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Fall/Winter 2016 for Our Members and Supporters NEWS fall/winter 2016 for our members and supporters NEWS How the Endangered Species Act Shortchanges Plants Native Plant News Volume 4, No. 2, Fall•Winter 2016 Native Plant News is published by New England Wild Flower Society, an in depen dent, nonprofit, member- supported organization whose mission is to conserve and promote the region’s native plants to ensure healthy, biologically diverse landscapes . Subscriptions to Native Plant News are included in membership dues, which start at $40/year for individuals. For membership information, contact: [email protected]. Design Rachel Wolff Lander Copyright© 2016 New Editorial Jane Roy Brown England Wild Flower Society®. All rights Board of Trustees reserved. No material Chair Trustees in this publication may Deirdre C. Menoyo Ralph Brown be reproduced or used in any way without Vice Chair Lalor Burdick Pam Resor Pamela B. Durrant written consent. For Th e Mary Griffin per mission, contact Treasurer Barbara Keller Editor, Native Plant Janet Ganson Virginia McIntyre News , 180 Hemenway Clerk Lita Nelsen Road, Framingham, MA Anita E. Springer Jessie B. Panek 01701. Garden Shop Executive Director Polly Pierce Debbi Edelstein Kathy Shamberger for everyone on your list Alan Smith Jackie Stone Mary Ann Streeter Looking for great gifts for join a society-sponsored trip to your friends and family? Locally sourced/fair trade Cuba Books Gifts A people-to-people exploration of Tools for Gardeners Cuba with a botanical slant Whimsy The Garden Shop has it. holiday hours october-december 23: mon-fri 10 am - 4 pm saturdays in december 3, 10, 17 • 10 am - 4 pm visit us online www.newenglandwild.org/store gift cards available/ free gift wrap/shipping service January 6-15, 2017 On this unique and fascinating program, we begin our tour in Old Havana and continue to the Jardin Botanico Soledad, the Escambray Mountains, and the Spanish colonial cities of Cienfuegos and Trinidad. Details at www.newenglandwild.org/learn/cuba Native Plant News | Fall•Winter 2016 From the Executive Director 3 FOCUS ON POLLINATORS By the time you read this, the nation will have reached another grim milestone. On October 31, seven species of yellow-faced bees ( Hylaeus spp.)—the only bees native to Hawaii and critical pollinators of imperiled native plants—became the first bees officially pro - tected as endangered under the federal Endangered Species Act (ESA). Others will follow soon: a week before the September 30 publication of its final rule on the Hylaeus species, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) announced that it was proposing the first 8 bumble bee for listing as well. The rusty patched bum - ble bee ( Bombus affinis ), once common in the upper 4 Midwest and the Northeast, is one of 47 species of bumble bee native to the United States and Canada. A quarter of those bees are at risk of extinction, due to an increasingly familiar litany of threats: habitat loss Contents and degradation, intensive farming, disease, pesti - cides, and climate change. Bees are not only keystone species on which entire ecosystems depend, but also 2-3 in brief the primary pollinators of crops worth $3 billion a year Drought effects, new award, intern achievements, and more in the United States. The bees got the headlines, but in that same final 4-10 features rule, USFWS also listed 27 species of Hawaiian plants as endangered, citing their vulnerability to “the impacts 4 Double Standard: How the Endangered Species Act of climate change in addition to the other threats these Shortchanges Plants species face.” As I mentioned in my last letter, the By Jane Roy Brown, Writer-Editor plants will receive less protection than the bees, be - cause plants are protected only on federal land . The 8 Unpacking a Botanical Time Capsule: A Researcher lead article in this issue of the magazine examines that Plumbs an Early Guide to Boston’s Native Flora discrepancy and the advocacy needed to gain some By Judith S. Pinnolis parity between plants and animals under the ESA. The collapse of bee populations also got federal 11 planned giving attention in May 2015, when President Obama un - veiled a national pollinator strategy that created a multifaceted, interagency approach to restoring land - 12 events for supporters scapes and improving habitat for pollinators (but stopped short of banning systemic pesticides that are BACK demonstrably killing bees and other pollinators). Now COVER rare plant spotlight we are pleased to announce our own multifaceted pro - Crataegus oakesiana gram—a new “Pollinate New England” initiative (see “In Brief”) to encourage homeowners across the re - gion to build pesticide-free, native plant gardens for all n the bats, bees, beetles, birds, butterflies, flies, moths, o On the cover: r e m seed pods of jesup’s and wasps on which