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Southern Pulpwood Production, 2014

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Southern Pulpwood Production, 2014 United States Department of Agriculture Southern Pulpwood Production, 2014 James A. Gray, James W. Bentley, Jason A. Cooper, and David J. Wall Forest Service Southern e-Resource Bulletin Research Station SRS–219 In this report: Page Southern Pulpwood Production by— Appendix 7 • Roundwood and plant residues 9–11 • Species group 9–11 • Territory 9 • Movement 12–13 Pulpmills Using Southern Wood by— • Location 14–15 Note: All tables in this report are available in Microsoft® Excel workbook files. Upon request, these files will be supplied in the format the customer requests. Product Disclaimer The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture of any product or service. May 2018 Southern Research Station 200 W.T. Weaver Blvd. Asheville, NC 28804 www.srs.fs.usda.gov Southern Pulpwood Production, 2014 James A. Gray, Forester U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis, Southern Research Station Knoxville, TN 37919 James W. Bentley, Forester U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis, Southern Research Station Knoxville, TN 37919 Jason A. Cooper, Forester U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis, Southern Research Station Knoxville, TN 37919 and David J. Wall, Forester U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis, Southern Research Station Meadville, MS 39653 INTRODUCTION combined accounted for 77 percent of the total Southern pulpwood production, while hardwoods accounted for the The Forest Inventory Analysis (FIA) unit of the Southern remaining 23 percent. Total Southern pulpwood production Research Station annually compiles, analyzes, and reports was 19 percent lower than the record volume of 75.9 million canvass data of pulpmills in the South. This report for cords (200.9 million green tons) reported in 1997. 2014 presents the findings of a 100-percent canvass of pulpmills that drew roundwood or wood residues from Pulpwood production in the South Central region the 13 Southern States. Of the 81 mills canvassed, 63 (Alabama, Arkansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, responded. For the 18 mills that did not respond, previous Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas) decreased 1 percent, canvass data and other sources of information were used from 33.6 million cords to 33.1 million cords. Softwood for the findings reported in this publication. Regional pulpwood production was down 38,000 cords, or conversion factors were used to convert mill data reported <1 percent, in the region, while hardwood production in nonstandard units to standard cords. The report gives all decreased 393,000 cords, or 4 percent. The South Central production figures in cords and does not include pulpwood region’s production was down 22 percent, or 9.4 million that is exported out of the country. Tables A.1, A.2, and A.5 cords (24.3 million green tons) from the peak year of 1997. of the report express equivalent green tons of production. Between 1997 and 2014, the South Central region lost Unless otherwise indicated, the context for production 16 pulpmills. This region accounts for 54 percent of the comparisons (increases, decreases, or stabilizations) South’s total pulpwood production. throughout the report is the change from 2013 to 2014. Production in the Southeast (Florida, Georgia, North Pulpwood Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia) decreased slightly more than 2 percent, from 29.4 million cords to 28.7 million Total Southern pulpwood production, which includes cords. Softwood production was down <1 percent in both roundwood chipped at pulpmills or at independent this region, or 74,000 cords, while hardwood production chip mills, and other primary industry mill residues decreased 10 percent, or 601,000 cords. From its peak decreased 2 percent, 1.1 million cords, to 61.8 million cords year of 1997, the Southeast region’s production declined (164.7 million green tons) (table A.1). This slight decrease 14 percent, or 4.7 million cords (11.9 million green tons). comes after a 1-percent decrease between 2012 and 2013, Between 1997 and 2014, the Southeast lost seven pulpmills. showing an upward trend from the total production level seen in 2009. At 47.5 million cords, softwood production Alabama’s pulpwood production was up 2 percent to decreased 112.5 thousand cords, or <1 percent. Hardwood 10.2 million cords, leading the South in total pulpwood production was down 6 percent, from 15.4 million cords production (fig. 1) (table A.2). Georgia’s production was up to 14.4 million cords. Softwood roundwood and residues 2 percent to 10.2 million cords. Production in Mississippi Alabama Georgia Mississippi South Carolina Louisiana North Carolina e at Florida St Arkansas Virginia Softwood Hardwood Texas Tennessee Oklahoma Kentucky 0246810 12 Cords (million) Figure 1—Pulpwood production by State and broad species, 