Annual report 2011 Facts and figures of 2011

3 Awards or grants 112 refereed articles 157 employees

9 press releases

Funding: € 30.446.230 Expenditure: € 30.482.073 Balance: € -35.843

Contents

Director’s report 3 ASTRON in brief 5 Performance indicators 9 Astronomy Group 13 Radio Observatory 21 R&D Laboratory 27 Connected legal entities 33 NOVA Optical/ Infrared Instrumentation Group 35 JIVE 39 Outreach and Education 43 Appendix 1: Financial summary 53 Appendix 2: Personnel highlights 54 Appendix 3: Board, Committees and Staff 56 Appendix 4: Publications 58 Appendix 5: Earning capacity 76 Appendix 6: Abbreviations 78 Cover photo: impression of the dense aperture arrays for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). Credits: Swinburne Astronomy Productions.

2 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Report 2011 was another great year for ASTRON. The highlight was undoubtedly the evaluation of the institute by a panel of international experts, chaired by Prof. Catherine Cesarsky. The panel judged ASTRON to be excellent in all possible categories - at the overall institute level and in each of our departments - Astronomy Group, Radio Observatory and Research &Development. Director’s

In this year, the output in astronomy continued its enviable track-record in doubling research continued to grow - not only in the base budget received from NWO through terms of publications and impact, but also competitive grants and contracts - maintaining in connecting ASTRON to the outside world, this approach will be key to ASTRON’s future and in particular NOVA and the university success, especially in the coming years. Outwith groups in the Netherlands. LOFAR began ASTRON, the SKA project made progress with to produce its first scientific results and leaps and bounds. The SKA Organisation was preparations for the APERTIF upgrade to established as a company under UK law with the WSRT began to ramp up. With LOFAR, the Netherlands, UK, Italy, China, Canada, South APERTIF and EMBRACE, ASTRON clearly Africa, Australia and New Zealand all signing up. demonstrated the application and relevance In addition, the SKA Site Advisory Committee of aperture array technology for radio started its work with the expectation of astronomy - in the words of the chair of our reporting in early next year. 2012 already looks evaluation panel: ‘ASTRON is re-inventing to be as exciting a year as this one! radio astronomy’. That statement has become something of a motto for the institute, and Prof. Mike Garrett its is one that we maintain via the synergy we General Director enjoy between our fundamental science, our operations of world-class facilities and our strong technical R&D programme. Through this combination, ASTRON aims to also make a significant contribution to the governments Topsector Roadmaps for High Tech Systems & Materials and ICT. ASTRON has implemented this strategy within tight financial boundary conditions - in particular, the institute has

3 ASTRON Annual report 2011 ASTRON in brief

4 ASTRON Annual report 2011 ASTRON is the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy. Its main mission is to make discoveries in radio astronomy happen, via the development of new and innovative technologies, the operation of world-class radio astronomy facilities (the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope and the LOFAR telescope), and the pursuit of fundamental astronomical research. Engineers and astronomers at ASTRON have an outstanding international reputation for novel technology development, and fundamental research in galactic and extra-galactic astronomy. ASTRON hosts the Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE) and the Optical/Infrared instrumentation group of NOVA, the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy. The superterp which houses six LOFAR stations. Credits: Top-Foto, Assen. ASTRON is an institute of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, infrastructure that was needed to build NWO. this new radio telescope can also be radio ‘camera’ in the focal point of used by other applications. The common twelve of the dishes. This will increase Organisation & Governance theme throughout is the collection, the field of view of all the antennas by ASTRON is a Foundation under Dutch transport and real-time processing of a factor of almost forty. Astronomers Law with an oversight Board. Executive enormous quantities of data from sensors can thus quickly survey large parts of the authority is vested in the directorate distributed over a large area. sky, leading to a dramatic increase of consisting of Prof. dr. Michael Garrett, the discovery space. With APERTIF, the Scientific Director and Director General, LOFAR will address some of the WSRT will be once more brought to the and dr. Marco de Vos, Managing Director most important questions in modern forefront of radio-astronomical facilities. and Deputy DG. They report to both astronomy and astrophysics. The key the ASTRON Board and the Director of science projects are: Astronomy Group NWO. NWO is also the formal employer • The Epoch of Reionization The Astronomy Group is engaged in of ASTRON staff. • Deep tragalactic survey many frontline research areas. Hydrogen • Transient sources and pulsars is studied both nearby and in the most The ASTRON Director General is advised • Ultra high energy cosmic rays distant parts of the Universe. The by an international Science Advisory • Solar science and space weather Transient Universe is characterized at Committee (SAC) on all aspects of the • Cosmic magnetism the shortest possible time-scales. The institute’s programme. A telescope Magnetic Universe is studied from Programme Committee sets priorities for The Westerbork Synthesis Radio galaxies to clusters.  allocating observing time on ASTRON’s Telescope telescopes. ASTRON operates the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT). The WSRT has The ASTRON Management Team consist been built in 1969-1970 and had a major of the directorate and department heads. upgrade in 1990-2003. The WSRT is one of the most sensitive radio telescopes in the The International LOFAR Telescope world and offers astronomers the chance ASTRON designed and built the LOFAR to study a wide variety of astrophysics telescope. LOFAR, the Low Frequency problems. The telescope consists of Array, operates at the lowest frequencies fourteen parabolic (dish) antennas of that can be observed from Earth. With 25-metre in diameter. LOFAR astronomers can look back billions of years to a time before the In the APERTIF project, advanced first stars and galaxies were formed, receiver technology is developed for The Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope. the so-called ‘Dark Ages’. Much of the the WSRT, creating a two-dimensional

5 ASTRON Annual report 2011 The group is involved in the commissioning of LOFAR and in all LOFAR key science projects, as well as in the development of other new instruments like the pulsar machine PuMa-II and the APERTIF system mentioned above.

Research & Development laboratories The ASTRON Research & Development (R&D) laboratories focus on innovative instruments for existing telescopes, such as the Westerbork telescope and LOFAR, as well as on developing technologies for future observing facilities, such as the Square Kilometre Array. The technical laboratory has several unique facilities at its disposal, such as an anechoic chamber, a clean room facility, and an outdoor antenna test location. These serve both research, development of astronomical Array of small antennas in the EMBRACE demonstrator to replace moving dishes. instruments and other product development. Technology Transfer From the perspective of the Top sectors Target areas in R&D for the Square ASTRON implements its mission in such in the Netherlands a project such as the Kilometre Array are Smart Antennas a way that the benefit for industry and Square Kilometre Array (SKA) is primarily (Aperture Arrays and Phased Array Feeds) society is maximised. Partnerships in large an international technology programme and Science Data Processing (Calibration development projects are a key aspect of based on a challenging case: a global and Data Intensive Computing). ASTRON’s Technology Transfer strategy. consortium to build the world’s largest ASTRON is a top international research and most sensitive radio telescope. The R&D department is organized along institute and as such offers its partners Such a ‘Big Science PPP’ (Public-Private the main disciplines: antennas, low noise access to knowledge, expertise and Partnership) offers unique possibilities systems, digital and embedded signal networks. for technology development and human processing, computing, mechanics and capital development. system design and integration.

The ASTRON organisation in 2011

General Affairs Astronomy Group Marco de Vos Raffaella Morganti

Scientific director / Director general Michael Garrett Finance, Planning & Control Radio Observatory Janneke Wubs Rene Vermeulen Managing director / Deputy director general Marco de Vos

Personnel Research & Development Diana Verweij Management team Albert-Jan Boonstra Raffaella Morganti Rene Vermeulen Albert-Jan Boonstra Staff NOVA Michiel van Haarlem Ramon Navarro Arnold van Ardenne Management Assistant Truus van den Brink Diana van Dijk

The ASTRON organisation in 2011.

6 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Some of the first LOFAR science results, presented at the LOFAR Early science workshop on 14 and 15 September 2011.

Performance indicators

7 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Publications The chart shows the number of publications, refereed journals and other output in 2011.

Legend:

Refereed articles: Articles published in scientific journals that use an anonymous peer review system, which is separate from the editors. Other research output; 198; 48%

Refereed articles; 112; 27% Conference proceedings: Publications in journals that are not refereed, but which Conference proceedings; 72; 17% are considered important by the field. Professional publications ; 14; 3%

Other research output: abstracts, Contracts ; 9; 2% editorships, inaugural lectures, designs Theses; 5; 1% and prototypes (e.g. engineering) and media appearances. Chapters in books; 2; 1% Publications for a wide Professional publications: publications audience ; 4; 1% intended for professionals in the public and private sectors (i.e. professional publications) including annotations (i.e. legal).

