Germanwings Flight 9525 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Germanwings_Flight_9525&printable=yes

Coordinates: 44°16 ′50 ″N 6°26 ′20 ″E Flight 9525 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Germanwings Flight 9525 ( 4U9525 /GWI18G [5][a]) was a scheduled international passenger flight from –El Prat Airport in Spain to Düsseldorf Airport in Germany, operated by Germanwings, a low-cost airline owned by . Germanwings Flight 9525 On 24 March 2015, the aircraft, an A320-200, crashed 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of , in the French Alps, after a constant descent that began one minute after the last routine contact with and shortly after the aircraft had reached its assigned cruise altitude. All 144 passengers and six crew members were killed.

French and German prosecutors believe that the crash was intentionally caused by the co-pilot, 27-year-old Andreas Lubitz. Although he had been declared "unfit to work" and was hiding an illness from his employers, Lubitz reported for duty nonetheless, locking the captain out of the cockpit before initiating a descent that caused the plane to impact a mountain.

In response to the incident and the circumstances of Lubitz's involvement, aviation authorities in Canada, New Zealand, Germany and Australia implemented new regulations that require two authorized personnel to be present in the cockpit at all times. [6][7][8][9] Three days after the D-AIPX, the aircraft involved in the incident, [10] incident the European Agency issued a temporary recommendation for airlines to ensure that at least two crew members, including at least one pilot, are in the cockpit at all times of the flight. Several airlines announced they had already adopted similar policies pictured in May 2014 voluntarily. [6][11][12][13] Incident summary Date 24 March 2015 Summary Suspected deliberate flight into Contents terrain; under investigation Site Prads-Haute-Bléone, Alpes- 1 Flight de-Haute-Provence, France 1.1 Crash site 44°16 ′50 ″N 6°26 ′20 ″E[1] 2 Aircraft Passengers 144 [2] 3 Crew and passengers Crew 6[2][3] 3.1 Crew Fatalities 150 (all) [4] 3.2 Passengers Survivors 0 4 Investigation Aircraft type Airbus A320-200 Operator Germanwings 4.1 Cause of crash Registration D-AIPX 5 Response Flight origin Barcelona–El Prat Airport, 5.1 Political Barcelona, Spain 5.2 Commercial Destination Düsseldorf Airport, Düsseldorf, 5.3 Regulatory Germany 5.4 Legal 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External links

Flight

Flight 9525 took off from Runway 07R at Barcelona–El Prat Airport at 10:01 a.m. CET (09:01 UTC) and was due to arrive at Düsseldorf Airport by 11:39 CET. [2][14] The flight's scheduled departure time was 9:35 CET. [15]

The air traffic controller declared the aircraft in distress after the aircraft's descent and loss of radio contact. [16][17] According to the French national civil aviation inquiries bureau, the Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile (BEA; English: Bureau of Investigations and Analyses for the Security of Civil Aviation), [18] pilots confirmed instructions from French air traffic control at 10:30 CET. At 10:31 CET, after crossing the French coast near , the aircraft left its assigned cruising altitude of 38,000 feet (12,000 m) and without approval began a rapid descent.

The descent time from 38,000 feet was about 10 minutes; radar observed an average descent rate of approximately 3,400 feet per minute or 58 feet per second (18 m/s). [19] Attempts by French air traffic control to contact the flight on the assigned radio frequency were not answered. A French military Mirage jet was scrambled from the Orange-Caritat Air Base to intercept the aircraft. [20][21] According to the BEA, radar contact was lost at 10:40 CET; at the time, the aircraft was flying at an altitude of 6,175 feet (1,882 m). [22] The aircraft crashed within the territory of the remote commune of Prads-Haute-Bléone, 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of Nice.[23][24][25][26]

The crash is the deadliest air disaster in France since the crash of Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 1308 in 1981, in which 180 people died, and the third-deadliest in France behind Flight 1308 and Flight 981.[27] This was the first major crash of a civil airliner in France since the crash of Flight 4590 on takeoff from Charles de Gaulle Airport in 2000.[28] The crash is also the first loss of a Lufthansa-owned airliner during the cruising phase of flight. [29] Altitude chart (metres) Flight path Crash site

