DOCSLIB.ORG

Ecological Implications for the Management of Dog-Strangling Vine (Vincetoxicum Rossicum)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ecological Implications for the Management of Dog-Strangling Vine (Vincetoxicum Rossicum) Experimental Eradication of an Invasive Exotic Vine in the Trent University Nature Areas: Ecological Implications for the Management of Dog-Strangling Vine (Vincetoxicum Rossicum) Completed By: Kieran Pinder Course: Community-based Research Project (TCCBE) Supervisor: Dr. Tom Whillans Due: December 16, 2011 1 1. Abstract The Nature Areas Committee at Trent University oversees the natural heritage of the campus, and is committed to including students in community-based research projects which involve scientific experimental design projects. The experiment described here on out deals with restoration management of natural areas on the campus of Trent University and particularly focuses on introduced, non-native plants as a degrading force in these natural areas. Within the context of this report for the Trent Nature Areas Committee, an accredited course was established with the Trent Centre for Community-Based Education (TCCBE) that initiates the discussion on an emergent issue within many southern Ontario natural areas. This course focuses on the biology and ecological impacts of a plant which has escaped cultivation in North America, originally introduced from Eastern Europe and named the Dog- strangling vine (Vicetoxicum rossicum). This vine has found habitat in in areas of concern within the Trent NA. It is highly invasive as a perennial herbaceous plant, and has consequently infiltrated three particularly evident sites in the Trent NA, and therefore has potential to invade and dominate both the areas where it currently resides, as well as adjacent ecosystems of which are particularly vulnerable to widespread infestation in the future. Within these parameters of the V. rossicum species, this particular report will outline the implemented management techniques for controlling the spread of this plant. The program was initiated by the Trent Nature Areas Committee, and facilitated by the grounds-keeping crew of the Physical Resources department. It is aimed at discovering an effective chemical treatment method for managing V. rossicum. Outlined in this report will be the history of this particular plant invasion in eastern North America, detailed consequence of its introduction into Ontario nature areas, and a solution for managing its population spread. Finally, it will recommend and propose ideas for the future eradication of V. rossicum on the TNA, and detail the monitored ecological responses therein. 2 2. Introduction 2.1 Assessment and Management of Plant Invasions People who have a keen commitment to environmental issues such as land managers, naturalists, and ecologists, have noticed the rapid infiltration of invasive plants into non-native regions around the world (Sheeley and Raynal 1996; McKague and Cappuccino 2005; Matilla and Otis 2003; Lawlor 2002; Lawlor 2000; Hanrahan 2006; Ladd and Cappuccino 2005; DiTommaso 2005; DiTommaso et al 2005; DiTomasso and Losey 2003; Catling and Mitrow 2005; Casagrande and Dacey, 2007; Cappuccino et al, 2002; Cappuccino, 2004; Abouziena et al 2009). Increased anthropogenic globalization and transport of plants, coupled with activities that cause environmental degradation have combined to cause a rapid increase of non-native plants into historically native ecosystems (Cappuccino et al. 2002; Catling and Mitrow 2005; DiTommaso 2005). These plants typically originate on separate continents where competition in their native ranges limits their success in the ecosystems (Lauvanger and Borgen 1998). However, upon introduction to other regions for horticultural or agricultural purposes, they eventually escape cultivation by seed dispersal, and establish in ecosystems where competition is usually much less than in their native ranges (Lauvanger and Borgen 1998). The term invasive refers to the spread, establishment, and dominance of these plants in ecosystems. The term exotic, that usually follows the term invasive, refers to the alien nature of the plant and its non-native attributes within the environment. Hence, the term invasive exotic plant refers to a plant that originates from another region of the world and has spread its population voraciously in a region that it isn’t inherently native. As the earth’s landscapes and ecosystems become increasingly disturbed by anthropogenic resource exploitation and mass transportation of biological materials cross-continents, many life forms are adapting at an alarmingly fast rate and capitalizing on opportunities to colonize non-native disturbed areas (Catling and Mitrow 2005). Inherently associated with their existence is a strong competitive force that tends to out-compete native plants, thereby displacing food and resources for native species of wildlife. Additionally, plants can cause significant problems for the economy, which include agricultural, fishing, and forestry industries (Havinga 2000). It has been stated by Pimental (1999) that the costs associated with control of only two plants, purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) and melaleuca (melaleuca quinquenervia), have been estimated at $48 million. Because of these reasons, global efforts of assessment and management of invasive exotic plant populations is nearing the critical peak of importance. Luken and Thieret (1997) explain why plant invasions have become so increasingly rampant. They state, “While invasion and range of expansion were indeed a part of the biological history of earth before humans, the rate and scale at which invasions occurred was