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Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 11-1971 The 46th Street Site and the Occurrence of Allegan Ware in Southwestern Michigan Margaret B. Rogers Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Rogers, Margaret B., "The 46th Street Site and the Occurrence of Allegan Ware in Southwestern Michigan" (1971). Master's Theses. 2939. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/2939 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE 46TH STREET SITE AND THE OCCURRENCE OF ALLEGAN WARE IN SOUTHWESTERN MICHIGAN by Margaret B. Rogers A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan December 1971 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. THE 46TH STREET SITE AND THE OCCURRENCE OF ALLEGAN WARE IN SOUTHWESTERN MICHIGAN Margaret B. Rogers, M.A. Western Michigan University, 1971 The 46th Street site is located on a steep bank twenty feet above the Kalamazoo River in the Allegan State Forest in Allegan County, Michigan. Radiocarbon dates indicate that the site was occupied about A.D. 1200. The settlem ent p a tte rn and ecological data for the 46th Street site points to the conclusion that this was a w inter hunting camp of the Chippewa type. A comparison of the pottery from the 46th Street site with the pottery from the Fennville site which is located in Manlius Township, Allegan County and dates from about A.D. 700, yields some inferences about variation through time in Allegan Ware. The Allegan Ware from the earlier Fennville site shows clear stylistic carryovers from the Middle Woodland time period. Allegan Ware is d iffe re n tia te d from its companion type Wayne Ware which occurs during the same time period in southeastern Michigan. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. INFORMATION TO USERS This dissertation was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" fo r pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation. Silver prints of "photographs" may be ordered at additional charge by writing the Order Department, giving the catalog number, title, author and specific pages you wish reproduced. University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor. Michigan 48106 A Xerox Education Company Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. MASTERS THESIS M-3356 ROGERS, Margaret Bishop THE 46IH STREET SITE AND THE OCCURRENCE OF ALLEGAN WARE IN SOUTHWESTERN MICHIGAN. Western Michigan University, M.A., 1971 Anthropology University Microfilms, A XEROX Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. PLEASE NOTE: Some pages may have indistinct print. Filmed as received. University Microfilms, A Xerox Education Company Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During the preparation of this thesis I received valuable criticism and encouragement from my advisor Professor Elizabeth E. Baldwin. The constructive comments and suggestions of Professors Robert L. Maher and Ernestine Green were most helpful. I would like to thank them and in addition express my appreciation to the many other people who contributed of their time and specialized know­ ledge to further my studies. Finally, I want to express my gratitude to Jeffrey D. Rogers who displayed considerable good cheer through­ out. The responsibility for the contents of this study is my own. Margaret B. Rogers Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE 1 THE 46TH STREET SITE .......................................................... 1 Geography.................. 1 H istory and Methods of Excavation................... 2 Radiocarbon D ates......................... 5 H isto ric M a te ria l...................................................... 5 2 CERAMICS..................................................................................... 6 Surface Treatment....................................................... 6 Temper..................................................................... 8 Color and Hardness...................................... 8 Decorated Body Sherds..................... 9 Rim Sherds................................ 9 Chi Square Tests.. ............. 15 Typology.......................................................... 17 Chronology....................................................................... 23 Other Clay A rtifacts................................................ 24 3 LITHICS...................................................................................... 24 Chipped Stone A rtifacts ......................................... 25 Debitage ........................................................................... 33 Hammerstones. ......... 35 Ground Stone Tools ...................... 37 4 CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS OF DATA...................................... 39 Possible uses of Stone Tools.............. 39 i i Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Features........*. ............... 40 Settlement Pattern ................................................... 43 5 THE FENNVILLE SITE................................................................ 53 Geography...................... 53 6 CERAMICS ...................................................................................... 54 Surface Treatm ent....... ............... 54 Temper................................................................................. 58 Color and Hardness............................. 59 Rim Sherds ................................................................. 59 Chi Square Tests ........................................................... 65 Typology............................................. 69 7 SPECULATIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS ................................ 78 Kinship and Residence ................................................ 78 Time Change In Allegan Ware .................................. 83 Cultural Relationships ........................ 85 APPENDIX...................................................................................... 88 Descriptions of Identified Pottery Types... 88 PHOTOGRAPHIC PLATES.............................................................. 91 BIBLIOGRAPHY...............................................................................100 Works C ited ..................................100 Works Consulted ...............................................................102 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. MAPS NUMBER PAGE 1. 46th Street Site ..................................................................................... 4 2. Sites Discussed in Text ....................................................... 20 3. Relationship of Features; 46th Street Site .......................... 44 4. Fennville Site ............................................................. 55 5. Distribution of Canton Ware in Illinois ................................. 76 FIGURES 1. Classes of Rim Profiles ..................................................................... 11 2. Classes of Straight Rim Profiles; Fennville Site ............. 66 3. Classes of Everted Rim Profiles; Fennville Site ............... 67 PLATES 1. Feature 4 and Feature 6; 46th S tre e t S ite ............................ 91 2. Allegan Ware; 46th Street Site

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