UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, OSCAR L. CHAPMAN, Secretary· FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, ALBERT M. DAY, Director

AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE BIOLOGY OF PACIFIC TUNAS

By BELL M. SHIMADA

FISHERY BULLETIN 58

From Fishery Bulletin of the Fish and Wildlif~ Service VOLUME 52

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE - WASHINGTON: 1951

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office,Washington 25, D. O. Price 30 cents CONTENTS Page Introduction______1 Annotated bibliography______3 Abbreviations usecL "______25 Index by subjects .______28 AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY ON THE BIOLOGY OF PACIFIC TUNAS

By BELL M. SHIMADA, Fishery Research Biologist

St.udies were begun in 1948 by t.he Plt~jfic productive of material. The J a.panese references Oceanic Fishery Invest.igat.ions of t.he U. S. Fish were gltthered by a reconnaissance tenm in J n.pa,il and Wildlife Service t.o gather fundmnent.al data from November 1948 to July 1949 investigating .on the life histories, ecology, and behavior of the the result.s of J apa.nese tuna resea,rch.. Search of . various si)ecies of Pacific tlmas. Early in the private and public libraries in mul about Tokyo planning of t.he research program conducted 'from . supplied muc.h material that has not hitherto been the Hawaiian Islands, it. was recognized t.hat. re­ ge.nemlly available olltside J a.pan. Some refer­ view aJld systemat.ic compilat.ion of t.he literature. ences found in 'Corwin's bibliography could not be on t.hese subjects were essent.ia.I to th.e effective examined at first. hand; these are included here, guidanee of the projected research. The principal as given by Corwin, with a notation to show theii· reference work available was t.he bibliography of source. the tunas prepared some. ~o years ago by Genevieve The general style used by Corwin has been fol- . Corwin (see Corwin H130, in the Bibliography, lowed in c.ataloging and annotating the material. p. [,). . To meet the needs of the workers in the The arrangement of the references is by authors Investigations, and to assist. t.una. researchers in listed alphabetically. Entry is made only under. general, the preparation of this bibliogrnphy was the senior author's name·if there is more than one undert.aken. .. author; the abbreviation "et al." is used with the The bibliogra.phy deals chiefly with the black senior author's name to show collaboration of more skipjacks or lit.tle tunnies (E-lItn.y·1I:Jl.U8 allefte1'at'u8,. than three authors: Each n.uthor's warks are E. lineahl8, and E. yaito) , the oceanic or common listed ehronologieally by year of publication, and .skipjuc.k (J(a.t8u·wOmts pelam,[s) , the albacore those published in the same year are given in (Tn.1/:/I.nu,s genJl.o), the bluefin or black tunas alphabetical sequence. Generally, paginat.ion is (1'hUJl.HU8 'maccoyi, T. Q1'icHta1l8, and T. thy·n­ given only for the parts of the publication fnlling nU8), the big-eyed tunas (Pa.J'athu·nml8 1nebacM .within the sc.ope of the bibliography. . and P. 8Ib-i), the yellowfin tuna (Neoth:ll'!1.ntt8 Appropriate notations in the bibliography dis­ maeropferu8), and the frigate mackerels of the tinguish those papers published only in Japanese, genus A-umi8. Synonymous and related species those published in Japan but written in English, repor"tecl from the Pacific Ocean are included. and those published in Japanese with an English 'Waters contiguous to the Indo-Australian Archi­ absti·act. Translations were made of Japanese. pelago have been considered as a part of the J:>a­ titles when English equivalents were not. given. cific Ocean proper, inasmuch as many of the Brief allllotations of the publicat.ions are· in­ important studies of tuna species occurring in the cluded except for those that could not be consulted Pacific Oceml were based on data gathered in that and for those whose titles give a dear indication region.. of the contents. The scientific. nQmtmclature llse.d In the l;eview of the literature, some preliminary by each author is followed in t.he nnnotat.ions; work was done at Stanford University, Palo Alto, appropriate cross references t.o synonymous na,mes and at the California Academy of Sciences, Snn regarded as having priority appear in the Index. Fruneisco, California.. Thelibrariesof the Bernice Where both vernacuIn.r and sc.ientific names of the Pauahi Bishop Museum, the University o.f Hawaii, tuna were given, the scient.ific. nomenclature is and the Ten-itorial Board 9f Agriculture and For­ retained. estry in.Honolulu, and private collections of staff The preparation'of the Index presented consid·· members of the Investigations were particularly erable diffie-ulty owing to the confused state of the 1 2 'FISHEtR'Y BULLErr'IN O~ THE FISH AN:D· WILD·LLFE SERVICE taxonomy of the various· species of tuna. As the A list of abbreviations of the various publica­ relationships of the tuna species of the Pacific, and tions cited and of the English translations of titles for that matter the world in general, have not been of Japanese periodicals as used in the bibliography clearly defined, specific names of questio~able is included. validity h:tve been arbitrarily indexed as separate Acknowledgment is made of the valuable assist­ entries. :For example, Neotll.llmms itosibi is re­ a'nce and advice given the author by various indi­ garded by some workers as a form distinct from viduals and organizations. EspeeiaUy is credit N eothll'nn1('~ macJ'opte1'llS, while others consider. due the Fisheries. Division, Natural Resources the two to be synonymous. References to Neo­ Section, General Headquarters, Supreme Com­ thu·nn:us .j[oslbi and Neotlu/In.1l,US m.ae/,opferui8, mander .for the Allied Powers, under ""V. C. Her­ therefore, have been treated separately. Syno­ rington, Drs. K. Kuronuma and Y. Hiyama, and nyms which are generally accepted as applying to other Japanese seientists, and Dr. J. G. F. Harden­ one given spedes, such as Eu.tlvynnus pelands for burg of Batavia, Java, for their generous cooper­ [{afs'U'won/u8 p~la'l1l4s, have been indexed under the ation. The author is also indebted to th~ library. name which is believed to have priority, with staffs of Stanford'University, the California appropriate cross reference. under the synonymous Academy of Sciences, University of Hawaii, and name. The same procedure was used in in.dexing the Bernice.Pauahi Bishop Museum, and to Ver­ llames which differ slightly in spelling. Again, non Brock of the Division of Fish and Game, it should be pointed out that the indexing of these Board of Agriculture and Forestry, Territory of scientific names is to a large degree arbitrary, and Hawaii, and staff members of the Padfic Oceanic is not an attempt to elarify the systematics of tlle Fishery Investigations, who contributed mate­ tunas. rially to th~ preparation of this bibliogra.phy. ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Explanation of symbols

[C] =references listed by Corwin (see Corwin 1930. p. 5) that could not be verified. [J] =published in Japanese only. [JE] =published in Japan but written in English. [Je] = written in Japanese with English abstract. [PI = accession to the library of the Pacific O<:~ani<: Fisher~' Investigations.

[For an explanation of the abbreviation see Itst. p. :!5]

ABE. TOKIHARU. BAN, YOSHINORI. 1939. A list of the fishes of the Palao Islands. Pulao 1941. Search for southern tuna fishing grounds. South Trop. BioI. Sta. Studies, No.4, p. 567. [JE] [P] Sea Fish., vol. 7, No.9, PP. 10-21. [J] [P] Germo tna·cropteru8, Kat8lt'wonU8 pelamY8, Tlw'/"U-U8' Yellowfin tuna: South Seas; fishing conditions th.yml1t8: recorded; distribution. correlated with oceanography; stomach contents; AIKAWA, HIROAKI. . age anah'sis; sexual maturity. 1933. Fishery conditions on the Pacific Coast for skip­ BARNHART, PERCY. jack, tuna, and simries. Proc. Sci. Fish. Assoc., vol. 1936. Marine fishes of Southern California. Univ. Cali- 5, No.4, pp. 354-369. [J] [P] fornia Press, Berkeley, pp. 36-37. Albacore, big-e~'ed tuna. black tuna, skipjack, yel­ Attx·i8 tl/.a::Q-I·a, KatS'l/WOnU8 lJelami8, Genno ala·· lowfin tuna: fishing conditions correlated with sur­ Z"/l'nga, Neothumw8 mucropter'l/8, Thu1Ullt8 tllym"u8: face water temperature. description; distribution; English common names; 1937. Notes on t.he shoal of bonito along the Pacific figures. Coast of Japan. Bull. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. BENNETl', FREDERICK DEBELL. 6. No.1, pp. 13-21. [Je] '[P] . 1840. Narrati"e of a. wbaling vo~'age around the globe, Age analysis and size composition of skipjack from the year 1833 to 1836. Vol. 2, pp. 278-282. catches; stock and population relationships; use London. of condition factor in separating 'migratory and Scomber germo: description; anatomy of reproduc­ nonmigratory fish. tive system; food.; enemies. Scomber peZam:ys: AIKAWA. HIROAKI, and MASAO KATO. description; parasites. 1938. Age determination of fish. I. Bull. Japanese Soc. BERG, LEO S. Sci. Fish.. vol. 7, No.2, pp. 79-88. [Je] [P] 1947. Classification of fishes both recent and fossil. Gerlll.O g6nno, J(nf8UW01/.l/8 1Jagan8, Neoth-Itt/nIl8 J. W. Edwards Co., Ann Arbor, pp. 491--492. maCI"Opt6l"1t8, ThunnU8 orientaU8: age analysis using Anatomy and classification of Thunniformes vertebrae: age composition of commercial catch; '. (Plecostei). calculated length and weight groups; body condi­ BLEEKER, PIETER. .tion; growth rate; morphometric data. 1844. Bijdragen tot de geneeskundige topographie van ANONYMOUS. Batavia. Generisch overzicht del' fauna. Nat. 1938. Status of the investigation of tuna longline fish­ Geneesk. Arch. Neerland's Indie, "01. I, p. 553. ing grounds in the South China Sea. Formosa Fish. Tl/.ynn1l-8: recorded. Mag.. No. 279, pp. 10-19. [J] 1845. Bijdragen tot de geneeskundige topograpbie van Albllcore, yellowfin tuna: body temperatures; dis­ Batavia. Generisch overzicht del' Fauna. Nat. tribution; length-weight data; sexual maturity; Geneesk. Arch. Neerland's Indie, vol. 2. p. 516. stomach contents; figured. A !tJ.'i8 taso: recorded. 1939. Marked fish. Semi-Ann. Rpt. Oceanogr. Invest., 1850. Bijdrage tot de kennis del' ichthyologische fauna No. 65, p. 137. [J] van Midden-en Oost-Ja"a, met beschl'ijving van eenige Skipjack: Japan; release records of tagged fish. nieuwe species. Verh. Batavia Genoot. Kunst. 1941. Pacific skipjack indigenous to Sulu Sea.' South Wetens., vol. 23, p. 8. Sea Fish., "01. 7, No.5, p. 55. [J] [P] AUi1Ji~ ta80: recorded. Distributional note. 1852. Bijdrage tot de kennis del' makreelachtige visscben ASANO, NAGAO. van den Soenda-Molukschen Archipel. Verh. Batavia 1939. Food of the albacore, G6rl110 genu-o (Lacepede). Genoot. Kunst. Wetens., "01. 24, pp. 36-37, 89. South Sea Fish. News, vol. 3. No.7, pp. 10-11. [J] [P] Tl/.UntHt8 ma&I"OpterIl8, T. thIl1Hlina" and T. fonggoZ: South Seas; stomach contents; Awci8. sp: recorded recorded from Dutch East Indies; description and as food. synonymy of T. tonggoZ. 3 4 FISHERY BULLErTIN OF THE. FISH AND WILDLIFE; SERVICE

BLEEKER, PIETER-Continued Br.F.EKER. PIETEtt.,-Continued 1854. Faunae ichthrologicfI_e japonicae species novae. 1879. f:nunu~ration des ef>-peces - de poissons actuelle­ Nnt. 'l'ijdschr. Nederlandsch-Illl.1ie, vol. 6, pp. 408--409. lllent connues du Japon et description de trois efipece8 Au;ris tapeinosoJJla: recorded and described. inMites. Versl. Alw(l Amsterd:un. v.-'l, 18, p. 15. [C] 1855. Vijfde bi,idrnge tot de keunis der ichth~'ol(lgische Pela-m'Us Bi-bl Blkr. and Thymltts 8iM Schl. com­ fauna van TemMe. Nat. Tijdschr. Nederlandsch­ pared. Indie. vol. 8. pp. 301-30::!. BOESE~[AN. M. AI/,ris th"/l1lnoidcs: recorded; description: compared 1947. Re"ision of the fishes collected by Burger and "on with A. tapcinosollla, A. ta-so, and A.• ·mtllla-/"is. Siebold in Japan. Zool. Meded., vol. 28, pp. 9l-9·t, 1856. Beschrijvingen van nieuwi.> en weinig bel;;ende ThVnn-/~8 macroptcru8, T. or-lcnta·Us, T, pClaml/8. T. viscbsoortell van Alllboiml, versameld op eelle reis 8ibi, T. thulIllla: description; synon~'m~'. door den l\:Iolul;;scben Archil)el. gedllnll in het gevolg BONHAM, KELSHAW. van den Gouverneur-Generual Duymller van Twist in September en October _lS55~ Act. Soc. Sci. Indo­ 1946. Measurements of some pelagic commercial fishes of Hawaii. Copeia. No.2, pp. 81-84. Neerlandicae. "01. 1, pp. 41-4::!. Th-ymws IJela-l1IjfS: recorded; description; syn- Kat8IMl'on"/i.s pelami.a: length-weight data and re­ onymy. _ lationship; length frequencies of Neothunuu8 -mac­ 18m. Nieuwe nalezingen op de ichthyologie van Japan. "optcnt8j lengths of EuthtmHII-8 Haifo. Verh. Batavia Genoot. Kunst. Wetens.• vol. ::!6. p. 98. BROCK, VERNON E. A_u,ris ta·lldnos(.m",~: recorded. 103S. A new tuna record from -Washington. Copeia, 1860a. Achtste bijdrage tot de kennis der vischfauna No. ::!. p. 98. van Sumatra. Visschen van Benkoelen, Priaman, _TllllnlW8 thml11U8: recorded. Tandjong. P;llembang, en Djambi. Act. Soc. Sci. Indo­ 1939. (Iccun'Elnce of albacore. Genno a/alulIlla, in mid­ Neerlamlicne, vol. 8, p. ::!9. Pacific. Copeia. No.1. p. 47. 'l'1I-I/II-1I1IS IJc1a-JII/fs, T. thmmina-: recorded from the 1943. -Contribution to the biology of the albacore Dutch East Indies. (Genno alalU/1 [In) of the Oregon coast- and other 18130b. Del'tiende bijdritge tot de kennis del' vischfauna parts of the North Pndtlc. Stanford Ichth. Bull.. vol. vnn Celebes. Visschen van Bonthain, Badjoa, Sindjai, 2, No.6. pp. It19-248. Lagoesi en Pompenoe[\. Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-Neer­ Age aIlll size composition; growth; spawning: sex landicae, vol. 8, p. 38. [0] ratio; length-frequency data; populntion annl~'sis. Thl/'llllUS thulInina: recorded from Dutch East 194fl. A preliminary report on ParathujI-uus sibi in Indies. Hawaiian waters and a key to the tunas and tuna-like 1861a. lets oVl'r de vischfaunn van bet eiland Pinang. fishes of Hawaii. Pacific Sci., vol.- 3, No.3, pp. 271­ Versl. Akad. Amsterdam. vol. I::!, p.74. 277. _T111NW-U8 ah/.nis: recorded from Dutch East Inrlies. P. sibi: description: lllorphometric data: feedin;;: 1861b. Mededeeling omtrent vischsoorten. nieuw voor de habits. Alt;£is t1wzart't, Euthymw8 yaHo, Gcrmo l;;ennis der fauna van Singnpoera. Versl. Akad. Am- aln/wl1[1a. [(af8ull'omtS pelami8, K/.8hi-/Iocl1a- rara. sterdam,-vol. 12, p. 52. [C] - Neothutl-nf/-s fIlacropfcl'U8, Parat1wn'/I-11-8 sib£, T1tttn- Thll'I111-US t1l-U1l1lilla., T. t0110001: recorded from nU8 oric-ntali8, T. t1l-,/1/)/IIS: key. - Singapore. _ CANTOR. THEODORE. 1862. Sixieme memoire sur la faune ichth~'ologique de - 1850. Catalogue of l\fnlaran fishes. - Jour. Asiatic Soc. rile Batjan. Versl. Akad. Amsterdam, vol. 14. p. 109. Bengal, YOl. 18. pt. :1. pp. 1088-0-1090. Pe.1amll8 mac/,opfCrIl-8, P. pela1///ls. Th/II/nus f1l-lI-n­ T1WIIJ!1/s a/fi'l/.is: description; distribution: com­ nina: recorded from Dutch Enst Indies. pared with T. lIclamY8. 1863. Onzieme noti'ce sur la fauna ichthyologique de CASTELNA"tT, CO"tTNT F. DE. rile de Ternate. Nederlandsch Tijdschr. Diet·k.• "ol. 187::!. Contribution to the ichthyology of - Australia. 1, p. ::!S5. Proc. Zool. Acclim. Soe. Victoria. vol. 1, PP. 104--105. •4.Uil'i8 tll-1(l/ 1I0hlc.~: recorded. Th';lJIlluS I/WCCOllli: description. 1865a. Bnumeration des especes de ptJissons actuelle­ ment connues de rile d·Amboine. Nederlandsch CHABANAUD, PAUL M. Tijdschr. Dierl;:., vol. ~, p. ~85. 1926. Inventaire de In faune ichtyologique de I'Indo­ AII-,Ns t11·/ltl-noi<1cs, Pelam1l8 macropfcrus, P. pclamY8, chine. Note Servo Oceanogr. Pech. Imlochine, No: 1. P. thl/'Ilnina-:' recorded. p.2::!. 18656. Sixieme notice SUl' hI faune ichthyologique de 'l'll-HI/JIUS t1l-lIllll/.lla: listed. Siam. NedeJ'landsch Tijdschr. Dierk., vol. 2, p. 173. CHAPMAN, WILBERT M. [0] _ 1946. Observations on tuna-like fishes in the tropical Th/mu·us t1,HII1I;na: recorded. Pacific. California Fish and Gume, vol. 32. No.4, pp. 1878. Quatrieille memoire sur -Ia fauna ichthyologique 165-170. de la Nouvelle-Guinee. Arch. Neerlalldalses Sci. Nat., E1tt1l-ymlll8 a-Zlctferatlls, Kat8Ittt'O/l-1t8 pe/am-is, Nco­ vol. 13. p. 50. tll-1I-1J.1J.ltS mac/,opferu8: recorded; food·of N. macl'op­ AUJ.'i8 ta,80: recorded. tents noted. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS! 5

CHEVEY, PIERRE. . COOPER. JA)(ES GRAHAM. 1933a. Inventaire de la fauna ichtyologlque de 1"1ndo­ 1863. On new genera and species of Californian fishes. chine. Deuxieme Hste. Note Servo Oceanogr. pech. Pro.c. California Acad. ScL, vol. 3. pp. 75-77. Imlochine, No. 19, p. 36. 01"('/111118 pacijicus: described as· a new species; dis­ EuthYllnlt8 traUo: listed. tribution; figured. 1932b; Poissons des call1pagnes du "de Lnnes;;1on" 0925­ CORWIN. GENEVIEVE A. 1929), Trav. Inst. Oceo11 ogr. Indochine, 4· Mem., 1930. A bibliography of the tunas. CalifornIa Div. Fish pp. 113-115. and Game. Fish Bull. No. 22. pp. 1-103. Eut111mnus "/Iaifo: s~'non~'lllr: distribution: descrip­ tion; Indo-Chinese c,?lllmon names: figure of sped- . COWAN, IAN M.· men and scales. 1938. Some fish records frol11 the coast of British Colum­ 1934. Revision synonymique de l'oeuvre ichtyologique bia.. Copeia, No.2. p. 97. de G. Tirnnt. Note Servo Oceanogr. pech. Indochine, Ge-nno a.Zalu /Ifla:. recorded. No.7. p. 46. Thlfll1W8 t1l.1In-ni1w listerl by Tirant renamed CRAIG, JOE ALLEN. 1929. List of COlllmon and scientific names of fli'lhes. . Elithl/1l:1/.lIS 1laUo. California Div. Fish nnd Game, Fish Bull. No. 15, CHInA l'REFECTFRAL FISHERIES EXPERIMENT STATION, pp.11-12. KATSUURA BRANCH. ElItMmllf/s pClUlIli8, Genno g,'rmo. Neothll·/l1IU8 ('a.ta­ U130. Investigation of sldpjadi: fishing grounds. Prog. linae, Tll1/"11"/11/8 8uliells: listed. Rpt. Chilm Pref. Fish. E."\."11t. Sta. for 1934. pp. 1-12. [J] [P] . CUVIER, GEORGES. and AOHILLES VL\LENCIENNES. Japan; albacore and skipjack fishing conditions 1831. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Vol. 8, pp. 85. 96, correlated with water temperature. . 107. 1;'aris. 1937. Inyestigation of skipjack fishing grounds. Prog. 8col1lber t080. T1Wl1lHls prlci{icII8. T. pelOn/liS: de­ Rpt. Chibn Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., Katsuura Br. for scription; records of capture: figure of T. /Je1a.n/118. 1935. PP. 1-9. [J] [P] DEJONG. J. :K. 'Japan; skipjack catch correlated with water tem­ 1940. A preliminar~' investigation of the spawning Imb­ perature. its of some fishes of the Java Sea. Treubia, vol. 17. 1938. The skipjack flsherr. Prog. Rpt. Chibn Pref. Fish. No.4, PP. 335-326. Expt. Stn.• Katsunra Br. for 1.936, pp. 2-11. [J] [P] Euth/ln·nlls aUittcratu8: frequencies of egg diameter Japan: skipjack catch correlated with water tem- measuremenb;;; resorption of eggi'l noted. ~ro~m . 1941. The sldpjack fishery: Prog. Rpt. Chiba Pref. Fish. DELSl'orAN. H. C. Expt. Sta.. Kntsuura Br. for 1938. pp. 22-25. [J] [P] 1931. Fish eggs and larvae from tile .J:l\:a Sea. Treubia, Japan; albacore and sldpjacl;: fishing conditions cor- vol. 13. Nos. 3-;1, pp. 407--409. related with water temperature. . Eggs and larvae believe.l to be those of 8colllbcr (DelsJllan. Treubia. vol. 8. Nos. 3--4, pp. 305-390) CHU, Yt:TANTING T. reidentified as Thynn1l8 thUll-nina. . 1031. Index pisdum sinensium. BioI. Bull.· St. John's Dniv..No. 1. pp. 107-108. . DELSMAN, H. C.. and J. G. F. HARDENBtnW:. A.IM'i8 1'ochei, Neothml"tlU8 macl"Opte1'1t8: synonymy; 1934. De IndisclIe zeeYischen en zeevisscherij. Bihli.}. distribution. Nederlamlsch Indische Nat.. Ver.. No.6. pp. 330-343. CLARK, FRANOES NAOMI. Euthynll-u8 allette-mtll8, E. peZalll118, N eothunll1l8 1929. A racial comparison of Californian. Hawaiian and macropterlls. N. 1"(/.1'1/8: description; distribution: Mala~'an Japanese albacore (Gen/lO gen/lo). California Fish key; common names; spawning of E. aUet­ amI Game, vol. 15, No.4. pp. 351-353. San Francisco. terMU8 amI description of eggs and larvae; spawn­ Popuiation studies based on comparisons of body ing of N. 1'al"/t8 and· description of eggs; foo(l of n. In'oportions, counts of meristic characters, and sex­ pela/l/118; E. aHetteml1l8 and N. "/IIaC1"QplerU8 figured. ual maturity. DILL. D. B. CLEMENS. W. A., and G. V. 'VILRY. 1021. A chemical stUdy of certain Padfic coast fishes. 1946. Fishes of the Pacific Coast of Cnnada. Fish. Hes. Jour. BioI. Chem.. vol. 48, pp. 76. 81. [0] Bd. Canada, Bull. No. 48, pp: 164-167. Ge1'l1Io a/aluIIgn, G. l1Iaoropten/s, Thu1J.11118 th1l11nll8: Kat8U1{'01l1l8 peZamis. Thllll1HI.JI nla-l1/.lIga.: rlescrip­ chemical analysis. tion; distribution: food: records of capture in DO~1ANTAY, JOSE S. Canadian Pacific waters; figured. 1940. Tuna fishing in Southern Mindanao. Philippine Conn. JOHN N. Jour. Sci.. vol. 73, No.4. pp. 423-435. l{1l9. Scientific problems of the fisheries of the north Alt:r.i.~ thaza.rd, Eut1/1/11111/8 yaUo, Ka·t8uu'on·1I8 peZa­ Pacific: Bull. Scripps Inst., No.9. p. 45. [C] mis, NeothllllllUS ·it08ibi. N. lIlacropterll8, Parathun­ . Genno ge-·rlll-o. Tlmnnu8 al{/.lunga: migration. nU8 8ibi: distr~bution; figured. 6 FISHE'RY BULLErrm· OF THE, FISH AN:D WILD-LIFE' SERVICE

EOKLES, HOWARD H. FoRMOSA GOVERNMENT-GENERAL FISHERIES EXPERIMENT 1949a. Fishery exploration in the Hawaiian Islands STATION. (August to October 1948, by the vessel Oregon of the 1930. Northern oceanographic conditions and skipjack Pacific Exploration Company). Com. Fish. Rev., vol. fishing. Prog. Rpt. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. 11, No.6, pp. 1-9. Stat for 1928. Oceanogr. Sec., pp. 67-70. [J] [1'] E1~thllt!"ll.U,8 yalto. Katsll1l'(lI/"l/S pelamis. Neothunn1/,8 Formosa; fishing conditions correlatl'd with water macro/ltet'u8: recorded: K. pelamis and N. '//Iacrop­ temperature, specific gravity, and currents. ten~8 figured. 1931. Northern oceanographic conditions anci skipjack 1949b. Observations on j:uvenile oceanic skipjack (Kat­ fishing. Prog. Rpt. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. 811,lrmUl.S iJelamis) from Hawaiian waters and Sta. for 1929. Oceanogr. Sec., pp. 28--80. [J] [1'] sierra mackerel from the Eastern Pacific. U. S. Fish Formosa; fishing conditions correlated with water and Wildlife Servo Fish. BUlL, vol. 51, No. 48, pp. temperature, specific gravity, and currents. 245--250. 1932. Northern oceanographic conditions and skipjack Kat811uJOll-118 pelnmis: anatomy, descriptions. fig­ fishing. Prog. Rpt. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. urI's. and records of capture of jU\'eniles; spawning; Stat for 1930, Oceanogr. Sec., pp. 10-11. [J] [1'] juveniles noted in stomachs of adults. Formosa; fishing conditions correlated with water temperature, specific gravity, and currents. EIGEN:l.fANN, CARL H. 1933a. Experimental fishing and investigation in south­ 1892. The fishes of San Diego. California. Proc. U. S. ern waters by the Shonan l\iaru. Prog. Rpt. Formosa Natl. Mus., vol. 15, No. 897, pp. 130. 147. Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1931, Fish. Sec., pp. GYlnn08(["1"da pelami/s. OrCl/lIt18 a·laloJl{la: recorded; 1-50. [J] [1'] seasonal occurrence of Euthynnu,8 pclami8 and O. Yellowfin tuna: Indo-Pacific region: length-weight alalo'/loa. data; fishing conditions in relation to oceanography EIGENMANN. CARL H., and ROSA S. EIGENMANN. and weather; ell. teh per unit of effort; distribution; 1890. Additions to the fauila of San Diego. Proc. Call­ stomach contents. fornia Acad. Sci., 2 Ser., vol. 3, p. 8. 1933b. Oceanographic conditions and skipjack fishing in Eut1l.ynnus pelaml's: recorded; description. northern Formosa. Prog. Rpt. Formosa Govt.-Gen. 1891. A catalogue of the fishes of the Pacific coast of Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1931. Oceanogr. Sec., pp. 13-15. America north of Cerros Island. Ann. New York [J] [1'] . Acad. Sci., 1891-1892. vol. 6, p. 352. . Fishing conditions correlated with currents. surface Euthlftl"US pel.amY8, Germo alalO1I(1a: recorded. wllter temperature, and specific gravity. 1934. Oceanographic conditions and skipjack fishing in EVERMANN, BARTON W., and ALVIN SEALE. northern' Formosa. Prog. Rpt.· Formosa G.ovt.-Gen. 1907. }j'ishes of the Philippine Islands. Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish. Expt. Stat for 1932. Oceanogr. Sec., pp. 10-1~. Fish., vol. 26, p. '61. [J] [1'] Gl/lnn08a1'da pelam;'8: listed ; synonymy. Fishing conditions correlated with currents. surface FISH, MARIE POLAND. water temperat.ure, and'specific gravity. 1948. Sonic fishes of the Pacific. Woods Hole Oceanogr. FOWLER, HENRY W. Inst. Tech. Rpt.. No.2. pp. 87-91. 1904a. A collection of fishl's fl;om Sumatra. Jour. Acad. .A..wlIi-s t1l.aza'l"/l" ElIHll/1l1l118. Genno alablmga·. Kat­ Nat. Sci. Phila.. 2 81"1'., vol. 12, p. 506. 8U:WOn-U8 pela.mis, Neot1l.lImuls macropter·lIs. Thun­ Genno german: figured. . "·IIS HI·un-nu8: distribution: English common names; 1904b. New. rare.. 01' little-known Scombroids. Proc. synonymy of K. pela.m·ts, G. a,lalunga., T. flll,nnu8; Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., vol. 56, pp. 761-763. air bladders of G. alaJlm.ga,. N. mact'opten/8 and T. Genllo germon, Pelmllll8 affine: description: sJ'n­ thY·lIn.us described; Japanese common names of onymy. Euthynnu8 and T. t11·lftl.lIUS; vertical distribution .1923a. New or little-lmowu Hawaiian fishes. Bernice P. of Pamtlw'lltw8 mebach';' ·noted. Bishop Mus. OCCRS. Papers; vol. 8. No.7. pp. 376--392. . Genno tlUw/'optel'u8, 'L'hll1l-1j.j/S thynntl8: recorded. FITCH, JOHN E. 1923b. Records of West Coast fishes. Proc. Acad. Nat. 1950. Notes Oll some Pacific fishes. California Fish and Game, vol. 36, No.2, p. 6-5, Sci. Phila., vol. 75, .p. 289. Germo a.la-l1mga" Thunn1l8 fhynnu8: recorded from Stomach contents of Neothlltltl.1UJ macrollte'l"'//S. California. FOOD AND AimICuLTum;; ORGANIZATION, UNITED NATIONS. 1927. Fishes of the trol>ical central Pacific. Bull. Ber­ 1949. Recommended scientific and common names of im­ nice P. Bishop Mus., No. 38. pp. 10-11. portant food fishes. A. Scombriformes. Fish. DiY., Germ-o 8iM: figU1;ed; description. FAO. UN, 9S pp. 1928. The fishes of Oceania. Mem. Bernice P. Bishop Auxi8 thazard, Etlth/f1InU8 a:tlf;teratlls, Gerlllo al{1­ Mus., vol. 10, pp. 132-134. ll,.,,!!a, Kat8It'lVOJlUS lJelami8, Neot1w'lHl-lI8 fllacrop­ A·lt:r.;'8 thaza,rd. Eufhynm/8 alletteratll8. E. pela-mis, teru8. Thl/lml/s thyml1l8: distribution: synonymy; Genllo alba·core8. G. a-lalunga., G. maeropterll8. G. wOI.'ld-wide common names and recommended 8ilJi, TTL/mnlls thyml.u8: description; synonymy: nomenclature. figures of E. aUettera-fIl8' and G. 8£bi. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAs. 7

