DOCSLIB.ORG

Beirut: Includes Baalbek, Byblos, Chouf Mountains, Mount Lebanon Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Beirut: Includes Baalbek, Byblos, Chouf Mountains, Mount Lebanon Pdf FREE BEIRUT: INCLUDES BAALBEK, BYBLOS, CHOUF MOUNTAINS, MOUNT LEBANON PDF Jessica Lee | 104 pages | 07 Oct 2014 | Footprint Travel Guides | 9781909268913 | English | Bath, United Kingdom Chouf District - Wikipedia DeviantArt is the world's largest online social community for artists and art enthusiasts, allowing people to connect through the creation and sharing of art. Bieteddine Palace, Lebanon. Deir El Kamar, Lebanon. The Cedars of God:. Explore ShadiBraish's photos on Flickr. ShadiBraish has uploaded 59 photos to Flickr. Ever since the Beirut: Includes Baalbek aunt moved in, a new game has developed itself in our Byblos. It has a letter very Byblos to it however; the B. Foreign words that are used in Arabic, and that Chouf Mountains with a P, are therefore pronounced with a B. But quite a few Lebanese are most comfortable with Arabic…. The folks from Chouf Mountains Mir Amin Palace invited me to spend a night and give my take on the five-star resort overlooking the Shouf Mountains in Beitedinne. There's so much to love about the place, but to put it simply, the hotel's greatness is in its namesake: You'll truly feel like royalty when you stay at this hotel. Click through the slideshow to read more about my favorite things at Mir Amin palace. Mount Lebanon is using cookies to help give you the best experience we can. Got it! 50 Best Mount Lebanon images | mount lebanon, lebanon, beirut lebanon Lebanon in detail. The shift is attributed to the mass emigration of Christians during and since the civil war, and to higher birth rates Chouf Mountains Muslims. Christians comprise Traditionally, Muslim Shiites have largely inhabited the south of the country, the Bekaa Chouf Mountains and southern suburbs of Beirut. Though recent years have seen geographical population shifts, particularly in Beirut, this still largely holds true today. In summer, many Lebanese towns and villages hold dance and Chouf Mountains festivals, which are well worth looking out for. Those in Baalbek, Beiteddine and Byblos are particularly well known. Though it Mount Lebanon the publishing powerhouse of the Middle East for much of the 20th century, Beirut suffered during Chouf Mountains civil war and much of its recent literary output has been shaped by this long drawn-out and horrific event. Of Chouf Mountains writers Mount Lebanon remained in Lebanon during the civil war, Emily Nasrallah b is a leading figure who is best known for her award-winning debut novel The Birds of September. The latter was awarded the prestigious Prix Goncourt in Elias Khoury has published 10 novels, many available in Beirut: Includes Baalbek his novel Gate of the Sun has achieved particular international acclaim. Lebanese cinema managed to survive the civil war years and the industry is currently Mount Lebanon, despite frequently difficult Mount Lebanon. Fayrouz has enjoyed star status since her first recordings in Damascus in the s, and later became an icon for Lebanon during the civil war which she sat out in Paris. Now in her 80s, her most recent album is 's Bebalee. Najwa Karam rose to stardom during Chouf Mountains s. With 19 albums under Beirut: Includes Baalbek belt, including the blockbuster Nedmaneh, she remains a driving force on the Lebanese music scene. Her most recent release is 's Menni Elak. Mainstream pop artists include Nancy Ajram and Haifa Wehbe, both producing catchy tunes and raunchy videos. Crusader structures can be admired in Saida and Byblos, and in Tripoli when safe to visit. Beiteddine Palace, also in the Chouf Mountains, is a melange of Italian and traditional Arab architecture, more remarkable for its lavish interiors than any architectural innovation. Situated on the former Green Line, the club pays homage to the past at a site that was formerly a quarantine zone, a refugee camp and the site of an appalling massacre during the war — and is worth a visit as much for its appearance as for its DJs and crowd. Though she doesn't identify as Lebanese, the internationally acclaimed installation and video artist Mona Hatoum was born in Beirut in to Palestinian parents. She now lives and works Byblos London. Other expatriate artists of note include the late, US based, Helen Khal; Mireille Eid Astorea photomedia Beirut: Includes Baalbek and filmmaker born in Beirut in but now living in Australia; and Palestinian-Lebanese painter Jeffar Khaldi, who is now based in Dubai. Cedrus libani is a beautiful evergreen of the conifer family with a Chouf Mountains distinctive flat-branched shape. In Lebanon