To Milford, Via Shawnee and Bushkill. Mr. Dutot Predicted at the Time That

Home , Simon Snyder, Wonderful Land

27 0 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA to Milford, via Shawnee and Bushkill. Mr. Dutot predicted at the time that the mail would be brought from Easton on four-horse coaches, which prediction he lived to see fulfilled; and then again foretold its delivery in a railway coach, which became an established fact in the year 1857, sixteen years after his death. On the 22nd of January, 1854, a Presbyterian Church was organized at the Delaware Water Gap, to be called "the Church of the Mountain." The Rev. Horatio S. Howell was the first pastor and was greatly beloved by his people. He built the Glenwood House for a hoys' boarding-school in 1854-55. William and Clayton McMichael, of Philadelphia; Judge John N. Stewart, of Trenton and Hon. John B. Storm, of Stroudsburg, were among the pupils at this "Classical School." The church edifice was commenced in July, 1853, and was dedicated on the 29th of August, 1854. The congregation are greatly indebted to Mrs. Caroline E. G. Peale, a niece of Stephen Girard, to Dr. John Marshall Paul, of Belvidere and Matthew Baldwin, of Philadelphia, for their liberal assistance in erecting the church and in the deep interest manifested by them in the spiritual welfare of the community. Mr. Howell continued as pastor until March, 1862, when he was chosen chaplain of the Nineteenth Regiment, Penn- sylvania Volunteers and was killed by a rebel soldier, while attending to the sick and wounded at the hospital in Gettys- burg, July 1st, 1863. Samuel Alsop took possession of the Glenwood House soon after Mr. Howell left, in 1862. He continued it a few years as a boys' boarding-school and afterwards as a summer boarding house. Mr. Alsop was a fine scholar and greatly esteemed in the community. "Delaware Water Gap was one of the first Methodist vineyards planted north of the Blue Mountains," about 1800. The circuit reached from Easton to Stroudsburg and at one time was equal, if not ahead, of any others. The DELAWARE WATER GAP 271 meetings were held in private families and in the school- house, almost from the time the village had its existence. Rev. William Colbert, of blessed memory, was one of the ministers who preached at the Water Gap at an early date. This field was abandoned for a time and it was not until 1870 that the present Methodist Church was erected. In the preparation of this chapter on the Delaware Water Gap, the writer has drawn largely from material which her father, Luke Wills Brodhead, spent many years of his life collecting. He was most reluctant to give out any information concerning himself, so that it would seem but fitting and just, at this time, to pay tribute to one who (as Matthews said in the History of Wayne, Pike and Monroe Counties) was "the leading historical authority and writer in the Delaware Valley." One newspaper said of him: "Mr. Brodhead, by his careful and tireless researches, his reliable and interesting articles, has placed the people of this section and the generations that shall succeed them, under a lasting debt of gratitude." When he wrote the sketch of the DePuy family, a Pike County paper -said, "The article is replete with facts of interest, and no one in this section is better qualified than the writer of it, to illume the early history of this valley. His careful research, added to the fact that his life has been passed in it, makes his facile pen especially eloquent in portraying the events which surround the pioneers along the Delaware, in the home of the Minsi. " He was a patient student of the geological records engraved upon, or buried in, the rocks of the Delaware Valley. He was also an enthusiastic collector of Indian relies and made himself acquainted with the available history of the tribes which held possession of this region, when it was discovered by the white man. He gave many years of study into the history and genealogy of the Upper Delaware and Minisink Valley. His work in this direction secured him membership in many Historical 272 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

C-~ C)

'cl)

C-,

bE DELAWARE WATER GAP 2 73

Societies; he was also a member of the Geographical, Numismatic and Antiquarian Societies of Philadelphia and of the Sons of the Revolution. His published contributions comprise: a book, entitled, "The Delaware Water Gap, its Scenery, its Legends and its Early History;" also many "Historical Notes of the Minisink" and Sketches of prom- inent families in the early history of this region. - When Mr. Brodhead designed the Water Gap House, without a bar, he was looked upon by many business men as lacking in worldly wisdom. But he-proved that such a house was needed and could be successful, if rightly conducted. One of the pleasantest memories of him is as he would stand at the entrance of the hotel, tall and erect, to 'welcome the coming, speed the parting guest." It is most interesting, as well as instructive, to recall the stories of the past. In a "Historical Discourse on the Walpack Church," which the Rev. S. W. Mills preached at Bushkill, in 1874, he said, the duty of recalling the past was frequently spoken of in Scripture. Job said "Inquire, I pray thee, of the former age, and prepare thyself to the search of their fathers." Moses said to the Israelites, "Remember the days of old, consider the years of many generations" and Paul admonished the Hebrews to "Call to remembrance the former days." "The deeds of patriot- ism and piety performed by those who have preceded us, and who have served their day and generation, may well be held in remembrance by us and often recited for our own and others' good. This is so especially when those whose history we review have been placed in circumstances of great trial and hardship, and have been called to act their part amid dangers and perils and under manifold discour- agements and difficulties." We should hold our ancestors in veneration and be profoundly thankful for the heritage, they have passed on to us and should prove ourselves their worthy descendants. CHAPTER XV INDUSTRIES R. B. KELLER Monroe County is peculiarly adapted for Manufactur- ing purposes. It is only about fifty (50) miles from the great Anthracite Coal Fields of Lackawanna and Luzerne Counties, with direct rail communications with both fields, the Lackawanna to Scranton and the Erie to Wilkes-Barre. Thus we are especially favored in getting coal for manufacturing purposes. For those factories that prefer water-power, our num- erous streams provide such resources in great plenty and for others who use electric power we have a great plenty of that, being only a few miles from the source of supply. For such factories as use water for washing, dyeing, etc., the purity of the water of our springs and streams is unsurpassed. Because the main line of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, two branch lines of the great Erie System and one branch of the Pennsylvania railroad pass through Monroe County, we are highly favored in shipping facilities. Direct shipments can be made to nearly every where and raw materials brought in from all points, without transfer. All of our railroads are most cheerfully willing to run switches directly into the manufacturing plants and offer every facility possible in handling the shipments. In addition to the Manufacturing Industries, as listed with The Monroe County Manufacturers Association, Stroudsburg has the repair shops of two divisions of the Erie System, which give employment to two hundred men and one woman (201) as follows: Mechanical Department, W. H. Snyder, Master Mechanic, one hundred and eight men and one woman; Transportation Department, G. F. Darrohn, 274 INDUSTRIES 2 75

Trainmaster, thirty Engineers and Firemen and thirty Con- ductors and Brakemen. In the "Maintenance of Way De- partment " there are twenty-five men and in the Building and Bridge Department, E. Possinger, Foreman, six men. Since writing the above the Repair Shops have been moved to Little Ferry, N. J., and the force of the Mechani- cal Department has been reduced from one hundred and nine to thirty-two (32). The other Departments remain the same. We are indebted to The Manufacturers Association of Monroe County for the following table of Industries.

Members of The Manufacturers' Association of Monroe County-1926-1927

STROUDSBURG, PA.

Avg. No. Emp. H. B. Marsh & Son., Inc.-Foundry ------366------H. B. Marsh, President. Stroudsburg Cut Glass Co., Inc.-Cut Glass . - 5 J. H. Arbogast, President. Monroe Silk Mills-Ribbons ---- 150 F. W. Kimmerle, Manager Stanford JSilk Co.-Broad Silk - -80 .. Wm. A. Price, Superintendent Monroe Publishing Company-Publishers -- 46 N. A. Frantz, Manager The Tanite Company-Abrasives -.-.- 6 J. M. Austin, Manager The Stroudsburg Engine Works-Hoisting Machinery - 29 Thomas Werner, Manager Thomas Kitson & Son, Inc.-Woolen Mills- - 109 Frank B. Michaels, President E. N. Post-Lumber- 10 Traders Flour & Feed Co.-Feed Mills -- 4 H. C. Braerman, Manager Kistler Vinegar Works Co.-Vinegar -- 2 J. M. Kistler, President 27 6 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

