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Geothermal Resources in the Pacific Islands: Potential for Power Generation to Benefit Indigenous Communities
PROCEEDINGS, Thirty-Sixth Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering Stanford University, Stanford, California, January 31 - February 2, 2011 SGP-TR-191 GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES IN THE PACIFIC ISLANDS: THE POTENTIAL OF POWER GENERATION TO BENEFIT INDIGENOUS COMMUNITIES Alex J. McCoy-West1,2, Sarah Milicich1, Tony Robinson3, Greg Bignall1 and Colin C. Harvey1 1GNS Science, Wairakei Research Centre, Private Bag 2000, Taupo 3352, New Zealand [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2Research School of Earth Science, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia [email protected] 3Ministry of Research, Science and Technology, Wellington 6145, New Zealand [email protected] ABSTRACT resource utilisation, with a prioritisation list of Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, Samoa, Tonga and Northern The nations and territories of the southwest Pacific Mariana Islands selected for detailed investigation, depend greatly on imported fossil fuels for electricity with recommendations for future pre-feasibility generation, and have interest in utilising their geoscientific exploration, risk evaluation (i.e. for renewable energy resources (including their untapped resource capacity, hazard and financial modelling), geothermal resources) for cost effective power and assessment for small (including “off-grid”) plant production and direct-use applications. As part of the development. (Fiji, New Caledonia and Solomon international Energy Development in Island Nations Islands were identified as having high-moderate (EDIN) programme, the New Zealand Ministry of potential, but were not considered for further study). Research, Science and Technology commissioned GNS Science in 2009 to review the geothermal activity, socio-economic climate and energy demand INTRODUCTION profile of 20 selected Pacific Island nations and Geothermal energy is an under exploited resource territories, with our findings detailed in this paper. -
Can Insurance Play a Role? Volcano Risk in Vanuatu: Can Insurance Play a Role? 2 Figure 1: Maps of Ambae Disaster Response, Phases 2 and 3
MAY 2018 Mount Yasur Volcano on Tanna Island in Vanuatu Credit: Kate Humble/Red Vanuatu Volcano Risk in Vanuatu Can Insurance Play a Role? Overview of Volcanic Risk in Vanuatu Vanuatu has 83 islands, most of which are volcanic. There are total of 16 volcanoes in Vanuatu, of which six are active and ten are dormant. Since the 1600s, the major recorded eruptions resulted in substantial changes to Vanuatu’s land formation and migration. This includes fatalities and permanent resettlements either within the island or to other islands. The most recent volcanic eruptions on record since 1995 are: Manaro Voui on Ambae in 2017, 2005 and 1995; Yasur volcano on Tanna in 2016 and 1998, Benbow and Marum on Ambrym Island and Gaua in 2010 and 2009. (See Table 1) Table 1: Recent volcanic eruptions in Vanuatu (1995 – 2017) Name of Name of Alert No. of People Year Government Response / Fiscal Impact / International Aid Island Volcano Level Affected (Est.) 1995 Ambae Manaro Voui 2 French aid for scientific assesment worth US$19,000 (VT 2,000,000) n/a Ban is placed on accessing areas surrounding the volcano; communities are evacuated 1998 Tanna Yasur 3 7,000 and is funding by the government and development partners 2001 Lopevi Lopevi 3 Government provides funds for scientific assessment - US$4,703 (VT 500,000) 200 Government funds scientific assessment and expenses to distribute humanitarian 2003 Lopevi Lopevi 3 500 relief - US$47,000 (VT 5,000,000) Government funds scientific assessment and humanitarian relief for 5,000 people - 2005 Ambae Manaro Voui 3 -
Observations of Collared Petrels (Pterodroma Brevipes) on Vanua Lava, Vanuatu, and a Review of the Species’ Breeding Distribution
