DOCSLIB.ORG

Geoterrace-2020-008

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Geoterrace-2020-008 GeoTerrace-2020-008 Layering of the ice caps on the islands Galindez, Winter, Skua (the Argentine Islands, West Antarctica) *A. Chernov, Y. Otruba, D. Pishniak (National Antarctic Scientific Center of Ukraine), O. Bulakh, A. Ivko (Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv), Y. Brillinh (Institute of Geophysics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine) SUMMARY This paper represents the results of GPR investigations of five ice caps on the islands Galindez, Winter and Skua. The research is aimed at counting the layers and finding similarities in the structure of the ice caps. Observations were done during different seasons with VIY3 GPR, 300 MHz antenna. 5-10 major layers are stretching along the ice caps. GeoTerrace-2020 07-09 December 2020, Lviv, Ukraine Introduction First glaciological observations in the area of the Argentine Islands (–65.249S; –64.247W) were started at the beginning of 20th century during the first French expedition in 1903—1905, when the islands were mapped and named for the first time (Charcot, 1905, 1930). During the British Graham Land Expedition (1934—1937) varied surveys were performed and more detailed topographic maps were published. Galindez, Winter and Skua Islands are three of the Argentine Islands group (fig.1). During several Ukrainian Antarctic expeditions glaciological investigations were also performed and authors of previous research pointed out that monitoring of glaciers on the Argentine Islands is important and should be done regularly (Glotov et al., 2003; Bakhmutov et al., 2006). GPR method was proven as an informative method for investigation of the structure of the ice caps on the islands in Antarctica (Chernov, 2017). The ice thickness maps were obtained as a result of seasonal Ukraine-Latvia expedition (Karušs, 2019). First signs of seasonal variations in the structure of the ice cap on Galindez Island were obtained for September2017 and September 2018 (Chernov, 2018a). Stable monitoring of the ice caps on Galindez, Winter and Skua islands was started in 2018. The first conclusions about the structure of the ice caps on Galindez, Winter and Skua islands were published in 2018 (Chernov, 2018b). Internal reflecting horizons (IRHs) represent isochronous layers that may be identified by ice radar and traced for hundreds of kilometers within the Earth’s largest ice masses. Siegert et al. (1998) applied this approach to extend the chrono-stratigraphy of the Vostok ice core to a potential drill site near Dome C, located ~ 200 km away. These IRHs are formed as a result of systematic vertical variations in ice permittivity, mainly due to changes in the impurity content of the ice and, to a lesser extent, its density and crystallography (Bryn, 2005). The represented research is aimed on counting the layers and finding of similarities in the structure of the ice caps. Figure 1 A – Location of the Argentine Islands (prepared using the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research Antarctic Digital Database (ADD)). B – directions of the survey along the ice caps on Galindez Isl. (green line along the Woozle Hill), Winter Isl. (the ice cap Foot – yellow line, the ice cap Wordie – orange line) and Skua Isl. (the ice cap Tongue - violet line; the ice cap Solid – blue line). Method The survey was done with VIY3-300 GPR. The settings of surveying: frequency of antenna: 300 MHz, step of surveying: 94-158 mm, time-window (depth of the survey): 330 ns (27.5 m, velocity of electromagnetic wave: 168-170 m/µs), vertical sampling: 500 points, average stacking: 2. Figure 1 B shows the survey directions. For the represented conclusions results from different seasons were considered: January 2018 (Woozle Hill, Solid); May 2018 (Woozle Hill, both on Winter Isl.), October 2018 and February 2019 (all ice caps), June 2019 (Woozle Hill, both on Winter), October GeoTerrace-2020 07-09 December 2020, Lviv, Ukraine 2019 and March 2020 (all islands). The deviation of the direction from the shown lines for the Woozle Hill is 5m, for Winter Isl. was 10 m and for Skua Isl. was 10 m. Synchro and Planner software were used for the survey, processing and interpretation. Processing flow: wavelet filter, windowed background removal, gain, frequency filter. Results and discussion After the processing, linear reflections of the higher amplitude are visible along the ice caps (fig.2 A). Reflections are interpreted as the borders between snow-ice, interior ice layers and ice-rock border. On