The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey

An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment

for Bovis Homes Limited

by Jennifer Lowe

Thames Valley Archaeological Services Ltd

Site Code RGF04/80

September 2004 Summary

Site name: The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey

Grid reference: TQ 1595 5600

Site activity: Desk-based assessment

Project manager: Steve Ford

Site supervisor: Jennifer Lowe

Site code: RGF 04/80

Area of site: 0.43ha

Summary of results: The site lies within an area of archaeological potential, with the presence of a known Saxon cemetery to the south and a medieval building located adjacent. The site has also undergone limited development in its more recent history and therefore archaeological deposits, if present, may be undisturbed.

This report may be copied for bona fide research or planning purposes without the explicit permission of the copyright holder

Report edited/checked by: Steve Ford9 02.09.04 Steve Preston9 02.09.04

The Rising Sun, Guildford, Fetcham, Surrey An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment

by Jennifer Lowe

Report 04/80

Introduction

This desk-based study is an assessment of the archaeological potential of a parcel of land located at Guildford

Road, Fetcham, Surrey (Fig. 1). The project was commissioned by Mr Graham Bridgman of Bovis Homes

Limited, Retirement Living, The Manor House, North Ash Road, New Ash Green, Longfield, Kent, DA3 8HQ and comprises the first stage of a process to determine the presence/absence, extent, character, quality and date of any archaeological remains which may be affected by redevelopment of the area.

Site description, location and geology

The site is located on the corner of Cobham Road and Guildford Road on the north eastern margins of Fetcham, and is currently occupied by the Rising Sun public house, which is now disused (Fig. 2). The pub is known to have a small cellar which is accessed via the rear of the property. A Tarmac-covered car parking area surrounds the majority of the building, except in the south-west corner where the area is mounded and covered in grass.

The development area is centred on TQ1595 5600 and covers approximately 0.43ha. The site is located on alluvium (BGS 1978), and is at a height of approximately 35m above Ordnance Datum.

Planning background and development proposals

Planning permission is being sought for the development of retirement apartments. The new development will incorporate the footprint of the existing building on the site.

Archaeology and Planning (PPG 16 1990) provides guidance relating to archaeology within the planning process. It points out that where a desk-based assessment has shown that there is a strong possibility of significant archaeological deposits in a development area it is reasonable to provide more detailed information from a field evaluation so that an appropriate strategy to mitigate the effects of development on archaeology can be devised:

Paragraph 21 states:

‘Where early discussions with local planning authorities or the developer’s own research indicate that important archaeological remains may exist, it is reasonable for the planning authority to

request the prospective developer to arrange for an archaeological field evaluation to be carried out...’

Should the presence of archaeological deposits be confirmed further guidance is provided. Archaeology and

Planning stresses preservation in situ of archaeological deposits as a first consideration as in paragraphs 8 and

18.

Paragraph 8 states:

‘...Where nationally important archaeological remains, whether scheduled or not, and their settings, are affected by proposed development there should be a presumption in favour of their physical preservation...’

Paragraph 18 states:

‘The desirability of preserving an ancient monument and its setting is a material consideration in determining planning applications whether that monument is scheduled or unscheduled...’

However, for archaeological deposits that are not of such significance it is appropriate for them to be ‘preserved by record’ (i.e., fully excavated and recorded by a competent archaeological contractor) prior to their destruction or damage.

Paragraph 25 states:

‘Where planning authorities decide that the physical preservation in situ of archaeological remains is not justified in the circumstances of the development and that development resulting in the destruction of the archaeological remains should proceed, it would be entirely reasonable for the planning authority to satisfy itself ... that the developer has made appropriate and satisfactory provision for the excavation and recording of remains.’

The Mole Valley Local Plan (MVLP 2000) takes a similar view;

Policy ENV48 states:

‘There will be a presumption in favour of preserving nationally important archaeological remains and their setting. Development that would adversely affect a Scheduled Ancient Monument, a Nationally Important Site or a County Site of Archaeological Importance or their setting will not be permitted.