FOWLER. HENRY W.-Continued FUJITA, K.. and Y. WAKIYA. 1929. Notes on Japanese and Chinese fishes. Proc. Acad.. 1915. A list of fishes from Kisbii.. Proc. Sci. Fish. Nat. Sci. Phila., yol. 81, p. 590. Assoc., "01. 1, No. 1. pp. 25-37. [J] Germo sibi, Thul/nus thynl/I/s: seen in Japan. A'uxis hit·lt, A. llIaru. Eut1ll/nllIlS yaUo, K(ltsul!'onu,s 1931. The fishes of Oceania - Supplement 1. Mem. Ber- . pelll.mis, Thu'lll/US IIlalunga, T. mIlCI"Optel"us, T. nice P. Bishop Mus.. Yol. 11. No.5. p. 325. ol"i,eJ1.tlllis: listed; Japanese common names. E'uthynnl/s allctterMl/s, E. Ilela.m.;s, Germo alall/n[la, FUKUDA. M., and S. IIZUKA. G. "/1Iuoropterus, G. sibi, Th·//.1l·mls thUI/HUS: listed; 1940a. Experimental tuna fishing. Pr/)g. Rpt. Kuma­ s~'nonymy of G. macrollterus. moto Pref. Fish Expt. Sta. for 1938. pp. 15-20. [J] 1933. Description of a new long-finned tuna' (.<:Jema.t71111/.­ [P] 11110'1 gllHai) from Tahiti. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.. Big-eyed tuna, black tuna: Ryuk~'u Islands, catch in vol. 85,. pp. 163--164. relation to water teIl).perature. Descriptions of new genus Semat1b1lJ/.1111S and new 1940b. Skipjacl~ tagging experiment. Prog. Rpt. Kuma­ species, Semat1wHn1/s guil/Ii; Sem((·thulIJ1US distin­ moto Pref; Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1938, p. 21. [J] [P] guished from Ne.othunl/lls. Japan: release records of tagged .skipjack. 1934. 'The fishes of Oceania-Supplement 2. Mem. Ber­ nice P. Bishop Mus., vol. 11. No.6. p. 400. GILBERT, CHARLES H., and EDWIN C. STARKS. Enthyfl./l.us lJelmnis. Semathlmnus [l1IiUU, S. itosibi, 1904. The fishes of Panama Bay. Mem. California. . ThulIlllts orientaUs, T. tIIIU/.11.us: listed; synonymy. Acad. Sci., yol. 4, p. 206. 1938. The fishes of the George Vanderbilt South Pacific GCl'1II0 alalul/gn, Tlu,."nlls t1IIIlIlIIlS: re('orded. Expedition, 1937. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., Monogr. GODSIL, HARRY C. No.2, pp. 31-33. 253, 277. 1938. Tuna tagging. California Fish and Game. yol. 24, Auxi.~ tha::a.rd, Eufhl/11I1-1IS Uneatus, E. llelam·is: pp. 245--250. description; synonymy. A. fha::al"{l, EIlt1I.l/llnUS Skipjack, ~'ellowfin turin: tagging methods am) alletterafus. E. lineaf'us, E. IJelamis, Genllo ala­ release records. 101/ga, NeofhunnllS ·maf.'rollterlts. Parat1wl11l1lS sibi, 1948. A preliminar~' population study' of the ~'ellowfln ThuJUl1ts fhYnJ/.Us: recorded fl'om Pacific. t.una and the albacore. California Div. Fish and 1944. Resll~ts of the Fifth George Vanderbilt Expedition Game, Fish Bull. No. 70, 90 pp. . (1941). Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.. Monogr. No.6, pp. N eothUJIlMtS lIIaCI"Optfl"lIS, 7'hU"l/J1.US ycrmo: morpho­ 349,373-374, 378. 498. metric data; population relationships of Japanese. Aua:is thazard, ElItIlynnus lineaNts, ICats1t'wolllts HIlwaiian, and California fish analyzed; methods llelamis, Thl/"l/.lIlt.~ fhy"l/.lIus: records of capture; of taldng morphometric measurements described. synonymy. Pa~ific records of A. f7l.azal"{1, Eut1111Jl­ 1949. A progress report on the tuna investigations. nus aUf.'tteratus. E. line((,tltS, Gcnno a.lalunga, K. California Fish and Game, "01. 35. No.1. pp. 5-9. pelamis, Neothl/nllus a·l'!wnti-llitta.tIlS, and Thll1l1WS Albacore. yellowfin tuna; summary of population thllml:us; description of T. t1lltnll:us; figure of E. studies based on morphometrical analysis. line-atl/s. GODSIL, HARRY C., and R. D. BYERS. 1949. The fishes of Oceania-Supplement 3. Mem. Ber- H144. A s~'stematic study of the PaC"ific tunas. n~lifor- nice P. Bishop :Mus., vol. 12, No.' 2. pp. 73-74. nia Div. Fish and Game, Fish Bull. No. 60, 131 PI), AUll'is th((,::arll, Eut1I·1ln1HIS 'wa.llisi, KatsuUlonllS KafSUIOOIlUS pelalllis. N eothUJl.IIIlS 1JII1crollt"rns. {>agaNS, NeothuJl.Il1/S m(('cl"ollterltS, Paq·IIUw.nml.s si,bi: Paraf.lIuml1ls mebaelli. TlIuJlll1ls genno, T. tllpl1'lllis: listed; synonymy. proportional measurements: methods of meaSllre­ FOWLER, HENRY W., and STANLEY C. BALL. ment: internnl anatomy; key; figures; description; 1925. Fishes of Hawaii, Johnston Island, and Wake classification; counts of meristic c;'hamcters ; Island. Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus., No. '26, p. 11. anatomical differences between spedes listed; pop­ EutllZ/11.·"/Iu,s alletteratlls: listed. ulation relationships' discussed for all except P. FRASER-BRUNNER. A. mebachi. 1940. On the fishes of the genus EllthYl/.nus. Ann. and GODSIL. HARRY C., and E. C. GREENHOOD. Mag. Nut. Hist., vol. 2. No. 20, pp. 622--628. 1948. Some observations on the tunas of the Hawaiian Eltfhymws affinis a({inis, E. a.({iniJj linea.tus, E. region. California Div. Fish and Game, Bur. Mar. a({i'nis yalto: clussification; distribution; figured; Fish., 8 pp. (Mimeographed.) key; s~'nonYDlY· Albacore, bll!ck skipjack, skipjack, ~'ellowfln tuna; famil~' 1950. The fishes of the Scombridae. Ann. and distribution. Mag. Nat. Rist., vol. 3. No. 26. I'P. 131-163. Allotllunnus falla·i, Awr.-is tlla.za·rd. Eu.t1l1fnfl.US GRAHAM, DA"ID H. . a({il/.i!J , E. pelamis. Tl,l1m/.lts 1I1{l.11tnglt. T. albacora, 1938. Fishes of Otago Harbour and adjacent seas with T. olJes·IIJJ. T. tIblmlllls, 7'. ton.lJgoT., T. zacIIUe-s: additions to previous records. Trans. Roy. Soc. New classification; description; distribution; key; fig­ Zealand, vol. 68. pt. 3. p. 414. ured; synonymy. Aua:is tlLQzard.· listed. FISHEJRY BULLErrlN OF THE FISH AND WILD'LIFE SERVICE

GRIFFIN. L. T. HERRE, ALBERT W. 1927. Additions to the fish fauna of New Zealand. 1932. A checli: list of fishes recoreled f!'om Tahiti. .Jour. 1'rans. New Zealand Inst., \"01. 5S. pp. 140-141. ' Pau,Pacific nes. Inst., vol. 7, No.1. p. 3. Genno gel'lI/o: recordeel; synon~'IllY;' description; El/thll'IUI,1M alleteratll8. E. /lellllllis. Ncotll/(.1/.]uf8 lIla­ figured. cropterus: listed. GUNTHER. ALBERT. 1033. A cheek list of fishes frolll Dumaguete. Ori€'ntal 18(iO.· Catalogue of the Acnnthopterygian fishel< in the Negros.. P. I., and its immediate vicinity. Jour. Pan­ collection of the British Museulll. Vol.~. pp. 363-366. Pacific Res. Inst.. vol. 8. No.4, p. 7. 3."0. London. Eutllynl1u8 lIaito. KatSll11'Oll1/8 fJelam.is: listed. A'luis 1'oche;, A. tapeinosol1lu. ThyJl.1111S rtl!tnis. T. 1935. A check list of the fisb€'s of the Pelew Islands. fJar:ifielts, 7'. pelamys, T. thunnina, T. tonggol: de­ Mid-Pacific Mag., vol. 47. No. ~. p. 164. scription; distribution; synonymy. Kat.YII'/fOllfl.S pdallli8. NeothI/III1U.~ lIlu.cropterus: 1876. Die Fisclle del' Siidl

HIG.\SHI. HIDEO-Continued IKEBE. KEl\'ZO. 1942. Record of experimer.ts 011 fishes of the South 1039. On the age of ~'ellowfin tuna tal,en in Palau Seas. South Sca Fish.. wI. 8, No. 11. pp. 13-27. waters. South Sea Fish. News, vol. 3, No. 10, pp. 4-8. .[J] [P] [J] [P] K(lt.~II·WQnlls 1mgan.~. Neot1111 1I1H1S flWCr01Jterus, Length-weight data: body' conl1ition; sexual ma­ Parathllmllls sib;'; length-weight dnta; proportional turity; age anal~'sis based on size groups. m{;as~ll'ements of various body parts. 1940a. Age ano.1111easurelllents of tunns in Palau waters. HIGASHI. HIlU:O. and MAsAo.Hm.u. South Sea Fish. News, vol. 4, N.). 1, pp. 24. [J] [P] 1tl48. The nicotinic acid content of fish. Contrib. Cent. Big-eyec} tuna, ~'ellowfin tuna: length-weight data; Fish. Sta. Japan t1946--1948). No. 18. pp. 129-132. age analysis of yellowfin tnna based on size groups. [JE]' . 1940b. Measurements of ~'ellowfin tuna tal,en south of· Skipjack, 3'eUowfin tuna: nicotinic acid content of the Marshall Islands. 80uth Sea Fish. News, yol. 4, various body parts. No.2, pp. 2-5. [J.] [P] Length-weight data; age anal~'sis based on size Hn.DEDRAND. SAlIfuEr. F. groups. . H146. A descrilltive catall.og of the shore fishe~ of Peru. 1940t;. Measurements of albacore and ydlowfin tuna U. S. Natl. Mus.. Bull. 189. ·PIJ. 361-372. taken in Saipan waters. South Sea Fj.sh. News, yol. EuthY1l111bS aU6temta. Kafsu'wo-nU8 1)damis, Thlll!­ 4, No.5, pp. 03-67. [J] [P] nils IIwcr01Jterus; classification; description; syn­ Length-weight datn: age a!lal~·sis. on~'my; distribution: food; key. Thull"//:IIS yermo, 1040d. Investigation of tunas in Palau waters. South T. thymbus: key; occurrences recol·ded. . . Sea Fi:;;h. News, vol. 4. No.6, pp. 2-4. [J] [P] HIRATSUKA, HITOSHI. and KAKUJI l:l.fAIZUlIII. Catch of yellowfin tuna correlated with currents. HIM. Exper'imental fishing and .invcstigation in south­ 1941a. Measurements of ~'ellowfin tuna from the Equa­ ern waters. Prog. Rpt. Formnsa lto\-t,-lten. Fish. torial Counter Current area. South Sea Fish. News. Expt, Sta. for 193:3, Fish. 1'ec.. pp. fI7-104. [J] [P] vol. 5, No.3, pp. 5--13: [J] [P] Yellowfin tuna.: Indo-Pacific region: length-weight Length-weight and 'age data: age composition of data: fishing conditions in relation to oceanogrnphy eatches noted. and weather; catch per.unit of effort; distribution. 1941b: A contribution to the stUdy of tunn spawning HIRATSUKA, HIT01H-II, and KIYOJI ITO. grounds. South Sea Fish.' News, vol. 5, No.4, pp. 1934. Report on experimental tuna fishing in the Celebes 9-12. [J] [P] Sea. Prog. Rpt. Fonllo)sa Gnvt.-G.'n. Fish. Expt. Sta. South S"as: prohflblt> tuna spawning grounds; for 19134, pp. 1-28. [J] [1'] length-weight and age data of immature yellowfin Yellowfin tuna: length-weight data; fishing comli­ tuna. ti')lls in relation to oceanogrnphy and weather; 104:!. Report of the investigation oftuna fishing in the catch per unit of effort: distribution. Timor, Arafura, nnd Bandn Seas. South Sea Fish.. vol. S. No. 1. pp. :!fl-!1. [J] [P] HIRATSUKA, HITOFOHI. flm} SEIICHI MORITA. Big-eyed tuna, yt'llowfin tUlia: fishing ~olJ(litions Hli:;:;. Correlation between length and weight of yellow­ correlated with oceanography. fin tnna. Formosn Fish. Mag., No. 241, pp. 8--10. [J] [1'] IKEBE. KEl\'ZO, and TAKESHI l\:[ATSllUOTO. +937. Progress report on experinwntal skipjack fishing HOT.lllm, CHAIIT.ES FlIEUERICK. nelli' Yap. South Sea Fish. -News, No.4, pp. 3-9. 1fI12. The fishes of the Pndfic ('oast. Pp. 15-4::!. New [J] [1'] York. Sldpjack: length-weight data; sex and body c(lll(li­ Thu/1.J/.J/.8 a!alul/.!1a. T. J/.U/.CI'(JpflTu.~, 7'. }lHwu!atus, tion recorded. T. thYII.nus: distribution: figures of all except T. IMAIZUlIlI, KAKUJI. J/.lU-cl"optel"us. 1037. An account of the il~Y"stigation of tuna fishing HUllBS. CARL L. grounds in the East Philippine Sea. Formosa Fish. 1f1ll3- A seconc}· recqrd of the scombroid fish GCl"lno Mag.. No. 271, pp. 6--23. [J] [P] /IHwroptcru8 from the coast of California. Copeia, Albacore, big-eyed tuna, '~'ellowfin tuna: catch per No. 38, p. 93. unit of effort: distribution; sexual mahirity of 10:!8. A check-list of the marine fishes of Oregon amI yellowfin tuna. Washington. Jour. Pan-Pacific Res. Inst.. vol. 3, No.3, IlIIAMUIIA. YUTAKA. p.12. 1949. The sldpjacl, .fishery. Text Fish.• vol. G. pp. 17- Gfl"lnO a-la-lunga; Oregon; recorded. 9-1:. [J] [1'] IEHISA, SATORU. Au;ris 111m·, A. llIa.l'u. Ent1/1/llIlUS j1aifo; Japan: H139. Catch of tunny in the seas south of Kyushu. Bun. description; distribution; ha'bits. Ii:atsulco"l/.U-8 .Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 8, No.3, PI). 143-144. ?)ela III i.~; J npan; ana tOlU~': deseription: distribu­ [ie] [P] tion; lIIigration: spawning nreas and senson ; food: 'L'hunnu.~ ol"i<:/Itnlis; catches c'orrelated with water populations: habits; .natnral enemies: fishing con­ telllperahire. ditions in relation to oceanograjJh~·. 10 FISHERY BULLErrIN OF THE FISH AND' WILDLIFE: SERVICE!

INANA1>lI. YOSHlYUKI. JAPANESE BURr:AU OF FISHERIES-Continued l{1401l..Relationship of viscera weight to body weight in 1940. Results of encouragement given to the exploitation yellowfin tuna. South Sea Fish. News, vol. 4, No.2, of albacore fishing grounds during 1939. Bur. Fish.• pp. 2-7. [J] [P] Min. Agr. and For., Japanese Imp. Govt., 173 PP. 194011. Tuna fishing cI1ll(litions and current.. along the [J] [P] eastern coast of the Palau Islands. SO\lth Sea Fish. Albacore: mid-Pacific region; morphometric data; News, vol. 4, No.2, pp. 7-10. [J] [P] stomach contents: catch correlated with water tem­ Big-£>y£>d tnna. yellowfin tuna: fishing conditions perature and specific gravity; catch per unit of corr£>lated with currents. effort; distribution. 1940c. Oceanography amI fishing conditions in central 1942. Results of encouragement given to the exploitation Palau waters. South Sea Fish. News. vol. 4, No.3, of albacore fishing grounds during 1940. Bur. Fish., pp. 5--7. [J] [P] Min. Agr. and For., Jnpanese Imp. Govt.• 135 pp. [J] Big-eyed tuna. yellowfin tuna: fishing condit~ons ·correlated with currents and water color. JENKINS, OLIVER P. 1941. Oceanographic changes ancI fishing conditions in 1903. Report on collections of fishes made in the ~­ Palau waters. South Sea Fish. News. vol. 5, No.2. waiian Islands with descriptions of new species. Bull. pp. 2:"'6. [J] [P] U. S. Fish. Comm. for 1902, vol. 22, p. 441. Skipjack. yellowfin tU11ll: fishing conditions corre­ A fiXEs thazard, Gymnosarda al1-ettera.ta., G. pelamis: lated with water temperature, currents. salinity. listed; synonymy. 1942a. Oceanographic conditions and yellowfin t11na JORDAN, DAVID STARR. fishing grounds in South Sea Isiand waters. South 1885. A list of the fishes known from the Pacific coast Sen Fish. News, vol. 6, No.1, pp. 2-5. [J] [P] of tropi.cal America, from the Tropic of Cancel' to Location of fishing grounels correlated with cur- Panama. Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus.• vol. 8, No. 24, p. 373. rents, transparency, water color, and watel' tem-. Orcynus alal(}nga: recorded. perature. 1923. A classification of fishes inclUding families and 19421J. Skipjack fishing conditions in Saipan, Truk, and genera as far as known. Stanford Univ. Publ.• Uriiv. Ponape. South Sea Fish. News. vol. 6. No.1. pp. 5--7. Ser.. BioI. Sci., vol. 3, No.2. pp.179-180. [J] [Pl· Classification and synonymy of Thunnidae. Seasonal fiuctuations in commercial catch; size composition. JORDAN, DAVID STARR. and BARTON WARREN EVERMANN. 1942c. Small skipjack caught at 'l'I·Uk. South Sea Fish. 1896. A check-list of the fishes and fish-like vertebratcs News. vol. 6, No.1. p. 7. [J] [P] of North andl\:Iiddle America. Rpt. U. S. Fish Comm. Records and measurements of juveniles. for 1895, p. 340. 1942d. Report of grounds fished by tuna boats oper­ AlI·;J'is tha:::ard, Germo ala.l"lmga, G,,,,,,,,.osltrda pela­ ating in the inner South Seas. South Sea Fish. News, mis. Tl/.1mn.u-8 thynnu-8: distribution; English com­ vol. 6, No.1, pp. 7-9. [J] [P] mon names: synonymy.. ·Albacore, big-eyed tuna, skipjack. yellowfin tuna: 1905.' The aquatic resOllrces of the Hawaiian· Islands. fishing conditions cOITelated with water tempera­ I. The &hore fishe~ of the Hawaiian Islands, with a ture. general account of the fish fauna. BUll. U. S. Fish JAPANESE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. Comm. for 1003, vol. 23. pt. 1. pp. 171-175. 1933. Report of the southern fisheries investigation for A1~a:is thazat'd, GeN/1.0 germo. Gl/mnosa1·da. allet­ 1931. Bur. Fish., Min. Agr. and For., Japanese Imp: terata., G. pclamis: listed; description; figure; syn­ Govt., 96 pp. [J] [P] onymy; Hawaiian common names for all except 1934. Report of the southern fisheries investigation for A. thazard. 1932. Bur..Fish., Min. Agr. and For., Japanese Imp. 1926a. A check-list of the fishes of Hawaii. Jour. Pal1- Govt.. 347 pp. . [J] [P] Pacific Res. Inst., vol. 1. No.1, p. 8. Big-eyed tuna, yellowfin tuna: Indo-Pacific region; E11.tlly·muts yaHo, Germ.o ge1"l/1.0, Kisllinoella. m·ra·, distribution; catch correlated with water tempera­ NeothllnnUB 1n1,.,./,opterlls, Neotl/-fmnfls n. sp., Pam­ ture and transparency; stomach contents of yellow­ thfl.11nUS sibi, Tll·1UHI-1I·S ol·i.entalis: recorded. fin tuna. 1926b. A review of the giant mackerel-like fishes, 1935. Report of the southern fisheries investigation for tunnies, spearfishes. and swordfishes. Occas. Papers· 1933. BJ,Ir. Fish., Min. Agr. and For., Japanese Imp. California Acad. Sci.. No. 12, pp. 8-25. Govt., 298 pp. [J] Gel"1/1.o {lermO, KishiJwella raNI" K. zacalles n. sp.. 1939. Results of encouragement given to the exploitation . Neoth·/1.nnus o/l.tali1we n. sp., N. itosibi n. sp.• N. ma­ of albacore fishing grounds during 1938. Bur. Fish., cropterlls. N. tOl/ggoT-, PamthUlll/1I8 sibi.• Thln/flllS Min. Agr. 8n<1 F!lr., Japanese Imp. Govt.. 298 PP. maccoyu., T. orientaUs, T. p1l.ilU,)si n. sp., and T. [J] [P] . sa·liens 11. sp.: ke~'s; description; distribution; syn.­ Albacore: mid-Pacific region: morphometric data; onymy of G. germo, P. sibi, T. maccoyU, T. O"I'ien­ stomach contents: catch correlated with water tem­ ta.Us; .Jalxmese common nnmes of K. rara, N. Hosibi. perature and specific gravity; distribuHon. Big­ N.m.acroptel1ls; figures of G. germ·o, Ie. zacalles, N. eyed tuna: catch correlated with water tempera­ ca.taUlwe, N. Hosibi, N. mlwropterus, P. sib·i, T. ture; catch pel' unit of effort. phillipsi., T. saliells. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUN':A:S 11

JORDAN, DAVID STARR, and CHART,ES HENRY GILBERT. JORDAN, DAVID STARR, and EDWIN CHAPIN STARKS. 1881n. Descriptions of two new species of scopelid 1007. Notes 011 fislJe8 from the island of Santa Catalina, fishes (S'/uns riJl,oe'lls find iIljlctoplw,lll crc'mllarc) from southern Culifornin. Proc. U. S. Natl. :lHus., vol. 32, Santa Barbara Channel, California. Proc. U. S. Nat!. pp. 69-70. Mus., vol. 3, p~ 273. Genna '/IwCropte1'IM: records: s~'non~'my: descrip­ Specimens found in food of Orc//11'1/,S /l.la10110a,. tion; figured. Gymnosa.rd-a. pelamis: distribution. 1881b. List of the fishes of the Pacific coast of the JORr:AN, DAVID STARR, S. TANAKA. and J. O. SNYDER. United St:ltes, with a table showing the distribution 1913. A catalogue of the fishes of Japan. Jour. Cnll. of the species. Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., vol. 3, p. 456. Sci., Imp. Univ. Tokyo, vol. 33. art. 1. pp. 119-121. OrcynHs ala1Q1':ya: recorded. AlI:ris tlU/zapd-, E'lIthlllUWS a./leterut1ls, E. Vaoa1l8, 1882. Notes on the fishes 'of the Pacific coast of the T1/.1/.mws aUtlll'llga, T. 'm;ICI"01JterllS, T. t1l.1I1111'/(.8: United States. Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., vol. 4, p. 45. synonymy; distribution; Japanese common names; Orcj/1/lls aTalonoa: clistribution; synonymy; habits; A. t1l.a,zwrd and E. a11etera·t1ls fignred. food. KAGOSHIMA PREFEOTURAL FISHERIES EXPERIMENT STATION. JORDAN, DAVID STARR, and CARL LEAVITT HUBBS. 1925. Experimental skipjacl, fishing. Prog. Rpt. I\:ago­ 1925. Record of 'fishes obtained by David Starr Jordan shima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1923. pp. 1-37. ·[Jl in Japan, 19;22. Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 10. No.2, [P] pp. 215-221. Ryuk,.vu Islands; skipjack fishing conditions corre­ AUllJis hi,ra" A. tap'cil/os/fllla., EutlwnnJl,8 yaUo, In tpd with water temperature; length-weight, girth Genua yerm.o, Ka.tsuu'O'Il'IIs 1)ayans. Kis1l1noel/.a. data. ra'ra, N eothU'IIn'lI-8 tnacropterus, Pm'atlwm/1/s sibi, 1926a. Experimental skipjack fishing. Prog. Rpt. Kago­ Tl/.'1t'11.JIU8 orientalis: recorded; descriptions of A. shima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1924, pp. 1-51. [J] 1I..ira, A. tapcinosollla. G. gCJ'lIlO, K. rar(/, N. l/WCJ'OP­ [P] , terus, P. sib& and T. orientalis; s~'nonymy of A. R~'ukyu Islands; skipjacl, fishing conditions cone­ ta.pcinosoma, E. yaHo, G. ge-rlllo, N. tJ/(/cropte'/'lIs, lated with water temperatures; length-weight and P. s'ibi, and T. oriel/talis; Jap.anese common names girth data: records and descriptions of. scombroid of all but A. him and E.lI(/ito.: key to Katsuwonidae juveniles (also reported in Kishinouye, 1926). and Thunnidae. 1926b. Experimental longline fishing f01' tuna. Prog. JORDAN, DAVID STARR, and ERIO KNIGHT JORDAN. Rpt. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Stu. for 1924, 1922. A list of the fishes of H:lwaii, with notes and PP. 52-66. [J] [P] descriptions of new species. :Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. Big-eyed tuna. skipjack, yellowfin tuna: Ryukyu 10, No.1, pp. 31-33. Islands; catches correlated with water tempera­ A lIiDis t11.a.:mrd-, ElIth/f'II'IIIlS alkteratlls, E. pelamis, ture. GeJ'/I1-O alal'11nga, G. a'rgentiv-ittat'us, G. macroptenl-8, 1927n. Experimental longline fishing for tuna. Prog. G. sibi, Tlmm/'lls orienta.Us, T. tl1lNltnltS: listed; Rpt. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Sta. for 1925, pp. 38-53. descriptions of G. alall1'/Iga, G. macropterlls, G. sibf., [J] [P] and T. ol'ientaUs; Hawaiian common names 0:1= B. Albacore, big~eyed tuna, black tuna, ~'ellowfin tUlia: alletcratus, E. pelami8, and G. mac1·opter1ls. Ryukyu Islr-nds; catches correlatecl with water JORDAN, DAVID STARR, and CHARLES METZ. temperature. 1913. A catalog of the fishes known from the waters of 1927b. Experimentnl sl,ipjac), fishing. Prog. Rpt. Kago­ Korea. Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 6, No.2, p. 26. shima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1925, pp. 1-38. [J] AlIiDis tlwzard-: Japanese common names; distribu­ [P] tion. Ryukyu Islands; skipjack fishing conditions corre­ JORDAN, DAVID STARR, and ALVIN SEALE. lated with water temperature and currents; lengtll­ 1906. The fishes of Samon. Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish., voL weight and girth data; records and descriptions 25, p. 228. of scolllhroid juveniles (also reported in Kish­ A,//x-is thazard, Genno germo, G. macropter/ta, inouye 1926). Glnn'llosa1·da. alZeternt?:,. G. pela,m-is: distribution. 1928a. Experimental skilljack fishing. Prog. Rilt. Kago­ JORDAN, DAVID STARR, and J. 0. SNYDER. shima Pref.· Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1926, pp. 1-22. [J] 1900. A list of fishes colleCted in Japan b~' Keinosuke [P] Otaki, and by the United States Stenmer Albatross, Ryukyu IslnllCls; skipjack catch correlated with with descriptions of fourteen new species. Proc. watel' temperature and cUl'l'ents; length-weight amI U. S. Natl. Mus., vol. 22, p. 352. girth'data; release records of tagged fish. A'Il3Jis thazard and Thumws soh1

KAGOSHHIA PREFECTURAL FISH~~RIES EXPERIMENT STA­ KAGOSHIMA PREFECTURAL FISHERIES EXPERIMENT STA­ nON-Continued TIoN-Continued 1929n. Experillentni skipjnck fishing. Prog. Rpt. Kago­ 1933a. Investigation of skipjack fishing. Prog. Upt. shima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1927, pp. 1-20. [J] Kngoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1931, pp. 1-lt3­ [P] [J] [1'] RyulQ'u Islands; skipjack catch cort'elnte(1 with Ryukyu Islands. Philippine region; sl.ipjad. fishing watel' temperature; length-weight and girth data. conditions correlated with water t.emperature. 192t)b. Experimental longline fishing for tuna. l:'rog. 1fl33b. Experimental longline fishing .for tuna. Prog. Rpt. Kn:;wshima Pref. Fish. EXI)t. Sta. for 1927, PI}. Rpt. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. EXl)t. Sta. for 1931, pp. 20-84. [J] [P] . 16-23. [;J] [P] Big-eyed tuna, yellowfin tuna: Ryukyu Isla-nds; Albacore, big-eyed tuna, ~'ello\\'fin tnna: Ryukyu catche-s correlatecl witl. water tempel'l1ture. Islands; catches correlated with water temliera­ tnre. 1980n. Experimental skipjnck fishing. Prog. Rpt. Kago­ shima 1';'·ef. Fish. EXl)t. Sta. for 1928. pp. 1-18. 1935. Investigation of skipjack. fishing. Prog. Rpt.. Kagosllillla Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1933. pp. 1-1:::!. [J] [1'] [J] [1'] . . R~'ukyu Islands; skipjack catch correlated with TIyulQ'u Islands: skipjacl. fishing conditions corre­ water temperature. lated with water temperature. 1930b. Experimental longline fishing for tuna. Prog. 1936n. Investigation of sl~ipjacl. fishing. Prog. Rpt. Rpt. KIli;olShillla Pref. Fish. EXIJt. Sta. for 1928. pp. Kagoshi~a Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1934. pp. 1-16. 18-31. [.J] [P] [J] [P] Albn('ore, big-eYed tuna, yellowfin tuna: Ryukyu R~'nIQ'u Islands; skipjack fishing conditions cone­ Islnnds; catches correlated with water tempernture. lated with water temperature; lengt.h-weight .lata. 1930c. Experimentnl fishing by small motor vessels: 1936b. Investigation of the migration of illlP;)l·ta nt Experimentallongline fishing for albacore. Prog. Rpt. fishes. Prog. Rpt. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. Kng'.shima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1928, pp.. 54-60. tor 1934. pp. 86-87. [J] [P] [.J] [P] Ryuk~'n Islands; rel€'ase recol'ds of tagged skipjack. Albacore. big-eyed tuna, blael. tuna, yellowfin tuna: 1937. Investigation of sldpjack fi.shing. Prog. Rpt. Ryukyu Islnnds; catches correlated with water Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1fl35, pp. 1-8. temperature. [J] [1'] 1U31n. Experimental.sldpjack fislling. Prog. TIpt. Kago­ Rynkyn Islands; skipjack catch correlated with shima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1929, I)P. 1-16. water temperature; length-weight dat.a; size com­ [J] [P] positio'o of catch. Uyukyu Islands; skipjacl. catch correlated with wa­ 1938a. Investigation of skipjack fishing. Prtlg. Rpt. ter temperature. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1936. pp. 1-4. 1931b. Experimental longline fishing for tuna. Prog. [J] [P]' TIpt. Kagosllima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1929, pp: R~'ukyu Islands; skipjack length-weight dnta. 16-30. [.J] [P] 1938b. Investigation of the ··migration of important Alhacore. big-eyed tuna. y€'llowfin tnna: Ryukyu fishes. Prog. Rr.t. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. Islands: cMches eorrelated with water temperature. for 1936. p. 89. [J] [P] 1932a. Experimental ski\lJad. fishing. Prog. Rpt. Kago­ Rynk~'u Islands: release records' of tagged skipjack shima Pref. Fi8h. Expt. Sta. for 1930, pp. 1-20. 1939a. Imestigation of skipjack fishing. Prog. Rpt. [J] [P] Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt: Sta. for 1937, pp. 1-3. Ryuk~'u Islands; sldpjack fishing conditions corre­ [J] [P] lated with water telllpernture. R~'uk~'n Islands; skipjack length-weight dllta. 1932b. Experimental longline fishing for tuua. Prog. 193flb. Ill\'~stigation .of the migrntion of important Rpt. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for !U30. pp. fishes. Pr(lg. Rpt. Kagc:ishima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. 21-2S. [J] [P] for 1937. p. 69. [J] [P] Albacore, big-€'yed tuna. black tuna. yellowfin tuna: Ryukyu Islands: release records of tagged sl.ipjaek R~'lll{yn Islands; catches correlated with water 1940a. Experimental skilljad. fishing. Prog. Rpt. temperatllre. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1938, pp. 1-3. 1932c. Experimental longline fishing for albncore and [Jl [P] pole and lin€' fishing for mnckpl·p-1. Prog. Rpt. K:ll,:o­ Ryukyu Islands: skipjacl. length-weight data. shima Pref. Fish. Expt.. Sta. for 1930. 11[1. 54-5fl. 1940b. Investigation of the migration of important [Jl [P] fishes. Prog. Rpt. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. EXllt. St;. Rynkyu Islands; albacore catch correlated with wa­ for HISS, p. 43. [J] [1'] ter temperature. Rynk~'u Ishlllds; release records of tagged skipjack. BIB'LIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS! 13