Somers Knitting Company-Jersey Cloth - - 2 Francis Somers, President Pocono Ribbon Mills-Ribbons -10 William J. Hess, President Stroudsburg Water Supply Co.-Water Systems - - A. A. Holbrook, President Citizens Gas Company-Gas Works- 7 H. E. Sweeney Frisbie Lumber Company-Lumber and Mill Work -- 16 Morris Eyer, Manager Stroudsburg Septic Tank Co.-Concrete Tanks- - 6 Robert F. Kistler, President Star Ribbon Mfg. Co.-Ribbons - - 80 George Coulson, Superintendent Franklin Ribbon Mills-Ribbons- 75 Horace Levy, Superintendent Henry W. Galusha-Ribbons- - 5 A. S. Heller & Son-Feed Mills - - 2 Worthington Mower Company-Lawn Mowers- - 26 Penna. Power & Light Co.-Electric Power - -27 E. J. Kiefer, Superintendent Duntile Products Co. Concrete Blocks - - 5 Stroudsburg Silk Company-Silk Throwing - -40 Harry Oldorff, President Monroe Hosiery Mills-Full Fashioned Hosiery - - 40 Herman Sheer, Manager Sturdevant Manuf. Co.-White Toilet Seats - - 14 L. E. Sturdevant, President LaBars' Rhododendron Nursery-Plants and Trees - 40 W. K. LaBar, President Niagara Steel Wire Co.-All kinds of wire - - 30 C. S. Madison, Manager

EAST STROUDSBUIRG

International Boiler Works Co.-Boilers & Tanks - 90 Charles R. Turn, Treas. & Gen. Mgr. East Stroudsburg Lumber Co.-Lumber & Mill Work --- 28 L. S. Hoffman, President A. W. Kistler & Sons-Hosiery - 65 A. W. Kistler INDUSTRIES 277

Elk Tanning Company-Tanning - - 50 M. A. Schultz, Superintendent J. M. Wyckoff-Feed Mills- 6 F. A. Wyckoff Patterson-Kelley Company-Hot Water Heaters -- 50 Olaf S. Pedersen, Manager Galvanized Products Co.-Pole Line Hdw - - 36 Mr. Piel, Manager The Metal Crafters, Inc.-Bathroom Fixtures - - 90 Fred Weber, Superintendent Fellows-Huber Company-Broad Silks -- 82 Charles L. Fellows, President R. C. Cramer Lumber Co.-Lumber & Mill Work -15 R. C. Cramer, Manager Lenape Silk Company-Broad Silks - - 63 Harry Olldorf, President L. A. W. Silk Co.-Broad Silks -50 George Rusk, Superintendent Pocono Metal Mfg. Co.-Bath Room Specialties -- 28 Louis Rupprecht Federal Soap Company-Liquid Soap- - 0 F. L. Lantz, Proprietor F. M. Titus-Broad Silks -20 Delaware Valley Railway Co.-Steam Railroad- - 5 Press Publishing Company-Publishers - - 95 R. C. Hughes, Manager Sher-White Enameling Corp.-White Enameling- - 8 Shawana Steel Const. Co.-Structural Steel- - 4 George S. Pullinger Kenace Silk Company-Broad Silks - -13 Charles Kent, Manager Heck Silk Company-Broad Silks - - 25 Charles Heck, Secretary-Treasurer

OTHER SECTIONS OF COUNTY

Analomink Paper Co., N. Water Gap-Paper & Pulp Mill - 50 Silver Lake Ice Co., N. Water Gap-Natural Ice 6 Ernest W. Hogg, President Charles A. Evans, Cresco-Lighting Systems- 4 Buck Hill Falls Co., Buck Hill Falls-Hotel & Resort - 65 Charles N. Thompson, Manager. 27 8 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

George T. Smith-Wood Turning - 10 LaAnna Mfg Company-Wood Turning 10 A. H. Frey, Mgr. Homer Shupp, Effort Spokes and Handles 3 The Roseta Company, Inc.-Broad Silks 9? Marford Silk Company-Broad Silks James Martin, Superintendent East Penn Lumber Co., Analomink-Saw Mills C. A. Coleman, Manager George L. Nyce-Lumbering 9 Pocono Brick Company, Henryville-Brick Manufacturing 9 Otto Reuhlman

HAROLD C. EDWARDS

We are indebted to Harold C. Edwards, Esq., for the following table of the Ice plants of the county. These ice houses are filled with ice for transportation, chiefly to New York City. This industry is a great benefit to Monroe --

INDUSTRIES 279

County, for during the cutting season, when there is little else to do, all who want work can get it. Mountain Ice Company, home office 51 Newark Street, Ho- boken, N. J., President, Worthington Scranton; J. H. Donnelly, Gen. Mgr., plants located in Monroe County, Pennsylvania, Charles Edwards, General Superintendent:-North Jersey Plant, Coolbaukh Township, tonnage 64,000; Stillwater Plant, Toby- hanna Township, tonnage 42,000; Pocono Lake Plant, No. 1, tonnage 34,100; Pocono Lake Plant, No. 2, tonnage 31,400; Toby- hanna Plant, Coolbaugh Township, tonnage 14,000. Lynch Corporation, President James P. Lynch, William C. Lynch, Treasurer. Plant in Coolbaugh township, tonnage 35,000. Tobyhanna Creek Ice Company, President, J. G. Eisele. Plant located at Warnertown, Tobyhanna Township, C. C. Fer- ber, Gen. Mgr., tonnage, 65,000. Trout Lake Ice Company, located at Reeders, Jackson Township, President R. F. H. Halsey, C. C. Ferber, Gen. Mgr., tonnage 62,000. Lackawanna Ice Company, plant at Saylorsburg, Hamilton Twsp., President, M. S. Drake, Jr., Treasurer, Raymond W. Drake, tonnage about 32,000. George MacDonough, Stroudsburg, Pa., R. D., tonnage 4,550. Norman B. Gregory, E. Stroudsburg, Pa., R. D., tonnage 4,000. Silver Lake Ice Co., E. W. Hogg, President, plant at North Water Gap, Pa., Smithfield Township, tonnage 3,000. CHAPTER XVI

MONROE COUNTY AS A PLAYGROUND W. L. CALEY There are several important factors that go to make up an ideal vacationland, and here in Pennsylvania's Pictur- esque Playground you will find them. The beautiful Pocono Mountains including the matchless Delaware Water Gap, the dry bracing pure air, without excessive heat or cold, and an abundance of water including many lakes and streams and the Delaware and Lehigh Rivers. - The lure of the Delaware Water Gap and the Pocono Mountains has drawn many thousands of people from the excessive heat of the cities to the cooler and more invigorating air of this wonderfully and beautifully favored section. The Pocono Mountains with a varying altitude of 280 PLAY GROUNDS 2 81

from one to over two thousand feet above sea level are always swept by cool breezes that whistle through the tops of our deciduous or coniferous trees. The villages of the river section may not have the high altitudes of the Poconos, but the beautiful blue waters of the Delaware River as it flows through the great cleft in the Kittatinny ridge, with the mountains towering up fourteen hundred and ninety- seven feet above the river, forming thus the eighth natural wonder of the world,-the Delaware Water Gap-cools off the air and provides an opportunity for many water sports. Camping along the banks of the river or on some of its islands is very popular and draws many people who enjoy the water sports such as swimming, rowing, canoeing and the splendid bass and pickerel fishing. With a country so full of lakes, streams and rivers, it would be hard to find a better haven for the followers of Isaak Walton. The names of the Brodhead, Bushkill, Paradise, Pocono, Tobyhanna, Swiftwater and Wallenpaupack Creeks are well remembered by thousands of skillful anglers who have had many a sup- per of the beautiful trout from these streams. In the early days of our country the famous Delaware Water Gap and the Pocono Mountains drew many thousands of people to this favored and beautiful spot. First they came by horseback and stagecoach for vacations, hunting, fishing or rest and recuperation. Later by railroad and now that we have automobiles and hard surfaced roads, they have come in greater and greater numbers till Penn- sylvania's Picturesque Playground has become one of the most popular mountain resorts in America. With its heavily wooded mountains and valleys stretching on for miles, with its carpet of wonderful green foliage, its beautiful flowering shrubs of laurel and rhododendron and its swift-flowing ereeks and streams, it presents a picture to the eye of our visitor that will never be forgotten. A country, you say, must have variety to be truly beautiful 282 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