Policy ENV49 states:

‘Where significant development proposals fall within an Area of High Archaeological Potential the developer will be required to provide an initial assessment of the archaeological value of the site preferably before, or otherwise as part of, any planning application

If as a result of that assessment important archaeological remains are considered to exist:

1) the developer may be required to arrange for an archaeological field survey to be carried out before the determination of the planning application and

2) where important archaeological remains are found to exist and can justifiably be left in situ, provision will be made by planning condition or agreement to minimise or avoid damage to remains. Alternatively, where there is good reason to believe archaeological remains exist but preservation of known remains in situ is not justified, a planning condition will normally be imposed requiring a programme of archaeological work in accordance with a scheme

approved by the Council to take place before any development commences and the results and any finds should be published and made available for public display.

Policy ENV50 states: ‘Outside areas of High Archaeological Potential the Council will require that the results of desk based archaeological assessments are submitted with any development proposals for a site larger that 0.4ha. If the results of any desk based assessment are inconclusive, or if they produce evidence of significant archaeological remains, then the numbered paragraph in Policy ENV 49 will be applicable.’

Policy ENV51 states:

‘Where archaeological remains are discovered on unidentified archaeological sites and development has already commenced, the co-operation of the developer will be sought to permit access to an investigation of the area

Policy ENV44 of the MVLP also provides guidance on the development which is within close proximity to a listed buildings.

‘Development will not be permitted where, by reason of its design, scale or proximity, it would significantly and adversely affect the setting or attractive views of a Listed Building.’

A grade II listed building is located immediately adjacent to the development area.

Methodology

The assessment of the site was carried out by the examination of pre-existing information from a number of sources recommended by the Institute of Field Archaeologists paper ‘Standards in British Archaeology’ covering desk-based studies. These sources include historic and modern maps, the Surrey Sites and Monuments Record, geological maps and any relevant publications or reports.

Archaeological background

General background

Stray finds of prehistoric in date have been recorded in this area, from close to the river (Stuttard 1998). Iron

Age field systems have also been recorded close to the River Mole (Field 2004), and at Hawk’s Hill an Iron Age settlement was excavated in the 1930s (Bird and Bird 1987). Other finds of note belong to the Saxon period with the Hawk’s Hill area of Fetcham being noteworthy for one or more large inhumation cemeteries (Poulton 1987, fig 8.1).

Surrey Sites and Monuments Record

A search was made of the Surrey Sites and Monuments Record (SMR) on the 25th August 2004 for a 1km radius around the site. This revealed 40 entries within close proximity to the site. No entries lay within the development

area itself. The results from this search are listed in Appendix 1, and summarized below, their locations are displayed on Figure 1.

Prehistoric

An Iron Age settlement site is recorded in the SMR as being located to the south-west of the site in the Hawk’s

Hill area, where several pits, gullies and postholes were recorded [Fig 1; 1]. A few sherds of Roman pottery were also recovered from the topsoil. Activity of Late Iron Age/Roman in date has been recorded adjacent to this site [8], and is most likely part of the same settlement complex.

Most of the other entries relating to this period are for stray finds located in the environs of the site such as a Mesolithic flint implement recorded during new cutting of the River Mole [2]. Several hearths were also recorded during this work but these were undated. To the south-east an Early Bronze Age discoidal knife was retrieved [3] as well as a triangular shaped arrowhead [5]. A barbed and tanged arrowhead and some Bronze Age pottery was recorded to the east of the site [4] and to the north a possible Neolithic arrowhead was recorded [6].

A flint tool, possibly Mesolithic or Early Neolithic in date was also retrieved from subsoil during fieldwork at the Swan Centre, Leatherhead [7] (Howe et al. 2003)

Roman

Roman activity is not as well represented in the SMR. At some distance to the south-east Late Iron Age and

Roman finds, including pottery, tile and coins, would appear to indicate the presence of another settlement [9]. A

Roman coin, a denarius of Constantine (AD306–37), is also recorded to the south of the site [10].

Saxon

This period is mainly represented by the presence of a Saxon cemetery, the main focus of which is located to the south-east of the site [13] but which may encompass the environs of the site as well. Approximately 40 inhumations were recorded in the Hawk’s Hill cemetery between 1803 and 1906, with further inhumations recorded during the digging of a pipe trench in 1977. A further 3 burials recorded during the excavation of a cess pit, approximately 100m to the south-west of the site on Guildford Road are also thought to be associated with the main cemetery [11]. Similarly, 20 inhumations were recorded in 1758 during the construction of the turnpike

[12]. The recovery of several Saxon weapons was recorded just to the north of the site in 1929 which included several swords, a scramasax and spearheads, material which is usually associated with inhumation burials [14].