not similar to that resulting from human activity. The human-caused breakdown of barriers to species dispersal was a global phenomenon and because this had ramifications at all levels 3 of biological invasion from the populations and genes to ecosystems and landscapes, invasions should be recognized as one of the major global environmental issues of our time.” Such an important conservation issue is, unavoidably, requires an extremely complex assemblage of multi-faceted efforts (Havinga 2000). These efforts are first and foremost geared toward prevention of initial and successive plant invasions. These important frontline actions require radical changes in human perception regarding land use practices and transport of exotic plant materials. In situations where exotic plants have already invaded an area, direct and immediate control is necessary but may present an undertaking that is beyond the realm of available resources, depending on the extent to which the plant has established. The most cost- and time-effective strategies should be researched and implemented in any scenario, to provide an efficient management regime for the restoration of a natural area. Entwined within this strategy can be many complications, which lead to controversy over the seemingly contradictive use of certain control methods to restore natural ecosystem integrity, such herbicidal application. The control of invasive exotic plant populations requires the establishment of a detailed strategic framework that incorporates the interests of individuals and institutions with the preservation of natural heritage. Analyzing and researching situations, ordering objectives, developing partnerships, and creating goals for control can all contribute to a collective discussion about proactive steps to take in dealing with problematic and challenging plant invasion scenarios. This discussion should integrate the baseline availability and commitment to the use of available resources. The following strategic plan was adapted from Havinga (2000) and includes eight key strategies. The first four are discussed in this chapter and the final four are discussed in the conclusion chapter. They read as such: 1. Prevention of further introductions In this situation, it is obvious that prevention of invasive plants is the most effective long-term solution for ecological sustainability. Often introduced through the escape from horticultural or agricultural domestication, these plants typically establish and dominate their populations in naturalized environments that have been previously degraded by direct anthropogenic or non- anthropogenic natural processes. As a consequence, the actions of preventing invasions should indeed, focus on minimizing the introductions combined with enacting sustainable environmental practices in order to preserve natural heritage of ecosystems. Some specific actions include: Prevent the use and transport of invasive exotic plant materials in landscaping or horticultural settings near natural areas 4 Develop early warning systems which describe the potential of certain environments to be infiltrated by invasive plants Monitor and manage already-present invasive plants by educating individuals closely associated with managing natural areas Promote the cultivation and naturalization of appropriately-sourced native plants for landscaping and natural areas restoration Promote the conservation of native ecosystem integrity by minimizing disturbance in natural areas 2. Development of strategies for managing target plant species In its current state, there is a growing necessity for research regarding invasive plant management in southern Ontario. However, objective research can be documented and described regarding plant invasion scenarios that have occurred in locations that are similar to the environments of southern Ontario. Some specific actions include: Research and educate the targeted community on priority invasive plants of the region, with an overview of potential guidelines for management regimes Promote the use of the Integrated Pest Management
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Field Release of the Leaf-Feeding Moth, Hypena Opulenta (Christoph)
    United States Department of Field release of the leaf-feeding Agriculture moth, Hypena opulenta Marketing and Regulatory (Christoph) (Lepidoptera: Programs Noctuidae), for classical Animal and Plant Health Inspection biological control of swallow- Service worts, Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.) Moench and V. rossicum (Kleopow) Barbarich (Gentianales: Apocynaceae), in the contiguous United States. Final Environmental Assessment, August 2017 Field release of the leaf-feeding moth, Hypena opulenta (Christoph) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), for classical biological control of swallow-worts, Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.) Moench and V. rossicum (Kleopow) Barbarich (Gentianales: Apocynaceae), in the contiguous United States. Final Environmental Assessment, August 2017 Agency Contact: Colin D. Stewart, Assistant Director Pests, Pathogens, and Biocontrol Permits Plant Protection and Quarantine Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service U.S. Department of Agriculture 4700 River Rd., Unit 133 Riverdale, MD 20737 Non-Discrimination Policy The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for employment on the bases of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or employment activities.) To File an Employment Complaint If you wish to file an employment complaint, you must contact your agency's EEO Counselor (PDF) within 45 days of the date of the alleged discriminatory act, event, or in the case of a personnel action.
