treatment

CD-404185 ©Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 124 Elements and the Periodic Table Answer Keys

Part II. Know Your Symbols: Part VI. Graphing: 21. Fe Teacher check. Construction of graphs will vary. Here is 22. Ca one possibility. 23. I 24. Mg Elements in the Air 25. U 80 26. K 27. Ag 70 28. He 60 29. P 30. C 50 40 Part III. Element Families: 30

31. Noble Gases Percentage 32. Actinides 20 33. Transition elements 34. Alkali metals 10 35. Lanthanides 36. Alkaline earth metals Nitrogen Oxygen Argon Others Carbon 37. BCNO group Dioxide 38. Halogens Elements 39. Transition elements 40. Noble Gases

Part IV. Uses: Answers will vary. Here are a few possibilities. 41. Soda cans 42. Used in water 43. Light bulbs 44. Computer chips 45. Smoke detectors 46. Lubricants 47. Diamonds 48. Toothpaste 49. Money or jewelry 50. Light bulbs

Part V. Time Line: Teacher Check. Construction of time lines will vary. Ele- ments should be listed in chronological order.

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