Atlas of New Mexico Astragalus and Oxytropis
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E Agricultural Experiment Station ¥ Research Report 715 N U College of Agriculture and Home Economics N Y I I T tag">V E R S ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Astragalus flexuosus ...... 10 Astragalus fucatus ...... 10 We are grateful to all who have assisted with this Astragalus giganteus ...... 11 project. The preliminary stages of this atlas stemmed Astragalus gilensis ...... 11 from the work of Bill Fox. We thank the curators of the Astragalus gracilis ...... 11 herbaria (see Introduction) who allowed us access to their Astragalus gypsodes ...... 11 specimens and room to work. The various phases of data Astragalus hallii ...... 12 gathering and mapping proceeded rapidly and efficiently Astragalus humillimus ...... 12 with the help of Norman Jensen and Shawn Jensen. Astragalus humistratus ...... 12 Astragalus iodopetalus ...... 12 Astragalus kentrophyta ...... 13 Astragalus kerrii ...... 13 Astragalus knightii ...... 13 CONTENTS Astragalus lentiginosus ...... 13 Astragalus lonchocarpus ...... 14 Nomenclature ...... 1 Astragalus lotiflorus ...... 14 Poisonous species of Astragalus and Oxytropis ...... 1 Astragalus micromerius ...... 14 New Mexico species known to contain Astragalus missouriensis ...... 14 swainsonine: ...... 1 Astragalus mollissimus ...... 15 New Mexico species known to contain Astragalus monumentalis ...... 15 nitro-compounds: ...... 1 Astragalus naturitensis...... 15 New Mexico species known to contain Astragalus neomexicanus ...... 15 selenium: ...... 2 Astragalus newberryi ...... 16 Uncommon and rare species of Astragalus Astragalus nothoxys ...... 16 and Oxytropis ...... 2 Astragalus nuttallianus ...... 16 References ...... 2 Astragalus oocalycis ...... 16 Astragalus adsurgens ...... 4 Astragalus pattersonii ...... 17 Astragalus agrestis ...... 4 Astragalus pictiformis ...... 17 Astragalus albulus ...... 4 Astragalus praelongus...... 17 Astragalus allochrous ...... 4 Astragalus proximus ...... 17 Astragalus alpinus ...... 5 Astragalus puniceus ...... 18 Astragalus altus ...... 5 Astragalus racemosus ...... 18 Astragalus amphioxys ...... 5 Astragalus ripleyi ...... 18 Astragalus bisulcatus ...... 5 Astragalus robbinsii ...... 18 Astragalus bodinii ...... 6 Astragalus sabulonum ...... 19 Astragalus brandegei ...... 6 Astragalus scopulorum ...... 19 Astragalus calycosus ...... 6 Astragalus sericoluecus...... 19 Astragalus canadensis ...... 6 Astragalus shortianus ...... 19 Astragalus castetteri ...... 7 Astragalus siliceus...... 20 Astragalus ceramicus ...... 7 Astragalus tenellus ...... 20 Astragalus chuskanus ...... 7 Astragalus tephrodes ...... 20 Astragalus cobrensis ...... 7 Astragalus thurberi ...... 20 Astragalus coltonii ...... 8 Astragalus vaccarum ...... 21 Astragalus crassicarpus ...... 8 Astragalus waterfallii ...... 21 Astragalus cyaneus ...... 8 Astragalus wingatanus ...... 21 Astragalus desperatus ...... 8 Astragalus wittmannii ...... 21 Astragalus drummondii ...... 9 Oxytropis deflexa...... 22 Astragalus egglestonii ...... 9 Oxytropis lambertii ...... 22 Astragalus emoryanus ...... 9 Oxytropis parryi ...... 22 Astragalus eremiticus ...... 9 Oxytropis sericea...... 22 Astragalus feensis ...... 10 Oxytropis splendens ...... 23 Astragalus flavus ...... 10 Atlas Of New Mexico Astragalus and Oxytropis
Eric H. Roalson and Kelly W. Allred1