Contracts: number of contracts in which intellectual property rights are Other research output; 198; 48% transferred or where a license is granted to these rights. Refereed articles; 112; 27% Conference proceedings; 72; 17% Theses: publications in which the Professional publications ; 14; 3% doctorate was obtained. Contracts ; 9; 2%

Chapters in books: contributions to Theses; 5; 1% scientific books aimed at an audience of Chapters in books; 2; 1% scientists and researchers. Publications for a wide The Low Band Antenna’s of the LOFAR audience ; 4; 1% telescope. Credits Hans Hordijk. Publications for a wide audience: popular publications on results of scientific research. Observing time The LOFAR Telescope The Westerbork Synthesis Radio Most of the LOFAR time in 2011 Telescope (WSRT) spent a very was spent on coordinated system satisfactory 6166 hours (70% of the development tests and general year) observing on net ‘science time’, commissioning, of which no sub-divided excluding all overheads. Only 36 hours records were kept. However, there were needed to be repeated because of 2661 hours in total on 28 early- science failures. An additional 1660 telescope projects, up significantly from 1876 hours were spent on general calibration, hours in 2010. Most of these served the tuning, regular maintenance, and dual purpose of generating first science limited software development work; the results while commissioning specific remaining 987 hours were unallocated operations modes and pipelines. In the due to inevitable gaps related to last couple of months, 424 hours were scheduling mostly 12-hour full synthesis spent on the initial phases of MSSS, the observations on this east-west array. Of Multifrequency Snapshot Sky Survey, that the science time, 1002 hours were for will continue into 2012.  The Westerbork telescope as seen from participation in (e)EVN and Global VLBI the sky. projects (759 disk-recorded, 243 e-VLBI).

8 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Time allocation on the Westerbork telescoop and LOFAR The Westerbork telescope followed the customary semi-annual observing proposal cycle. As illustrated in the first two diagrams, the WSRT continued to see a steady flow of around 30 proposals per semester. However, the total observing time requested by these proposals was up around 8000 hours per semester, or an oversubscription factor of 3-4, whereas this used to be closer to a factor 2 in previous years. This is attributable almost entirely to the desire to carry out large surveys in both the 21cm band and also in the 92cm band, before the planned replacement of the current generation of multi-frequency frontend receivers by Apertif (which will not operate at 92cm, and offer an extended 21cm band with vastly superior at large-area survey capability but at the expense of some instantaneous pointed sensitivity). The added emphasis on 92cm projects, that will lead to a ‘WSRT legacy’ of data in the archive, can be seen in the third diagram.

LOFAR early access proposals, submitted in 2010, continued to serve as the basis for the early-science observing programme in 2011. The Technical Advisory Group (TAG) and the LOFAR Commissioning Coordination Group (LCCG), which also met regularly with the PIs of the LOFAR Key Science Projects, carefully monitored the commissioning needs, and the specifications of the observations to be conducted at any stage. A new proposal cycle, for full production capability, is expected for 2012. 

9 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Public Relations activities Education Number of school visits ASTRON appeared in print (newspapers Number of PostDocs in 2011:19. In 2010, ASTRON started a structural and magazines, among which Science Number of PhD students in 2011: 3. activity to stimulate visits of schools and Nature) and online articles 123 times, as part of our outreach program. The ten times in TV and radio interviews ASTRON/ JIVE Daily Image table shows the success of this activity and issued nine press releases in 2011. In 2011, the ASTRON/JIVE Daily Image, in the period from November 2010 until A comparison is made with 2010, when which shows a different ASTRON-related December 2011. the International LOFAR Telescope image each day, counted 45,779 visits was opened by Queen Beatrix of the of which 11,315 are unique. The total Netherlands, which generated a lot of number of page views is 313,994. The media action. visitors came from 94 countries. Most visits are from the Netherlands, the UK, The year 2011 was dominated by the US, Germany, Canada, France, South evaluation of the institute by a high-level Africa and Australia. The map below panel headed-up by Prof. C. Cesarsky. shows the division of people all over the ASTRON was awarded top marks – a 5 world visiting the daily image. Compared or excellent – and defined as ‘research to 2010, visits have increased by about 10%. that is internationally leading’. This in combination with the first amazing science results from the LOFAR telescope, and many other things, resulted in many media appearances, as can be seen above.

Some of the first LOFAR science results, presented at the LOFAR Early Science workshop on 14 and 15 September 2011.

10 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Astronomy Group

11 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Science demonstrate the exciting potential of the collaboration and, in particular, they are The astronomy group published 95 telescope. The paper outlines the case for taking care of the HI data. The paper refereed papers in 2011, setting a record low frequency pulsar observations and describing the sample can be found in high for the third year in a row. These is intended to serve as a reference for Cappellari et al. (2011). A total of 11 studies were accepted for high-impact upcoming pulsar/fast transient science papers came out of the survey in 2011! journals: 1 in Nature (impact factor 36.1), papers with LOFAR. (Paper: Stappers et 2 in Science (31.3), 22 in ApJ/ApJL (6.1), al. 2011, A&A 530, 80). As a result of the Atlas 3D study, the 29 in MNRAS (4.9) and 18 in A&A (4.4). picture people have of early-type The highlights of the research are: Multiwavelengths study of a new galaxies will change sample of early-type galaxies It turns out that, if you really look well, Observing pulsars and fast Early-type galaxies are generally early-type galaxies are a highly varied transients with LOFAR perceived to be quite boring. At first family of objects; suggesting that their A large team, including fifteen glance, nothing is really happening, they origin and evolution is much more astronomers from ASTRON, published the do not show any interesting structure complex than initially thought. One of first refereed LOFAR paper ‘Observing or features and they all sort of look the the main contributions of the WSRT data pulsars and fast transients with LOFAR’. same. Nevertheless, a large international is that, unexpectedly, many galaxies show Led by the LOFAR pulsar working group, team, also involving ASTRON very interesting gas structures (about of which Hessels, Kondratiev and van astronomers, is performing a detailed 50% are detected in HI) that indicate a Leeuwen are part, the paper discusses study of a large sample (called the still active assembly. Many of the early- the motivation for low-frequency ATLAS3D sample) of galaxies of this type. type galaxies studied appear to be in the pulsar observations in general and the The team has collected not only optical process of acquiring gas from outside potential of LOFAR in addressing these integral-field data (using the SAURON and to form regular (disk) structures. The science goals. LOFAR is presented as it is instrument at the WHT), but also deep results of this HI survey are described in designed to perform high-time-resolution optical images (MegaCam at the CFH Serra et al. 2012. observations of pulsars and other fast telescope), CO data (IRAM 30m followed transients, and the various relevant by PdBI and CARMA) and, last but not That paper finds that early-type galaxies observing modes and data reduction least, HI (using the WSRT, of course!). in poor ‘local’ environments typically pipelines that are already or will soon The team involves people from Oxford host giant HI discs with radii of up to be implemented to facilitate these University, ESO, Saclay, UC, Berkeley, many tens of kpc. These systems are very observations are outlined. A number of Lyon, Hertfordshire, Gemini, MPIA and regular, indicating that the host galaxy results obtained from commissioning Toronto. Paolo Serra, Tom Oosterloo and has enjoyed a quiet life for a very long observations are presented to Raffaella Morganti are members of this time. 

Simultaneous LOFAR imaging and tied-array observation of PSR B0329+54.

12 ASTRON Annual report 2011 The situation is very different in richer the very centre of clusters, hardly any HI Star-forming and dust properties of environments like galaxy groups and is found. Galaxies live close to each other sub-mm galaxies at the outskirts of galaxy clusters. Here and are immersed in a hot medium, The lensing group at ASTRON has the HI typically exhibits a very disturbed which makes it very easy for them to lose continued to study high redshift sub-mm morphology. In many cases long HI their HI and very hard to re-accrete some. galaxies at radio and far infra-red (FIR) tails stretch from the host galaxy into All this demonstrates that the evolution wavelengths. The bright sub-mm galaxy the surrounding space, demonstrating of early-type galaxies is far from finished MM 18423+5938 at redshift 3.9296 was that some gas may have recently been and that environment plays a key role observed at 1.4 GHz with the WSRT. The removed from (or accreted onto) the driving it. galaxy was detected at the 11-sigma galaxy. Early-type galaxies in these level, and the radio emission was used environments are evolving because of the to determine a radio-derived total IR interaction with what is around them. luminosity via the well-established radio- At even denser environment densities, in FIR correlation. 

The 1.4 GHz radio emission and spectral energy distribution of the sub-mm galaxy MM 18423+5938.

