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Daniel Strange Clark H. Pinnock: the Evolution of an Evangelical Maverick
EQ 71:4 (1999), 311-326 Daniel Strange Clark H. Pinnock: The Evolution of an Evangelical Maverick The theological debate awakened by the work ofDr Clark Pinnock has figured more than once in the EVANGEUCAL QUARTERLY in recent years. The submission oftwo arti cles on the topic, the one dealing with the general development ofPinnock ~ theology and the other with the specific question ofexclusivism and inclusivism, suggested that it might be worthwhile to publish them together and also give the subject the opportunity to comment on them. The author of our first article is doing doctoral research on the problem of the unevangelised in recent evangelical theology in the University ofBristol. Key words: Theology; religion; inclusivism; Pinnock. ! Some theologians are idealogues, so cocksure about the truth that they are willing to force reality to fit into their own system; others are not so sure and permit reality to ch~nge them and their systems instead. I am a theologian 1 of the latter type. ! ' In this paper I wish t~; give a biographical study of the Canadian Baptist theologi~, Clark H.iPinnock, giving a flavour of his pi~grimage in the ology WhICh has spar;ned five decades. In understanding the current work of a particular sC,holar, it is always helpful to understand the con text within which he or she works, the theological background from which they have come, and the influences that have shaped their thought. From this it may even be possible to predict where they will go next in their theological journey. Within the Evangelical community, especially in North America, Clark Pinnock is one of the most stimulating, controversial and influ ential theologians, and a study of his work raises important questions about the nature and identity of contemporary Evangelicalism. -
God, the Bible and Spiritual Warfare: a Review Article D
14-Carson_JETS 42.2 Page 251 Thursday, May 20, 1999 11:37 AM JETS 42/2 (June 1999) 251–269 GOD, THE BIBLE AND SPIRITUAL WARFARE: A REVIEW ARTICLE D. A. CARSON* Many readers of these pages will know Boyd through his earlier and im- pressive work, Cynic, Sage, or Son of God? Recovering the Real Jesus in an Age of Revisionist Replies (1995). Boyd’s most recent book, God at War: The Bible and Spiritual Con˘ict (InterVarsity, 1997), is less interested in re- sponding to various reconstructions of the historical Jesus largely grounded in an over-dependence on Greco-Roman background tinged by philosophical naturalism than in establishing a line of thought that Boyd judges to be central in Scripture and that is largely misunderstood or distorted in contem- porary evangelicalism. There are two agendas operating in this book. On the one hand, we are treated to a Biblical theology of God as warrior, in some ways formally rem- iniscent of the recent book by Tremper Longman, III, and Daniel G. Reid, God Is a Warrior (1995), though with a very diˆerent theology. On the other hand, Boyd oˆers an understanding of God and a related theodicy that are highly reminiscent of the “open God” theology advanced and defended by Clark Pinnock, Roger Olson, William Hasker and others. In his introduction (“The Normativity of Evil Within a Warfare World- view”), Boyd reminds the reader of Daniel’s experience. After praying and fasting for three weeks, Daniel was visited by an angel who told Daniel that his prayer had been heard immediately, and that the angel himself had been immediately dispatched. -
Clark H. Pinnock on the Open and Risking God
1 FROM TULIP TO ROSE: CLARK H. PINNOCK ON THE OPEN AND RISKING GOD by Barry L. Callen By the eighteenth century Calvinistic theology had solidified into dogmatic assertions about the being of a sovereign God and God's relations to the fallen creation. Formalized at the Synod of Dort (1618-1619), this "TULIP" solidification had become firm Calvinistic dogma. Hardly a fragrant flower lacking rigid and defensive thorns, this particular theological TULIP consisted of the five affirmed articles of Dort issued in response to the Anninian Remonstrance of 1610. These articles were: (1) Total depravity; (2) Unconditional election; (3) Limited atonement; ( 4) Irresistible grace; and (5) Perseverance of the saints. The five petals of this TULIP are tightly interconnected as the logical chain that would become standard theological thinking for much of evangelicalism in the twentieth century. John Wesley carried on a long debate with Calvinists, especially the Calvinist George Whitefield. He certainly endorsed the fundamental concepts of a sovereign God and a fallen creation, but his view of the relational and redeeming nature of the sovereign God disallowed any unqualified unfolding of at least points 2-5 of Dart's TULIP. In the North American evangelical community of the last half of the twentieth century, this debate has continued. Wesley's view managed to gain only a minority position. This now may be changing, at least to some significant degree. A school of thought sometimes called "Free-Will Theism" has been pioneered by theologian Clark H. Pinnock. Since the 1970s, the theological work of Clark Pinnock has taken up the task of renewing evangelical theology .1 In large part this renewal has proceeded by Pinnock' s often controversial effort to freshly champion on the contemporary evangelical scene key theistic and soteriological insights similar to those of John Wesley. -