It is not clear from these old records if there are several discrete cemeteries or one large cemetery which was in long term use and extended over a large area.

Medieval

Immediately adjacent to the site, on the opposite corner of Cobham Road and Guildford Road is the Old Rising

Sun Public House, which is though to date from 14th/15th century and is a Grade II listed building [15]. To the north-east is the location of Leatherhead bridge, which is also Grade II listed. The piers supporting the present bridge date to the 14th century [17]. In addition, a building located at 33–35 High Street, Leatherhead is also a

Grade II listed building 13th/14th century in date [21].

The site of a Cistercian Priory, founded in 1262, is recorded to the east of the site [16]. The ruins from the priory are now incorporated into a house named The Priory. A church also located to the east is medieval in origin with a 12th-century nave and 15th-century chancel, transept and tower [18]. The presence of a corn mill is noted to the north of the site [20]. A mill was granted to John D’Abernon in 1293 and bailiffs accounts from

1514 again record its presence. The mill remained in use until 1917 when it was destroyed during a fire, but the mill pond was utilized until 1957 to grow watercress (Stidder 1990).

The location of three manors is noted in the SMR. To the north-west of the site is Cannon’s Court manor house, which was acquired by Merton priory c. 1178 [22]. The present building on site, Cannon’s Court School is described as largely 18th/19th century in date, but with some 16th-century elements. Fetcham Park manor, which is to the south-west, is recorded in Domesday Book [23]. The original structure has now been demolished and the present building on site is 18th century in date. Similarly, Thorncroft Manor, located to the east of the site, is also recorded in Domesday Book A timber-framed structure is known to have survived on the site until

1763 when it was demolished and the present building constructed in its place [24].

Post medieval

Fieldwork in the area has identified several post medieval finds and features. For instance a 19th-/20th-century cobbled surface and area of dumping was recorded during fieldwork on Upper Fairfields Road to the north-east of the site [25] and work at 16–20 Bridge Street in Leatherhead recorded post medieval pits and postholes [27]

(Howe et al. 2001). A 17th-century cottage and well are also recorded to the north-east of the site [26], and during work on a house to the east of Fetcham a block of worked Greensand was recorded [28].

Modern/Undated/Negative Evidence

Modern truncation was recorded during fieldwork at Leatherhead Bus Garage [29] (Howe et al. 2000) as well as during fieldwork at Thorndike Theatre [16] (Howe et al. 2002).

A segment of ditch approximately 100m long was encountered during work to the south-west of the site and was thought to be associated with Fetcham Park but no dating evidence was obtained from the feature. This ditch also appears to correspond with a field boundary recorded on the Fetcham tithe map [30]. A brick drain, also undated, was recorded much further to the south-west close to Brocketts Farm [31]. In addition an evaluation slightly further to the west on Lower Road recorded two curvilinear ditches (Moore 2004), which were also identified during a watching brief on the site (Lowe 2004). No dating evidence was retrieved during either phase of work. Lastly evaluations at 26 Bridge Street [32], 7–11 Bridge Street [33] (Howe et al. 2000) and

Leatherhead Press recorded no archaeological finds or features [34] (Howe et al. 2003).

Scheduled Ancient Monuments

There are no Scheduled Ancient Monuments located on or within close proximity to the site.

Cartographic and documentary sources

Fetcham is first recorded in the 10th century as Fecham, and at the time of Domesday Book (1086) as Feceham meaning ‘homestead or village of a man named Fecca’ (Mills 1998). Activity in Fetcham prior to 1086 is most noticeably marked by the presence of a Saxon cemetery at Hawk’s Hill. The cemetery is dated to around the 6th century and is one of a few located on the slopes or close to the North Downs (Poulton 1987).

At the time of Domesday Book Fetcham was held as 3 manors (VCH 1967). The first reference to it indicates that it was within the Copthorne Hundred and was held by Queen Edith, and assessed at 7 hides. By

1086 it is held by the King and assessed at none. The presence of 4 mills and 10 acres of meadow are recorded, and before the Conquest it was worth 60s, and afterwards 50s. The second entry records that Fetcham was held by Richard on behalf of the Bishop of Bayeaux, and included the sixth of a mill and the third of another, with 10 acres of meadow. After the Conquest it was worth 60s and before 50s. The final entry for Fetcham records that it is held by Osweald. By 1086 it was worth 100s but prior to the Conquest was worth £4 (Williams and Martin

2002). There is no mention of a church in Domesday Book, however, the parish church does appear to be Late

Saxon/ Early medieval in origin (Blair 1991).