Cl fP.1

(

7 PLAY GROUNDS 283 and surely this region has that, with its mountains, hills and villages, its lakes, streams and rivers, its water falls, cliffs, crags and precipices and its evergreen and broad leaf trees. Such a land as this, you might think, must be many miles away from the cities red brick houses built row on row, when in reality we are almost next door. The center of this wonderful land of beauty is only ninety miles from either Philadelphia or New York, with splendid motor roads connecting it with the man-made cities. Many of our most important highways, once Indian Trails were later widened for the stage coaches and were rebuilt from time to time as the popularity of this famous section increased until now, one of them is the famous Lackawanna Trail with its broad ribbon of concrete travers- ing the center of our playground, and connects us with both Philadelphia and Scranton. The part of the Lackawanna Trail that traverses Monroe County was originally an Indian trail running from the Delaware River to the tops of the Pocono Mountains. Along this original trail was built the Old Pocono Hotel in 1750. It stands in what is now the village of Tannersville, has been enlarged and remodeled from time to time and has been in continual operation since its inception. There is another old inn along the Lackawanna Trail that antidates the march of General Sullivan's Army, through the Poconos. We know that on the return from his Indian Wars, he passed through this section, but are not sure whether he stopped at "Ye Old Swiftwater Inn". He could have, because the old trail was well known in those days, and the present owners of the Inn have the deeds for the property and buildings dating back to 1778 and we know that the buildings were standing at that date. It was originally built as a stockade fort along the banks of the Swiftwater Creek. at the base of the mountains, where 284 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

the neighboring pioneers could gather for protection against the Indians. This old inn or fort was in existence when Stroudsburg consisted of only two forts and a few houses. It was built of solid logs standing upright, boarded on the inside and solidly chinked with small stones and mud. The walls were about eighteen inches thick and some parts are still standing to this day. The original inn consisted of a combination kitchen and dining room, a living room, bar room and one bed room on the first floor and upstairs there were six bedrooms. The two original fire places, which were the only means of warmth and cooking are still used. The present owners have the hotel registers that date back many many years. In the era of automobiles in which we are now living, it is interesting to note that on the register under the date of May 27, 1904, Mr. Prescott Adamson of Philadelphia drove the first automobile party to Swift- water. It was a party of eight. Mr. Adamson wrote on the register that they "Came through from Philadelphia without a breakdown, no stops except for dinner. Running time eight hours." To make the trip in that short time allowing one hour for dinner, he had to average over fourteen miles an hour, a very fast speed in those days. Another excellent concrete highway is known as the Monroe-Carbon Trail, which comes in through our great farming section in the western part of our county, giving us a direct route to Harrisburg. The Minisink Trail, a road of macadam and concrete comes from the north and for many miles follows the banks of the picturesque Delaware River. The old Drinker Turnpike, once an important stage route is now another avenue of concrete and macadam running over our mountains, following the Brodhead and Para- dise Creeks. In one place between this old road and the Paradise Creek stands another old stage coach Inn, known as the "Old Inn" in Paradise Valley. The exact date of its PLAY GROUNDS 28 5

building is not certain, but we know it was built in the early part of the 19th century. Here the stage horses were changed, so as to have fresh ones to pull the stage up the mountains to the next inn about five miles away. It was in the old barn of this Inn that Joe Jefferson in 1859 drama- tized "Rip Van Winkle."

Ii ;n Barn at Paradise, where Joe Jefferson worked out the details ot nis Famous Play, "Rip Van Winkle"

The smith was a person of recognized importance among the early Pennsylvania settlers and on the doors of houses and barns in Monroe County are many hinges, locks and iron ornaments, hand wrought according to the finest patterns originated in the parts of Europe from whence many of the settlers came. Those big iron kettles still used throughout the country when farm-wives make their winter's supply of soap or apple and peach butter may easily be relies of the handiwork of the early smiths. At least a generation before the followers of William Penn invaded this region, some of the Dutch from New Netherlands came into the territory along the Delaware, supposedly through an old Indian route. When the government at Philadelphia learned of the 28 6 MONROE COUNTY PENNSYLVANIA settlement of the Dutch in Pennsylvania, they were quickly notified that they were trespassers. The Dutch left quietly, so the question was settled without bloodshed, in true Quaker fashion. The preceding page shows an old barn in Paradise Val- ley where Joseph Jefferson first arranged the play "Rip Van Winkle" for presentation. It is a strange coincidence that this play of Dutch inspiration, handed down as a le- gend of the people who lived in the Hudson Valley, should have been produced for the first time not far from the tem- porary home of these same dutch in the Delaware Valley. In the village of Shawnee-on-Delaware there is an occupied residence, part of which is well established as the oldest stone house in Pennsylvania, erected in part in 1726. This old building sheltered survivors of the terrible Wyom- ing Massacre. Stroudsburg and East Stroudsburg form the business center of Monroe County and are two of the most prosperous all-year, mountain resort communities of their size in the country. Scattered throughout the entire mountain section are many picturesque villages and hamlets with many forms of amusements such as their dance casinos, their bowling alleys and pool rooms and their shops of various kinds and sizes. Dotted all over the mountains are many splendid hotels, inns and boarding houses, some in the villages or on their outskirts and others on their own large estates. In these hostelries you will find experienced hotel men and women ready to take the best of care of you and to supply your every wish, with service and cuisine that is unexcelled. Here you will find the comforts and cheers of a homey house up in the mountains far from the hustle and bustle of the work-a-day city and yet with its con- veniences such as telephones, electric lights, running water in your room and dining room service that cannot be beaten. So rapidly has man come to realize the advantages of PLAY GROUNDS 28 7 golf in this healthful land of recreation, that we can now boast of eight splendid golf links that rank among the very best in the nation. The twenty-seven hole course at Buck Hill Falls is beautifully laid out on mountain sides with its fairways broken by creeks and ponds. This is one of the oldest courses in the Poconos and originally it was only a nine hole course, but its popularity soon made it necessary to have a full eighteen hole course, and a few years ago, to keep up with the demand they had to build an additional nine holes giving them now a twenty-seven hole links. Perhaps our best known one is the picturesque eighteen hole course of Buckwood Inn at Shawnee-on-Delaware. It is located on the rolling slopes between the mountains and the Delaware River just above the Gap. Here the bright green of the fairways and greens are in beautiful contrast to the placid blue of the river. So close are some of the fairways to the Delaware, that one of its greens is on an island in the river that is connected with the main land by a rustic bridge. The Glen Brook Country Club, situated just outside Stroudsburg and though at present only a nine hole course is extremely popular because of its sportiness. It was at this Club that the famous Gene Tunney trained for his fight when he took the Championship of the World away from Jack Dempsey during the Sesqui-centennial Exposi- tion. The nine hole links at Mt. Pocono is prettily situated on the top of the mountains and is considered one of our great drawing cards for this section. The Pocono Manor links, a standard eighteen hole course is ideally located on the slopes of the mountains close to their Inn. From its fairways you have stretching away before you many exten- sive panoramas that are seldom duplicated, and never forgotten. The newest one we have in the Poconos is the eighteen hole course at Sky Top. It is artistically situated on the top of the northeastern end of the Poconos, with 2 8 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA magnificent vistas in all directions, including a beautiful view of Delaware Water Gap, twenty-five miles away. Down in the valley just below Mt. Pocono and Pocono Manor lies the Wiscasset Country Club with its nine hole course picturesquely covering part of the near-by foothills, and on account of the complexity of the ground, it is a very tricky and popular link. The beautiful eighteen hole course of the Wolf Hollow Country Club is located just outside the village of Delaware Water Gap. The construction of this course in that resort which has long been famous for its beauty, and scenic and geological wonders, has greatly increased the popularity of this resort. Because of splendid opportunities for spectacular long drives, its many hazards, tricky fairways, and its exceptionally well kept greens, it is very popular and extensively used by both professionals and amateurs. Though our main roads are all hard surface, there are still many by-roads or trails that wind through our heavily forested mountains or between farms with their fields of corn, wheat, oats or buckwheat. Along these shady roads the horsemen and women enjoy their sports. Imagine yourself mounted on the back of a handsome stallion trot- ting or single-footing down a lane that is beautifully over- hung with shade trees, part of the way you ride through a forest that is so dense that you can see only a very short distance, then past fields of wheat waving in the summer breezes or climb upon the summit of one of our mountains and gaze upon a gorgeous view across one of the valleys to the mountains or hills on the far side. Panoramas of such beauty as are continually presenting themselves to those who wander over our mountains, are never to be forgotten. Here nature has been carefully maintained in its original wildness, and its varieties are almost limitless. Here you can see the great forests with their different shades of green, a part of God's country, rather than the big brick or stone PLAY GROUNDS 2 89 buildings of the man-made cities. Here instead of the nar- rowness and crampness of man, you have the broadness and expanse of God's beautiful handiwork, which He has lavished so bountifully throughout this glorious vacationland. For instance, climb up to the top of one of the spurs in the Pocono Mountains, and see there stretching before you the beautiful Paradise Valley with its densely wooded hills, and its large fields of wheat, rye, oats or corn. Surrounding this valley like giant walls are the mountains of the Poconos, and in the distance before you, far across, the valley rise the Kittatinny Range with that magnificent Gap cut by the Delaware River in the distance. The roads that are attractive to the horse-back riders are also very popular among the hikers. It is very common to see many walkers or hikers traveling along the highways and byways of the pine clad Poconos, some take the open roads, while others strike off for the heavy timber and the tall mountains, pack their lunch on their back and are gone all day. The views they see, the picturesqueness of a stream quietly flowing between banks that are rimmed in fir, the splash and roar of a cataract, or the splendor of a waterfall, amply. repays them and they return home, late in the afternoon, tired but with the realization that they have conquered and seen something that they will never forget. Tennis is another sport that is greatly enjoyed here, so much so that practically every hostelry and many private homes have their tennis courts. In the sweltering heat of the city or surburban courts, one doesn't care to tax themselves too much, but here in the breeze swept mountains you are not so readily affected by the heat of the sun and can enjoy game after game. Charming as it is in Summer time, it is not our only vacation time, for when nature has spread her blanket of snow, the Pocono Mountains are a "White Land locked tight 29 0 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA as a drum." 'Tis out in its invigorating air and snappy breezes that you may romp in the snow or toboggan, skii, snowshoe or sleighride, just as you please and without a care. Or, if you prefer the glassy surface of a pond or lake, you can invigorate your bodies and minds on a good pair of skates. With the evergreens and rhododendron drooping with snow and a heavy white blanket covering the ground, the silvery waters of the creeks edged with ice, all present a picture that God alone can produce and can only be described as a fairyland. To those who love the great out doors with its freedom from the cares and restraints of the city, nature has as much