Copyright © 2016 Matthew Habib Emadi All Rights Reserved. The
Copyright © 2016 Matthew Habib Emadi All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without limitation, preservation or instruction. THE ROYAL PRIEST: PSALM 110 IN BIBLICAL- THEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by Matthew Habib Emadi May 2016 APPROVAL SHEET THE ROYAL PRIEST: PSALM 110 IN BIBLICAL- THEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE Matthew Habib Emadi Read and Approved by: __________________________________________ James M. Hamilton (Chair) __________________________________________ Peter J. Gentry __________________________________________ Brian J. Vickers Date______________________________ To my wife, Brittany, who is wonderfully patient, encouraging, faithful, and loving To our children, Elijah, Jeremiah, Aliyah, and Josiah, may you be as a kingdom and priests to our God (Rev 5:10) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................ ix LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ xii PREFACE ........................................................................................................................ xiii Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ -
Open Theism and Pentecostalism: a Comparative Study of the Godhead, Soteriology, Eschatology and Providence
OPEN THEISM AND PENTECOSTALISM: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE GODHEAD, SOTERIOLOGY, ESCHATOLOGY AND PROVIDENCE By RICHARD ALLAN A Thesis Submitted to the University of Birmingham for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Theology and Religion School of Philosophy, Theology and Religion College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham March 2018 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT Despite Open Theism’s claims for a robust ‘Social’ Trinitarianism, there exists significant inconsistencies in how it is portrayed and subsequently applied within its wider theology. This sympathetic, yet critical, evaluation arises from the Pneumatological lacuna which exists not only in the conception of God as Trinity, but the subsequent treatment of divine providence, soteriology and eschatology. In overcoming this significant lacuna, the thesis adopts Francis Clooney’s comparative methodology as a means of initiating a comparative dialogue with Pentecostalism, to glean important insights concerning its Pneumatology. By engaging in the comparative dialogue between to the two communities, the novel insights regarding the Spirit are then incorporated into a provisional and experimental model of Open Theism entitled Realizing Eschatology. -
Hell: Never, Forever, Or Just for Awhile?
TMSJ 9/2 (Fall 1998) 129-145 HELL: NEVER, FOREVER, OR JUST FOR AWHILE? Richard L. Mayhue Senior Vice President and Dean Professor of Theology and Pastoral Ministries The plethora of literature produced in the last two decades on the basic nature of hell indicates a growing debate in evangelicalism that has not been experienced since the latter half of the nineteenth century. This introductory article to the entire theme issue of TMSJ sets forth the context of the question of whether hell involves conscious torment forever in Gehenna for unbelievers or their annihilation after the final judgment. It discusses historical, philosophical, lexical, contextual, and theological issues that prove crucial to reaching a definitive biblical conclusion. In the end, hell is a conscious, personal torment forever; it is not “just for awhile” before annihilation after the final judgment (conditional immortality) nor is its final retribution “never” (universalism). * * * * * A few noted evangelicals such as Clark Pinnock,1 John Stott,2 and John Wenham3 have in recent years challenged the doctrine of eternal torment forever in hell as God’s final judgment on all unbelievers. James Hunter, in his landmark “sociological interpretation” of evangelicalism, notes that “. it is clear that there is a measurable degree of uneasiness within this generation of Evangelicals with the notion of an eternal damnation.”4 The 1989 evangelical doctrinal caucus “Evangelical Affirmations” surprisingly debated this issue. “Strong disagreements did surface over the position of annihilationism, a view that holds that unsaved souls 1Clark H. Pinnock, “The Conditional View,” in Four Views on Hell, ed. by William Crockett (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996) 135-66. -
The Religion of Ancient Palestine in the Light of Archaeology the God of Beth-Shan the Religion of Ancient Palestine in the Light of Archaeology
