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Atlas of New and

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E Agricultural Experiment Station ¥ Research Report 715 N U College of Agriculture and Home Economics N Y I I T tag">V E R S ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Astragalus flexuosus ...... 10 Astragalus fucatus ...... 10 We are grateful to all who have assisted with this Astragalus giganteus ...... 11 project. The preliminary stages of this atlas stemmed Astragalus gilensis ...... 11 from the work of Bill Fox. We thank the curators of the Astragalus gracilis ...... 11 herbaria (see Introduction) who allowed us access to their Astragalus gypsodes ...... 11 specimens and room to work. The various phases of data ...... 12 gathering and mapping proceeded rapidly and efficiently ...... 12 with the help of Norman Jensen and Shawn Jensen. Astragalus humistratus ...... 12 Astragalus iodopetalus ...... 12 ...... 13 Astragalus kerrii ...... 13 Astragalus knightii ...... 13 CONTENTS ...... 13 Astragalus lonchocarpus ...... 14 Nomenclature ...... 1 Astragalus lotiflorus ...... 14 Poisonous of Astragalus and Oxytropis ...... 1 Astragalus micromerius ...... 14 species known to contain ...... 14 swainsonine: ...... 1 Astragalus mollissimus ...... 15 New Mexico species known to contain Astragalus monumentalis ...... 15 nitro-compounds: ...... 1 Astragalus naturitensis...... 15 New Mexico species known to contain Astragalus neomexicanus ...... 15 selenium: ...... 2 ...... 16 Uncommon and rare species of Astragalus Astragalus nothoxys ...... 16 and Oxytropis ...... 2 ...... 16 References ...... 2 Astragalus oocalycis ...... 16 Astragalus adsurgens ...... 4 Astragalus pattersonii ...... 17 ...... 4 Astragalus pictiformis ...... 17 Astragalus albulus ...... 4 ...... 17 Astragalus allochrous ...... 4 ...... 17 ...... 5 Astragalus puniceus ...... 18 Astragalus altus ...... 5 Astragalus racemosus ...... 18 ...... 5 ...... 18 ...... 5 ...... 18 Astragalus bodinii ...... 6 ...... 19 Astragalus brandegei ...... 6 Astragalus scopulorum ...... 19 Astragalus calycosus ...... 6 Astragalus sericoluecus...... 19 ...... 6 Astragalus shortianus ...... 19 Astragalus castetteri ...... 7 Astragalus siliceus...... 20 Astragalus ceramicus ...... 7 Astragalus tenellus ...... 20 Astragalus chuskanus ...... 7 Astragalus tephrodes ...... 20 Astragalus cobrensis ...... 7 Astragalus thurberi ...... 20 Astragalus coltonii ...... 8 Astragalus vaccarum ...... 21 ...... 8 Astragalus waterfallii ...... 21 Astragalus cyaneus ...... 8 Astragalus wingatanus ...... 21 Astragalus desperatus ...... 8 Astragalus wittmannii ...... 21 ...... 9 Oxytropis deflexa...... 22 Astragalus egglestonii ...... 9 ...... 22 Astragalus emoryanus ...... 9 Oxytropis parryi ...... 22 Astragalus eremiticus ...... 9 ...... 22 Astragalus feensis ...... 10 Oxytropis splendens ...... 23 ...... 10 Atlas Of New Mexico Astragalus and Oxytropis

