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The Ukrainian Weekly 1945

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The Ukrainian Weekly 1945 99| St. Paulite Given DSM for Heroic Rescue ^Ukraine Perns the Bill Tall, gaunt Mike Kuznia, St. Paul Mary Kuzma, and a dozen friends boatswain in the U. S. Merchant and relatives crowded in the Gover- Marine, Ukrainian by descent, be-! nor's office to hear the citation: After an exhaustive personal survey, a Saturday Evening Post came on January 16 last the first "The tanker Virginia, struck by editor save Ukraine has suffered more from Nazi pillage, needs Minnesota man to be awarded the two enemy torpedoes, instantly ex­ Merchant Marine Distinguished Serv­ ploded and the surrounding waters more reconstruction, than any other part of Europe. ice Medal, the St. Раці Pioneer Press over a wide area were an inferno of reports (clipping sent to Weekly by; burning gasoline. Only fourteen men K. Kachmarova) survived the terrible death trap. "No single European country has that this union's Ukrainian frontier The DSM, awarded to him "for Kuzma, though severely burned in buffered deeper wounds [in this war! must be flanked by such dependable heroism beyond the line of duty", j the blast, swam through the flame- to its cities, its industry, its farm- structures of security that the cata- was presented by Arthur Williams, і swept water to the assistance of an lands and its humanity" than has clysm cannot be repeated. (secretary of the War Shipping Ad-j other badly burned seamen who had Ukraine, says Edgar Snow, Satur- "Because of that, if for no other j ministration and the U. S. Maritime і become exhausted in his heroic at- day Evening Post editor in a dis- reason," Snow declares, "we should Commission, in a ceremony in Gov. j tempt to rescue a third shipmate, patch from Kiev, Ukraine, published become more familiar with the Uk- \ Thye's office. Kuzma also was With complete disregard for his own under the above heading in the cur- rainian people, which has its own awarded the Mariner's Medal for in-1 safety and in spite of his own in- rent January 27 number of the mag- language and culture and history, old-., Juries incurred while serving at sea. j juries, Kuzma succeeded in towing azine. And not only has Ukraine, er than and quite distinct from that | He is the first living Minnesotan toj both men put of the flaming area suffered the most from the Nazis, but of great Russia. And possibly partly wear this award. I and in supporting them until they it also needs more reconstruction because of that also, I have found, Kuzma's wife, his mother, Mrs. were picked up by a rescue craft, than any other part of Europe, Snow during my visit here [Ukraine] — writes, basing his conclusion on an an extraordinary spirit of cordial- exhaustive personal survey of the ity and frankness, and an almost terrible situation in Ukraine today. ! unique readiness to supply facts and AMERICA'S SECRET WEAPON When the Post editor left the So- figures where they seem available." viet Union in 1943, most of Ukraine The economic importance of Uk- was still in Nazi hands. Following raine is then emphasized bv the Post A dangerous menace to the health and happiness of the children of Soviet victories over the Nazis and editor. The rest of the Soviet Union, America stalks the land. This enemy must be stopped. It is infantile the driving of the latter out of Uk- he says, is fifty times the size of paralysis, raine he returned to it. I Ukraine, but formerlv Ukraine ac- The American people, however, have a secret weapon which they are "Yet it was not until I came here counted for about half the giant na- using to combat this enemy. This weapon is the spirit of giving that on this sobering journey into the tion's key industry. "One district prompts them each year to contribute to the Annual Fund Raising Appeal twilight of war," he writes from alone produced more pig iron and j of The National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis. For it is their contribu Kiev, "that I quite realized the price;steel than Japan, Belgium, Italy and tions to the National Foundation that make it possible for merical sciencoee which 40,000,000 Ukrainians have \ Poland taken together. Ukrainian \ to fight poliomyelitis on all fronts. paid for Soviet victory. This whole mines supplied half the hard coal Every child stricken by infantile paralysis can have the best and titanic struggle, which some are so Land three fourths of the cooking coal і most modern treatment that medicine can give. No one need go without apt to dismiss as 'the Russian glory,' і for the entire. Soviet Union. The і this care for lack of money. At the same time, the