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The Complexity and Fragility of Early Iron Age Urbanism in West-Central Temperate Europe
J World Prehist (2017) 30:259–279 DOI 10.1007/s10963-017-9108-5 The Complexity and Fragility of Early Iron Age Urbanism in West-Central Temperate Europe 1 1 Manuel Ferna´ndez-Go¨tz • Ian Ralston Published online: 5 September 2017 Ó The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract The development of large agglomerations is one of the most important phenomena in later Eurasian prehistory. In west-central temperate Europe, the origins of urbanism have long been associated with the oppida of the second to first centuries BC. However, large-scale excavations and surveys carried out over the last two decades have fundamentally modified the traditional picture of early centralization processes. New results indicate that the first urban centres north of the Alps developed over time between the end of the seventh and the fifth century BC in an area stretching from Bohemia to southern Germany and Central France. Sites such as the Heuneburg, Za´vist, Mont Lassois and Bourges produce evidence of a process of differentiation and hierarchization in the pattern of settlement that was concurrently an expression of, and a catalyst for, increasing social inequality. Although contacts with the Mediterranean world would certainly have played a role in such processes, endogenous factors were primarily responsible for the development of these early Central European agglom- erations. This paper summarizes recent fieldwork results, showing the heterogeneity and diversity of Early Iron Age central places and outlining their diachronic devel- opment. The fragility and ephemeral character of these centres of power and their territories is highlighted. -
Burial Mounds in Europe and Japan Comparative and Contextual Perspectives
Comparative and Global Perspectives on Japanese Archaeology Burial Mounds in Europe and Japan Comparative and Contextual Perspectives edited by Access Thomas Knopf, Werner Steinhaus and Shin’ya FUKUNAGAOpen Archaeopress Archaeopress Archaeology © Archaeopress and the authors, 2018. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd Summertown Pavilion 18-24 Middle Way Summertown Oxford OX2 7LG www.archaeopress.com ISBN 978 1 78969 007 1 ISBN 978 1 78969 008 8 (e-Pdf) © Archaeopress and the authors 2018 © All image rights are secured by the authors (Figures edited by Werner Steinhaus) Access Cover illustrations: Mori-shōgunzuka mounded tomb located in Chikuma-shi in Nagano prefecture, Japan, by Werner Steinhaus (above) Magdalenenberg burial mound at Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany,Open by Thomas Knopf (below) The printing of this book wasArchaeopress financed by the Sainsbury Institute for the Study of Japanese Arts and Cultures All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Printed in England by Oxuniprint, Oxford This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com © Archaeopress and the authors, 2018. Contents List of Figures .................................................................................................................................................................................... iii List of authors ................................................................................................................................................................................. -
44618 History Newsletter 2009
THE NEWSLETTER DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY Number 58 Chapel Hill, North Carolina Autumn 2009 GREETINGS FROM THE CHAIR. The national and international events of 2008-09 affected the History Department at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, in much the same way that they influenced most other institutions over the past year. The global economic recession, a huge decline in North Carolina’s tax revenues, the major losses in endowment funds, and our own university’s mandated budget cuts all echoed through the offices and classrooms of Hamilton Hall. We learned again that historians have no way to escape from history, even as they maintain the all-important “long view” that keeps everything in proper perspective. Despite the recent financial upheavals, however, the UNC History Department had another highly productive year. The faculty published 12 new books, edited or co-edited seven other books, and produced fifty scholarly articles and chapters in edited collections. Our graduate students continued to receive national and international research awards, including twenty fellowships from foundations and government agencies such as the Mellon Foundation, the ACLS, the Fulbright-Hayes program, the Japan Foundation, and the German government’s DAAD research program. You will find detailed information about the diversity of our Department’s publications, teaching, and research awards in the pages of this Newsletter; and you will see how UNC’s historians remain constantly active, no matter what may be happening in the wider world of stock markets, banks, and international trade. The Department also continued to sponsor the Project for Historical Education (regular seminars for high school history teachers) and the annual public lecture on African American History. -
La Arqueología Funeraria Desde Una Perspectiva De Género