2014. decreased 2 percent to 7.4 million cords. Pulpwood Nine Southern States—Arkansas, Florida, Kentucky, production in South Carolina increased <1 percent to Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, 6.1 million cords. Louisiana’s production decreased Tennessee and Texas—showed a decline in roundwood 1 percent and North Carolina’s production decreased production, with North Carolina, Arkansas, Mississippi, 11 percent to 5.7 and 4.5 million cords, respectively. Oklahoma, Texas, Louisiana, and Florida reporting a decline Collectively, these six States accounted for 44.1 million from <1 to 8 percent, respectively. Tennessee and Kentucky cords, or 71 percent, of the South’s total 2014 production. reported significant decreases of 13 and 15 percent, respectively. Four Southern States showed small to moderate Roundwood increases in roundwood production. Alabama’s roundwood production increased 5 percent and led in total roundwood Roundwood pulpwood continues to be the primary fiber production, with 8.4 million cords, and as producer of source used in pulp manufacture in the South. In 2014, it hardwood roundwood, with 2.0 million cords. At 8.2 million accounted for 80 percent of the total Southern pulpwood cords, Georgia ranked second in total roundwood production production (fig. 2). This represents an increase from and was the leading producer of softwood roundwood, at 2013 when roundwood accounted for 79 percent of total 6.9 million cords. Roundwood pulpwood production in pulpwood production. Between 2003 and 2006, roundwood Mississippi, South Carolina, Louisiana, and Florida was comprised between 72 and 74 percent. Overall, from 2013 6.1, 5.1, 4.6, and 3.6 million cords, respectively. Combined to 2014, the South’s roundwood production increased by production in these six States was 36.0 million cords, for 307,000 cords, or <1 percent, from 49.4 to 49.7 million 72 percent of the South’s roundwood total. cords (table A.3). At 38.4 million cords, softwood accounted for nearly 77 percent of the total roundwood production. Wood Residues Between 2013 and 2014, softwood roundwood production was up 2 percent, or 858,000 cords, while hardwood Mills reported two types of receipts: roundwood and wood roundwood production dropped by 551,000 cords, or residues. Wood residues consist primarily of mill residue 5 percent. In comparison to the peak year of 1997, softwood chips, a byproduct of sawmilling and veneer mill operations. roundwood production was up by 4.4 million cords, or This publication reports certain residues that technically are 13 percent, while hardwood roundwood production dropped not wood residues, such as chips produced in the woods or by 8.9 million cords, or 44 percent. generated when material received as roundwood by primary producers is chipped instead of milled. Softwood Wood residue production in the South decreased 10 percent residues 15% to 12.1 million cords, or 29.3 million tons (table A.4). Softwood residue production was down 10 percent to 9.1 million cords and accounted for 75 percent of total wood residues. Hardwood residue production decreased 13 percent to 3.0 million cords. Hardwood roundwood 18% Three Southern States—Tennessee, Louisiana, and Kentucky—showed an increase in wood residue production Softwood ranging between 4 and 149 percent, while 10 States showed roundwood declines—Georgia, Oklahoma, Mississippi, Virginia, 62% Hardwood Florida, Alabama, Arkansas, Texas, South Carolina, and residues North Carolina—of -1, -3, -6, -6, -8, -9, -10, -14, -30, and 5% -33 percent, respectively. Georgia led Southern States in the production of wood residues with 2.0 million cords, 62 million cords followed by Alabama, Mississippi, North Carolina, Figure 2—Softwood and hardwood components of Southern Louisiana and Texas with 1.8, 1.3, 1.2, 1.1, and 1.1 million pulpwood production, 2014. cords, respectively. Combined wood residue production in these six States amounted to 8.6 million cords, or 71 percent of the South’s total. 2 County and Parish Production or both; in 2013, this number was 914; in 2012, it was 928; in 2011, it was 910; in 2010, it was 913; and in 2009, it was Table A.5 summarizes pulpwood production in the South by 902. source of wood, State, year, and number of mills for 2001 through 2014. Exports of wood residues and pulpwood Figures 3 and 4 depict the intensity of production of production exported outside the United States are not softwood and hardwood roundwood pulpwood in cords per included in these figures because of difficulty determining square mile of timberland. In both figures, counties in the the county of origin for the residues and exports. In 2014, dark shade of green produced 100 cords per square mile of of the 1,306 total counties in the 13 Southern States, timberland. 910 counties produced softwood or hardwood roundwood Cords per square mile of timberland 0 0–10 10–50 50–100 100+ Figure 3—Softwood roundwood production in the South by county or parish, 2014.
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