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Toxics Reduction and Equity

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Toxics Reduction and Equity Toxics reduction and equity Informing actions to reduce community risks from chemicals in products July 2019 oregonmetro.gov If you picnic at Blue Lake or take your kids to the Oregon Zoo, enjoy symphonies at the Schnitz or auto shows at the convention center, put out your trash or drive your car – we’ve already crossed paths. So, hello. We’re Metro – nice to meet you. In a metropolitan area as big as Portland, we can do a lot of things better together. Join us to help the region prepare for a happy, healthy future. Metro Council President Lynn Peterson Metro Councilors Shirley Craddick, District 1 Christine Lewis, District 2 Craig Dirksen, District 3 Juan Carlos Gonzalez, District 4 Sam Chase, District 5 Bob Stacey, District 6 Auditor Brian Evans ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Author Monica Cuneo, MPH, Context for Action Metro Project Manager, Lead Editor Carl Grimm, Senior Solid Waste Planner, Resource Conservation and Recycling Context for Action Research Team Carri Munn, MPA Elizabeth Doerr, MIEP Molly Notarianni Metro Project Team Matt Korot, executive sponsor, Resource Conservation and Recycling Director Pam Peck, project sponsor, Resource Conservation and Recycling Manager Scott Klag, Senior Solid Waste Planner, Resource Conservation and Recycling Lisa Heigh, Senior Solid Waste Planner, Resource Conservation and Recycling Sabrina Gogol, Senior Management Analyst, Property & Environmental Services Jim Quinn, Principal Regional Planner, Property & Environmental Services Farrah Fatemi, Ph.D., Educational Outreach Specialist, Resource Conservation and Recycling Stakeholder contributions Many thanks to the following individuals for generously contributing their time and expertise to this study. Please note that each provided input to and/or reviewed only portions of the study and that Metro and the lead author take full responsibility for the entirety of the study’s contents, including any errors that may be present. Also, the views and perspectives contained in this study do not necessarily reflect those of the peer reviewers or stakeholder interviewees. Peer reviewers Lisa Cox, Senior Toxics Reduction Analyst, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality Michelle Gin, MPH, Toxic Free Kids Communications Planner, Minnesota Department of Health Kevin Masterson, MURP, Agency Toxics Coordinator, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality Karl Palmer, Acting Deputy Director, Safer Products and Workplaces Program, California Department of Toxic Substances Control Raahi Reddy, MUP, Director of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion, Metro Nancy Rice, MPH, Research Scientist, Minnesota Department of Health Justin Waltz, MPH, Program Analyst, Oregon Health Authority Stakeholder interviewees Jennifer H. Allen, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Public Administration, Portland State University Jae P. Douglas, Ph.D., MSW, Environmental Health Services Director, Multnomah County Health Department Jen Jackson, Toxics Reduction & Healthy Ecosystems Program Manager, San Francisco Department of Environment Andrea Hamberg, Environmental Health Program Supervisor, Multnomah County Health Department Scott Klag, Senior Solid Waste Planner, Metro Kevin Masterson, Toxics Coordinator, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality Tina Schaefer, Children's Safe Products Act Program Lead, Washington Department of Ecology Kara Steward, PFAS Chemical Action Plan Coordinator, Washington Department of Ecology Heather Trim, Executive Director, Zero Waste Washington Kari Trumbull, Product Testing Chemist, Washington Department of Ecology Ken Zarker, Pollution Prevention Section Manager, Washington Department of Ecology Many thanks to the following individuals who also contributed to this Study: Dianne Barton, Water Quality Coordinator, Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission, Chair, National Tribal Toxics Council Topher Buck, IC2 Project Manager, NEWMOA Kimberlee Chambers, Director of Integrated Business Planning and Sustainability, RainSweet, Inc. Lauren Cole, Environmental Programs Managing Supervisor, King County Gabriela Goldfarb, Environmental Public Health Section Manager, Oregon Health Authority Tim Greiner, Managing Director, Pure Strategies Brendon Haggerty, Program Coordinator, Multnomah County Health Department Phil Keisling, Director, Center for Public Service, Portland State University Brian Martin, Senior Director, Seagate Hugh O'Neill, Toxics Reduction Team Leader, Washington Department of Ecology Wayne Rifer, Retired Director of Research and Standards, Green Electronics Council Mark S. Rossi, Ph.D., Executive Director, Clean Production Action Joel Tickner, Professor, Lowell Center for Sustainable Production, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Countless additional people helped with this Study and we are deeply grateful for the ideas, support and commitment of all involved in this research and this work. Contact For more information about this study or about Metro’s toxics reduction work, please contact: Carl Grimm, [email protected], 503-797-1676 Pam Peck, [email protected], 503-797-1866 We hope this study is a useful resource. We encourage your comments and suggestions for advancing this work. Please contact us with questions or feedback, and to let us know how you use this information. Citation recommendation Toxics reduction and equity: Informing actions to reduce community risks from chemicals in products, Monica Cuneo, Carl Grimm, Carri Munn, Elizabeth Doerr, Molly Notarianni, Scott Klag. Metro, July 2019, oregonmetro.gov. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive summary ............................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................ 7 Equity framework .............................................................................................................................................. 15 Consumer product reviews ............................................................................................................................. 25 Apparel and outdoor wear ............................................................................................................................................ 27 Building materials ............................................................................................................................................................ 39 Children’s products .......................................................................................................................................................... 57 Cleaning products for the home ................................................................................................................................. 69 Furniture .............................................................................................................................................................................. 79 Personal care products ................................................................................................................................................... 87 Single use food and drink containers ....................................................................................................................... 97 Urban pesticides ............................................................................................................................................................. 113 Workplace exposures in the service sector ........................................................................................................ 121 Regulatory context of chemicals in the United States ......................................................................... 133 Introduction to the regulatory context ................................................................................................................. 133 Prominent policy gaps ................................................................................................................................................. 138 European Union chemicals policy ........................................................................................................................... 147 Conclusion and opportunities for action ................................................................................................. 149 Opportunities for action and equity principles ................................................................................................. 154 Appendix 1: Federal regulation history and structure ....................................................................... 159 Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................... 159 Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) of 1938, 1997 .................................................................. 160 Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) of 1972 .................................................... 162 Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) of 1976 ................................................................................................... 163 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976 ......................................................................... 166 Clean Air Acts of 1963 and 1970 ............................................................................................................................
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