The crash site is within the Massif des Trois-Évêchés, three kilometres (1.9 mi) east of the settlement of Le Vernet and beyond the road to the Col de Mariaud, in an area known as the Ravin du Rosé. [30] The site is on the southern side of the Tête du Travers, [30][31] a minor peak at the lower western slopes of the Tête de l'Estrop. The site is approximately ten kilometres (6 mi) west of Mount Cimet, where crashed in 1953. [32][33]

Gendarmerie nationale and Sécurité Civile sent helicopters to locate the wreckage. [34][35] The aircraft had disintegrated, the largest piece of wreckage being "the size of a car." [36] A helicopter landed near the site of the crash and confirmed that there were no survivors. [37] The search and rescue team reported that the debris field is two square kilometres (500 acres) in size. [25] The DGAC set up temporary flight restrictions in the area surrounding the crash site. Rescue efforts were suspended overnight by the French authorities to ensure the safety of the rescuers. [38]

Aircraft

The aircraft was a 24-year-old Airbus A320-211,[b] serial number 147, registered as D-AIPX. It first flew on 29 November 1990. [39] It was delivered to Lufthansa on 5 February 1991, [40][41] before being leased to Germanwings from 1 June 2003 until mid-2004. [42] It was then returned to The flight crashed in the Massif des Lufthansa on 22 July 2004 and remained with Lufthansa until 2014, during which time it was named Mannheim .[41][42] It was finally transferred to Germanwings on 31 January 2014. [41][42] Trois-Évêchés.

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The aircraft had accumulated about 58,300 flight hours on 46,700 flights. [43 ] The original Design Service Goal (DSG) of the aircraft was 60,000 hours or 48,000 flights. In 2012, an optional Extended Service Goal (ESG1) was approved, extending the service life to 120,000 hours or 60,000 flights, provided that a required package of service and inspections was performed before the DSG was reached. [44]

Crew and passengers

People on board by nationality [45] Nationality No. Ref. Germany [c] 70 [47] Spain 51 [48] Argentina 3 [49] Kazakhstan 3 [50]

United Kingdom [d] 3 [53] United States 3 [54] Australia 2 [55] Colombia 2 [56] Iran 2 [57] Japan 2 [58] Mexico [e] 2 [60] Morocco 2 [61] Venezuela 2 [62] Belgium 1 [63] Chile 1 [64] Denmark 1 [65] Israel 1 [66] Netherlands 1 [67] Turkey 1 [68] Total number of 150 fatalities Number of fatalities with multiple 4 citizenships

There were 144 passengers, two pilots and four cabin crew on board, from at least 18 countries, mostly Germany and Spain. [45] The early count was confused by .[69]

Crew

The , Patrick Sondenheimer, [70] had 10 years of flying experience (6000 flight hours) [23] flying A320s with Germanwings, Lufthansa and .[71][72]

The co-pilot was the 27-year-old Andreas Lubitz.[73][74] Lubitz had taken time out from his pilot training in 2009; [75] an acquaintance of his said this was because he had suffered from burnout and depression. [76] He had 630 flight hours of experience. [77] Lubitz was treated for depression in the past. Lubitz was suffering from an unspecified illness and a sick note for the day of the crash was found torn up in his flat. He had not revealed his illness to the airline or authorities. [78][79][80][81] On 28 March, two officials with knowledge of the investigation said that he had sought treatment for an eyesight problem. During the search of his apartment the police found antidepressants. [82] On 30 March, investigators in Dusseldorf revealed that Lubitz had been treated for suicidal tendencies several years before becoming a pilot. [83]

Passengers

Among the passengers were 16 schoolchildren and two teachers from the Joseph-König-Gymnasium of , North Rhine-Westphalia. They were on their way home from a student exchange with the Giola Institute in Llinars del Vallès, Barcelona. [84] Haltern's mayor, Bodo Klimpel, has described it as "the darkest day in the history of [the] town." [85]

Bass-baritone Oleg Bryjak and contralto , singers with Deutsche Oper am Rhein, were also on the flight. [86][87]