Eric H. Roalson and Kelly W. Allred1

This atlas provides distribution maps for all the compounds and to be at least potentially toxic are species of Astragalus and Oxytropis found in New grouped by category below. Mexico. This is an important group of , compris- ing some 80 species in the (pea) family, the New Mexico species known to contain swainsonine: third largest family in the state. Many of the Astragalus allochrous A. Gray species in these two genera are toxic to livestock and var. allochrous other grazing animals (see lists below). var. playanus (M.E. Jones) Isley The maps were compiled from collection informa- Astragalus amphioxys Gray tion primarily provided by the major herbaria in the Astragalus bisulcatus (Hooker) Gray state: the Biology Herbarium at the University of New var. bisulcatus Mexico, Albuquerque; and the Biology Herbarium and var. haydenianus (Gray) Barneby Range Science Herbarium at New Mexico State Univer- Astragalus drummondii Douglas ex Hooker sity, Las Cruces. Additional records were obtained from Astragalus emoryanus (Rydberg) Cory the herbaria at New Mexico University (Silver Astragalus flavus Nuttall City), State University (Tempe), University of Astragalus humistratus Gray Arizona (Tucson), and Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Gar- var. humivagans (Rydberg) Barneby dens (Claremont, ). We also relied on what- Astragalus lentiginosus Douglas ex Hooker ever published sources were available, most notably var. diphysus (Gray) Jones Barneby’s (1952, 1964) monumental taxonomic works Astragalus lonchocarpus Torrey on these two genera. Astragalus missouriensis Nuttall var. amphibolus Barneby Nomenclature var. missouriensis Astragalus mollissimus Torrey We have tried to use the correct scientific nomencla- var. mollissimus ture for the names of these plants and have followed A var. earlei (Rydberg) Tidestrom Working Index of New Mexico Names var. matthewsii (Watson) Barneby (Roalson and Allred 1995). In some cases, we had to var. thompsonae (Watson) M.E. Jones decide between conflicting taxonomic interpretations Astragalus oocalycis M.E. Jones (and their conflicting nomenclatures), but the refer- Astragalus praelongus Sheldon ences associated with such decisions will also be found Astragalus tephrodes Gray in the vascular plant index. Astragalus thurberi Gray Oxytropis lambertii Pursh Poisonous Species of Astragalus and Oxytropis Oxytropis sericea Nuttall ex Torrey & Gray Several species of Astragalus and Oxytropis contain New Mexico species known to contain nitro-compounds: compounds that are toxic to grazing animals: swainsonine (an alkaloid), nitro-compounds, and selenium (Fox et Astragalus emoryanus (Rydberg) Cory al., in press). The species that are known to contain these

1Graduate and professor, respectively, Department of Animal and Range Sciences. New Mexico species known to contain selenium: References Astragalus bisulcatus (Hooker) Gray Barneby, R.C. 1952. A Revision of the North American var. bisulcatus Species of Oxytropis DC. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. IV. var. haydenianus (Gray) Gray 27:177Ð309. Astragalus praelongus Sheldon Barneby, R.C. 1964. Atlas of North American Astraga- var. praelongus lus Mem. Bot. Gard. 13:1Ð1188. var. ellisiae (Rydberg) Barneby Fox, W.E., K.W. Allred, and E.H. Roalson. In Press. A Astragalus racemosus Pursh Guide to the Common and Milkvetches var. racemosus of New Mexico. New Mexico Agr. Exp. Sta. var. longisetus M.E. Jones New Mexico Native Plant Protection Advisory Com- mittee. 1984. A Handbook of Rare and Endemic Uncommon and Rare Species of Astragalus Plants of New Mexico. University of New Mexico and Oxytropis Press, Albuquerque. Roalson, E.H. and K.W. Allred. 1995. A Working Index Numerous species of Astragalus were listed in A of New Mexico Vascular Plant Names. New Mexico Handbook of Rare and Endemic Plants of New Mexico Agr. Exp. Sta. Research Report 702. (New Mexico Native Plant Protection Advisory Com- mittee 1984) as being particularly interesting because of their restricted distributions in New Mexico. There also are several species that have since been described or recently found in New Mexico with limited distribu- tions. We list these species here, so that extensions and additions to their geographic ranges be added to the current knowledge of these uncommon species.

