Tion and Characterization of Novel Serine Proteases in the Bark Beetle Tomicus Yunnanensis

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Tion and Characterization of Novel Serine Proteases in the Bark Beetle Tomicus Yunnanensis D. Fco J. Sánchez García T E S I S D UNIVERSIDAD DE MURCIA O C FACULTAD DE BIOLOGÍA T O R A L Phylogeography, genomics and biosemiotics of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) Filogeografía, genómica y biosemiótica de escarabajos de corteza (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) 2015 D. Francisco Javier Sánchez García 2015 D. Fco J. Sánchez García T E S I S D UNIVERSIDAD DE MURCIA O C FACULTAD DE BIOLOGÍA T O R A L Phylogeography, genomics and biosemiotics of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) Filogeografía, genómica y biosemiótica de escarabajos de corteza (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) 2015 D. Francisco Javier Sánchez García 2015 Supervised by: José Galián Albaladejo Diego Gallego Cambronero Vilmar Machado 1 Table of contents 1 RESUMEN GENERAL.............................................................................................................1 1.1 INTRODUCIÓN............................................................................................................................................2 1.2 OBJECTIVOS..............................................................................................................................................4 1.3 METODOLOGÍA..........................................................................................................................................5 1.4 RESULTADOS.............................................................................................................................................6 2 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................10 2.1 TAXONOMY OF THE GENUS TOMICUS............................................................................................................11 2.1.1 Tomicus destruens....................................................................................................................13 2.1.2 Tomicus yunnanensis................................................................................................................14 2.2 SERINE PROTEASES...................................................................................................................................15 2.3 NON-CODING RNA TYPES AND FUNCTIONS...................................................................................................16 2.4 MICRORNAS.........................................................................................................................................17 2.5 NICHE THEORY AND MODELLING..................................................................................................................18 2.5.1 The importance of niche in the delimitation of intraspecific and interspecific entities............19 2.6 BIOSEMIOTICS.........................................................................................................................................19 2.7 REFERENCES...........................................................................................................................................21 3 PLANNING, OBJECTIVES AND HYPOTHESES.............................................................31 3.1 CHAPTER 1. DISTRIBUTION OF TOMICUS DESTRUENS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTINAE) MITOCHONDRIAL LINEAGES: PHYLOGEOGRAPHIC INSIGHTS AND NICHE MODELLING......................................................................................33 3.2 CHAPTER 2. IN SILICO PREDICTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICRORNAS FROM THE BARK BEETLE TOMICUS YUNNANENSIS AND VALIDATION IN T. DESTRUENS (COLEOPTERA, SCOLYTINAE)..................................................33 3.3 CHAPTER 3. TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS AND IN SILICO IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SERINE PROTEASES IN THE BARK BEETLE TOMICUS YUNNANENSIS...................................................................................................34 3.4 CHAPTER 4. APPLYING ECO-FIELD AND THE GENERAL THEORY OF RESOURCES TO BARK BEETLES: BEYOND THE NICHE CONSTRUCTION THEORY..........................................................................................................................35 4 PLANTEAMIENTO HIPÓTESIS Y OBJETIVOS..............................................................37 4.1 CAPÍTULO 1. DISTRIBUCIÓN DE LINAJES MITOCONDRIALES DE TOMICUS DESTRUENS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTINAE): ENFOQUE FILOGEOGRÁFICO Y MODELADO DE NICHO........................................................................................39 4.2 CAPÍTULO 2. PREDICCIÓN IN SILICO Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE MICRORNAS DEL ESCARABAJO DE CORTEZA TOMICUS YUNNANENSIS Y VALIDACIÓN EN T. DESTRUENS (COLEOPTERA, SCOLYTINAE).....................................................39 4.3 CAPÍTULO 3. ANÁLISIS IN SILICO DEL TRANSCRIPTOMA Y IDENTIFICACIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE PROTEASAS DE SERINA EN EL ESCARABAJO DE LA CORTEZA TOMICUS YUNNANENSIS............................................................................40 4.4 CHAPTER 4. APPLYING ECO-FIELD AND THE GENERAL THEORY OF RESOURCES TO BARK BEETLES: BEYOND THE NICHE CONSTRUCTION THEORY..........................................................................................................................41 5 