13 ASTRON Annual report 2011 The radio-derived total IR luminosity and PKS 1814-637: a powerful radio AGN Thus, PKS 1814-637 may represent a +4.1 star formation rate are L8-1000 μm = 5.6 -2.4 in a disk kind of ‘imposter’: an intrinsically low 13 -1 +7.4 3 -1 × 10 μ Lsol and SFR = 9.4 -4.9 × 10 μ Raffaella Morganti and collaborators power object that is selected in the -1 Msol yr , respectively, which are ~9 times (including Tom Oosterloo) have studied a sample because of the unusually efficient smaller than those previously reported rare case of a powerful radio source, PKS conversion of jet power into radio for this system, based on an incomplete 1814-637, hosted by a disk galaxy. Optical emission. This would make PKS 1814-637 spectral energy distribution. Using the images have been used to model the an extreme example of the effects of radio-derived total IR luminosity and the host galaxy morphology confirming it to ISM in galaxies originated by a gas-rich photometric data that are available for be dominated by a strong (and warped) major merger and perhaps a missing link this system, the cold dust component disk component. At radio wavelengths, between radio galaxies and radio-loud was found to have a temperature of Td ~ PKS 1814-637 is about 400 pc in size Seyfert galaxies. Objects like PKS 1814- +7 24 -5 K. For typical lensing magnifications and it is classified as a compact steep 637 would, therefore, more easily enter (10–50), the de-lensed properties of this spectrum (CSS) source; such sources are flux limited samples of radio sources and galaxy are similar to the z ~ 2 galaxies usually considered to be young radio this could explain the relatively large discovered by SCUBA. The details of this sources observed in the early stages of number of CSS sources in those samples. work were reported by McKean et al. their evolution. Optical, near and mid-IR The rarity of strong radio sources hosted (2011, MNRAS, 414, L11) and are part of and the Australian VLBI network (LBA) HI by disk galaxies suggests that these a pilot study that aims to demonstrate observations show that the radio source objects may be characterised by a short what can be achieved with the large is located in a rich ISM. The properties of lifetime, likely due to the disruption of continuum surveys to be carried out with the ISM are similar to what is found in the collimated jet in the interaction and/ APERTIF. Seyfert galaxies. The interaction between or by instabilities in the accretion disk. the radio plasma and the ISM may (Paper: Morganti et al. 2011, A&A 535, actually have boosted the radio emission. 97). 

Optical image obtained from the Gemini South (left) and 2.3 GHz VLBI image (right, Tzioumis et al. 2002) of PKS 1814-637.

14 ASTRON Annual report 2011 First detection of water line Alba et al., 2011, ApJ, 741L, 38V). using most or all subbands, sub-mJy emission at z=3.9 in a lensed QSO Spectra of the four water lines detected noise levels were achieved. The images Water is expected to be one of the most in APM08279 (left), and a comparison have a resolution of about 8” at an abundant molecules in molecular clouds between the observed and modeled average frequency of about 140 MHz. in galaxies, and to play an important water line fluxes (right). In the 3C196 field we achieved a formal role in the hot (T > 230K) gas-phase Dynamic Range of 80 Jy /0.4 mJy or chemistry, hence influencing the overall The LOFAR Epoch of Reionization 200,000:1! We are still a significant factor chemical composition of the gas. In project away from the thermal noise and expect addition, theoretical studies suggest that The LOFAR-EoR key science project in 2012 to achieve improved images water is the dominant cooling agent at will use the LOFAR telescope to detect when we turn on beam correction during high densities and high temperatures, the redshifted 21cm line of neutral the imaging and start to uv-subtract facilitating the gravitational collapse of hydrogen coming from the Epoch of more sources and deconvolve images. molecular cloud cores which is required Reionization (EoR). The EoR is a pivotal to form stars. Until now, (single) water period in the history of the Universe The nature and evolution of the lines at high-z were only found in two during which the all-pervasive hydrogen unique binary pulsar J1903+0327 gravitationally lensed systems at z=2.3 gas was transformed from neutral to Two teams published complementary and 2.6. The new record holder is the the ionized state. It holds the key to papers (one more observational, one (also gravitationally lensed) QSO host structure formation and evolution, more theoretical) on this system. galaxy APM08279+5255 at z=3.9, in but also represents a missing piece of J1903+0327 is a millisecond pulsar in an which water line emission has been the puzzle in our current knowledge eccentric (e = 0.44) 95-day orbit with a recently reported by our group (van der of the Universe. At the end of 2010, (~1Msun) companion, posing a challenge Werf, Berciano Alba et al. 2011) and two LOFAR started to acquire commissioning to our understanding of stellar evolution other teams (Lis et al. 2011, Bradford et data to monitor performance, and as in binary and multiple-star systems. al. 2011). We used the Plateau de Bure pilot work for deep EoR observations. Jason Hessels and colleagues describe millimeter interferometer to obtain high During the first four months of 2011, optical and radio observations which rule resolution (40 MHz), 3.6 GHz bandwidth about fifteen nights of data (6 hours on out most of the scenarios proposed to spectra of four rotational water lines in each of two fields: 3C196 and the NCP) explain formation of this system. They APM08279+5255. This unprecedented were collected in the HBA band (115- present the most precise measurement detection of multiple water lines in a 163 MHz). De Bruyn, Labropoulos and of the mass of a millisecond pulsar to high-z object has allowed us, for the first Yatawatta processed several nights of date: 1.667 +/- 0.021 solar masses (99.7% time, to explore the use of water as a data; these were presented at the Zadar confidence limit) (Freire et al. 2011, tracer of the physical properties of the EoR meeting, and as a press release. In MNRAS 412, 2763).  ISM at high-z. (van der Werf, Berciano each field, in a single 6-hour synthesis

Spectra of the four water lines detected in APM08279 (left), and a comparison between the observed and modeled water line fluxes (right).

15 ASTRON Annual report 2011 A tiny part of the LOFAR image of the field centered on the North Celestial Pole. It shows at least 7 discrete sources, some of them double or complex. The faintest source has a flux density of only a few mJy at 150 MHz. The image has an angular resolution of 8 arcseconds but still needs to be deconvolved. The data was processed by Dr. Sarod Yatawatta on the EoR-cluster at the University of Groningen.

Joeri van Leeuwen and team present a triple-star model and population synthesis where the expansion of the orbit of the LMXB, driven by the mass transfer from the evolving donor star to its neutron star companion, causes the triple eventually to become dynamically unstable. If the donor star of the LMXB is ejected, a system resembling J1903 will result. If the neutron star is ejected a single MSP results. This model therefore also provides a straightforward mechanism for forming single MSP in the Galactic disk (Portegies Zwart et al. 2011, ApJ 734, 55).

The evolution of the inner and outer orbit for a system producing J1903+0327.

16 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Radio Observatory

17 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Operations with the Westerbork Two WSRT software maintenance weeks signal-to-noise ratio, and analyses these Synthesis Radio Telescope were planned for the year, but the second signals both with respect to their RF and The Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope one was cancelled as there was no need modulation properties and quality and to (WSRT) has continued in its highly efficient for it. The calibration procedure for VLBI determine the behaviour of the satellites science production mode, with the staff observations, which involved a large in their orbits. The facility for the In-Orbit spending just the required effort to keep number of manual steps, was automated, Validation (IOV) of the first four Galileo the telescope at its current performance reducing the required effort per VLBI satellite passed its Qualification Review, and level. This currently allows a last generation observing period from several hours was then delivered to Thales Alenia Space, of deep 92cm and 21cm WSRT Legacy to several minutes. Apart from some Italy, on April 6 to start nominal operation. synthesis observations to proceed smoothly, extensions for the Galileo SMF system, the During this event a demonstration and a with data flowing steadily into the archive. rest of the WSRT software system continued short training about the use of SMF were The continued ‘low-maintenance / high- in its stable condition. given. In the framework of the In-Orbit production mode’ on the WSRT has allowed Test (the phase before the actual IOV) the the staff of the ASTRON Radio Observatory WSRT Galileo Signal-in-Space SMF performed measurements on the 11th, division to direct most of their efforts in Monitoring Facility 15th, 18th and 19th of December on the 2011 towards LOFAR. The Signal-in-Space Monitoring Facility unmodulated and modulated signals of the (SMF) was realized at the WSRT by a PFM satellite. The figure below shows the A crew of 7 persons, spending a total of consortium headed by ASTRON, with modulated signal in the L1 band of the PFM 3 FTE, was in charge of WSRT hardware S&T, Delft University of Technology, and satellite as measured with the spectrum maintenance: 3 mechanical engineers, TNO. SMF uses one of the 25-meter WSRT analyzer of the SMF set-up.  3 electronic engineers and 1 cryogenics dishes to receive the navigation signals engineer; a temporary worker was hired from the Galileo satellites with a high for 12 days during the summer. On average, the WSRT was in planned maintenance mode for one working day a week. Only five mechanical failures on the telescopes and twenty-one issues related to electronics required corrective maintenance in the entire year. The displacers in the cryogenic pumps of the cooling system began to show an increasing number of failures in 2010, well before their nominal end-of- life expectancy. After some consultation, research, and negotiation with the manufacturer, free delivery of a partial batch of improved displacers was agreed for 2012. In July 2011, deterioration of the electrical cabling of the motors of the movable telescopes caused short circuits; this was replaced with urgency. Larger-scale electrical and mechanical maintenance, to keep the WSRT up-to-date, is being deferred to coincide with the period of transition to the Apertif frontends.