39 Notornis, 2012, Vol. 59: 39-48 0029-4470 © The Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Inc. Observations of collared petrels (Pterodroma brevipes) on Vanua Lava, Vanuatu, and a review of the species’ breeding distribution ALAN J.D. TENNYSON* COLIN M. MISKELLY Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, PO Box 467, Wellington 6140, New Zealand STEPHEN L. TOTTERMAN 179 Reedy Creek Rd., Empire Vale, NSW, 2478, Australia Abstract We report a polymorphic population of collared petrels (Pterodroma brevipes) apparently breeding on Vanua Lava, northern Vanuatu, in the austral autumn-winter. This is one of only 5 known extant colonies of the species. One of the 2 birds captured by us matched the description of the recently described dark plumaged Pt. b. magnificens which had never been reported caught ashore previously. However, the other bird caught was a paler individual indicating that the taxon is variable in plumage colour, like other Pt. brevipes populations. We suggest that the 2 other criteria used to define the subspecies Pt. b. magnificens (body size and breeding chronology) are also questionable and require further investigation. Tennyson, A.J.D.; Miskelly, C.M.; Totterman, S.L. 2012. Observations of collared petrels Pterodroma( brevipes) on Vanua Lava, Vanuatu, and a review of the species’ breeding distribution. Notornis 59 (1&2): 39-48 Keywords Collared petrel; Pterodroma brevipes magnificens; Vanuatu; conservation; plumage colour INTRODUCTION Vanua Levu, although there seems to be no firm Known breeding distribution evidence of this (Watling 1986, 2001). Breeding is Collared petrels (Pterodroma brevipes (Peale, 1848)) suspected on Taveuni, Koro, Moala, Totoya and are a poorly known species with breeding reported Matuku (e.g., Watling 2001; BirdLife International from only a few widespread sites. -
TORBA Provincial Disaster & Climate Response Plan
PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT COUNCIL PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT OFFICE NATIONAL TORBA ADVISORY BOARD Provincial Disaster & Climate ON CC & DRR Response Plan 2016 Province of TORBA – 2016 PLAN AUTHORIZATION This Plan has been prepared by TORBA Provincial Government Councils in pursuance of Section 11(1) of the National Disaster Act of 2000 and the National Climate Change & Disaster Risk Reduction Policy. ENDORSED BY: _______________________ Date: / / 2016 Mr. Judas Silas Chairperson Provincial Disaster & Climate Change Committee This Plan is approved in accordance with Section 11(2) of the National Disaster Act 2000 and is in-line with the National Climate Change & Disaster Risk Reduction Policy 2015-2030. APPROVED BY: ___________________ Date: / / 2016 Mr. Shadrack Welegtabit Director National Disaster Management Office Ministry Of Climate Change and Disasters ___________________ Date: / / 2016 Mr. David Gibson Director VMGD Office Ministry Of Climate Change and Disasters ___________________ Date: / / 2016 Ms Anna Bule Secretariat National Advisory Board on Climate Change & Disaster Risk Reduction ___________________ Date: / / 2016 Ms Ketty Napwatt Secretary General TORBA Provincial Government i | Province of TORBA – 2016 PREFACE Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Provincial level is a dynamic process. In order to adequately respond to disasters, there must be a comprehensive and coordinated approach between national, provincial and community levels. This plan has been developed to provide guidelines on how to manage different risks in the province, taking into account the effects of the climate change that increase the strength of the hazard and potential impacts of future disasters. This Provincial Disaster & Climate Response Plan provides directive to all agencies on the conduct of Disaster Preparedness and Emergency operations. -
Erromango Moet, NDMO, UNICEF, WVI CARE, WVI SAM, UNFPA