KAGOSHUIA PREFECTURAL FISHERIES EXPERIMENT STA-. KIDA. TAKEO. TION-Continued 1936. On the surface temperature of water in the tunny 1941. Investigation of sldpjack fishing. Prog. Rpt. fishing grounds off Kushiro and UI'alm,,'a in SUlllmer. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1939, pp. 1-3. Bull. Japanese Soc. Sei. Fish., vol. 5, No.2, pp. 87-90. [J] [P] . [JE] Ryuk.vu Islands: sldn;ack length-weight data. T1I111u/.1Is tTwnlI'lls: fishing conditions eorrelatE'd KANA!.I"URA, MASA!.lI, and KAKUJI IMAIZUMI. with watE'f temperature; size composition of 1935. Report on experimental fishing by the Shonan 8ehools; habits. Maru in 1935: Report af expel'imentallongline fishing KnnTRA, KINOSUKE. fOI' tuna in eastern Formosan wnters. Formosa 1932. Growth curves of bluE'-fin tuna and yellow-fin tuna Govt.-Gen. Fish.. Expt. Sta. PUbl., No.3, pp. 165-202. based on the catches neal' Sigel:1era, on the west coast [J] [Pl of Provo Idu. Bull.· Japanese Soe. Sci. Fish., vol. 1, Big-eyed tuna. yellowfin tuna: lengt.h-weight . [J] ditions in relation to oceanogl'l1phy and weat.her: Albaeore. big-eyed tunn. yellowfin tuna: Japan, 1940b. Rellort of tlll? investigation of fish ing gl'ounds by Indo-Pacific region. South Sens: fishing conditions the Shonan Maru in 1937: Investigation of tuna long­ correlated With wntE'r tempernture; age and size line fishing grounds in the South China Sen. Formosa eOlllposition of nlbaeore anrl. yellowfin tuna. Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta. PUbl.. No. 21, pp. 67-117. 19421>. Oeeanic resources: Offshore fisheries. Sci. Sea. [J] [1'] . vol. 2, No.3, pp. 142-147. [J] [P] Albacore, skipjad:, yellowfin tuna: distribution; Albacore, blaek tuna, skipjael.:: Paeific Ocean: dis­ cateh [ler unit of effort; fishing eonditions in rela­ tribution; migration: distribution of big-eyed tuna tion to oeeanogl'nphy and weather: albaeore, rel­ and yellowfin tuna. lowfin t.una: stomaeh eontents: body temperature; 1949. Atlas of skipja(:], fishing groundS-With data on lE'ngth-weight data; body condition; age analysis: the albaeore grounds. Kuroshio Pub!. Co., Tokyp, sexual maturity. 44 pp. [J] KATO. GENJI. Japan; catches of albacore and skipjack eorreIated 1940. An aecount of longUne fishing fOl' tuna. South with surface water temperature. Sea Fish. News, vo!. 4, No.7, pp. 8-10. [J] [P] KIMUIIA. KINOSUKE, and KAZUMI ISHII.· Sexual maturity of Yl'llowfin tuna noted. .1933. Statistieal anal~'sis of the cateh at thE' north­ KAWAMURA. Hyozo. eastern end of Surugu Bay. Bull. JalJanese 80e. Sd. 1939. Observations on oeeanogJ.'allhy and fishing eondi­ Fish.. vol. 2, No.2. pp. 6H-79. [Je] tions in Palau waters. South Sea Fish. iNews, vol. 3, Catehes of yellowfin tuna cOITE'lated with water No.1, pp. 2-6. [J] [P] temperatu.re. Fishing eOIl(Utions fOl' yellowfin tuna and skipjack KISHINOUYE, KAMAKleHI. correlated with oCE'anograIlhy. lSH5. Food of tunas and bonitos. Zoo!. Mag., vol. 7, KAWANA, TAKESHI. p. 111. [J] 1934. Tuna fishing in relation to oceanographic eondi­ 1015a. Studies on the mackE'rels, cybiif;1s. and tunas. tions. Prog. Rpt. Hoklmido Fish. Expt. Sta., vol. 31, Proc. Sci. Fish. Assoc., vol. 1, :No.1, I'P. 1-24.· [J] [P] PI>. 1-180. [J] [P] Au.a:is h-i·ra ·n. sp., A. 11/a·ru n. S[)., EIlt7ty·n·nus INito 7'hjmJl.1I8 o1'ieJltalis: Japan: fishing eonditions eor­ n. sp., Katsulronus pelamV8 n. sp.. Thu·/I·/M/S ala­ related with astronomienl and oceanogl'aI,hic fac­ tors; tagging; size eomposition of commereial eateh. 11mga, T. ma.cropteI"1I8, T. 1/1ebachi n. sp., '1'. ol"-ien­ 1937. The eatch of tunny, Thmrnus orienta-lis T. amI S., taUs, T. 1'anlS n. sp.: internal anatoms; cla~sifica­ off Kushiro, Holdmido, in relation to the vertical tion: description; distribution; kE'YS ; ,"fapanE'se eOIll­ difference in water·temperature. Bull. Japanese Soc. mon names; figures; spawning of T. orien-taUs and Sci. Fish., vol. 6, No.2, pp. 73-74. [JE] [P] A. I/Ial"/I·; food and habits of tunas in general. 14 FISHE'R'Y BULLEJr'lN OF THE FISH ANlD WILDLIFE; SERVICE

KISHINOUYE, KAMAKICHI-Continued KISHINOtTYE, KAlIfAIUcHI-Continued 1915b. Anatomical aspects of dark nIUscle. Proc. ScI. 19'23. Contributions to the comp.'lrative study of the so­ Fish. Assoc., yolo 1, No.2, pp. 128-136. [J] [P] called Scombroid fishes. Jour. ColI. Agr., Imp. Univ. Albacore, big-eyed tuna, black skipjack, black tuna, Tokyo, vol. 8, No.3, pp. 293-475. [P] frigate mackerel, Neot1r.1tnntllt ,/'arus, skipjack, ~·el. Au,xilt hi'ra, A. mal'll, Ellt1',/11/.1/oUS Hneat'us, B. yaUo, lowfin tuna: anatomy and vnscular s~'stem of lat­ Ko,tsutl>onus pelam,is. Neothun'llUS macropteru8, N. eral musculature described; figured in part for all ra,1'us, Parat1w'nnus melmchi., 1'luI11nus yermo, T. except big-eyed tuna and N. J'll/'Ult. O1'ientaUs: anatomy; bibliography: classification; 1917a. A new order of the 'feleostomi. Proc. Sci. Fish. description; distribution: figures; food; habits;. Assoc., vol. 2, No.2. pp. 1-4. [J] [P] 'keys; Japanese Common names: synonymy; growth Clnssification; description of internal anatomy of of N. macropterus, T. gel"ll/.o, T. o/'ientalis; enemies or'leI' Plecostei and families Thunnidae and of T. oriehta~:ii!; migration of K. pelamis, T. genna, Katsuwonidae. T. OI"ientaZilt; pnrasites of E. ya.ito, K. pela,mis. N. 1917b. The food of tunas. Proc. Sci. Fish. Assoc., yolo 'I1Ioo/'opterus, P. mebaclli; spawning of E. yaito, K. 2, No.1, pp. 106-108. [J] [P] pelamis, N. mllf:1'opterult, T. orientaUs ; young of Albacore, big-e~'ed tuna, skipjacl" ~'ellowfin tuna: A.,. maru, E. 1mito, K. pelamis, T. ye/,1II-o, T. orlen-talis. stomach c;-ont€'nts; 'juyenile albacore, ,big-eyed tuna, 1924. Observations on skipjack fishing grounds. Proc. skipjack, and Auxis mam recorded from stomachs Sci. Fish. Assoc.. vol. 4, No.2, pp. 87-92. [J] [P] of adults. A,ucis ma'/'II, EtttllYn1wS '/laUo, Ka,tsttU'on.us pelQ;mis, 1918. Amount of blood in the dark muscle and other ?Neothunnus 1lWCr01Jterus: Ryukyu Islands; rec­ muscl€'s of the Plecostei. Proc. Sci. Fish. Assoc.• yol. ords and d€,scriptions of jnveniles. 2, No.3, PP. 259-260. [,J] (P] 1926. An outline of studies of the Plecostei (tuna and Blood cont€'nt of dark lateral muscle of big-eyed skipjack) in 1925. Proc. Sci. Fish. Assoc" vol. 4, tUlia and skipjack compared. No.3, pp. 125-137. [J] [P] 1919a. Studies on the Plecost€'i. Proc. Sci. Fish. Assoc., A'II:ris sp., Ka·tsutt'onlls pelamis, ?Neot1l1w-nus ma­ vol. 2, No.4. 1>p. 269--274. [.J] [P] C'/,olJterus, ?Pa,rathumws mebachi: Ryukyu Islands; Evolution ofvarious tuna s~cies based on internal juveniles r€'corded. described, and fignred. anatomy; vascular s~'stem and anntolllY of lat€'ral KITAHARA, T. musculature of Thunnidae and Katsuwonidae; and 1897. Scombridae of Japnn. Jour. Imp. Fish. Bur., vascular plexuses of albacore, big-eyed tuna. black Tokyo, vol. 6, pp: 1-3. [e] skipjack, blacl" tuna, frigate mackerel, sldlJjack, Thymms germ0, T. macropteru8, T. pe~amys, T. sibi, and y€'llowfin tuna figur€'d. T. thunn,i'lla, T. thtlmw8: figures. 1919b. The larval'and juvenile,stages of the Plecostei. KOCHI PREFECTURAj. FISHERIES EXPERIMENT STATION. Proc. Sci. Fish. Assoc., vol. 3, No.2, pp. 49-53. (J] 1923a. Oceanographic obsel·v.'ltious au{l search for skip­ [P] jack fishing ,grounds. Prog. Rpt. Kochi Pref. Fish. Black skipjack, black tuna, skipjack: western Expt. Sta. for 1921, pp. 1-4. [J] [P] Pacific; juveniles recorded and d€'scribed ; markings Japan; skipjack fishing conditions cor-related with of young Scombroid fishes mentioned; Liitken's oceanogr.'lphic factors. "albacore" juveniles and Gunther's "black skip­ 1923b. Oceanographic obser"ations amI search for tuna jacl," juvenile described and figured. fishing grounds. Prog. Rpt. Kochi Pref. Fish. Expt. 1919c. Black skipjack ;from MeXico. Proc. Sci. Fish. Star for 1921, pp. 5-15. [J] [P] Assor~.• vol. 3, No.2. p. 113. [J] [P] Albacore. big-eye{l tuna. yellowftn tuna: Japan; mi­ Eut1/.lInnus Uncat'us: Mexico; recorded and de­ gration; vertical distribution. scribed as a new species. 1924. Oceanographic obser,'atious and search for tuna 1921. Tunas of the American coast. Proc. Sci. Fish. fishing'grounds. Prog. Rpt. KCichi Pref. Fish. Expt. Assoc.• vol. 3. No.3, p. 239. [J] [P] Star for 1922, pp. 39-!9. [J] [PI , Anatomical diffel'ences between American bluefin Albacore, big-eyed tuna, black tuna, yellowfin tuna: tuna and Japanese black tuna noted. Japan; migration; vertical distribution. 1922a. Ail' bladders of TllUnnidae. Proc. Sci. Fish. KODAMA, MASAHARU, KIYOSHI IIZUKA, and'TosHI HARADA. Assoc., vol. 3, No.4, p. 304. [J] [P] 1934. Weight ratio of various body parts and analyses Albacore, big-eyed tuna, yellowfin tuna: air-blad­ of the normal constituents of fresh fiesh of important ders described; recorded and described for black South Sea fish. Prog. Rpt.,Formosa' Govt.-Gen. Fish. tuna. Expt. Sta. fOl' 1932, Techno!. St!C., pp. 1-6 [J] [P] 192"2b. Carangid-like markings of skipjack. Proc. Sci. Skipjack and tuna examined. Fish. Assoc., vol. 3, No.4, pp. 304-305. [J] [P] KUMAlIIO'OO PREFECTURAL FISHERIES EXPERIMENT STATION. Unusual markings on one specimen recorded and 1946. Experimental pole and line fishing for skipjack. described. Prog. Rpt. Kumamoto Pref. Fish. Expt. Star for 1942, 1922c. Black skipjack also foun{l in Japan Sea. Proc. 1943, 1944, IJP. 8-5. [J] [P] , Sci. Ii'ish. Assoc., vol. 3, No.4, p. 305. [J] [P] RyukYll Islands; skipjack fishing conditions corre­ Distribution record. lated with water temperature. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS 15

KUJl.f.AT.A. T., ET AL. M.ARR•.TOHN b., and MILNE~ B. SCHAEFER. HI·n. Illustrated atlas of edible marine animnl", and 19'/9. D",finitions of bod~' dim(,'nsion;; nsed in d€'scrib• plants of th€' SOUt11 Sells. Nissan Fish. R€'s. Stu., ing tunas. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Servo Fil;h. BUll., Oduwal'a, pp. 62-65. [J] vol. 51, No. 47, pp. 241-244. Kafsuu'o'I/.US 'va (I a 11 S, Neothu,tI.'INtS macropferus, MARTIN. CI.ARO. Pamt1I:1/,1m,us mebach'i,: distribution: English and Hl38. Tuna fishing and long-line fishing in D:I\'ao GUlf, Japanese common names: figur€'s: Dutch and Ma­ Philippines., Philippine JOl11'. Sci., "01. 67. No.2. p. la~'an common nam€'s of N. macl'tJoptel'lIs and P. 189. melia,elli. KatsllU'OllllS lJclam';s, Ncofhu1lnlU< itosibi, N. mn('­ KURONUMA. 'KATSUZO. 1'opteru8: listed in comlUercial catch. 1940. A young of oc€'an sunfish, Molamola. tak€'n from MARUKAWA, HISAl'OSHI. th€' stomach of Gel'lIIo germo, nnd a sp€'cim€'n of 1939. Fish(,'ries of the South Sea Islands: Natural food },fa,stm'u,s lallceolatus as the s€'cond record frol11 Jap­ (If ;;kipjack and tunfiS. South Sea Fish., vol. 5, No. an€'se waters. Bull. Biog"€'og. Soc. Japan, vol. 10, No. ·7. PP. 12-14. [J] [P] 2, pp. 25-28. [JE] Yellowfin tuna: stomach cont€'nts; juY(,'niles of Stomach contents of Gcrmo ycrmo noted. Alu'is tTI.azn/"{l, KntS1Itl'01111S llelami.~, and 1'aratll'l/lI­ L.\.OEPjWE. BF..RNARD GERMAINE J!;TIENNE. 11-118 silJi m(,'ntioned as food of tunas. 1829. Histoire haturelle d,~s poissons. Tome III. In: MATSUlIAR.A. KIYOMATSU. Oeuvl'es du Oomte de Lacel~de. Vol. 7, pp. 278, 285­ 1943. South(,'rn fish(,'s. Formosa Fish. Mfig.. No. 834, pp. 320. 'Paris. [0] 11-14. [J] [P] LESSON, RENE PRIMEVERE. Albacore, big-e~'ed tuna, blac);: tuna, y",llowfin tuna: South Seas: dil;tribution: yellowfin tuna: descrip­ 1880. Voyage nutour du monde, execute pal' ortler du tion: skipjacll:: distribution; migrntion: sexual ma­ roi. sur la corvette d€' sa maj€'ste. "La Coquille", turity in Indo-Pacific region: I;iz(' di1'ferenc(,' between pendant les al1lH~eS 1822. 1823, 1824. 1825. Zoologie, South Seas and Japanese skipjacll:. vol. 2. pt. 1, pp. 162-166. Paris. [C] ThyJl.lluS 1'agalls: Cl€'SC1'iption; distribution; figured. MATSUI, Krzo. H142n. Growt.h, wat(,'r and fat cont(,'nt of the hrnin of LORD, CLIVE. skipjack and tuna. South Sea Sci., vol. ii. No.1, pp. 1927. A list of the fishes of Tasmania. Jour. Pan-Pacific 100-116. [J] [P] Res. Inst., vol. 2, No.4. p. 15. Sll:ipjack and ~'ellowfin tuna. ,A:/l.il'is thazard, Thl/'llllUS 1lW,ccoyi: listed. 19421.. On the gonads of skipjack from the adjacent LtiTKEN. CHRISTIAN FREDERICK. watl'rs of Palau. South Sea Sci., vol. 5. No.1, pp. 1880. Spolia Atlantica. Vidensk. SeIsIn'. Skl'., 5 Sl'r., 117-122. [J] [P] vol. 5. No. 11, pp. 460-483, 595-597 (French r€'sume). Gonad weight used as a criterion of sexual lUatu­ Clal;sification find synonym~' of Orc//Ili/8 spp. and rit.y: gonads figured. Thl/II-11uS spp.; juveniles of O. germ,o del;cribed and l\:IATsuMoTO, TAKESHI. figured. 1937. An inv",stigation of the skipjack fishery in th(,' MACLEAY. 'VILL:i:AM. waters of Wol(,'ui Island. South Sea Fish. News, No. 1881. Descriptive catalogue 01' Austrnlian fishes. vol. I, 8, pp. 2-4.. [J] [P] pp. 191-102. Sydney. [C] Release of t.agged skipjack recorded; migration. ThllntW8 affilli.~, T. 1II11CC.OY';, T. pelamlls: descrip­ MCCl'LLOCH, ALAN R. tion; distribution. 1922. Ch'eck list of the fishes and fil;h-like :mimals of MANTER, HAROLD W. N€'w South Wales. Part III. Australian Zool., vol. 2, 1940. pigenetic trematodes of fish(,'s'frolll the Gnlapagos pt. '8. pp. 104-105. Islands and the n(,'ighbouring Pacific. A. Hancock A uiJ.'is rnIl1Sf1J/'i,• .4.• tlwzat·cl, E'lit/I/OW.1I8 a.11cttet·a.ta" Pacific Expl'd., vol. 2, No. 14, p. 448. E. pelf/mis, TIl/mil-liS genno, T. lIw('coJ./i: listed; synon~'ll1Y: ke~': G/onnosarcla. allett/?'mta and G. petam';s listed as figures of 11. tIw;;:arll, E. pclamis. hosts. :ll1d T. 11u/CcoJ/i. MEEK. SETH E.. and SAMUEL F. HILDEBR.AND. MARR, JOHN C. 102:3. The marine fislles ,of Panama. Part I. Publ. 1048. Observations on the spawning of oceanic skipjack Field Mus. Nat. Hist., "01. 15, No. 215, PP. 314-316. (Katsuwonlls lJelmni8) an~l yellowfin tuna (Neotllu'n­ A.ItiJ.'is tlw::ard. Germo a,lalunga, Gynmosarda alle­ 1/IIS IJw.c'r01JterIl8) ~n the Northern Marshall Islands. temfa, G. peI0m.is, Thunnu8 'tlll/n'/Hls: description; U. S. Fish and Wildlife Servo Fish. Bnll., vol. 51, No. s~·nonymy. 44, pp. 201-206. dil;tribution; ke.y: Ilnf8uwQuu8 lJelfunis: Marshall Islands; records MET:!.. CHARLES WILSON. and <1escl'iptions of juveniles; ova measurements. 1ge. The fishes of Laguna Beach, Calif. I. Ann. Rpt. K. pelamis, Neothu1l'1H/S 1lwcrolJtel'us: spawning; Lngunfi Marine Lab., "01. I, p. 82. [C] length. sex, maturity data. Germo alallu/{Ia, TIll/mIllS tllllnlllt8: recorded. 9291i9°--51----2 16 FII3-HE'RY BULLEnN OF THE FISH AN:D' WILD'LIFE SERVICE l\IIE PREFECTURAL FISHERIES EXPERIMENT STATION. MIYAU(!HI, SAICHI. 1H30a. InYt:'stigation of sl;:ipjack fishing groumls and 1915. Chemical studies of the dark lateral muscle. Proc. guidance in fishing. Prog. Rpt. Mie Pref. Fish. Expt. Sci. Fish. Assoc.• vol. 1, No.1. pp. 38-49. [J] Sta. for W27, pp. 1-15. [J] [P] Albacore, big-eyed tunn. black sldpjack, black tuna, Japan: skipjack fisbing conditions correlated with skipjack: chemical analyses of flesh and dn~'k water temperatures and specific gravity. muscle.. 1930b. Skipjack fishing and oceanographic conditions. MORI, TAMEZO. 1{l~7, Prog.. Rpt. Mil'. Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for pp. 1928. A catalogue of the fishes of Korea. Jour. Pan­ 15-17. [J] [P] Pacific Res. Inst., vol. 3. No.3, p. 5. [Je] Japan; skipjack fishing conditions correlated witb AllJ'is thaZa1"d, T1w1/·n.us orientaUs: listed. watel' temperature and specific gravity. 193(/('. Investigation of tuna fisbing gr(lUnds and guid­ NAKAMURA, HIROSHI. ance in fishing. Prog. Rpt. Mie Pref. Fisb. Expt. Sta. 1935. tiber intersexualitiit bei K(/tsl/'1('Onll.~ pcl(/Jll.i.~ for 19~7, PP. 18-33. [J] [P] ·(Linn.). Trnns. Nat. Rist. Soc. Formosa, vol. 25. . Albacore, big-e~'ed tuna, black tuna, ~'ellowfin tuna: No. 141. pp. 197-198. [J] Japan; fishing conditions correlated with water Example of herinaphroditism recorded and de­ temperature and specific gravity. scribed. 1930d. Investigat.ion of skipjack fishing groumls and 1936. On the food habits of yellowfln tuna. Neothll"lln·lts guidance in fishing. Prog. Rpt. J.\iIie Pref. Fish. Expt. lIIac-ropferltS (Schlegel). from the Celebes Sea. Trans. Sta. for 1928, pp. 1-18. [J] [P] Nat.' Hist. Soc. Formosa. vol. 28. ·No. 148, pp. 1-8. Japa~; skipjack fishing conditions correlated with [J] [P] water temperature and specific gravity. Analyses of stomach contents; length-weight data. 1930e. Investigation of tuna fishing grounds and guid­ 1938. Preliminary report. on the habits of the black tuna. ance in fishing. Prog. RIot. Mie Pl,"ef. Fish. Expt. Sta. ThUlin-u.s ori&ntaUs (Schlegel). Zool. Mag.• vol. 50, No. for H128, pp. 19-33. [J] [P] 5, pp. 279-281, pIs. 1-8.' [J] [P] Albacore, big-eyed tuna. black tuna, yellowfin tuna: Description and figure of mature egg; gonads fig­ Japan; fishing conditions correlated witb water ured; distribution; sexual maturity; spawning temperature and specific gravity. arens and season. MIGI'fA, M.. and K. ARAKAWA. 1939a. Notes on the differences bet.ween Neothu·n.n1Is 1948. Melanopborhormone of fisbes. Contrib. Cent. 'I1lacl'Optel"lIs and Neoth1blUlUS itos;'b·;', Formosa Fish. Fish. ExIot. Sta. Japan (1946--1948), No. 39, pp. 241­ . Mag., No. 288, pp. 27-32. [J] [P] 244. [Je] Neoth'II'n-nus mac-roptel'us: classification; morpho­ Frigate mackerel, skipjack, Tl/.un-n·us O1'ientaZis., .metric data; synonymy; Neot111WII41S compared with yellowfin tuna: mel:l.llophorhormone content of Se.math·/ln1ws. pitu~tary glands tabulated: proportional weights of th~ various parts of T. or;'e1/tuUs brain: brain of yellow­ 1939b. Report on investigation of Thunnidae in fin tuna figured. Formosan waters. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. MINE, TATSUZO. and SATORU IEHISA. Sta. Publ., No. 13, pp. 1-15. [Je] [P] 1940. Appearances of the groups of T1w1/'nus orie·MaUs A'II;'tis hint, A. ma'ru, Eutllyn"/l'lIs lmito: classifica­ (T. and S.) in the seas south of K~'ushu. Bull. Japa­ tion; Japanese C01llmon names; synonymy. Katsu­ nese Soc. Sci. Fish.. vol. 8, No.6, i)p. 292-294. [Je] [P] 1V01WS pelam-is. Kishinoella ro,ra. Neoth1l11nlls Size COllllJOsition of commercial catch. ma.c-ropterus, Pm'afhm/1/11S mebach';', Thllmius germo, MIYAMA, YOSHIMICHI. and ISAMU OSAKABE. T. ol'ientaUs: classification; description;

NAKAlIrURA, HIROSHI-Continued OITA PREI.'ECTlJUAL FISHERIES EXPERIMENT STATION-Con. 1949. Tunas and tuna fishing. Takeuchi Bookstore, 1930. Repol·t of expel'imental tuna fishing in the Kanto Tok~'o, April, 194{), 118 pp. [J] [P] region. Prog. Hpt. ":lita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for Genno germo, Neofhu"/Illl/s mae/"Optcrus. N. 1'01"'IIS, 19'27. pp. 1-40. [J] [P] pa'l'athulIIj;l/s lIlCb'.IChi, Thm:t:JI.1/.8 OJ·ieu.fa U8: .bibli­ Big-eyed tuna, hlaC'1;: tuna, ~'ellowfin tUlia: central ogrllphy: anatoniy; classification; description·; Japllll: morphometric data; body templ'ratures cor­ distribution; food: habits; keys; ·figures; Japunese related with water temperlltures; fishing conditions common llIHues; s~'non~'my; migmtion of a. germo in- relation to oceanogl'llphy and wenther. and 7'. orientaUs.: sllawning of N. 111 ael'0l>ferus, OKADA. YAICHIRO, and KIYOM ..\TSU MATSUBAR..<\.. T. orienta.lis; description of T. oriental·is eggs: G. HI3S. Keys to the fishes and fish-like animali:' .-.f Japan. yermo. N. maeroptcrl/s. P. Illcbachi; catch pel' unit The Sanseido Co. Ltd.. Tokyo, pp. 146-1;:;0. [J] of effort; fishing conditions in relation to ocean~ A.uil'i-s him, A. fapeifllJsoll/ fl. EllthtnUllIS alletfel'(/tus, ography. E: !laitO, Gel'llIo [lel'll/o, Katsu-wollllS ·l'a[lans. Kishi­ .NAKAMURA RESEARc~r STAFF. noella l'm'a, Neothu"//lIl1S ito.~ibi. N. m(/el'opt('I'I/.~, 104l( Report of the inH'stigation of. sldpjack and tuna Pa.1"aflwntf.lIs sibi, Tll11l1nus orientalis.· classifica­ resources. Cent. Fish. Expt. Sta. Rpt., No. 1 (for tion; description; distribution; key; Japanese COlli­ HI-!7 I, 7 pp. [J] mon names. KatsIlIVol/://S pi"lamis: 'Japan; morphometric data; OKAMOTO. Gor.ozo. counts of meristic characters; size composition 19-!(). On the composition of shoals of "katsuo" Eufllpn­ and sex ratio of commercial catch: sexual maturity; nus llQ(lanS (Lesson) ill the northeastern Japanese stomach contents; gonad weights; egg counts. waters as analyzed by the body weight. Bull. Japa­ NICHOLS, JOHN TltEADWELT" ·and FnANCESCA R. LAMoNTF.. nese Soc. Sci. Irish., vol. 9, .No. 3.1313. 100---102. (Je] 1941. Yellowfin, Allison's and related tunas. Ichth. [P] Contrib. Internatl. Game Fish Assoc.. vol. 1. No.3, Size and age composition. pp.27-32. OKINAWA PREFECTURAL FISHERIES EXPElUlIIENT STATION. Ncothu.1/·I/.IlS a.lbacora., N. allisoni. N. cate/Unae, N. 1931. Investig-ation of the maturity of si;:ipjack. Prog. ral'"lts; classification; description: English common Rpt. Ol;:inllwa Pref. Fish. Expt. Stll. for 1930. pp. 106- names; key; synonymy; provisional subspecies, 107. [J] [P] . Ncothm/.nt/-8 aJbaeo-ra. a/ba(:ol'll, N. a/baeol'a· ma-... Sli:ipjack length-weight data: gonad weight and C'/'OptCI'US, N. a.ZUso·lIi altisO'ni-, N. a·lUsoni. itosib'i-, maturity. and N. ral'l/.8 zacaUeS, proposed. 1940a. Experimental skipjack fishing. Prog. Hpt. Oki­ NICHOLS, JOHN TREAllWET,J" lind ROBERT CUSHMAN nawa Pref. }I'ish. Expt. Sta. fOI' 193{!, pp. 3-5. [J] MURPHY. [P] Hyukyu Islands: sliipj[l('k .('ut('h correlated with ail' 1922. On a collection of marine fishes fl'om Pern. Bull. and water temperatures. American Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 46, art. 9, PI). 503,507. 1940b. Experimental tuna fishing. Prog. Rpt. Okinawa Gel'llIo al'gellti'l'itfat·//s: Peruvian couimon name; Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1930, PIl. 6-8. [J] [P] description. Big-e~'ed tuna. black tuna: Bonin Islands; ('atches fi~hes 19·H. A collection of from the ·Panama Bight, correlated with water temperature. Pacific Ocean. Bull. American Mus. Nat. Bist., vol. 1943. Expf>l'imentlll skipjack fishing. Prog. Rpt. Oki­ 83, art. 4. p. 240. nawa Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for H)-!1, pp. 4-14. [J] l(atsIlWOtf.IIS pelflmis.· listed. [P] . R~'ul;:~'u Is]andi:': dii:'tribution of sldpjacli: ('atch OITA PREFECTUIIAI, }I'ISHEUIES EXPEUIlIIENT STATION. correlated with air a11(1 water templ:'ratures. 1925. Expe.rimental tuna fishing. Prog. Rpt. Oita Pref. OKUDA, YiiZURU. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1924, pp. 37-106. [J] [P] 1918. Some studies in marine ehemistr~'. Proc. Sci. Albacore, big-eyed tuna, skipjack.. yellowfin tuna: Fish. Assoc., vol. 2, No.3, pp. 193-204. [J] [P] Ryukyu ISIIl11(ls; morphometric data. Ohemical analysis of (llll'k Illuscle of frigate nll1C'1;:­ 1927a. Experimental tuna fishing. Prog. Rpt. Oita Pref. erel and skipja('k. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 19'35, pp. 1-56. [J] [P] OKUlIIA, YASUlIIIOHI. KAKUJI IlIIAIZUlIU, and JiiKO M.<\.KI. Albacore, big-eyed tuna, black hina, yellowfin tuna: 1935. Investigation of South Sea fisheries by the Shonan .Ryul;:yu Islands; llll)l'phometric data; bod~' tem­ Maru: Illvestigation of tuna tishirlg grounds. Prog. peratures correlated with water temperature. Rpt. Formosa Goyt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1033, 1927b. Experimental longline fishing for tuna. Pl'Og. Fish. Sec., pp. 12()-123. [J] [P] Rpt. Oita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1926. pp. 1-54. Yellowfin tunll: Indo-Pacific region: distribution; [J] [P] stomach contelits; length-weight datIl; sexual ma­ Big-eyed tUlia. yellowfin tuna: Ryukyu Islands; tl1l'ity: fishing conditions in relation to oeennog­ nlOrphometric data. l'aphy and weather; catch per unit of effort. 18 FISHERY BULLETIN OiF THE, FISH AN:D> WIT..DLIFE' SERVICE