This atlas provides distribution maps for all the compounds and to be at least potentially toxic are species of Astragalus and Oxytropis found in New grouped by category below. Mexico. This is an important group of plants, compris- ing some 80 species in the Fabaceae (pea) family, the New Mexico species known to contain swainsonine: third largest plant family in the state. Many of the Astragalus allochrous A. Gray species in these two genera are toxic to livestock and var. allochrous other grazing animals (see lists below). var. playanus (M.E. Jones) Isley The maps were compiled from collection informa- Astragalus amphioxys Gray tion primarily provided by the major herbaria in the Astragalus bisulcatus (Hooker) Gray state: the Biology Herbarium at the University of New var. bisulcatus Mexico, Albuquerque; and the Biology Herbarium and var. haydenianus (Gray) Barneby Range Science Herbarium at New Mexico State Univer- Astragalus drummondii Douglas ex Hooker sity, Las Cruces. Additional records were obtained from Astragalus emoryanus (Rydberg) Cory the herbaria at Western New Mexico University (Silver Astragalus flavus Nuttall City), Arizona State University (Tempe), University of Astragalus humistratus Gray Arizona (Tucson), and Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Gar- var. humivagans (Rydberg) Barneby dens (Claremont, California). We also relied on what- Astragalus lentiginosus Douglas ex Hooker ever published sources were available, most notably var. diphysus (Gray) Jones Barneby’s (1952, 1964) monumental taxonomic works Astragalus lonchocarpus Torrey on these two genera. Astragalus missouriensis Nuttall var. amphibolus Barneby Nomenclature var. missouriensis Astragalus mollissimus Torrey We have tried to use the correct scientific nomencla- var. mollissimus ture for the names of these plants and have followed A var. earlei (Rydberg) Tidestrom Working Index of New Mexico Vascular Plant Names var. matthewsii (Watson) Barneby (Roalson and Allred 1995). In some cases, we had to var. thompsonae (Watson) M.E. Jones decide between conflicting taxonomic interpretations Astragalus oocalycis M.E. Jones (and their conflicting nomenclatures), but the refer- Astragalus praelongus Sheldon ences associated with such decisions will also be found Astragalus tephrodes Gray in the vascular plant index. Astragalus thurberi Gray Oxytropis lambertii Pursh Poisonous Species of Astragalus and Oxytropis Oxytropis sericea Nuttall ex Torrey & Gray Several species of Astragalus and Oxytropis contain New Mexico species known to contain nitro-compounds: compounds that are toxic to grazing animals: swainsonine (an alkaloid), nitro-compounds, and selenium (Fox et Astragalus emoryanus (Rydberg) Cory al., in press). The species that are known to contain these
1Graduate student and professor, respectively, Department of Animal and Range Sciences. New Mexico species known to contain selenium: References Astragalus bisulcatus (Hooker) Gray Barneby, R.C. 1952. A Revision of the North American var. bisulcatus Species of Oxytropis DC. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. IV. var. haydenianus (Gray) Gray 27:177Ð309. Astragalus praelongus Sheldon Barneby, R.C. 1964. Atlas of North American Astraga- var. praelongus lus Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 13:1Ð1188. var. ellisiae (Rydberg) Barneby Fox, W.E., K.W. Allred, and E.H. Roalson. In Press. A Astragalus racemosus Pursh Guide to the Common Locoweeds and Milkvetches var. racemosus of New Mexico. New Mexico Agr. Exp. Sta. var. longisetus M.E. Jones New Mexico Native Plant Protection Advisory Com- mittee. 1984. A Handbook of Rare and Endemic Uncommon and Rare Species of Astragalus Plants of New Mexico. University of New Mexico and Oxytropis Press, Albuquerque. Roalson, E.H. and K.W. Allred. 1995. A Working Index Numerous species of Astragalus were listed in A of New Mexico Vascular Plant Names. New Mexico Handbook of Rare and Endemic Plants of New Mexico Agr. Exp. Sta. Research Report 702. (New Mexico Native Plant Protection Advisory Com- mittee 1984) as being particularly interesting because of their restricted distributions in New Mexico. There also are several species that have since been described or recently found in New Mexico with limited distribu- tions. We list these species here, so that extensions and additions to their geographic ranges may be added to the current knowledge of these uncommon species.