it grows mostly from m to m of elevation. Up in the mountains here there are some exceptionally ancient examples. Of these remnants of a once-abundant arboreal past, the best places to view the remaining cedars of Lebanon are either Beirut: Includes Baalbek the Chouf Cedar Reserve, or at the small grove at the Cedars ski resort in the north of the country. It wields enormous influence in the country — particularly in the south — and currently holds 12 seats in the national parliament, including two cabinet positions. It also has its own radio station, TV network and countrywide network Byblos social services. After the Israeli invasion of Lebanon, Iranian revolutionary guards began to preach to Lebanon's disaffected Shiites, Mount Lebanon proved receptive to their message of overthrowing Western imperialism and the anti—Muslim Phalange. Hezbollah was formed at this time. Alongside suicide bombings, its ruthless armed wing also resorted to taking hostages, including CIA bureau chief William Buckley, who was kidnapped, tortured and killed in — Other victims included Associated Press bureau chief Terry Anderson, kidnapped in and held until Beirut: Includes Baalbek and UK envoy Terry Waite, kidnapped in and held until Many in Lebanon and the Arab world credit Hezbollah with ending the Israeli occupation of Lebanon inan achievement celebrated at the Resistance Tourist Landmark in Mleeta near Nabitiyeh in the Mount Lebanon south. Their solid resistance to the Israeli invasion in also won them credit across the country, though it was their anti-Israel activity that arguably provoked that invasion in the first place. Hezbollah's Beirut: Includes Baalbek leader and public face is Hassan Nasrallah bwhose base Beirut: Includes Baalbek in the village of Bazourieh, near Byblos. Nasrallah has studied Islamic theology in Chouf Mountains, Iraq and Iran, and is known for his charismatic and evocative brand of rhetoric. Admired for its welfare and education projects, and feared for its military capability and history of violence, Hezbollah is branded a terrorist organisation by a number of Western governments and is known for its rocket attacks on Israel, kidnap missions against that country's soldiers and attacks on Israeli citizens abroad. Hezbollah is heavily backed by the fellow Shiite Iranian government and has been intimately Byblos in the Syrian Civil War, fighting alongside government forces. The area of land allocated for these camps has not increased since their establishment, despite significant population growth, leading to situations whereby families of up to 10 members are forced to live in a single room. Amnesty International estimates that there are another to second-generation unregistered refugees living illegally and without rights. Other UN agencies place the total number of registered Byblos unregistered refugees atPalestinian refugees in Lebanon suffer Chouf Mountains a lack of opportunities, being prohibited from joining many professions, largely barred from owning or improving property and having only limited access to public health care, education and welfare programs. The civil war in neighbouring Syria has had a huge impact on Lebanon. This was an enormous burden to shoulder for a country with a native population of only four million, and though the UNHCR and other international aid organisations were in the country to assist, the task of housing, feeding, educating and providing health care for the refugees was placing a huge burden on Lebanon's weak economy and inadequate infrastructure. At the time of writing, there are no official Syrian refugee camps in Lebanon — the Lebanese wouldn't countenance the possibility of hosting more Palestinian-style permanent refugee settlements — so many of the Syrian refugees are living in appalling conditions Beirut: Includes Baalbek proper housing, heating, running water or electricity. None are able to work legally even illegal Mount Lebanon are scarce and only a small percentage of Syrian children attend school. For more information, see www. Located south-east of Beirutthe region comprises a narrow coastal strip notable for the Christian town of Damourand Byblos valleys and Beirut: Includes Baalbek of the western slopes of Jabal BaroukMount Lebanon name of the local Mount Lebanon massif, on which the largest forest of Cedars of Lebanon is found. The Emirs of Lebanon used Chouf Mountains have their residence in Chouf, most notably Bachir Chehab IIwho built the magnificent palace of Beiteddine during the first half of the 19th century. Another historical town, just facing Beiteddine, is Deir al Qamar the monastery of the Moon. Beirut: Includes Baalbek is the heartland of the Lebanese Druze community, with Druze leader Walid Jumblatt residing at the Jumblatt palace in the town of Moukhtara. The Chouf is one of the best-preserved Lebanese districts and its nature has been generally spared from the intense building of neighboring Metn and Kesrouan. Despite the historical feuds between Christian Maronites and Druzethe Chouf district is still one of the most religiously diverse regions in Lebanon. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. District in Mount Lebanon Governorate, Lebanon. Lebanese Forces in Arabic. Retrieved 31 October Districts of Lebanon. Baalbek Byblos. Jezzine Sidon Tyre. Bint Jbeil Hasbaya Marjeyoun Nabatieh. Chouf DistrictMount Lebanon Governorate. Capital: Beitedine. Categories : Chouf District Districts of Lebanon. Hidden categories: CS1 uses Arabic-language script ar CS1 Arabic-language sources ar Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Articles containing Arabic-language text Coordinates on Wikidata Articles containing French-language text.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lebanon: Military Activities in the Chouf District That Might Have Involved the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF); Links Between
    Response to Information Request LBN101023.E Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada www.irb-cisr.gc.ca Français Home Contact Us Help Search canada.gc.ca Home > Research > Responses to Information Requests RESPONSES TO INFORMATION REQUESTS (RIRs) New Search | About RIRs | Help The Board 12 April 2006 About the Board LBN101023.E Biographies Organization Chart Lebanon: Military activities in the Chouf district that might have involved the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF); links between the IDF and the Druze in Lebanon (January Employment 1980 - April 2006) Legal and Policy Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Ottawa References Publications According to the Encyclopedia of the World's Minorities, published in 2005, Lebanon's roughly 200,000 Druze form seven percent of the nation's population Tribunal and are mostly concentrated in the Chouf (also spelled Shuf [Mackey 1989, 187]) Refugee Protection mountains south of Beirut (410). Division Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) - Druze Relations During the Lebanese Civil Immigration Division War Immigration Appeal Division In 14 March 2006 correspondence sent to the Research Directorate, a Decisions professor of political science at the American University of Beirut provided the following information: Forms Statistics The IDF [Israeli Defense Forces] occupied the Chouf district in June 1982, during Research their invasion of Lebanon. They completely evacuated the area by the beginning of 1984. Most IDF troops stationed in the Chouf district were Israeli Druze. Apart from Research Program driving the PLO and the Syrian army from the district, the IDF had no military National activity. The IDF achieved its military objective in the Chouf district within a few Documentation days in June 1982...
    [Show full text]
  • Beiteddine-Deir El Qamar-Mussa Castle Al Chouf Cedar
    The Unique Experience! Beiteddine-Deir El Qamar-Mussa Castle Al Chouf Cedar Beiteddine: Beit ed-Dine is a small Lebanese town in the Chouf District, approx. 50 km southeast of Beirut and near the town of Deir el-Qamar from which it is separated by a steep valley. The town is famous for its magnificent Beiteddine Palace which hosts the Beiteddine Festival every summer. Haret Hreik | Hadi Nasrallah Blvd. | Hoteit Bldg. 1st Floor | Beirut, Lebanon Phone: 961 1 55 15 66 Mobile: 961 76 63 53 93 www.elajouztravel.com Deir El Qamar: It is a village in south-central Lebanon, five kilometers outside of Beiteddine, consisting of stone houses with red-tiled roofs. Moussa Castle: It was built single-handedly by Moussa Abdel Karim Al-Maamari (born in July 27, 1931), a Lebanese visionary. It is the work of his life. He needed 60 years (21900 days and 394200 hours) of work. Haret Hreik | Hadi Nasrallah Blvd. | Hoteit Bldg. 1st Floor | Beirut, Lebanon Phone: 961 1 55 15 66 Mobile: 961 76 63 53 93 www.elajouztravel.com Beiteddine – Mussa Castle Baakline ( Shallalat Al Zarka) Ain W Zein Grotto Baakleen is a city located in Mount Lebanon, Chouf District, 45 kilometers southeast of Beirut. Altitude 850 – 920 meters high, population is 17,000, area 14 square km, number of homes 2,870. Bordering Towns: Deir El Kamar, Beit Eddine, Aynbal, Deir Dourit, Symkanieh, and Jahlieh. Haret Hreik | Hadi Nasrallah Blvd. | Hoteit Bldg. 1st Floor | Beirut, Lebanon Phone: 961 1 55 15 66 Mobile: 961 76 63 53 93 www.elajouztravel.com Shallalat Al Zarka Located in an amazing Baakline river, El Chouf Haret Hreik | Hadi Nasrallah Blvd.