Investigation

The Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile (BEA) opened an investigation into the crash, joined by its German counterpart, the Federal Bureau of Aircraft Accident Investigation (BFU), and assisted by the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). [88][89] On 24 March, the BEA sent seven investigators to the crash site, accompanied by representatives from Airbus and CFM International. The cockpit voice recorder (CVR) was recovered by rescue workers and was examined by the investigation team. [90][91] The recorder was damaged in the crash, but was still in a usable condition. [92] The BEA released photos of the CVR [93] and was able to extract a voice recording. [94]

Cause of crash

According to French and German prosecutors, the crash was intentional.[95][96][97] prosecutor Brice Robin said that co-pilot Andreas Lubitz, a 27-year-old German citizen, was initially courteous in the first part of the trip, then became "curt" when the pilot began the mid-flight briefing on the planned landing. [98] Robin said that when the pilot returned from a probable toilet break and tried to enter the cockpit, Lubitz had locked the door. [95][96] The pilot had a code to unlock the door, but the code panel can be disabled from the cockpit controls. [99][7] The pilot requested re-entry using the intercom, knocking and then banging on the door, but received no response. [100] The pilot then repeatedly tried to break down the door. [101][18][102] Transponder data show the autopilot had switched from the cruising altitude of 38,000 feet (12,000 m) to 100 feet (30 m), the autopilot's lowest setting. [103] During the descent, the co-pilot also did not respond to questions from air traffic control and did not transmit a distress call. [104] Robin said that contact from the Marseille air traffic control tower, the pilot's attempts to break in, and Lubitz's steady breathing were audible on the cockpit voice recorder. [96][105] The screams of passengers can be heard in the last moments before impact. [98] The aircraft was traveling at 700 kilometres per hour (430 mph) when it crashed into the mountain. [98]

On 27 March, German detectives searched properties in Montabaur that Lubitz spent time in and removed a computer and other items for testing. They did not find a suicide note or any evidence that his actions had been motivated by "a political or religious background". [106][107][108]

During their search of Lubitz's apartment, detectives found a letter in a waste bin indicating that he had been declared "unfit to work" by a doctor. Germanwings reported that it had not received any sick note for the day of the flight. News accounts characterized this as "hiding an illness from his employers." [109] Under German law, employers do not have access to medical records of employees, and sick notes excusing a person from work do not give information on medical conditions. [110]

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Response

Political

French Minister of the Interior Bernard Cazeneuve promptly announced that due to the "violence of the impact" there was "little hope" that any survivors would be found. [111] Prime Minister dispatched Cazeneuve to the scene and set-up a ministerial crisis cell to co-ordinate the response to the incident. [112]

German Chancellor traveled to the crash site on 25 March together with Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia .[113][114] German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier flew over the crash site on 24 March, describing it as "a picture of horror". [112] Merkel visited the recovery operations base at -les-Alpes along with French Prime Minister Valls and Spanish Prime Minister .[115]

Bodo Klimpel, mayor of Haltern am See, reacting to the deaths of 16 schoolchildren and two teachers from the town, said: "A feeling of shock can be felt everywhere. It is about the worst thing imaginable." [116]

Commercial

Several Germanwings flights were cancelled on 24–25 March, which the pilots' union says was due to grief at the loss of their colleagues. [117][118]

Lufthansa Chief Executive visited the crash location on 25 March, and afterwards said that this is "the darkest day for Lufthansa in its 60-year history". [119]

On 25 March, Germanwings retired the flight number 4U9525, changing it to 4U9441. The outbound flight number was also changed: from 4U9524 to 4U9440. The flight numbers for the later Düsseldorf to Barcelona flight remain unchanged. [120]

When reporters asked Germanwings if another member of the flight crew must be present in the cockpit when one of the pilots leaves, they replied that the company had no such requirement, and that this was not required under European regulations.[121][122] Lufthansa later introduced a policy in which all their airlines (including Germanwings) will require two crew members in the cockpit. [123]

Regulatory

In response to the incident and the circumstances of Lubitz's involvement, aviation authorities in Canada, New Zealand, Germany and Australia implemented new regulations that require two authorized personnel to be present in the cockpit at all times. [7][6][8][124] While some European airlines already required this by policy, [12] the European Union's air safety agency, the European Aviation Safety Agency, has recommended that similar changes be introduced. [8][125] Other airlines announced similar changes to their policies. [6][11][12][13] A similar "rule of two" requirement has been imposed by the Federal Aviation Administration in the United States since 2002. [13][126] The Civil Aviation Administration of China also requires that at least two crew members are in the cockpit of a Chinese-registered civil plane in flight at any given time. [127]