the fig. 2 B and C interpreted profiles are represented for the ice cap on the Woozle Hill and Wordie. Layers, which are stretching along the whole ice cap were counted. Yellow line shows the place where layers were counted. During the seasonal periods with above zero air temperature and after rain, interior anomalies become visible on the data (brown ovals and polygons on the fig.2). The uppermost horizontal reflection is from the border between snow and ice. Amount of snow varies during the seasons and therefore during the winter depth to this layer is up to 2 meters. Reflections inside of the ice were distinguished and 5-12 major (those are stretching at least along the half of the ice caps were considered for the calculation) layers are visible. On the fig.2 yellow vertical line shows the place of layers calculation – the black and red lines, which are crossed by yellow vertical line, were considered as major borders between layers. Several shorter borders between sub-layers are marked with green and orange lines. The inclination of the reflective borders could be provoked by the topography of the bedrocks and intensity of the precipitations during different time periods; the thickness of the layers possibly depends on the complex effect of the amount and type of precipitation, and temperature conditions for the corresponding period. Similar layering of the ice is described as isochrones of the amplitudes on the GPR data and associated with the presence of volcanic ash (Blindow, 2010). For the mentioned five ice caps, not enough in-situ investigations were done to conclude exactly about the nature of these reflections. А В C GeoTerrace-2020 07-09 December 2020, Lviv, Ukraine D E F Figure 2 The GPR profiles were recorded in North-South direction along the ice caps: A – on the Woozle hill without interpretation, B - along the Woozle hill with interpretation, C – Wordie; D – Foot; E – Solid; F – Tongue. Ovals and polygons mark anomalies on the profiles. Reflections between layers are marked: major - with black, red; minor - green and orange lines. Brown curve marks the reflection from ice-rock border. Conclusions 1. As a result of this investigation, the number of layers in the ice was counted for each ice cap: Woozle Hill – 10, Wordie – 8, Foot – 5, Solid – 9, Tongue – 8. 2. Some similar features for the ice caps are visible. Layered structure and presence of interior anomalies closer to the edge of the ice caps is evident. The ice caps, which located closer to the outer waters around the Argentine Islands (on the Woozle Hill and Skua Island) are characterized by the presence of more layers. This phenomenon may occur because the islands Galindez and Skua shield Winter island from the wet air, however harsh winds blow out the fresh snow from the surface of ice caps Wordie and Foot. Meanwhile, more snow was accumulated on the sticky wet surface of the ice caps on the Woozle Hill, Tongue and Solid. 3. There is a similar correlative layer which is stretching along the whole distance of the ice GeoTerrace-2020 07-09 December 2020, Lviv, Ukraine caps (red color on the fig.2). Layers above this one reflections are more tilted and are stretching on the less distance. 4. Further interior investigations should be done to trace chrono-stratigraphy of the ice cap layers. References Bakhmutov, V.G., Vashchenko, V.N., Grishchenko, V.F., Korchagin, I.N., Levashov, S.V., Pishchanyi I.N. (2006). Methods and results of measurements of the ice thickness of the glaciers Little Wiggins (Antarctic Peninsula) and Domashniy (Galindez Island). Ukrainian Antarctic Journal, 4-5, 47-51. https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.4-5.2006.525 Blindow N., Suckro S.K., Ruckamp M., Braun M., Schindler M., Breuer B., Saurer H., Simoes J.C., Lange M.A. (2010). Geometry and thermal regime of the King George Island ice cap, Antarctica, from GPR and GPS. Annals of Glaciology 51(55), p. 103-109. https://doi.org/10.3189/172756410791392691 Bryn Hubbard, Neil Glasser (2005). Field Techniques in Glaciology and Glacial Geomorphology. