New Species of Neoteneriffiola (Acari: Trombidiformes: Teneriffiidae) From
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This article was downloaded by: [Thais Pellegrini] On: 31 May 2012, At: 04:26 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK International Journal of Acarology Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/taca20 New species of Neoteneriffiola (Acari: Trombidiformes: Teneriffiidae) from Brazilian caves: geographical distribution and ecological traits Leopoldo Ferreira de Oliveira Bernardi a , Thais Giovannini Pellegrini a & Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira b a PPG – Applied Ecology, Department of Biology (DBI), Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Minas Gerais, Brazil b Laboratory of Underground Ecology, Department of Biology (DBI), Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Minas Gerais, Brazil Available online: 31 May 2012 To cite this article: Leopoldo Ferreira de Oliveira Bernardi, Thais Giovannini Pellegrini & Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira (2012): New species of Neoteneriffiola (Acari: Trombidiformes: Teneriffiidae) from Brazilian caves: geographical distribution and ecological traits, International Journal of Acarology, 38:5, 410-419 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01647954.2012.662246 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-and-conditions This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. 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International Journal of Acarology Vol. 38, No. 5, June 2012, 410–419 New species of Neoteneriffiola (Acari: Trombidiformes: Teneriffiidae) from Brazilian caves: geographical distribution and ecological traits Leopoldo Ferreira de Oliveira Bernardia, Thais Giovannini Pellegrinia and Rodrigo Lopes Ferreirab aPPG – Applied Ecology, Department of Biology (DBI), Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Minas Gerais, Brazil (emails: [email protected] and [email protected]); bLaboratory of Underground Ecology, Department of Biology (DBI), Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Minas Gerais, Brazil (email: [email protected]fla.br) (Received 19 August 2011; accepted 25 January 2012) This work presents a description of a new species of the genus Neoteneriffiola Hirst found in the Brazilian caves. Individuals were collected in 22 caves located in Bahia, Goiás, Minas Gerais and Tocantins states. Keywords: Anystoidea; Brazil; cave; Acariformes; taxonomy Introduction Paulo, Sergipe and Tocantins, along with 110 artificial The family Teneriffiidae has only a few known species rep- underground cavities in the state of Minas Gerais. resenting seven genera (Austroteneriffia, Heteroteneriffia, All the specimens were collected with the aid of a fine Himalteneriffia, Mesoteneriffia, Neoteneriffiola, Para- brush, after an extensive search throughout the soil, litter, teneriffia, Teneriffiae) (Schmölzer, 2001). These species under rocks, in the cave and then placed directly in vials inhabit diverse habitats; they may be found in intertidal or with 70% alcohol. Mites were cleared in Nesbitt’s solu- arid regions, associated with trees, under small rocks in the tion, when necessary, and mounted on slides for microscopy soil and occasionally at altitudes exceeding 1000 m (e.g. using Hoyer’s medium (Walter and Krantz 2009). The the Himalayas) (Tibbetts 1958; Judson 1995; Schmölzer specimens were identified with a Leica MDLS phase- 2002). contrast microscope (Leica, Germany) using identifica- The genus Neoteneriffiola was created by Hirst in tion keys and morphological descriptions of Womersley 1924 and currently only three species belong to this genus: (1935), Tibbetts (1958), Eller and Strandtmann (1963), N. luxoriensis Hirst, 1924; N. uta Tibbets, 1958; and Ehara (1965), Judson (1994, 1995) and Krantz and Walter N. coineaui Judson, 1994. Up to now, the genus distri- (2009). bution was known only from the United States, Egypt Measurements and drawings were made with the phase- and Namibia. There is little available information on the contrast microscope. Measurements are given in microme- μ ecology, biology and distribution of Neoteneriffiola,as tres ( m); values for the holotype measurements are fol- compared to most of the genera of the family Teneriffiidae lowed by those of paratype I (male) and paratype II (female) in parentheses, respectively. Downloaded by [Thais Pellegrini] at 04:26 31 May 2012 (Tibbetts 1958; Eller and Strandtmann 1963; Ehara 