COLECCIÓN ESTUDIOS 145 La Arqueología funeraria desde una perspectiva de género II Jornadas Internacionales de Arqueología y Género en la UAM Lourdes Prados Torreira (Ed.) Clara López Ruiz y Javier Parra Camacho (Coords.) COLECCIÓN ESTUDIOS 145 La Arqueología funeraria desde una perspectiva de género II Jornadas Internacionales de Arqueología y Género en la UAM Lourdes Prados Torreira (Ed.) Clara López Ruiz y Javier Parra Camacho (Coords.) Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Todos los derechos reservados. De conformidad con lo dispuesto en la legislación vigente, podrán ser castigados con penas de multa y privación de libertad quienes reproduzcan o plagien, en todo o en parte, una obra literaria, artística o científica fijada en cualquier tipo de soporte, sin la preceptiva autorización. © Ediciones UAM, 2012 © Los/as respectivos/as autores/as Ediciones Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Campus de Cantoblanco C/ Einstein, 1 28049 Madrid Tel. 914974233 (Fax 914975169) http://www.uam.es/publicaciones [email protected] ISBN: 978-84-8344-218-0 Diseño y maquetación: Miguel A. Tejedor López Depósito legal: Printed in Spain - Impreso en España ÍNDICE Prólogo .........................................................................................................7 Lourdes Prados Torreira Muerte y género en la Prehistoria española ..........................................21 Sandra Montón Subías La mujer en el III milenio a. C. a través de las manifestaciones funerarias: un ejemplo en territorio madrileño ...................................39 -
Fantastic Archaeology and Pseudoscience Lost Tribes, Sunken Continents, and Ancient Astronauts
SOUTHERN METHODIST UNIVERSITY TAOS SUMMER TERM 2019 ANTH 3334: FANTASTIC ARCHAEOLOGY AND PSEUDOSCIENCE LOST TRIBES, SUNKEN CONTINENTS, AND ANCIENT ASTRONAUTS Professor: Whitney A. Goodwin, Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Anthropology Contact: [email protected] Course Time: Monday-Friday, 9:00am-12:00pm, 1:00-4:00pm Course Location: Fort Burgwin Archaeology Laboratory Office Hours: By appointment COURSE DESCRIPTION: Archaeology, like any other science, is no stranger to today’s world of half-truths and ‘alternative facts’. Fantastic claims have been made about everything in the field, from crystal skulls to entire civilizations. In this course, you will acquire the tools to form critical opinions about archaeological phenomena and become able to take apart shaky arguments based on incomplete, false or nonexistent evidence. At the same time, you will learn that science is never straightforward, neat, and simple. When it comes to many issues, legitimate controversies among scientists about what is known and what is knowable can turn into speculations about the past that go beyond any possibility of documentation. In fact, you will learn that sometimes these frontiers between the legitimate and the lunatic are the most dynamic and interesting of all. In this course we will also consider, thematically and periodically, the difference between legitimate controversy within scientific archaeology, what is termed a “Paradigm controversy”, and controversy pitting scientists against pseudoscientists and charlatans. As Ken Feder describes in the first two chapters of his book, Frauds, Myths and Mysteries, a controversy between legitimate scientists operates by clear and consistent rules of evidence, even if those scientists have very different interpretations of evidence. -
Routes4u Project Feasibility Study on the Roman Heritage Route in the Adriatic and Ionian Region
Routes4U Project Feasibility Study on the Roman Heritage Route in the Adriatic and Ionian Region Routes4U Feasibility Study on an Iron Age cultural route in the Danube Region Routes4U Project Routes4U Feasibility study on an Iron Age cultural route in the Danube Region ROUTES4U FEASIBILITY STUDY ON AN IRON AGE CULTURAL ROUTE IN THE DANUBE REGION August 2019 The present study has been developed in the framework of Routes4U, the Joint Programme between the Council of Europe and the European Commission (DG REGIO). Routes4U aims to foster regional development through the Cultural Routes of the Council of Europe programme in the four EU macro-regions: the Adriatic and Ionian, Alpine, Baltic Sea and Danube Regions. A special thank you goes to the author Martin Fera, and to the numerous partners and stakeholders who supported the study. The opinions expressed in this work are the responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Council of Europe. www.coe.int/routes4u 2 / 57 Routes4U Feasibility study on an Iron Age cultural route in the Danube Region CONTENTS Contents ................................................................................................................................................................... 3 I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... 5 II. ANALYSIS OF THE “STATE OF THE ART” OF IRON AGE HERITAGE IN THE DANUBE REGION............................................................................................................................... -
Diskussionen