Astragalus accumbens Sheldon Astragalus altus Wooton & Standley Astragalus castetteri Barneby Astragalus chuskanus Barneby & Spellenberg Astragalus crassicarpus Nuttall var. paysonii (Kelso) Barneby Astragalus cyaneus Gray Astragalus feensis M.E. Jones Astragalus gypsodes Barneby Astragalus humillimus Gray ex Brandegee Astragalus kentrophyta Gray var. neomexicanus (Barneby) Barneby Astragalus kerrii Knight & Cully Astragalus knightii Barneby Astragalus micromerius Barneby Astragalus mollissimus Torrey var. matthewsii (Watson) Barneby Astragalus monumentalis Barneby var. cottamii (Welsh) Isely Astragalus monumentalis Barneby var. monumentalis Astragalus naturitensis Payson Astragalus neomexicanus Wooton & Standley Astragalus oocalycis M.E. Jones Astragalus puniceus Osterhout var. gertrudis (Greene) Barneby Astragalus sericoluecus Gray Astragalus siliceus Barneby Astragalus wittmannii Barneby Oxytropis parryi Gray
2 Taos San Juan Rio Arriba Colfax Union
Mora Harding Los Alamos McKinley Sandoval Santa Fe San Miguel
Quay Bernalillo Cibola Guadalupe
Valencia Torrance Curry De Baca
Catron Socorro Roosevelt Lincoln
Chaves
Sierra Grant Lea Otero
Dona Ana Eddy Luna
Hidalgo
Counties of New Mexico.
3 Astragalus adsurgens Astragalus agrestis
var. robustior
Widespread from Alaska to Manitoba, south to Wash- Widespread in North America, Yukon Territory to Manitoba, ington, Iowa, and New Mexico. south to California, New Mexico, Nebraska, and Iowa.
Astragalus albulus Astragalus allochrous
var. allochrous
var. playanus
Badlands and clay slopes of northeastern Arizona and Southeastern California to trans-Pecos Texas, south to northwestern New Mexico. Sonora, Durango, and Chihuahua.
4 Astragalus alpinus Astragalus altus
Widespread from Alaska to Nova Scotia, south to Known only from New Mexico. Oregon, Nevada, New Mexico, Wisconsin, and Ver- mont.
Astragalus amphioxys Astragalus bisulcatus
var. bisulcatus
var. haydenianus
Plains and foothills of Utah, Colorado, Nevada, Ari- Var. bisulcatus: Alberta east to Manitoba, south to zona, and New Mexico. Idaho, New Mexico, and Kansas. Var. haydenianus: Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona.
5 Astragalus bodinii Astragalus brandegei
Somewhat disjunct in Alaska and northwestern Canada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. and Utah, Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, and New Mexico.
Astragalus calycosus Astragalus canadensis
var. scaposus
Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. Widespread from British Columbia east to Ontario, south to Washington and South Carolina.
6 Astragalus castetteri Astragalus ceramicus
Known only from New Mexico. Arid western United States, from Idaho to North Da- kota, south to Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma.
Astragalus chuskanus Astragalus cobrensis
var. cobrensis
var. maguirei
Known only from the Chuska Mountains of New Arizona and New Mexico, and probably Chihuahua Mexico. and Sonora.
7 Astragalus coltonii Astragalus crassicarpus
var. moabensis var. crassicarpus
var. cavus
var. paysonii Southeastern Utah and adjacent Colorado, and the Alberta to Manitoba, south through the central United Four-Corners area of Arizona and New Mexico. States to New Mexico, Texas, and Arkansas.
Astragalus cyaneus Astragalus desperatus
Known only from New Mexico. Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico.
8 Astragalus drummondii Astragalus egglestonii
Alberta and Saskatchwean, south through the Rocky Western New Mexico and adjacent Arizona. Mountains and western prairies to New Mexico.
Astragalus emoryanus Astragalus eremiticus
Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Mexico. Idaho, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico.
9 Astragalus feensis Astragalus flavus
var. candicans
var. flavus
Known only from New Mexico. Wyoming, Utah, Nevada, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.
Astragalus flexuosus Astragalus fucatus
var. flexuosus
var. greenei
British Columbia east to Ontario, south to New Mexico, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. Nebraska, and Minnesota.