Legal

On 27 March, Germanwings' parent Lufthansa offered victims' families an initial aid payment of up to €50,000, separate from any compensation that must by law be paid over the disaster. Elmar Giemulla, a professor of aviation law at the Technical University of Berlin, quoted by the Rheinische Post , said that he expected the airline would pay a total of €10–30 million in compensation. The determines a cap of €143,000 per victim in the event an airline is held liable. [128]

See also

Accidents and incidents involving the List of accidents and incidents involving airliners by location § France List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft Suicide by pilot EgyptAir Flight 990 Japan Airlines Flight 350 LAM Mozambique Airlines Flight 470 Royal Air Maroc Flight 630 SilkAir Flight 185

Notes

a. Abbreviated forms of the flight name combine the airline's IATA airline code ( 4U ) or ICAO airline code ( GWI ) with the flight number. b. The aircraft was an Airbus A320-200 model; the 11 specifies it was fitted with CFM International CFM56-5A1 engines. c. Including two passengers with dual Bosnian-German citizenship.[46] d. Including an infant with Spanish-Polish-British citizenship.[51][52] e. One of them had dual Mexican-Spanish citizenship.[59]

References

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"Andreas Lubitz: Everything we know on crash of the A320 in the Alps] (http://www.liberation.fr/societe/2015/03/24/crash- /11875536.Crash_plane_made__8_minute_descent_/). Echo . Press Association. /news/2015-03-25/germanwings-airbus-a320-crash-familes-mourn-victims Sunday about Germanwings plane crash co-pilot" (http://www.telegraph.co.uk d-un-a320-de-germanwings-dans-les-alpes-ce-que-l-on-sait_1227309). Libération Retrieved 24 March 2015. /6345758). Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 25 March 2015. Retrieved /news/worldnews/europe/france/11496066/Andreas-Lubitz-hid-illness-Everything- (in French). 25 March 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2015. 38. "Germanwings crash: search suspended" (http://www.euronews.com/2015/03 25 March 2015. we-know-on-Sunday-about-Germanwings-plane-crash-co-pilot.html). The Daily 21. "Germanwings plane crash: Airbus A320 glide to destruction 'took 18 minutes not /24/airbus-crashes-in-southern-france-with-142-passengers-on-board-authorities/). 56. 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"BEA Pressconference 25.05.2015 slides" (http://aviation-safety.net/photos 2015. Caracol Radio (in Spanish). 24 March 2015. Retrieved 24 March 2015. Germanwings flight 4U9525?" (http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews /displayphoto.php?id=20150324-0&vnr=3&kind=G). BEA . 25 March 2015. 40. "D-AIPX Germanwings Airbus A320-200 - cn 147" (http://www.planespotters.net 57. "Tasnim Reporter Among Germanwings Crash Victims" /europe/france/11496066/Andreas-Lubitz-and-Patrick-S-What-do-we-know-about- Retrieved 26 March 2015. /Production_List/Airbus/A320/147,D-AIPX-Germanwings.php). planespotters.net. (http://www.tasnimnews.com/english/Home/Single/694374). Tasnim News the-pilots-on-Germanwings-flight-4U9525.html). The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 23. "Crash: Germanwings A320 near Barcelonnette on Mar 24th 2015, lost height and Retrieved 28 March 2015. Agency. 25 March 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015. 26 March 2015. impacted terrain" (http://avherald.com/h?article=483a5651). The Aviation Herald . 