History and Culture of Karnataka (From Early Times to 1336)

Programme ಕಾರ್ಯ响ರ ಮ BA Subject 풿ಷರ್ History and Archaeology Semester �ಕ್ಷ貾ವ鲿 V University 풿ಶ್ವ 풿ದ್ಯಾ ಲರ್ Karnatak University, Dharwad Session ಅವ鲿 7 Title : Geographical Features of Karnataka

Sub Title: Introduction, Classification- Importance of Geographical features Learning Objectives

To enable the students to understand the Geographical features of Karnataka Session Out Comes

Students will be able to express their view on Geographical features of Karnataka Introduction

• Karnataka State is situated in between 11.30 to 18.48 Northern latitude and 74.12 to 78.50 East longitude, • Karnataka is surrounded by Maharashtra in North, Goa in Northwest, Tamilnadu & Keral in South, Andhara Pradesh & Telengana in East. • Karnataka is 2000 feet above sea level. • Present Karnataka is divided in to 30 Districts 230 Talukas 29733 Villages.

Introduction…….

• The length of the state is 770 km and breadth is 400 km • Total extent of the State is 1,92,204 sq. km • Krishna, Bhima, Tungabhadra, Malaprabha, Ghatprabha, Kali, Sharavati, Varadha, Kaveri, Netravati, Arkavati, Aghanashini etc. are the important rivers in the State. • The region where two rivers joins is called as Doab. Shorapur Doab in Yadgiri district where river Bhima joins the Krishna. Raichur Doab where river Tungabhadra joins Krishna, the plateau of Raichur Doab & Tungabhdra referred as Rayalaseema.

Introduction……. • Origin of the Name : Karnataka,Karnata, Kannada refers to a region and language. • Kar+nadu= land of black soil. • Temil epic Shilappadhikaram & Tolkappiyam refers as Karunat= High land or Big land • Mahabharat Sabhaparva & Bhishmaparva – Karnataka. • Sudraka-Mrichchakatika & varahamihira’s Brihatsamhita refers- Karnataka. • Kavirajamarga of Shrivijaya uses the word Kannada in reference to language & region.

Geographical Classification of Karnataka

1. Coastal region 2. Sahyadri Mountains /Western Ghats 3. Northern Plain 4. Southern Plain

Importance of Geographical Features

 Richard Hakluyat, pointed out that “ The Geography & Chronology are the Sun & Moon, the right and left eye of History”.  Human history in a region is shaped by the physical features.  The growth of civilization is depend upon the climate, fertility of soil, natural barriers.  Geographically Karnataka is one of the oldest part of Deccan plateau.  The history and culture of Karnataka has been molded by the Geographical features. MCQ’s

1. Karnataka is _____ feet above sea level. 2. How many districts are there in Karnataka? 3. What was the total extent of the Karnataka? 4. Kar+Nadu denotes what ? 5. In which parvas of Mahabharta the name Karnataka referred ?

Answers

1. 2000 2. 30 3. 1.92.204 sq. km. 4. Land of Black soil 5. Sabha & Bhishma parva.

References • Phalaksha : History of Karnataka • 蒾. ಬಸವ삾ಜ ಅಕ್ಕಿ : 响ꂾಟ9响ದ ಇ邿ಸ ಮತ್ತು ಸಿ ೃ邿 • ¥Á¯ÁPÀë : 响ꂾಟ9响ದ ಇ邿ಸ • ²ªÀgÀÄzÀæ¸Áé«Ä: 响ꂾಟ9响ದ ¥ËæqsÀ ಇ邿ಸ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¸ÀA¸ÀÌøw