RESÚMENES...........................................................................................................................44 5.1 CAPÍTULO 1. DISTRIBUCIÓN DE LINAJES MITOCONDRIALES DE TOMICUS DESTRUENS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTINAE): ENFOQUE FILOGEOGRÁFICO Y MODELADO DE NICHO........................................................................................45 5.2 CAPÍTULO 2. PREDICCIÓN IN SILICO Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE MICRORNAS DEL ESCARABAJO DE CORTEZA TOMICUS YUNNANENSIS Y VALIDACIÓN EN T. DESTRUENS (COLEOPTERA, SCOLYTINAE)......................................................47 5.3 CAPÍTULO 3. ANÁLISIS IN SILICO DEL TRANSCRIPTOMA Y IDENTIFICACIÓN Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE PROTEASAS DE SERINA EN EL ESCARABAJO DE CORTEZA TOMICUS YUNNANENSIS..................................................................................49 5.4 CAPÍTULO 4. APLICANDO EL ECO-FIELD Y LA TEORÍA GENERAL DE RECURSOS A LOS ESCARABAJOS DE CORTEZA: MÁS ALLÁ DE LA TEORÍA DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE NICHO...................................................................................51 6 CHAPTER 1..............................................................................................................................53 6.1 ABSTRACT..............................................................................................................................................55 6.2 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................56 6.3 METHODS...............................................................................................................................................58 6.4 RESULTS.................................................................................................................................................63 6.5 DISCUSSION............................................................................................................................................72 7 CHAPTER 2..............................................................................................................................97 7.1 ABSTRACT..............................................................................................................................................99 7.2 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................99 7.3 MATERIALS AND METHODS......................................................................................................................101 7.4 RESULTS...............................................................................................................................................105 7.5 DISCUSSION..........................................................................................................................................110 8 CHAPTER 3...........................................................................................................................121 8.1 ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................................124 8.2 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................124 8.3 MATERIALS AND METHODS.......................................................................................................................126 8.4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION.......................................................................................................................128 8.5 FINAL REMARKS.....................................................................................................................................137 9 CHAPTER 4............................................................................................................................145 9.1 ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................................147 9.2 INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................................147 9.3 ECO-FIELD OF HOST SEARCH AND MATING IN BARK BEETLES. TRIADICS OF EAVESDROPPING EACH OTHER.................151 9.4 SEMIOTIC NICHE AND THE ROLE OF ECO-FIELD..............................................................................................156
Recommended publications
  • Ecology of Mite Phoresy on Mountain Pine Beetles
    University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2018-05-04 Ecology of Mite Phoresy on Mountain Pine Beetles Peralta Vázquez, Guadalupe Haydeé Guadalupe Haydeé Peralta Vázquez, A. A. (2018). Ecology of Mite Phoresy on Mountain Pine Beetles (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/31904 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/106622 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Ecology of Mite Phoresy on Mountain Pine Beetles by Guadalupe Haydeé Peralta Vázquez A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES CALGARY, ALBERTA MAY, 2018 © Guadalupe Haydeé Peralta Vázquez 2018 Abstract Phoresy, a commensal interaction where smaller organisms utilize dispersive hosts for transmission to new habitats, is expected to produce positive effects for symbionts and no effects for hosts, yet negative and positive effects have been documented. This poses the question of whether phoresy is indeed a commensal interaction and demands clarification. In bark beetles (Scolytinae), both effects are documented during reproduction and effects on hosts during the actual dispersal are largely unknown. In the present research, I investigated the ecological mechanisms that determine the net effects of the phoresy observed in mites and mountain pine beetles (MPB), Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins.