    [Show full text]
  • The Psalms As Hymns in the Temple of Jerusalem Gary A
    4 The Psalms as Hymns in the Temple of Jerusalem Gary A. Rendsburg From as far back as our sources allow, hymns were part of Near Eastern temple ritual, with their performers an essential component of the temple functionaries. 1 These sources include Sumerian, Akkadian, and Egyptian texts 2 from as early as the third millennium BCE. From the second millennium BCE, we gain further examples of hymns from the Hittite realm, even if most (if not all) of the poems are based on Mesopotamian precursors.3 Ugarit, our main source of information on ancient Canaan, has not yielded songs of this sort in 1. For the performers, see Richard Henshaw, Female and Male: The Cu/tic Personnel: The Bible and Rest ~(the Ancient Near East (Allison Park, PA: Pickwick, 1994) esp. ch. 2, "Singers, Musicians, and Dancers," 84-134. Note, however, that this volume does not treat the Egyptian cultic personnel. 2. As the reader can imagine, the literature is ~xtensive, and hence I offer here but a sampling of bibliographic items. For Sumerian hymns, which include compositions directed both to specific deities and to the temples themselves, see Thorkild Jacobsen, The Harps that Once ... : Sumerian Poetry in Translation (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987), esp. 99-142, 375--444. Notwithstanding the much larger corpus of Akkadian literarure, hymn~ are less well represented; see the discussion in Alan Lenzi, ed., Reading Akkadian Prayers and Hymns: An Introduction, Ancient Near East Monographs (Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2011), 56-60, with the most important texts included in said volume. For Egyptian hymns, see Jan A%mann, Agyptische Hymnen und Gebete, Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1999); Andre Barucq and Frarn;:ois Daumas, Hymnes et prieres de /'Egypte ancienne, Litteratures anciennes du Proche-Orient (Paris: Cerf, 1980); and John L.
    [Show full text]
  • Fy2020 Annual Report Lebanon Community Support Program
    LEBANON COMMUNITY SUPPORT PROGRAM FY2020 ANNUAL REPORT LEBANON COMMUNITY SUPPORT PROGRAM DISCLAIMER The authors’ views expressed in this deliverable do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States government. FY2020 ANNUAL REPORT USAID/LEBANON COMMUNITY SUPPORT PROGRAM OCTOBER 30, 2020 REVISED: DECEMBER 14, 2020 IDIQ Contract No. 72026818D00005 Task Order No. 1 72026818F00002 Task Order No. 2 72026818F00003 Task Order No. 3 72026819F00001 Task Order No. 5 72026819F00003 USAID/Lebanon Community Support Program (CSP) Chemonics International Inc. Fattal-Dolphin Building, 4th Floor, Sin el Fil Beirut, Lebanon FRONT COVER PHOTO Workers undergo a training from the community support director ahead of their first day of clean-up work as part of CSP’s response to the August 4, 2020, explosions in Beirut. The workers received USD 20 per workday to remove rubble and debris through a mix of manual labor and heavy machinery. By the end of Fiscal Year 2020, more than 300 CSP-contracted workers had removed a total of 3,929 tons of debris and rubble from blast-affected neighborhoods. BACK COVER PHOTO Members of the Women’s COOP for Agricultural Products in Jdaidet el Qaitaa (Akkar) package products during a CSP-provided training in July 2020 focused on improving production methods and standardizing recipes. The training is complementing CSP’s activities to finish building a new center for the women’s operations, helping to generate much-needed income for women from one of Lebanon’s most
    [Show full text]
  • Treasures of Lebanon
    Treasures‘A classical tour of theof Paris Lebanon of the East’ Visiting cosmopolitan Beirut, the ancient Roman ruins of Baalbek, the breathtaking scenery of The Cedars, sophisticated Byblos and the historical cities of Tyre, Sidon and Tripoli. Enjoy gastronomic food, great wines and explore beautiful Lebanon with expert guidance throughout. Detail of a sarcophagus with the legend of Achilleus in marble in The National Museum of Beirut. The sarcophagus was Found in Tyre and dates from the 2nd C AD. This relief is in the tradition of classical Greek Art. Tyre, situated on the Lebanese coast south of the capital was founded by the Phoenicians to become the first commercial metropolis in the world and from here their economic empire expanded. The sarcophagus of King Hirman of Tyre was found here and there remains the ruins that escaped the destruction of the Assyrians, the Persians and the Arabs. Sidon lies 25 miles south of Beirut and today is known as Saida. During a moment in history the principal port out of which the Phoenicians sailed to conquer the Mediterranean world, and perhaps farther, culturally and commercially. The city was constantly harassed by invaders and the naval fortress became the symbol of the city. Deir el Qamar is unique in Lebanon; a town restored and maintained in a style many centuries old. Deir el Qamar not only preserves its grand feudal architecture, but also its old stepped streets, walled gardens and picturesque corners. The Beiteddine Palace complex is the country’s best example of early 19th century Lebanese architecture. The most spectacular view of the palace and its surroundings is from the village of Deir el Qamar.