41. "Aircraft Registration Database Lookup" (http://www.airframes.org/reg/daipx). 58. "Germanwings crash: why don't we know who was on board Flight 9525?" 74. "Germanwings Co-Pilot Named as Andreas Lubitz" (http://www.wsj.com/articles Retrieved 24 March 2015. airframes.org. Retrieved 28 March 2015. (http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/eu/11494411/French- /germanwings-co-pilot-named-as-andreas-lubitz-1427370009). The Wall Street 24. "Germanwings Airbus crashes in French Alps, 150 dead" (http://www.reuters.com 42. "Airbus A320 - MSN 147 - D-AIPX Airline Germanwings" Alps-crash-We-still-not-know-who-was-on-board-Germanwings-9525.html). The Journal . Dow Jones & Co. Retrieved 26 March 2015. /article/2015/03/24/us-france-crash-airbus-lufthansa- (http://www.airfleets.net/ficheapp/plane-a320-147.htm). Airfleets.net. Retrieved Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 26 March 2015. 75. 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Retrieved 24 March 2015. /plane-flying-from-barcelona-to-dusseldorf-crashes-in-france-2015-3). Business 60. "SRE identifica a 2 mexicanas que murieron en avionazo" [SRE identifies 2 him" (http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/france/11496066 26. Adam Withnall (24 March 2015). "A320 crashes: Germanwings Flight down in Insider . Retrieved 24 March 2015. Mexicans killed in aircraft] (http://www.milenio.com/internacional /Andreas-Lubitz-and-Patrick-S-What-do-we-know-about-the-pilots- southern France" (http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/airbus- 44. " New Life for the A320" (http://www.lufthansa-technik.com /mexicanos_accidente_avion_Francia-avionazo_Francia-aerolinea_Germanwings- on-Germanwings-flight-4U9525.html). The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 26 March a320-crash-german-wings-flight-down-in-southern-france-10129817.html). The /documents/100446/160376/Technik+Connection+4-2012.pdf) (PDF). Daniela_Ayon_0_487751273.html). Milenio (in Spanish) (Mexico City). 25 2015. Independent . Retrieved 24 March 2015. Connection . Lufthansa Technik Group. July–August 2012. p. 20. March 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015. 77. "Germanwings crash: Who was co-pilot Andreas Lubitz?" (http://www.bbc.co.uk .Two Moroccan victims /news/world-europe-32072220). BBC News. Retrieved 26 March 2015] " ﻣ اة اّ ااب ا" .Germanwings Airbus Carrying 150 Crashes in French Alps" 45. "Airbus A320 Crash in France" (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/32030778). BBC 61" .27 (http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/25/world/europe/germanwings- News. Retrieved 24 March 2015. were in the aircraft that crashed on French soil] (http://www.hespress.com/faits- 78. "Germanwings crash: Co-pilot Lubitz 'hid illness' " (http://www.bbc.com crash.html?_r=0). The New York Times . 24 March 2015. Retrieved 24 March 46. "Fehret i Emira iz BiH me đu žrtvama tragi čnog leta" (http://www.avaz.ba/clanak divers/258966.html). Hespress (in Arabic). 24 March 2015. Retrieved 24 March /news/world-europe-32087203). BBC News. Retrieved 27 March 2015. 2015. /170376/fehret-i-emira-iz-bih-medu-zrtvama-tragicnog-leta-vracali-se-sa- 2015. 79. "Germanwings co-pilot Andreas Lubitz hid illness from employers - Business utakmice-barcelona-real). Avaz (in Bosnian). Retrieved 26 March 2015. Insider" (http://uk.businessinsider.com/germanwings-co-pilot-andreas-lubitz- hid-illness-from-employers-2015-3). Business Insider . 27 March 2015. Retrieved 27 March 2015.