1965; Shiba and Furukama 1975; Judson 1994). Body length was measured from the nasal base to the The only record of a species of Teneriffiidae in South posterior margin of the idiosoma, and body width at the America was one for Parateneriffia bipectinata Thor, 1911. level of dorsal seta c2. Seta lengths were measured from However, Bernardi et al. (2009) reported the occurrence of their basis to the tip. Prodorsal shield length is the distance a teneriffiid mite (erroneously identified as belonging to the from the naso base to the posterior shield margin. Shield genus Austroteneriffia) in Brazilian caves. This work aims width was obtained at the level of seta c1. Each segment to describe the species observed by Bernardi et al. (2009), of legs and palp was measured separately, and the tarsus as well as to discuss its ecology and distribution in Brazilian was measured from the articulation facer with the tibia caves. to the ambulacra basis. Setal nomenclature follows Judson (1994, 1995). The location of each organism collected was plotted Materials and methods on a schematic sketch of each cave, and some observa- The specimens examined in this work came from collec- tions were noted in situ, such as the number of individuals, tions made during the last 12 years by the Laboratory of their position in the cave environment and in what kind of Subterranean Ecology group of the Federal University of substratum they were found. / Lavras (Department of Biology Zoology Sector). A total The live collection was made on 26 April 2011 in Gruta of 1100 caves were inventoried in the states of Alagoas, do Salitre (Saltpeter’s Cave), municipality of Cordisburgo, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Minas Minas Gerais State. The specimens were collected with Gerais, Pará, Paraná, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, the aid of fine brushes and packed in a glass container, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São where humidity was maintained using a piece of tissue ISSN 0164-7954 print/ISSN 1945-3892 online © 2012 Taylor & Francis; printed 31 May 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01647954.2012.662246 http://www.tandfonline.com International Journal of Acarology 411 moistened and fixed in the bottle. The individuals were Female. Body – Length 880 (720–800), width 630 taken to the laboratory and transferred to plastic pots (585–615). (6.5 cm × 6 cm) with a 3 cm layer floor containing plas- Gnathosoma – With two pairs of setae are present on ter of pairs mixed with activated charcoal powder (Walter fused coxal basis, and two pairs of small, strongly scle- and Krantz 2009). These containers were conditioned in rotized denticles (setae or1–2) on anterior portion of coxa the cultivation room of the Laboratório de Acarologia, (Figure 1). EPAMIG EcoCentro – Lavras, where temperature ranged Palp raptorial, with five segments, each with a thick from 25◦Cto27◦C and relative humidity from 70% to cuticle. Palp femur bears long and barbed setae on inner- 80%. Specimens were fed once a week. Observations lasted dorsal surface; palp genu with a nude, small seta on ventral for 30 min and were made with the aid of a magnify- surface; with a small barbed setae on ventral portion of ing glass, always after the offer of a prey. Furthermore, tibia, in addition to a large, clearly visible oncophysis; palp random observations were made at least twice a week tarsus greatly reduced, with a cluster of setae on its surface and any. (Figure 2). Chelicera with two setae; anterior seta often forked ter- minally, posterior seta long, strong and barbed (Figure 2B). Family Teneriffidae Thor, 1911 Dorsal podosoma – Naso in adult is broad, weakly pro- Genus Neoteneriffiola Hirst, 1924 jected from anterior margin of propodosoma in dorsal view Neoteneriffiola xerophila sp. nov. (Bernardi et al., 2011) (Figure 3). (Figures 1–8) Median eye absent; lateral eyes large and separate, pos- terior eyes are slightly larger than anterior eyes (Figure 3), Description which retain red pigmentation even after clarification with The current species was wrongly identified by Bernardi Nesbitt’s solution. The sclerite is distinct, length 285 et al. (2009) as belonging to the genus Austroteneriffia. (280–240) and width 290 (290–250), presenting a vase- However, the species belongs to the genus Neoteneriffiola shape, finely striate and differing from surrounding striate because setae c1 and c2 are similar in size, leg I have four cuticle (Figure 3). This