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The Journal of the Friends 5 Historical Society VOLUME 53 NUMBER 3 1974 FRIENDS' HISTORICAL SOCIETY FRIENDS HOUSE • EUSTON ROAD • LONDON NWi 2BJ also obtainable at Friends Book Store : 302 Arch Street, Philadelphia 6, Pa., U.S.A. '•• •• r '• •* • fit -> Contents PAGE Editorial _ 193 Henry Joel Cadbury (1883-1974) .. 195 Janet Payne Whitney (1889-1974) 196 The Editio Princeps of Fox's Journal. Henry J. Cadbury 197 Friends and the Inquisition at Malta. Henry J . Cadbury 219 The First Publishers of Truth in Norway. Kenneth L. 226 Holland's Welfare. Alfred W. Braithwaite 232 Joseph Sturge and the Crimean War. i. The Search for a Cause. Stephen Prick 236 A Note on the Origins of the George Fox School, Lan­ caster. Michael Mullett 256 Bristol Channel Boating Fatality 258 Leeds Friends and the Lancashire Cotton Districts Relief Fund, 1862-66. R. H. Davis 260 Recent Publications 263 Notes and Queries 265 Friends' Historical Society President: 1973—Stephen S. Wilson 1974—Mary Hoxie Jones 1975—John Ormerod Greenwood Chairman: Elfrida Vipont Foulds Secretary: Edward H. Milligan Joint Alfred W. Braithwaite and Editors: Russell S. Mortimer Annual Membership Subscriptions: (Personal) £1.00 ($3.00); (Institutional) £1.50 ($4.00). Personal Life Membership—£20. Subscriptions should be paid to the Secretary, Friends' Hist­ orical Society, c/o The Library, Friends House, Euston Road, London NWi 2BJ. > • • < • Vol. 53 No. 3 1974 THE JOURNAL OF THE FRIENDS' HISTORICAL SOCIETY Publishing Office: Friends House, Euston Road, London NWi aBJ Communications should be addressed to the Editors at Friends House Editorial HE Society's Presidential Address for 1974 was delivered by Mary Hoxie Jones on the evening of T19 August at the University of York, during London Yearly Meeting. About 300 members and Friends were pre­ sent and the chair was taken by Stephen Wilson, last year's President. The address, entitled "Friends and poetry", em­ braced a good wide survey of the subject, and was delivered with characteristic clarity and good humour. Those of us whose minds can go back to the visits to this country paid by Rufus Jones a generation ago felt we had been privileged to attend another happy transatlantic occasion. The Spring meeting (5 July 1974) heard an address by Pamela Oliver on "The problems of authority, discipline and tradition in the first century of English Quakerism". It is anticipated that both these addresses will substantially be published elsewhere. Among the research students who have been using Friends House Library recently has been Craig Horle, of the University of Maryland, who is working on a doctoral thesis: "Judicial attitudes towards the prosecution of religious dis­ senters, 1660-1688". An important part of the thesis will relate to Friends, and on i November Craig Horle gave the Historical Society an address on the subject entitled "Judi­ cial encounters with Quakers, 1660-1688". The talk was much appreciated. Craig Horle was able to refer the 40 193 u 194 EDITORIAL members present to contemporary material that was not generally known. We hope to print this in a future issue. The meeting on i November followed a meeting for wor­ ship held in thankfulness for the life of Henry J. Cadbury, of Haverford, Pennsylvania. An obituary note appears follow­ ing this Editorial, and we are privileged to print two of his articles, one on the editing of the Ellwood edition of George Fox's Journal, 1694, the other on the imprisonment of Katharine Evans and Sarah Cheevers in Malta in 1658. These papers were the latest received by us before Henry Cadbury's death, and we regret that he was not able to see them set up in type. Kenneth L. Carroll presents evidence concerning early Friends missions in Norway under the title "The First Pub­ lishers of Truth in Norway". In "Holland's Welfare" Alfred Braithwaite studies Friends' persistence in ensuring the return to innocent sufferers of money acquired indirectly by a member as the result of an act of war— a concern which took decades to work out, in the face of many obstacles. Joseph Sturge's mission to Russia in 1854 failed to halt the Crimean War. Stephen Frick of Earlham College, U.S.A., continues his survey of Joseph Sturge's career and traces the avenues through which he sought to influence British attitudes to seek more peaceful policies, at a time when war fever was running high. Briefer articles include a note on the founding of the George Fox School, Lancaster, c. 1690, by Michael Mullett of the University of Lancaster; an eighteenth century newspaper report of the drowning of a Bristol mer­ chant, Samuel Lloyd, in the Bristol Channel in the summer of 1736; and a list of Leeds Friends who helped to organize relief in the Lancashire cotton famine districts in the time of the American Civil War. Pressure on space has forced us to hold over features on Archives and Historical research until next year, but we include the