Astragalus accumbens Sheldon Astragalus altus Wooton & Standley Astragalus castetteri Barneby Astragalus chuskanus Barneby & Spellenberg Astragalus crassicarpus Nuttall var. paysonii (Kelso) Barneby Astragalus cyaneus Gray Astragalus feensis M.E. Jones Astragalus gypsodes Barneby Astragalus humillimus Gray ex Brandegee Astragalus kentrophyta Gray var. neomexicanus (Barneby) Barneby Astragalus kerrii Knight & Cully Astragalus knightii Barneby Astragalus micromerius Barneby Astragalus mollissimus Torrey var. matthewsii (Watson) Barneby Astragalus monumentalis Barneby var. cottamii (Welsh) Isely Astragalus monumentalis Barneby var. monumentalis Astragalus naturitensis Payson Astragalus neomexicanus Wooton & Standley Astragalus oocalycis M.E. Jones Astragalus puniceus Osterhout var. gertrudis (Greene) Barneby Astragalus sericoluecus Gray Astragalus siliceus Barneby Astragalus wittmannii Barneby Oxytropis parryi Gray

2 Taos San Juan Rio Arriba Colfax Union

Mora Harding Los Alamos McKinley Sandoval Santa Fe San Miguel

Quay Bernalillo Cibola Guadalupe

Valencia Torrance Curry De Baca

Catron Socorro Roosevelt Lincoln

Chaves

Sierra Grant Lea Otero

Dona Ana Eddy Luna

Hidalgo

Counties of New Mexico.

3 Astragalus adsurgens Astragalus agrestis

var. robustior

Widespread from to Manitoba, south to Wash- Widespread in , Yukon Territory to Manitoba, ington, , and New Mexico. south to California, New Mexico, , and Iowa.

Astragalus albulus Astragalus allochrous

var. allochrous

var. playanus

Badlands and clay slopes of northeastern Arizona and Southeastern California to trans-Pecos , south to northwestern New Mexico. , , and Chihuahua.

4 Astragalus alpinus Astragalus altus

Widespread from Alaska to Nova Scotia, south to Known only from New Mexico. , , New Mexico, , and Ver- mont.

Astragalus amphioxys Astragalus bisulcatus

var. bisulcatus

var. haydenianus

Plains and of , , Nevada, Ari- Var. bisulcatus: east to Manitoba, south to zona, and New Mexico. , New Mexico, and . Var. haydenianus: , Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona.

5 Astragalus bodinii Astragalus brandegei

Somewhat disjunct in Alaska and northwestern Canada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. and Utah, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, and New Mexico.

Astragalus calycosus Astragalus canadensis

var. scaposus

Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. Widespread from east to , south to and .

6 Astragalus castetteri Astragalus ceramicus

Known only from New Mexico. Arid western , from Idaho to North Da- kota, south to Arizona, New Mexico, and .

Astragalus chuskanus Astragalus cobrensis

var. cobrensis

var. maguirei

Known only from the Chuska Mountains of New Arizona and New Mexico, and probably Chihuahua Mexico. and Sonora.

7 Astragalus coltonii Astragalus crassicarpus

var. moabensis var. crassicarpus

var. cavus

var. paysonii Southeastern Utah and adjacent Colorado, and the Alberta to Manitoba, south through the central United Four-Corners of Arizona and New Mexico. States to New Mexico, Texas, and .

Astragalus cyaneus Astragalus desperatus

Known only from New Mexico. Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico.

8 Astragalus drummondii Astragalus egglestonii

Alberta and Saskatchwean, south through the Rocky Western New Mexico and adjacent Arizona. Mountains and western to New Mexico.

Astragalus emoryanus Astragalus eremiticus

Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Mexico. Idaho, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico.

9 Astragalus feensis Astragalus flavus

var. candicans

var. flavus

Known only from New Mexico. Wyoming, Utah, Nevada, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.

Astragalus flexuosus Astragalus fucatus

var. flexuosus

var. greenei

British Columbia east to Ontario, south to New Mexico, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. Nebraska, and .

10 Astragalus giganteus Astragalus gilensis

New Mexico, Texas, and Chihuahua. Arizona and New Mexico.