    [Show full text]
  • Population Genetic Structure of Tomicus Piniperda L. (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) on Different Pine Species and Validation of T
    MEC_1460.fm Page 483 Thursday, February 21, 2002 10:00 AM Molecular Ecology (2002) 11, 483–494 PopulationBlackwell Science Ltd genetic structure of Tomicus piniperda L. (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) on different pine species and validation of T. destruens (Woll.) CAROLE KERDELHUÉ,* GÉRALDINE ROUX-MORABITO,† JULIEN FORICHON,* JEAN-MICHEL CHAMBON,* ANNELAURE ROBERT* and FRANÇOIS LIEUTIER*† *INRA, Laboratoire de Zoologie forestière, Route de la Pomme de Pin, BP 20619 Ardon, F-45166 Olivet cedex, France, †Université d’Orléans, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux, BP 6759 F-45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France Abstract Genetic diversity and population structure of Tomicus piniperda was assessed using mito- chondrial sequences on 16 populations sampled on 6 pine species in France. Amplifications of Internal transcribed space 1 (ITS1) were also performed. Our goals were to determine the taxonomic status of the Mediterranean ecotype T. piniperda destruens, and to test for host plant or geographical isolation effect on population genetic structure. We showed that T. piniperda clusters in two mtDNA haplotypic groups. Clade A corresponds to insects sam- pled in continental France on Pinus sylvestris, P. pinaster and P. uncinata, whereas clade B gathers the individuals sampled in Corsica on P. pinaster and P. radiata and in continental France on P. pinea and P. halepensis. Insects belonging to clade A and clade B also consist- ently differ in the length of ITS1. Individuals belonging to both clades were found once in sympatry on P. pinaster. Genetic distances between clades are similar to those measured between distinct species of Tomicus. We concluded that clade B actually corresponds to the destruens ecotype and forms a good species, T.
    [Show full text]
  • Three New Species of Pristionchus (Nematoda: Diplogastridae) Show
    bs_bs_banner Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2013, 168, 671–698. With 14 figures Three new species of Pristionchus (Nematoda: Diplogastridae) show morphological divergence through evolutionary intermediates of a novel feeding-structure polymorphism ERIK J. RAGSDALE1†, NATSUMI KANZAKI2†, WALTRAUD RÖSELER1, MATTHIAS HERRMANN1 and RALF J. SOMMER1* 1Department of Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Spemannstraße 37, Tübingen, Germany 2Forest Pathology Laboratory, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan Received 13 February 2013; revised 26 March 2013; accepted for publication 28 March 2013 Developmental plasticity is often correlated with diversity and has been proposed as a facilitator of phenotypic novelty. Yet how a dimorphism arises or how additional morphs are added is not understood, and few systems provide experimental insight into the evolution of polyphenisms. Because plasticity correlates with structural diversity in Pristionchus nematodes, studies in this group can test the role of plasticity in facilitating novelty. Here, we describe three new species, Pristionchus fukushimae sp. nov., Pristionchus hoplostomus sp. nov., and the hermaphroditic Pristionchus triformis sp. nov., which are characterized by a novel polymorphism in their mouthparts. In addition to showing the canonical mouth dimorphism of diplogastrid nematodes, comprising a stenostomatous (‘narrow-mouthed’) and a eurystomatous (‘wide-mouthed’) form, the new species exhibit forms with six, 12, or intermediate numbers of cheilostomatal plates. Correlated with this polymorphism is another trait that varies among species: whereas divisions between plates are complete in P. triformis sp. nov., which is biased towards a novel ‘megastomatous’ form comprising 12 complete plates, the homologous divisions in the other new species are partial and of variable length.