    [Show full text]
  • Establishment of the Invasive Perennial Vincetoxicum Rossicum Across a Disturbance Gradient in New York State, USA
    Plant Ecol (2010) 211:65–77 DOI 10.1007/s11258-010-9773-2 Establishment of the invasive perennial Vincetoxicum rossicum across a disturbance gradient in New York State, USA Kristine M. Averill • Antonio DiTommaso • Charles L. Mohler • Lindsey R. Milbrath Received: 23 October 2009 / Accepted: 7 April 2010 / Published online: 22 April 2010 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 Abstract Vincetoxicum rossicum (pale swallow- tillage and herbicide-only plots [1.6 ± 0.5%]. Of those wort) is a non-native, perennial, herbaceous vine in seedlings that emerged, overall survival was high at the Apocynaceae. The species’ abundance is steadily both locations (70–84%). Similarly, total (above ? increasing in the northeastern United States and belowground) biomass was greater in herbicide ? till- southeastern Canada. Little is known about Vincetox- age and herbicide-only plots than in mowed and icum species recruitment and growth. Therefore, we control plots at both locations. Thus, V. rossicum was conducted a field experiment in New York State to successful in establishing and surviving across a range address this knowledge gap. We determined the of disturbance regimens particularly relative to other establishment, survival, and growth of V. rossicum old field species, but growth was greater in more during the first 2 years after sowing in two old fields disturbed treatments. The relatively high-establish- subjected to four disturbance regimens. We hypothe- ment rates in old field habitats help explain the sized that establishment and survival would be higher invasiveness of this Vincetoxicum species in the in treatments with greater disturbance. At the better- northeastern U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Enemy of My Enemy: Can the Rhizosphere Biota of Vincetoxicum Rossicum Act As Its “Ally” During Invasion?
    Enemy of my Enemy: Can the Rhizosphere Biota of Vincetoxicum rossicum Act as its “Ally” During Invasion? by Angela Dukes A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Biology Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Angela Dukes, November 2017 ABSTRACT Enemy of my Enemy: Can the Rhizosphere Biota of Vincetoxicum rossicum Act as its “Ally” During Invasion? Angela Dukes Advisors: Dr. Pedro Antunes University of Guelph, 2017 Dr. Kari Dunfield The ‘Enemy of my enemy’ (EE) is a major hypothesis in invasion ecology. It states that a non-native invader ‘accumulates generalist pathogens, which limit competition from indigenous competitors’. Few empirical studies have tested the EE hypothesis in plant invasions, especially on biotic rhizosphere interactions. Here, the EE hypothesis was tested by applying rhizosphere biota from the invasive plant Vincetoxicum rossicum (VIRO) to five co-occurring native plant species, and four native legume species, respectively. Each of the native plant species, and VIRO were grown under controlled conditions for three months, either in presence or absence of soil biota from VIRO invaded and non-invaded soils. Rhizosphere biota from invaded areas had variable effects among native plants (including legumes). It was concluded that the accumulation of rhizosphere enemies that ‘spill’ onto native plants may not be a major factor in the invasive success of VIRO. The EE hypothesis was not supported. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I deeply appreciated the patience of my supervisors: Dr. Kari Dunfield and Dr. Pedro Antunes. I worked in the Plant and Soil Ecology Lab at Algoma University with Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Black and Pale Swallow-Wort (Vincetoxicum Nigrum and V
    Chapter 13 Black and Pale Swallow-Wort (Vincetoxicum nigrum and V. rossicum): The Biology and Ecology of Two Perennial, Exotic and Invasive Vines C.H. Douglass, L.A. Weston, and A. DiTommaso Abstract Black and pale swallow-worts are invasive perennial vines that were introduced 100 years ago into North America. Their invasion has been centralized in New York State, with neighboring regions of southern Canada and New England also affected. The two species have typically been more problematic in natural areas, but are increasingly impacting agronomic systems such as horticultural nurs- eries, perennial field crops, and pasturelands. While much of the literature reviewed herein is focused on the biology and management of the swallow-worts, conclu- sions are also presented from research assessing the ecological interactions that occur within communities invaded by the swallow-wort species. In particular, we posit that the role of allelopathy and the relationship between genetic diversity lev- els and environmental characteristics could be significant in explaining the aggres- sive nature of swallow-wort invasion in New York. Findings from the literature suggest that the alteration of community-level interactions by invasive species, in this case the swallow-worts, could play a significant role in the invasion process. Keywords Allelopathy • Genetic diversity • Invasive plants • Swallow-wort spp. • Vincetoxicum spp. Abbreviations AMF: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; BSW: Black swallow-wort; PSW: Pale swallow-wort C.H. Douglass () Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA [email protected] A. DiTommaso Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 14853, USA L.