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80. Kauh, Elaine (27 March 2015). "Investigators: Germanwings Co-pilot Concealed 92. "French Interior Minister says crashed Germanwings plane's voice recorder 104. Lori Hinnant; Dave McHugh (26 March 2015). "Alone at controls, co-pilot sought 115. "Hollande, Merkel, Rajoy visit Germanwings A320 crash site" Medical Treatment" (http://www.avweb.com/avwebflash/news/Investigators- damaged, but 'usable' " (http://www.foxnews.com/world/2015/03/25/investigators- to 'destroy' the plane" (http://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/alone-at-controls- (http://www.english.rfi.fr/europe/20150325-hollande-merkel-rajoy-visit- Germanwings-Co-pilot-Concealed-Medical-Treatment-223742-1.html). AVweb . face-daunting-search-for-clues-to-germanwings-flight-disaster/). Fox News co-pilot-sought-to-destroy-the-plane/ar-AAa1d9O?ocid=ASUDHP). MSN. germanwings-a320-crash-site-barcelona-dusseldorf). Radio France Internationale. Retrieved 27 March 2015. Channel. Retrieved 25 March 2015. 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"Useable voice recording recovered from Alps Australia: ABC News. 27 March 2015. 117. "Current information" (https://www.germanwings.com/en/information/current- 82. "Germanwings Pilot Andreas Lubitz Sought Treatment for Vision Problems Before crash: investigators" (http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/03/25/us-france-crash- 106. "Airbus 320 crash: What we known about A320 co-pilot Andreas Lubitz" information.html). Germanwings. Retrieved 25 March 2015. Crash, Authorities Say" (http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/29/world/europe/pilot- investigation-idUSKBN0ML1Y320150325). Paris. Reuters. Retrieved 25 March (http://www.news.com.au/travel/travel-updates/what-we-know-about-a320-co- 118. "Distraught Germanwings pilots refuse to fly" (http://money.cnn.com/2015/03 andreas-lubitz-sought-treatment-for-vision-problems-before-germanwings-crash- 2015. pilot-andreas-lubitz/story-fnizu68q-1227280471225). News.com.au . 28 March /25/news/companies/germanwings-crash-pilots/). CNN. 25 March 2015. authorities-say.html). The New York Times . Retrieved 28 March 2015. 95. Hepher, Tim; Rosnoblet, Jean-Francois (26 March 2015). "Co-pilot appears to 2015. Retrieved 28 March 2015. "but hid his illness from his employer and 119. "Lufthansa boss says past hours 'darkest in 60-year history' " (http://www.itv.com 83. Calamur, Krishnadev; Chappell, Bill (30 March 2015). "Germanwings Crash: have crashed Germanwings plane deliberately: French prosecutor" colleagues." /news/update/2015-03-25/lufthansa-boss-says-past-hours-darkest-in-60- Co-Pilot Was Treated For Suicidal Tendenciess" (http://www.npr.org/blogs (http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/03/26/us-france-crash- 107. "Germanwings plane crash: Police say 'significant discovery' at home of co-pilot year-history/). ITV News. 25 March 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015. /thetwo-way/2015/03/30/396309456/germanwings-crash-search-crews-isolate- idUSKBN0MK2U020150326). Reuters. Retrieved 26 March 2015. Andreas Lubitz is not a suicide note" (http://belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/world- 120. "germanwings Retires Flight Number 4U9525; New Flight Numbers from dna-seek-second-black-box). NPR. Retrieved 30 March 2015. 96. Clark, Nicola; Bilefsky, Dan (26 March 2015). "Germanwings Co-Pilot news/germanwings-plane-crash-police-say-significant-discovery-at-home- 25MAR15" (http://airlineroute.net/2015/03/24/4u-mar15/). airlineroute.net. 84. "Germanwings A320 Crash Victims Include 15 German Schoolchildren, Local Deliberately Crashed Airbus Jet, French Prosecutor Says" of-copilot-andreas-lubitz-is-not-a-suicide-note-31099248.html). The Belfast Retrieved 25 March 2015. Media Reports" (http://www.ibtimes.com/germanwings-a320-crash-victims- (http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/27/world/europe/germanwings-crash.html). The Telegraph . 27 March 2015. Retrieved 27 March 2015. 121. "Germanwings crash: 'co-pilot's actions leave us speechless,' says airline – live include-15-german-schoolchildren-local-media-reports-1857200). International New York Times . Retrieved 26 March 2015. 108. "Germanwings plane crash: Co-pilot 'wanted to destroy plane' " updates" (http://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2015/mar/26/germanwings- Business Times . 24 March 2015. Retrieved 24 March 2015. 97. "Germanwings Flight 4U9525: Co-pilot put plane into descent, prosecutor says" (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-32063587). BBC News. 26 March plane-crash-investigation-press-conference-live-updates-4u9525). The Guardian . 