Topography of Jerusalem.'
444 Topography of Jerwaiem. [APRIL, ARTICLE IX. TOPOGRAPHY OF JERUSALEM.' BY JOBBPH P. TROKPSON, D. D., NEW YORK.. WHEN Josephus wrote the fifth book of his Jewish War, he intended to give so accurate a description of the site and the structure of Jerusalem, that one familiar with the city should be able to reconstruct it in imagination; and, that the stranger should also be able to construct it upon a map, and to trace the siege of Titus, from wall to wall and tower to tower, as a spectator might have done from the summit of the mount of Olives. But in sketching the battle-ground of the Roman general, the Jewish historian only projected a battle-ground for futwe topographers; and squadrons of Rabbinists, traditionists, archmologists, geographers, explo rers, engineers, and draughtsmen, sciolists and scholars, English, German, American, have deployed about the city, from Hippicus to Antonia, assaulting chiefly the second wall of their antagonists, and waging the fiercest contlict over the Tyropreon valley. Within the last twenty years, espe cially, the topography of Jerusalem has become a subject not only of renewed investigation, but of elaborate and even acrimonious controversy •• Travellers, by no means versed in archmology, and with no previous thought of historical investigations, are incited by the view of unquestionable remains of the Jewish and the Roman periods of the city, to put forth descriptions and theories of its ancient structure with all the assurance and profundity of antiquarian re search; and thus the public mind is perplexed and divided according to the seeming competence and authority of the witnesses.
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