Erromango MoET, NDMO, UNICEF, WVI CARE, WVI SAM, UNFPA CARE, SAM KYS Aniwa NDMO, UNICEF CARE CARE CARE, KYS, ProMed Tanna ABM, MoET, SAM, UNICEF, VRC, WVI Futuna VRC, ACT, CARE, NDMO, UNICEF Oxfam, SAM, CARE TearFund, SAL, WVI AC & NYC Medics, MoH FMMT, HUMA, MoH, CARE Rescue Net, SAM, UNFPA, WHO, WVI KYS VWC CARE, Caritas, SAM, SAL, VRC, WVI Aneityum ADRA, ADF, BT, NDMO, SAL, UNICEF CARE, IMC, KYS, L&L, CARE, NDMO, SAM, Oxfam, ProMed, SAM, SAL SC, SAL, VRC, WVI MoH CARE, SAM Legend KYS, SAM, SC, SAL, VRC Education Food Security & Agriculture Protection Shelter WASH Lamen KYS Epi MoET, NZAID, NZDF Tongoa Oxfam, SC, WFP NZDF, UNICEF MoH, SC ACT, Is raAID, SC, SC WFP SC AC & NYC Medics, MoH, SC, UNFPA DGMWR, KYS, SC SC SC, VRC DGMWR, IsraAID, VRC Buninga Emae UNICEF UNICEF NDMO, SC SC, WFP AME, MoH, DGMWR, AC & NYC Medics, KYS, SC, VRC, WB Dragonfly, MoH, NZMAT DGMWR, KYS, SC, SC VRC, WB DGMWR, IsraAID, SC, Tongariki VRC, WB UNICEF, WVI NDMO, SC AC & NYC Medics, MoH SC VRC Makira DGMWR, KYS, VRC, UNICEF WB Legend NDMO, SC Education Mataso AC & NYC Medics, MoH Food Security & Agriculture NZDF, UNICEF VRC Protection NDMO KYS, VRC, WB VRC Shelter DGMWR, KYS, VRC, WASH WB Nguna UNICEF NDMO, SC VRC KYS, ProMed, SC, Pele VRC UNICEF NDMO, SC Moso VRC KYS, ProMed, VRC UNICEF Emau NDMO, SC UNICEF VRC, WVI NDMO, SC KYS, SC, VRC VRC IsraAID, KYS, SC, VRC Lelepa NDMO, SC VRC Efate KYS CI, L&L, MoET, SAM, SC, SAL, UNICEF, VESP, WVI GIZ, NDMO, Oxfam, SC, WFP, WVI AUSMAT, HS Ltd, HUMA, MoH, MoH, ProMed, SC, UNFPA, WHO Port Villa VWC SAL, UNICEF, VRC, -
C. Household Living (Dwelling) Conditions
C. HOUSEHOLD LIVING (DWELLING) CONDITIONS 53 Living conditions vary considerably across Vanuatu, based in part on access to infrastructure and utilities. Those living outside urban areas and towns tend to go without electricity and often lack piped water and sewage systems. On most islands, almost all households mainly rely on wood or coconut shell for cooking – even in Port Vila almost half of households still cook using these sources. In the more urbanized parts of the country, houses have concrete or wood floors. Many households in Vanuatu live in basic conditions. For instance, even though traditional materials appear to be widely used for housing across the country, only 17% of households report living in dwellings with walls made of makeshift or improvised materials. A generally low access to electricity in Vanuatu is an area of concern. At the national level, only 38% of households report having electricity (from main grid, solar, or own generator) as a main source of lighting. Outside of the key urban areas (Port Vila and Luganville), less than 20% of households have access to the main grid, and even that number may be driven by those households that live close to provincial centers. In fact, in most ACs, less than 2% of the population has access to the main grid. Solar power has become an important source of electricity, especially in more remote locations. In some ACs, up to 50% of households report reliance on solar power as the main source of lighting. The national average for this source is 6.3% (as of 2009). Only about 2% of the population relies on small petrol generators, which could be a reflection of high costs of fuel. -
IHO Report on Hydrography and Nautical Charting in the Republic
IIHHOO CCaappaacciittyy BBuuiillddiinngg PPrrooggrraammmmee IIHHOO RReeppoorrtt oonn HHyyddrrooggrraapphhyy aanndd NNaauuttiiccaall CChhaarrttiinngg iinn TThhee RReeppuubblliicc ooff VVaannuuaattuu December 2011 (publliished 4 Apriill 2012) This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted in accordance with the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (1886), and except in the circumstances described below, no part may be translated, reproduced by any process, adapted, communicated or commercially exploited without prior written permission from the International Hydrographic Bureau (IHB). Copyright in some of the material in this publication may be owned by another party and permission for the translation and/or reproduction of that material must be obtained from the owner. This document or partial material from this document may be translated, reproduced or distributed for general information, on no more than a cost recovery basis. Copies may not be sold or distributed for profit or gain without prior written agreement of the IHB and any other copyright holders. In the event that this document or partial material from this document is reproduced, translated or distributed under the terms described above, the