18 ASTRON Annual report 2011 LOFAR Operations The entire year saw prodigious LOFAR commissioning and early science activities (statistics given on the right). Operations for these were carried out with the observing system in a preliminary and strongly evolving state, that took major personnel effort to support. Most of the Observatory staff devoted their efforts to a mixture of the various ongoing LOFAR development, rollout, commissioning, and early science observing. The Heads of Technical Operations and of Science As the year drew to a close, the software In order to achieve optimal coordination Support both participated in the central development was directed by the LCCG and a tight planning cycle, the LCCG coordination of these efforts via the in a very focused way towards a package adopted a software planning method ASTRON-wide LOFAR Commissioning of capabilities called LOFAR Version 1. called Agile/Scrum. It is well suited to the Coordination Group (LCCG). This package includes correlated as well relatively small team of developers with as multi-station beam-formed and direct diverse skills, mostly located at ASTRON The Observatory hardware maintenance station data dumping modes, that feed but with participation of people from staff were engaged in the continued station into several post-observing pipelines, Key Science groups and international rollout, both nationally and internationally. chiefly for synthesis imaging and known LOFAR consortia. Important parts of The last of the originally ordered batch pulsar observing. LOFAR Version 1 the development work delivering of eight international stations, SE607, encompasses end-to-end operational functionality for LOFAR is also being in Onsala, Sweden, was completed and capabilities, from proposal entry to carried out in multi-party collaborative dedicated in September. archived data retrieval. The system is projects such as NexPress, BigGrid, and planned to come into operational use Target. The picture below shows vividly There was a vigorous retrofitting following an open call for proposals in the Agile/Scrum method in use mid-way campaign in the autumn to improve 2012. Further packages of functionality through a Sprint cycle.  the robustness against moisture of the for later development (LOFAR Versions 2, High Band Antenna tiles in NL LOFAR and 3), have been defined at top-level by stations. On some of these, field drainage the LCCG and endorsed by the ILT Board. was improved by digging of additional trenches. Also, importantly, a potted design of the tile antenna summator was designed, manufactured, and taken into use to replace all faulty summators henceforth. The measures taken have led to a sharp decline in the incidence of modem faults.

19 ASTRON Annual report 2011 LOFAR Early Science Workshop Highly encouraging evidence of the maturing state of LOFAR was given at the ‘LOFAR Early Science’ meeting organised by the Observatory science support group in Dalfsen, the Netherlands, on September 14 and 15. It was attended by about 110 people from the community engaged in commissioning activities, many of whom are students and postdoctoral researchers, who will assure a bright, young, and lively user community for the future! Some self- explanatory early science summary sheets either presented at the Dalfsen meeting, or obtained around the same time are shown below. 

20 ASTRON Annual report 2011 In November, the Low Band part of the Development of the International stations from all countries involved, LOFAR Multi-Snapshot Sky Survey (MSSS) LOFAR Telescope Foundation as well as, reciprocally, the usage of was started. This will be the first time Having been formally established by the ILT by the station owners, and the that LOFAR covers the sky in a uniform ASTRON and the NL LOFAR consortium contribution of these station owners way. MSSS is an important step to ensure in 2010, the ILT blossomed in 2011. to the central operations of the ILT. the availability of calibrator information Quarterly Board meetings were held. These arrangements were subsequently across the sky. MSSS, continuing in The highlight, on 22 June, was the extended to all stations, culminating with 2012, also serves as a major driver for formal entry of the LOFAR consortia the ILT Board approval on 16 September developing and debugging end-to-end from France, Germany, Sweden, and of a GLOW-coordinated package of operational functionality of the system. the United Kingdom (GLOW, FLOW, cash and in-kind contributions to ILT A recent sky image is shown in the figure LOFAR-Sweden, and LOFAR-UK), shown operations, lasting through 2013, and on the top right. below. The multiple simultaneous entry involving both the availability of two was enabled by the signing of uniform software developers for LCCG work, and agreements regulating the usage by the the provision of archive facilities at Juelich. ILT of a first set of international LOFAR

21 ASTRON Annual report 2011 R&D Laboratory

2222 ASTRONASTRON Annual Annual report report 2011 2011 APERTIF The ASTRON R&D department, in close logical tile consists of 2×72 antenna collaboration with the Astronomy Group elements and is slightly bigger than and the University of Groningen, is 1 square metre. The 144 elements world-leading in developing focal plane are organised in a dual polarisation array technology for radio astronomy. configuration, however only the signals APERTIF ‘APERture Tile In Focus’ aims from one polarisation can currently to substantially increase the survey be processed at any one time. The speed of the WSRT using Phased Array 72 antenna signals are beam formed Feed (PAF) technology enabling new into two, fully independent, steerable kinds of radio astronomy. Currently, beams at RF level. The resulting beams the detailed design of APERTIF is being are transported over coaxial cables to finalized. Activities include antenna and a small building near the array where LNA design, environmental testing of the remainder of the signal processing coaxial RF cables, receiver design, digital is taken care of. EMBRACE operates at APERTIF beamformer subrack. processing design (beam-former and frequencies of up to 1.7 GHz. correlator) and firmware development (see the paragraph about UniBoard), EMBRACE The ability of the array to conduct two investigation of post-processing pipelines, Within the context of the EC FP6 SKADS different measurements simultaneously integration and studies, calibration project, ASTRON designed and built was demonstrated early 2011. The figure and beamforming studies. The APERTIF EMBRACE (Electronic Multi-Beam Radio below shows two observations near prototype PAF system, called DIGESTIF, has Astronomy ConcEpt). Two of these SKA 1.4 GHz simultaneously by phasing the been installed in one of the WSRT dishes technology demonstrators have been EMBRACE aperture array elements in and has demonstrated the feasibility constructed – one is located alongside such a way to form two beams on the of the new system. Some major results the WSRT in the Netherlands, and the sky at the same time. One beam was include the demonstration of a 68 K other is located in France, at the Nancay used to track a pulsar (right) while the system temperature which is intended Observatory. The goal of the project is other beam was scanning over the sky to to be further reduced for production to show that a cm-wavelength Aperture image the neutral hydrogen along the systems. DIGESTIF also demonstrated Array system can be manufactured Milky Way (left).  much improved illumination of the WSRT at low cost via the development of antenna surface, increasing the efficiency advanced production technology. The of the telescope system and significantly EMBRACE system is also used as a test- reducing standing wave effects. bed for instrumental and astronomical validation. An important concept in the In the week before Christmas the array is that of a logical tile. One such backplane for the APERTIF beamformer arrived. The image shows one backplane, including boards plugged in at both sides of the backplane. In total two of those subracks are required for the APERTIF beamformer for each telescope. On the boards multiple beams are formed from all antenna elements of the phased array feed in the telescope. In a single AUB (ADU UniBoard backplane) four UniBoards (digital beamformer boards), eight ADU (ADC converter units), and a PAC (Power And Clock distribution) board are plugged. Since it now has been proven that all boards fit mechanically in the backplane, the boards are ready for integration in a mechanical subrack housing.

Dual beams of EMBRACE detecting a pulsar and Galactic HI.

23 ASTRON Annual report 2011 The figure shows the results of these transpose run on the Blue Gene instead observations: the pulse profile of the of on a separate input cluster as originally pulsar detected and the longitude- planned, in this way saving the project 1 velocity diagram of the neutral hydrogen million Euros. In addition to that all the along the Galactic plane (with the optimizations also allowed us to process double structure indicating spiral arms more data (i.e. more instantaneous of the Galaxy). These results show the bandwidth) and to have additional great potential of multi-beaming for pipelines for pulsar and cosmic ray data radio telescopes: multiple simultaneous processing running. observing modes (in this case recording In the AstroStream project we are a time series of a single source and at investigating with the TU Delft and the same time scanning the sky to do the Free University of Amsterdam the DAS-4 experimental computer at ASTRON. imaging spectroscopy). They also mark the possibilities of doing even more advanced important progress which is being made streaming astronomical processing. at ASTRON in developing the technology Correlator software was rewritten for for the radio telescopes of the future, in data stream is implemented on an IBM running on a IBM Cell processor and on particular the Square Kilometre Array. Blue Gene supercomputer. In order to a ATI GPU card. We now have correlator have the correlator application run at implementations on both NVIDIA and 96% (!) of the peak performance the ATI GPUs, the Cell/B.E. processor, Intel/ High-Performance Computing on supercomputer had to be optimized. This SSE and the BG/P. The gridding part of Streaming Data involved programming on assembly level, imaging software was ported to the The LOFAR telescope is producing optimizing the network protocol, and Cell and GPU and compared to CPU huge amounts of data. The real-time adapting the operating system. In doing performance.  part of the central processing of the so we were also able to have the data

First photonic tile demonstrator.