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England Chernov, A. (2017). Informativeness of ground penetrating radar method for investigations of the glaciers on Galindez, Winter and Skua islands (the Argentine islands, results for the period April tо November 2017). Ukrainian Antarctic Journal, №16, 29—36. https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.16.2017.56 Chernov, A., J. Karušs, K. Lamsters, M. Krievāns, Yu. Otruba. (2018a). First results of glacier monitoring on Woozle hill (Galindez island, the Argentine islands, Antarctica) for the period April 2017-August 2018. Monitoring of Geological Processes and Ecological Condition of the Environment, Kyiv, Ukraine, 13–16 November 2018. Chernov, A., K. Lamsters, J. Karušs, M. Krievāns, Yu. Otruba. (2018b). A brief review of GPR investigation results of ice caps on Galindez, Winter and Skua islands (Wilhelm archipelago, Antarctica) for the period April 2017 – January 2019. Ukrainian Antarctic Journal, №1 (17), 40—47. https://doi.org/10.33275/1727-7485.1(17).2018.30 Glotov, V.M., Kovalenok, S.B., Milinevskii, G.P., Nakalov, E.F., Fulitka, J.V. (2003). Monitoring of small glaciers as indicators of climate changes in the area of the Antarctic Penninsula. Ukrainian Antarctic Journal, 1, 93-98.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Annex 8 Report of the Working Group on Ecosystem
    Annex 8 Report of the Working Group on Ecosystem Monitoring and Management (Cambridge, UK, 9 to 13 July 2018) Contents Page Introduction and opening of the meeting ................................................. 251 Ecosystem impact of the krill fishery ...................................................... 251 Risk assessment framework for Divisions 58.4.1 and 58.4.2 ........................... 251 Risk assessment framework for Area 48 ................................................. 252 Fishing activities ............................................................................ 252 Fishery notification ......................................................................... 253 Fishery index ................................................................................ 253 Scientific observation ...................................................................... 253 Finfish by-catch observation ........................................................... 253 Revised krill trawl logbook for the 2019 season ...................................... 254 Ice krill by-catch ........................................................................ 254 Krill biology, ecology and population dynamics......................................... 255 Krill life-history parameters ............................................................ 258 CPUE and spatial dynamics ............................................................... 258 Continuous trawl catch recording ...................................................... 259 Data layers from
    [Show full text]
  • Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No
    Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 108 GREEN ISLAND, BERTHELOT ISLANDS, ANTARCTIC PENINSULA 1. Description of values to be protected Green Island (Latitude 65°19' S, Longitude 64°09' W, approximately 0.2 km2), Berthelot Islands, Grandidier Channel, Antarctic Peninsula, was originally designated as a Specially Protected Area through Recommendation IV-9 (1966, SPA No. 9) after a proposal by the United Kingdom. It was designated on the grounds that the vegetation “is exceptionally rich, [and] is probably the most luxuriant anywhere on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula”. The Recommendation noted: “in some places the humus is 2 metres thick and that this area, being of outstanding scientific interest, should be protected because it is probably one of the most diverse Antarctic ecosystems”. A Management Plan for the site was prepared by the United Kingdom and adopted through Recommendation XVI-6 (1991). The original reasons for designation were extended and elaborated, although following comparisons to other sites in the vicinity, Green Island was no longer considered to be particularly diverse. The vegetation on the island was described as extensive on the north-facing slopes, with well-developed continuous banks of moss turf formed by Chorisodontium aciphyllum and Polytrichum strictum that, over much of their extent, overlie peat of more than one metre in depth. Antarctic hair grass (Deschampsia antarctica), one of only two native vascular plants that grow south of 56°S, was noted as frequent in small patches near a blue-eyed cormorant (Phalacrocorax atriceps) colony. The colony of blue- eyed cormorants, located on the steep, rocky northwestern corner of the island, was noted as being possibly one of the largest along the Antarctic Peninsula.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctic Primer