Astragalus gracilis Astragalus gypsodes

Saskatchewan south to New Mexico and Texas. to New Mexico and Texas.

11 Astragalus hallii Astragalus humillimus

var. fallax

var. hallii

Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona. Colorado and New Mexico.

Astragalus humistratus Astragalus iodopetalus

var. humistratus var. crispulus

var. sororae var. hosackiae

var. humivagans Colorado, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico. Colorado and New Mexico.

12 Astragalus kentrophyta Astragalus kerrii

var. elatus

var. implexus

var. neomexicanus Alberta and Saskatchewan south to California, New Known only from New Mexico. Mexico, and Nebraska.

Astragalus knightii Astragalus lentiginosus

var. australis

var. diphysus

Known only from New Mexico. Widely dispersed from British Columbia to California and east through the Rocky to west Texas.

13 Astragalus lonchocarpus Astragalus lotiflorus

Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. British Columbia to Manitoba, south through the Rocky Mountain and states to New Mexico, Texas, and Coahuila.

Astragalus micromerius Astragalus missouriensis

var. missouriensis var. accumbens

var. mimetes

var. amphibolus

Apparently known only from New Mexico. Alberta to Manitoba, south through the Rocky Moun- tains and prairie states to New Mexico and Texas.

14 Astragalus mollissimus Astragalus monumentalis

var. mollissimus var. mogollonicus var. cottamii

var. earlei var. bigelovii var. monumentalis

var. mathewsii var. thompsonae Utah and Wyoming, south to Chihuahua and Coahuila. Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico.

Astragalus naturitensis Astragalus neomexicanus

Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico. Known only from New Mexico.

15 Astragalus newberryi Astragalus nothoxys

Oregon, California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and New Arizona, New Mexico, and Chihuahua. Mexico.

Astragalus nuttallianus Astragalus oocalycis

Southern California and Nevada, east to Colorado, Colorado and New Mexico. Oklahoma, Texas, and northern Mexico.

16 Astragalus pattersonii Astragalus pictiformis

Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. New Mexico and Texas.

Astragalus praelongus Astragalus proximus

var. praelongus

var. ellisiae

Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, and New Mexico and Colorado. Texas.

17 Astragalus puniceus Astragalus racemosus

var. gertrudis var. racemosus

var. puniceus var. longisetus

Colorado, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. Saskatchewan south through the prairie states to New Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma; also Utah and San Luis Potosi.

Astragalus ripleyi Astragalus robbinsii

var. minor

New Mexico and southern Colorado. Alaska down the to northern New Mexico, and the New states and eastern Canada.

18 Astragalus sabulonum Astragalus scopulorum

California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico. Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.

Astragalus sericoluecus Astragalus shortianus

Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, and New Mexico. Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico.

19 Astragalus siliceus Astragalus tenellus

Known only from New Mexico. Yukon east to Manitoba, south to Nevada, New Mexico, Nebraska, and Minnesota.

Astragalus tephrodes Astragalus thurberi

var. tephrodes

var. brachylobus

Nevada and southwestern Utah, Arizona, and New Arizona, New Mexico, and Sonora. Mexico.

20 Astragalus vaccarum Astragalus waterfallii

Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico. New Mexico, Texas, and Chihuahua.

Astragalus wingatanus Astragalus wittmannii

Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. Known only from New Mexico.

21 Oxytropis deflexa Oxytropis lambertii

var. deflexa var. bigelovii

var. sericea var. articulata

Widespread through the Rocky Mountains from New Mexico Saskatchewan and Manitoba south to Arizona and New north to the Yukon. Mexico.

Oxytropis parryi Oxytropis sericea

California, Idaho, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and New Yukon south to Nevada, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. Mexico.

22 Oxytropis splendens

Alaska to Ontario, south through the northern states to Colorado and New Mexico.

23 24 New Mexico State University is an /equal opportunity employer and educator. NMSU and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. April 1997 Las Cruces, NM 5C