24 ASTRON Annual report 2011 The imaging code was parallelized on Intel multi-core machines with multi- threading and SSE3 vector parallelism. Also part of calibration software was considered for running on the Cell. Finally, tied array beamforming and asynchronous transpose on the Blue Gene / P were looked into.

The picture on page 24 (top) shows the latest acquisition of the DAS-4 experimental computer cluster. This system hosts eight of the fastest Graphical Processing Units (GPUs), one UniBoards ready for shipping. of which is shown here. It is absolutely a number-crunching monster, handling 1300 TFLOPS at only 2400 Watt. result, optical phase instabilities will not The boards as shown in the figure were occur. In addition, a wider and higher accompanied with documentation and frequency band from 2 GHz to 5 GHz will test firmware which can tests all board Photonic Tile be used. The photonic technology R&D interfaces. The written firmware has The ASTRON technical laboratory plays for this first tile and the next generation been setup in a modular way, such a leading role in the global R&D of photonic tile takes place in the that the hurdle for reusing firmware is technology for aperture arrays and focal- Innovation Subsidy-BPB, the SmartMix- minimized. plane arrays for radio astronomy. At this MEMPHIS and the PointOne-SATRAX moment, the receptor tiles used in major projects, in collaboration with groups at The UniBoard is a complex and high projects such as EMBRACE and APERTIF all Dutch technical universities, TNO, and density board. In order to guarantee (both related to SKA) are still entirely Lionix BV. a high yield board production in large electronic, but photonic technology is volumes a close cooperation has been also being explored. The latter is very setup with Neways in Leeuwarden. By attractive for application in future UniBoard using an iterative process the board radio astronomy systems because of its This year ASTRON successfully finished design has been improved significantly excellent broadband and high-frequency their part of the UniBoard project for for production, test and cost. Part of properties and also its RFI immunity, low RadioNet FP7 by delivering a digital this work was funded by SNN (the weight and small space envelope. signal processing board integrated in Northern Netherlands Provinces). The an active cooled housing with out of architecture of UniBoard is designed to The picture shows our first photonic the box test firmware for all partners: enable multiple UniBoards integrated demonstrator phased-array tile, which University of Manchester, INAF, in a subrack for building large complex was constructed and characterised last University of Bordeaux, University of digital processing systems (funded via year and finalized early this year. By Orléans, KASI, Shanghai Observatory, ExBox). All boards can be connected to equipping this tile with optical analogue JIVE (overall project lead), and ASTRON. each other via a backplane. The other links and an integrated photonic side of the backplane can be used to beamformer, broadband signal reception This board provides as much computing plug in receivers boards including A/D and broadband, true time delay power as will reasonably fit on a printed converters. In this year the receiver beamforming between 0.5 GHz and 1.5 circuit board (PCB), in the form of a board, backplane and clock board have GHz was realised and demonstrated. large number of state-of-the-art FPGAs been designed, produced, tested and yielding a peak performance of up to 4 integrated. Early October an important While optical technology holds great Tops (Tera-operations per second). The milestone was achieved by capturing promise, it also presents its own board communicates with the external two analogue input signals from the challenges. In this first demonstrator tile world using a large number of high-speed Analogue-Digital Unit (ADU) board we had to deal with pronounced optical links. UniBoard will serve the online data into the 4 GByte (DDR3) memory on the phase instabilities in the signal paths processing needs of many new RadioNet UniBoard. This demo showed that the (i.e. fibres). This was overcome by careful facilities – in particular it is destined to be hardware and the program code (the and clever measuring by Klaas Dijkstra. a crucial component of future correlators VHDL) of UniBoard works correctly. This By increasing the integration level in and beamformers required for the WSRT- milestone is an important intermediate the next generation photonic tile, only APERTIF and EVN (JIVE). In addition, it will step in the development of the APERTIF well-controlled on-chip optical signal serve as a Peta-operations test bench for beamformer.  paths will be present in the system. As a SKA research developments.

25 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Applied Radio-Frequency Technology course.

250th student for the ASTRON RF- Morawietz and Mark Ruiter (hands-on The installation of this powerful new course training), Harm-Jan Stiepel (guided tour cluster has been a vital prerequisite to In November, ASTRON welcomed the to the WSRT, an ultimate RF-system) starting an observing project as big as 250th student for its 3-day course on and Renate van Dalen (administrative MSSS, the first LOFAR all-sky servey. Applied Radio-Frequency Technology. support). For several years now, ASTRON/ATH The picture shows the (rather noisy) has offered this course to B.Sc. & M.Sc. cluster of 100+ nodes. What can’t be engineers, most of whom are employed LOFAR CEP 2.0 Cluster shown in pictures is the tremendous by Dutch SMEs. The course is given by In April the LOFAR phase II cluster amount of work that was done, by ASTRON engineers, and includes theory became operational. Shortly after personnel from both the University of and hands-on training. During a small installation in Groningen the first Groningen and ASTRON, to get the ceremony, ASTRON’s director of R&D observations were stored and reduced on operating system and software working Dr. Albert-Jan Boonstra memorized the new hardware. We’ve added some in record time. the history of the course. It started in 100 hybrid compute and storage nodes, March 2002 and is offered twice a year. containing 2448 cores, 6.4 terabyte of The lucky 250th participant, Mr Rémon main memory and just over 2 petabyte Wilms from Agentschap Telecom, of disk storage to our already impressive was ‘distinguished’ with some typical list of hardware. The entire cluster is in ASTRON-style goodies. The picture theory capable of performing just over shows the ceremony, as well as some 20.5x1012 floating point operations very moments during the hands-on training, second, four times that of the previous where students are exercising the lessons cluster. learned about the Smith-chart, IP2 IP3 This new cluster is designed to handle far and noise figures from an example LNA. greater bandwidths than the previous cluster. With this hardware we should Of course, the success of the course (eventually) be able to handle up to 80 critically depends on the commitment Gbps of data streaming from the Blue and dedication of ASTRON staff Laurens Gene/P supercomputer, allowing us to Bakker (teaching RF fundamentals), Bert observe with more beams, at higher Woestenburg (RF-systems), Jan-Wim time resolution and with more frequency Eikenbroek (Communication Systems), bands than previously possible. LOFAR CEP 2.0 Cluster. Wim van Cappellen (Antennas), Jürgen

26 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Connected legal entities

2727 ASTRONASTRON Annual Annual report report 2011 2011 ASTRON has three connected legal export and installation of international taken over by dr. Marco de Vos. entities: AstroTec Holding B.V. (ATH), the LOFAR stations, as this is more efficiently LOFAR Foundation/Limited Partnership done under a private entity. and the International LOFAR Telescope International LOFAR Telescope Foundation (ILT). Foundation LOFAR Foundation/Limited The ILT has been established for the Partnership operation of LOFAR as a radio telescope. AstroTec Holding B.V. To develop, operate and exploit the The ILT was founded in November ATH is a wholly owned subsidiary LOFAR sensor network, a Limited 2010 as a Foundation under Dutch law. of ASTRON to facilitate commercial Partnership (Dutch: Commanditaire International partners joined in June activities that require a joint venture Vennootschap) was established by the 2011: the German GLOW consortium, or private partner. ATH is governed by partners. The LOFAR Foundation is the French FLOW consortium, LOFAR- a small Board of Commissioners who the sole general partner (‘beherend Sweden and LOFAR-UK. All these report to the shareholder, ASTRON. vennoot’). consortia own one or more LOFAR In 2011, ATH participated in four stations, that are used in connection companies, all start-ups that originated The LOFAR BSIK grant was closed with the 40 LOFAR stations in the from ASTRON or LOFAR developments. according to plan in 2010. A major Netherlands and the central computing Unfortunately NoFIQ, developing sensor task for the LOFAR Foundation was facilities. The partners share the cost of networked fire fighting systems, had to to finalize this grant administratively. the central functions in an agreed ratio stop business activities. The company This was successfully completed in and support their national stations. was later restarted with new investors. September. With LOFAR now being ASTRON provides the staff for the Filitron, developing RF-ID technology an operational entity, the role of central support. The General Director was largely dormant in 2011. DySI, the LOFAR Foundation changed. The of ASTRON is member of the ILT Board. developing software for dynamic system LOFAR infrastructure will be rented The ILT Director is seconded from intelligence, has grown considerably in out to commercially to various users, ASTRON, the current Director is dr. René 2011 and closed the year with positive including the ILT. The LOFAR Foundation Vermeulen. results. Dutch Sigma, developing an will handle these contracts, and optical precision scanner, proceeded well search for new potential users of the towards a first prototype. ASTRON could infrastructure. New applications will make additional investments in Dutch be developed through the technology Sigma through a grant from NWO. transfer offices of the partners.

In 2011, two RF Courses were given, At the end of 2011, dr. Michiel van which were again evaluated very Haarlem accepted the position of positively by the participants. Interim Director General of the SKA Organisation and stepped back as In the near future, ATH will be made Managing Director of the LOFAR responsible for the handling of the Foundation. His role was provisionally

ASTRON headquarters in Dwingeloo, the Netherlands.