    [Show full text]
  • Developmental Plasticity, Ecology, and Evolutionary Radiation of Nematodes of Diplogastridae
    Developmental Plasticity, Ecology, and Evolutionary Radiation of Nematodes of Diplogastridae Dissertation der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) vorgelegt von Vladislav Susoy aus Berezniki, Russland Tübingen 2015 Gedruckt mit Genehmigung der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen. Tag der mündlichen Qualifikation: 5 November 2015 Dekan: Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Rosenstiel 1. Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Ralf J. Sommer 2. Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Heinz-R. Köhler 3. Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Hinrich Schulenburg Acknowledgements I am deeply appreciative of the many people who have supported my work. First and foremost, I would like to thank my advisors, Professor Ralf J. Sommer and Dr. Matthias Herrmann for giving me the opportunity to pursue various research projects as well as for their insightful scientific advice, support, and encouragement. I am also very grateful to Matthias for introducing me to nematology and for doing an excellent job of organizing fieldwork in Germany, Arizona and on La Réunion. I would like to thank the members of my examination committee: Professor Heinz-R. Köhler and Professor Hinrich Schulenburg for evaluating this dissertation and Dr. Felicity Jones, Professor Karl Forchhammer, and Professor Rolf Reuter for being my examiners. I consider myself fortunate for having had Dr. Erik J. Ragsdale as a colleague for several years, and more than that to count him as a friend. We have had exciting collaborations and great discussions and I would like to thank you, Erik, for your attention, inspiration, and thoughtful feedback. I also want to thank Erik and Orlando de Lange for reading over drafts of this dissertation and spelling out some nuances of English writing.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting
    SURVEY AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF NEMATODES ASSOCIATED AS EXTERNAL EPIBIONTS ON THE FLORIDA MANATEE, TRICHECHUS MANATUS LATIROSTRIS By RAFAEL A. GONZALEZ A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2020 © 2020 Rafael A. Gonzalez To my Mother and Father, thank you for believing in me ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank my parents Mario and Linda Gonzalez for their patience and support throughout my life. I also thank my committee members Robin Giblin-Davis, William H. Kern Jr., and Natsumi Kanzaki for their support, guidance, and patience during this work. Thanks are owed to Cathy Beck, Bob Bonde, and Susan Butler for allowing me to participate in the health assessment manatee capture events and for their advice about how to keep both myself and the animals safe from harm. I would also like to thank Seemanti Chakrabarti, Ulrich Stingl, and Brian Bahder for their valuable advice during this work. Lastly I thank my wife, Tina Fregeolle-Gonzalez for her love and support. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. 4 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ 6 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 7 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • 2000 Thegreatlakesentomologist 9 ' '"
    k . - ............ .......... r ............... \ LJI _ !1 ..... It J.,_ 2000 THEGREATLAKESENTOMOLOGIST 9 ' '" i TOMICUS PINIPERDA (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)" IS SHOOT-FEEDING REQUIRED FOR REPRODUCTIVEMATURATION? • .... ThefeseM. Polandand RobertA. Haack1 ..............._•_• . • ,_ • • (,i_._._, ......_ ,_ . ABSTRACT _:,_.........;_ :.., 2? The pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), is a :::__:.......J • univoltine pest of pine in its native range of Europe and Asia. Tomicus _ _::'_•'_(" piniperda is now widely established in the Great Lakes region and poses a potentially significant threat to other pine-producing areas in North Amer- , _ ica. An unusual aspect of the life history of T piniperda is the extended pe- . , riod of maturation-feeding that takes place in the shoots of living pine trees . - and subsequent overwintering before adults reproduce the following year. We _:_.: +" investigated the extent to Which shoot-feeding is required by newly-emerged " T piniperda before introduction into Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris) logs and , .. • before any overwintering, in order for successful reproduction to occur. Tomi- • cus piniperda F1 adults successfully reproduced in pine logs in the laboratory after either no shoot-feeding or after 2 to 10 weeks of shoot-feeding. Thus, it .... -• is theoretically possible for T piniperda to be multivoltine, yet it remains ° -_- , _- univoltine.. .... ," • 4,;. ,+ . The pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda (L.) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), is ...... a pest of pine, Pinus app., in Europe, Asia, and parts of northern Africa (L_ngstrSm and Hellqvist 1991, Ye 1997). Established populations of T , ::::_;:_... • piniperda in North.America were first discovered in Ohio in 1992 (Haack et ...