    [Show full text]
  • 529 – the Cedars of Lebanon
    Sermon #529 Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit 1 THE CEDARS OF LEBANON NO. 529 A SERMON DELIVERED ON SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 13, 1863, BY THE REV. C. H. SPURGEON, AT THE METROPOLITAN TABERNACLE, NEWINGTON. “The trees of the Lord are full of sap, the cedars of Lebanon, which He has planted.” Psalm 104:16. IF Solomon were here this morning, who spoke of all trees, from the hyssop on the wall to the cedar that is in Lebanon, he would greatly instruct us in the natural history of the cedar and, at the same time, uttering allegories and proverbs of wisdom, he would give us apples of gold in baskets of silver! But since the Lord Jesus Christ has said, “Lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the world,” we can dispense with the company of Solomon, for if Christ is present, behold, a greater than Solomon is here! Solomon probably would confine his remarks simply to the physical conformation and botany of the wonderful tree, but our Lord, I trust, will speak to our hearts, this morning, concerning those who are “planted in the courts of the Lord,” and therefore, flourish like cedars. May our communications, this morning, be blessed to us while we talk of those trees of the Lord, those plants of His own right hand planting which grow in the garden of the Lord! I shall have to say some things, this morning, which are not for beginners in the gospel school; I shall have to handle some lofty matters which belong to the most advanced of the Lord’s family, for Lebanon is a high hill, and the ascent is very craggy.
    [Show full text]
  • Greater Beirut Water Supply Project (GBWSP) (Litani I Bisri) Contents I
    Complaint Against Greater Beirut Water Supply Project (GBWSP) (Litani I Bisri) Contents I. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 2 II. Analysis of Alternatives.............................................................................................................. 3 A. The Greater Beirut Water Supply Project ................................................................................ 3 B. The Bisri Dam ........................................................................................................................ 4 C. Damour Dam proposed by Fathi Chatila since 1996 ............................................................. 4 D. Damour Dam Proposed By Liban Consult .......................................................................... 5 III. Harms that will result from the GBWSP as it is currently being planned ..................................... 5 A. Caused to Greater Beirut Inhabitants ...................................................................................... 5 i. High Water Tariffs .................................................................................................................... 5 ii. Water Pollution ........................................................................................................................6 B. Depriving Dry Lands from being Irrigated........................................................................... 7 C. Harms Caused to AI- Chouf Ilkleem
    [Show full text]
  • The Cedars of God Is One of the Last Vestiges of the Extensive Forests of the Cedars of Lebanon That Thrived Across Mount Lebanon in Ancient Times
    The Unique Experience! The Cedars of God is one of the last vestiges of the extensive forests of the Cedars of Lebanon that thrived across Mount Lebanon in ancient times. Their timber was exploited by the Phoenicians, the Assyrians, Babylonians and Persians. The wood was prized by Egyptians for shipbuilding; the Ottoman Empire also used the cedars in railway construction. Haret Hreik | Hadi Nasrallah Blvd. | Hoteit Bldg. 1st Floor | Beirut, Lebanon Phone: 961 1 55 15 66 Mobile: 961 76 63 53 93 www.elajouztravel.com Ehden Ehden is a mountainous town situated in the heart of the northern mountains of Lebanon and on the southwestern slopes of Mount Makmal in the Mount Lebanon Range. Its residents are the people of Zgharta, as it is within the Zgharta District. Becharreh Bsharri is a town at an altitude of about 1,500 m (4,900 ft) in the Kadisha Valley in northern Lebanon. It is located in the Bsharri District of the North Governorate. Bsharri is the town of the only remaining Original Cedars of Lebanon, and is the birthplace of the famous poet, painter and sculptor Khalil Gibran who now has a museum in the town to honor him. Haret Hreik | Hadi Nasrallah Blvd. | Hoteit Bldg. 1st Floor | Beirut, Lebanon Phone: 961 1 55 15 66 Mobile: 961 76 63 53 93 www.elajouztravel.com Gibran Khalil Gibran Museum The Gibran Museum, formerly the Monastery of Mar Sarkis, is a biographical museum in Bsharri, Lebanon, 120 kilometres from Beirut. It is dedicated to the Lebanese artist, writer and philosopher Khalil Gibran.