28 ASTRON Annual report 2011 NOVA Optical/ Infrared Instrumentation Group

29 ASTRON Annual report 2011 The NOVA Optical / Infrared infrared expansion or replacement of Instrumentation Group was involved in the VLT Flames-Giraffe multi object four of the ten scientific instrumentation spectrograph. 4MOST is an optical all sky concept design studies for the ESO survey instrument for either the NTT on European Extremely Large Telescope. In La Silla or the VISTA telescope on Paranal. 2011, six instruments have been formally In addition we work on the preliminary selected and this includes at least three, design of the WEAVE optical multi object possibly all four, of the instruments with spectrograph for the ING William Hershel Dutch involvement. METIS, the NOVA Telescope on La Palma. led Mid Infrared Instrument, is selected as the 3rd scientific instrument on the MATISSE is the mid infrared telescope. At this moment we are still interferometer for the ESO VLTI, waiting for a formal decision on the combining the light of all four Very Large construction of the telescope before Differential polarization image of a Telescopes at the same time, creating the instrument projects move to the simulated star-planet system, measured six baselines and micro-arcsecond with ZIMPOL system. The simulator uses Preliminary Design Phase. During this fiberoptics to insert the image of a star angular accuracy. NOVA is responsible period the technology development for and four planets into the fore optics. for the MATISSE Cryogenic Optics, In the centre the un-polarized ‘star’ is METIS continues in a collaboration with suppressed by both the coronagraph and MPIA (Heidelberg) for the Cryostats, several Dutch high tech companies. the differential polarization technique of MPIfR (Bonn) for the detectors and ZIMPOL. The four weak planets, the light data reduction and OCA (Nice) for the of which is polarized, are clearly visible, NOVA is involved in several Multi Object despite the strong star signal. The ‘star’ has warm optics, integration and overall Spectrographs projects. MOONS and an intensity of about 107 higher than the management.  four ‘planets’. Sky separation of the ‘star’ 4MOST were selected by ESO for a to its ‘planets’ is 70 to 150 mas. concept design study. MOONS is a near

The ZIMPOL instrument without cover, located in the cleanroom at ASTRON for a last overhaul before shipment to Grenoble. Light will enter the instrument from the left, provided by the general optics of SPHERE. Clearly visible are the wheels for filter and polarization components. In the middle a vacuum tube is leading to the FLC, the hart of the instrument. On the right hand side, the cryostat is visible. The two detector CCDs are located in the cryostat.

30 ASTRON Annual report 2011 The MATISSE Cold Optics is a ZIMPOL is a high-precision imaging Dwingeloo for review of ZIMPOL and challenging design with hundreds of polarimeter for the SPHERE instrument accepted the instrument. In Januari 2012, optical components, ten mechanism on the ESO VLT. ZIMPOL operates in the ZIMPOL was shipped to Grenoble for for observation modes and dozens of visual range and is based on a differential integration onto the SPHERE platform alignment mechanisms all with extreme comparison of the two images by fast where it is now being tested in the full stability and accuracy requirements modulation with a Ferro-electric Liquid system. The instrument will be shipped situated in a vacuum cryogenic Crystal. Two different polarization to the VLT site on Paranal in Chile before environment. The optical and cryostat directions are measured on the same the end of 2012 and first light is expected final design review is successfully passed pixel, allowing for a star-planet contrast early in 2013. in October 2011. A lot of mechanical of 10-7 to 10-8. Because of this accuracy design effort is now targeted to finalize planets with atmospheres are revealed, the design, while procurement of the as their reflected light is polarized, while optics is in full swing and manufacturing starlight is not polarized. The main of mechanical components has started. partners in development of ZIMPOL are This is why MATISSE is the most important ETH (Zürich) and NOVA. In June 2011 project in 2011 in terms of staff effort. the SPHERE management team came to

3D optical layout for the set of four telescope beams inside the MATISSE cold optics. There are two such systems in MATISSE, one for L&M band and one for N band. The four light beams enter the cold optics at the top left corner and end up at the detector in the top right corner.

31 ASTRON Annual report 2011 JIVE

32 ASTRON Annual report 2011 The most noticeable change in 2011 at the Mercury or possible missions to the Jovian will investigate even more powerful Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE) was system or near-Earth asteroids. The same and energy efficient solutions for the increasing role of the EVN software technique can also be used to get accurate future correlator and beam-forming correlator at JIVE (SFXC) in VLBI operations. orbital parameters of the RadioAstron applications, for example in the SKA. Originating from the JIVE spacecraft space telescope, which was successfully observing effort, this platform was initially launched into orbit in July 2011. These correlator initiatives have a strong introduced to accommodate special synergy with JIVE’s on-going push to projects that could not be done easily on In addition to such special projects, make e-VLBI a more robust, flexible the MkIV hardware processor. And indeed, the flexibility and the robustness of and sensitive technique. This effort there has been quite an interest to do the software correlator proved to be is subsidised by the EC through the wide-field-of-view imaging, pulsar binning an important asset for dealing with FP7 NEXPReS project that had its first and high spectral resolution processing on regular operations. After doubling of successful yearly review in mid-2011. A the SFXC. Additionally, the results of the the hardware configuration, the SFXC highlight for the NEXPReS participants first tests of new VLBI equipment at the platform started to be the correlator of and all e-VLBI operators around the telescopes were obtained on the SFXC, choice for the majority of experiments world was the global e-VLBI meeting in considerably improving the sensitivity by correlated at JIVE. South Africa. The meeting and its location capturing data at 2 and 3 Gbps. Moreover, were particularly suitable in view of the it has accommodated an increasing In the longer term, JIVE plans to local ambitions to develop an African variety of near-field VLBI observations of commission a correlator based on VLBI Network based on decommissioned planetary spacecraft. JIVE collaborates the UniBoard concept, developed communication dishes in various African with international partners to facilitate through a JIVE-led RadioNet research countries.  such experiments in order to enhance the activity. In 2011, the first prototype was science return of current and future space delivered. As part of the follow-up EC missions, like the BepiColombo mission to FP7 RadioNet3 programme, UniBoard2

Accurate VLBI observations of the Venus Express spacecraft X-band radio signal demonstrate the capabilities of obtaining spacecraft state-vectors with unsurpassed accuracy (Duev et al. 2012, accepted by A&A).

33 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Participants at the 10th international e-VLBI workshop at Amanzingwe near Johannesburg, South Africa.

All these technological advances are The review panel was of course also years. And, although the operations team important ingredients of JIVE’s view on presented with the science output of the is faced with an increasing operational the future of VLBI. In anticipation of the EVN and the JIVE staff. The productivity complexity, it maintains a perfect track planned review by external experts in of the JIVE staff was very tangible in record in delivering flawless data. early 2012, JIVE management focused 2011 with three JIVE students (Nikta on drafting its vision for the next Amiri – Leiden; Linjie Chen – Bejing; It was particularly pleasing to see that 5-year funding cycle and beyond. The Kalle Torstensson – Leiden) receiving EVN results in the literature cover a very most important element in this is the their PhD. But of course it is really the wide range of astronomical topics: from specific science programme, addressing science output of the EVN users that the sub-parsec dynamics and magnetic fundamental astronomical questions counts, as it is JIVE’s primary mission to fields around high-mass young stars to at the highest possible resolution, deliver the best possible data, ready for the distance scales in our Galaxy, stellar particularly in synergy with other further astronomical analysis. In 2011 JIVE black holes and neutron stars, supernovae SKA pathfinders. The JIVE partners have processed 95 user experiments. Through in local galaxies, AGN throughout the discussed in 2011 how the success of the advent of e-VLBI this number has universe and gravitational lensing at JIVE can contribute to the structuring of been steadily increasing over the last few cosmological distances. European radio astronomy.

Parallaxes of methanol masers in the Cygnus X region demonstrate that notably AFGL2591 is not at the same distance. Therefore it is demonstrated that these star forming regions do not belong to the same large-scale structure in the local spiral arm (Rygl et al. 2012, A&A 539 79).

34 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Outreach and Education

35 ASTRON Annual report 2011 At the end of 2010, a coordinator for education and diversity joined ASTRON. A new programme was set up for high schools and primary schools, which allowed students to visit ASTRON and get to know the institute inside and out. The coordinator also helped shape our diversity strategy and in the process made the committee itself more diverse. Many educational activities took place in 2011, and of course the larger public wasn’t left out either.

Visitors The summer students of 2011. In 2011, six students participated in our International Summer Student Programme (photo on the top right). This was a truly multicultural mix of students, with participants from Croatia, Ireland, Germany, Hungary, Indonesia, Australia and China.