    Antarctic Primer By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller Designed by: Olivia Young, Aurora Expeditions October 2018 Cover image © I.Tortosa Morgan Suite 12, Level 2 35 Buckingham Street Surry Hills, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia To anyone who goes to the Antarctic, there is a tremendous appeal, an unparalleled combination of grandeur, beauty, vastness, loneliness, and malevolence —all of which sound terribly melodramatic — but which truly convey the actual feeling of Antarctica. Where else in the world are all of these descriptions really true? —Captain T.L.M. Sunter, ‘The Antarctic Century Newsletter ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 3 CONTENTS I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Guidance for Visitors to the Antarctic Antarctica’s Historic Heritage South Georgia Biosecurity II. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Antarctica The Southern Ocean The Continent Climate Atmospheric Phenomena The Ozone Hole Climate Change Sea Ice The Antarctic Ice Cap Icebergs A Short Glossary of Ice Terms III. THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Life in Antarctica Adapting to the Cold The Kingdom of Krill IV. THE WILDLIFE Antarctic Squids Antarctic Fishes Antarctic Birds Antarctic Seals Antarctic Whales 4 AURORA EXPEDITIONS | Pioneering expedition travel to the heart of nature. CONTENTS V. EXPLORERS AND SCIENTISTS The Exploration of Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty VI. PLACES YOU MAY VISIT South Shetland Islands Antarctic Peninsula Weddell Sea South Orkney Islands South Georgia The Falkland Islands South Sandwich Islands The Historic Ross Sea Sector Commonwealth Bay VII. FURTHER READING VIII. WILDLIFE CHECKLISTS ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 5 Adélie penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Antarctica is the largest wilderness area on earth, a place that must be preserved in its present, virtually pristine state.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register/Vol. 84, No. 78/Tuesday, April 23, 2019/Rules
    Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 78 / Tuesday, April 23, 2019 / Rules and Regulations 16791 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., nor does it require Agricultural commodities, Pesticides SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The any special considerations under and pests, Reporting and recordkeeping Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978, as Executive Order 12898, entitled requirements. amended (‘‘ACA’’) (16 U.S.C. 2401, et ‘‘Federal Actions to Address Dated: April 12, 2019. seq.) implements the Protocol on Environmental Justice in Minority Environmental Protection to the Richard P. Keigwin, Jr., Populations and Low-Income Antarctic Treaty (‘‘the Protocol’’). Populations’’ (59 FR 7629, February 16, Director, Office of Pesticide Programs. Annex V contains provisions for the 1994). Therefore, 40 CFR chapter I is protection of specially designated areas Since tolerances and exemptions that amended as follows: specially managed areas and historic are established on the basis of a petition sites and monuments. Section 2405 of under FFDCA section 408(d), such as PART 180—[AMENDED] title 16 of the ACA directs the Director the tolerance exemption in this action, of the National Science Foundation to ■ do not require the issuance of a 1. The authority citation for part 180 issue such regulations as are necessary proposed rule, the requirements of the continues to read as follows: and appropriate to implement Annex V Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 Authority: 21 U.S.C. 321(q), 346a and 371. to the Protocol. et seq.) do not apply. ■ 2. Add § 180.1365 to subpart D to read The Antarctic Treaty Parties, which This action directly regulates growers, as follows: includes the United States, periodically food processors, food handlers, and food adopt measures to establish, consolidate retailers, not States or tribes.
    [Show full text]
  • Geoterrace-2020-001
    GeoTerrace-2020-001 Volume changes of glacier frontal parts on Galindez and Winter islands in 2013-2019 *Kh. Marusazh (Lviv Polytechnic National University) SUMMARY The results of glacier monitoring on Galindez Island and Winter Island (the Argentine Islands in the Wilhelm Archipelago, Antarctic Peninsula) in 2013-2019 are presents. The main objective of research was to determine how the volumes of glaciers changed in 2013-2019 in the course of a complex study. The materials of the Ukrainian seasonal expedition of 2013-2019 was used: terrestrial laser scanning data of 2013, 2014, 2018, terrestrial digital photography of 2013, 2014, 2018, 2019 and an unmanned aerial vehicle survey of 2019. The technique was used to determine changes in the volumes of glaciers can