The Old Rising Sun public house located opposite the site, became an alehouse in the 18th/19th century and prior to this was a house, medieval in origin. The property was thought to have been located close to a chapel which is referred to in 1528 as The Chappelle of St Kateryn’s (Stuttard 1998).

A range of Ordnance Survey and other historical maps of the area were consulted at Surrey Record Office in order to ascertain what activity had been taking place throughout the site’s later history and whether this may have affected any possible archaeological deposits within the proposal area (see Appendix 2).

The earliest map available of the area is Saxton’s map of Surrey 1575 (Fig. 3). A church marks the presence of Fetcham, recorded as Fecchin, however, there is no further detail for the site itself. According to

Norden’s map of Surrey, 1594 (Fig. 4) Fetcham is now named, but no further detail for the town, or site, is given. However, of note on this map is the presence of a road which connects Fetcham with Leatherhead on the opposite side of the River Mole, and appears to correspond with the present day Guildford Road. This map also indicates that the River Mole reaches Fetcham from the north but to the south disappears underground. Speed’s map of surrey 1610 provides no further detail for the site at this time. According to Seller’s map of Surrey 1693 the area around Fetcham and Leatherhead has started to expand. Structures now line the route which links the two towns, but the settlement appears to be more focused on the Leatherhead side of the river.

Senex’s map of Surrey (Fig. 5) provides much more detail for the site. The route of Guildford Road is noted on this map as is its junction with, what is to become Cobham Road. Several buildings are located around the junction of the two roads, however the site has remained undeveloped. Rocque’s map of Surrey 1768 (Fig. 6) also shows the surrounding area in further detail, but again, at this time, the site is still undeveloped. Also of note on this map is the presence of the corn mill to the north of the site and Fetcham Park, which has developed to the west. Lindley and Crosley’s map of Surrey 1793 shows no further changes either on or within the vicinity of the site.

The Enclosure map for Fetcham, 1813 (Fig. 7) and the Fetcham Tithe map 1839 (Fig. 8) illustrate the lack of development on the site. The accompanying apportionment to the Tithe map indicates that at this time the site is a meadow, and owned by a Thomas Bridges. On both maps the mill and mill pond, which are located to the north of the site, are fairly prominent.

By the time of the First Edition Ordnance Survey, 1882 (Fig. 9) the site is still undeveloped. Guildford

Road is labelled as Hawk’s Hill on this map and the Rising Sun Public House is located adjacent to the site. This map also shows the location of the (Saxon) burials recorded in the 18th century. The Second Edition Ordnance

Survey map 1895 and 1914 Edition Ordnance Survey map indicate no further changes on the site. It is not until

the 1934 Ordnance Survey map (Fig. 10) that any changes, albeit very small, occur. By this time the plot for the site is now marked out and, what appears to be a pathway, is defined. By 1965, according to the Ordnance

Survey map (Fig. 11), the site is now occupied by the Rising Sun Public House as well as a few smaller buildings.

Geotechnical test pits

A geotechnical survey carried out by Southern Testing Laboratories Limited (2004) recorded 6 boreholes across the site, the results of these are recorded in Appendix 3, and shown on Figure 12.

In summary, boreholes (BH) 1 and 2 located close to the Cobham Road edge of the site encountered, below the Tarmac, approximately 0.60-0.70m of mainly dark brown grey sandy clay. This overlay a light brown yellow/orange clay. Chalk was encountered in BH 1 at a depth of 4.20m. Immediately to the rear of the property,

BH 3 and 4 record the presence of ‘silt’, presumably alluvium, at a depth of between 0.40-0.70m; in BH 4 it was overlain by 0.30m of clay. Chalk was also encountered at a depth of between 1.90-2.50m. A thick deposit of sand was recorded in BH 5, 1.65m thick immediately below the Tarmac, which overlay 0.30m of silt. Borehole 6 was taken through the mound to the rear of the property, along the south western boundary, and encountered

1.80m of brown silty gravelly sand clay which contained brick, mortar and cement. This area of made ground covered a 1.10m of silt, which was recorded to a depth of 3m.