THE SCHWEICH LECTURES ON BIBLICAL ARCHAEOLOGY, 1925 THE RELIGION OF ANCIENT PALESTINE IN THE LIGHT OF ARCHAEOLOGY THE GOD OF BETH-SHAN THE RELIGION OF ANCIENT PALESTINE IN THE LIGHT OF ARCHAEOLOGY BY STANLEY A. COOK, M.A., LITT.D. FELLOW OF GONVILLE AND CAIUS COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LECTURER IN HEBREW AND ARAMAIC THE SCHWEICH LECTURES OF THE BRITISH ACADEMY LONDON PUBLISHED FOR THE BRITISH ACADEMY BY HUMPHREY MILFORD, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS AMEN HOUSE, E,C. 1930 OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS AMEN HOUSE, E.C. 4 LONDON EDINBURGH GLASGOW LEIPZIG NEW YOR~ TORONTO MELBOURNE CAPETOWN BOMBAY CALCUTTA MADRAS SHANGHAI HUMPHREY MILFORD PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY Printed in Great Britain PREFACE HE title and subject of this book will recall the in T auguration of the Schweich Lectures more than twenty years ago, when the late Samuel Rolles Driver gave an account of the contribution of archaeology and the monu ments to Biblical study. Modern Research as illustrating the Bible, the title of his lectures, was a subject to which that great and many-sided scholar felt himself closely drawn; and neither that book nor any of his other writings on the subject can be ignored to-day in spite of the time that has elapsed. For although much has been done, especially since the War, in adding to our knowledge of Oriental archaeo logy and in the discussion of problems arising therefrom, Dr. Driver performed lasting service, not only in opening up what to many readers was a new world, but also in setting forth, with his usual completeness and clearness, both the real significance of the new discoveries and the principles to be employed when the Biblical records and the 'external' evidence are inter-related.1 When, therefore, I was asked, in 1925, to deliver the Schweich Lectures, the suggestion that some account might be given of the work subsequent to 1908 encouraged the wish I had long entertained: to reconsider the religion of Palestine primarily and mainly from the point of view of archaeology. -
A Dialogical Approach to Pentecostal Pneumatology by Allison S
A Dialogical Approach to Pentecostal Pneumatology by Allison S. MacGregor Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (Theology) Acadia University Fall Convocation 2011 © by Allison S. MacGregor, 2011 This thesis by ALLISON S. MACGREGOR was defended successfully in an oral examination on DATE OF DEFENCE. The examining committee for the thesis was: ________________________ Dr. Bruce Fawcett, Chair ________________________ Dr. Van Johnson ________________________ Dr. Robert Wilson ________________________ Dr. William Brackney, Supervisor ________________________ Dr. Craig Evans, Director of MA program, Acadia Divinity College ________________________ Dr. Harry Gardner, President, Acadia Divinity College This thesis is accepted in its present form by the Division of Research and Graduate Studies as satisfying the thesis requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Theology). …………………………………………. ii I, ALLISON S. MACGREGOR, grant permission to the University Librarian at Acadia University to reproduce, loan or distribute copies of my thesis in microform, paper or electronic formats on a non-profit basis. I, however, retain the copyright in my thesis. ______________________________ Author ______________________________ Supervisor ______________________________ Date iii To My Children Gifts from the Lord iv CONTENTS ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................ vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................... -
Reasonable Man’
The University of Notre Dame Australia ResearchOnline@ND Theses 2019 The conjecture from the universality of objectivity in jurisprudential thought: The universal presence of a ‘reasonable man’ Johnny Sakr The University of Notre Dame Australia Follow this and additional works at: https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/theses Part of the Law Commons COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA Copyright Regulations 1969 WARNING The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further copying or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection under the Act. Do not remove this notice. Publication Details Sakr, J. (2019). The conjecture from the universality of objectivity in jurisprudential thought: The universal presence of a ‘reasonable man’ (Master of Philosophy (School of Law)). University of Notre Dame Australia. https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/theses/215 This dissertation/thesis is brought to you by ResearchOnline@ND. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of ResearchOnline@ND. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Conjecture from the Universality of Objectivity in Jurisprudential Thought: The Universal Presence of a ‘Reasonable Man’ By Johnny Michael Sakr Submitted in accordance with the requirements of the degree of Master of Philosophy University of Notre Dame Australia School of Law February 2019 SYNOPSIS This thesis proposes that all legal systems use objective standards as an integral part of their conceptual foundation. To demonstrate this point, this thesis will show that Jewish law, ancient Athenian law, Roman law and canon law use an objective standard like English common law’s ‘reasonable person’ to judge human behaviour. -
The Year 1920 (68) Summary: on March 4, Examinations for Classical