    [Show full text]
  • Hylobius Abietis
    On the cover: Stand of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) in Ottawa National Forest, Michigan. The image was modified from a photograph taken by Joseph O’Brien, USDA Forest Service. Inset: Cone from red pine (Pinus resinosa). The image was modified from a photograph taken by Paul Wray, Iowa State University. Both photographs were provided by Forestry Images (www.forestryimages.org). Edited by: R.C. Venette Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, St. Paul, MN The authors gratefully acknowledge partial funding provided by USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Center for Plant Health Science and Technology. Contributing authors E.M. Albrecht, E.E. Davis, and A.J. Walter are with the Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN. Table of Contents Introduction......................................................................................................2 ARTHROPODS: BEETLES..................................................................................4 Chlorophorus strobilicola ...............................................................................5 Dendroctonus micans ...................................................................................11 Hylobius abietis .............................................................................................22 Hylurgops palliatus........................................................................................36 Hylurgus ligniperda .......................................................................................46
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity and Coarse Woody Debris in Southern Forests Proceedings of the Workshop on Coarse Woody Debris in Southern Forests: Effects on Biodiversity
    Biodiversity and Coarse woody Debris in Southern Forests Proceedings of the Workshop on Coarse Woody Debris in Southern Forests: Effects on Biodiversity Athens, GA - October 18-20,1993 Biodiversity and Coarse Woody Debris in Southern Forests Proceedings of the Workhop on Coarse Woody Debris in Southern Forests: Effects on Biodiversity Athens, GA October 18-20,1993 Editors: James W. McMinn, USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Athens, GA, and D.A. Crossley, Jr., University of Georgia, Athens, GA Sponsored by: U.S. Department of Energy, Savannah River Site, and the USDA Forest Service, Savannah River Forest Station, Biodiversity Program, Aiken, SC Conducted by: USDA Forest Service, Southem Research Station, Asheville, NC, and University of Georgia, Institute of Ecology, Athens, GA Preface James W. McMinn and D. A. Crossley, Jr. Conservation of biodiversity is emerging as a major goal in The effects of CWD on biodiversity depend upon the management of forest ecosystems. The implied harvesting variables, distribution, and dynamics. This objective is the conservation of a full complement of native proceedings addresses the current state of knowledge about species and communities within the forest ecosystem. the influences of CWD on the biodiversity of various Effective implementation of conservation measures will groups of biota. Research priorities are identified for future require a broader knowledge of the dimensions of studies that should provide a basis for the conservation of biodiversity, the contributions of various ecosystem biodiversity when interacting with appropriate management components to those dimensions, and the impact of techniques. management practices. We thank John Blake, USDA Forest Service, Savannah In a workshop held in Athens, GA, October 18-20, 1993, River Forest Station, for encouragement and support we focused on an ecosystem component, coarse woody throughout the workshop process.
    [Show full text]
  • Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs Volume 11 a Catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae Article 5 (Coleoptera), Part 1: Bibliography
    Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs Volume 11 A Catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae Article 5 (Coleoptera), Part 1: Bibliography 1-1-1987 I–L Stephen L. Wood Life Science Museum and Department of Zoology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602 Donald E. Bright Jr. Biosystematics Research Centre, Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 51A 0C6 Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbnm Part of the Anatomy Commons, Botany Commons, Physiology Commons, and the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Wood, Stephen L. and Bright, Donald E. Jr. (1987) "I–L," Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs: Vol. 11 , Article 5. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbnm/vol11/iss1/5 This Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. 280 Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs No. 11 lABLOKOFF, ARHl'R KHINDZOHIAN. 1953. Les plantations in stem pests nidus]. Lesovedenie 1975(6):27—36. de pin sylvestre et la migration des xylophages. (ec). Revue Forestiere Francaise 5(5):321-327. (ee ds). Ifju. G . P C Ferguson, and R. G Oderwald. 1977. IabloKOFF-KhnzoRIAN. S. M. 1961. Experiments in es- Pulping and papermaking properties of southern tablishing the genesis of the larva of Coleoptera of pine harvested from beetle-infested forests. Pages Armenia [In Russian]. Akademiia Nauk Armian- 164-176. TAPPI Forest Biology and Wood Chem- skoi SSR, Zoologicheski Institut. 266 p.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Natural Enemies of Beetles in the Subtribe Diabroticina (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Implications for Sustainable Pest Management S
    This article was downloaded by: [USDA National Agricultural Library] On: 13 May 2009 Access details: Access Details: [subscription number 908592637] Publisher Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Biocontrol Science and Technology Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713409232 A review of the natural enemies of beetles in the subtribe Diabroticina (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): implications for sustainable pest management S. Toepfer a; T. Haye a; M. Erlandson b; M. Goettel c; J. G. Lundgren d; R. G. Kleespies e; D. C. Weber f; G. Cabrera Walsh g; A. Peters h; R. -U. Ehlers i; H. Strasser j; D. Moore k; S. Keller l; S. Vidal m; U. Kuhlmann a a CABI Europe-Switzerland, Delémont, Switzerland b Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada c Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, Canada d NCARL, USDA-ARS, Brookings, SD, USA e Julius Kühn-Institute, Institute for Biological Control, Darmstadt, Germany f IIBBL, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA g South American USDA-ARS, Buenos Aires, Argentina h e-nema, Schwentinental, Germany i Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany j University of Innsbruck, Austria k CABI, Egham, UK l Agroscope ART, Reckenholz, Switzerland m University of Goettingen, Germany Online Publication Date: 01 January 2009 To cite this Article Toepfer, S., Haye, T., Erlandson, M., Goettel, M., Lundgren, J. G., Kleespies, R. G., Weber, D. C., Walsh, G. Cabrera, Peters, A., Ehlers, R. -U., Strasser, H., Moore, D., Keller, S., Vidal, S.