Listed buildings

There are no listed buildings located on the site. However, on the opposite corner of Cobham Road and

Guildford Road is the Old Rising Sun Public House, a Grade II listed building, dating to c14th/15th century.

Registered Parks and Gardens; Registered Battlefields

There are no registered parks and gardens or registered battlefields located on the site.

Aerial Photographs

The site lies within an urban area which has been developed since before the advent of aerial photography. No photographic collections have therefore been consulted.

Discussion

In considering the archaeological potential of the study area, various factors must be taken into account, including previously recorded archaeological sites, previous land-use and disturbance and future land-use including the proposed development.

A survey of the archaeological and historical sources indicate that the site lies within an area of archaeological potential. A known Saxon cemetery is located to the south of the site and other finds relating to the cemetery have been encountered further down the slope, towards the area of the site. An assemblage of

Saxon weapons is also recorded to the north, and although no bodies are recorded associated with these it seems that they could still represent the continuation of the cemetery to the north. If this is the case the site would appear to be located within the extent of the cemetery. In addition, medieval activity is also recorded within close proximity to the site.

The cartographic sources suggest that the site, in its more recent history, has remained undisturbed until at least the mid 20th century. It is not clear, fully what impact the current development on site will have had on any archaeological deposits, but it is know that the building does have an associated small cellar which would have had an adverse impact on any below ground deposits. However, for the reminder of the site, archaeological deposits, should they exist, may be relatively undisturbed.

As a result of the sites positioning within an area of high archaeological potential and the information gained from the survey of the cartographic sources consulted, it would seems prudent to follow this initial phase of investigation with a more invasive study, in the form of a field evaluation. The implementation of a programme of trial trenching will provide necessary information about the presence or absence of archaeological deposits on this site. The information obtained from the field investigation can then be used to draw up a scheme to mitigate the impact of development on any below ground deposits. A scheme for this evaluation will need to be drawn up and approved by the archaeological advisers to the District Council and should be carried out by a competent archaeological contractor.

References BGS, 1978, British Geological Survey, Sheet 286, Drift Edition, 1:50000 Bird, D and Bird, J (eds), 1987, The Archaeology of Surrey to 1540, Surrey Archaeological Society, Guildford Blair, J, 1991, Early Medieval Surrey, Stroud Field, D, 2004, ‘Engraved Sequences and perception of Prehistoric country in south-east England’ in J Cotton, G Crocker and A Graham (eds) Aspects of Archaeology and History in Surrey, Surrey Archaeological Society, Guildford Geotechnical Testing Laboratories Limited, 2004, Preliminary Site Assessment, Report A2017 Howe, T, Jackson, G, Maloney, c and Saich, D, 2000, ‘Archaeology in Surrey 1997-9’, Surrey Archaeol Collect 87, 183–218

Howe, T, Jackson, G and Maloney, C, 2001, ‘Archaeology in Surrey 2000’, Surrey Archaeol Collects 88, 343– 63 Howe, T, Jackson, G and Maloney, C, 2002, ‘Archaeology in Surrey 2001’, Surrey Archaeol Collect 89, 257–28 Howe, T, Jackson, G and Maloney, C, 2003, ‘Archaeology in Surrey 2002’, Surrey Archaeol Collect 90, 347–71 Lowe, J, 2004, ‘17-19 Lower Road, Fetcham, Surrey. An Archaeological Watching Brief’, Thames Valley Archaeological Services, Report 04/08b, Reading Mills A, D, 1998, Dictionary of English Place Names, Oxford Moore, H, 2004, ‘17-19 Lower Road, Fetcham, Surrey. An Archaeological Evaluation’, Thames Valley Archaeological Services, Report 04/08, Reading Poulton, R, 1987, ‘ Saxon Surrey’, in J Bird and D G Bird (eds) The Archaeology of Surrey to 1540, Surrey Archaeological Society, Guildford PPG16, 1990, Dept of the Environment Planning Policy Guidance 16, Archaeology and Planning, HMSO Stidder, D, 1990, Watermills of Surrey, Buckingham Stuttard, J, C, 1998, A History of Fetcham, Leatherhead VCH, 1967, Victoria County History, Surrey, III, University of London Historical Research Williams, A and Martin, G, H, 2002, Domesday Book: A Complete Translation, London