C)l\lOUI. KAGEYU. and TAKESHI FUJIMOTO. RICHARDSON, JOHN. 1040. Expp.rimental longline fishing. for tuna. Prog. 1846. lleport on ichthrology of the seas of China and Rpt. Nagasnki Pref. Fish.· Expt. Sta. for 1938. Pl'. Japnn. Rrlt. British AssoC'. Adv. Sci.. 15th meeting, 175-214. [J] [P] Pl'. 267-268. Big-e~'ed tuna. blacl;: tuna: Jnpnn; catches COl"l'e­ ']'hY'/lnus lIIacl'opterus, T. orientali8, ']'. lJelamys, T. lated with water temperature and specific gravity. sibi, ']'. tlUIJInilw: srnonymy; distribution. O)lORI, KAGI_YU. and MASanimals. Bull. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish., tiOIiS and skipjack fishing grounds in Northeastern vol.·5. No.3, Pl'. 102-104. [Je] [P] waters: Miyagi Pref. Fish. ExVt. Sta.• March, 103{t, Growth hormones in skipjack livers. 12 pp. [J] [P] PHILUPPS. W. J. Skipjack fishing conditions correlated with water Hl27a. A check-list of the fishes of New Zealand. Jour. temperature; migration; size composition of school... Pan-Pacific Res. Inst.. vol. 2, No.1. p. 14. 1939b. The relationship between oceanographic condi­ Eutllll"l/nlls pela-mis. Genno ger'mon: listed. tions and albacore fishing grounds east of Cape No­ 1927b. Bibliography of New Zealand fishes. New Zea- jima. l\:li~'agi Pref. l!~ish. Expt. Sta.. April 193f1, 14 pp. land Mar. Dept. Fish. Bull., No.1, Pl'. 4546. [J] [P] Genno genllo. K(/ts'IIU'on'lls lJelmnis. Thlll/III18 ph';'Z­ lippsi: listed; classificntion; s~'nonymy: New Zea­ Albacore fishing c«;:mditions correlated with water land and Maori common names. temperature; migration; size composition of schools. PHILLIPS. W. J., and E.·R. HODGKINSON. SCAGEL. R. F. 1922. Further notes on the edible fishes of New Zealand. 194H. Report on the inYN'tigation of albacore. Pacific New Zealand Jour. Sci. Technol., vol. 5, No.2. p. 93. BioI. Stu.• Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, Circ. No. 17, 23pp. Ge'l'Ino. yermo. Gyul1/.o8(/l'da pc/a·m'i8: recorded. ThlMl.,//us a.lalunrlU: Northwest Pacific; catch corre­ POWELL. A. W. B. lated with oceanographic conditions; size composi­ 1937. Marine fishes new to New Zealand: including the tion of commercial catch: stomach contents; tag­ elescription of a new species of Halieutaea. 'I'rans. ging'; body temperatmes. Roy. Soc. New Zealanel, vol. 67. pt. 1, p. 80. Neothullmls itosibi: recorded; synonymy: descrip­ SCHAEFER, MILNER B. tion; figureel. 1945a. Morphometric characteristics and relative ~'ellowfin REEVES. CORA D. growth of tunas (Neothunll-llS ·t/l(/cropte,/,u8.1 1928. A cataiogue of the fishes of Northeastern China from Central America. Pacific Sci., yolo 2. No.2. pll. and Korea. Jour. Pau-Pacific Res. Inst., vol. 2,.No. 3, 114-120. p.8. Morphometric data; length-weight relationship: AllJ'is fape';'1/ogoma. A. t1/o-2'(/,/,ll. Kat8/I'It:01HIS ','agans, growth; classification based on variations in dorsal Neotll,mmls1IIaC',/,opte,/,us, ']'luolll·us orienta,Us: listed.. and anal fin length discussed. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS 19

SCHAEFER, MILNER B.--Continued SERVENTY. D. L. 104,sb. Size composition of catches of ~'ellowfin tuna 1941. The Austrnlian tunas. Council Sci. and Indust. (Ncothunllus 1//acropterusj from Central America, Res.. Australia, Pnmpblet No. 104, pp. 1-48. . and their significance in the determination of growth, .duX'is 1hazal'd, EufhymlllS allette-ra·tus, KatslI-wo'lll/s age, and schooling llabits. U. S. Fish ancI WIdlife .pe1amis, KislI-hlOella, tOJl[f[lol, Neothu1lnus' macl'op­ Servo Fish. BUl~.. YOl. 51. No. 44. PI'. 197-200. tel'lIS, Thll-JlIlU8 [lCI'Il/O, T. maecoyi-.' distribution, Size composition of commercial catch; sexual ma­ description. key, figures. Australian common turit~' ; age; growth : schooling habits; length­ names; size groups. migration, and spnwning of T. frequencr data from mixed school of sl;:ipjack and 'f/lo((eeOlli; length-weight relntionship. and internal yellowfin tuna. . and ext.ernal differences of K. fOil !I!101 and T. ·mac· 194,sc. Spawning of Pacific tunas and ib' imIJlications eOlli I~ompared; livers lIf K. fOllyyol alid T. 1//(ICOOlli to the welfare of the Pacific tuna fisheries. Trans. figured. Thirteenth North .Amer. Wildlife Conf., pp. 366-371. 1942a. Notes on the econolllics of the northern tuna A/M'is sp., I1u.fh!mllus Uneafu.s, E. yaito, 1(u/su­ (Kish-illoclla fOIl[l1/(1). Jour. Council Sci. and In­ "/(,O"/l//S pclalllis, Neo/hun1l-lls ma·cropterus. Thullt/.1(s dust. Res.. Australia. vol. 15, No.2, pp:94-100. [lerlllo: Pacific .Ocean ; distrihution; review of rec­ Distribution; feeding babits; stomnch cCllltents: ords and observations on spllwning and juveniles; spawning.. management problem. 1942b. The tuna Kishi-1Ioclla fOJ/[I[/Ol Bleeker in Aus· SCHAEFER, MILNER B.• nnd J. C. MARl:. tralin. Jour. Coundl Sei. and Indust. Res., Australia. 194,sa. Spawning of ~'ellowfin tuna (Neothu"/I.III1S m,a­ vol. 15, No.2. PP. 101-112. eropterus) and skipjad;: (Kat/Nt 1l'0"/l//.8 pflamis) in Distribution; description; ratios of various body. the Pacific Ocean off Central Amerka, with descrip­ proportions; internnl anatomy; s~'nonymy; com­ thins of juveniles. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Servo Fish. pared with Kishinoena zacal1cs, Neothunllus "anls, Bull., vol. 51. No. 44, pp. 187-105. Thllmius Jlic01soni, Tlll/"lI1WS t01l[11/01,; figures of T. N "othu1/.J1.uS 1/l-a.cropterlls: size composition in com­ t01l[l[101 and Kish-inoel1a, tOll-[I[101; cranium of K. mercial catch; sexual maturity; spawning. Ka·fsll­ fonU[lol figured. t{'OJ1.US 11e1allli8: sexual maturity: spawning: rec­ 1947. A report on COlllmercial tuna trolling tests in ords of capture, descriptions, and figures of N. southeastern Austrnlia. Jour. Coull('il Sci. and In· 1//aeropterlls and K. pe1a'lll-is juveniles. dust. Res., Australia, vol. 20, No.1. pp. 1-16. 1948b. Juvenile E·lIthyJl.1/.us Uneatus and .4.u;1'is t7wzar,z KafsuU'o"/l"IIS pe1ml/ls, TlI-U'Il-}UIS yerlllO, T. IIwoeoyU: from the Pacific Ocean off Central America. Pacific recollled in catch: cntch pel' unit of effort. and Sci.. vol. 2, No.4. pp. 262-271. size composition of T. ·muecoyii. AnQ.tomy. counts of meristic characters. descrip­ tion. figures, and recOl'ds of capture of juveniles. 1948. .4.llothu·n/l-lls faUai a new genus and species of tuna from New Zealand. Rec. Canterbury Mus., vol. 5. SCHMIDT, P.. No.3, pp. 131-135. 1030. A ched;:-list of the fishes of the .Rin-Kiu Islands. Jour. Pa'J1-Pllcifie Res. Inst., vol. 5, No.4, p. 3. CIllssificatioll; description; morllhometric measure­ Enf1/tnt/uts aUetera·fIl8: listed. ments; internal anatomy of type specimen; records SCHMITT. WALilO L., and LEONARD P. SCHULTZ. of spetimens and occurrences; compared with 1940. List of the fishes taken on the Presidential Crnise Katsuwonidae; type specimen, liver, gill rakers of 1938. Smithsn. Misc. Collect., vol. 9S, No. 25, p. 3. figured. EIlt1/·YnJlus a11ettcm:tus, E. Utlfl(/.fuS: listed and com­ SHAPIRO, SIDNEY. pared.. 1{l4,sa. The Japanese tuna fisheries. SCAP Nat. Re· SCHULTZ. LEONARD P. sources Sec. Rpt. No. 104. 60 pp. 1049. A further eont.rihntinn to the ichthyolog~' of Kutsl/.·wonus pe1alllis, Neot1/!IIJ1t1u.~ lIIaC1"OptCl'US, Venezuela. Proc. U. S, Natl. Mus., \'01. 99, pp. 1-~11. ThlltUlIIS yermo, 7'. oriell-faf.i~: hibliography; classi· T1I-1f11"ll-l/s thynnl/s: listed; synon~·my:.English and fication; description; distribution; migration; Venezuelan comlllon names. food; habits; fishiug conditions cOl'l'elated with SCHur:rz, LEONARD P.. and ALLAN C. DELACY. oceanogrllphy; figures : Japanese common names. . 1936. A clltalogne of the fishes nf Washington arid 194,sb. Aquatk resources of the R~'llk~'u area. SCAP Oregon wit.h flistrihutional reeords and a bibliog­ Nat. Resnnrees Sec. Rpt..No. 117. 54 pp. raphy. l"Jid-Pacific Mag.. vol. 49, No.1, pp. 70-71. A.tI.;lJM hir(/., A. tup6inosoma, EIlt1I.!/IlII/I.s lIaUo, Kat· GenII0 (/1.n1// 11[111. Thmml/8 tJ/ll1ll!1IS: synonymy; S/(-/{'OIlUS pl'!amis. Neotll:u1IJI:1l1i/ mae1"opterus, Pa.rl/­ distributiflllal records. t7U/-IIlI-lIS sl,bi, 7'/1.111/.11 liS !/ermo. T. oriel1ta1is: SEALE, ALVIN. bibliography; distributiOll: Ryukyuan COllllllon 11)40. Report on fi!'hes from Allan Hancock Expe1litions names; migration amI spawning of K. pelalllis. in t.he California A('adem~' of Sciences. A. H'lllcock Pacific Expecl., vol. fl. No.1, pp. 17-18. SUUIAlIIURA, KANAE. EuUI/IJlJlus Uueaflls. KatslI·/t'onlls 1Je1amis. Neo­ ·1927. On the correlation between skipjack catch :md f1/u·JlJlus ma.('roptel'us: deseription; records of specific gravity of sea water. Sea and Sk~', vol. 7. capture. No. 12. pp. 106--198. [J] [P] 20 FISHER'Y BULLET-IN OF'THE. FISH ANoD' WILDLIFE' SERVICE

SHIMIZU. WATARU. SOUTH SF-AS GOVERNMENT-GENERAL FISHERIES EXPERIMENT 1947. Seasonal changes in the composition of tuna flesh. STATION. Bull. Japanese Snc. Sci. Fish.• Yol. 13, No.1. pp. 193ia. Investigation of the fisheries of the Mariana 27-28; [Je] [P] Islands, l{124, Prog. Bpt. South Seas Govt.-Gen. Fish. Chemical anal~'sis of black tuna flesh. Expt. Sta. No.1, 1923-1085. pp. 6-9. [.J] [P] Distribution of yelIowfin tuna and sli:ipjack. SHIZUOKA PREFECTURAL FISHERIES EXPEnIMENT STATION. 1937b. Investigation of the fisheries of the Marshall 1936. Investigation of skipjadt fishing. PI·Og. Rpt. Islands, 1926-1927. Prog. TIpt. South Seas Gm·t.-Gen. Shizuoka Pref. Fisll. Expt. Sta. for 1934. pp. 1-19. Fisll. Expt. S~a. No.1. 1923-1935. pp. 14--24. [J] [P] [J] [P] Distribution of tunas. Skipjack catch cOlTelated with water temperature. 1937c. Survey of fishing grounds and channels in Palau 193i. Investigation of sldpjadt fishing. Prog. Rpt. waters, 1925-1926. Prog. Rpt. South Seas Govt.~Gen.. Shizuoka Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1935, pp. 259-285. Fish. Expt. 8ta. No.1. 1923-35. pp. ~5-37. [J] [P] [J] [P] Skipjack fishing conditions correlat",d'with oceano­ Skipja~k catch correlated with water temperature. graphic conditions. 1938. Report of oceanographical investigations. South S:r.fITH, OSGOOD R., and MILNER B. SGII~EFER. Seas Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., Mar. 1938. 124 pp. 1949. Fishery E'xploration in the western Pncific (.Ja nu­ [J] [P] ary to June 1948. by vessels of the Pacific Exploration Skipja<:,lt, yel10wfin tuna: South 8eas; catch corre­ Company). Com. Fish. Rey.• vo·!. 11. No.3. Pl'. 1-18. lated with oceanographic conditions. Big-eyed tuna. E/lth//11nll.~ Wl.ifO. Ka.t.~UIrOIlIlS 1Jcl(/~ 1941a. Experimental tuna fishing in waters adjacent to mis. ~'e\lowfin tuna: Hawaiian. Line. former Japa­ Woleai. Prog. Rpt.. South Seas Govt.-Gen: Fis~. Expt. nese mandated islands: occurrence recorded; E. Sta. for 193t:;. pp. 8-12. [J] [P] y(/ito, K. lJel(/JIl.is figured. Distribution of tunas. 1941b. Investigation of tuna fishing In waters adjacent SMITH. ROBERT O. to foreign territories. Prog. Rpt. South Seas GO\·t.­ 1947. Survey of the fisheries of the former Japanese Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1936, pp. 17-26. [JiJ [-P] mandated islands. U. So Fish and Wildlife Sen'.. Fish. Indo-Pacific region: yel10wfin tuna catch correlatefl Leaf. 273, pp. 89--95. with oceanographic conditions. Ka.fS/I'It'Otl1M pelmnis. Neot1/1mnus m(/c/,opteru-8, 1941c. Investigation of skipjack fishing in the central ThulI.nus yermo: Hawaiian and Micronesian com­ Caroline Islands. PI·Og. Rpt. South Seas Goyt.-Gen. mon names. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 193i. pp. 63-68. [J] [P] SNYDER..JOHN OTTERBEIN. Relellse of tagged skipjnck record",d.. 1904. A catalogue of the shore fishes collected by the 1941d. Investigation of skipjack fishing in Yap waters. steamer Albatross about the Hawaiian Islands in Prog. Rpt. South Seas Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta. for 1M2. Bull. U. S. Fish Comm. for 1902. vol. 22. p. 523. 1937, pp. 60-75. [J] [P] Genno sibi: recorded. Skipjack length-weight data; body condition. 1942. Report of a survey of the tuna fishery in Palau SOOIETY FOR THE PROMOTION OF OCEANIC FISHERIES. waters. South Sea Fish. News, vol. 6, No.1, pp.1o-13. 1936. Tunas. Ocean. Fish.. No.4. pp. 1--62. [J] [P] [J] [P] Albacore: differencE's in quality of fles!J. of summer Big-eyed tuna. skipjack. yellowfin tuna: fishing and winter fish correlated with sexual maturity, conditions correlated with currents and water body c.)nrliUon. season; chemical analysis of flesh; temperature. spawning; migration: location of fishing grounds 1943a. Investigation of albacore fishing in the central correlated with oceanography. Thm/1H1s oriel/tuli8: Pacific Ocean. Prog. Rpt. South Seas Govt.-Gen. compared with Thllmllls thltnm/8; spawning. Fish. Expt. Sta. f.)r 1939, pp. 1-13. [J] [P] Length-weight. body depth data for albacore and SOI.DATOV. V. K. yellowfin recorded 1929. A check list of fishes recorded from Russian Pa­ 1943b. Report of the investigation of tuna fishing in .cific waters, Jour. Pan-P!1cific Res. Inst., vol. 4. No.1, waters adjacent to Palau. South Sea Fish. News, p.5. vol. 7: No. I, pp. 2--4. [J] [P] Au,ris tlw·z(/.rd, Tll'/mnU8 th1/lIl1us: listed. Skipjack, yellowfin tuna: fishing conditions corre­ SOLDATOV, V. K., and G. J. LINDBERG.. lated with currents and watel" ternpemtures. 1930. A reyiew of the fishes of the seas of the Far East. STARKS. EDWIN CHAPIN. Bull. Pacific Sci. Fish. Inst., vol. 5. pp. 103-1l)~1. ;1.918. The maclierel and mackerel-like fishes of Cali­ Au:cis hi1"(l, A. 11111/'11. Genno (/l(/I-II//pa. Katsul(om/s fornia. California Fish and Gallle, vol. 4, No.1, pp. pel(/mis, Neot1w:/l·/l'//S 1II(/er01)te1'1('s,. Th1/·j/.1l·us tl"yll­ 118. 119, 123, 124. 111M: classification; description: distribution: I,ey; Tll'/mnus (/.l(/lul1g(/. T. 11WCI'01Jterlts. T. tll·/mllus: synon~'my: I,eys to P(//'(/.f1wnmts and Kishinoe/.la; description; distribution; '1'. 1//(/cl'optc:rus and T. Tll'/Jn.IIU8 tl/1f// II1ts figured. tll111111-118 figured; food of T. (/l(/lu·~lga. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS

S'I,'ARKS, EDWIN CHAPIN, and EARL LEONARD "MORRIS. TAIHOKU PROVINCE FISHERIES EXPERU,lF:NT STATION-Con. 1907. The marinE' fishes of southE'rn Califol'llill. Univ. 192fl. Report of experimental sldpjack fishing. Prog. California Publ. Zool., vol. 3, No.1, pp. 170. 181, Rpt. Taihokll Provo Fish. Expt. Sta. No.5 (for 1028). 188--189. pp. 1-80. [J] [P] Genl/o al-a1.ull{Ja, G. ma.cropter-us, Gym·lIosa.rda RyulQ'll Islands; occurrence of skipjack in relation pe.lamis. ThulIIl'llS thynnus: distribution; English to water tempel'ature. water color, and specific cornwon names; food of G. al-alunga. gravity: body weights; stomach contents; gonad weights. STEAD, DAVID G. 193::!. Heport of the investigation of skipjack fishing 1906. Fishes of Austl'lllia. Pp. 161-165. SYdn·ey. grounds. Prog. Rpt. Taihoku Prm'. Fish. Expt. Sta. Genl/o alalwnga, G1/m.'/l.osarda pelamis. T1Uln-1I1IS No.7 (,for 1(30), pp. 1-17. [J] [P] tll.1/lIn·u.s: description; distribution. R~'ukyu Islands: skipjack fishing conditions corre­ 1908. The edible fishes of New South Wales. Dept. Ia ted with water temperature and watel' color. Fish.• New Sont.h Wales. pp. 95-97. AmI/is (hazard, Glllllllos(l.rdc{ a.llettcrata, G. pdmnis, TAKAHASHI. NISUKE. Tlw Il1I·US genl/o, T. maeco1/i: list.ed; description of 1924. On tht' new ordet· "Plecostei" established b~' Dr. T. ·maCc.olli. Kishinouye,' Zool. Mag., vol. 36, No. 432. pp. 397-408. SUYEHIRO, YABUO. [Jl. [P] Internal anatomy; classification; criticism of Kishi­ 193ft The reasons why the bonito does not take t.o haits. nouye's order Plecostei. Fish. Invest. (SUIJPI. TIpt.) IIIlp. Fish. ·EXI)t. Sta., No.3. Paper No. 31, pp. 14-16. [Je] [P] 1926. On the Plecostei, an order of the Teleostflmi estab­ St.omach .anatomy; st.omach contents: length. lished by Prof. Kishinouye. Jour. C..,l1. Agr., Imp. weight, body ·condition of skipjack from lUrrel'ent Univ. Tokyo, vol. 7. No.4, pp. 383-39S. [JE] schools compnred. TAK.4.0 PROVINCE FISHERIES EXPERIMENT STATION. 1938. The study of finding the reasons why the bonito 1927. Experimental longline fishing for tnna and spear· does not take to the angling-baits. J(lur. Imp. Fish. fish. PI·Og. Rpt. Tllkao Provo Fish. Expt. Sta., vol. 1. Expt. Sta., No.9. PapE'r No. 69. pp. 87-101. [Je] [P] pp. 12-16. [J] [P] Stomach anatomy; stomach' contents: length, Big-e~'ed and yel10wfin tuna: Formosa; v",rtical dis­ . weight. body cllndition of sldpjaek from different tribution; fishing conditions correlated with time schools compared; food organiSllls figured. of day and tides. 1941. On tlle islets of Langerhans of teleost fishes. TAKAYAMA. I" and S. ANno. Jour. Imp. Fish. Expt. Stu., No. 11. Paper No. 82. 1934. A study of the "maguro" (ThuII-JlI/.8) fishing. in PP. 121-138. [Je] [P] 1930. JonI'. Iml). Fish. Expt. Stp.. No.5, Paper No. 38, Genl/o genno, KatSIl1V01W8 1'(lgaIl8, Neoth1l1l1lU8 PP. 1-21. [Je] [P] . 1//aeropterus. Pa·rath'llnnus sibi. NeothuJl'III18 'IIlac.ropterlls. Pamfhunnus 11lebachi. 1942. A stmly on the digestive system and feeding habits ThllJlnlls gerlllo, 1'. or'icntaUs: fishing conditions cor­ of fish. J'al>anese Jour.. Zool., vol. 10. No.1, pp. 1~'303. [JE] related with surface water temperatm'e; optimum 1(a·ts//1(7011118 '/)agans, NeotllU1Hl-1I8 m(lc.ropterIl8. temperature for occurrence of fish recorded. PI/mthUlllllt8 s;.l)i.. Tllf1l1'/l'll8 or;enfaUs: digestive TAKAYAMA, I.. N. IKEDA, and S. ANDO. system described: analysis of stomach contents; 1934. A study of the "katsuwo" (Ka·fsUlf'01l1IS pe7all/is) digestive system of 1(. l'agaIlS, N. lIlacrop!erus, T, fishing in 1930. Jonr. Iml). Fish. Expt. Sta., No.5, orientaU8 figured. Paper No~ 30, pp. 23-56. [Je] [P] . TAIHOKU PROVINCE FISHERIES EXPERIMENT STATION. _. Fishing conditions correlated with surface water 1027a. Experimental skipjack fishing. Prog. Rpt.. Tni· teml>erature: temperatnre range and optimum tem­ holm Provo Fish. Expt. Sta. 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Pu'/"(/th!l'llJlUS siM. ·Th/llr.'lI-lIs stomach contents of skipjack. al-altmga, T. thyml1ts: distribution; synonymy. 22 FISHERY BULLE'IlN OF THE. FISH "ANn WILD·LIFE SERVICE

TARANETZ, A. R. TIRANT. GILBERT. 1937. Handbook for identification of fishes of Soviet 1920. Note sur les poissons de la 'Basse-Cochinchine et Far East and adjacent wnterll. Bull. Pacific Sci. du Cambodge. Note Servo Oceilnogt. P~ch. Indochine, Inst. Fish. and Oceanogr., vol. 11, pp..86-87. No.6. p. 46. AUOJis hlra, A. 1I1aru, GeNno alalunga, KafslHOOntlS ThY'/l-1/!/IS thfbnina: listed. pelamis, N eofhu1I-lws 'macropferlls, Tlw·nnus t11.yn­ TO},UNAGA, SEIJIRO. '1HIS: classification; distribution; key. 1943. Bonitos. Sci. Sea, vol. 3. No. 10, pp. 460-465. [J] TAUCHI, MORISABT'RO. Frigate mackerels, black sldpjack: description: 1940a. On the stock of Thllnmls orientaUs (T. and S.). distribution; habits: food; Japanese common Bull. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish.. vol. 9, No.4, pp. 133­ names; migration and population analysis of Japa­ 135; [Je] [P] nese skipjack stock. Survival rates: rates of exploitation: age and size TOMIYAMA, TETSUO. composition. 1933. The chemical composition of tunny liver oil. Bull. 1940b. On the stock of NeofhynnlUl macroptcrus (T. anf! Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 2, No.1, pp. 1-7. [Je] S.). Bull. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 9, No.4, pp. [P] 136-138. [Je] [P] Survival rates; rates of exploitation; age and TOYAMA, YUw, ET AL. size composition: migration: population analysis. 1941.. Studies on fish in Japan as a source of insulin. 1940c. On the stock of Germo.uermo (LacepMe). Bull. Bull. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 10, No.4. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 9. No.4, pp. 139-141. Genno germo, Kat8u'wonus t'agan8, Neotlw.nnu8 [Je] [P] maC'l'optet"l18, Para.thunnll8 si,bl: yields of insulin Survival rates.; rates of exploitation; age and size tabulated. composition. TUBB, J. A. 1941. On the stock of Eu,thyml.us vaya·n8 (L.). Bull. 1948. Whale sharks and devil rays in North Borneo. Japanese Soc. Sci.' Fish., vol. 11, Nos. 5 and 6, pp. Copeia, No.3, p. 222. 1j9--183. [Je] Euthynn:IlJJ m(1cl'optera: recorded. TElIU[lCK, COENIUAD JACOR, and HERMANN SCHLEGEL. UCHIDA, KEITARO. 1850. Pisces. In Siebold, Ph. Fl'. von, Fauna Japonica 1923. On the jumping and fiight of fishes and otber sive descriptio animalium quae in itinere pel' Japo­ marine animals. Proc. Sci. Fish. Assoc., vol. 4, No. niam suscepto annis lS~3-1S30 collegit, etc. Lugduni 1, pp. 43-73. [J] Batavorum, vol. 3, pp. 94--97. E·ltt1tynnus vagans, 7'hunl1l1s thynllns: jumping be­ Tl1./I1l",tIS macropterlts. T. orientaUs, T. pelamys, haviol' described. T. Sllli, T. fhuJIlI·ina·: descriptions of all except T. UDA, MICHITAKA. fhunnl-na; figures of all except T. 01'ientaUs; T. 1932. On the body weights of some scombroid fishes of thunnina compared with Mediterranean T. Uwn­ nina; T. sibi compared with Thl/ml.us alalonga Japan. Bull. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 1, No.3,. , (Cuvier). pp. 124-129. [Je] [P] THOMPSON, WILLIAM F .. and ELMER HIt!lGINS. Thunnu8 tl1./mnlls: probable causes of season,al 1919. Notes from the State Fisheries Laborntory. Cali- variations in body weights. fornia Fish and Game, vol. 5, No.4, pp. 200-203. . 1935a. On the estimation of favourable temperature for Allwis fha,zanl noted in comme.reial catch: distribu­ long-line fishing. of tunny. Bull. Japanese Soc. Sci. tion of albacore. Germo 'macr01Jferlls: description; Fish., vol. 4, No.1, pp. 61-65. [Je] [P] compared with bluefin tuna, Thl(.1l.n~18 thymMIS. Genno macroptenl8, Parafhllnn.us 8ibi, Thunmls TINKER, SPENCER W. alalllnya, T. fhlW.ntt8: Japan; distribution in re­ 1944. Hawaiian fishes. Tongg Publ. Co., Honolulu, pp. lation to water temperature. 154-160. 1935b. The results of simultaneolls oceanographical in- . Au:ris thazard. Eufhynlllts allfftera.flts. E. pelmn·iJJ, vestlgations in the north Paeific Ocean adjacent to' Genno a.lalunga,. Neothllnlllls 1l/o(l.CroptenlS, Pa·l'(I.­ Japan made in August 1933. Jour. Imp. Fish. Expt. thlll1'null sibi. Semathunnus ltosi.bi, Th-Il11nt18 orlen.­ Sta., No.6, Paper No. 43, pp. 1-130. [Je]. [P] talis. T. fllYJl.t1us: description; distribution; figures E·llth/I·nllus 'I'(lgans: fishing conditions and distribu­ of all except S. itoslbi; English common names; tion 'correlated with oceanography; size composi­ Hawaiian common nallles of E. a-lletteratlls, E. tion of schools and commercial catch; habits. 1Jelamis, N. macrOpferl18, T. thymw,s; Japanese 1936. Locality of fishing centre and shoals of "katuwo" COlllmon names of N. l1WCI'Opterus, S. itosib';', T. EIlU/./m,11Ils t'agalls (Lesson) correlated with the con­ ol'ieJl.ta./i8, T. thym/!/Is.: European common names of G. alall/llya. T. tllllJl.·nJl.S; habits. food, enemies of tact zone of cold and warm currents. BUll. Japanese E. pelalnis; food, enemies. reproduction of T.. Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 4. No.6. pp. 385-390. [Je] [P] f hl/nJl. 1111 ; ext€'rnal diff€'rences between T. orien... EllthJ/JlII.1l8 t'ayal1S: Japan: occurrenee and migra­ falbJ lind T .. t1l//1/11IlS;. food. reproduction of N. tion correlated with water temperature. Recoveries macropterlls. of tagged skipjack noted. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS 23