    [Show full text]
  • Lebanon and Cyprus: Civilisations of the Eastern Mediterranean 2022
    Lebanon and Cyprus: Civilisations of the Eastern Mediterranean 2022 29 SEP – 19 OCT 2022 Code: 22241 Tour Leaders Tony O’Connor Physical Ratings Join archaeologist Tony O'Connor and discover the rich history of the Eastern Mediterranean through the archaeology, art and architecture of Lebanon and Cyprus. Overview Join Tony O'Connor archaeologist, museum professional and experienced tour lecturer to discover the rich history of the Eastern Mediterranean through the archaeology, art and architecture of Cyprus and Lebanon. In Cyprus, Tony will be assisted by archaeologist David Pearlman, who has worked on a number of excavations including the Late Bronze Age settlement at Ayios Dimitrios. Lebanon Explore some of the world’s oldest, continuously inhabited cities such as Beirut, Tyre, Sidon and Byblos; discover their diverse history from 5000 BC to the 21st century. Explore the coastal city of Tyre, famous for its purple dye (Tyrian purple) made from Murex sea snails and featuring extensive Roman ruins. View the wonderful Roman temple complex of Baalbek including the monumental Temple of Jupiter and the finely carved Temple of Bacchus. Explore the UNESCO World Heritage-listed Umayyad city of Anjar, a commercial centre at the crossroads of two important trade routes. Chart the history of the Phoenicians in archaeological sites like the Obelisk Temple at Byblos Archaeological Site, as well as remains in Lebanon’s coastal cities. Explore Crusader Castles in Lebanon and Cyprus: the Citadel of Raymond de Saint-Gilles in Tripoli, the Sea Castle of Sidon, the Castle of Kolossi and the St Hilarion Castle near Kyrenia. In Tripoli wander the atmospheric Old City famous for its medieval Mamluk architecture including colourful souqs, hammams, khans, mosques and madrasas.
    [Show full text]
  • Lebanon Presenation
    Qadisha Valley and the Cedars of Lebanon The Cedars of God Arz ar-Rabb “Cedars of the Lord”) is one of the last vestiges of the extensive forestsب رﻻ زرأ :The Cedars of God (Arabic • of the Lebanon Cedar,Cedrus libani , that once thrived across Mount Lebanon in ancient times. • Their timber was exploited by the Phoenicians, Egyptians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Romans, and Turks.The wood was prized by Egyptians for ship building;the Ottoman Empire used the cedars in railway construction. Mountains of Lebanon Mountains of Lebanon and Interesting Myths. • The Mountains of Lebanon were once shaded by thick cedar forests and the tree is the symbol of the country. • It was once said that a battle occurred between the demigods and the humans over the beautiful and divine forest of Cedar trees near southern Mesopotamia. • This forest, once protected by the Sumerian God Enlil, was completely bared of its trees when humans entered its grounds 4700 years ago, after winning the battle against the guardians of the forest. • The story also tells that Gilgamesh used cedar wood to build his city. History and Biblical History • The Phoenicians used the Cedars Woods for their merchant fleets. • The Egyptians used cedar resin for the mummification process and the cedar wood for some of “their first hieroglyph bearing rolls of papyrus”. • In the Bible, Solomon procured cedar timber to build the Temple in Jerusalem. • During World War I, British troops used cedar to build railroads. • In 1876, Queen Victoria paid for a high stone wall to protect the cedars of God from browsing by goats • The emperor Hadrian claimed these forests as an imperial domain, and destruction of the cedar forests was temporarily halted.