APPENDIX 1: Sites and Monuments Records within a 1km search radius of the development site

No SMR Ref Grid Ref (TQ) Type Period Comment 1 121 1551 5540 Settlement Prehistoric Iron Age settlement recorded. 10 storage pits, 2 shallow pits, a drainage gully, sump and many postholes were all recorded. 2013 15510 55400 Fieldwork Roman Two fragments of samian were found during the excavation of Iron Age settlement 2 126 1638 5518 Findspot Prehistoric Mesolithic flint implement found during new cutting for the River Mole. 3 2020 16380 55180 Findspot Undated Undated hearths were found during new cutting for the River Mole 4 127 16550 55250 Findspot Prehistoric Early Bronze Age discoidal knife found in field. 136 1655 5618 Findspot Prehistoric Barbed and tanged arrowhead and some Bronze Age pot found in garden of Vicarage 5 159 1640 5530 Findspot Prehistoric Triangular leaf shaped arrowhead 6 163 1597 5699 Findspot Prehistoric Possible Neolithic flint arrowhead 7 5724 166 565 Fieldwork Prehistoric A single flint tool possibly Mesolithic or Early Neolithic in date was retrieved form the subsoil during an evaluation (Howe et al. 2003) 8 122 1568 5541 Settlement Iron Age/Roman Settlement site recorded within the grounds of Hawk’s Hill House. Corn storage pits and drying ovens were recorded and it appears the site was occupied until the 4th century. 9 166 164 554 Findspot Iron Age/Roman Possible location of Iron Age settlement as Late Iron Age pottery found as well as tiles and coin. 10 145 1580 5550 Findspot Roman/Saxon A denarius of Constantine and Saxon vase found in at Hawk’s Hill. 11 119 1587 55800 Cemetery Saxon 3 burials were encountered during the excavation of a cess pit. These are thought to be associated with the Hawk’s Hill Saxon cemetery 12 120 1586 5573 Cemetery Saxon 20 inhumations recorded in 1758 during the construction of a Turnpike. 13 123 1561 5549 Cemetery Saxon Hawk’s Hill cemetery. Approximately 40 inhumations found between 1803, 1886 and 1906, with further burial found in 1977. 14 147 1601 5617 Findspot Saxon Several Saxon weapons found including several swords, scramasax and spearheads. 15 124 1600 5605 Structure Medieval Old Rising Sun Pub 14th/15th century in date. Grade II listed 16 130 1667 5608 Priory Medieval Cistercian Priory founded by Henry De Apurdele in 1262. The ruins of the Priory are now incorporated into The priory house. 5440 1667 5610 Fieldwork Modern Evaluation at Thorndike Theatre, Church Street revealed modern disturbance (Howe, Jackson, Maloney 2002) 17 1969 163 563 Structure Medieval The piers of Leatherhead Bridge are 14th century in date. The bridge is Grade II listed 18 158 1676 5616 Structure Medieval Church with 12th century nave and 15th century chancel, transept and tower. 19 164 1657 5644 Findspot Medieval Late 13th century pot found. 20 3851 1602 5632 Structure Medieval Site of medieval mill. The mill was granted to John D’Abernon by Adam Le Sousse in 1293, an is mentioned again in bailiffs accounts in 1514, the building was burnt down and destroyed in 1917. 21 4162 1667 5648 Structure Medieval Grade II listed building 13th/14th century in date. 33-35 High Street, Leatherhead 22 135 1542 5652 Manor House Medieval/ Site of Cannon Court Manor house which was Post medieval acquired by Merton priory in c 1178. The Cannons court building is described as being largely 18th and 19th century in date. 2021 15420 56520 Structure Post medieval Cannon’s Court School. 18th century in date, with some 16th century timber frames. Grade II listed 23 4681 150 557 Structure Medieval/Post Fetcham Park, site of Domesday Manor. Current medieval house rebuilt in 18th century 24 4684 165 558 Structure Medieval/Post Thorncroft Manor, site of Domesday Manor. In medieval 1763 a late 15th century timber framed house was replaced by the present building 25 165 16509 56574 Fieldwork Post medieval Cobbled surface encountered during fieldwork in Leatherhead 25 2035 16509 56574 Fieldwork Post medieval Fieldwork on Upperfields Road found 19th/20th century dumping.