significantly improve both the speed and accuracy of the measurements. It included complementary processing of scanning data and digital photography of 2013-2018, and digital photography and aerial survey of 2019. Changes in the volumes of glaciers were calculated for the western and southern parts of the glacier on Galindez Island and the southern part of the glacier on Winter Island. The results demonstrate significant changes since 2002. This is confirmed quantitatively by independent studies of the West of the peninsula. Monitoring of the dynamics of glacier volumes enables detection of climatic and glaciological changes in the Antarctic region. GeoTerrace-2020 07-09 December 2020, Lviv, Ukraine Introduction The Antarctic ice cover is a complex natural system whose internal dynamics is sensitive to both atmospheric and oceanic influences. A deeper understanding of the underlying processes may have a profound impact on the development of prognostic models.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctic Treaty Handbook
    Annex Proposed Renumbering of Antarctic Protected Areas Existing SPA’s Existing Site Proposed Year Annex V No. New Site Management Plan No. Adopted ‘Taylor Rookery 1 101 1992 Rookery Islands 2 102 1992 Ardery Island and Odbert Island 3 103 1992 Sabrina Island 4 104 Beaufort Island 5 105 Cape Crozier [redesignated as SSSI no.4] - - Cape Hallet 7 106 Dion Islands 8 107 Green Island 9 108 Byers Peninsula [redesignated as SSSI no. 6] - - Cape Shireff [redesignated as SSSI no. 32] - - Fildes Peninsula [redesignated as SSSI no.5] - - Moe Island 13 109 1995 Lynch Island 14 110 Southern Powell Island 15 111 1995 Coppermine Peninsula 16 112 Litchfield Island 17 113 North Coronation Island 18 114 Lagotellerie Island 19 115 New College Valley 20 116 1992 Avian Island (was SSSI no. 30) 21 117 ‘Cryptogram Ridge’ 22 118 Forlidas and Davis Valley Ponds 23 119 Pointe-Geologic Archipelago 24 120 1995 Cape Royds 1 121 Arrival Heights 2 122 Barwick Valley 3 123 Cape Crozier (was SPA no. 6) 4 124 Fildes Peninsula (was SPA no. 12) 5 125 Byers Peninsula (was SPA no. 10) 6 126 Haswell Island 7 127 Western Shore of Admiralty Bay 8 128 Rothera Point 9 129 Caughley Beach 10 116 1995 ‘Tramway Ridge’ 11 130 Canada Glacier 12 131 Potter Peninsula 13 132 Existing SPA’s Existing Site Proposed Year Annex V No. New Site Management Plan No. Adopted Harmony Point 14 133 Cierva Point 15 134 North-east Bailey Peninsula 16 135 Clark Peninsula 17 136 North-west White Island 18 137 Linnaeus Terrace 19 138 Biscoe Point 20 139 Parts of Deception Island 21 140 ‘Yukidori Valley’ 22 141 Svarthmaren 23 142 Summit of Mount Melbourne 24 118 ‘Marine Plain’ 25 143 Chile Bay 26 144 Port Foster 27 145 South Bay 28 146 Ablation Point 29 147 Avian Island [redesignated as SPA no.
    [Show full text]
  • The Antarctic Treaty Cm 8841
    The Antarctic Treaty Measures adopted at the Thirty-sixth Consultative Meeting held at Brussels, 20 – 29 May 2013 Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs by Command of Her Majesty March 2014 Cm 8841 © Crown copyright 2014 You may re-use this information (excluding logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence v.2. To view this licence visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/2/ or email [email protected] This publication is available at www.gov.uk/government/publications Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at Treaty Section, Foreign and Commo nwealth Office, King Charles Street, London, SW1A 2AH Print ISBN 9781474101134 Web ISBN 9781474101141 Printed in the UK by the Williams Lea Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office ID P002631486 03/14 Printed on paper containing 30% recycled fibre content minimum MEASURES ADOPTED AT THE THIRTY-SIXTH ANTARCTIC TREATY CONSULTATIVE MEETING Brussels, Belgium, 20-29 May 2013 The Measures1 adopted at the Thirty-sixth Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting are reproduced below from the Final Report of the Meeting. In accordance with Article IX, paragraph 4, of the Antarctic Treaty, the Measures adopted at Consultative Meetings become effective upon approval by all Contracting Parties whose representatives were entitled to participate in the meeting at which they were adopted (i.e. all the Consultative Parties). The full text of the Final Report of the Meeting, including the Decisions and Resolutions adopted at that Meeting and colour copies of the maps found in this command paper, is available on the website of the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat at www.ats.aq/documents.