charm in the winter as the summer. Those who revel in the great forests and mountains all blanketed in snow realize that summer time with its nice warm days has no sport that has a more real thrill than coasting or skiing. Those who have had the pleasure know the thrill. Imagine loading up a tobaggon with four, five or six people, pushing off and then just flying down the slope of a long smooth PLAY GROUNDS 29 1 snow-clad hill, or racing down the course of a toboggan slide. Coasting is one of our most popular winter sports

A Ski Jumper, Winning the Eastern States Championship, Feb. 12, 1927, at Pocono Manor because of the long fast slides down the sides of our mountains: Some people think they have to go to Switzerland or 29 2 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

Canada for their winter sports, others to the Adirondacks or White Mountains but here in the Poconos one has all the sports that appeal so strongly to the lover of the great out- doors. Here among the trees and shrubs sprinkled with glistening white, the pines and firs ladened down, the streams rimmed in ice, and the cataracts and falls covered with frozen spray, one may enjoy all the thrilling sports of winter at their best. And many there are who come to this great play ground in winter for the sports and carnivals found here.

A WONDERFUL TOBOGGAN JUIMP AT BUCK HILL FALLS For years skiing has been extremely popular in many foreign countries and of late has been taken up by the Americans to a great extent. There are now in this Coun- try many ski clubs and we can boast of one in this county, the "Snow Sports Club of Pocono Manor." Through this organization and our other hotels, a great deal of interest has been stimulated here in this splendid sport. Cross Country Ski races and long distance ski jumping events have proved a great success and drawn many devotees of PLAY GROUNDS 293 note and spectators to this wonderful land of ice and snow. If you have ever seen a ski jump tournament you know the thrill there is to it. To watch the jumpers come down the slope and over the "take off" and then leap through the air for over two hundred feet and land on the hill traveling at a rate of sixty to seventy miles an hour without losing their balance, is a pleasure never to be forgotten. The long slopes of our mountainsides provide splendid opportunities for the skiier to thoroughly enjoy his sport. For the amateur there are the shorter hills and wide open spaces,-and for the expert, the long steep hills, quick turns, narrow shoots and once in a while a jump. There are many sports that take one out of doors in the winter, hiking is very healthful and so is snowshoeing, but for some, skiing is the best of all. In it are combined the pleasures of hiking and snowshoeing, with the additional thrill of coasting. The combination of exercise derived by skiing and the crisp bracing air of our mountains is surely a great sertngth builder. Snowshoeing is another sport that is greatly enjoyed by many who visit this region in the winter. It may not have the thrill that ski racing has, but for easy traveling over snow covered fields and through the snow laden forests this form of sport has few rivals, and the snowshoe today is still holding its own in the hearts of many lovers of winter sports. Think of traveling over snow drifts of any depth and only sinking in one or two inches and being able to comfortably travel over snow that is several feet thick and you realize the advantages of snowshoes. Though there are many forms of winter sports on the snow a program would not be complete unless we have ice for the skaters and for the skate sailing and ice boating. The smooth glassy surfaces of our ponds and lakes present wonderful opportunities for the devotees of the ice sports to thoroughly enjoy themselves. Racing and jumping on 29 4 MONROE COUNTY PENNSYLVANIA skates are sports that are indulged in by many and for those who can, there is plenty of room for figure and fancy skating. Out on the broad surfaces of our stilled water you may whirl about or fly along to your heart's content. The flashing and clang of your steel skates will keep time with the laughter of your merry party. Ice Hockey, the fastest game that man can play without the aid of a motor or pony, is one of the favorite sports of king winter and is greatly enjoyed in the different sections of our ideal resort region. There are several hockey teams in our county and their games are very popular. Strange as it may seem, even though this land is so near the densely populated districts of the great metro- politan cities, the hunting here is excellent. Many times you have walked past a shop window decorated with hunting paraphernalia and wondered if you would ever be able to go far enough away from the city to get some real hunting. Or perhaps taken down your old faithful rifle or gun from its racks and pondered over another expedition into the great forests to seek its hidden trophies. Here there are rabbits and partridge galore, and for the keener sports- man., the fox and racoon. For the lover of big game you will find here the deer and bear and sometimes, ere you are aware the wiry and sly wildcat. Of course, no one could guarantee the accuracy of your shot when a well antlered buck comes crashing through the rhododendron or out of the deep woods on the mountain side, or when you are surprised to see one standing so still that he looks frozen, quite close to where you are walking. But even if your heart thumps so rapidly or your arm quivers a little, so as to interfere with your aim and you merely salute the fast disappearing form of. your prey, you feel amply repaid with your tramp through forested mountains and hills. Though not so plentiful as the deer, a number of bear are shot each year. PLAY GROUNDS 295

The sports and beauties of Pennsylvania's Picturesque Playground cannot be successfully described by pen, or reproduced by brush or camera. You must enter into the sports and see the glories of the Delaware Water Gap and the Pocono Mountains to appreciate them. Here you have the ideal combination of health-giving sports and the beauties of our mountain scenery, the splendid highways and the ideally located hotels, inns and boarding houses that make this playground so popular as it is, in both summer and winter. CHAPTER XVII THE COURTS OF MONROE COUNTY FRANK B. HOLMES, ESQ. It appears elsewhere in this history that Monroe County was organized under an Act of the General Assembly, ap- proved by Governor Joseph Ritner on April 1, 1836. It provided, in substance, that the townships of Ross, Chest- nuthill, Tobyhanna, Pocono, Hamilton, Stroud and Smith- field, north of the Blue Mountains in Northampton County, together with the townships of Middle Smithfield, Price and Coolbaugh in Pike County, should be erected into a separate county to be called Monroe. Other sections of the statute related to the courts, their jurisdictions and officers, pending suits, collection of taxes, etc., and Section 9 related to the method of fixing the site of the courthouse and pre- scribed that this matter should be decided by popular ballot at a special election to be held on July 1, 1836. A sharp competition for the choice of- the location im- mediately arose between three of the principal villages within the precincts of the territory-Stroudsburg, Dutots- burg, also known as Monroe Square, now the Borough of Delaware Water Gap, and Kellersville,-the advantage claimed for the last named village being its central location, and that claimed for Delaware Water Gap or Dutotsburg, probably being its superior antiquity. Before the election was held, Stroud J. Hollinshead, a grandson of the founder of the Borough of Stroudsburg, had agreed to convey to the County Commissioners a site for the court house and county buildings,-the present Courthouse Square at the intersection of Seventh (1) and Monroe Streets. Daniel Stroud, Stogsdell Stokes and others entered into bonds agreeing to erect the necessary public buildings without cost to the county, including a courthouse,