No SMR Ref Grid Ref (TQ) Type Period Comment 26 3611 1661 5632 Structure Post medieval Well in grounds of cottage. The cottage is 17th century in date and the well is assumed to be the same date. 27 5436 1645 5645 Fieldwork Post medieval Evaluation at 16-20 Bridge Street recorded Post medieval pits and postholes (Howe, Jackson and Maloney 2001) 28 4284 1662 5626 Fieldwork Post medieval Block of worked greensand recorded during work on foundations of mansion. 29 5426 1607 5612 Fieldwork Modern An evaluation at the Leatherhead Bus Garage revealed the site had been truncated by modern excavations (Howe et al 2000) 30 2108 15560 55520 Ditch Undated Field boundary ditch , recorded on the Tithe map for Fetcham 128 15553 5556 to Ditch Undated A segment of ditch 100m in length recorded, 1561 5549 possible associated with Fetcham Park 31 1970 150 557 Structure Undated Brick drain encountered during work at Fetcham Park house in 1957 32 5427 1642 5641 Fieldwork Negative evidence Evaluation at 26 Bridge Street encountered no archaeological finds or features (Howe et al 2000) 33 5435 1654 5639 Fieldwork Negative evidence Evaluation at 7-11 Bridge Street recorded no archaeological features or finds (Howe et al 2000) 34 5723 163 564 Fieldwork Negative evidence No archaeological finds or features were recorded during a watching brief at Leatherhead Press, Emlyn Lane (Howe, Jackson and Maloney 2003)

APPENDIX 2: Historic and modern maps consulted

1575 Saxton’s map of Surrey (Fig. 3) 1594 Norden’s map of Surrey (Fig. 4) 1610 Speed’s map of Surrey 1693 Seller’s map of Surrey 1729 Senex map of Surrey (Fig. 5) 1768 Rocque’s map of Surrey (Fig. 6) 1793 Lindley and Crosley’s map of Surrey 1813 Fetcham Enclosure map (Fig. 7) 1839 Fetcham Tithe map (Fig. 8) 1882 First Edition Ordnance Survey map (Fig. 9) 1895 Second Edition Ordnance Survey map 1914 Edition Ordnance Survey map 1934 Ordnance Survey map (Fig. 10) 1965 Ordnance Survey map (Fig. 11)

APPENDIX 3: Geotechnical data

Key:

Prehistoric Post medieval/modern SITE

Saxon Undated/Negative/ Mixed Medieval

57000 6

25 22 7 27 34 19 21 32 33 20 26 17 28 SITE 14 4 18 29 16 15 56000

11 24

23 12

30 13 10

9 1 8

5 3 2

55000 31

TQ15000 16000 RGF04/80 The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey, 2004 Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment

Figure 1. Location of site within Fetcham and Surrey.

Reproduced from Ordnance Survey Pathfinder 1206 TQ05/15 at 1:12500 Ordnance Survey Licence 100025880 56100

SITE

56000

TQ15900 16000 RGF04/80 The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey, 2004 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment

Figure 2. Site plan SITE

RGF04/80 The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey, 2004 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment

Figure 3. Saxton’s map of Surrey, 1575 SITE

RGF04/80 The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey, 2004 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment

Figure 4. Norden’s map of Surrey, 1594 SITE

RGF04/80 The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey, 2004 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment

Figure 5. Senex map of Surrey, 1729 SITE

RGF04/80 The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey, 2004 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment

Figure 6. Roque’s map of Surrey, 1768 SITE

RGF04/80 The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey, 2004 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment

Figure 7. Fetcham Enclosure map, 1813 N

SITE

RGF04/80 The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey, 2004 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment

Figure 8. Fetcham Tithe map, 1839 SITE

RGF04/80 The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey, 2004 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment

Figure 9. First Edition Ordnance Survey map, 1882 SITE

RGF04/80 The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey, 2004 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment

Figure 10. 1934 Edition Ordnance Survey map 56200

56100

SITE

56000

55900

55800

TQ 15600 15700 15800 15900 RGF04/80 The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey, 2004 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment

Figure 11. 1965 Ordnance Survey map SITE

RGF04/80 The Rising Sun, Guildford Road, Fetcham, Surrey, 2004 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment

Figure 12. Plan showing location of boreholes