    [Show full text]
  • Interglacial Heterogeneities in the Ice Caps of the Argentine Islands and Their Dynamics During first 2 Years of GPR Investigations
    Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 21, EGU2019-1633, 2019 EGU General Assembly 2019 © Author(s) 2018. CC Attribution 4.0 license. Interglacial heterogeneities in the ice caps of the Argentine islands and their dynamics during first 2 years of GPR investigations Anatolii Chernov (1), Denis Pishniak (2), Kristaps Lamsters (3), Janis¯ Karušs (3), and Maris¯ Krievans¯ (3) (1) Institute of geology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine ([email protected]), (2) Department of Atmospheric Physics, National Antarctic Scientific Center of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine ([email protected]), (3) Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia ([email protected]) First information about glaciological observations in the area of the Antarctic Peninsula is dated by the beginning of the 20-th century (French Antarctic Expedition 1904-1907). In 1960-th, Thomas and Sadler (British Antarctic Survey) noted that the ice cap of Galindez Island like the other Argentine Archipelago islands is a relict of the shelf glacier, which subsequent evolution needs further studies. Therefore, during several Ukrainian short-term researches (video-impulse radiolocation method in 1998, vertical electric-resonance sounding in 2004) of island’s glaciers on Galindez and Winter islands (the Argentine Archipelago) were organized. These researches reveal that monitoring of glaciers on the Argentine islands is important and should be done regularly. Furthermore, informa- tion about changes in island’s glaciers movement, deformation and geometrical parameters is considered to be an indicator of worldwide climate changes. In this paper, results of ground-penetrating radar surveying, drilling with photo-video recording and core sampling, which were done on the glaciers around the station Akademik Vernadsky since April 2017, are described.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctic Peninsula) Under the Antarctic Treaty System, Суспільно-Географічні Ukrainian Antarctic Journal, 1, 111—119, 2020
    Fedchuk, A., Sinna, O., Milinevsky, G., Utevsky, A.: The harmonization of small-scale marine spatial protection in the Argentine Islands area Міжнародне співробітництво: (Antarctic Peninsula) under the Antarctic Treaty System, суспільно-географічні Ukrainian Antarctic Journal, 1, 111—119, 2020. та політико-правові аспекти doi:10.33275/1727-7485.1.2020.384 освоєння Антарктики International Co-Operation: Socio-Economic, Political and Legal Issues of Antarctic Exploration A. Fedchuk 1, *, O. Sinna 2, G. Milinevsky 1, 3, 4, A. Utevsky 1, 2 1 State Institution National Antarctic Scientific Center, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine 2 V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine 3 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine 4 College of Physics, International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China * Corresponding author: [email protected] The harmonization of small-scale marine spatial protection in the Argentine Islands area (Antarctic Peninsula) under the Antarctic Treaty System Abstract. The purpose of the article is to summarize the results of field studies carried out in the framework of the State Antarc- tic Research Program for 2011–2020 and undertaken to identify areas of special interest for small-scale marine spatial protec- tion in the Argentine Islands water area. The scientific results reported in the publications and relevant meetings’ documents officially presented by the Ukrainian delegation in 2012–2019 were summarized and interpreted in view of the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS) provisions on marine spatial protection. GIS analysis was applied to field data. It is shown that the development of protection regime for small-scale underwater landscape is based on systematic biogeographical data collected during sea- sonal and year-round Ukrainian Antarctic expeditions in 2011–2019.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief Review of Ground Penetrating Radar