Many other astronomers have visited ASTRON for a variety of activities, in particular connected with LOFAR commissioning. In addition, Dr. Tao An from Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, has spent one year sabbatical at ASTRON. We also had three long-term visits as part of the Helena Kluyver female visitor programme; two of them (Prof. Renee Kraan-Korteweg and Dr. Lakshmi Saripalli) have spent their time at ASTRON as part of their sabbatical.

Outreach activities Tom Oosterloo (on the left, senior astronomer) shows people what hides inside the black boxes on the LOFAR field, during the open day of the EU with the theme ‘Europe around the corner’. On the 10th of July, the LofarTafel (www.lofarzone.nl) organised ‘LOFARdag’- an opportunity to explain the various aspects of the LOFAR project to the local community around Exloo, Borger and the surrounding area. ASTRON was well represented with Albert-Jan Boonstra, Peter Benemma talking to the 600+ people that visited the LOFAR fields, and Roy Smits bravely manning the hugely popular NOVA planetarium show.

36 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Girls soldering LOFAR lights at the Girlsday.

The ASTRON booth (photo below) at Many of those checked out or stopped the 2011 Seattle AAS meeting not only by the ASTRON booth. We provided showcased the LOFAR scale model, it information on the R&D and astronomy even featured live LOFAR observing. The at ASTRON and on the current status meeting of the American Astronomical of LOFAR, APERTIF and SKA related Society is the largest annual astronomy work. The LOFAR scale model and the meeting in the world, with about 3000 information on our summer student participants. programme especially drew a lot of interest.

37 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Albert-Jan Boonstra, director of the R&D department a.i., explains visitors about the LOFAR telescope.

In 2011, the Milky Way path, a 2 km long scale model of the Solar System with its planets, that leads up to the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope, was renewed. The differences between the old and new blue signs are clearly visible as can be seen on the photo’s below! All the windows of the glass cabinets have been replaced as well.

Below: one of the old damaged boards on the Milky Way path. Above: the same board, renewed. New glass was placed on the cabinets on the Milky Way path.

38 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Press releases

New monitoring facility Radio telescope gets ready for European double vision. navigation system.

LOFAR makes deeper images of Universe than ever before.

C’est magnifique: LOFAR goes multi-national.

Visit the world’s biggest radio telescope on 15 May. International partners join forces for SKA telescope.

LOFAR takes the pulse of The ATLAS3D project: the radio sky. Replacing handle of Hubble’s tuning fork.

39 ASTRON Annual report 2011 HI observations of cool- core galaxy clusters.

A Veni grant for Adam Deller.

Youngest supernova ever imaged just after explosion.

The formation of the eccentric-orbit millisecond New all-sky map shows pulsar J1903+0327 and magnetic fields at the origin of single highest precision. millisecond pulsars.

Meet EMMA (Embrace multiple for astronomy), the next generation Aperture Array for the SKA-MID-frequencies.

Hanny van Arkel, the teacher who discovered the mysterious Hanny’s Voorwerp, visited the ASTRON booth at the AAS conference in Seattle, January 2011.

40 ASTRON Annual report 2011 MSSS (Multifrequency Snapshot Sky Survey) begins!

Water vapour reveals how stars form around black hole.

UniBoard is in production. Credits: ASTRON/JIVE.

The Netherlands signs up for SKA. Summer Student Garden Party.

An impostor among radio galaxies.

41 ASTRON Annual report 2011 ASTRON in the media

42 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Major group visits 2011

20 April 2011 28 March 2011 Astrophysics & Cosmology class January Pleinschool Helder, Eindhoven (Amsterdam University College)

21 April 2011 26 January 2011 31 March 2011 Gymnasium, Kurgan & Nieuwe Veste, SKA-NL Industry Day Primary school ‘de Kloostertuin’, Assen Coevorden. Exchange project for high (Leonardo department) school students with Dutch and Russian schools

April

Representatives of large industry like IBM, 07 April 2011 Siemens and NXP and SMI’s like Neways Northern Netherlands Provinces (SNN) and many others visited the SKA-NL and ambassadors from Estonia, Latvia, industry day at ASTRON. Poland, Germany, Denmark, Sweden

27 January 2011 Society for Physics Teachers 14 April 2011 Girlsday One of the students ‘carrying’ a Westerbork dish!

February May 03 February 2011 Hondsrug College, Emmen (high school) 09 May 2011 Group photo of the girls and ASTRON staff Presentation high school ‘RSG’, Ter Apel. who participated in girlsday 2011. 17 February 2011 Exchange project for high school students HBO students Technical Physics, Enschede with Dutch and German students.  18 April 2011 Primary school ‘de Kloostertuin’, Assen (Leonardo department)

March 18 April 2011 Drenthe Club of 100 of the political party VVD 15 March 2011 Mayor and aldermen, Westerveld The high school students listen to Peter Bennema, LOFAR Nature project leader, 16 March 2011 explaining about the LOFAR antennas in the field near Exloo. Astronomy students and LappTop students (University of Leiden)

43 ASTRON Annual report 2011 27 May 2011 Physics and astronomy students September (University of Nijmegen)

27 September 2011 Visit Society Industry Press

Technology Transfer Officer Ronald Halfwerk (right) explains the students about aperture array technology.

June

08 June 2011 Final round of the Dutch Physics Olympiad (University of Groningen/High school students)

Albert-Jan Boonstra, director of the R&D department, explains the Society for Industry Press about the LOFAR telescope.

October

3-7 October 2011 17 June 2011 NOVA fall school City of Emmen

26 October 2011 August De Maatschappij

19 August 2011 Delegation Committee of Wise Men November Knowledge and Innovation

02 November 2011 29 August 2011 State Committee Province of Drenthe

44 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Appendix 1: Financial summary

45 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Appendix 2: The Helena Kluyver programme for female visitors continued to be successful. Personnel In 2011 an additional programme was started to enable young people with highlights work disabilities to build up experience.

Sharing staff A healthy organisation In 2011 we intensified our efforts to get In 2011, the absenteeism was 2,8%. This staff collaborations with other institutes is a further decrease compared to 2010 and universities. ASTRON wants to (3,6%) and 2009 (3,7%). actively connect to university groups, and to participate in international projects The evaluation panel congratulated like the SKA. This is also important ASTRON with the level of openness and to broaden the view and increase communication in the organization. the experience of our staff. Several Nevertheless ASTRON continues to shared appointments and secondments work on improving communication, were realized, both on national and in particular in giving and receiving international level. feedback.

Increasing diversity Number of employees As an institute of NWO, ASTRON is fully committed to the charter ‘Talent to the Department Number of people Top’, with the ambition to increase the Directorate and Staff 9 number of female employees and the Astronomy 21 female participation in committees and boards. In 2011, the procedures for hiring Radio Observatory 31 processes were updated accordingly. Research & Development 55 Finding female candidates especially General affairs 32 for technical functions remains an issue though. By organizing girls-days and school visits, we interest girls for NOVA* 9 technical and scientific careers. However, Total 157 this does not improve our gender balance on the short term! *NOVA, the Dutch research school for astronomy, is a separate entity but all personnel of the NOVA/ Infrared group is employed by ASTRON (NWO).

46 ASTRON Annual report 2011 6% 6% Personnel per

13% department 2011 6% 20% 6%

Management and Staff Astronomy Group 13%

Radio Observatory 20% Research & Development 20%

General Affairs NOVA* Management and Staff 35% Astronomy Group

Radio Observatory 20% Research & Development

General Affairs

NOVA* 35%

Nationalities at 3% 3% 3% 3% 10% 10% 7% ASTRON 2011 7% 7% 7%

13% 10% American Australian British 13% 10% American 3% 3% Canadian Australian Iranian 3% 3% Italian British Croatian 7% 3% 3% Canadian 17% Romanian 3% 3% Chinese Iranian 3% 3% 3% German Italian Greek Hungarian 7% Croatian Indian 17% Romanian Russian 3% 3% Chinese Spanish 3% Sri lankan German