85. "As Night Falls, Officials Call Off Search Operation For German Plane" (http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/germanwings-flight-4u9525-co-pilot-put-plane- 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2015. 26 March 2015. (http://wusfnews.wusf.usf.edu/post/148-board-crashed-airliner-feared- into-descent-prosecutor-says-1.3010045). CBC News. 26 March 2015. Retrieved 109. Pearson, Michael; Smith-Spark, Laura; Karimi, Faith (27 March 2015). 122. Jean-Francois Rosnoblet (26 March 2015). "Just one pilot in cockpit at time of dead-french-officials-say). wusfnews . wusf.usf.edu. 25 March 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2015. "Germanwings co-pilot Andreas Lubitz declared 'unfit to work,' officials say" French Alps crash: German prosecutor" (http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/03 28 March 2015. 98. "Flight 4U 9525: What happened in the final 30 minutes" (http://www.bbc.co.uk (http://www.cnn.com/2015/03/27/europe/france-germanwings-plane-crash- /26/us-france-crash-idUSKBN0MK2U020150326). Reuters. 86. "Oleg Bryjak unter den Opfern des Airbus-Absturzes" [Oleg Bryjak among the /news/world-europe-32072218). BBC. Retrieved 27 March 2015. main/index.html). CNN. Retrieved 27 March 2015. "Germanwings co-pilot 123. Bryan. Victoria (28 March 2015). "Germanwings plane crash: Lufthansa to require victims of the Airbus crash] (http://operamrhein.de/). Deutsche Oper am Rhein . 99. "Germanwings Crash: How the Lock on the Cockpit Door Works" Andreas Lubitz was hiding an illness from his employers and had been declared two crew members in cockpit at all times" (http://www.smh.com.au/world 24 March 2015. Retrieved 24 March 2015. (http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2015/03/26/world/europe/germanwings- "unfit to work" by a doctor, according to German authorities investigating what /germanwings-plane-crash-lufthansa-to-require-two-crew-members-in-cockpit- 87. Shammas, John (24 March 2015). "Germanwings Airbus A320 plane crash: First cockpit-door-lock.html). The New York Times . 26 March 2015. Retrieved could have prompted the seemingly competent and stable pilot to steer his jetliner at-all-times-20150328-1m9rg3.html). The Sydney Morning Herald . Retrieved pictures of opera singers Maria Radner and Oleg Bryjak among 150 dead" 27 March 2015. into a French mountain." 29 March 2015. (http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/germanwings-airbus-a320-plane-crash- 100. "Germanwings Airbus A320 tragedy: cockpit recordings reveal co-pilot Andreas 110. "Germanwings plane crash: Co-pilot had been treated for suicidal tendencies, 124. "Germanwings: Australia tightens cockpit safety laws in wake of French Alps 5394028). Daily Mirror . London. Retrieved 24 March 2015. Lubitz crashed plane deliberately" (http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/aviation prosecutors say" (http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-03-31/copilot-had-previous- plane crash" (http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-03-30/federal-government- 88. "FBI assisting in crash investigation" (http://edition.cnn.com/videos/us/2015/03/26 /11498132/Germanwings-Airbus-A320-tragedy-cockpit-recordings-reveal- treatment-for-suicidal-tendencies/6360548). ABC News (Australia) . 31 March announces-new-cockpit-safety-standards/6358474/). Australian Broadcasting /lead-brown-fbi-investigation-germanwings-crash.cnn). CNN. 26 March 2015. co-pilot-Andreas-Lubitz-crashed-plane-deliberately.html). telegraph.co.uk . 2015. 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External links

"Accident to the Airbus A320-211 registered D-AIPX, flight GWI18G, on 24 March 2015 (http://www.bea.aero/en/enquetes/flight.gwi18g/flight.gwi18g.php)" - Bureau d'Enquêtes et d'Analyses pour la Sécurité de l'Aviation Civile Wikimedia Commons has Accident description (http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20150324-0) at the Aviation Safety Network media related to Germanwings Flight 9525 . Statement by Germanwings (https://www.germanwings.com/en/information/current-information.html) List of aircraft accidents and incidents intentionally caused by pilots (http://news.aviation-safety.net/2015/03/26/list-of-aircraft-accidents-and-incidents-deliberately-caused-by-pilots/) on the Aviation safety network website

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Categories: 2015 in Germany 2015 in Spain Accidents and incidents involving Germanwings (Deutsche Lufthansa AG) Accidents and incidents involving the Airbus A320 Alpes-de-Haute-Provence Aviation accidents and incidents in 2015 Aviation accidents and incidents in France History of the Alps

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