    [Show full text]
  • Nematode Taxonomic Diversity and Community Structure: Indicators of Environmental Conditions at Keetham Lake, Agra
    NEMATODE TAXONOMIC DIVERSITY AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE: INDICATORS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AT KEETHAM LAKE, AGRA THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN ZOOLOGY BY MALKA MUSTAQIM UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PROF. QUDSIA TAHSEEN DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH-202002 (INDIA) 2017 1 Dedicated to my Beloved Parents and Brothers 2 Qudsia Tahseen, Professor Department of Zoology, PhD, FASc, FNASc Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India Tel: +91 9319624196 E-mail: [email protected] Certificate This is to certify that the entire work presented in the thesis entitled, ‘‘Nematode taxonomic diversity and community structure: indicators of environmental conditions at Keetham Lake, Agra’’ by Ms. Malka Mustaqim is original and was carried out under my supervision. I have permitted Ms. Mustaqim to submit the thesis to Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh for the award of degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Zoology. (Qudsia Tahseen) Supervisor 3 ANNEXURE-Ι CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION I, Malka Mustaqim, Department of Zoology, certify that the work embodied in this Ph.D. thesis is my own bonafide work carried out by me under the supervision of Prof. Qudsia Tahseen at Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh. The matter embodied in this Ph.D. thesis has not been submitted for the award of any other degree. I declare that I have faithfully acknowledged, given credit to and referred to the research workers wherever their works have been cited in the text and the body of the thesis. I further certify that I have not willfully lifted up some others work, para, text, data, results, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Life Cycle of Tomicus Destruens in a Pine Forest of Central Italy
    Bulletin of Insectology 61 (2): 337-342, 2008 ISSN 1721-8861 Life cycle of Tomicus destruens in a pine forest of central Italy 1 2 1 3 Giuseppino SABBATINI PEVERIERI , Matteo FAGGI , Lorenzo MARZIALI , Riziero TIBERI 1Agricultural Research Council - Research Centre for Agrobiology and Pedology, Firenze, Italy 2Prato, Italy 3University of Florence - Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Firenze, Italy Abstract Tomicus destruens (Wollaston) (Coleoptera Curculionidae) is a serious threat to the stability of pine forests in the Mediterranean region and along the Atlantic coasts of Portugal, Spain and France. Despite its phytosanitary importance, some aspects of the life cycle of this bark beetle are still unclear. In this study, carried out in a pine forest of central Italy, traps baited with (-)-α-pinene were used to monitor adult flight and the wood colonized by the bark beetle was examined in order to find out more about the life cycle of the beetle and its voltinism. At the study site, the flight of adult beetles for reproduction takes place continuously from autumn to mid-spring of the follow- ing year, with a peak of activity in the middle of autumn. Therefore, a part of the adult beetles, of the developing larvae and of the pupae overwinter under the bark of attacked pines, while a part of the adult population overwinter in the pine shoots. Adult beetles of the new generation emerge from the colonized material during the spring and estivate in the pine shoots. The bark beetles never showed flight activity in summer, nor did adults reproduce on pines at that time.
    [Show full text]