UnA. MICHITAKA-Continued UEHARA. TOKuzo. 1938. CQrJ;elation of the catch of "katuo" in the waters 1941. A survey of tuna grounds in equatorial waters. adjacent to Japan. Bull. Japanese Soc.· Sci. Fish., South Sea Fish. News, vol. 5, No.3. pp. 13-17. [J] vol. 7, No.2, PI>. 75-78. [Je] [P] [P] Skipjack catches correlated with water tempera­ Big-eyed tuna. skipja.:k, ~'ellowfin tuna; fishing con­ ture. ditions correlated with water temperature. 1939. On the characteristics of the frequenc~' curve ULREY, ALBERT B. for the catch of "katuo" Ellthynn·us vagatl-s (Lesson) 192fl. A check-list of the fishes of Southern Cnliforniu referred to the watel' temperature. Bull. Japanese and Lower California. Jour. Pan-Pacific Res. Inst.• Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 8, No.4, pp. 169-172. [Jel [P] vol. 4, No.4. p. 6. Skipjack catches correlated with water tempera­ AtlaJi-8 thaz(/rd.• Gel'll/o al.alunga., Kats"l/.wonus pela­ ture. mi-s, Neotllllt:l/tI-"IIS catf/linae, N.macropterl/s, Pant­ 1940a. The tim!' aud duration of angling and the catch thunnus sibi, Th·u1lll"lls sal·lens, T. thllmw.s: listed. of "katuo", EIlt1'·lI1lJlUS t'aga.ns (Lesson). Bull. Jap­ anese Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 9, No.3, pp. 103-106. ULREY. ALBERT B.. and PAUL O. GREELEY. [Je] [P] 1928. A list of the marine fishes (Teleostei) of southern Habits of E. vdga·".s. California with their elistribution. Bull. So. Cali­ 1940b. A note on the fisheries condition of "katuo" as a fornia Acael. Sci., vol. 27, pt. 1, p. 35. function of several ocennographic fnctors. Bull. Jap­ Aua:is t1l.azard, Gel'mo al(/lul1ga, Ka.ts/t·/!'OIWS anese Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 9. No.4, pp. 145--148. [Je] pelamis, Nt'ot1l.unmf.S mac.roptcr"llS, Parat1l.1I11nus [Pl siM, Tlumntls t1/·lInnus: synonymy; distribution; El/thY"/lIlIlS 1)apatl-S.· OCCUlTence of fish in relation English comlllon names. to oceanogrnphic factors. UNITED NATIONS. See FOOD AND AGRICULTlTRE ORGANIZA­ 1940c. On the recent anomalous hydrogl'aphical condi­ TION. tions of the Kuroshio in the south waters off Japan UNO, MICHIo. propel' in relation to the fisheries. Jour. Imp. Fish. i936a. Ger1l/0 yermo (Lacepede) in the waters east of Expt. Sta., No. 10, Paper No. 74. pp. 231-278. [Je] iNozima promontory, Tiba Prefecture (Prelim. Rpt. [P] Albacore, black tuna, skipjack: fishing conditions No.1 I. Bull. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish.• vol. 4. No.5. correlated with oceanographic factors. pp. 307-309. [Je] 1936b. Gcr11/o0 germo (LacepMe) in the waters east of 1941. The body-temperature amI the bodily features of "katuo" and "sanma". Bull. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish., Nozima promontory, TilJa Prefecture (Prelim. Rpt. vol. 9, No.6, pp. 231-236. [Je] [P] No. II). Bull. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 5, No.4, p. 235. [Je] [P] Body temperatures of skipjack cOlTelaJ;ed with Age analysis; length-weight data. water temperature; proportional body measure­ ments analyzed. VAN CLEAVE, HARJ.EY J. 1940. The Acanthocephala collected by the Allan Han­ UDA, M!cHITAKA, and EIMATSU TOKUNAGA. cock Pacific Expedition. 1934. A. Hancock Pacific 1937. Fishing of Genno perino (Lacl'l>ede) in relation Exped.. vol. 2, No. 15, p. 512. . to the hydrography in the North Pacific waters (Rpt. E·/tthllnuus aUetteratus and Kntsu·w01lll1·s velamis 1). Bull. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 5. No: 5, pp. listed as hosts. 295--300. [Je] [P] WAllE, CHARLES B. Fishing correlated with water temperature and salinity; composition of Japanese albacore stock. 1949. Notes on the Philippine frigate mackerels, family Thunnidae, Genus AlIJ'is. U. S. Fish and Wildlif~ UDA, MWHITAKA, and JIRO TSUKUSHI. Servo Fish. Bull.• vol. 51, No. 46. pp. 220-,,240. 1934. Local variations in the composition of various A/lJ'is tapeinosoma., A: t1l.azard: classification; de­ shoals of "katsuwo". E·II.t1l1y·mw.s t'aga118 (Lesson). in scription; . key; synonymy; distribution; morpho­ several sea districts of Japan. Bull. Japanese Soc. metric measurements: counts of meristic charac­ Sci. Fish., vol. 3, No.5, pp. 196-202.. [Je] tel's; figures; records, descriptions, and figures of Size composition of catch by al'eas; habits; popu­ juveniles. lation studies. WAITE, EDGAR R. UDA, l\!WHITAKA. and NOBUO WATANABE. 1907. A basic list of the fishes of New Zealand. Rec. 1938. Autumnal fishing of skipper and bonito influenced Canterbury Mus., vol. 1, No. I, p. 24. by the rapid hydrographic change after the pass of . Gymnos(/1'da pelamis: synonymy. cyclones. BuH. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish., vol. 6, No.5, 1921. Illustrated catalogue of the fishes of .South Aus­ pp. 240-242. [Je] [P] tralia. Rec. South Australian Mus., vol. 2, No.1, 11. Japan; indirect inflnenc~ of cyclones upon shift in 143. . fishing grounds discussed. ThtlJ/.lIl1S t1l.yllllus: listed; synonymy. 24 FISHERY BULLETTN OF. THE FISH AN!D' WILDLI,FE' SERVICE

"V.UTE, EDGAR R.-Continued WELSH, JAMES P. 1928.' A catalogue of the marine fishes pf South Aus­ 104{1. Range extension of the file fish HonoeaJlt1lus tralia. JonI'. Pau-Plldfic Res. Inst., vol. 3, No.1, lIlelmlOceplw.lus. Pacific Sci.. "01. 3. No. I, p. 100. P. S. Hawali ; specimens recovered from ElIthynnlt8 2'lwllnu8 maceo}"i: listed. yalto. WALFORD, LIONEL A. WHITEHEAD, S. S. Hl31. Handbook of common conunercial and game fishes 1929. Tuna season. Califol'llia Div. Fish and Game. of California. California Div. Fish and Game, Jj'ish l~ish Buil. No. 15, p. 48. Bull. No. ~S, pp. 74--77. Albacore, bluefin tuna, sldpjaek, yellowfin. tUlUl·: Gel'll/o '1 lalIIll{m, Kat8'I"IV01/1/.8 p61am;s, Neotl/./mnll8 distribution and seasonal occurrence. ma('roptenls, TI,IIJl1w·s thYllnus: classitication: Eng­ 1931. Fishing methods for the bluefin t.una (Tll-11·nllllll lish commou names; description; distribution; fll//IInIlS) and an anul~'sis of the catches. California figures; ke~'. Diy. Fish and GaDle, Fish Bull. No~ 33. 32 PP. H137. Marine game fishes of the Pacific Coast-Alaska Classification: distrihution; figure j migl'lltion: to the Equator. Univ. California Press, Berkeley, PP. spawning; cateh per unit of effort. 1-~O, 20-130. WHITLEY, GILBERT P. Euth/mwlIs UJI,I'a.tIlS. Genno aZnlllll(ln, J(ntsuWOnll8 1928. A ched:-list of the fishes of the Santa Cruz Archi­ pdam;s, N eothllllllUS 1IIa('/'opte1"us, Thun/l.lIs tMm­ pelago, Melanesia. Jour. Pan-Pacific Res. Inst., yol. 3. 1111S: deseription: distrilmtion: food: spawning; No.1, p. 1~. EIl~lish key; eommon names.;' tigUl'es. AU;I.";8 Neothtl1l1/.U8 ma.eropte.rIl8: listed. tll a..:a1"d: description :' distribution: English COIDmon 1937. The Middleton and Elizabeth Re~fs, South Pacific names: figure : key. Migration of G. a.lnlllll(la., K .. Oeean. Australian Zool.. vol. S, pt. 4, pp. 2~9-~31. IJcIHI/I;s and N. 1IIa(,1"OptC1"1I8; enemies of T. Own­ W(/}/(lere.r wallisi proposed as new genus and ·I/.US; N. mac1"opte.ru·s eompared with Allison's tuna. species; s~'non~'my; deseription; food: compared "TATANABE, HAJIlIIE. with E. ya-ito lind E. aUittemtlls. 103f!. Investigation of albacore. Prog. Rpt. Shizuoka 1947. New sharliS and fishes from Western Australia. . Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta. for If1,'l6-S8, pp. 22-23. [J] [P] Australian Zool.. vol. 11. pt. ~, pp. 1~9-150. Alhacore: mid-Pacific: stomach contents; sexual EIIt1I:II'/I/1us a.ll.efe1·atus, KatsUll'OnU8 pel(/.mIs, Kishi­ maturit~·; botly proportions of males and females nodla. tOll-(l(lol. Neot1uw1/uS macl'olJter/l." Thllll-nus compared; morphometric data; probable spuwning maccolli: recorcled: Australian common names. season, area, number of eggs. YABE. HIROSHI, and TOKUlIH MoRt. WATANABE, HARUO. 1948. Report of l;!ldpjadi inYE>stigations for 1947. Cent. 1940. Fishing cOllllitions south of the Marshull Islands. Fish. Expt. St.'1. Rpt., No. 30. [P] South Sea Fish.. yol. 6, No.4, p. 2'2. [J] [P] R~'uliYu Islunds: length-weight datu j stomach con­ Big-eyed tuna, yellowfin tuna: length-weight data. tents: cate!t correlated with water temperatm'e; 'VATANARE, N. size CODll)osition of commercial catch: age anal­ HI.,!1. Measurements on the bodily densit.y, body temper­ ~'sis; spawning seasOli ; l11aturation of gonads: esti­ ature and swinllning-velocit~' of "katsuwo", Euthun­ mated number of eggs: past. reeords of juveniles n"//8 t'agtlJl8 :(Lesson). Bull. Japunese Soc. Sci. captured in R~'ukyu writers. Fish.. vol. 11, No.4, pp. 146-148. [Je] YAMAMOTO, SHOKICIH. WEnER, MAX. 1940. Views on increasing thl) commercial value of dried lrtl3. Die Fisehe del" Siboga-Expedition. P. 401. fish sticks from the South Seas. South Sea Fish., Leiden. vol. 3, No. 11, pp. 21-3.''i..[J] [P] . 1'hll/l/l"//8 t1l"//1/.II-;lI-a: Indo-Australian Archipelago; Skipjucli: Japan, FOl'lllosa, South Seas: propor­ s~'nonymy: recorded. tio'nal weights of various body parts compared. ABBREVIATIONS USED

A. Hancock Pacific Exped.-Allan Hancock Pacific Ex­ California Div. Fish and Game. Fish Bull.-California peditiolls. Los Angeles. Division of Fish and Game.. Fish Bulletin. Sacramento. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila .. Monogr.-Academy 0:( Natural Cent. Fish. Expt. Sta. Rpt.-Centrnl Fisheries Experiment Sciences of Philadl'lphia, Monographs. Philadelphia. Station ~ei)l)rts.. [Suisan Shil.enjo Chijsa Hi)lwlm.] Act Soc. Sci. Illd•.•-Neerlandicae-Acta Societatis Scien­ Tok~'o. tarium Indo-Neo:-rlamlicae. Batavia. Com. Fish. Rev.-Commercial Fisheries Review. Fish Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist.-The Annals and Magazine of amI Wildlife Sel·vice. United States Department of the Natural History. London. Intel·ior. Washington. Ann. New· Yorl. Acad. Sci.-'-Annals of the New York Copeia-Copeia. New York. . Academy of Sciences. New York. Council Sci. and Ill(lust. Res., Australia, PIt1~phlet-Coun­ Ann. Rpt. Laguna Mat·. Lab.-Annual Report of the cil for Scientific and Industrial Resenreh. Comlllon­ Laguna Marine Laboratory. Claremont, California. wealth of Australia. Pamphlet. Melbourne. Annot. Zool. Jap.-Annotq.tiones Zoological' Japonenses. Tol,yo. Dept. Fish., New South Wales-Department of Fisheries, Arch. Neerlandaises Sci. Nat.-Archives Nei\>rlandnises New South Wales. Sydney. des Sciences Exactes et NatUl·elles. Haarlem. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Sel·.-Field Museum of Natural Australian Zool.-The Australian Zoologi!'lt. Sydney. History. Zoological Series. Chicago. Fish. Div.• FAO, UN.-Fisheries Division. '1'he Food an,l Bernice P. Bishol> :Mns. Occas. Papers-Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum. Occasional Papers. Honolulu. Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Wtlsh_ ington. Biblio. Nederlandsch Inclische Nat. Vel·.-Bibliotheel. van Fish. Invest. (Suppl. Rpt.). Imp. Fish. Expt. Sta.-Fisller~' de Nederlandsch Imlische Natuurhistorische Vereenig­ Investigation I. Supplementary Report). Imperial Fish­ ing. Batavia. Tok~'o. BioI. Bull. St. John's Univ.-Biological Bulletin' of St. eries Experiment Station. John's University. Shanglllli. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada, BulL-Fisheries Research B')ard of Bull. American Mus. Nat. Hist.-Bulletin of the American Canada, Bulletin. Vancouver. ·Fish. Technol. Lect. Series-Fisheries Technology Lecture Museum of Natural Histor~", New York. Series. [Suisan Seizo Kogaku KGzll.] Tok~'o. Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus.-Bulletin.. Bemice Pauah~, Bishop Museum. Honolnlu. . Formosa Fish..Mag.-Formosa Fisheries Magazine. ['fai­ Bull. Biogeog. Soc. Japan-Bulletin of the Biogeographical wan Suisan Zasshi.] Taihoku. Society of Jnpan. Tol,yo. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta. Publ.----'Fol'lnosa Gov­ Bull. U. S. Bnr. Fish.-Bnlletin of the. Bureau of Fish­ ernment-General Fisheries Experiment Station. Publi­ eries. United States Department of Commerce and cations. [Taiwan Sotokufu Suisan Shikenjo Slmpp:lll.] Labor. Washington. Kiirun. Bull. Japnnese Soc. Sci. Fish.-Bulletin of ·the Japanese Ichth. Contrih. Internatl. Game Fish Assoc.-Ichthyologi­ Society of Scientific Fisheries; Tokyo. cal Contributions of the International Game Fish A!;so­ Bull. Pacific Sci. Fish. Inst.-Bulletins of the Pacific ciation. New YOl·k. Scientific Fisheries Institute. Vladivostok. Bnll. Pacific Sci. Infit. Fish. and Oceanogr.-Bnlletin of Japanese Jour. Zool.-Japanese Journal of Zoo1l:ig~·. the Pacific Scientific Institnte of Fisheries amI Ocean­ Tokyo. ography. Vladh-ostok. Jour. A<:,ad: Nat. Sci. Phila.-Journal rof the Academy Ilf Bull. SCl1pps Ilist.-Bnlletin. Scripps Institution for Natmal Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia; Biological Research. ·Berkeley. . Jour. Asiatic Soc. Bengal-Journal of the Asiatic Societ~' Bull. So: Calif. Acad. Sci.-Billletin of the Southern Cali­ of Bengal. Calcutt:t.· fornia Academy of Sciences. Los Angeles. Jour..Biol. Chem.-Journal of Biological Chemistry. New Bull. U. S. Fish Comm.-Bnlletin of the United States York. Fish Commission. Washington. Jour. ColI. Agr., Imp. Univ. Tokyo-Journal of the Coller~e Bur. Fish., Min. Agr. and For., Japanese Imp. Govt.­ of Agriculture. Imperial Universit~' of Tok~'o. Tok~-o. Bureau of Fisheries. Ministry of Agriculture an,l For­ Jour. ColI. Sci., Imp. UniY. Tol,yo--Journal of the College estry. Japanese Imperial Government. [Suisankyoku. of Science. Imp€'rinl Univ:ersity of Tol,~'o. Tok~·o. Norinsho. Dai Nippon Teikoku Seifu.] Tokyo. Jour. Council Sci. and Indust. Res., Australia-Journal l)f . the Council for Scientific and Industrial Rese:U'ch. California Drv.. Fish and Game, Bur. :Mar. Fish.-Cali­ Commonwealth of Australia. Melbourne. fornia Division of Fish and Game, Bureau of Marine Jour. Fac. Sci., Imp. UniY. Tol,y,)-Jourual of the Faculty Fisheries. San Francisco. of Science. Imperial University of Tokyo. Tokyo. 25 26 FISHERY BULLE'I'IN OF THE, FISH AND' WILD·LI;FE SKRVlCE'

Jour. Imp. Fish. Bur. Tokyo--Journal of the Imperial Prog. Rpt. Chibn Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.-Progress Reports Fisheries Bureau. Tokyo. of the Chibn PrefectUl'ul Fisheries Experiment Station.. Jour. Imp. Fish. Expt. Sta.-Journal of the Imperial Fish­ rChiba-ken Suisun Shikenjo Jigyi'". Hokoku.] Tnteyama. eries Experiment Station. Tokyo. Prog. ·Rpt. Chibu Pref. Fish. Expt. Sbl., Katsuura Br.­ Jour. Mus. Godeffro~'-Journal des Mm.eulll Godeffroy. Progress· Repolts of the Chiba Prefectural Fisheries Hamburg. Experiment Station, Katsuurn BrlllH:h. [ChUm-ken Jour. Pan-Pacific Res. Inst.-Jonrnal of the Pan-Padfic Suisan Shikenji'i Katsuurll Bunji'i Jigyo Hi'ikoku.] Research Institution. Honolulu. Katsunra. Prog. Rpt. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta.-Progress Mem. Bernice P. Bishop Mus.-Memoirs of 'the Bernice Reports of the Formosa Government-General Fisheries Pauahi Bishop Museum. Honolulu. Experiment Station [Taiwan Sotolmfu Suisan Shi­ Mem. California Acad. Sci.-Memoirs of the California kenji'i; Jig~'i'"1 Hokoku; Sbiken Hokoku; Suisan Sbiken, Academy of Sciences. San Francisco. H,'iliolm.] Kiirun. Mem. Carnegie Mns.-Memoirs of the Carnegie Mu~enm. Prog. Rpt. Hold,aidi'i Fish. Expt. Sta.-Progress Reports Pittsburgh. . . of the Hokkaidi'i Fisheries Exp('riment Station. [Bok­ Mid-Pacific Mag.-Mid-Pacific Magazine. H011olulu. kaido Suisan Shikenjo Suisan Chi'isa Hl~,koku.] Yoichi. l\fiyagi Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.-Miyagi Prefoctural Fish­ Prog. Rpt. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.-Progress eries Experiulent Statio11. [l\fiyagi-ken Suisan Shi­ Reports of the Kagoshima Prefectural Fisheries Experi­ .kenjo. Wntanoha. ment Station. [Kagoshima-ken Suisan Shikenji'i Jigyi'i lWkoku.] Kagoshima. Nat. Geneesk. Arch. Neerland's Ino:lie-Natuur en Genee­ Prog. Rpt. Kochi Pref. Fish. Expt. Stn.-Progress RRports skundig Archief yoor NeerJand's-Indie. Batavin. . of the Kochi Prefectural Fisheries Experiment Station. Nat. Tijdschr. Nederlanl1sch-Indie-Natunrkundig Tijd- [Kochi-ken Suisan Shikenjo Jigyo Hi'ikoku.] Susald. ~chrift voor Nellerlamlsch-Imlie..Batavia. . Prog. Rpt. Kumamoto Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.-Progl'ess· Nederlandsch Tijaschr. Dierk.-Nederlandsch Tijdschrift Reports of the Kumnmoto Preft'ctnral Fisheries Experi­ voor de Dierkunde. Amsterdam. ment Station. [Kumamoto-ken Suisan Shiken~i'i Jigyo New Zenlnnd Jour. Sci. Technol.-New Zealand Journal Hi'\koku.] Kumnmoto. of Science and Techl19logy. Wellington. Prog. Rpt. Mil" Pref. Fish. Expt. Stn.-Progress Reports New Zealand Mar. Dept. Fish. Bull.-New Zenlnnd Marine of the Mie Prefecturnl Fisheries Experiment Station. Depal·tment Fisheries Bulletin. Wellington. [l\lie-ken Suisan Shikenjo Jigyi'"' Hi'ikoku.] Tsu. Nissun Fish. Res. 8ta. Odawara-Nissan Fisheries Re­ Prog. Rpt. Nagasaki Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.-Progress Re­ search Station. [Nissan Suisan Kenkyii.ji'\.] Odnwara. ports of the Nagnsaki Pr('fectural Fisheries Experiment Note Servo Oceanogr. Peches Indochine-Notes. Service Station. [Nagnsnki-ken Suisan Shikenji'i Jigyi'i Ho­ Oceanographique des Peches de l"lndochine. Station koku.] Nngasaki. Maritime de Cauda. Saigon. Prog. Rpt. Oita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.-Progress Reports of the Oita Prefectural Fisheries Experiment Station. Occas.. Pap. California Acad. Sci.-occasional Papers of [Oitll-ken Suisan Silikenjo Gyomu HoliOku.] Oita. the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco. Prog. Rpt. Okiuawa Pref. Fish. ExpLSta.-Progress Re­ Ocean. Fish.-Oceanic Fisheries. [Kaiyo Gyogyi).] Tokyo. ports of the OkinHwa Prefectural Fisheries Experiment Stntion. [Okinawa-lien Suisan Sllikenji'i: Jigyi'i Hi'i­ Pacific BioI. Sta., Fish. Res. Bd. Cannda, Circ.-Pacific koku; Seiseki; Seiseki Gaiyo.] Naha.· BiologicaJ Stations, Fisheries Research Board of Can­ Prog. Rpt. Pacific Coast Sta., Fish. Res. Bd. Canndn-Re­ ada. Vnncouver. ports of the Pacific Coast Stations, Fisheries Research Pacific Sci.-Pacific Science. Honolulu. Board of Canada. Vancouver. Palao Trop. BioI. Sta. Studies----:-Palao Tropical Biological Prog. Rpt. Shizuoka Pref. Fish. Expt. Stn.-Progress. Re­ Station Studies." ~.L'okyo. ]lorts of the Shizoulm Prefectural Fisheries Experiment Philippine Jour. Sci.-Philippine Joul'llaI of Science. Station. [Shizuolm-ke11 Suisan Shikenji'i Jigyo H.)­ Manila. liOku.] Shimizu. Proc. Acad. Nnt. Sci. Phila.-Proceedings of the Academy Prog. Rpt. South Sens Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta.-Prog­ of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia. ress Reports of the South Seas Government-General Proc. California Acad. Sci.-ProceediIigs of the California F'isheries Experiment Station. [Nan~'o-cho Suisan Acnderuy of Sciences. San Francisco. Shikenjo JigN Hokoku.] Palau. Proc. Sci. Fish. Assoc.-Proceedings of the Scient.ific Fish­ Pn1g. Rpt. Taihoku Proy. Fish. Expt. Sta.-Progress Re- . eries Association. Tokyo. ports of the 'l'aihoku Province Fisheries Experiment Proc. Sixth Padfic Sd. Cong.-Proceedings of the Sixth Station. [Taihoku-shu Suisan Shikenji'i GYI)mu Ho­ Pacific Science Congress. Berkeley and Los Angeles. koku.] Taiholm. Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus.-Proceedings of the United States Prog. Rpt. Takao Provo Fish. Expt. Sta.-Progress Reports , National Museum. Washington. of the Talmo Province Fisheries Experiment Stntion. Proc. Zool. Acclim. Soc. Victoria-Proceedings of the [Talmo-shu Suisan Shil;:e11 Chi'isa Hokoku.] Takao. Zoological and Acclimation Society 'of Victoria. Vic­ Publ. Field Mus. Nnt. Hist.-Publieations. Field Museum toria. of Natural History.' Chicago. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACiFIC TUNAS! 27

Rec. Canterbury Museum-Records of the Cautel'IJll.rr Mu­ Trans. New Zealand Inst.-Transactions am! Proceedings semll. Christchurch. of the Ne,,' Zealand Institute. Wellington. Rec. Oceanogr. \Vor}cs-ReclH·tls of Oceanogrnphi.., \Vorks Trans. Roy. Soc. New Zealand-Transactions and Proceed. in Japan. Tok~'o. ings of tbe Royal Society of New Zealand. Dunedin. Rec. So. Australian Mus.-Records of the South Australian Trans. Thirteenth No. Amer. Wildlife Conf.-Trnnsactions Museum. Adelaide. . of tbe Tbirteenth North American Wildlife Conference. Rpt. British Assoc. Adv. Sci.-Report of the British As­ Washington. sociation for the Advancement of Science. London. Trav. Inst. Oceanogr. Indochine-,.Trnmux de l'Institut Rpt. U. S. Fish COlUm.-Report of the Commissioner. Oceanographique de l'Indochine. Saigon. United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Treubia-Treubia. Buitenzorg. Wasbington. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Serv.; Circ.-United States Depart­ SCAP Nat. Resources Sec. Rpt.-Supreme Commander for ment of the Intel'ior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Circl1­ the Allied Powers. General Headquarters. Natural lar. Washington. Resources Section. Reports. Tokyo. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Servo Fish. Bull.-United States Sci. Sea-Science of the Sea. [Kaiyo no Kagaku.] Department of the Interior. Fishel'y Bulletin of the Sea and Sky-Sea and Sky. [Umi to Sora.] Kobe. Fish and Wildlife Service.. WaShington. Semi-Ann. Rpt. Oceanogl·. Im"est.-Semi-Annual Report U. S. Fish and Wildlife Serv.. Fish. Leaf.-United States of Oceanogrllilhicni Im"estlgntions. Tokyo. Department of the Intel'iol·. l!~ish and Wildlife Service, Smithsn. Misc. Collcct.-Smithsonian Misccllllneous Col­ Fishery Leafiet. Wasllington, . lections. Washington. U. S. Natl. Mus. Bull.-Unitell States National Museum. Soc. Prolll. Ocean. Fish.-Society fOl' the Promotion of Bl1lletin. Washington. Oceanic Fisheries. [Kairij GyogY(1 Kyokai.] Tokyo. Univ. California Publ. Zool.-Univel·sity of California South Sea Fish.-South Sea Fisheries. [Nanyo Suisan.] Publications in Zoology. Berkeley. Tokyo. Verh. Batavia Genoot. Kunst. WeteuB.-Verhandelingen South Sea E:ish. News-South Sea Fisheries News. van het Bataviansch Genootschap van Kunsten en [NanyiJ Suisan JohO.] Palau. Wetenschappen. Batavia. SOl1th Sell ScL-South Sea Science. [Kagaku Nanyo.] Palau. Versl. Akad. Amsterdalll-Versiagen van de Gewone Stanford Icbth. Bnll.-Stnnford Ichth~'ological Bulletin. Vergaderingen del' Wis en Natnurkundige Afcleeling. Stanfol'd. Koninklijke Academie van Wetenscbappen. Amsterdam. Stanford Univ. Publ., Univ. Ser., BioI. Sci.-Stanford Vidensk. Selskr. Skr.-Kongelige Dllnslce Videnskllbernes Uni,-ersity Publications, University Series, Biological Selskab. Co))enhagen. Scienees. Stnnford. . Woods Hole Oceanogr. Inst. Tech. Rpt.-Woods Hole Tec]l. Educ. Ser. Technol. Mus.• S~'dney-Technical Edu­ Oceanographic Institution. Technical Report. Woods cation Series. Tecbnological Museum. Sydne~'. Hole. Text Fish.-~'he Text of the Fishery. Tokyo. Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa-Transactions of tbe Zool. Mng.-Zoological Mngazine. [Doblltsugaku ZasshL] Nntnral HisUII'~' Societ~' of Formosa. [Taiwan Haku­ Tokyo. butsu Gllkkai KaihO.] Taiboku. Zool. Meded.-Zoologische Medecleelingen. Leiden. INDEX BY SUBJECTS

Age Anatomy--Continued Ailmwa.1937. External and internal-Continued Aikawa amI Kato, 1938. Kishinouye, 1915a, 1915b, 1917a, 1918, 1921, 1923. Ball, 1941. Nakamura, 1949. BrocI" 194:3. Roedel, 1948b. Higilshi, 1941b. Schaefer and Marr, 1948b. Ikebe, 1939, 1940a, 1940b, 1940c, 1941a, 1941b. Serventy, 1942b, 1948. Kanainura and YU7.nki, 1940a, 194Ob. Takahashi, 1924. Kimura, 1935, 1941, llH2a. Figured Okamoto, 1940. . Godsil and Byers, 1944. Schaefer, 1948b. . Higashi, 1941a, 1941c. Tauchi, 1940a, 1940b, 1940c. Kishinouye, 1915b, 19190., 1923. Uno, 1936b. Ma tsui, 1942b.. Yabe and Mori, 1948. Migita and Arakawa, 1948. Albacore. See ThU1l11l18 067''/11.0. Nalmmura, 1938. Allison's tuna. See Neolh,tnnu.8 aU·isoni. Serventy, 1941, 1942b, 1948; Allolhtlnnu8 fallai Suyehiro, 1942. Anatomy Reproductive system Serventy, 1948. Bennett, 1840". Classification Matsui, 1942b. Frasel'-Brunner, 1950. iNakamul"ll, 1938. Serventy, 1948. Nakamura Res, Staff, 1949. . Compared with Katsuwonidae Okinawa Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1931. Sel'Venty, 1948. Astronomical phenomena correlated with tUshing Description . Kawana. 1934. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Takao Provo Fish. Expt. Sta., 1927. Serventy, 1948. .d!ulDis Distribution Anatomy Frasel'-Brunner, 1950. Kishinouye, 1915b, 1919a. Serventy, 1948. As food of tunas Figured Asano, 1939. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Chemical analysis Serventy, 1948. Okuda, 1918. Keys Common names Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Tominaga, 1943. Measurement data Description . Serventy, 1948. Tominaga, 1943. Synonymy Distribution Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Schaefer, 1948c. Anatomy Tominaga, 1943. Ail' bladder Food Fish,1948. Tominagn, 1943. Kishinouye. 1922a. And evolution Habits Kishinouye, 1919a. Tominaga, ~943. Brain HOl"lllOnes Matsui, 1942a. Migita·and Arakawq, 1948. Migita and Arakawa, 1948. Reproduction Digestive s~'stem Schaefer, 1948c. SU~'ehiro, 1936. HI3S, 1941, 1942. Young External mid internal Kishlnouye, 1926. Berg, 1947. Schaefer, 1948c. Eckles, 1949b. A1tIDis 1Iim Godsil and Byers, 1944­ Anatomy Imamura, 1949. Kishinouye, 1915a, 1923. 28 BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC ~UNAS 29

..4.l/llJis hiro-Continued A'/IllJis marIt-Continued Classification Description Kishinouye, ~915a, 1923. Imamura, 1949. Nakamura, 1939b. Kisbinouye, 1915a, 1923. Okada and l\:I~tsuba.l'a. 1938. Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Distribution T:tranetz, 1937. Fujita and Wakiya, ]915. Common names Imamura, 1949. Fujita and Wakiyn, 1915. Kisbinouye, H1l5a, 192a. Kishinouye, 1915a, U123. Soldatov and Lindberg. 1930. Naknlllura, 1939b. Taranetz, 1937. Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Figured. Shapiro, 1948b. Kishinol1ye, 1915a, 1923. Description Fo.od Imamura, 1949. Kishinouye, 1923. JOl'dan and Hubbs, 1925. Habits Kisbinou~'e, 1915a, 1923. Imamura, 1949. Okada and'l\:Iatsubnra, 1938. Kisbinouye, 1923. Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Keys Distribution Kishinou3'e, 1915a; 1923. Fujita lUld Waki~'a, 1915. Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Imamura, 1949. Turanetz, 1937. Jordan and Hubbs, 1925. Reproduction . Kisbinouye, 1915a, 1923. Kisbinouye, 1915a. Okada and Matsubal'l1, 1938. Synonymy Shapiro·, 1945b. Kisbinou3'e, 1923. Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Nakamura, 1939b. Tanaka, 1931. Soldatov and Lill(lherg, 1930. T:lranetz, 1937. Young as food of.tunas Kishinouye, 1917b, 1923, 1924. Figured Attlri8 m1ll8ayi Kishinou~'e, 1915a, 1923. Distribution Food McCulloch, 1922. Kishinouye, 1923. Ke~'s Habits· McCulloch, 1922. Imamura, 1949. Synonymy Kishinouye, 1923. McCulloch, 1922. Keys A1ucis l'ochei Kishinouye, 1915a. 1923. Description Okada al\(l Matsl1hara. 1938. GUnther, 1860. SoIdatov and Lillllhel'g, 1930. Distribution Tarunetz, 1937. Clm,1931. Synonymy Giinther, 1860. Kisbinou~'e, 1923. Synonymy Nakamura, 1939b. Chu,1931. Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Giinthel', 1860. Tanaka, 1931. AUlr.is fap6in.osoma. Classification AI/Iris moru Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Anatomy Wade. 1949. Kisbinouye, 1915a, 1923. Common names Classification Jordan and Hubhs. 1925. Kishinou~'e, 19ma. 1923. JOl'dnn and Snyder, 1901. Nalmmura, 1939b. Okad~ and Matsubara. 1938. SoJdatov and Lindberg, 1930. Shapiro, 1945b. Taranetz, 1937. Compared with ..luxis t1IYllnoides Common names Bleelter, 1855. Fujita and Wakiya. 1915.. Description Kishinol1ye, Ui15a, 1923. Bleeker. 1854. Nakamura, 1939b. Giinther, 1860. 30 FISHE'R'Y BULLE'I'IN O

