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43-45 Warwick Road, Canterbury, Kent Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment in Advance of the Proposed Development of Land at the rear of 20 High Street, Hythe, Kent. National Grid Reference TR 615949 134719 Report for Kevin Kennelly Date of Report: 19th June 2018 SWAT ARCHAEOLOGY Swale and Thames Archaeological Survey Company School Farm Oast, Graveney Road Faversham, Kent ME13 8UP Tel; 01795 532548 or 07885 700 112 www.swatarchaeology.co.uk Development of Land at the rear of 20 High Street, Hythe, Kent Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Contents 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 6 1.1 Project Background ......................................................................................... 6 1.2 The Site ............................................................................................................ 6 1.3 The Proposed Development ............................................................................ 7 1.4 Project Constraints .......................................................................................... 7 1.5 Scope of Document ......................................................................................... 8 2 PLANNING BACKGROUND .................................................................................................. 8 2.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Heritage Assets ................................................................................................ 8 2.3 National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) .................................................. 9 2.4 Planning Policy Guidance .............................................................................. 13 2.5 Statutory Protection ...................................................................................... 15 2.6 Local Policies ................................................................................................. 17 3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ..................................................................................................... 22 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 22 3.2 Desk-Based Assessment – Chartered Institute for Archaeologists (2017) ... 23 4 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................... 24 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 24 4.2 Designated Heritage Assets ........................................................................... 24 4.3 Sources .......................................................................................................... 25 5 ARCHAOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT ........................................................ 27 5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 27 5.2 Designated Heritage Assets ........................................................................... 27 5.3 Previous Archaeological Works ..................................................................... 29 5.4 Archaeological and Historical Narrative ........................................................ 30 5.5 Cartographic Sources and Map Regression .................................................. 35 5.6 Aerial Photographs ........................................................................................ 39 5.7 Walkover Survey............................................................................................ 40 5.8 Summary of Potential .................................................................................... 41 6 IMPACT ASSESSMENT....................................................................................................... 44 6.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 44 6.2 Historic Impacts ............................................................................................. 44 7 ARCHAEOLOGICAL MITIGATION....................................................................................... 45 7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 45 8 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS ................................................................................................. 45 8.1 Archive ........................................................................................................... 45 8.2 Reliability/Limitations of Sources .................................................................. 45 8.3 Copyright ....................................................................................................... 46 9 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................... 47 9.1 Bibliographic .................................................................................................. 47 9.2 Websites ........................................................................................................ 47 10 APPENDIX 1 – KCC HER Data (see Figures 19) ............................................................. 66 2 Development of Land at the rear of 20 High Street, Hythe, Kent Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment List of Plates Plate 1. Aerial photograph from 1940 Plate 2. Aerial photograph from 1960 Plate 3. Aerial photograph from 1990 Plate 4. Aerial photograph from 2003 Plate 5. Aerial photograph from 2008 Plate 6. Aerial photograph from 2013 Plate 7. Aerial photograph from 2017 Plate 8. View of the east wall of the garage area (facing E). Plate 9. View of the eastern gable wall (facing E). Plate 10: View across PDA towards the rear of No. 20. (facing NNE). Plate 11: View across PDA towards Chapel Street entrance (facing SSW). Plate 12. View of the western boundary (facing SW). Plate 13. View of the eastern boundary (facing S). Plate 14. View of the southern boundary and garage entrance from Chapel Street (facing N). Plate 15. View of rear of PDA and western gable wall (facing NE). Plate 16: View of cold Store (facing W). Plate 17: View of rear entrance from PDA (facing SSW). List of Figures Fig.1 Site location map and site Location plan 1:10000 Fig.2 Proposed Development Area Fig.3 Thomas Hills Hospital Map of 1684 Fig.4 Andrews, Dury and Herbert map from 1769 Fig.5 Hasted, 1797 Fig.6 Ordnance Surveyors Drawing, 1797 Fig.7 Greenwood Map of 1821 Fig.8 1841 Tithe Map Fig.9 Historic mapping OS 1:2500 1872 Fig.10 Historic mapping OS 1:2500 1898 Fig.11 Historic mapping OS 1:2500 1907 Fig.12 Historic mapping OS 1:2500 1933 Fig.13 Historic mapping OS 1:1250 1957-1958 3 Development of Land at the rear of 20 High Street, Hythe, Kent Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Fig.14 Historic mapping OS 1:1250 1973-1975 Fig.15 Historic mapping OS 1:2500 1979-1984 Fig.16 Historic mapping OS 1:1250 1984-1988 Fig.17 Historic mapping OS 1:1250 1989 Fig.18 Folkestone & Hythe District Council: Areas of Special Characters Fig.19 KHER Monuments 4 Development of Land at the rear of 20 High Street, Hythe, Kent Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment in Advance of the proposed development of Land at the rear of 20 High Street, Hythe, Kent. Summary SWAT Archaeology has been commissioned by Kevin Kennelly to prepare an Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment of the proposed development area (PDA) of land at the rear of 20 High Street, Hythe, Kent. This Desk Based Assessment is intended to explore and disseminate the known and potential heritage resource within the site and the surrounding area, and to assess the likely impacts of the development proposals on this resource. Based on this data the potential for archaeological sites either on or in the near vicinity of the proposed development can be summarized as: Prehistoric: low Iron Age: low Roman: low Anglo-Saxon: low Medieval: low Post-Medieval: high Modern: low The PDA is currently part of the rear of No. 20 High Street in Hythe, which can also be accessed via an entrance in Chapel Street. It consists of a garage area fronting Chapel Street with a ragstone wall and metal garage door with a pitched tiled roof. Within the garage area is an early 20th century cold store and to the north of that a covered area and then an open area at the rear of No. 20 High Street. The PDA boundaries on the east and west are defined by ragstone walls. Historically in early Medieval times this area of Hythe was at the beach front before the area then silted up. As Hythe expanded this area was initially residential with No. 20 originally occupied sometime in the Post Medieval period when the boundary lines were created and the ragstone walls added. The rear of the High Street properties part of their gardens and back yards, before then forming part of the High Street with the residential properties later being used for commercial use. The map regression suggests that the garage building was built some time between the 1798 and 1842 utilising the original ragstone 5 Development of Land at the rear of 20 High Street, Hythe, Kent Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment boundary walls and building up the gable walls. The tithe Schedule informs us that the property included a house and gardens and slaughterhouse, which may be the original purpose to the garage in the PDA. A number of other outbuildings
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