    UDС 550.837.76 A. Chernov 1, 3, *, K. Lamsters 2, J. Karušs 2, M. Krievāns 2, Yu. Otruba 3 1 Institute of Geology, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 90 Vasylkivska Str., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine 2 Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, 19 Raina Boulevard, LV-1586, Riga, Latvia 3 State Institution National Antarctic Scientific Center, Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, 16 Taras Shevchenko Blvd., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine * Corresponding author: [email protected] A BRIEF REVIEW OF GROUND PENETRATING RADAR INVESTIGATION RESULTS OF ICE CAPS ON GALINDEZ, WINTER AND SKUA ISLANDS (WILHELM ARCHIPELAGO, ANTARCTICA) FOR THE PERIOD APRIL 2017 — JANUARY 2019 ABSTRACT. This paper represents results of GPR surveying of the ice caps on Galindez (–64.24716W; –65.24992S), Winter (–64.25954W; –65.24944S) and Skua (–64.26530W; –65.25309S) islands (Wilhelm Archipelago, Antarctica) for the period April 2017 — January 2019. The main objectives were identification of the ice layering, monitoring of interglacial heterogeneities (crevasses, interglacial channels and voids) and measurements of the ice thickness. Methods: Surveying on the glaciers has been do ne with ground coupled shielded bowtie antenna VIY3-300 (300 MHz) GPR and with air coupled dipole Zond 12-e (75 MHz) antenna system. Monitoring investigation of glacier’s interior has been done with VIY3-300. Zond 12-e was applied mostly for indication of the ice-rock border. Monitoring investigation has been done on one (1) ice cap on Galindez Island, on two (2) ice caps on Winter Island and on two (2) ice caps on Skua Island. Monitoring with VIY3-300 GPR of the ice cap on Galindez Island has been done once per month since April 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • SECTION THREE: Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica
    SECTION THREE: Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica The need to protect historic sites and monuments became apparent as the number of expeditions to the Antarctic increased. At the Seventh Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting it was agreed that a list of historic sites and monuments be created. So far 74 sites have been identified. All of them are monuments – human artifacts rather than areas – and many of them are in close proximity to scientific stations. Provision for protection of these sites is contained in Annex V, Article 8. Listed Historic Sites and Monuments may not be damaged, removed, or destroyed. 315 List of Historic Sites and Monuments Identified and Described by the Proposing Government or Governments 1. Flag mast erected in December 1965 at the South Geographical Pole by the First Argentine Overland Polar Expedition. 2. Rock cairn and plaques at Syowa Station (Lat 69°00’S, Long 39°35’E) in memory of Shin Fukushima, a member of the 4th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition, who died in October 1960 while performing official duties. The cairn was erected on 11 January 1961, by his colleagues. Some of his ashes repose in the cairn. 3. Rock cairn and plaque on Proclamation Island, Enderby Land, erected in January 1930 by Sir Douglas Mawson (Lat 65°51’S, Long 53°41’E) The cairn and plaque commemorate the landing on Proclamation Island of Sir Douglas Mawson with a party from the British, Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition of 1929­ 31. 4. Station building to which a bust of V. I. Lenin is fixed, together with a plaque in memory of the conquest of the Pole of Inaccessibility by Soviet Antarctic explorers in 1958 (Lat 83°06’S, Long 54°58’E).
    [Show full text]
  • November 1960 I Believe That the Major Exports of Antarctica Are Scientific Data
    JIET L S. Antarctic Projects OfficerI November 1960 I believe that the major exports of Antarctica are scientific data. Certainly that is true now and I think it will be true for a long time and I think these data may turn out to be of vastly, more value to all mankind than all of the mineral riches of the continent and the life of the seas that surround it. The Polar Regions in Their Relation to Human Affairs, by Laurence M. Gould (Bow- man Memorial Lectures, Series Four), The American Geographiql Society, New York, 1958 page 29.. I ITOJ TJM II IU1viBEt 3 IToveber 1960 CONTENTS 1 The First Month 1 Air Operations 2 Ship Oper&tions 3 Project MAGNET NAF McMurdo Sounds October Weather 4 4 DEEP FREEZE 62 Volunteers Solicited A DAY AT TEE SOUTH POLE STATION, by Paul A Siple 5 in Antarctica 8 International Cooperation 8 Foreign Observer Exchange Program 9 Scientific Exchange Program NavyPrograrn 9 Argentine Navy-U.S. Station Cooperation 9 10 Other Programs 10 Worlds Largest Aircraft in Antarctic Operation 11 ANTARCTICA, by Emil Schulthess The Antarctic Treaty 11 11 USNS PRIVATE FRANIC 3. FETRARCA (TAK-250) 1961 Scientific Leaders 12 NAAF Little Rockford Reopened 13 13 First Flight to Hallett Station 14 Simmer Operations Begin at South Pole First DEEP FREEZE 61 Airdrop 14 15 DEEP FREEZE 61 Cargo Antarctic Real Estate 15 Antarctic Chronology,. 1960-61 16 The 'AuuOiA vises to t):iank Di * ?a]. A, Siple for his artj.ole Wh.4b begins n page 5 Matera1 for other sections of bhis issue was drawn from radio messages and fran information provided bY the DepBr1nozrt of State the Nat0na1 Academy , of Soienoes the NatgnA1 Science Fouxidation the Office 6f NAval Re- search, and the U, 3, Navy Hydziograpbio Offioe, Tiis, issue of tie 3n oovers: i16, aótivitiès o events 11 Novóiber The of the Uxitéd States.
    [Show full text]