(1 Then known as Franklin Street. 296 THE COURTS 29 7 which was to have at the west end two rooms about fifteen feet square for public offices, and to be made fireproof; one corner at the east to be a kitchen and the other a debtor's jail with a stone jail yard adjoining, surrounded by a wall fifteen feet high. The middle of this story was to have a jailer's parlor and two rooms surrounded by a stone wall for criminal apartments,-an interesting reminiscence of the fact that imprisonment for debt was not to be abolished by the legislature until six years thereafter. The middle story was to be finished for a court room and the upper story to be divided into three convenient jury rooms. In the bond given by Daniel Stroud and his associates there were certain other specifications in regard to a cupola, bell, well, etc., concluding with a statement that "the whole was to be finished in a substantial and durable manner, without any needless work or useless ornament." The first election was held on the second day of July, 1836, and resulted in no choice, though Dutotsburg, which received only eighty votes, was eliminated. A new election was ordered and held on July 26, 1836, at which the contest was confined to Stroudsburg and Kellersville. The second election resulted in a count of 1132 votes for Stroudsburg and 1062 for Kellersville, a majority of 70 for Stroudsburg and a total vote east of 2194. Both elections were mani- festly fraudulent. It is common tradition that boys of fourteen years of age voted at the county seat election, and that many names were entered upon the list which were either fictitious or copied from "'tombstones mossy with age." One of the sequels of the election was an indictment found against two of the Election Boards of Middle Smith- field Township charging "fraud and malpractice" in the management and conducting of an election. The trial is said to have been one of the most singular which ever occurred in the old time courts of this district. It was held 29 8 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA in Pike County, the courts of Monroe not yet having been organized. Judge David Scott presided, with his two associates, Dingman and Coolbaugh on the bench. The Presi- dent Judge quashed one or two counts in the indictment and then, for some reason, left the bench, whereupon the associate, Judge Dingman, (unlearned in the law), assumed control of the case. "The President Judge," said he, "has seen fit to quash several counts in this indictment on grounds of common law. "Now 'Bub'," (alluding to Judge Cool- baugh) "and I know nothing of common law, but I know all about the Legislature for I have been a member of that, and" (laying his hand impressively on a copy of the pamphlet laws,) " 'Bub' and I will quash the other indictments on grounds of the Legislature." Which they proceeded to do. On the 19th day of December, 1836, the first court was held within the County of Monroe, Hon. David Scott, Presi- dent Judge of the Eleventh Judicial District of Pennsyl- vania presiding, with Jacob Brown and-John T. Bell, associates. The commissions of the several officers were opened and read. The first attorneys admitted to the court on that day were: James Madison Porter General Peter Ihrie Hopewell Hepburn Andrew H. Reeder Horace E. Wolfe Richard Brodhead, Jr. Newton D. Strong William Davis Peter Wyckoff Milo Melancthon Dimmick Alexander E. Brown Amongst these names are some afterwards quite famous in law, politics, and official station. James Madison Porter was a member of a very promin- THE COURTS 29 9 ent Colonial family, a resident of Easton, and afterwards President Judge of this Judicial District. General Ihrie and Hopewell Hepburn were two of the best lawyers of their generation. Andrew H. Reeder was Territorial Governor of Kansas, and Richard Brodhead, Jr., one of the most distinguished members of Congress who ever represented this district. The roll of the members of the Bar afterwards admitted is incomplete. Jacob M. Hill, Esq., the present Prothono- tary, is even now engaged in compiling from the old dockets an authentic list of all who have been admitted to perman- ent membership at this Bar since 1836, and it is a matter of regret that the publication of this sketch could not have been deferred until Mr. Hill's list had been completed. So far as information is now available, the names and dates of admission are as follows: Henry D. Maxwell, Sr. February 20, 1837 Robert Brook - -February 20, 1837 Matthew H. Jones - -February 20, 1837 John W. Hornbeck - -February 22, 1837 Richard Eland - -May 16, 1837 E. W. Machemen Andrew F. McClintock Luther Kidder - -December 5, 1837 J. Q. Richards -April 29, 1839 Hendricks B. Wright April 29, 1839 John D. Morris -September 3, 1839 Harrison Wright -September 4, 1839 Edward E. Leclare -February 2, 1841 Wm. H. Dimmick -February 2, 1841 Garrett Mallery -September 7, 1841 Charles Denison -September 7, 1841 John Thoure -September 7, 1841 Henry Ottebone -December 7, 1841 James A. Dunlap -February 8, 1842 James H. Walton -May 10, 1842 Charles B. Shaw -May 10, 1842 I. Glenry Jones -May 10, 1842 2 oo MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

Samuel Sherrer --- September 6, 1842 Lazarus Shoemaker --- December 15, 1842 W. I. Woodward --- December 15, 1842 Samuel S. Dreher - -May, 1846 Nathan Dutton --- May, 1846 John S. Gibbons --- July 11, 1848 Charlton Burnett - Dec. 27, 1849-Died Oct 1st., 1907 Charles Wyckoff - Killed in battle of San Juan Hill, 1898 Stephen Holmes Dec. 29, 1860-Died Oct. 21, 1904 John B. Storm - Sept. 30, 1863-Died Aug. 15, 1901 William Haviland Charles Kinney David S. Lee Feb. 28, 1867-Died Aug., 1908 Charles B. Staples May 26, 1876-Died Aug. 16, 1917 Archibald A. Dinsmore May, 1876 Joseph H. Shull May 31, 1878 Henry J. Kotz - Dec. 16, 1879-Died Nov., 1913 Thomas M. Mcllhaney --- 1880 M. A. de I. Van Horn John E. Shull --- November, 1881 Rogers L. Burnett --- February 28, 1882 John B. Williams --- December 11, 1884 Cicero Gearhart - Oct. 2, 1885-Died Nov. 22, 1920 A. Raiguel Brittain --- May 28, 1886 Wilton A. Erdman ----- March 1, 1888 Charles Warren Holbrook ----- 1888 Stewart S. Shafer May 23, 1892 Frank B. Holmes ----- Sept. 26, 1892 Russell N. Koplin --- - 1892 A. Mitchell Palmer ---- Sept. 26, 1893 William B. Eilenberger ----- Sept. 25, 1894 -arvey Huffman ----- Sept. 24, 1895 Claude C. Shull Sept. 27, 1897 William A. Shafer ----- Dec. 11, 1899 Samuel E. Shull ----- Sept. 24, 1900 Layton M. Schoch ----- 1900 Harry B. Lee - May 26, 1903-Died Jan 13, 1906 Harry McNeal -Feb. 14, 1906 C. Raymond Bensinger Sept. 24, 1907 Ira A. LaBar -Sept. 28, 1907 THE COURTS 30 1

Chester H. Rhodes - Oct. 4, 1913 Harold C. Edwards - Feb. 9, 1920 Leo A. Achterman -Feb. 9, 1920 Forrest J. Mervine - Feb. 10, 1920 A. Greenwald Gearhart -Sept. 13, 1920 Fred W. Davis -March 5, 1921 Frank S. Weiss ------. ------Sept. 4, 1922 Russell Mervine -Sept. 26, 1923 George G. Shafer .- Feb. 9, 192 6 By the eleventh section of the Act creating Monroe County, it was annexed to the Eleventh Judicial District, which at that time comprised the counties of Luzerne, Pike and Wayne. (1) The statute further directed the courts to be held in Monroe County on the third Mondays of Febru- ary, May, September and December, and that the first court should be held on the third Monday of December, 1836. Monroe County continued to comprise a part of the Eleventh District until April 10, 1844, when it became a part of the twenty-first, composed of Schuylkill, Carbon (organized 1843), and Monroe. (2) Five years later, the Twenty-second District was organized, comprising the counties of Monroe, Carbon, Pike and Wayne. (3) After the adoption of the Constitution of 1874, the Twenty-second District was divided,-Wayne and Pike Counties thereafter constituting the Twenty-second Dis- trict and Monroe and Carbon being erected into a new district designated as the Forty-third. (4) Another quarter century passed and both Carbon and Wayne had increased in population to such an extent that they could legally be organized into separate districts. Carbon County then became the Fifty-sixth District and Wayne alone became the Twenty-second, while Monroe and