usual notices of Recent Publications and Notes and Queries. It is with deep regret that we have to announce the death of Alfred W. Braithwaite on 19 March 1975, when this issue was passing through the press. Alfred Braithwaite has served the Historical Society as editor since 1959. An appreciation will appear in our next number. Henry Joel Cadbury (1883-1974) ENRY J. CADBURY, son of Joel and Anna Kaighn (Lowry) Cadbury, died on 7th October, 1974, and with Hhis death there passes from the scene one whose contribution to New Testament scholarship, as well as to Quaker historical studies, to the work of the Society of Friends in America and the world at large, has been sub­ stantial, long-sustained and immensely useful. His work has continuing value, both in what he himself was able to achieve and through the example and encouragement which his life has been the means of spreading to other workers in the same fields. For an informed account of Henry J. Cadbury's multi­ farious activities we refer to Mary Hoxie Jones's biographical sketch of him which appeared in the Festschrift Then and Now, edited by Anna Brinton, issued on the occasion of his completion of twenty-two years as chairman of the American Friends Service Committee in 1960. We recall that there has been little slackening since that time in the amount of material prepared for publication coming from Henry's pen. A list of his offices, degrees and honours appears in Who's Who, and in Who's Who in America. Henry J. Cadbury was closely engaged over many years in teaching at Harvard (where he held the Hollis chair of divinity for twenty years) and at Haverford College. Some­ thing of his devotion to scholarship, and his publishing record can be judged from the fact that entries for his works occupy six columns in the massive National Union Catalog Pre-iQ56 Imprints, not to mention the score of additional entries recorded in the Library of Congress National Union Catalog since that date. A published bibliography is a desideratum for the man who wrote The Making of Luke-Acts (1927), The Peril of Modernizing Jesus (1935), Annual Catalogue of George Fox's Papers (1939), George Fox's Book of Miracles (19^.8), Narra­ tive Papers of George Fox (1972), the collection o:: papers in Friendly Heritage (1972) and a host of articles in general learned and in Quaker journals over the past half-century and 195 196 OBITUARIES more. His presidential address to Friends' Historical Society in 1947, entitled "Answering that of God", was printed in this Journal, vol. 39, pp. 3-14. Many tributes will be paid to the life and work of a great man before this appears in print. We salute the memory of Henry ^ oel Cadbury, educator, and this Historical Society is thankfu that his recreations included (as well as camping) Quaker history. In his myriad concerns and activities he did not lose sight of his highest goals. R.S.M. Janet Payne Whitney (1889-1974) ANET WHITNEY died in America 19 December 1974, and with her passing we lost one who made Quakerism J known in her writings far beyond the confines of the Society of Friends. Her outstanding biography Elizabeth Fry, Quaker heroine (1936) puts the penal reformers' legend of the formidable matron in Quaker grey within a human setting, and sheds on her career a more roseate and engaging light. Janet Whitney's other biographies, John Woolman, Geraldine S. Cadbury, and Abigail Adams, were matched by half a dozen historical novels with Quaker interest, and contribu­ tions to the Atlantic Monthly, the Ladies Home Journal, as well as to Quaker journals. Janet E. L. Payne was born at Chesham and educated at the Mount School, York, and Bedford College, London. She married George Gillett Whitney, art master at Westtown School, Pennsylvania. Her Presidential Address to the Historical Society was delivered on 30 September 1965, and printed in the Journal that year, vol. 51, pp. 3-20, under the title "The apprenticeship of George Fox". The Society of Friends, and the Historical Society in particular, counts itself fortunate that its members are con­ cerned and willing to use their talents of investigation and interpretation in the service of Quakerism. It is with affec­ tion that we remember Janet Whitney and salute her memory. The Editio Princeps of Fox's Journal is a good deal of information already collected I and printed about the process by which Fox's Journal was edited and published less than four years after his death. He himself had planned an even larger collection of his writings, he had made reference to the location of manu­ script copies of them, had named thirteen Friends to attend to their publication, and had instructed that after other legacies had been paid his residuary estate should be used to finance the publication, and so far as possible, the free dis­ tribution of this material.1 The Journal with many inserted papers was the first in­ stalment of this plan.

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