Earth Syst. Dynam., 8, 507–528, 2017 https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-8-507-2017 © Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Quantifying the added value of convection-permitting climate simulations in complex terrain: a systematic evaluation of WRF over the Himalayas Ramchandra Karki1,2, Shabeh ul Hasson1,3, Lars Gerlitz4, Udo Schickhoff1, Thomas Scholten5, and Jürgen Böhner1 1Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Institute of Geography, University of Hamburg, Bundesstraße 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany 2Department of Hydrology and Meteorology, Government of Nepal, 406 Naxal, Kathmandu, Nepal 3Department of Space Sciences, Institute of Space Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan 4Section Hydrology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany 5Soil Science and Geomorphology, University of Tübingen, Department of Geosciences, Rümelinstrasse 19–23, 72070 Tübingen, Germany Correspondence to: Ramchandra Karki (
[email protected]) Received: 27 March 2017 – Discussion started: 5 April 2017 Accepted: 31 May 2017 – Published: 5 July 2017 Abstract. Mesoscale dynamical refinements of global climate models or atmospheric reanalysis have shown their potential to resolve intricate atmospheric processes, their land surface interactions, and subsequently, re- alistic distribution of climatic fields in complex terrains. Given that such potential is yet to be explored within the central Himalayan region of Nepal, we investigate the skill of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with different spatial resolutions in reproducing the spatial, seasonal, and diurnal characteristics of the near-surface air temperature and precipitation as well as the spatial shifts in the diurnal monsoonal precipitation peak over the Khumbu (Everest), Rolwaling, and adjacent southern areas.