    [Show full text]
  • Invasive Dog-Strangling Vine (Cynanchum Rossicum)
    Invasive Dog-strangling Vine (Cynanchum rossicum) Best Management Practices in Ontario DRAFT ontario.ca/invasivespecies Foreword These Best Management Practices (BMPs) are designed to provide guidance for managing invasive Dog- strangling Vine (Cynanchum rossicum [= Vincetoxicum rossicum]) in Ontario. Funding and leadership in the development of this document was provided by the Canada/Ontario Invasive Species Centre. They were developed by the Ontario Invasive Plant Council (OIPC), its partners and the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR). These guidelines were created to complement the invasive plant control initiatives of organizations and individuals concerned with the protection of biodiversity, agricultural lands, crops and natural lands. These BMPs are based on the most effective and environmentally safe control practices known from research and experience. They reflect current provincial and federal legislation regarding pesticide usage, habitat disturbance and species at risk protection. These BMPs are subject to change as legislation is updated or new research findings emerge. They are not intended to provide legal advice, and interested parties are advised to refer to the applicable legislation to address specific circumstances. Check the website of the Ontario Invasive Plant Council (www.ontarioinvasiveplants.ca) or Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (www.ontario.ca/invasivespecies) for updates. Anderson, Hayley. 2012. Invasive Dog-strangling Vine (Cynanchum rossicum) Best Management Practices in Ontario. Ontario
    [Show full text]
  • Minnesota's Top 124 Terrestrial Invasive Plants and Pests
    Photo by RichardhdWebbWebb 0LQQHVRWD V7RS 7HUUHVWULDO,QYDVLYH 3ODQWVDQG3HVWV 3ULRULWLHVIRU5HVHDUFK Sciencebased solutions to protect Minnesota’s prairies, forests, wetlands, and agricultural resources Contents I. Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1 II. Prioritization Panel members ....................................................................................................... 4 III. Seventeen criteria, and their relative importance, to assess the threat a terrestrial invasive species poses to Minnesota ...................................................................................................................... 5 IV. Prioritized list of terrestrial invasive insects ................................................................................. 6 V. Prioritized list of terrestrial invasive plant pathogens .................................................................. 7 VI. Prioritized list of plants (weeds) ................................................................................................... 8 VII. Terrestrial invasive insects (alphabetically by common name): criteria ratings to determine threat to Minnesota. .................................................................................................................................... 9 VIII. Terrestrial invasive pathogens (alphabetically by disease among bacteria, fungi, nematodes, oomycetes, parasitic plants, and viruses): criteria ratings
    [Show full text]
  • Black Swallow-Wort
    MONARCH JOINT VENTURE Partnering across the U.S. to conserve the monarch migration www.monarchjointventure.org The Monarch Joint Venture is a partnership of federal Invasive Species Alert: and state agencies, non- Black swallow-wort (Cynanchum louisea) and pale swallow-wort (Cynanchum rossicum) governmental organizations, and academic programs that Monarchs and Swallow-wort has heart shaped leaves and white flowers, and is native to North America. are working together to protect Monarch butterflies Danaus( plexippus) need the monarch migration across milkweed plants (Asclepias species plus a few species Environmental Effects the lower 48 United States. in closely related genera) to survive; their caterpillars Swallow-wort species reduce local biodiversity of cannot feed on other host plants. Female monarchs native plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates. Studies have evolved to lay eggs on milkweed, ensuring show a decrease in arthropod biodiversity in areas PARTNERS that their offspring have adequate resources for covered by swallow-wort, when compared to similar U.S. Forest Service development. Females find the milkweed plants using old fields vegetated by native plants (DiTommaso U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service a combination of visual and chemical cues. et. al. 2005). Swallow-worts can take over open Iowa Department of An alien invader is jeopardizing this process by areas, which in turn leads to reduced grassland bird Natural Resources confounding female monarchs during the egg laying breeding and nesting. As the former Latin name, Natural Resource process. Black swallow-wort (Cynanchum louisea, Vincetoxicum, implies, swallow-wort species are Conservation Service also known as Vincetoxicum nigrum, formerly allelopathic, releasing chemicals that will hinder the Cibolo Nature Center C.