(1) Act of 14th April, 1834, P. L. 344. (2) Act of 10th April, 1844, P. L. 225. (3) Act of 5th April, 1849, P. L. 235. (4) Act of 9th April, 1874, P. L. 54. 3 02 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

Pike were combined into a new one, under the old name of 1w Forty-third. (5) President Judges David Scott - 1836-1838 William H. Jessup -1838-1845 Luther Kidder -1845-1849 Nathaniel P. Eldred -1849-1853 George R. Barrett (appointed) --.1853- James Madison Porter -1853-1855 Thomas S. Bell (Chester Co., Pa.) 1855-1856 George R. Barrett .1856-1871 Samuel S. Dreher .1871-1893 John B. Storm . July, 1893-Jan., 1894 Allen Craig .1894- 1902 Wilton A. Erdman . 1903-1904 Charles B. Staples . 1904-Aug., 1917 Samuel E. Shull . 1917- David Scott had been commissioned Judge of the Ele- venth District by Governor Findlay, July 7, 1818. Under the provisions of the amended Constitution of 1838, his term would have expired in 1839, but on account of failing physi- cal faculties, he resigned March 17, 1838, with the request that Hon. Nathaniel P. Eldred, President Judge of the Eighteenth District, be appointed his successor. Conditions, however, made this impossible, and the appointment went to Hon. William H. Jessup, of Susquehanna County, who was commissioned April 7, 1838. Nathaniel P. Eldred was born January 12, 1795, at Dolsontown, Orange County, New York, but at the age of sixteen went to Milford, which was then the county seat of Wayne County. Already he had formed the purpose of becoming a lawyer. He was admitted to the Bar of Wayne County January 27, 1817, and was appointed President Judge of the 22nd Judicial District by Governor Johnston, April 6, 1849. The Constitutional amendment of 1850 made the judiciary elective and fixed the term of office at (5) Act of 18th July, 1901. P. L. 671. THE COURTS 30 3 ten years. Tinder the provisions of this amendment, Judge Eldred was elected to his office in October, 1851. He resigned in April, 1853, to accept the appointment of Naval Officer in the Philadelphia Custom House. George ER. Barrett, a young lawyer of Clearfield County, was appointed by Governor Bigler to fill the vacancy April 29, 1853. The appointment was unfavorably received, the prevailing sentiment being that the judge ought to be chosen from the Bar of the district. Although personally he made a most favorable impression, Judge Barrett declined to be a candidate for election, and in October, 1853, James Madison Porter was elected, and was commissioned Nov- ember 19th of the same year. [8 Harris Rep.] In the spring of 1855, Judge Porter became incapacitat- ed by reason of an attack of paralysis and resigned. The vacancy was filled by Governor Pollock, who on March 23rd, 1855, commissioned Thomas S. Bell,- of Chester County, to fill the vacancy. Judge Bell had formerly been a justice of the Supreme court. (1) Nevertheless, his appointment was quite as unacceptable as that of Judge Barrett had been. In August, 1855, Judge Barrett announced himself as a candidate. He was elected and in 1865, was re-elected without opposition. For nearly nineteen years, therefore, he presided over the courts of the district. His portrait, which hangs in the court room, depicts a stately, dignified gentleman of the old school; a character with which the descriptions of those who remember him agree. In 1855, during the term of Judge Porter the first edition of Rules of Court of Monroe County was published in a small vol- ume about the size of a pass book. Samuel S. Dreher was the first native Monroe Countv

(1) Appointed Justice of Supreme Court November 18, 1846, vice Thomas Sergeant resigned, (3 Barr 2), and continued in office until the election of 1851, which followed the Constitu- tional amendment of 1850. 304 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA judge. He was the son of Michael H. Dreher, and of his wife, Elizabeth, a daughter of Adam Smith, of Smithfield Township. Born in Stroudsburg April 10, 1824, he received his early education in the public schools and in the old Stroudsburg Academy; studied law in the office of Milo Melanethon Dimmick, and was admitted to the Bar at May term, 1846. His legal abilities were unusual and his progress was rapid. He was elected to the office of President Judge in the fall of 1870; was twice re-elected without opposition, and died in the full enjoyment of his faculties in June, 1893. John B. Storm: Judge Storm was appointed by Gover- nor Pattison to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Judge Dreher. He was a candidate for the Democratic nomination at the ensuing primary election. The contest was an acrimonious one and by a majority of few more than one hundred votes, the nomination went to Hon. Allen Craig of Carbon County, who was duly elected the following Novem- ber and commissioned in January, 1894. Judge Storm was born in Hamilton Township in 1838; he was educated in the public schools and graduated from Dickinson College, in days when a college degree was a real mark of distinction. He studied law in the office of Samuel S. Dreher; was admitted to the Bar September 30, 1863; served two terms in the Forty-second and Forty-third Congresses and two more in the Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth. He was a forceful and brilliant speaker, and a consumately skillful and successful trial lawyer. He died on August 15, 1901. Allen Craig was a resident of Carbon County, and had practiced in Mauch Chunk for many years before his election in 1893. He was commissioned in January, 1894, and continued in office until his death, the latter part of Decem- ber, 1902. In early life he had filled the positions of district attorney of his county; representative in the General Assembly, and member of the State Senate. During his THE COURTS 3 05 career of ten years on the bench, he came to be recognized as one of the best common pleas judges in Pennsylvania. He was particularly sagacious in his conduct of jury trials, and it is said that no judgment on a verdict rendered in a case tried before him was ever reversed by an appellate court. Wilton A. Erdman was appointed by Governor Penny- packer to fill the vacancy created by the death of Judge Craig. He served until the first Monday of January, 1904, and at the expiration of his term, resumed his private practice. Charles B. Staples was elected President Judge in November, 1903, and was commissioned in January, 1904. He was re-elected in November, 1913, and continued in office until his death, August 16, 1917. He was the son of Richard S. and Mary A. Staples. Born in Stroudsburg, November 24, 1853, his inclinations were early turned to- ward the law. His first legal experience appears to have been in 1868, when he was called by the Commonwealth as a witness in the trial of Conunonwealth vs. Brooks & Orme, hereinafter alluded to. He, like his predecessors, gained his early education in the public schools of the borough; like Judge Storm, he was a graduate of Dickinson College. He studied law in the office of William Davis, and received there the early training which in later life made him one of the most adroit and subtle of cross-examiners, and one of the most resourceful trial lawyers at the Monroe County Bar. He was admitted at May term, 1876. In 1880, he was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention; in 1882, a member of the Democratic State Central Committee, and in 1884, was appointed by President Cleveland to be collector of internal revenue for the Twelfth Pennsylvania District; resuming his law practice at the expiration of the period of his appointment in 1889. Samuel Eakin Shull was appointed by Governor Brum- baugh after the death of Judge Staples, November 12, 1917. 3 06 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

He was elected to the same office by a very large majority in November, 1919, and has attained a well-merited distinction in his profession, and a most enviable reputation for courtesy, impartiality, and remarkable accuracy and correctness in the many decisions he has been called upon to render. He is the son of Hon. Joseph H. Shull, who is often affec- tionately referred to as the "dean" of the local Bar, and of Melissa V. Shull; was born at Stroudsburg; educated in the local schools, at South Easton High School and at Lafayette College; graduated from the University of North Carolina; studied law in the office of his father, and was admitted to the Bar September 24, 1900. Associate Judges Jacob Brown - . 1836-1842 John T. Bell -1836-1845 Joseph Keller- 1842-1849 John Merwine -1845-1849 Stogdell Stokes -1849-1852 Moses W. Coolbaugh -1849-1854 Abraham Levering -1852-1870 Andrew Storm -1854-1857 Michael H. Dreher 1857-1863 Jeremiah Mackey -1863-1866 John DeYoung -1866- 1874 Theodore Schoch -1870-1872 Simon G. Throop -1872-1873 Peter Gruver -1873-1882 Jacob Stauffer -1875-1876 Charles W. Decker -1876-1881 Charles D. Brodhead -1881- 1895 J. Depue LaBar -1882-1893 Barnet Mansfield -1893-1898 James Edinger -1895-1905 Theodore Y. Hoffman -1898-1903 John A. Bossard - 1903-1913 George H. Metzgar -1905-1910 Moses C. Strunk -1913-1918 Joseph H. Graves -1918-1919 Harrison M. Christman -1919-1922 THE COURTS 307