The Year 1920 (68) Summary: On March 4, Examinations for Classical Honour Moderations began for Jack and lasted for eight days, and on March 31 he learned that he had earned First Class Honours. On March 9, the Martlets had dinner in the J.C.R. with the Pembroke College Cambridge Martlets and the University College Oxford Martlets. Then they returned to Mr. Long’s rooms for their joint meeting over which Jack presided. On March 31, Jack earned First Class Honours in Classical Honour Moderations, and later in the year he began Greats. The Government of Ireland Act 1920 was passed by the British Parliament in this year, dividing Ireland into two countries—Northern Ireland and Ireland. In this year or a later year shortly after 1920, Jack wrote the poems “Oh That a Black Ship,” “Heart-breaking School,” “And After This They Sent Me to Another Place,” and “Old Kirk, Like Father Time Himself.”1 January 1920 January 12 Monday. Jack writes to Leo Baker from Little Lea about his lack of privacy, Baker’s health, and H. E. Monro’s refusal to publish the poems Jack sent him, encouraging Baker to come to Oxford next term so Jack can become his disciple in mysticism. January 14 Wednesday. Hilary Term begins. January 15 Thursday. Around this time Warren completes his visit to his father and Little Lea. Warren gets his orders, reports to Salisbury Southern Command, and is sent to Devonport to work with the Horse Transport, commanded by Vale, as Barracks Officer before taking a course at Aldershot. -
On Divine Ambivalence: Open Theism and the Problem of Particular Evils
JETS 44/3 (September 2001) 493–511 ON DIVINE AMBIVALENCE: OPEN THEISM AND THE PROBLEM OF PARTICULAR EVILS paul kjoss helseth* Throughout the history of the Christian Church, orthodox theologians have claimed that God is an omniscient being who has exhaustive knowl- edge of the whole scope of cosmic history. God’s knowledge is exhaustive, they argue, because he knows all true propositions about everything that has been, is, and will be, and he does so in a manner that extends to the mi- nutiae of past, present, and future reality. But if it is indeed true that God knows everything there is to know about the whole scope of cosmic history, then how are we to conceive of the relationship between divine omniscience and human freedom? Must we conclude that we are less than genuinely free because God knows everything there is to know about what has been, is, and will be—including the future free decisions of his creatures? Or, must we rather acknowledge that God is less than exhaustively omniscient because we in fact are significantly free? Whereas orthodox theologians have historically maintained that the perceived tension between divine omniscience and human freedom can be satisfactorily explained by conceiving of omniscience in any one of several ways that neither undermine the authenticity of human freedom nor com- promise the scope of God’s sovereign knowledge,1 contemporary postconser- vative theologians would have us believe that such conceptions no longer pass muster. New interpretations of the relationship between divine om- niscience and human freedom are in order, they argue, not only because classical interpretations are lacking in exegetical sophistication, but also be- cause traditional interpretations are no longer palatable to philosophically astute theologians living at the beginning of the twenty-first century. -
Carl FH Henry (1913–2003) and Kenneth S. Kantzer
Activist Scholar and Entrepreneurial Administrator: The Contributions of Carl F. H. Henry and Kenneth S. Kantzer to Evangelical Theological Education Stephen R. Spencer, theological and cataloging librarian, North Park University, Chicago, Illinois arl F. H. Henry (1913–2003) and Kenneth S. Kantzer (1917– 2002) rank among the most prominent American evangelical theological educators of the second half of the twentieth century.1 CIn one respect, the two men share significant similarities: both were doctoral students in Boston in the 1940s, Henry at Boston University and Kantzer at Harvard; both taught at Wheaton College, even sharing office space at one point; and both served as editors of the evangelical magazine Christianity Today.2 However, in their primary contributions, Henry and Kantzer differ significantly. Henry was a professor and prolific journalist and author who gratefully records being “divinely diverted from administrative work” in the 1940s, despite several close calls.3 Kantzer, 1 An earlier version of this paper was presented at a meeting of the Chicago Area Theological Library Association on April 24, 2015, examining the history of theological education in the greater Chicago area, where both Henry and Kantzer invested years of service. 2 Henry was founding editor from 1956 to 1968; Kantzer was the third editor, from 1978 to 1982. See “Message from the Publisher,” Christianity Today, April 7, 1978, 3; “Editor’s Note,” Christianity Today, October 22, 1982, 4. 3 See Carl F.H. Henry, Confessions of a Theologian: An Autobiography (Waco, TX: Word, 1986), 110, for his “divinely diverted” comment. The specific offices and institutions (all Baptist) were academic dean of Gordon Divinity School in Boston (Confessions, 107) and president of both Sioux Falls College in South Dakota and Western Baptist Theological Seminary in Portland, Oregon (Henry, Confessions, 109–10).