    [Show full text]
  • Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team Biological Control of Invasive
    Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Biological Control Biological Control of Invasive Plants in the Eastern United States Roy Van Driesche Bernd Blossey Mark Hoddle Suzanne Lyon Richard Reardon Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team—Morgantown, West Virginia United States Forest FHTET-2002-04 Department of Service August 2002 Agriculture BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INVASIVE PLANTS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF INVASIVE PLANTS IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES Technical Coordinators Roy Van Driesche and Suzanne Lyon Department of Entomology, University of Massachusets, Amherst, MA Bernd Blossey Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY Mark Hoddle Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA Richard Reardon Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, USDA, Forest Service, Morgantown, WV USDA Forest Service Publication FHTET-2002-04 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the authors of the individual chap- We would also like to thank the U.S. Depart- ters for their expertise in reviewing and summariz- ment of Agriculture–Forest Service, Forest Health ing the literature and providing current information Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, West on biological control of the major invasive plants in Virginia, for providing funding for the preparation the Eastern United States. and printing of this publication. G. Keith Douce, David Moorhead, and Charles Additional copies of this publication can be or- Bargeron of the Bugwood Network, University of dered from the Bulletin Distribution Center, Uni- Georgia (Tifton, Ga.), managed and digitized the pho- versity of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, (413) tographs and illustrations used in this publication and 545-2717; or Mark Hoddle, Department of Entomol- produced the CD-ROM accompanying this book.
    [Show full text]
  • Pest Management – Invasive Plant Control Black Swallow-Wort Conservation Practice Job Sheet MN-797
    Pest Management – Invasive Plant Control Black Swallow-Wort Conservation Practice Job Sheet MN-797 Photos by Peter M. Dziuk, Minnesota Department of Agriculture Black Swallow-Wort (Cynanchum nigrum) Black Swallow-Wort, flowers Black Swallow-Wort vegetation. Stands can eventually cover several acres Black Swallow-wort is native to southwestern Europe of land. According to laboratory research, when and was intentionally introduced into North America monarch butterflies lay eggs on black swallow-wort, as an ornamental in the 1900’s. the resulting larvae experience a high rate of mortality. Black Swallow-wort is an herbaceous perennial vine in the milkweed family, with a single non-branching Description stem that grows up to six feet in length. The vines Black Swallow-wort has dark, glossy-green, simple typically twine and sprawl over other vegetation and leaves with smooth edges and a tapered point, 3-4 are difficult to control. inches long by 2-3 inches wide that occur in pairs along the stem. The small five-petaled star-shaped Black swallow-wort is associated exclusively with flowers, borne in clusters at leaf axils, are deep purple upland areas and is tolerant of a range of light and to almost brown or black and are fragrant. They moisture conditions. It is most commonly found in appear in June and may be found until late summer. heavily-shaded woodlands, and has also become Like native milkweeds, the seed is winged and readily invasive in disturbed sites, old fields, pastures, fence spread by the wind. Reproduction is primarily by rows and road ditches. seed. In winter, stems may be found entangled in small shrubs with remnants of old seedpods still Ecological Threat attached.
    [Show full text]
  • Oviposition Preference and Larval Performance of Monarch Butterflies (Danaus Plexippus) on Two Invasive Swallow-Wort Species
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Oviposition preference and larval performance of monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) on two invasive swallow-wort species 1 2 Antonio DiTommaso & John E. Losey 1Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, 2Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA Accepted: 9 July 2003 Key words: Asclepias syriaca, Danaus plexippus, host plant preference, invasive plants, monarch butterfly, swallow-wort, Vincetoxicum nigrum, Vincetoxicum rossicum, Cynanchum, oviposition, dog- strangler vine, Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae Abstract The potential of two invasive herbaceous vines Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.) Moench and Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbar. (Asclepiadaceae) to reduce monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus L.) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Danainae) populations was investigated by evaluating oviposition selec- tion in adult monarch butterflies and larval feeding preference in choice tests comparing the native host plant of monarch butterflies, Asclepias syriaca L. (Asclepiadaceae) and the two non-indigenous Vincetoxicum species. In both choice and no-choice tests, no eggs were oviposited on either of the two Vincetoxicum species whereas over 66 eggs per female were oviposited on A. syriaca plants. All first instar larvae allowed to feed on A. syriaca for 48 h survived while a significantly lower proportion sur- vived on V. rossicum (44%) and V. nigrum (14%). Mean weight of larvae that did survive on the Vin- cetoxicum species was significantly lower than the mean weight of larvae that fed on A. syriaca. The mean weight of surviving larvae, however, did not differ between the two Vincetoxicum species. The mean proportion of leaves consumed by larvae feeding on A. syriaca was significantly greater than the mean proportion of leaves consumed by larvae feeding on either Vincetoxicum species.