following statements are to be included: “Material from IHO publication [reference to extract: Title, Edition] is reproduced with the permission of the International Hydrographic Bureau (IHB) (Permission No ……./…) acting for the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), which does not accept responsibility for the correctness of the material as reproduced: in case of doubt, the IHO’s authentic text shall prevail. The incorporation of material sourced from IHO shall not be construed as constituting an endorsement by IHO of this product.” “This [document/publication] is a translation of IHO [document/publication] [name]. -
Situation Report Response Name Tropical Cyclone Donna
Situation Report Response Name Tropical Cyclone Donna Situation Report 05 Time & Date 18:30 10th May 2017 Reporting period 08/05/2017 – 10/05/2017 Provinces affected Torba, Sanma, Malampa Attachment(s) Situation overview infographic; Torres Islands reference map; NEOC Status Operational Situation Overview Tropical Cyclone Donna has passed out of the Vanuatu region and the National Disaster Management Office (NDMO) gave the all clear on the 9th of May. TC Donna moved in a westerly direction passing north of the Vanuatu group within 50-100km the Torres islands in Torba Province as a category 3 cyclone. It continued west, before turning south, gathering strength to become a category 5 and passed to the west of Sanma, Malmpa and Shefa. TC Donna passed about 200km to the west of the islands of Vanuatu. Preliminary Impact The Torres Island group in Torba Province remains the most affected area, with other areas in Torba less affected. Ongoing assessment of inaccessible areas of Samna and Malampa are ongoing and a full picture will not be known until that is complete. Information available so far is showing modest impacts in other areas. During TC Donna approximately 60 evacuation centres were activated across Vanuatu, sheltering around 2,700 people. These evacuation facilities include schools, churches, caves, private houses, community buildings and other public buildings which were identified pre-disaster. Almost all evacuees have returned to their homes, however, a small number of evacuation centres remain open in Torres and Shefa. Torba Province Preliminary assessments are showing significant damage on the Torres Islands to crops, shelter, water supply, telecommunications and schools. -
The Mosquitoes of the Banks and Torres Island Groups of the South Pacific (Diptera: Culicidae)
Vol. 17, no. 4: 511-522 28 October 1977 THE MOSQUITOES OF THE BANKS AND TORRES ISLAND GROUPS OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) By Mario Maffi1 and Brian Taylor2 Abstract: In August 1971 a total of 1003 specimens of Culicidae were collected from 2 little known island groups ofthe New Hebrides, the Banks and the Torres, 637 (39 $$, 12 S$, 148 P, 13 p, 419 L, 6 1) and 366 (46 $$, 3 $<$, 73 P, 13 p, 231 L), respectively. Of 9 species of Culicidae previously recorded, 6 are confirmed. 3 species are added: Culex (Cux.) banksensis, Culex {Cux,) sitiens, Culex (Eum.) Jemineus. The distribution (considerably wider than previously recorded) and the bionomics of the species are presented. Located at the northern end of the territory of the New Hebrides Condominium, and administratively part of it, 2 island groups, the Banks and the Torres, rise from the New- Hebrides submarine ridge and are dispersed over a wide area of the Southwest Pacific: 13°04' to 14°28' S, and 166°30' to 168°04' E. The Banks, the southern ofthe 2 groups, are more scattered and consist of 2 major islands (Gaua, Vanua Lava) and 6 minor islands (Merelava, Merig, Mo ta, Motalava, Parapara, Ro wa) with a total land area of approx imately 750 km2. The Torres group is more compact and consists of 5 small islands (Toga, Loh, Tegua, Metoma, Hiu) with less than 100km2 ofland area. There are a few off-shore islets. Except for the reef island of Rowa, the islands are of volcanic origin; however, on some of the smaller islands, particularly in the Torres, there are terraces of coral limestone. -
The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity Alexandre François, Sébastien Lacrampe, Michael Franjieh, Stefan Schnell