Eugene Kinney -1920 - Clarence L. Edinger -1922-1924 John L. Clark -1924- District Attorneys Prior to 1850, the duties now incumbent upon the district attorney were performed by deputies of the Attorney General of the Commonwealth. The last, and so far as I have been able to ascertain, perhaps the only deputy attorney general for Monroe County was William Davis and the first district attorney was: Samuel S. Dreher, 2 terms - 1850-1856 He was followed by: Charlton Burnett, 2 terms - 1856-1862 Stephen Holmes, 3 terms - 1862-1872 David S. Lee, 3 terms -1872-1881 Henry J. Kotz, 1 term -1881-1884 Rogers L. Burnett, 2 terms- 1884-1890 Charles W. Holbrook, part of term 1890-1892 Charles B. Staples, unexpired term 1892- John B. Williams, 2 terms - 1892-1898 Cicero Gearhart, 2 terms - 1898-1904 Claude C. Shull, 2 terms -1904-1910 Ira A. LaBar, 2 terms -1910-1916 Chester H. Rhodes, 2 terms - 1916-1923 Ira A. LaBar, unexpired term - 1923- Forrest J. Mervine -1924- The older members of the Bar can recall more or less distinctly some of the interesting criminal eases which occurred during the period covered by this list. The first capital case in the county grew out of the murder of Theo- dore Brodhead by Brooks and Orme in 1868. The defend- ants were convicted and one of them executed the following year. The other escaped from jail and was never re-cap- tured. Through the courtesy of Mr. Burnett I have been able to obtain Judge Barrett's original minute of his remarks 'o the prisoners at the time of pronouncing sentence upon them. The minute is in the Judge's own handwriting; and 3 08 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA covers about three pages of foolscap paper. In style and diction it is characteristically eloquent, solemn and impres- sive, and for this reason in itself, apart from its historic interest, it deserves a literal transcription.

The prisoners, William Brooks and Charles Orme, being brought into court and asked: "Have you or either of you anything to say why sentence of death should not be passed upon you," To which both prisoners responded by speaking for some time. The prisoners being in court and standing up, the Court proceeded to sentence them as follows, viz: "You were jointly indicted for the murder of Theo- dore Brodhead. A true bill was found at the last ses- sion of this court three months ago. You have had that length of time to prepare your defense. You have had the benefit of able counsel to advise with you ahd to assist you in the preparation. You might have had separate trials, but you chose to be tried together. You have had the use of the process of this court and the means at your disposal to bring witnesses. Every favour within the power of the court has been extended to you. You have been tried by a jury of your own selection. You were informed that you had the right peremptorily to challenge twenty jurors and as many more as you could assign cause for. You obtained a jury without exhausting your peremptory challenges. The jury thus selected have patiently heard your case, and we have no doubt with an earnest desire to do you justice. Your defense has been conducted with ability, earnestness and zeal. With no hope of securing your acquittal, your counsel laboured to create, in the minds of the jury, a reasonable doubt as to your being guilty of murder in the first degree. In this they were un- successful, not from any fault of theirs, but because every step in the progress of the trial made your guilt more manifest. Nothing was withheld from the jury that could possibly aid you in lessening the degree of homicide, and yet they have found you guilty of murder in the first degree. With this finding we are satisfied. THE COURTS 309

You admitted the unlawful killing; the jury had only to pass upon the degree. In the face of the fact that one of you drew a pistol and pointed it at Theodore Brod- head-then changed your purpose; turned and shot Thomas Brodhead first; then turned and shot Theodore, the other standing present and calling out to 'shoot them both, shoot them quick' two or three times; and the fact that you both followed up the murderous attack upon Thomas, doubtless intending to kill him too, while one slain victim was lying at your feet, they could not well doubt your intent to take life. It is not your fault that you have not been tried for the murder of both. Theodore Brodhead had not spoken to you nor harmed you. He was a stranger to you. You knew you had committed a felony, and we suppose feared that you were about to be arrested and brought to justice. To escape the consequences of a lesser offense you committed a greater. "You must by this time feel the condition in which your own acts have placed you. The Law makes the forfeit of your lives the penalty. You may think this hard, but it is just what you meted out to your fellow man. You will die to atone for a great crime. He died at your hands without offending! You will have time to repent. You sent him into eternity without a mo- ment's warning. You must yourselves have been struck with the evidence of the blameless life of your victim. He was a good man as the evidence has abundantly shown, endeared to family, friends and neighbors. It is to be hoped that you may spend the remnant of your days in endeavoring to be as well prepared to meet your fate. "You have been condemned to die and we beseech you to let no hope of escape linger upon your minds. Your case admits of none. Offended Law and outraged humanity forbid it. Do not be deceived by a hope that must be fruitless. There is but one thing for you to do in this your hour of extremity. Go back to your cells and engage in secret, earnest and devout prayer to Al- mighty God. He alone can grant you the Pardon you most need, with Him there is hope even for you. Read and study your Bibles; confess your sins to Him; im- 3 10 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

plore His mercy; look to Him and to Him alone. When you leave this world you must enter upon eternity! This life is at best but a brief period; Eternity is unend- ing. Seek for God's favour that you may meet the re- deemed in Heaven. It only remains for us to pass upon you the sentence of the Law, which is: Sentence "That you, William Brooks, be taken to the jail of Monroe County from whence you came, and from thence to the place of execution within the walls or yard of said jail, and there be hanged by the neck until you are dead. And may God have mercy on your soul. "That you, Charles Orme, be taken to the jail of Monroe County from whence you came, and from thence to the place of execution within the walls or yard of said jail, and there be hanged by the neck until you are dead. And may God have mercy on your soul." During the incumbency of the same district attorney, an indictment for nuisance was found against the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Company, and in order to compel the appearance of the recalcitrant corporation, a writ of "distress infinite" was issued under which the sheriff proceeded to levy upon the rolling stock and other property until the defendant appeared to answer. During the term of Mr. Lee, a sensational larceny case is recalled, growing out of a robbery at one of the principal hotels of the town. The term of Rogers L. Burnett was marked by the trial of the Welsh murder case, and, if my recollection is not at fault, that of Mr. Kotz by the trial of the Cramer and Ike arson cases, all of which resulted in convictions. Probably the most thrilling event in the term of Mr. Williams was the murder of Christian Ehlers by the negro, Puryear, who afterwards broke jail, escaped, was re-cap- tured and lynched on "Palmer's Island." During the term of Mr. Gearhart, the second and last capital case occurred, ensuing upon a murder singularly THE COURTS 311 resembling in its circumstances that of Mr. Brodhead, and likewise resulting in the conviction and execution of the perpetrator. During Mr. Shull 's term' occurred the trial of Com- monwealth vs. George Johnson for arson, as a result of which the defendant was convicted and sentenced to the penitentiary for a term of twenty-five years. The term of Mr. LaBar was an unusually hectic one, he having had the responsibility of conducting several murder trials and the prosecution of both the Culberson and the Radin and Freed arson cases. Prothonotaries and Clerks of the Court Gideon Burritt -.. - 1836- 1838 Simon Snyder - -1838-1840 John Keller - -1840-1842 James H. Stroud -- 1842-1845 Michael H. Dreher -1845-1854 John Edinger - -1854-1860 Thomas M. McIlhaney -- 1860-1879 Alonzo B. Shafer - -879-1891 Walter S. Dutot 1891-1897 William F. Decker -1897-1903 William H. Shafer -1903-1909 Samuel B. Correll - -1909-1916 Chester A. Coleman -1916-1924 Jacob M. Hill -1924- Registers of Wills Simon Snyder - -1836- 1842 Michael H. Dreher - -1842-1845 Samuel Rees -1845-1854 William S. Rees - -1854-1860 Joseph Barry - -1860-1863 John S. Fisher - -1863-1872 John Appenzeller 1872-1887 John DeYoung - -1887- 1890 Timothy Everitt -1890- 1893 Maurice S. Warner -1893-1899 Walter Dutot - -1899-1902 3 12 MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