    [Show full text]
  • CSPB / SCPV Eastern Regional Meeting
    CSPB / SCPV Eastern Regional Meeting November 22nd & 23rd ∙ Brock University ∙ St. Catharines, Ontario The Canadian Society of Plant Biologists La Société canadienne de biologie végétale Welcomes you to the Niagara Region Program Booklet 1 Message from the Organizing Committee Chair Dr. Vincenzo De Luca Professor, Biological Sciences Dear Meeting Participants: Welcome to Brock University for the 2019 Eastern Regional Meeting of the Canadian Society of Plant Biologists. The last time the meeting was held at Brock was in 2010, and those of you who attended the 2010 meeting will notice how much this Niagara-based University has changed. The large glass-encased structure you will see upon your arrival on campus is the Cairns Family Health and Bioscience Research Complex (CFH&BRC). Cairns complex is home to laboratories for the departments of Biology, of Chemistry and of Applied Health, in addition to hosting some McMaster University extension services and other Brock University departments. This state-of-the-art building was completed in 2012 and contains a modern greenhouse and plant tissue culture facility on the fifth floor in addition to a growth chamber farm and excellent NMR and mass spectrometry facilities. We will welcome registrants who arrive on Friday evening between 6:00 pm to 9:00 pm in the atrium of the Cairns complex, where you can enjoy hors d’oeuvres and complimentary drinks (wine, beer, soft drinks, and water). For those of you who are interested, we may arrange visits to some of the modern laboratories and the greenhouse during the welcome cocktail hour. The following day, on Saturday, we will meet in the Academic South building.
    [Show full text]
  • Field Checklist
    14 September 2020 Cystopteridaceae (Bladder Ferns) __ Cystopteris bulbifera Bulblet Bladder Fern FIELD CHECKLIST OF VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE KOFFLER SCIENTIFIC __ Cystopteris fragilis Fragile Fern RESERVE AT JOKERS HILL __ Gymnocarpium dryopteris CoMMon Oak Fern King Township, Regional Municipality of York, Ontario (second edition) Aspleniaceae (Spleenworts) __ Asplenium platyneuron Ebony Spleenwort Tubba Babar, C. Sean Blaney, and Peter M. Kotanen* Onocleaceae (SensitiVe Ferns) 1Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology 2Atlantic Canada Conservation Data __ Matteuccia struthiopteris Ostrich Fern University of Toronto Mississauga Centre, P.O. Box 6416, Sackville NB, __ Onoclea sensibilis SensitiVe Fern 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON Canada E4L 1G6 Canada L5L 1C6 Athyriaceae (Lady Ferns) __ Deparia acrostichoides SilVery Spleenwort *Correspondence author. e-mail: [email protected] Thelypteridaceae (Marsh Ferns) The first edition of this list Was compiled by C. Sean Blaney and Was published as an __ Parathelypteris noveboracensis New York Fern appendix to his M.Sc. thesis (Blaney C.S. 1999. Seed bank dynamics of native and exotic __ Phegopteris connectilis Northern Beech Fern plants in open uplands of southern Ontario. University of Toronto. __ Thelypteris palustris Marsh Fern https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/handle/1807/14382/). It subsequently Was formatted for the web by P.M. Kotanen and made available on the Koffler Scientific Reserve Website Dryopteridaceae (Wood Ferns) (http://ksr.utoronto.ca/), Where it Was revised periodically to reflect additions and taxonomic __ Athyrium filix-femina CoMMon Lady Fern changes. This second edition represents a major revision reflecting recent phylogenetic __ Dryopteris ×boottii Boott's Wood Fern and nomenclatural changes and adding additional species; it will be updated periodically.
    [Show full text]