MF Diskussionen 5000 Heuneburgians? A critical evaluation of the estimated population size of the exceptional early Iron Age settlement complex of the Heuneburg By Robert Schumann Introduction Whereas in later prehistoric Europe communities mostly lived in isolated farmsteads or small hamlets and population sizes rarely exceeded more than 30–40 inhabitants, based both on settle- ment and cemetery evidence, in some rare cases large-scale agglomerations appear. Among these are the well-known mega sites of the Trypillia Culture in the Ukraine with settlements of up to several 100 hectares in size, several thousand inhabitants and a structured settlement layout. They date roughly into the first half of the th4 millennium BCE (see Müller et al. 2016 for a recent overview). But population sizes or archaeological estimates of population sizes rarely reach four- digit numbers (Nikulka 2016, tab. 26). Another context in which such large scale agglomerations occur is the later early Iron Age of southern central Europe in the context of the late Hallstatt and early La Tène periods. Here, one could mention the princely seats and comparable sites, hilltop settlements partly accompanied by outer settlements and interpreted as centres of complexity and proto-urbanity, for example Bourges, Mont Lassois (see e. g. Milcent 2014 on these two sites) or the Heuneburg. In the last two decades estimates of population sizes for such sites have shot up to several thousand inhabitants and have led to far-reaching interpretations. In this paper, I will critically discuss the population estimates for one of the most prominent early Iron Age sites in southern Germany and beyond: the Heuneburg on the upper Danube. -
“Celtic” Oppida
“Celtic” Oppida John Collis (Respondent: Greg Woolf) I will start by stating that I do not believe the sites our discussion. So, what sorts of archaeological feat which I am defiling with qualify as “city-states”; ures might we expect for our “city” and “tribal” indeed, in the past I have drawn a contrast between the states? city-states of the Mediterranean littoral and the inland The area with which I am dealing lies mainly “tribal states” of central and northern Gaul. However, within central and northern France, Switzerland, and their inclusion within the ambit of this symposium is Germany west of the Rhine (Collis [1984a-b], [1995a- useful for two reasons. Firstly, if a class of “city-state” bl). This is the area conquered by Julius Caesar in is to be defined, it is necessary to define the character 58-51 B.C.. In his Commentaries he refers on istics with reference to what is, or is not, shared with numerous occasions to “oppida”, sites often of urban similar types of simple state or quasi-state formations. character, and apparently all with some form of Secondly, the written documentary sources are some defences. Some of the sites he mentions are readily what thin, or even non-existent, for these sites; there recognisable as predecessors to Roman and modern fore archaeology must produce much of the data for towns (Fig. 1) - Vesontio (Besançon), Lutetia (Paris), Fig. 1. Sites mentioned by Caesar in the De Bello Galileo. 230 John Collis Durocortorum (Reims), and Avaricum (Bourges) - large size with the Gallic and central European sites while others have been deserted, or failed to develop - (Ulaca is about 80ha). -
Is the Truth Down There?: Cultural Heritage Conflict and the Politics of Archaeological Authority
IS THE TRUTH DOWN THERE?: CULTURAL HERITAGE CONFLICT AND THE POLITICS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL AUTHORITY IAN BARBER PUBLIC HISTORY REVIEW, VOL 13, 2006, PP143-154 enerally it is acknowledged that conflict is axiomatic in any contemporary system of heritage (or cultural) resource management.1 Tunbridge and G Ashworth2 argue that dissonance (‘a discordance or a lack of agreement and consistency’) is ‘intrinsic’ to heritage, since ‘selection is inevitable’ and ‘any creation of heritage from the past disinherits someone [else] completely or partially, actively or potentially’. In this process there may be conflict between stakeholders who feel alienated from the physical reference points of their own past, and those decision-makers who would modify or appropriate that past. In overview, the selection pressures that are at the core of cultural heritage conflicts are complex and wide-ranging. Disagreement spans differences over the treatment and care of sites through to the targeted destruction of cultural property and associated customary communities.3 Affected communities may contest decisions that seem to dismiss their own heritage sites and associated narratives and practices. At the extreme end of the scale, these differences may lead to sectarian violence and the destruction of cultural property. Conflict can also occur between cultural heritage practitioners themselves over how, and even whether, to research the contested past.4 The appeal of the material archaeological record is often enhanced where the past is referenced in postcolonial or nationalist conflicts. In these disputes, archaeologists may be found as expert witnesses in legal proceedings (for example, Sutton’s article in this volume) or as public advocates for or against communities with customary or other cultural heritage associations.5 Newly discovered archaeological features and artifacts may be given considerable if tendentious weight or be subject to critical scrutiny and dismissal. -
Faculty Publications and Presentations 2010-11
UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS FAYETTEVILLE, ARKANSAS PUBLICATIONS & PRESENTATIONS JULY 1, 2010 – JUNE 30, 2011 Table of Contents Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences………………………………….. Page 3 School of Architecture…………………………………... Page 125 Fulbright College of Arts and Sciences…………………. Page 133 Walton College of Business……………………………... Page 253 College of Education and Health Professions…………… Page 270 College of Engineering…………………………………... Page 301 School of Law……………………………………………. Page 365 University Libraries……………………………………… Page 375 BUMPERS COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND LIFE SCIENCES Agricultural Economic and Agribusiness Alviola IV, P. A., and O. Capps, Jr. 2010 “Household Demand Analysis of Organic and Conventional Fluid Milk in the United States Based on the 2004 Nielsen Homescan Panel.” Agribusiness: an International Journal 26(3):369-388. Chang, Hung-Hao and Rodolfo M. Nayga Jr. 2010. “Childhood Obesity and Unhappiness: The Influence of Soft Drinks and Fast Food Consumption.” J Happiness Stud 11:261–275. DOI 10.1007/s10902-009-9139-4 Das, Biswa R., and Daniel V. Rainey. 2010. "Agritourism in the Arkansas Delta Byways: Assessing the Economic Impacts." International Journal of Tourism Research 12(3): 265-280. Dixon, Bruce L., Bruce L. Ahrendsen, Aiko O. Landerito, Sandra J. Hamm, and Diana M. Danforth. 2010. “Determinants of FSA Direct Loan Borrowers’ Financial Improvement and Loan Servicing Actions.” Journal of Agribusiness 28,2 (Fall):131-149. Drichoutis, Andreas C., Rodolfo M. Nayga Jr., Panagiotis Lazaridis. 2010. “Do Reference Values Matter? Some Notes and Extensions on ‘‘Income and Happiness Across Europe.” Journal of Economic Psychology 31:479–486. Flanders, Archie and Eric J. Wailes. 2010. “ECONOMICS AND MARKETING: Comparison of ACRE and DCP Programs with Simulation Analysis of Arkansas Delta Cotton and Rotation Crops.” The Journal of Cotton Science 14:26–33. -
Demystifying Discourse Analysis for Archaeology Students
Journal of Archaeology and Education Volume 2 Issue 3 Article 1 June 2018 Say What?: Demystifying Discourse Analysis for Archaeology Students Cynthia L. Van Gilder Saint Mary's College of California, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/jae Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Van Gilder, Cynthia L. 2018 Say What?: Demystifying Discourse Analysis for Archaeology Students. Journal of Archaeology and Education 2 Available at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/jae/vol2/iss3/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Archaeology and Education by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Van Gilder: Demystifying Discourse Analysis Most archaeology instructors are eager to have their students appreciate that the study of the past is relevant to the present. In fact, most current introductory textbooks include a section, however brief it may be, on the socio-politics of archaeology. These discussions are usually framed around how ideas about the past have been used to justify abuse (e.g., Nazi archaeology to support an Aryan homeland), or how the involvement of descendant communities in research is now considered best practice in the field (e.g., NAGPRA, community based archaeology). One of the most powerful tools for understanding how what we say about the past makes a difference in the present is discourse analysis. Ultimately, archaeologists communicate their findings via discourses: in reports, articles, books, museum exhibits, documentaries, podcasts, websites, and even occasionally fictional writings. -
The Artifact
Volume 7, Issue 1 September 2001 The Palace and Gardens of King more naturalistic character, like the Kasayapa at Sigiriya, Sri Lanka traditions of China and Japan. Of particular interest are the numerous garden pavilions During the late 5th century AD, Kasayapa, that stood along the central axis of the king of ancient Sri Lanka, commissioned his formal gardens, others that occupied special surveyors, architects, and gardeners to sites surrounded by moats, and the many design and construct a new luxurious seat small structures that perched on the for his government in a remote part of his numerous boulders in the upper gardens. island kingdom. The location was Sigiriya, The water gardens are the largest in the or ‘Lion Rock.’ world and will be traced through their many components: fountains, shallow reflection This site was briefly excavated by the pools, deeper bathing pools, and the cisterns British in the late 19th century as part of the and moats that were necessary to supply all Archaeological Survey of Ceylon and was these facilities. more recently excavated by the local department of antiquities in the 1950s. Dr. Robert L. Vann teaches in the School of Sigiriya is already famous in the history of Architecture at the University of Maryland. art as the location of one of the earliest His areas of specialty include the history of series of painted figures in South Asia. Greek and Roman architecture, ancient Kasayapa’s palace, located 600’ above the construction, and underwater archaeology. jungle canopy, is one of the earliest in Asia and the enormous figure of a lion, built against a sheer cliff on the north approach to the palace, coincides exactly with the accounts of ancient historians who described the path ascending to the summit as entering the mouth of the huge creature who gave the rock its name.