The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity Alexandre François, Sébastien Lacrampe, Michael Franjieh, Stefan Schnell To cite this version: Alexandre François, Sébastien Lacrampe, Michael Franjieh, Stefan Schnell. The Languages of Vanu- atu: Unity and Diversity. Alexandre François; Sébastien Lacrampe; Michael Franjieh; Stefan Schnell. France. 5, Asia Pacific Linguistics Open Access, 2015, Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia, 9781922185235. halshs-01186004 HAL Id: halshs-01186004 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01186004 Submitted on 23 Aug 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License THE LANGUAGES OF VANUATU UNITY AND DIVERSITY Edited by Alexandre François Sébastien Lacrampe Michael Franjieh Stefan Schnell uages o ang f Is L la e nd h t M in e l a Asia-Pacific Linguistics s e n i e ng ge of I d a u a s l L s and the M ni e l a s e s n i e d i u s t a S ~ ~ A s es ia- c P A c u acfi n i i c O pe L n s i g ius itc a -
CBD Strategy and Action Plan
VANUA TUNA TIONAL BIODIVERSlTY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN PROJECT NATIONAL BIODIVERSlTY CONSERVATION STRATEGY November 1999 Environment Unit, PMB 063, Port Vila Phone: 25302 Fax: 23565 Emaif: [email protected] I Table of contents I Foreword........................................................................................................................................................ 3 Acknowledgment ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Abbreviations .................................................................................................................................................. 5 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 7 BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................. 7 2 BIODIVERSITY IN VANUATU ..................................................................................................................... 9 TERRESTRIAL BIODIVERSITY ............................................................................................................................... 9 FRESHWATER BIODIVERSITY .................................. _............................................................................................. 9 COASTAL AND MARINE BIODIVERSiTY .............................................................................................................. -
Notes on the Uses of Metroxylon in Vanuatu
PALMS Dupuyoo: Metroxylon in Vanuatu Vol. 51(1) 2007 Notes on the JEAN-MICHEL DUPUYOO Jardin d’Oiseaux Tropicaux Uses of Conservatoire Biologique Tropical, 83250 La Londe-les-Maures, Metroxylon in France Vanuatu [email protected] 1. As members of Metroxylon section Coelococcus, both M. warburgii and M. salomonense flower only once and die after the fruit crop is mature (Anatom island). Sago palms of the genus Metroxylon play an important role in the daily life of the inhabitants of these islands. Their primary use is in the making of roofing material for traditional dwellings from the huge leaflets as. The secondary use as a foodstuff is becoming increasingly rare. PALMS 51(1): 31–38 31 PALMS Dupuyoo: Metroxylon in Vanuatu Vol. 51(1) 2007 Vanuatu is an archipelago composed of more 60–80 cm at chest height (Fig. 3). The leaves than 80 islands, stretching over 850 kilometers can be more than 6 meters long with leaflets on a southeast to northwest line. Situated in 100–190 cm long and 14–19 cm wide. The the southwestern Pacific Ocean, Vanuatu is a petioles have long and flexible spines (Fig. 4). neighbor of the Solomon Islands to the northwest, New Caledonia to the southwest Varieties of Natangura Palms and Fiji to the east. Its total surface area is Metroxylon warburgii is known as Natangura 12,189 km2, and the eight biggest islands throughout the archipelago. This palm is represent 87% of that surface (Weightman highly polymorphic and inhabitants 1989). differentiate and name several varieties. The The Genus Metroxylon in Vanuatu variety Ato, indigenous to the south of Espiritu Santo, is often taller than 15 meters (Fig.