"11/:11is tapeino8oma-Continued A umis th(/::(/ rll~Continued Description-Continu€'d Description-Continued Jordan and Hubbs. 1!l25. Jordan and Ev€'rmann, 1905. Olmda and Matsubara, 1938·. Meel;: and Hildebrand. 1023. Wade, 1949. Schaefer and Marl', 1948b. Distribution Sen-enty, 1941. BIeel;:er. 1854. 1857. Tinker, 1944. Giinther, 1860. Wade, 1949. J·ordan and Hubbs. 1925. Walford, 1937. Jordan :md Snydel', 1001. Distribution Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Barnhart, 1936. Ree\'es, 1928- Domanta~', 1940. Shapiro, 1(48)" FAO,1949. Wade, 1949. Fish,1948. . Figur€,d Fowler, 1928, 1938, 1944, 1949. Wade, 1949. Fraser-Brunner. 1950. Keys Grnhnm, 1938. Olmda and Matsubara, 1938. HeIT€" 1940. Wade, 1949. Jenkins, 1903. :Measurement data . Jordan amI Evermann, 1896, 1905. Wade, 1949. Jordan amI Jordan, 1922. . Meristic characters Jordan and M€'tz, 1913. Wade, 1949. Jordan and Seale, 1906. Synonymy . Jordan and Snyder. 1900. Giinther, 1860. JOl·dan. Tanaka, and Snyder, 1913. ,Jol'dan and HUbbs, 1925. Lord,1927. Wade, 1949. McCulloch. 1922. Young Meek and Hildebrand, 1923. Wade, 1949. 1\:[01'i, .1928. .Auxis tuso Reev€'s, 1928. Compared with AI/xis thJ/n-noir'les Schaefer nnd Man. 1948b. BIeek€'r, 185ii. S€'rventy, 1941. Description Soldatov, 1929. . CuvIer and Valenciennes. 1831. Stead, 1908. Distribution 1.'llOllIpson und Higgins, 1919. Bleeker, 1845, 1850, 1878; Tinker, 1044. Ulrey, 1929. .AI/xis thazlwd Ulr€'~' Anatomy alHI Gre€'ley, 1928. Schaefer and Marl', 1948b. Wade, 1949. Walford, 1937. As food of tunas Marukawa, 1939. Figured Barnhal·t, 1036. Classification. Domantay, 1940. Fraser-Brunn€'l', 1950. Fraser-Brullner, 1950. C.oml11on names Jordan and Everllllllin. 1905. Bal'llhart, 1936. Jordan, 1.'annka, and Sn~·der. 19~3. FAO,1949.. McCulloch, 1922. Fish,1948. Schaef€'r and Marl', 1948b. Herre and TImali, 1948. Serventy, 1941. Jordan and Enc-rlllann, 1896. Tinker, 1944. Jordan and Metz, 19Ut Wade, 1949. Jordan. Tanaka, and Snyder. 1913. Ser\"'enty, 1941. Walford, 1937. Tinker, 1944. Keys Uh'ey and Greeley, 1928. Brock,1949. Walford, 1937. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Description McCulloch, 1922. . Bal'l1hart, 1936. Me€'k t1nd Hildebrand, 1923• Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1881. Ser,,€'nty, 1941. Fowler, 1928, 1938. Wade, 1949. Fras€'r-Brunner, 1950. Walford, 1937. . 31

"tu:r.is t1l.a·,:-(/·/·d-Continuea' Body telullernture-Continned Measurement data Nnlmn1l1rll, H141. Wade. 1949. (Iita Pref. Fish. l<:xpt.. Stll., 1927a, 1930. Meristic charllcters Scagel. 1949. Schaefer and Marr, 1l)4~b. Uda, 1941. Wade, 1949. Watanabe. N., 1941. S~'nonymy Bonito. See K"tSII./t'OI1lIS pc/milts. FAO.1949. l!'owler, 1928, 1938. 1!144, 1949. Catch per uuit of effort Fraser-Brunner, 1950. F:ormosa Govt.--Gen. Fish. Exrot. Sta.• 1933a. Jenkins, 1903. . Hil'llt,;uka and Imaizumi, 1934. Jordan and Everulllnn. 1890. 1905. Hil'lltsulm and Ito, 1934. Jordan, Tannlm, and SIl~'del', 1913. Imaizumi, 1937. McCulloch, 1922. Jllp:mese Bur. Fish., 1939. 1940. Meek and Hildebl'l\nd, 1923. KanlllnUl'll ami Iniaizuilli. 193:'1. Ulrey and GreeleY, U128. Kanmnura and Ymmki, 1940:1, 1940b. Wade, 1949. Nnkamura, 1949. Young Okmua, Imllizumi, and Maki, 1935. Schaefer and Marl', 1948b. Serventy. Hl47. Wade, 1949. Whitehead, 1931. Young as fond of tUlUIS Characters, meristic. See M:ol'phowetries, Marukawa, 1939. Chemieal anal~'sis A111I1guris Miyauehi, 1915. Bleel,e1', 18;'5. Okuda, 1918. Description ShimiZU, 1947. Bleel,er, 18;'5. Soc. Prom. Oee:m. Fish., 1936. Distribution Tomi~'ama. 1933. Bleekel', 1855, 1863, 1.865a. . Classifieation .thl

Currents. See also Oceanographic conditions. Distribution-Continued Correlated with fishing Jor!lan and Metz, HilS. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. F.X[)t. Stll., 1930, 1931, 1032, Jordan and Seale, 1906. 1933b, 1934. Jordan and Snyder, 1900, 1901. Ikebe, 1940<1. JOl'dan and Starks, 1907. Iminami. 1940b, 1940c, 1941. Jordan, Tanaka, and Sn~'der, 1913. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.• 1927b, 19:::!8a. Kanamura and Imaizumi, 1935. South Seas Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. ·Sta., 1942, 1943b. Kanamura and Yazaki, 1940a, 1940b. Kimura, 1941, 1942b. D~stribution Kishinouye, 1915a, 1919c, 1922c, 1923. Abe, 1039. Kochi Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., l!:l23b, 1924. Anonymous, 1938. 1941. Kumata et a1.;1941. Barnhart, 1936. Lesson. 1830. Bleeker, 1844. 1845. 1850. 1852, 1854. 1855. 1856, 1857, Lord,1927. 1800a, 1860b, 1861a, 1861b, ·1862, 1863, 1865a, 1865b, IHacleay, 1881. 1878.1879. . Martin, 1938. Brock, 1938, 1939. Matsubara, 1943. Cnntor, 1850. McCulloch," 1922. Chabanaud, 1926. Meek and Hildebrand, 1923. Chapman, 1046. l\Ietz, 1912. Chevey, 19320., 1932b. Mori, 1928. Chu, 1931. Nakamura, 1938, 1939b, 1943, 1949. Clemens and Wilby, 1946. Nichols and Murphy, 1922, 1944. Cooper, 1863. Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Cowan, 1938. Okinawa Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.. 1943. Cuvier and Valenciennes. 1831. Okuma, Imaizl1mi, lind Maki. 1935. Delsman and H;ardenburg, 1934 Phillipps, 1927a. 1927b. Domantay, 1940. Phillipps and Hodgkinson, 1922. Eckles. 1949a, 1949b. Powell, 1937. Eigenmann, 1892. ~eeves, 1928. Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1890. 1891. Richardson, 1846. E,'ermann and Seale, 1907. Roedel. 1948a, 1948b. FAO,1949. Roughly, 1916. Fish,1948. Samson,; 1940. 'Fowler, 1904a, 1923a. 1923b, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1931, 1934, Schaefer, 1948c. 1938, 1944, 1949. Schmidt, 1930. Fowler and Ball. 1925. Schmitt and Schultz, 1940. Fras,er-Brunner, 1040, 1950 Schultz, 1949. Fujita and Wakiya, 1015. Schultz and DeLacy, 1936. Gilbert and Starks, 1904. Seale, 1940. Godsil and Greenhood, 1948. .Serventy, 1941. 1942a. 1942b, 1947, 1948. Graham, 1938. Shapiro, 1948a, 1948b. Griffin. 1927. Smith an'd Schaefer, 1949. Gunther, 1860. 1876. Snyder, 1904. Hasegawa, 1937. Soldatov, 1929. Herre, 1932. 1933, 1935, 1936. 1940. Soldatov and Lindberg. 1930. Hildebrand, 1946. . South Seas Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1937a, 1937b, Hirntsuka and Imai:mmi, 1934. 1941a. Himtsuka and Ito, 1934. Starks, 1918. Holder, 1912. Starks and Morris, 1907. Hubbs, 1916. 1928 Stead, 1006, 190$. Imllizumi, 1937. Takao Provo Fish. E:s:pt. Sta., 1927. Imamura, 1949. Tannka, 1912, 1931. Japanese Bur. Fish., 1934, 1939, 1940. Taranetz,.1937. Jenkins, 1003. Thompson and Higgins, 1919. Jordan, 1885. Tinker, 1944. Jordau and Evcrmann, 1896, 11)05.. 1926a, 1926b. Tirant, 1929. Jordan and Gilbert. 1881a, 1882. Tominaga, 1943. Jordan and iiubbs, 1925. Tubb,1948. Jurdan and Jordan, 1922. Ulrey, 1929. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS 33

Distrihution-Continued EutMmlll/s al.letteratus-Continued Ulrey lind Greeley. 1928. Description Wade, 1!l49. Boeseman, 1947. Waite, 1907. 1921. 1028. Cantor, 1850. Walford, 1931, 1937. Delsman and Hnrdenburg, 1934. Weber. 1913. Fowler, 19Mb. 1!l28. Whitehead, 1929, 1931. GUnther, 1860, 1876. Whitley. 1928,1937, 1947. Hildebrand, 1946. Distl'ibution correlated with water temperaturE Jordan and Eyerlllunn, 1905. Talmyallla and Ando, 1934. _ Macleay, 1881. . Takayama, Ideda, and Ando. 1934. Meek and Hildebrand, 1923. . Uda, 1035a, 1935b, 1936, 1940b. Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Sel'venty, 1941. Eggs Tinker, 1944. De.Jong, 1940. Distribution Delsman, 1!l31. Bleel;:er, 1852. 1860a, 1860b, 1861a, 1861b, 1862, 1865a, Delsman 3.11(1 Hardenburg, 1934. 1865b. Hatai et aI., 1941. Cantor, 1850. Marl', 1948. Chabanaud, 1926. Nakmnura. 1938. 1949. Chapman. 1946. Nakamul'U Res. Staff, 1949. Delsman and Hardenburg, 1934. Watanabe, H .• 1039. FAO.1949. Yabe and l\{ori, 1948. Fowler. 1928, 1931, 193"8, 1944. Enemies Fowler and Ball, 1925, Bennett, 1840. GUnther, 1800, 1876. Imamura. 1049. Herre, 1932, 1940. Kishinouye. 1923. Hildebrand, 1946. Tinl{er, 1944. Jenkins. 1903. Walfol'd, 1937. J01'(lan and Evermann, 1905. Jordan and .Jordan. 1922. E"Utl/.1lmw8 JOl'dan ancI' Seale, 1906. Common names Jordan and SnYder, 1901. Fish. 1948. Jordan, Tanal;:n, anel Snyder, 1915: Distribution Macleay, 1881. Fish. 1948. McCUlloch, 1922. Eut1wml"U8 ulleterata. See E"Ut111Inmls a1lettera·tf/s. Meek and Hildebrand, 1923. E·llthyn-n.tl8 aZZetemtus. See Eut1l-yn'/Ills alletterat1/8. Olmda and Matsubara, 1938. Richardson, 1846. E·utMmn.'ll8 aZZetteratu8 Schmidt, 1930. Classification Schmitt and Schultz, 1940. Hildebrand, 1946. Seryenty. 1941. Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Stead, 1908. Common names Tanaka, 1931. Delsmall and Hardenburg, 1934. Tinkel'. 1944. FAO, 1940. Timnt, 1929. Jordan and.E\'erm:llln, 1905. Weber, 1913. Jordan and Jordan, 1922. Whitley, 1947. Jordan and Snyder, 1901. Eggs Jordan, Tanaka. and Sn3'del', 1913. DeJong, 1940. Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Delsmali, 1931. Serventy, 1941. DE-Isman and Hardenburg, 1934. Tinker, 1944. Figured Whitley, 1947. Delsman and Hardenbm'g, 1934. Compared with E/lthllnllf/8 lineat"U

E·ufhymllt8 alldtcmtus-Continued EuthJll1-1w.~ Ullcntus-Continued Food Description-Continued HildelJrUlld, l!l46. Schmitt 'and Sclll1Itz, 1940. Kers Seale, 1940. Delsman and Hal'denhllrg, 1934. Walford, 1937. Hildebrand, 1946. Figured McCulloch, 1922. Fowler, 1944. Meek and Hildebmnd, H123. Fmser-Brunner, 1949. Okada anll Matsubara, 1938. Kishinoure, 1923. Senenty, 1941. Schaefer and Marr, 1948b. Purasites Walfor(l, 1937. Manter, 1940. Food Vun Clea\'e, 1940. Kishinou.ye; 1923. Repl'oduction Walford, 1937. Delsman and Hal'denburg, 1934. Habits S~'non~'my Kishinouye, 1923. Boeseman, 1947. Keys Chevey, H134. . Fraser-Brunner, 1949. FAO,1949. Kishinou~'e, 1023. Fowler, 1904b, 1928. Walford, 1937. Giinthel', 1860, 1876. Meristic characters Hildebrand, 1946. Schaefer and Marl', 1948b. Jenldns, 19003. Reproduction Jordan and Eyermann. 1905. Schaefer, 1948c. J"rdall, Tanaka, and Sn~'der, 1913. Walford, 1937. McCulloch, 1922, Synonym~' Meek and Hildebrand, 1923. Fowler, 1938, 1944. Richardson, 1846. Fraser·Brunner, 1949. Tnnaka, 1931.. Kishinouye, 1923. Weber, 1913. Young Young Schaefer, 1948c. Delsman. 1931. Schaefer and Marl', 1948b. Delsman and Harclenhurg, 1934. E:'tfhY·U."lills macl"Optem. Giinther, 1889. Distribution EII.tll.JJ1l1/.//.s aUiftel"lItll.s. See Ellt1l.yllllus a·U·etteratus. ~'uQb, 1948. EuthJIIl'ltllll Uneafll!! Euth/mmts pelamis. See Kafs1I'woll-1/1l pclallliil. Anatomy Eufhl/11'll1tS pclmnys. See Kntsu'/IJOntl8 /lclamis. Kishinou~'e, 1923. Ettth'Jin1l4/s 'I)agans. See Ka·fsu·/Vonus 1J6lamis. Schaefer and MalT, 1948b. Euf1l.yllntiS 'Iva·nisi Classification Distribution Fraser-Brunnel', 1949. Fowler, 1949. Kishinouye, 1923. Synonymy Common names Fowler, 1949. Kishinouye, 1923. Eltf1l.1I1l1wS ya.Uo Walfor(l, 1937. Anatomy Compured with Eull/.J/nnus a·llette1·a.t1t8 Kishinouye, 1915a, 1915b, 1919a, 1923. Schmitt and Schultz, H140. Chemical analysis Description l\1i~'nuchi, 1915. Fowler, 1938. Classifieation Kishinoure, 1019c, 1923. Frasel'-Brunner, 1949. Schaefer anel Marl', 1948b. KishillOUye, 1915a,'1923. Seale, 1940. Nakamura, 1939b. Walford, 1937. Okada and Matsubarll, 1938.' Distribution . Common names .Fowler, 1938, 1944. Chevey, 1932a. Fraser-Brunner, 1949. Fujita and Wakiya, 1915. Kishinoure, 10l!le, H123. Herre and Umuli, 1948. Roedel, 1948a. . Kishinouye, 1915a, 1923. Sehuefer, 1I:)48c. Nakamura, 1939b. Schaefer and Marl', 1948b. Okada and Matsubara, 1938. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS 35

Elltltynnus yaito-Continued Eu.t1llln.nlls yaito-Continued Common numes-OJntinued Young Shapiro, 1048b. Kishinouye, 1910b, 1923, 1924. Tominagn, 1943. Schaefer, 1948c. Compared with Wanderer wal1isi Ellf1l.ynu8 alletferatus. See EuthY1l11fls aUettei·a.tlts. Whitley, 1937. Evolution Description Based on internal anatomy Chevey, 1932a. Kishinouye, 10190. Kishinouye, 1915a. 1923. Exploitation rates Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Tauchi, 1940a, 1940b, 1940c. Tominaga, 1943. Distribution Fishing conditions Cheyey, 103:!a. 1932b. Correlated with area DomantllY, 1040. Hart and Hollister, 1947. Eckles, 1049a. Hart et aI., 1948. Ft·aser-Brunner. 1949. Correlated with astronomical phenomena. See Astro­ ~'ujita anll Wllldya, 1915. nomical phenomena. Godsil and Greenhood, 1948; Correlated with oceanography. See Oceanographic H~rre, 1933, 1940. conditions. Jot'dan and Eyermanll, 1!)2f:la. CorreIated with sel1son Jordan and HUbbs, 1925. Hart et al.; 1948. Kishinouye, 1915a. 1922c," 1923. Inanallli, 104:!b. Olm

Food-Continued Katsuwonidae--Continued Tinker, 1944. Keys . Tominaga. H143. JClrclan ancl Hubbs, 1925. WalforcI; 1037. K atS1ll/;onus pela.mi8 Watanabe, H., 1939. Age Welsh. 1949. AikawlI, 1[137. Whitley, 1937. Aikawa amI Kato, 1938. Yabe and Mori, 1948. Higashi, 1941b. Kimura, 10·H. Germo alalllnga. See Tl/-ltnnus yermo. Okallloto, 1940. Genno alatll·nga. See Thunnlls gerll/o. Yabe and Mori. 1948. Gen!w olbaeo·rcs. See Ne9t1r.tt1/.1HIII ifQsibi. Anatomy Genllo a.1·gell.ti1Jitfa.fu.lI. See Neot1l.m/JII/.8 (It"genti'viUatft8. Jl;ckles. 1949b. ge·rm~. Gcnno gerll/o. See T1r.m/tl·us Godsil lind Byers, 1944. Genna germon. See T1W1l11.II·S yermo. Higashi, 1941a. Germo mOc.l"OlJfi'rltli. See Neotllf/1I1/IIS m.acrO[Jteru8. Imamura, 1949. Gent/o sibi. Para·thll..nnlls sibi. See Kisl1inol1~·e. 1915a, 1915b, 1918, 1919a, 1923.. GraYit~·, graYit~', specific. See Specific also Oceanographic Matsui, 1942a. 1942b. conditions. Suyehiro, 1036, 1938, 1941, 1942. Growth Botly comliti'Jn Ailmwa anll Kato, 1938. Aikawa, 1937. Brock, '1943. Aikawa amI Kato, 1038. Kimura. 103:2, 1935. Ikebe and Matsumoto. 1937. Kishinouye. 1923. Onodera. 1941. Schaefer, 1945n. U148b. South Seas Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1941d. Gymnosaraa a·t1inis. See KatS1tlVOnI/.S pela.m.ill. Suyehiro, 1936, 1038. GYlI/nosa·rda aUetterata.. See Butl/1m/Hls alletteratus. Body temperature Gym/l..osorda pelamis. See Katsll1f)OnUS pelmnis. Uda, 1941. Habits Watanabe, N., 1941. Brocl., 1949. Catch per unit of effort Imamura, 1949. Kanalllura lIml Yllzaki, 1940a, 1940b. Jordan and Qilbert, 1882. Chemical analysis Kidn, 1936. Higashi and Hil'ai, 19-:1:8. Kishinouye, 101oa, 1923. Kodama, Iizuka, and Harada. 1034. Nalmmurn, 1949. MiYllma and Osakabe. 1938, W40. Roughly, 1016. MiYlluchi, 1915. Schaefer, 1948b. Okuda, 1918. Serventy, 1942a. Classification Shapiro. 1948a. Fraser-Brunner. 1950. Tinker, 1944. Godsil and Brers, 1944. Tominagn. 1943. Hildebrand. 1946. Uchida, 1923. Kishinouye, 191Ga. 1023. Ucla. 1935b, 1940a. Nakamm'u, 1939b, . Uda and Tsl1kushi, 1934. Okada and MatSUbara, 1938. .Hermaphroditism Phillipps, 1927b. Nakamura, 1935. Roedel~ 1948b. Hormones Shapiro, 1948a. Mig-ita and Al·akawa. 1948. Soldatov and Lindbet'g, 1930. Oya and Takahashi, 1036. Tarnnetz, 1937. Toyam'a et aI.. 1041. Walford. 1931. Common names JIll·eniles. See Young. Barnhart. 1936. Craig, 1020. Katsuwonirlae Delsman and Hardenburg. 1934. Anatomy FAO, 1949. E;ishinouye. 1017a, 1919a. Fish. 1948. Classification Fujita and Wakiya. 1915. Kishinouye, 1mia. Herre and Umali. 1948. Compared with Allotl~ul1t/."ll8 fallai Jordan and E\"el"llI:llln, 1896. 1905. Serventy, 1948. Jordan and HUbbs, 1925. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS ·37

XutS·lt"/OO1l11tS pelu.m.i8--Continued KatS"/l.WOll-ltS pelamis-Continued Common names-Continued Distribution-Continued Jordan and Jordan, 1922. Bleeker. 1856, 1860a, 1862, 1865a. Jordan and Snyder, 1901. Chapman, 1946. .Jordan; Tanaka, and Snyder, 1913. Clemens and Wilby, 1946. Kishinouye, 1915a, 1923. Cuvier and Valenciennes. 1831. Kumata et aI., 1941. Delsman and Hardenburg, 1034.. Nakamura, 1939b. DOlllaritay, 1WO. Okada and Matsubarll, 1938. Eckles, 1949a. Phillipps, 19~7b. Eigenmann, 1892. Roedel, 1948b. Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1800. 1801. Sel'venty, 1941. . Evermann and Seale, 1907. Shapiro, 1948a, 1948b. FAO, 1940. Smith, 1047. Fish,.1948. Starks and Morris, 1907. Fowler. 1928,.1931, 1934, 1938, 1944, 1949. Tllnaka, 1912. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Tinker, 194:4. Fujita an

Kafst/·won-Its pelll.11Iis-Continued l1.afsltwOnus 11cla.mis-Continued Distl'i1mtion-Continued Fishing conditions correlated with oceanographY---Con. ,Taranetz, 1937. Kumamoto Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1946. Tinker, 1944. Mie Pref. Fish. Expt. Stu.. 1930a. 193011. 1930d. Tominagil.. 1943. O1dnawa Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1940a, 1943. Ulr~y, 1920. Sasaki. 1930a. Ulrey and Gl'eeley, 1928. Shapiro, 1048a. Waite, 1907. Shimamura. 1927. Walford, 1931. 1937. Shizuoka Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1936, 1937. Whitehead, 1929. South Seas Govt.-Gen. ,Fish. Expt. Sta.. 1!)37~, 1938. Whitley, 1947. 1942, 1943b. ' Distribution correlated with water temperature Taihoku Pro\". Fish. Expt. Stu.. 1927a, 1927b, 1929, Taka~'ama, Il~eda, and AmIo, 1934. 1932. Uda, 1935b. 1936, 1940b.' Taka3'amn, Ikeda. lind Ando. 1934. Eggs Uda, 1935b. 1938, Hl39, 1940c. Hatai et al., 1941. Uehara. 1941. Marr.1948.' Yabe and Mori, 1948. Nalmnmra Res. Staff, 1949. Fishing conditions correlated with weather Yabe amI Mori, 1948. Kannmura and Ynzaki, 1940b. Enemies Okinawa Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1940a. 1943. Imamura, 1949. Taihoku Provo Fish. Expt. Sta., 1927a, 192711. Tinker, 1944. Uda and Watanabe. 1938. Figured Food Barnhart, 1936. Clemens and Wilby. 1946. Clemens and Wilby, 1946. Delsman 1111(1 Hardenburg, 1934­ Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1831. Eckles, 1949b. Domantay. 1940. Hatai et al.. 1941. Eckles, 1949a. Hildebrand; 1946. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Imllmura, 1949. Godsi! and Byers, 1944. Kishinouye, 1917b, H123. Jordan and E\"er~13nn. 1905. Nalmlllura Res. Staff. 1949. Kishinou~'e, 1915a. 1923. Shapiro, 1948a. Kitahara, 1.897. S,uyehiro. 1936. 1938. 1942. Kumata et aI., 1941. Taihoku Provo Fish. Expt. Sta., 1928, 1929. Lesson, 1830. Tinker, 1944. McCulloch, 1922. Tominnga. 1943. Nakamura. 1939b. Walford, 1037. Roedel, 1948b. Ynbe and Mori, 1948. Serventy. 1941. Growth' Shapiro, 1948a. Ailmwa and ~ato, 1938. Smith and Schaefer. 1949. Habits Tanaka, 1912. Imamura. 1940. Temminck and Schlegel. 1850. Kishinouye. 1923. Tinker, 1944. Shapiro, 1948a. Walford. 1931. 1937. Tinker. 1944. Fishing conditions correlated with oceanography Tominaga, 1943. Aikawll. 1933. , Uchida. 1923. Chiba Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.• Katsl1ura Br., 1936. 1037, Udll. 1935h, 1940a. 1938.1941. Uda and Tsukushi. 1934. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1930. 1931, 1932, Hermaphroditism 1933b, 1934. Nakamura, 19.'1.5. Imamura, 1949. Hormones Inanami, 1941, 1942d. Migita and Arakawa. 1948. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. EX-pt. Sta.• 1925, 1926a, 1926b, 'Oya and Takahashi. 1936. 1927b, 1928a. 102f1a. 1030a. 1931a, 1932a, 1933a, 1935, Toyanla et al.. 1941. 1936a. 1937. Keys Kanamura a11(1 Yuzaki, 1940b. Brock, 1949. Kawamu'ra, 1939. Dplsman lind Hal'denburg. 1934. Kimura, 1941, 1040. Fraser-Brunner, 19.'50. Koehi Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.. 1923a. Godsil and Byers, 1944. BI:BLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS 39

Kat 8u.monil.s pela'll/is-Continued Kats1twOmtS lJelamis---Continued Kers-Continued PopulaHons-Continued Hill1ebraml, HI4I:I. Imamura, 1949. Kishinouye. 1915n, 1923. Tauchi. 1941. McCl1lloch, 1022. Tominaga, 1943. Meek and Hildehrnnd. 1!)23. Uda and 'I.'s111mshi, 1934- Okada and Matsubarn, 1938, Reproduction Roedel, 1948b. Eckles. 1949b. Serventy, 1041. Hatai et nl., 1041. Soldlltov and Lindberg. 1930. Imnmura, 1949. Tllrnnetz. 19::17. Kishinou~'e, 1923. Walford, 1931. 19::17. 1\:Iarr, 1948. Length-weight relation Schaefer, 1948c. Bonhllm, 1946. Schaefer and Marl', 1948a. Measurement data Sllapiro, 1948b. Ailmwa and I\:ato, 1938. Walford, 1937. Bonham, 1946. Yahe and Mori. 1948. Godsil and Byers. 1944. Sex ratio Higashi, 1040a; 1040b. 1941a, 1941b, 1042. Ikehe and Matsumoto. 1937. Ikeb€' and Matsumoto. 1937. Marl', 1948. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.. 1!.l25, H12611. 1927b. Nakamura Res. Staff, 1949. 1928a, 1029a. 1936a. 1937, 1938a, 1939a. 1940a, 1941. Sexual climol'phism Kodama, Iizl1ka. and Harada, 1934. Hntai et aI.. 1941. Marl', 1948. Sexual maturity Nalmmura Res. Staff. 1949. Hntai et aI., 1941,. Clita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.. 1!125. Marl'. 1948. Okinawa Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.. 1931. Matsubara. 1943. Onod,~ra, 1941. . Mat.'!ui, 1942b. Schnefer, 1948b. Nalmmura Res. Stnff. 1949. South Sens Govt.-Gen. Fi~h. Expt. StH .• 1941d. OkinaWfl Pref. Fi8h. Expt. Sta., 1931. Suyehiro,'1936, 1938. Schnefer and Man. 1948a. Tllihoku Provo Fish. Expt. Sta.• 1928, 1929. Yabe and Mori, 19-18. Uda.1041." Size composition Watanabe, N.. 1941. Aikawa. 1937. Yabe and Mori. 1948. Aikawa all/I Kato. 1938. Yllmamoto. 1!140. Inanami, 1M::!b. Meristic Clllll'llC:tl'rs Kago8him:l Prcf. Fi~h. Expt. Sta., 1037. GodsH and BreI'S. 1944. Kimura, 1941. Nlllmmura Res. Stnff, 1949. Naknmnra nes. Staff, 1949. Migration Okamoto, 1940. Hntai et aI.. 1941. Sa8aki. 1030a. Imamura. 1!140. UrIa. l\la5h. Kimura. 1941. 1942b. UtIa and Tsukushi. 1934. Kishinou~'e, 1923. Yabe and Mori. 1948. Matsubara, 1!I4.'l. Swimming velocit~· Mat"suIDotO. 1937. Watanabe, N., 1941. Sasnld, 1939a. Synollymy . Shapiro. 1948n. 1948b. Bleel,er, 1856. Tominnga. 1943. Boeseman. 1947. Uda, 1036. Evt'rlllnnn and Seale, 1907. Walford, 1937. FAO.1949. Parasites' Fish. 1948. Bennett, 1840. Fowler, 1028, 10:34, 1044, 1949. Hamdn. 1928. Fraser-Brunn~r. 1950. Kishinou~'e, 1923. Giinther, 1860, 18;6. Manter. 1940. Herre, 1936. Van Clem'e, 1940. Hildebrand. 1946. Pop111a tions JenkillS, 1903. Aikawa, 1937. Jordan lind EI"ermimn, 1896; lU05. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Jordan, Tanaka, and Snrder. 1913. 40 FISHERY BULLErnN OF THE FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

K(I·tS·I~WOnl/.8 lJela.mis--Continued Kis1I.inoolla '/"n'ro, SrnonymY-Continued Classification Kishinouye, 19::!3. Nakamura, 1939b. McCulloch, 1922. Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Meek and Hildebrand, 1923. Common names Nakamura, 1939b. Jor