10 Astragalus giganteus Astragalus gilensis
New Mexico, Texas, and Chihuahua. Arizona and New Mexico.
Astragalus gracilis Astragalus gypsodes
Saskatchewan south to New Mexico and Texas. North Dakota to New Mexico and Texas.
11 Astragalus hallii Astragalus humillimus
var. fallax
var. hallii
Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona. Colorado and New Mexico.
Astragalus humistratus Astragalus iodopetalus
var. humistratus var. crispulus
var. sororae var. hosackiae
var. humivagans Colorado, Utah, Nevada, Arizona, and New Mexico. Colorado and New Mexico.
12 Astragalus kentrophyta Astragalus kerrii
var. elatus
var. implexus
var. neomexicanus Alberta and Saskatchewan south to California, New Known only from New Mexico. Mexico, and Nebraska.
Astragalus knightii Astragalus lentiginosus
var. australis
var. diphysus
Known only from New Mexico. Widely dispersed from British Columbia to California and east through the Rocky Mountain states to west Texas.
13 Astragalus lonchocarpus Astragalus lotiflorus
Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. British Columbia to Manitoba, south through the Rocky Mountain and prairie states to New Mexico, Texas, and Coahuila.
Astragalus micromerius Astragalus missouriensis
var. missouriensis var. accumbens
var. mimetes
var. amphibolus
Apparently known only from New Mexico. Alberta to Manitoba, south through the Rocky Moun- tains and prairie states to New Mexico and Texas.
14 Astragalus mollissimus Astragalus monumentalis
var. mollissimus var. mogollonicus var. cottamii
var. earlei var. bigelovii var. monumentalis
var. mathewsii var. thompsonae Utah and Wyoming, south to Chihuahua and Coahuila. Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico.
Astragalus naturitensis Astragalus neomexicanus
Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico. Known only from New Mexico.
15 Astragalus newberryi Astragalus nothoxys
Oregon, California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and New Arizona, New Mexico, and Chihuahua. Mexico.
Astragalus nuttallianus Astragalus oocalycis
Southern California and Nevada, east to Colorado, Colorado and New Mexico. Oklahoma, Texas, and northern Mexico.
16 Astragalus pattersonii Astragalus pictiformis
Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. New Mexico and Texas.
Astragalus praelongus Astragalus proximus
var. praelongus
var. ellisiae
Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, and New Mexico and Colorado. Texas.
17 Astragalus puniceus Astragalus racemosus
var. gertrudis var. racemosus
var. puniceus var. longisetus
Colorado, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. Saskatchewan south through the prairie states to New Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma; also Utah and San Luis Potosi.
Astragalus ripleyi Astragalus robbinsii
var. minor
New Mexico and southern Colorado. Alaska down the Rocky Mountains to northern New Mexico, and the New England states and eastern Canada.
18 Astragalus sabulonum Astragalus scopulorum
California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico. Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.
Astragalus sericoluecus Astragalus shortianus
Wyoming, Nebraska, Colorado, and New Mexico. Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico.
19 Astragalus siliceus Astragalus tenellus
Known only from New Mexico. Yukon east to Manitoba, south to Nevada, New Mexico, Nebraska, and Minnesota.
Astragalus tephrodes Astragalus thurberi
var. tephrodes
var. brachylobus
Nevada and southwestern Utah, Arizona, and New Arizona, New Mexico, and Sonora. Mexico.
20 Astragalus vaccarum Astragalus waterfallii
Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico. New Mexico, Texas, and Chihuahua.
Astragalus wingatanus Astragalus wittmannii
Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. Known only from New Mexico.
21 Oxytropis deflexa Oxytropis lambertii
var. deflexa var. bigelovii
var. sericea var. articulata
Widespread through the Rocky Mountains from New Mexico Saskatchewan and Manitoba south to Arizona and New north to the Yukon. Mexico.
Oxytropis parryi Oxytropis sericea
California, Idaho, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and New Yukon south to Nevada, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. Mexico.
22 Oxytropis splendens
Alaska to Ontario, south through the northern plain states to Colorado and New Mexico.
23 24 New Mexico State University is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer and educator. NMSU and the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperating. April 1997 Las Cruces, NM 5C