wild plant life depends. The pro - a C n milk-vetch ( Astragalus gram is also a reminder that while we’re working on— o D robbinsii var. jesupii ) © and waiting for—regulatory changes, we can all put our hands in dirt to save the planet. Sincerely, Debbi Edelstein newenglandwild.org Fall•Winter 2016 | Native Plant News 1 IN BRIEF The Big Brown-out: Drought Hits New England, herbaceous annual flowering plants went to seed Low Rainfall Stresses Plants nearly a week early. Greene’s rush ( Juncus greenei ), a rare and threatened species in Vermont, browned By Jane Roy Brown, Writer–Editor early in the parched southern part of the state, where it grows in power-line corridors, says Bob Popp, botanist with the Department of Fish and Wildlife. g r o “Greetings from very dry eastern Massachu - . e But, he says, “I don’t think there will be long-term im - f i l r e setts,” said David Celino, chief forest fire v pacts unless the drought becomes a multi-year event.” o c s i d warden for the Department of Conservation . The likelihood of that happening is unclear. The w w w / and Recreation, as he joined a September National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration n r u B r webinar hosted by the Northeast Regional forecasts a 50-percent chance of above-average e t e P Climate Center at Cornell University. temps for the region during the next 12 months, but © precipitation remains a wild card. When rain does As experts reported on topics ranging from fire dan - fall, groundwater levels will take time to recover, says ger to apple crops, red hotspots flared across a map: hydrologist William Coon of the U.S. Geological Sur - Juncus greenei western New York; eastern Massachusetts, Connecti - vey in Ithaca, N.Y. “Intense rainfall tends to run off cut, and Rhode Island; southern Vermont and New dry, hard ground,” he says. “And a steady, gentle rain Hampshire; and Maine’s southwestern coast. Scorch - penetrates the surface but has to fill the spaces be - ing heat compounded a four-month, roughly 50-per - tween soil particles before reaching the water table.” cent rain shortfall. Connecticut and Rhode Island felt © N When rain e w their hottest summers since 1895. E n g l At Garden in the Woods, the drought struck in a does fall, n d W year two of a sustainable watering regimen, with staff i l d F groundwater l irrigating plants only until they are established. “We o w e r scrambled to maintain new plantings, and some S o levels will c i e t poorly sited, older established specimens nearly y take time to died,” says Director of Horticulture Mark Richardson. recover. Many plants went dormant early. “But we learned a lot about which plants will perform best in drought, like the Dicentra eximia [wild bleeding heart] that bloomed into August in the Rock Garden, one of our driest, most exposed sites.” In the wilder landscape, grasses, rushes, and sedges produced less seed than usual, and some thirsty Rhododendron maximum in massachusetts new award goes at the smaller american symposia and workshops unanticipated beauty of de - lawns today (salt) confer - dedicated to advancing the signed landscapes and gar - to new directions ence in november, executive art and science of natural dens that interact with local director debbi edelstein will landscape design. landscape ecology,” he says. By Jessica Pederson, present the society’s first re - architect and founder larry new directions partners Director of Public Programs gional impact award, which weaner, of larry weaner with the Connecticut College recognizes exceptional lead - landscape associates, will arboretum as well as morris f f o l o ership and achievement in accept the award on behalf of arboretum of the university k o S native plant conservation, new directions. of pennsylvania to present m i K © horticulture, or education weaner, who also will an annual symposium for with regional significance. give the salt conference’s landscape professionals to this inaugural award honors keynote speech, is a long- explore design, implementa - new directions in the ameri - time champion of native tion, and management of can landscape, a nonprofit plants. “i've learned to treas - landscapes based on natural Larry organization that presents ure the subtle, sometimes models. Weaner 2 Native Plant News | Fall•Winter 2016 IN BRIEF SOCIETY STARTS WORK ON “POLLINATE Restoring Rare Conservation staff laid out plots in which NEW ENGLAND” to sow seed and plant 15 to 20 alpine Species: From species within exclosures—in this case, to keep the summit’s 500,000 annual visitors By JRB Astralagus to at bay. Fall will find us sowing seed. The Zizania , a Regional National Park Service and Friends of Aca - In September, the Institute of Museum dia are funding this multi-year project to and Library Services (IMLS) awarded Wrap-up of Summer restore the flora on the summit.
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