Ki,shinoella, ton.,f/llo~Continued Migration-Contin\ted M£'asurement datu Imamura, 1949. Serveut~·, 1942b. Kimura, 1041, 1942b. Reproduction Kishinouye, 1923. . Sern~nt~', 1942u. Kochi Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1923b, 1924. Srllonymy Matsubam, 1043. Serventy, ·1942b. Matsumoto, 1937. Kishinof>.Ua zuca,Zles Naknmura, 1943, 1949. Classification Sasaki, 1939a, 1930b. Fmser-Brunner. 1950. Serventy, 1941. Nichols and LaMonte, 1941. Shapiro, 1948a, 1948b. Compared with Kishill.oeUn 1"U-I'U Soc. Prom. Ocean. Fish., 1936: Nakamura, 1939b.. Tauchi, 1940b. Compared with Kish·illoella tonggo~ Tomiuaga, 1943. Serventy, 1942b. Uda.1936. Description Walford, 1937.. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Whitehead, 1931. •Jordan amI Everlllann, 1926b. Morphometries Distribution Length-weight relation Fraser~Brunner, 1950. Bonham, 1946. Jordan and Evermann, 1926b. .Hiratsuka and Morita, 1935. Figured Schaefer, 1948a. Frnser-Brunner, 1950. Serventy, 1941. .Jordan and Evermann, 1926b. Measurement data Keys Aikawa amI Kato, 1938. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Anonymous, 1938. Jordan and Everluann, 1926b. Bonham, 1946'. Synonymy Brock, 1943, 1949. Fraser-Brunner, 1l:l50. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta.• 1933!!. Godsil, 1948. Length-weight data. See Morphometries. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Higashi, 1940a, 1940b. 19·Un, 1041c, 1942. Mackerel, frigate. See AfliCis spp. Hiratsuka and Imaizull1i. 1034. Management Hiratsuka and Ito, 1934. Schaefer, 1948c. Ikebe, 1939, 1940a, 1940b, 194Oc, 1941a, 1941b. Maturity Ikebe and Matsumoto, 1937. Inanmni, 1940a. Anon~'mous, 1938. Ban, 1941. Japanese Bur. Fish., 1939,1940. Clark, 1929. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1925, 1926a, 1927b, Hatai et aI., .1941. 1928a, 1929a, 1936a, 1937, 1938a, 1930a, 1940a, 1941; Ikebe, 1939. Kanalllura and Imaizumi. H135. Imaizumi, 1937. Kanamura and Yazal,i, 1940a, 1940b. Kallamura a nrl Ill1aizumi, 1935. Kodama, Iizuka, and Harada, 1934. Kanamm'a and Yazaki, 1940a, 1940b. Marl', 1948. Kato, 1940. Mi~'ama, Saruya, and Hasegawa, 1939.· Marr, 1948. Nakamura, 1936, 1939a, 1939b. Matsubara, 1943. Nakamura Res. Staff, 1949. Matsui. 1942b. Oita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 192G, 1927a, 1927b, 1930. NakaIl1Ul·a. 1938. Okinawa Pre!. Fish. Expt. Sta.. 1!l31. Nalmmurn Res. Staff, 1949. Oknllla, Imaizumi, and Maki. 1935. Okinawa Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1931. Onoclera, 1941. Okuma, Iruaizumi, and MaId, 1935. Schaefer, 1948a, 1948b. Schaefer, 1948b. Ser\'eut~', 1942b, 1948. Schaefer and Marl'. 1948a. South Seas Goyt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1941d, 1943a. Soc. Prom. Ocean. Fish., 1036. Suyehiro. 1036. 1938. Watanabe, H., 1939. Taihoku Pro\'. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1928, 1929. M.easmement data. See Morphometries. Ucla, 1932, 1941: l\:£igra tion. Uno. 1936b. Cobb,1919. Wade, 1949. Hutni et aI., 1941. Watanabe, Hajime, 1939. 42 FISHE'RY BULLErnN OF THE· FISH AND WILDLIiFE, S'E'RVICE

Morphometries-Continued N cOth"lf.111/.U8 a.rgcntit:ittat·u8 Measurement data-Continued Common names Watanabe, Haruo, 1940. Nichols amI l\:Iurph~', 1922. 'Watanabe, N., 1941. Description Yabe and Mori, 1048: Nichols and Mlll·phy. 19"22. Yamamoto. 1940. Distribution Meristic characters Fowler, 1944. Clark, 1029. Jordan and Jordan. 1922. GolIsil and ~)'ers, 1944. Nichols and Murphy, 1922. Nalmmura Res. Staff, 1949. Neot1wllnltB catoHlla·e ~948b. Schaefer and Marr, Classi:O.cation Wade, 1949. Nichols and LIlMonte, 1941. Methods of measurement Common names Godsil, 1948. Craig, 1929. Godsil and B)'er",. 1044. Nichols and LaMonte. 1941. Ma1'l' and Schaefer, 1049. Description Sex ratio Jordan and E,"erlllann. 1026b. Brock, 194H. Nichols and LaMonte, 1!)41. Ikehe and Matsumoto. 10H7. Distribution Marl', 1948, Jordan and Evermann, 1026b. l\:Ii)'ama, Saru)'a. and Hasegawa, 1939. Ulrey, 1929. Nakamura Re",. Staff, 1949. Figured Jordan and Evei·ll1ann. 192Gb. Neofhllt/1W8 Ke)'s Compared with Semafhlt11111t8 Jordan and Evermann. 1026b. Fowler, 1933. Niehols and LaMonte. 1941. Nakamura, 1039a. Synonymy New species recorded Nichols and LaMonte, 1941. JOl'dan and E,"ermann. 1926a. Neot111(J(./lllS -ltosibi Neoth1mnU8 albacol"(( Classification Classification Ni<'hols am] LaMonte. 1941. Nichols aJ](] Lal\Ionte, 1941. Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Common names Common names Nichols and LaMonte. 1941. Jordan and Evermanll. 1926b. Description Okada and Matsubara. 1038. Nichols am] LaMonte. 1941. Compared with Ncotl"'t1/.1/.UB macroptCr1t8 Keys Nakamura, 1939a, 1939b. Nichols and LaMonte. 1941. Description Synonymy Fowlel', 1928. Nichol", an(] LaJHonte. 1941. Jordan and Evermann. 1026b. Neot1/:1tn-1I//8 a·lb",cora a1b(((,o/"(/. See Nl'ofh1M1'Il"/t8 alba.cora. Okada amI Mutsubnra. 1938. Powell, 1937. N eoth1tm/·!t8 (tl-bacora IIw.Cl'IJpter//8. See N eot1wll111t8 maCl·optel"1t.8. Distribution DOlllantay, 1940. Neofhunllu8 a·/.ll8on; Fowler, 1028. Classification Jordan and Evel·malln. 1926b. Nichols allll LaMonte. 1941. Martin, 1935. Common nllllles Okada and Matsubara, 1938; Nichols and LaMont€', 1941. Powell, 1937. Compared with Neofh'//'l1l11tS macroptet"1t8 Figured Walford, Hl37. Domantay, 1940. Delll:l'iption Jordan and E"el·lllann. 1926b. Nichols a11(] LaMonte. 1941. Powell, 1937. Ke;vs Keys Nichols and LaMonte, 1941. Jordan and Everllllllln, 1U26b. S3'nonymy Okada amI Matsubara. 1938. Nichols and LaMonte, 1941. S~:riOllYlllY NeothunnH8 all;80ni allisoni. . See Neothlmnu8' om80ni. Fowler, 1928. NeotlMtl1.11U8 0.ll;80nl HOBibi. See Neot1lUn.n//8 ito·~j.bj.. Powell, 1937. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS 43

N e.otlI1t1l'll-1/S 1/UlCI'O]Jterus N eothll·J/."II"'.~ 1/wCI'O]JtCl'us-Continued Age Common 1U1Iues-Continued Aiknwa nnel Kato, 1938. FAO, 1949. Ban, 1941. Fish,1948. Hignshi, 1941b. Fujita and 'Wakiya, 1915. Il;:ebe, 1939, 104011, 1940b, 1940c, 1941a, 1941b. Herre and Umalj, 1948. Kanamura and Yazald, 1940a, 1940b. Jordan and Evermann, 192Gb. Kimura, 1942a. Jordan and Hubbs, 1925. Schaefer, 1945b. Jordan and Jordan, l{122. Tauchi, 1940b. JOl'dan and SnYder, 1901. . Anatomy JOl'uan, Tanaka, and Sn~'der, 1913. Fish,1948. Kishinouye, 1915a,.lfJ23. GodsH and Byers. 1944. Kumata et al.. 1941. Higashi, 1941c. Nakamura, 19H!lb. 1943. 1949. Kishinouye, 1915a, 1915b. 1919a, 1922a, 1923. Okada and Matsubal'R. 1938. Matsui, 1942a. . Roedel, 1948b. Migita and Arakawa, 1948. Serventy, 1941. . Nakamura, 1949. Shapiro, 1948a, 1948b. Suyehiro, 1941, 1942. Smith, 1947. Body condition' Stnrks and Morris, 1907. Aikawa and Kato, 1938.. Tinker, 1944. . Ikebe, 1939. Ulrey and Greeley, 1928. Kanamura and Yazaki, 1940a, 1940b. Walford, 1931, 1937. Bo(ly temperature Whitley, 1947. Anonymons, 1935. Compared with Neotlumnu8 a1lisoni Kanami.lra and Imaizumi, 1935. Walford, 1937. KanaDlura and Yazaki, 1940a. 1940b. Compared with Neot1l.u/lJl."s itosilJi Nakamura, 1941. Nakamura, 1939a. 1939Q. Oita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1927a, 1930. Compared with ParaUUIl1'11I1S mebachi Catch per unit of effort Roedel, 1948b. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish Expt. Sta., 1933a. Compared with .'ileIl/.1It1WII'IUl8 guiltli Hiratsulm and Imaizumi, 1934. Nakamura, 1939b. Hiratsuka and Ito, 1934. Compared with 2'hu'IInus thlmn-u8 Imaizullli. 1937. Thompson and Higgins, 1919. Kanamura lind Imaizumi. 1935. Description Kananltlrll and Yazaki, 1940fi, 1940b. .Bal'l1hart, 1936. NakamUl'u, 1949. Boeseman, 1947. Okullla, ImllizUllli, anrl Maki, 1935. Delsman and HardenbUl'g, 1934. Chemical analysis Fowlel', 1028. Dill,1921. Fraser-Brunner, 1950.' Higashi amI Hirai. 1948. Godsil aud Byers, 1944. Mirama and Osakabe. 1940. Hildebrand, 1946. Mi~'allla, .Saruya, and Hasegawa, 1939. Jordan and EVel1llUnn, 192Gb. Classification Jordan and HUbbs, 1925. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Jordan and Jordan, 1022. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Jordan and Starks, 1907. Hildebrand, 1946. ·Kishillou~'e, 1915a. 1923. Kishinouye, 19:1.5n, 1923. Matsubara, 1943. Nakamura, 1939a, 1930b, 1943, 1949. Nakamura, 193flb. l{I4o. . Nichols and LaMonte. 1941. Okada amI M~tsubara, 1938. Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Roedel, 1948b. Roedel, 1945b. Seule, 1940.. Schaefer, 1948a.. Serventy, 1941. Shapiro, 1948a. Shapiro, 1948a. Soldat~v and Lindbel'g, 1930. Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Taranetz, 1!l37. Starks, 1918. Walford, 1031. Temminck and Schlegel, 1850. Common names Thompson a11(l Higgins, 1919. Barnl:;Ulrt, 1936. Tinker,' 1944. Delsmall find Hardenburg, 1934. Walford. 1931. 1937. 44· FISHE'RY BULLErrJN OF THE FlSiH AND WILDLIiFE &E'RVlCE

Neoth/m"t/us tIlacropterus-Continued Neothmm1M tnUCI"opterus--Continued Distribution Distribution-Continued Abe, 1939. Tinker, 1944. Anonymous. 1938. Ulrey, 1929. Barnhart, 1036. Ulrey and Gl'eeley, 1928. Bleeker, 1852. 1862. 1865a. Walford, 1931. 1937. Chapman, 1946. Whitley, 1928, 1947.. Clm. 1931. Distribution correlated with water temperature Delslllan and Hardenbl1rg, 1934­ Talmynma and Ando. 1934. Domantay, 1940. Uda.19S5a. Eckles, 1949a. Exploitation rates FAO.1949. Tauchi,1940b. Fish,1948. Figured Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Stu.,. 1933a. Anonymous, 1938. .Fowler, 1923a, 1928, 1931, 1938, 1949. Barnhart, 1936. Fraser-Brunner. 1950. Delsman and Hardenburg, 1934. Fujita and Waki~'a, 1915. Domantay, 1940. Godsil and Greenhood, 1948. Eckles, 1949a. Herre. 1932, 1935. 1936, 1940. Fraser-Brunner, 1050. Hildebrand, 1946. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Hiratsuka find Imaizumi, 1934. Jordan and Evermann. 1926b. Hiratsuka and Ito, 1934. Jorllan and Starks, 1907. Holder, 1912. Kishinouye, 1015a, 1923. Hnbbs. 1916. Kitahara, 1897. Imaizumi, 1937. Kuniata et aI., 1941. Jal1Rnese Bur. Fish.. 1934. Nakamura, 1949. Jordan and Everlllann, 1926a. 1926b. Roedel, 1948b. Jordan and Hubbs. 1925. Serventy, 1941. Jordan and Jordan, 1022. Shapiro, 1948a.. Jordan and Seale. 1906. Starks, 1918. Jordan and Snyder, mOl. Temminck and Schlegel, 1850. Jordan and Starks, 1907. Tinker, 1944. Jordan. Tanalm. nnd Snyder. 1913. Walford, 1931. 1937. Kanamura and Illlaiznllli. Hm5. Fishing conditions correlnted with astronomical phe­ Knnamura and Yazald, 1940n. 1940b. nomena Kimura. 1942b. ·Takao Provo Fish. Expt. Sta., 1927. Kishinouye, 1915a, 1923. FiShing conditions correlated with oceanography Kochi Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1923b, -924­ Aikawa, 1933. . Kumata et aI., 1941: Ban,1941. Martin, 1938. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1933a. MatSUbara, 1943. Hiratsuka and Imaizumi, 1934. Nakamura, 1939b. 1943. 1949. Hiratsuka and Ito, 1934. Olmda and Matsubara. 1938. Ikebe, 1940d. 1942. Okullla, Imaizumi, and Maki, 1935. Inanami, 1940b, 1940c, 1941. 1942d. Reeves, 1928. Japanese nUl'. Fish... 1934. R·ichardson, 1846. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1926b. 1927a, 1928b, Roedel, 1948b. 1929b, 1930b, 1930c, H131b. 1932b, 1933b. Schaefer, 1948c. Kanamura and Imaizumi. 1935. Seale. 1940. Kanamura and Yazaki, 1940a, 1940b. Serventy, 1941. Kawamura, 1939. Shapiro, 1948a. 1948b. Kimura, 1942a. . Smith and Schaefer, 1949. Kimura and Ishii, 1933. Soldatov and Lindberg. 1980. Mil' Pref. Fish. E~"pt. Sta., 1030c. 1930e. Sonth Seas Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1937a. Nakamura. 1949. St.'l1"ks, 1918. aita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.• 1930. Starks and Morris, 1907. Okuma, Imaiz11mi, and MaId, 1935. Talmo Prov. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1927. Shlwiro. 1948a. Tnnaka.1931. South Seas Govt.-Gen.. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1937a, 1038, .Taranetz. 1937. . 1941b. 1942. 1943b. Temminck and Schlegel, 1850. Takao Provo Fish Expt. Sta., 1927. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS 45

N eothU'/IJ/"l/8 macropfcrlt8-Continued NeothuJ/J/1I8 mac/'opteru8-ConUnued Fishing conditions correlated with (lceanograph~'-Con. Length-weight relation Takayama and Ando, 1934. Hiratsuka and MOI'Ua, 1935 Uehara, 1941. Schaefer, 1948a. Fishing conditions correlated with wMther Measurement data l.'ormosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Ex'pt. 8tn., 1033a. Aikawa and Kato. 1938. Hiratsuka and Imaizumi, 1934. Anonymous, 1938. Hiratsuka and Ito, 1934. Bonham, 1946. , Krinalllura and Yazaki, 1940a, 104Ob. Formosa OO'l't.-Gen. Fish. Expt. 8ta., 1933n. Oita Pref. Fish. Expt. 8ta., 1H30. Godsil, 1948. ' Okuma, Jmaizumi, all(I Maki, 1935. Godsil anel B~'ers, 1944. Food Higashi, 1940a, 1941b, 1941c. 1942. Anonymous, 1938. Hiratsuka and IlUaizullli, 1934. Ban, 1941. Hiratsuka all(I Ito, 1934. Chapman, 1946. Ikebe, 1939, 1940a, l{~Ob. 19401', 1941a, 1941b. Fitch, 1950. Inannmi, 194On. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1933a. Kanamura and Imaizumi. 1935. Herald, 1949. Kanamura and Yazali:i, 1940a. 194Ob. Hildebrand, 1(146. Marr,1948. Japllnese Bur. Fish., 1934. Miyama, Saruya, and Hasegawa, 1939. Kanamura and Imaizumi, 1935. Nakamura, 1936, 1939a, 1939b. Kanamura and Yazaki, 1()40a, 1940b. (lita Pref. Fish. Expt. 8ta.. HI~5. HI~7a. HI27b, 1930. Kishinouye, 1917b, 1H23. Okuma, Imaizullli, and Maki, 1935. Mllrukawa, H139. . Schaefer, 1948a, 1948b. MiYllllla, Saru~'a, amI Hasegawa, 1939. South Seas Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1943a. Nakamura, 1936, 1943, 1949. Watanabe, H., 1940. Okuma, Imaizumi, and Maki, 1935. Meristic characters Shapii·o, 1948a. Godsl1 and Byers, 1944. Suyehiro, 1942. Migration Tinker, 1944. Kochi Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1923b, 1924­ Walford, 1937. Nakamura, 1943. Growth Shapiro, 1948a. Aikawa and Kato. 1938. Tauchi, 1940b. Kimura, 1()32, 1035. Walford, 1937. Kishinouye, 1923. Parasites Schaefer, 1948a, 1948b. Kishinouye, 1923. Habits Populations Kishinouye, 1923. Godsil, 1948, 1949. Naltlllllura, ,1949. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Schaefer, 1948b. Tauchi, 1940b. Shapiro, 1948a. Reproduction Hormones Hatai et al., 1941. Migita and Arakawa, 1948. ,Ikebe, 194111. Toyama et al., 1941. Kishinouye, 1923. Keys Marr, 1948. , Brock, 1949. Nakamura, l{139b, 1943. 1949. Delsman and Hardenburg, 1934. Schaefer, 1948c. Schaefer and Marl'. 1948a. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. , Tinker, 1944. Godsil and Byers, 19411:. Walford, 1937. Hildebrand, 1946. Sex ratio Jordan and Evermann, 1H26b. Marl', 1948. Kishinouye, 1915a. 19~3. Miyama. Saruya, and Hasegawa, 1939. Nakamura, 1949. Sexual maturity , Okada and Matsubara. 1938, Anonymous, 1938. Roedel, 1948b. Ban, 1941. Serventy, 1941. Hatai et al., 1941. Soldl).tov and Lindberg, 1930. Ikebe, 1939. Taranetz, 1937. ' Imaizumi, 1937. . WaIfol'd, 1931, 1937. Kanamura and Imaizull1i, 1935. 46 FISHE'RY BULLErr'IN OF THE FISH Al'\T,o WILDLIFE SERVICE

Ncofhllllnll8 macl'Opferll8-Continulo'li Ncofhllllllll8 '/'I/ruB-Continued SE'xualmaturity-ContinuE'd Distribution Kananmra and Yazalti, 1040a. 1940b. Delsmlln and Hardenburg. 1934. Kato, 1940. Herre, 1040. Marr, 1948. Kishinouye. 1915a. lf123. Okuma, Imaizumi, and Mllki, 1935. Nakamura. H143. 194ft. Schaefer, 1948b. Eggs Schaefer and Marr, 1948a. Delsman and Har'll'nburg. 1934. Size composition Fignred Aikawa and Kato, 1938. Kishinoll~·e. 1915a, 1923. Killlura, 1932, 1942a. Nalmmurn, 1949.. Schaefer, 1948b. Food Schaefer and' M.nrr, 1948a. Kishinouye. 1!l23. Tauchi, 1940b. Nakamlll'a. H143, 1949. Survival rates Habits Tam'hi. 1940b. Kishinouye. H123. Synonymy Nalmmura. 1949. BOeSE'lllan, 1947. Keys Chu. 1931. Delsman and HardE'nIJUrg. 1934. FAD, 1949. Kishinouye. 1915:1. H123. Fish,1048. Nllkllmura, 1949. Fowler. 10::!8, 1931. 1949. Nichols and LaMontI'. 1941. Fraser-Brunner. H150. . Migration Herre, 1936. Nal,amura. 194~. Hildebrand, 1946. 'Reproduction Jordan and Hubbs, 1925. DeIsmlln amI Hardenburg. 1934. Jordan and ~tarks, 190i. Nakamura, 1943. Jordan, Tanaka, and Sn~'der, 1913. Synonymy Kishinouye, 1923. Killhinouye, 192~. Nakamura, 1030a. 193Hb. 1949. Nalmmura, 1949. Richm:dson. 1846. . Nichols and LaMonte, 1941. Soldntov and LindhE'rg. 1H30. Neot7/."1/1/."/Ius 1'(lrIl8 :::acall.es. See Kis7!-'inoeUa z(l('(I·lles. Tanaka. 1031. N eof1wIInl/8 fonguo1- Ulrey and GrE'eley, 1928. Dellcription Tagging Jorc!nn and Everlllalln. Hl26b. Godsil, 1938. Distribution Young Jortlan and Everm:1nn. ]1I26b. Kishinou)'e. 1924. 1926. Keys Schaefer, Hl48c. .Jordan and Evermann, ]926b. SchaefE'r and Marl'. U148a. S~'nonYIllY NeofhuJl.t1'l18 "(I'rIl8 Jordan and EveJ'manll. 1n26b. Anatomy Neofh/1J11/.UiI mflrl'(JIJfel'"/t.~. See Neofhunllus mfll'l'opfcl'lIi1. Kishinouye, 1015a. Hl15h, 1923. Nicotinic acid Nalmmura. 1049. Higallhi and .Hirai, 1n4S. Classification NomenClature. tuna. See Tuna. common names. . Kishinouye. 1015:1, 19:!-'3. Nakamura. 1943. 1949. Oceanographic conditions. See also Currents; Salinity: Nichols and LaMonle. 1941. Specific grnvity: Tides: Water. COlllmon names Correlated with fishing Delsman and H:U'denburg. 1934. Ban. 1941. I\:isllinouye, 1015a, HJ23. Formosa Goyt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1933a. NakanlUrll. 1943. 104ft. Hiratsuka am! Imaizumi. 1n34. Nichols and LaMonte. 1941. Hil'atsukll and Ito, 1934. Compared with Ki8hinoe1l(l f0110001­ Ikebe, 1942. Serventy, 1942b. Imamura. H14n. Description Kanamura and Imaizumi, Ul35. Delsman and Hardenburg, 1934. Kanamura and Yazaki, 1n40b. Kishinouye. 191:'il1. H123. Kawamura, 1939. .Nnkamul'll, 1949. K.)chi Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.• 1923a. Nichols and LaMonte, 1941. Nakamura. 1949. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS 47

Oceanographic conditions-Continued Pa·mthunnus mcz,f/ol/.;-Continued Correlated with fishing-Continued Distribution Oita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1930. Fish,1948. Okuma, Imaizumi, and Maki, 1935. Imaizumi,1937. Scagel, 1949. Japanese Bur. Fish., 1934. Shapiro, 1948a. Kanamura and Imaizumi. 1935. South Seas Gm·t.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 193'jc, 1938, KnlllllllUra and Yazaki, 1940a. 1941b. Kimura, 1942b. Taihoku Pro\". Fish. Ex-pt. Sta., 10::!7l1, 1027b. Kishinouye, 1915a. 19::!3. Uda, 1935b, 1040c. Kochi Pref. Fish. Expt. Stn., 1923b, 1924­ Correlated with location of fishing gl'olmds KUlllata et aI., 1941. Inanami, 1942a. Matsubara, 1943. Soc. Prom. Ocean. Fish., 1936. Nakamura, 1930b, 1943, 1049. Orcylltt8. See Thunnidae. Talmo Provo Fish. Expt. Sta., 1927. . Oroymt8 a.la1.o1/.ga. See Thun'nU8 gernw. Distribution correlate.1 with water temperatures Oroymt8 gernw. See ThU1/.1W·8 germo. Takayama and Ando, 1934. OroY1l-118 pacijicu8. See Thun1Ht8 germo. Figured Godsil lind B~'ers, 1944. Parasites Kishinouye, 1915a, 1923. Bennett, 1840. Kumatll et a1.. 1041. Harada. 1928. Nnkamura, 1949. Kishinouye. 1923. Fishing conditions correlated with astronomical phe­ Mantel', 1940. nomena Van Cleave, 1940. Talmo Provo Fish. Expt. Sta,; 1!l::!7. Pa·ra.tIMlmms Fishing conditions correlated with oceanography Keys Aikawa, 1933. Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Fukuda amI Iizulm. 1940a. Para·thnnnfl,8 tnebacM Ikebe, 1942. Anatomy Inanami, 1940b, 1940c, 1042d. Godsif and Byers. H144. Japanese Bur. Fish., 1934. 1939. Higashi, 1!l41c. Kagoshimu Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1926b. 1927a, 1928b, Kishinouye, Hl15a. 1915b. 1918. 1919a, 1922a. 1923. 1929b, 1930b. 193De. 1931b. 1H32b, 1933b. NakamUl'a, 1!l49. Kanamuru and Imaizumi, 1935. Body temperature Kimura, 1942a. KananlUra and Imaizumi, 1935. Mie Pref. Fish. Expt, Sta., 1930c, 1930e. Oita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1027a, 1930. Nakamura, 1949. Catch pel' unit of effort Oita Pref. Fish Expt. Sta., 1930. Illlaizumi, 1037. Okinawa Pref. Fish. Expt. Stu., 1940b. Japanese Bur. Fish., 1939. Omori amI Fujimoto, 1940. Kanamura and Imaizumi, 1935. Kanamura and Yazaki, 1940a. Omori and FUkuda, 1938, 1940. Nakamura. 1949. South Seas Go\'t.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1942. . Chemical analrsis Takao Provo Fish. Expt. Sta., 19::!7. Miyama and Osakllbe. 1940. Tnkayama and Ando, 1934. Miyauchi, 1915. Uehara, 1941. Classification Fishing conditions correlated with weather Godsil and Byers. 1944. Kanamura and Illlaizullli, 1935. Kishinou~'e, 1915a, 1923. Oita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.. 1930. Nalmmura. 1939b, 1943, 1949. Food COlllmon names Kishinouye, 1917b. 1923. Kishinouye, 1915a, 1923. Nakalllura, 1943, 1949. Kumata et a!., 1941. Habits Nakamura, 1939b, 1943, 1949. Kishinou~'e, 1923. Compared with Neot1u/ll.JlII.~ macro/)terus Nakamura, 1949. Roedel, 1948b. Kers Compared with Tlum·l/us germo . Godsil and Byers,-1044. Roedel, 1948b. Kishinouye, 1015a, 1023. Description Naltmnura, 1949. Godsil and Byers. 1944. Measnrement data Kishinouye, 1915a. 1923. Godsil and B~'er;;, 1944. Nalmmura, 1939b, 1949. Higashi, 1940a. 1941c.··· 929179°-51----4 48 FISHERY BULLEITIN OF THE· FISH AND, WILD'LIiFE, SE'RVIOE

Pa,rathU1l1l1~8 mebachi--Continued ParathUlli/Ml8 8ibi--Continued Measurement data-Continued Distl'ibution-Continued Ikebe, 1940a. . Okada and Matsubara. 1935. Kanamura and Imaizu'mi, 1935. Ricbardson, 1846. Oita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1925, 1927a, 1927b, 1930. 'Shapiro, 1948b. Watanabe, H., 1940. Smith and Schaefer, 1949. Meristic characters Sn~'der, 1904. Godsil and B~'ers, 1944. Tanaka, 1931. Migration Tinker, 1944. Kochi Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1923b, 1924. UlreY, 1929. , Nakamura, 1943. Ulrey and Greeley, 1928. Parasites Distribution correlated with water temperature Kishinouye, 1923. Uda, 1935a. Reproduction Figured Nakamura, 1943. Domantay, 1940. Sexual maturity Fowler, 1927, 1928. Kananmra and Imaizumi, 1935. Jordan and Evermann, 1926b. Synonymy Kitahara, 1897. Kishinouye, 1923. Temminck and Schlegel, 1850. Nakamura, 1939b, 1949. Tinker, 1944. Young Food Hatai et al., 1941. Suyehiro, 1942. Kishinouye, 1926. Habits Young as food of tunas Brock, 1949. Kishinouye, 1917b. Hormones Para·thtlnfl.1l8 s;'bi Toyama et al., 1941. Anatom~' Keys Su~'ehiro, 1941, 1942. Brock, 1949. Chemical analysis Jordan and Evermann, 1026b. Miyama and Osakabe, 1938. Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Classification Measurement data Okada and Matsubal'a, 1938. Brock, 1949. Comlllon names Higashi, 1942. Jordan and Hubbs, 1925. Synonymy Jordan and Sn~'der, 1901. Fowler, 1928, 1949. Okada and Matsubara. 1938. Jordan and Evermann, 1926b. Shapiro, 1948b. Jordan and Hubbs, 1925. Tinker, 1944. Richardson, 1846. Ulrey and Greeley, 1928. Tanaka, 1931. Compared with Pclam1l8 8ibi mrey and Greeley, 1928. Bleeker, 1879. Young as food of tunas Compared with Thllllnll8 ala-longa Marukawa, 1939. Temminck and Schlegel, 1850. Parathynml8 8ibi. See Pa·'mth1tn.n118 8ibi. Description Pelamy8 affine. See Ellthzmntl8 alletteratu8. Brock, '1949. Pela.mY8 macl·opteru8. See N eoth1l11iJ1.fl8 macropteru8. Fowler, 1927, 1928. Pelam'IJ8 pelamY8. See Kat811wo-m18 pelami8. Jordan and Evermann, 1926b. Pela.1Il'l/1I 8iM Jordan and Hubbs, 1025. Compared with Thynml8, 8fbi Jordan and Jordan, 1922. Bleeker, 1879. Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Temminck and Schlegel, 1850. Pelamy8 ~h1mnilla. See Euthynwu8 aZletterat1l8. Tinker, 1944. Plecostei Distribution Anatomy Domantay, 1940. Berg, 1947. Fowler, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1931, 1938, 1949. Kishinouye, 1917a. Herre, 1940. Takahashi, 1924. Jordan and Evermann, 19268, 192Gb. Classification Jordan and Hubbs, 1925. Berg, 1947. Jordan and Jordan, 1922. Kishinouye, 1917a. Jordan and Snyder, 1901. Takahashi, 1924, 1926. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS 49

Populations ' Sex. See Morphometries. Aikawa, 1937. Sexual maturit~'. See Maturity. Brock, 1943. Size composition Clark, 1929. Aikawa,1937. Godsil, 1948, 1949. Aikawa and Kato, 1938. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Brock, 1943. Imamura, 1949. Hurt et ai., 1948. Tauchi, 1940a, 1940b, 194OC, 1941. Inanami,1942b. Tominaga, 1943. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. E.'q)t. Sta., 1937. Uda and Tokunaga, 1937. Kawalla, 1934. Uda and Tsukushi, 1934. Kida,1936. Kimura, 1932, 1935, 1941, 1942a. Reproduct.ion Mine and Iehisa, 1940. Brock, 1943. Nakamura Res. Staff. 1949. Delsman and Hardenburg, 1934­ Okamoto, 1940. Eckles, 1949b. Sasaki, 1939a, 1939b. Hatai et a1., 1941. Scagel, 1949. Ike-be, 1941b. Schaefer, 1948b. Imamura, 1949. Schaefer and Marl', 1948a. Kishinonye, 1915a, 1923. Serventy, 1941, 1947. Marr,l948. Tauchi, 1940a, 1940b, 1940~ Nakamura, 1938, 1939b. 1943, 1949. Uda,1935b. Schaefer, 1945c. Uda and Tsukushi, 1934. Schaefer and Marl', 1945a. Yabe and Mori, 1948. Serventy, 1941, 1942a. Skipjack. See Kat81lwonU8 pela-mia. Shapiro, 1948b. Skipjack, black. See E,utl/,/l1m1IB spp. Soc. Prom. Ocean. Fish., 1936. Spawning. See Reproduction. Tinker. 1944. Specific gravity Walford. 1937. Correlated with fishing Watanabe, H., 1939. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1930, 1931, Whitehead, 1931. 1932, 1933b, 1934. Yabe and Mori, 1948. ;Japanese Bur. Fish.• 1939, 1940. Mie Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1930a, 1930b, 1930c, 19300, Salinity. See also Oceanographic conditions. 1930e. Correlated with fishing Omori and Fujimoto. 1940. Inanami, 1941. Uda and Tokunaga, 1937. Omori and FukUda, 1938, 1940. F!cOI/I·lJcr taBoo See AlUciB taBoo Shimamura,1927. Scmatlmn1l418 Taihoku Provo Fish. Expt. Sta., 1929. Compared with Neot7umnu8 Stock. See Populations. ' Fowler, 1933. Stomach contents. See Food. Nakamura, 1939a. Survival rates Bemathunnu8 guUd,i Tauchi, 1940a, 19"lOb, 1940c. Compared with Ncothurtnu8 macropteru8 Synonymy Nakamura, 1939b. Bleeker, 1852, 1856. Description Boeseman, 1947. Fowler, 1933. Chevey, 1932a, 1934. Distribution Chu,1931. Fowler, 1934­ Evermann and Seale, 1907. Synonymy FAO,1949. Fowler, 1934. Fish, 1948. SematlUI1lnfl8 itQ8tlJi FOWler, 1904b, 1928, 1931. 1934, 1938, 1944, 1949. Common names Fraser-Brunner, 1949, 1950. Tinker, 1944. Griffin, 1927. Description GUnther, 1860, 1876. Tinker, 1944. Herre, 1936. Distribution Hildebrand, 1946. Fowler, 1984. Jenkins, 1903. Tinker, 1944. Jordan. 1923. Synonymy Jordan and Evermann, 1896,1905, 1926b. FoWler, 1984. Jordan and Gilbert, 1882. 50· FISHERY BULIiErrm OiF THE, FISH'AND" WILDUiFE. SERVICE