William L. Andre -1902-1909 Frank B. Michaels -1909-1912 Eugene H. Altemose - 1912-1920 Harry M. Schoch -1920- Sheriffs Joseph S. Teel --- 1836-1839 Samuel Gunsaules --- 1839-1842 Olis B. Gordon --- 1842-1846 And'rew Storm --- 1846-1849 Peter Kemmerer --- 1849-1852 James N. Durling --- 1852-1855 Henry D. Shafer --- 1855-1857 Melchoir Bossard ---- 1857-1860 James N. Durling --- 1860-1861 H. C. Wolfe --- 1861-1862 Linford Marsh --- 1862-1865 Charles Henry --- 1865-1868 Peter Mervine -- - 1868-1871 Charles Henry --- 1871-1874 Jacob K. Shafer - - - 1874-1877 William T. Baker --- 1877- 1880 George Miller --- 1880-1883 James S. Fisher --- 1883-1886 Charles Trach --- 1886-1889 Nathan H. Shafer --- 1889-1892 J. Monroe Kresge - 1892-1895 Henry Learn -- 1895-1898 James S. Fisher - -1898-1902 Vincent 0. Mervine -- 1902- 1905 William Evans -1905-1908 Juriah H. Stofflet -- 1908-1911 William F. Swartwood -- 1911-1912 Peter Bonser - -1912-1916 Fred Miller - -1916-1918 Phillip S. Dreher - -1918-1920 William E. Detrick -- 1920- 1924 Francis A. Altemose -1924- The Bar Association The many ways in which local organizations of this character can he useful to the Courts, to the Bar, and to THE COURTS 31 3 the communities of which they are a part, have been the subject of discussion at the meetings of the larger associations of the state and of the nation. For many years unsuc- cessful efforts had been made to establish a local association in the Forty-second Judicial District, of which this county is a part. As far back as 1868, an informal organization of this kind evidently was attempted. A few copies of the quaint old fee bill are still in existence, and preserved as interesting relics amongst the records of the older law offices. It consists of a pink covered little pamphlet of four pages, printed in the style which obtained in country printing offices sixty years ago. The pamphlet is dated November 23, 1868, and is signed by C. Burnett, S. Holmes, Jr., Samuel S. Dreher, William Davis, J. B. Storm, and D. S. Lee, who appear at that time to have constituted the active members of the Monroe County Bar. Between 1868 and the first decade of the present century, local Bar Associations were formed in many of the neighboring districts. Several movements for the establish- ment of one in the Forty-third District had been started, but came to nothing. In 1915 the project was revived by Samuel E. Shull, Esq., and the existing Association may justly be regarded as a monument to his earnest and unselfish efforts. On April 19, 1915, the Monroe County Bar Association came into existence, first by way of a voluntary association of all of the members of the Bar who were then engaged in active practice. On this date a constitution, by-laws, and minimum fee bill were adopted. On the 29th day of May, 1915, a charter of incorporation was duly issued to it by the Court of Common Pleas of Monroe County. Its first President was Joseph H. Shull, who at each annual meeting thereafter has been unanimously elected to succeed himself. CHAPTER XVIII

THE CHURCHES OF MONROE COUNTY DR. E. L. KEMP

The history of the churches in Monroe County must always be a source of pride for its citizens. Nothing better attests the high character of the early settlers within our borders that the promptness with which they proceeded to organize congregations and build churches after they had been established. Naturally the first churches were Protestant, because of the lands from which the settlers or their immediate forbears came. The earliest settlements were made in the valley of the Delaware, the Minisink, by Hollanders, members of the Dutch Reformed church, and sprinkled among them were a few French Huguenot families that had originally left France because of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. The largest number of early families were German, originally either from Alsace or the Rhenish Palatinate. Their presence was due partly to the Revocation of the Edict or to the devastation of the Palatinate by the French early in the 18th century. These people also were Protestant, either Lutheran or Reformed. Catholics did not begin to come into the county in numbers until the time of the construction of the Delaware and Lackawanna railroad. The first church erected in the county was built of logs, about two miles above Shawnee in 1742. This was for a Dutch Reformed congregation. As early as 1716 Rev. Petrus Vas began to record baptisms in the Minisink. In 1737, Rev. George Wilhelm Mancius organized a Dutch Reformed congregaation in Smithfield Township, one of four along the Delaware. It 314 THE CHURCHES 31 5 was for the Smithfield congregation that the log church was built. Rev. Mancius visited the congregations in May and November of each year until 1741. In that year Rev. John Casparus Fryenmuth became the regular pastor. Rev. Fryenmuth had been sent to Amsterdam by the congregations to study for the ministry, and had been maintained there four years until he had completed his studies. In 1750 William Allen conveyed five acres of land in Shawnee to Nicholas Depuy and others for the use of a "Presbyterian Meeting House." On this tract a stone church was erected in 1752. The three men most actively connected with the building were Nicholas Depuy, Samuel Depuy, and Abraham Van Campen. Although the church was intended for Presbyterians, it was not used by a congregation of that denomination for a number of years. The Dutch Reformed congregation moved into it from the log church instead, and continued to use it, at first regularly and towards the end occasionally, until 1805. The second church erected in the county was located in what was then called Dansbury, embracing portions of the present boroughs of Stroudsburg and East Stroudsburg. It stood near the west end of the bridge connecting the two boroughs. Daniel Broadhead built it as a Moravian chapel. Dan- iel Brodhead and his wife, Esther, were members of the congregation. Count Zinzendorf occasionally preached to the congregation. In 1755 the church was burned down by Indians, and it never was rebuilt. In 1859 a Moravian church was built in Barrett Town- ship. The building committee were Adam Albert, J. M. 31G MONROE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA

Deubler, Christopher Soiuniers, George Bender, Charles Boyer and Jacob Rinehart.

Presbyterian Churches There is no record of a Presbyterian supply sent to the "Old Stone Church'' in Shawnee until 1761, when the Rev. M1r. Clark was sent there by the Presbytery of New Bruns- wick. He preached in the church three Sundays. Supplies were continued irregularly until 1813. In the meantime the trustees of the church were generous in granting the use of it. In addition to the Dutch Reformed congregation, congregations of several other denominations worshipped in the church at intervals, and some continued to do so a long time. In 1813 the Rev. John Boyd was appointed the regular pastor of the Presbyterian congregation, and served as such until 1819. In 1816 the congregation was reorganized, and John Turn and Gershon Bunnell were ordained elders. In 1832 the congregation was joined to that of Strouds- burg under the pastorate of Rev. Jacob Field. In 1853 a brick church was built to take the place of the "Old Stone Church." The new building was dedicated in 1854. At that time the elders were John D. LaBar, Findley Bush, and Robert R. Depuy. The Sunday School of the Presbyterian congregation was organized by John V. Bush. There is reason to believe that as early as 1825 a Rev. Mr. Hyndshaw held services occasionally in Stroudsburg and Middle Smithfield township. The real history of the Stroudsburg Presbyterian Church began with the work of the Rev. Jacob T. Field in 1827. On the 15th of August in that year Rev. Field as- sisted by an enthusiastic evangelist, Mr. Solomon Carpenter, organized a congregation of eleven persons. THE CHURCHES 317

The first ruling elders of the congregation were Joseph Kerr and Amos Miller. At first the meetings were held in a barn located where now the Lutheran church stands, but after a time the congregation worshipped in the Stone Academy building. In 1834 a brick church was erected for the use of the congregation on Sarah street. The plot of ground for the church was donated by Daniel Stroud. The building committee and trustees of the church were Joseph Kerr, Joseph V. Wilson, Michael H. Dreher, Samuel Drake, Jr., and Abraham Rinker. In the course of time the growth of the congregation necessitated the abandonment of the first church, and A. Reeves Jackson, Jeremy Mackey, Robert Brown, Michael H. Dreher and Jacob L. Wyckoff were appointed a committee to select a site for a new church and take charge of its construction. This building was located on Main street. Stephen Holmes, Michael H. Dreher, and John Malvin were appointed a committee to raise the necessary funds for the building of the church. For a number of years the congregation was served by supply ministers sent by the Newton Presbytery. In recent years the Stroudsburg congregation built a chapel on North Fifth Street, in which services are regularly held. From 1825 until 1833 Presbyterian ministers visited Middle Smithfield occasionally and conducted services either in John Coolbaugh's barn or in his kitchen. The church was erected in 1833. The congregation then had a membership of fifty-two, and was served conjointly with the congregation in Stroudsburg. John Coolbaugh, John Malvin and John Turn were the elders. In 1834 the church was incorporated by the State Legis- lature as the "'Middle Smithfield Presbyterian Church.'"