    [Show full text]
  • RESILIENT CEDARS Centuries of Exploitation Have Decimated Lebanon’S Forests, with Its Famous Cedars the Hardest Hit
    EXPLORE RESILIENT CEDARS Centuries of exploitation have decimated Lebanon’s forests, with its famous cedars the hardest hit. However, reforestation efforts are showing promising results. 30 FLASHES / JULY 2018 ENVIRONMENT Although the Lebanon cedar, Cedrus libani, is Thankfully, government bodies, USAID’s Lebanon endemic to mountains around the Eastern Medi- Reforestation Initiative (LRI) and other environ- terranean in Lebanon, Syria and Turkey, it is most mental activists are making progress to reverse that closely associated with the former, as it is the national trend – one seedling at a time. Last month, LRI symbol of Lebanon and the central feature of the championed its tree adoption scheme on World Envi- country’s flag. ronment Day, while in November 2017, more than In Lebanon, like many other parts of the world, 2000 people gathered on the summit of Lebanon’s a combination of ecological, socio-economic and Arz Bcharre Mountain and planted 5000 cedar seed- cultural changes has dramatically increased the vul- lings. Those volunteers came from Bcharre families nerability of ecosystems. These factors, combined and neighbouring communities, scouts and activists, with water shortages, extreme weather events and representatives of civil society, private sector employ- large-scale disturbances have seen Lebanon’s green ees, as well as university and school students from spaces shrink to just 13% of the country. across the country. Lebanon’s cedars have been particularly hard hit. The event, organised by LRI and in close collabora- Centuries of deforestation have seen the tree’s former tion with the Municipality of Bcharre, was attended by range of 500,000 hectares reduced to 2000 hectares Lebanon’s First Lady Nadia Aoun, and was aimed at (0.4% of original estimated forest cover).
    [Show full text]
  • Lebanon National Operations Room Daily Report on COVID-19
    Lebanon National Operations Room Daily Report on COVID-19 Wednesday, October 28, 2020 Report #224 Time Published: 10:30 PM New in the report: - Decisions to prevent the spread of the Corona virus. - Names of laboratories that define the district, places, places, places or climates of reference for printing from places, places, places or climates suitable for public purposes. Number of Cases by Location • 13,345 case is Under investigation Beirut 171 Baabda 283 Kesrwen 100 Matn 236 Ein Al Mreisseh 2 Chiah 19 Sarba 7 Borj Hammoud 17 Ras Beirut 5 Jnah 11 Kaslik 1 Nabaa 2 Rouche 1 Al Madora 1 Zouk Michael 6 Sin El Fil 10 Hamra 5 Ouzai 9 Haret AL Mir 2 Jdeidet Al Metn 13 Mseitbeh 3 Bir Hassan 15 Ghadir 5 Bouchrieh 10 Mar Elias 4 Cite Sportif 1 Zouk Mosbeh 10 Dora 9 Unesco 1 Ghobeiry 14 Adonis 3 Rawda 6 Tallet Al Khayat 3 Ein Al Rimmaneh 16 Haret Sakher 4 Sed Al Bouchrieh 16 Tallet Al Drouz 1 Forn Al Shebbak 8 Sahel Alma 7 Sabtieh 9 Mazraa 11 Haret Hreik 25 Kfar Yassine 1 Metr Naba Saleh 1 Borj Abi Haidar 5 Lailaki 8 Tabarja 1 Deir Mar Roukoz 1 Malaab Balady 1 Borj Al Brajneh 34 Safra 2 Dekwaneh 17 Tariq Jdeedeh 10 Mreijeh 6 Bouar 3 Antelias 6 Ras El Nabaa 11 Raml Al Aly 1 Oqeibeh 4 Jal EL Dib 6 Bachoura 1 Tahweetet Ghadir 8 Ajaltoun 2 Naqqash 7 Basta Tahta 4 Baabda 5 Ballouneh 6 Zalqa 3 Marfaa 1 Hazmieh 10 Jeita 6 Byaqout 2 Ashrafieh 29 Fayadieh 1 Aintoura 1 Dbayyeh 11 Horoch 1 Rihanieh 1 Kfarhbab 1 Haret Al Ballan 1 Others 72 Hadat 37 Borj Al Ftou7 1 Mansourieh 13 Chouf 73 Sabnieh 1 Ghosta 1 Fanar 14 Damour 1 Botchay 1 Batha 1 New Fanar 1
    [Show full text]