National Foundation has in all truth and in manv costly Ukraine produced 62 per cent of So- і plans, inaugurates and finances... through grants of money to laboratories, ways been first of all a Ukrainian viet iron ore and its bauxite mines I universities and other organizations... a nation-wide program of research war „' furnished 70 per cent of prewar So- into the cause, prevention and cure of infantile paralysis. .ww* viet aluminum." | . • — Human Loss—10,000,4)0л ллл 0 - Snow then goes on to list other; And the greatest of Ukraine's sac- pre-war industries and resources, f stroyed, and 310,000 horses and cat- the complexity of the difficulties, the , rifices, Snow stresses, "one which can і Hitler thought that "if he would і tie and 1700 tractors were carried volume of work to be done." be assessed in no ordinary ledger, is j cjose nis fi8t over tne black soil of off. One Soviet authority stated that Then Snow proceeds to bring out the toll of human life. No fewer than j fjfcrame he could force Russia to a. t least 50 per cent of аУ' jaeans of whift he considers as perhaps the 10,000,000 people, I was told by a]ner knees." But the scorched-earth livelihood and production* were gone most important feature of his re­ high Ukrainian official, have been.poijcy ancj the removal of much in- In the case of the Dnepropetrovsk port. 'lost' to the Ukraine since the be-t(ju8tia] equipment eastward pre- alone, the replacement cost in such "It is that the Ukraine seems likely ginning of the war. That figure ex- j vented him from capitalizing on his' terms will run to 350,000.000 Ameri- to recover its former position more cludes men and women mobilized for j advances into Ukraine. can dollars." quickly than any other war-torn country of Europe. It is that not the armed forces. Smce however, the removed equip- Snow further ^states that Pierre Snow points out that a "relatively nt will probably remain in Siberia ] Cot, the Frenchman who made an long after industrial production has me been fully restored here, the Soviet small part of the Russian Soviet Re- and Central Asia, and since what the I extensive tour of the liberated areas, public itself was actually invaded, Reds left behind ("the greater part "gave me 250,000,000,000 gold rubles, Union may be much farther along the road toward abundance than it but the whole Ukraine, whose people o{ ^ industry") the Nazis in turn or $50,000,000,000, as his estimate were economically the most advanced I removed into Germanv, Ukraine will of the damage done during the war. was before 1941." and numerically the second largest in j ftave to start from scratch after That includes only physical plant, of But right now, he states, the pic­ the Soviet Union, was devastated j tne war on reconstruction, course. If it is near the truth, then ture is bleak, mainly on account of from the Carpathian frontiers to the one might venture to guess that the the labor shortage, caused by the Donets and Don rivers, where Rus- Huge Material Losses Ukrainian part of it will be between Germans, who drove millions of Uk­ sia proper begins. No single Eu- Estimating some of the damage $30 000,000,000 and $40.000,000,000. rainians into Germany. Among them And the mechanical equipment needed ropean country has suffered deeper j cause<j by the Nazis in Ukraine, were many of the nation's best work­ to restore it might then cost some­ wounds to cities, its industry, its gn0w says that, according to the ers. And then some Ukrainian work­ farmlands and its humanity." rough figures supplied him by the thing like $10,000,000,000." ers went eastward, and will remain The Ukrainians have not forgotten Ukrainian Gosplan, or State Plan- Trying to determine what has there. "In one factory," Snow writes, how large a role American engineers ning Commission, "in the towns been accomplished at recovery since "that I visited, only 220 workers out and machinery played in the in- alone, about 22,000,000 square met- the Nazis have been driven out, Snow of an original 6,000 were back to du8trialization of their country, Snow era of living space have been de- questioned several Ukrainian author­ work." On the farms there are re­ says, end so today they are hoping stroyed. In Poltava, a typical rural ities and made spot investigations tat latively fewer men than in towns. for equally important American in-, district, about 100,000 peasant homes a number of farms and factories. "I As a result, and the fact that able- dustrial help to aid them to recover were destroyed out of an original did not find anybody minimizing the bodied men are in the army, women from the catastrophe, "The postwar total of 362,000.
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