Synonymy-Continued Thl/'I1'IlIIB [lorillo-Olmtinued JOl~dull and Hubbs, 1925;:' Age-Continued Jordan and Starks, 1007. Tauchi, 1040c. Jordan, Tanaka, and Snyder, 1913. Uno, 1936b. Kishinouye, 1923. Anatomy Liitken, 1880. Bennett, 1840. McCulloch, 1922. Fish,1948. Meek and Hildebl'and, 1923. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Nakamura, 1939a, 1939b, 1949. Kishinouye, 1915a, 1915b, 1919a, 1922a, 1923. Nichols and LaMonte, 1941. Nalmmura, 1949. . Phillipps. 1927b. SU~'ehiro, 1941. Powell,1937. Body condition Richardson, 1846. Aikawa and Kato, 1938. Schultz, 1949. Kanumura and Yazaki, 1940b. Schultz and DeLacy, 1936. Soc. Prom. Ocean. Fish., 1936. Serventy, 1942b. BOily temperature Soldatov amI Lindberg, 1930. Anonymous, 1938. Tanaku, 1912, 1931. Kunamura and Yazuki, 194Gb. Ulrey and Greeley, 1928. Oit.a Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.. Hl27a. Wade, 1949. Scagel, 1949. Waite, 1907, 1921. Catch per unit of effort : Weber, 1913, Imaizunrl. 1937. Whitley, 1937. Japanese Bur. Fish.• 1939, 1940. Tagging Klinamura and Yazaki, 1940a, 1940b. Anonymous, 1939. Nnkamura, 1949. Fulmda ancI Iizuka. 1940b. Chemical analysis Dill,1921. Godsil, 1935. ", Kagoshimll Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1928a, 1036b, 1938.\:1, .~ Miyauchi, 1915. 1939b, 1940b. Soc. Prom. Ocean. Fish., 1936. . Kawanu, 1934. Classification Matsumoto, 1937. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. l;!cagel, 1949. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Sonth .Seas GO\"t.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Stu., 1941c. Kishinouye; '1015a, 1923. Uda, 1936. Nnkamura, 1939b, 1943. 1949. Temperature. See B,-,d~' temperature; 'Vater' tempera­ Oknda and Matsubara, 1935. tnre; also Oceanographic conditions. Phillipps, 1927b. Thunnidae Roedel, 1945b. Anatomy Shapiro, 1948a. Kishinouye. ~1917a, 1919a. Solda tOY and Liudberg, 1930.. Clussification TlIl'Ilnetz, 1937. Jordan, 1923. Walfol'd, 1931. Kishlnou~'e, 1917a. Common nallles Liitlten, 1880. Bnmhart, 1936," Distribution Crnig, 1929. Bleeker. 1844. FAO.1949. Keys Fish, 1948. .Jordan and HUbbs, 1925. Fujita and Wakiya, 1O~5. Synonym~' Herre and Umali, 1948. Jordan, 192.'3. Jordan and Evermann, 1896, 1905. Li.itken, 1880. ', Jordan and Hubbs, lt125. Thunniformes...See 'Plecostei: Jordan, Tanalm, and Sn~'der, 1913. Tl/:/t1/.lI.11-B alal'll1J.[/Il'. See 'l'll1ll1l1-US. yermo.. Kishinou~'e, 1015a. 1923. Th'll1i.mtB albaoora·. See Neothul/'IlllS mac1·opterus. Nnknmura, 1939b, 1943, 1949. Th'//lImt8 yermo Okada and Matsubara, Hl38. Age . Phillipps, 1927b. Aiknwa and Kato. 1038. Roedel, 1945b. Brock, 1943. Serventy, 1941. Ikebe. H140c. Shnpiro, 1948n. 1948b.. Kunamul;n .and' Y~fzaki, .1940b. Smith, H147. Kimuru, 1942a. Starks and l\:Iorris, 1907. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS 51

Tl/.u'/l.·l/.uS gm'mo-('(lI1tinned Tl/.Il1/11.'lIs yermo-Continued Common nnmes-Contillned DistL'ihntion-Continued Tinker, 1944. Jordan and Evermann, 1896. 1905, 1926a, 1926b. Uh'ey and Greeler, 1928.. Jordan and Gilbert, 1881a, 1882. Walford, 1931, 1937. Jordan and Hubbs,'1025. Compared with Pa·1·ath'U'/I'III/S mebac1£i Jordan and Jordan, 1922. Roedel, 1948b. Jordan and Seale. 1906. Description Jordan, Tanaka, and Sn~'der, 1913. Barnhart. 1936. Klinanmra and Yazaki. 1fl40b. Bennett, 1840. Kimura, 1942b. Boeseman, 1947. Kishinouye. 1915a, 1923. Clemens and Wilby. 1j:l46. Koehi Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1923b, 1924. Cooper, 1803. . Mlltsubara, 194.'3. Cnvier and Valenciennes, 1831. McCUlloch, 1922. ]j~owler, ·1904b. 1028. Meel;; and Hildebrnnd, 1923. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Metz, 1912. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Nakamura, 1939b. 194.'J, 1949. Gl'iffin, H127. Okada and Matsubara. 1938. Giinther, 1860. 1876. Phillipps, 1927a. 1927b. Jordan and Evel'mann, 190ii. 192Gb. Phillipps and Hodgkinson, 1922. Jordan and Hubbs, 1fl2;;. Roedel, 1948b. Jordan and JOl·dnn. 11'22. Roughly, 1916. Kishinouye, 1915a. 1923. Sampson, 1940. Meek nnd Hildebrand, 1923. Schnefer, 1948c. Nakamura, 1939b, 1949. Schultz and DeLacy. 1936. Okada and Matsubara, 1938. Serventy, 1941. 1!J47. Roedel, 1948b. Shapiro, 1948a, 1948b. Servent~', 1941. Soldatov nnd Lindberg. 1930. Shapiro, 1948n. Starks, 1918. SoIo:1atov and Lindberg, 1930. Stnrks and Morris, 1907. Starks, 1918. Stead, 1906, 1908. Stead, 1906. Tanaka, 1931. Tinker, 1944. Taranetz, 1937. Walford, 1n31, H,37. Thompson and Higgins. 1919. Distribution Tinker, 1944. Anonymons, 1!!38. Ulrey, 1929. Bnrnhnrt, Ij:l36. Ulrey and Greeley, lfl28. Brod;, 1939. Walford, 1931. 1!!37. Clemens and Wilby. 1946. Whitehead, 1929. Cooper, 1863. Distribution correlatecl with water temperature Cowan, 1938. Talmyama and Ando, 1934. Cuvier amI Valenciennes. 1831. Uda, 1935a. Eigenmann, 1892. Eggs Eigenmann and Eigen1l1ann. 18!!1. Watanabe, H., 1939. FAO,lfl49. Enemies ]l'ish, 1948. Bennett. 1840. Fowler. 1fl04a, 1923b. 1!'l28, 1flS1, 1f.138, 1944. Exploitation rates Fl"fiser-Bl'unner, 1950. Tauchi,194Oc. Flljitll and Wakiya. 1915. Figured Gilbert and Starks. 1904. Anonymous, 1938. Godsil and Greenhood, 1948. Barnhart, 1936. Griffin, 1927. Clemens lind Wilhy, 1946. Giinther, 1860. 1876. Cooper, 1863. Herre. 1940. Fowler, 1904n. Hildebrand. 1946. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Holder. 1012. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Hubbs, 1928. Griffin, 1927. Imnizumi. 1937. GUnther. 1876. Japanese Bur. Fish.• 1939, 1940. Holder, 1912. Jordan. 1885. Jordan and Evermann, 1905, 1926b.

n~9179·--51----5 52 FISHEtRY BULLEr:r.I:N OF THE, FISH AND' WI'LD'LIFE. S'E'RVICE

Thul111U,8 germo-Continued Th,I1Il1I1.9 yerlno-Continued FignrE'd-Continued Habits Kishinouye, 1015a, 1923. Jordan and Gilbert, 1882. I\:itaham, 1897. Kisbinou~'e, 10~3. Nakamura, 1949. Nakamura, 1940. Uoedel, 1948b. Shapiro, 1948a. Serventy, 1941. Hormones Shapiro, 1948a. 'l'o~'ama et a1., 1041. Tinl;:er, 1944. Ke~'s Walford, 1931, 1937. Brock, 1949. Fishing conditions correlated with area Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Hart and Hollister, 1947. Godsil amI Byers, 1944. Hart et al., 1948. Hildebrand, 1940. Fishing conditions cOl'l'elated with oceanography Jorlllln and Evel·malln. 1026b. Aikawa, 1933. Kishin(lu~'e, 1915a, 1H23. Chiba Pref. Fish. Expt.. Sta., Katsuura Br., 1936, 1941. McCulloch, 1U22. Hart and Hollister. 1947. MeE'k and Hildebrand. 1023. Hart et a1.. 1948. NaImnlUra, 1949. Inanami, 1942d. Oknlla and Mntsubal'll, 1938. Japnnese Bur. Fish., 1939. 1940. Roedel, 1048b. Kagoshillla Pref. Fish. EXjJt. 8ta.. 1927a, 1928b, 1980b, Serventy, 1941. 1930c. 1931b. 1932b, 1932c. 1933b. Soldatov anll Lindberg. 1930. Kanamura and Yazaki, 1940b. Taralletz, 1937. Ximura. 1942a, 1949. Walford, 1931. 1937. Mie Pref. Fish. Expt. Stu., 1930c, 1930e. Measurement data Nakamurtl, 1949. Aikawa anll Kato. 1938. Sasal;:i. 1939b. Anon~'mous, 1938. Scagel,1949. Brock, 1943. Shalliro, 1948a. Godsil, 1948. Tnlmy:nna and Ando, 1934. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Uua.1940c. Ikebe, HJ4Oc. Uua amI Tokunaga, W37. Japanese Bur. Fish., 1939, 1940. Fishing conditions correlate,l with season Kanamura and Yazald, 1!l40b. Hart et a1., 1948. Olta Pref. Fish. Expt. Stu., 1925, 1927a. Fishing grounds correlated with oceanography South Seas GOYt.- 'Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1943a. Soc. Prom. Ocean. I<'ish., 1936. Uno, 1.03Gb. Food Watanabe. H. 1939. Anonymous, 1938. Meristit: characters Asano, 193~1. Clark. 1929. Bennett, 1840. Godsil uud Byers. 1944. Clemens and Wilby, 1~146. Migration Hart and Hollister, 1947. Cohb, 1910. Hart et al., 1948. Kimura, 1942h. JapanesE' Bur. Fish., 1939, 1940. Kishinou~'e, 1923. Jordan and Gilbert, 188111, 1882. K'lchi Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.• 1923b, 1924. Kanamura and Yazaki. 1940b. Nalmmura, 1943, 11)49. Kishinou)'e, 1917b, 1923. Sasaki, 1939b. Kuronullla, 1940. Shapiro, 1948a. Soc. Prom. Ocean. Fish., 1936. Nakamura, 1943, 1949. Walford, 1937. Seagel, 1949. POllUlations Shapiro, 1948a. Brock, 1943. Starks, 1918. Clark, 1929. Starks and Morris. 1907. Godsil, 1948, 1949. Wnlford, 1937. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Watanabe, H., 1939. Tauchi. 1040c. Growth Uda and Tokunaga, 1937. Aikawa and Kato, 1938. ReprOduction Brock, 1943. Brock, 194.3. Kishinouye, 1923. Nakamura, 1943. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC 'fUNAS 53

T1I111lJl.IIS germQ-C(llltinued 7'hll11"llllS IIlClc-e'ol/i-Continued Reproduction-Continued Compared with Kishi/locl.la. t01l0go~ Schaefer, 1048<:. Serventy, 1.941. Soc. Prom. Ocean. Fish.. 1936. Description Walford, 1037. Castelnau, 1872. 'Vntanabe, H., 1939. Jordan and E\"erlllann, 1926b. Sex rlltio MncIeay, 1881. Brod;:, 1943. Roughly, 1916. Sexual maturity Sel"venty, 1941. Anon~'lllous, 1938. Stead, 1908. Clark, 1929. Distribution KllIJamura amI Yazaki. 1040b. Jordan and Evcrlllann, 1926b. Soc. Prom. Oceall. Fish., 1936. Lord,l{I2i. Watanabe, H., 1fJS9. MadNIY, 1881. Si7.e composition McCulloch, 1922. Aikawa and Kato. 1938. Roughly, Ullli. Brock, 1943. Ser¥enty, 10·H, 1947. Hurt et al.. 1948. Stead, 1908. Kimura, 19428. Waite, 1925. Sasaki, 1939b. Whitley, 1047. Scngel, 1949. Figured Tauchi, 1940c. McCulloch, 1922. SurYival rates Roughly, 1916. Tauchi, l{J40c. Serventy, 1941. Srnonymy Habits BoeseDlan, 1947. Roughly, 1916. l!'AO, 1949. Keys Fish, l{14S. Jordan and Evermann, 1926b. Fowler. 1904b. 1928. McCulloch, 1n22. Fl'aser-Brunner, 1950. Serventy, 1941. Griffin, 19:)7. Length-weight relation Giinther, 1860, 1876. Serventy, 1041. .Jordan and Evermalln. 1896. 1905, 1926b. l\rigratlon Jordan and Gilbert, 1882. Serventy, 1941. Jordan and Hubbs, 1925. ReprOduction Jordan, Tanaka, and Sn~'der, 1913. Serventy, 1941. Kishinou~'e, 1923. Size composition MI:Culloch, 1022. Servenn', 1041,1947. Meek and Hildebrand, 1923. Synonymy NakamurH. 1939b. 1949. Jordan and Evermanll. 1926b. Phillipps, 1927b. McCulloch, 1922. Schultz and D...Lac~'. 1.036. 1.'11.1/.1/./1118 m.CI<{·ropterU8. See NcoUwmw8 JlworoptCl'lt8. Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Tanaka, 1931. T1/.n/1.1I//8 11l(/·oul.a·tus Uh'e~' and Greeley, 1928. Distribution ~rngging Holder, 1912. Scagel, 1949. Figured Young Holder, 1912. Kishinouye, 1917b, 1910b. 1923. 7'1I111I1I-1IS mcbachi. See Parat1/.ll1ln//8 lnebac1l.i. Liitken, 1880. 1.'lul/mlls nicol.sO:/1.i Schaefer, 1948c. Compared with l\:;'.~h;'/l.f)l;ll(/. fo/1.YOoZ 7'lll!nnll.~ mcwcQ,.;,. See 7'11,11/1/1118 mcwcoyi. Serventy, 1942b. 7'11 HIm 118 ma('COl/;' 7'1I1I1Inl/s Ob138I1S. See nl>.;o PlI,rafhtt1l1W8 IIIcbac1l-i and Para­ Catch pel' unit of effort thll1l4MtB sibi. Serventy, 1.047. CIas:>ifica tion ClaSSification Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Roughly, 1916.. Description Common names Fraser-Brunn('l·. 1!J50. Serventy, 11.141. Distribution Whitley. 1947. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. 54 FISHERY BULLErI'IN OF THE· FISH AND' WILD'LI:FE S:E'RVICE

Thlil/I/.IIS obesus-Continue

T1Lwlnlls orcntalis-Continued ']'IIUII1/.//S oJ'ontnlis-Continued Hormones Kers Migita and Al'ilkllwu. 1948. .Tordnn nnd Evermann. 1926b. Ke~'s Synonymy Brock. 1049. Phillipps, 1027b. Jordan and Evermann. 19~Gb. 'l'l/.l/"l/.JI.H.~ phillipsi. See iz'h/tJl.nlM phillipps;'. Kishinouye, 1915a, 192:3­ Tl/.l1ll/Hts 1·a·1·1IS. See Neothu1l1Ut8 rants. Nakalllura, 1949. 'l'hl/1I-1lU8 8/1liens Olmda and Mntsnbnrn, tu3S. COllllllon nillIll:!S Measurement data Crl~ig, 1929. Aikawa and Kato, 1938. Description Higashi. 1940a. J/lrdnn and E\"t'rmann, 1926b. r'ita Pref. Fish. Expt. Stu., 1927a, 1930. Distribution I\Iigration Jordan amI Evermallll. Hl::!6b. Kimuru, 19-12b. Uh·e~'. 1!)::!!). Kishinouy.e. lfl23. Figured Kuchi Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1924­ Jordan and E"el'llJnnn. 1026b. Nukamura, 1943, 1949. Keys Shapiro, 1948n. Jordan and E"ermann, 1926b. Populations ThUll-nus sohlcgcU. See Tl/'l/1/.lIU8 Q1'ictlta1is. Tauchi. 1940a. ThutlJl.ll8 tlwnn;'IUI. See ElI-t1llmtl1t.~ a.llctfcratl/·8. Rel'roduction 'l'1111mM/8 thtl1l-1l.1I8. See Thunll1l·8 thynll:1t8. Hn tai et a I.. 1941. Tl/.Un.Jl1I8 thyml1t8 Kishinouye, 1915a; 1923. Anatomy Naknmura. 1!l38, 1030b, 1943. 1949. Fish. 1948. Soc. Prom. Ocean. Fish., 1936. Godsil and Byers. 1944. SexuallllRturity Kishinouye, 1fI21. Hntai et aI., 1941. Catch per unit of effort Nakamuru. 1!l38. Wbitehead, 1f131. Size composition . Cbemicul analysis Ailmwa ull(l Knto, 1938. Dill,1921. .Kawana, 1934. Classification Kimura, 1932, 1035. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Mine and Iehisa, 1940. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Tauchi, 1040a. Roedel, 1948b. Survival rates Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Tanchi. 1040a. Taranetz. 1937.. Synonymy Walford,1931. Bo£>semall. 1047. Whitebead. 1931. Fowler, 1934. Common nnmes Jorrlan and Evel'mann. 1926b. Bal'nhnrt. 1936. Jordnn amI Hubbs. 1925. FAO,1949. Kishinou~'e. 1!l23. Fisb,1948. Nalmmurll. 1039b. 1949. Jordan and Evel·mann. 1896. Richardson, 1846. Jor(lan. Tallnlw, nncl Sn~'der, 1913. 'l'agging Roedel, 1948b. Knwanll. 1934. Schultz, 1949. Young Starks and Morris. 1007. Kishinouye. 1019b, 1923. 'l'inker, 1944. ~1'1l.1I111J.ltS p1l.illill1Jsi Ulrey and Greele~', 19::!8. Clnssificatinn Walford, 1031. 1937. . Phillipps. 1927b. Compared with Ncoth·1I.1l1l-118 'macI'Opt6'l'-It8 Common numes 'l'hompson and Higgins, 1919. Phillipps. 1927b. Compared with 'l'hU1Mtl/8 01·;.cntali8 Description Kishillouye. 1fJ21. Jordan and E,·ermann. 1926b. Soe. Prom. Ocenn. Fish., 1936. Distribution Tinker, 1044. .Jordan and Ewrmann, 1926b. Description Phillipps. 1927b. Barnhart. 1936. Figured Fowler, 1928, 1944. .Jordan Rnd E,-erlURnn, 1021:ib. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. 56 FISHERY BULLErI'm OF THE, FISH AND WrLD'LIiFE. SERVICE

1'11111111118 t1l.ymw8-Continued T1I.,wnl/8 t1lYlllw8-Continued Description-Continued Figured-Continued Godsil and Byers, 1944. Walford, 1931, 1937. GUnther, 1876. Whitehead, 1031. Meek and Hildebrnnd, 1923. Fishing conditions correlated with oceanography . Roedel, 1948b. Ki~la, 1936. SoldntoY and Lindberg, 1930. Fooll Stal'ks, 1918. Tinkel', 1044. Stead, 1906. Walford, 1937. Tinker, 1944. Habits Walford, 1031, 1937. I\ida, 1936. Distribution Uchida, 1923. Abe, 1039. Keys Burnhart, 1936. Brock, 1949. Brock, 1935. Frnser-Bl'llllner, ]950. FAO, 1949. Godsil and B~'ers. 1944. Fish,1948. Hildebrand, 1946. Fowlel', 1923a, 1923b, 1928, 1929, 1931, 1934, 1938, Meek amI Hildebrand, 1923. . 1944. Roedel, 1948b. Fraser-Brunner. 1950. Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Gilbert and Starks, 1904. Taranetz, 1937. GUnther, 1876. Walford, 1031, 1937. Herre, 1936, 1940. Measurement datil Hildebrand, 194.6. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Holder, 1912. Uda, 1032. Jordan and Evermann, 1896. Meristic characters Jordan and Jordan, 1022. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Jordan, Tanaka, and Snyder, 1913. :Migration Meek and Hiluebrand, 1923. Whitehead, 1931. Metz,1912. Populations Roedel, 1948b. Gousil and Byers, .1944. Schultz, 1949. Repl'oduction Schultz und DeLacey, 1936. Tinker, 1944. Soldatov, 1929. Walford, 1937. Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Whitehead, 1931. Starl;:s, 1918. Size composition Sturks and Morris, 1907. Kida, 1936. Stead, 1906. Synonymy Tanaka, 1931. FAO,1949. Taranetz, 1937. Fish,1948. Tinker, 1044. Fowler, 1928, 1934, 1944. Ulrey, 1929. Frasel'-Brunner, 1950. Ulrey and Greeley, 1928. GUnther, 1876. Waite, 1921. Herre, 1936. Walford, 1931, 1937. Jordan and Evermann, 1896. Whitehead, 1929, 1931. Jordan, Tanaka, and Snyder, 1913. Distribution correlated with water temperature Meek and Hildebrand, H123. Uda,1935a. Schultz, 1949. Enemies Schultz and DeLac~', 1936. Tinker, 1944. Soldato.v and Lindberg, 1930. Walford, 1937. Tanalm, 1931. Figured Ulrey and Greeley, 1928. Barnhart, 1936. Waite, 1021. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. Godsil and Byers, 1944. Thltnn1l8 tonyyol Holder, 1912. Classification Kitahara, 1897. Frnser-Brunner, 1950. Roedel, 1948b. Compared with KisMnoell.a t01J,yyor Soldatov and Lindberg, 1930. Serventy, 1942b. Starks, 1918. Description Tinker, 1944. Bleeker, 1852. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON PACIFIC TUNAS 57

Thulll1U8 tonuual-Continued Tuna-Continued Description-Continued Common names-Continued l!'l'aser-Brnnner, 1950. Englisll--Continueel Giinther, 1860. 'l'anaka, HJ12. Distribution Tinker, 1944. Bleeker, 1852, 1861b. Ulrey llIlll Greele~', 1928. Fraser-Brullnel', 1950. Walford, 1931, 1937. Giinther, 1860. European Figured KllIllata et aI., 1941. Fraser-Brunll"'l', 1950. Tinker, 1944.. Ser\"enty, 1942h. HllwuHan Keys Jorllan and Eyermann, 1905. Fraser-Brunner, 1950. JOl'dan anel Jorelan, 1922. S~'nonymy . Smith, 1947. Bleekel', 1852. Tinker, 1944. Fraser-Brnnner, 1!)50. Indo-Chinese Giinther, 1860. Che\"ey, 1932a. ThUl11/.U8 zaca.l1es. See Kishinoella zaca1.1.eB. Japanese Thl/nnu8. See Th//"I/I/idae. Fish, 1948. Th-ymw8 af{f;nis. See But/I1mI1ll8 allef.tcratIt8. Fujita anll Wakiya, 1!l15. Th!nmu,s a1.a·1.ollua. See also Thlli/mia uonno. Jordun and E\"el'mllnn, 1926b. Compared with Th!/"Iu/"IIS 8i/)·i Jordan and Hubbs. 1925. Temminck and Schlegel, 1850. Jorclan and Metz, ulla. Thl/lIl/"11B uer11/0. See Tll'u1I"I/"II8 uermo. Jordan and Snydel·. 1001. Thyll.l1.-//-8 11/aCCO!li. See T//.IlnmiS maccoyi. Jordan, Tnnaka, and Sn~'der, 1913. Tllynllll8 macroptert18. See N eOOI1lI/7I/l1l mac)·optertl8. Kishinouye, 1915a. 1!)23. ThYl1l1118 orienlllUs. Slle Thu'/I'IW8 oriel/laU.9. Kumatn et aI., 1fI41. 'l'h1mnll·8 pacificlls. See Th//nllus yermo. Nak:lmurn, 193tlIJ, 1943, 1949. ' Th'/llIllll8 pe1.am1/8. See Kat8·//·/t'01H18 pdamill. Olmlla nnd MatSUbara, 19.'38. Thynnu8 sibi. See Pa1"Otlwnlllt8 8illi: also TlmnntUI Shall!L'o, 1948a. oermo. Tanaka. 1912. Th-ynml8 tlumil/a. See Butll'lmml8 a·Uellerat//8. Tinkel', 1944. T11.J/mws th·unnina·. See Eut"'/1lI111IS (llI-eHen/tu8. ' Tominaga, 1043. Thyn,llu-8 thynnu8. See 'l'hmmll8 thY"/lnll8. Malayan 'l'1Iymll/8 tOI/[lUo1.. See Thlml/./18 t0l1{1g01.. Delsman and Hardenlmrg, 1934­ '.rides. See also Oceanographic conclitrons. Kumata et aI., 1941. Correlated with fishing Maori 1'akao Provo Fish. Expt. Sta., 1927. Phillipps, 1927b. Transparency, water. See Water transparency; also Micronesian Oceanographic conditions. Smith, 1947. Tun:l New Zealand Bibliograph~' Phillipl)S, 1927b. Corwin, 1930. Peruvian Chemical analysis Nichols and Murphy, 1922. Kodama, Iizuka, and Harada, 1934. Pllilippine Toliliyama, 1933. Herre and Umuli, 1948. Common names Ryukyuan Austl'alian Shapiro, 1948b. Servent~', 1941. Venezuelan Whitle~', 194.7. Schultz, 1949. l<~nglish Worldwide Bnrnhart, 1936. FAO, 1949. Craig, 1929. Distribution Fish, 1948. Hasegawa, 1937. Hene Ilnd Umnli. 1948. South Seas GO\·t.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1937b, 1941a. Jorclan a'ml En'rmann, 1896. Food Kllmata et ai., 1041. Kishinou~'e, 1895, 1915a. Nichols and LaMonte, 1941. Habits Roedel, 1948b. Kishinou~'e; 1915a. Schultz, Hl49. Measuremellt data Starks and Morris, 1907. Kodama, IiZlllw, and Harada, 1934. 58 FISHE'RY BULLE-T:IN OF THE- FISH AN,D' WILDLI:FE, SERVICE

H'I//ukrcr 'lVt.l1Us;' Vi'nter-ContiIJueel Clnssification Telllpernture--Cont.inued Whitler, U137. Corrdated with fishing co'Jll(litions--Continued Compared with E-/Ithyml'/IS alUtterat1t8 Uehara, 1941. Whitley, 1937. Yabe llml Mori, 1948. Compared with ]jJ·/I·thY'll'll'll8 1!a.ito Tl"anSparency correlate,l with fishing Wllit1ey, 1937. Innnami, 1942a. Des"ription .Tnpanese Bur. v'ish., 1934. Whitley, 1937. Weather Correlnted with fishing Food Whitley, 1937. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Stu., 1933n. Himtsuka and Imaizullli. 1934. Synonymy Hirntsuka and Ito, 1934. Whitler, 1937. Iehisa, 1939. 'Vater. See also Oceanographic conditions. Kallll1UUra anel Imaizumi, 1935. Color correlated with fishing' Oita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1930. Inanami, 1940c. Oldnawa Pref. Fish. Expt. Stn.• 1940a, 1943. Taihoku Provo Fish. Expt. Sta., 1929, 1932. Okuma, Imaizumi, and Maki, 1935. Tp.n,penlture Taihoku Provo Fish. E),,-pt. Sta., 10270, 1927b. Correlated with body temperature Ul1n llnel Watanabe, 1038. Nnlwmura, 1941. llita Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.• 1927a, 1930. Yellow-finned tuna. See Neotll1/nmls 1JWCroptcru8. COl'l'e-Iated with (listribution Young Takayama and Amlo. 1934. As food of tunas Talm~'aIlla, Ikeda, and Andn, 1934. Eckles, 1949b. Correlated with fishing conditions Klshiuou~'e, 1917b. Aikawa, 1933. Marukllwa, 1939. Chilm Pref. J!"ish. Expt. Sta., KntslUll'a Bl·., 1936, Description 1937, 1938, 1941. Delslllan, 1931. Formosa Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1930, 1931, Delsman anel HarrlenbUl'g. 1934. 1982, 1933b. 1934. Eckles, 1949b. Fukuda and Iizuka, 1940a. Glinther, 1889. Hal·t and Hollister, 1947. Kagosllinlll Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.• 1926a, 1927b. Hart et al., 1948. KislJinouye, 1019b, H I2H, H124. 1926. Iehisa, 1039. LUtken, 1880. Inanami, 1941, 1942d. Marl', 1948. Japanese Bur. Fish., 11:134, 1939,1940. Schaefer and Man, 1\)48a, 1948b. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. E~"'Pt. Sta., 1925, 1026a, Wade, 1949. 1!l26b, 1927a, 1927b, 1928a, 1928b, 192011, 1929b, Figured 1930a, 1930b, 193Oc, 1931a, 1931b, 1932a, 1932b, Eckles, 1949b. 1!:132c, 1933n, 1933b, 1935, H186a, 1937. GUnther, 18S9. Kannmura and Yazaki, 1940a. Kishinou~'e, 1919h. 1923, 1926. Kawana, 1937. Liitken, 1880. Kida, 1936. Sehnefer and MlIl'1', 194811, 1948b. Kimura, 1941, 1942a, 1949. WtHle, 1940. Kimura and Ishii, 1933. Records of capture KUlllnllloto Pref. Fish. I<:Xllt. Sta., 1946. Delsman, 1931. MilO' Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1fJ:10a, 1930b, 1930c, Delsman and Hnrl1enburg, 1934. 1930d, 1980e. Ecliles, 1949b. Okinawa Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta., 1940a, 1\)40b, UJ43. Giinther, 1889. 111ll01'i and.Fujimoto, 1!)40. Hatai et aI., 1fl41. lJlllori and Fukuda, HI3S. H140. Inanami, 1fl42c. Sasaki, 1939a, 1939b. Kagoshima Pref. Fish. Expt. Sta.. 1926a, 1927b. Shizuolm Pref. Fish. Expt. ::;ta., 1036, 1037. Kisllinou~'e, 1019b, 1n2:3. 1924, 1920. Sonth Seas Govt.-Gen. Fish. Expt. Sta., H)42, 1943b. LUtken, 1880. Tnihoku Provo Fish. Expt. Sta., 1929, 1932. Man, 1948. Tnkayama and Ando, 1934. . Schaefer, 1948c. 'l'nkarallla, Ikeda, and Ando, 1934. Schaefer and Marl', 1948a, 1948b. U,la, Hl35a. H135b, 1936, 1938, 1939, 1940b, 194Oc. Wade. 1!J49. Uela llnd Tolmnaga, 1937. Yabe and !\:Iori, 1948. o