Greek

Hungarian

Indian

47 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Russian

Spanish

Sri lankan Appendix 3: Staff functions Facilities Diana van Dijk, Management assistant Anne Veendijk, Head of Facilities Board, Truus van den Brink-Havinga, Office Alex Benjamins, Technical support manager Henk Bokhorst, Security Committees Michiel van Haarlem, Interim Director Pieter Jager, Warehouse keeper General SKA Organisation Roelie Kremers, Telephone operator/ and Staff Arnold van Ardenne, Coordinator receptionist ASTRON SKA Program Office Derk Kuipers, Building and terrain Femke Boekhorst, PR & Communications Ina Lenten-Streutker, Secretary Board members officer Fritz Möller, Facilities coordinator Prof. K. Gaemers (chair) Marja Carnal – v.d. Spek, Secretary Miranda Vos, Telephone operator/ Prof. dr. ir. J.A.M. Bleeker, Wassenaar André van Es, Project manager European receptionist Prof. dr. J.T.M. de Hosson, University of projects Henk Vosmeijer, Application and system Groningen Arno Gregoor, Employee general affairs administrator Drs. S.B. Swierstra, Assen Albert Wieringh, Security Mw. Prof. dr. J.C.M. van Eijndhoven, The Hague Human Resources and Internal Mw. Drs. J.P. Rijsdijk, Leiderdorp Communications Astronomy Group Diana Verweij, Head HR&IC Raffaella Morganti, Head of Astronomy Carin Lubbers, HR assistant Megan Argo, Research assistant* Members of the Science Advisory Erika Timmerman, HR officer Willem Baan, Senior scientist Committee Marianne Wielink-Strating, HR assistant Ilse van Bemmel, PostDoc Prof. dr. J.H. van Gorkom, Columbia Alicia Berciano Alba, PostDoc University Annette de Boer-Arts, Coordinator Dr. D.R. DeBoer, CSIRO-ATNF Finance, Planning & Control Education and Diversity Dr. L.V.E. Koopmans, Kapteyn Institute Janneke Wubs-Komdeur, Head FP&C Ger de Bruyn, Senior astronomer Dr. J. Ulvestad, NRAO Ingrid Arling, Assistant FP&C Adam Deller, Staff astronomer* Prof. dr. J.L. Jonas, Rhodes University Emmy Boerma, Project controller Liesbet Elpenhof, Secretary Prof. dr. H.J.A. Röttgering, Radio Anne Doek, Assistant FP&C Neeraj Gupta, PostDoc Observatory Leiden Roelof Kiers, Support assistant technical George Heald, Junior scientist Dr. J. Vink, University Utrecht documents Jason Hessels, Staff astronomer Prof. dr. R.A.M.J. Wijers, University of Bertine Kok-Winters, Financial Vibor Jelic, PostDoc Amsterdam administrative assistant Vlad Kondratiev, Pulsar PostDoc Anno Koster, Purchasing administrative Joeri van Leeuwen, Staff astronomer assistant John McKean, PostDoc Members of the WSRT Program Karin Spijkerman-Hogenkamp, Project Raymond Oonk, PostDoc* Committee controller Tom Oosterloo, Senior scientist Prof. P. Biermann Maura Pilia, PostDoc Pulsar & transient Dr. D. Gabuzda science* Dr. J. Kaastra ICT support Paolo Serra, PostDoc Dr. U. Klein Roelof Boesenkool, Head of ICT Mike Sipior, Astronomical software Prof. dr. M. Kramer Marc Luichjes, System and network support coordinator Dr. T. Oosterloo support Marjan Tibbe, Office manager Dr. I. Prandoni Merijn Martens, ICT assistant Valeriu Tudose, PostDoc Prof.dr. T. van der Hulst Jan Slagter, System and network support Michael Wise, Associate scientist  Prof.dr. G Woan Klaas Stuurwold, Senior officer ICT

Directorate Michael Garrett, Scientific director/ Director General Marco de Vos, Managing director/Deputy Director General

48 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Research and Development Johan Pragt, Head of Mechanics Roy Smits, Support scientist* Albert-Jan Boonstra, Head of R&D a.i. Raj Thilak Rajan, Digital signal processing Harm-Jan Stiepel, Hardware engineer Alexander van Amesfoort, HPC software engineer Jan Stolt, Cryogenic support engineer engineer* John Romein, System researcher Software Yuan Tang, Operator Michel Arts, Antenna Researcher Mark Ruiter, RF Instrument engineer Marjan Tibbe, Office manager Laurens Bakker, RF System engineer Gijs Schoonderbeek, Instrument engineer Nico Vermaas, ICT/Software engineer Pieter Benthem, Instrument engineer DESP Mark Bentum, Senior scientist DESP Oleg Smirnov, Researcher Software Jan Geralt Bij de Vaate, Senior Project Niels Tromp, Instrument engineer NOVA Optical/IR Instrumentation Manager Mechanics Group Patricia Breman, Office manager Lars Venema, Senior researcher Ramon Navarro Y Koren, Groupleader Raymond van den Brink, Instrument Klaas Visser, RF Instrument engineer Tibor Agócs, Instrument engineer* engineer Erik van der Wal, RF Instrument engineer Eddy Elswijk, Hardware engineer Mechanics Stefan Wijnholds, Researcher Menno de Haan, Support engineer Chris Broekema, HPC Researcher Ronald de Wild, Instrument engineer Rik ter Horst, Instrument engineer Wim van Cappellen, Head Antenna DESP Jan Kragt, Design engineer Group Roel Witvers, RF Instrument engineer Gabby Kroes, Instrument engineer Arthur Coolen, Software Design engineer Bert Woestenburg, Head of RF & low Ronald Roelfsema, System engineer Renate van Dalen-Bremer, Secretary noise systems Menno Schuil, Support engineer Sieds Damstra, Design engineer Sarod Yatawatta, Researcher Software* Ger van Diepen, Software System Sjouke Zwier, Design engineer DESP engineer *New employee in 2011 Marco Drost, Instrument engineer mechanics Radio Observatory Albert van Duin, Support engineer René Vermeulen, Director Radio Nico Ebbendorf, Head of Technical Observatory support Ashish Asgekar, Support scientist Benedetta Fiorelli, Antenna Design Michiel Brentjens, Researcher Science Engineer* support Marchel Gerbers, Reliability engineer Pieter Donker, ICT/Software engineer André Gunst, System engineer Liesbet Elpenhof, Secretary Ronald Halfwerk, Technology Transfer Wilfred Frieswijk, Support scientist* Officer Teun Grit, ICT/Software engineer Hiddo Hanenburg, Instrument engineer Peter Gruppen, Support engineer mechanics electronics Jan Idserda, Head Mechanics Workshop Hanno Holties, System engineer Dion Kant, Head System design & Alwin de Jong, ICT/Software engineer integration Gyula Józsa, Support scientist Koos Kegel, Senior RF engineer Wouter Klijn, Software engineer* Eric Kooistra, System engineer DESP Geert Kuper, Operator Anne Koster, Project support engineer Hans van der Marel, System engineer Sjouke Kuindersma, Support engineer Rebecca McFadden, Support scientist Mechanics Henri Meulman, Hardware engineer Marcel Loose, Software System engineer Rob Millenaar, System engineer (SKA Peter Maat, System researcher Photonics Project Office) Jürgen Morawietz, RF Instrument Jan David Mol, ICT/Sofware engineer engineer Harm Munk, Head of Technical Eim Mulder, Support engineer Operations Jan Nijboer, Project support engineer Menno Norden, System engineer Ronald Nijboer, Head of Computing Roberto Pizzo, Support scientist Jan Noordam, Senior software engineer Antonis Polatidis, Head of Science Ruud Overeem, Instrument engineer Support software Jan-Pieter de Reijer, Hardware engineer Arash Owrang, PHD researcher* Adriaan Renting, ICT/Sofware engineer Vishambhar Nath Pandey, Researcher* Arno Schoenmakers, ICT/Software Harm-Jan Pepping, Design engineer engineer DESP* Jurjen Sluman, Operator

49 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Appendix 4: A.-M. Weijmans: ATLAS3D project. Garrett, C. J. Stockdale, K. W. Weiler: I. (Cappellari+, 2011), 2011, VizieR VLBI observations of SN 2011dh: Publications Online Data Catalog, 741, 30813 imaging of the youngest radio supernova, 2011, Astronomy and 6. J. Aleksic, ..[101 authors collapsed].., Astrophysics, 535, L10 Astronomy Group and Radio M. Pilia and [55 authors collapsed] Observatory : Observations of the Crab Pulsar 11. E. Del Monte, G. Barbiellini, I. between 25 and 100 GeV with Donnarumma, F. Fuschino, A. Astronomical publications in refereed journals 2011 the MAGIC I Telescope, 2011, The Giuliani, F. Longo, M. Marisaldi, Astrophysical Journal, 742, 43 G. Pucella, M. Tavani, M. Trifoglio, 1. P. Abreu, ..[128 authors collapsed].., A. Trois, A. Argan, A. Bulgarelli, H. Falcke and [372 authors collapsed] 7. Paul P. van der Werf, A. Berciano P. Caraveo, P. W. Cattaneo, A. W. : Search for ultrahigh energy Alba, M. Spaans, A. F. Loenen, R. Chen, E. Costa, F. D’Ammando, G. neutrinos in highly inclined events at Meijerink, D. A. Riechers, P. Cox, Di Cocco, Y. Evangelista, M. Feroci, the Pierre Auger Observatory, 2011, A. Weiß, F. Walter: Water Vapor M. Galli, F. Gianotti, C. Labanti, I. Physical Review D, 84, 122005 Emission Reveals a Highly Obscured, Lapshov, F. Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, S. Star-forming Nuclear Region in the Mereghetti, E. Moretti, A. Morselli, 2. R. Mittal, C. P. O’Dea, G. Ferland, J. B. QSO Host Galaxy APM 08279+5255 L. Pacciani, A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, R. Oonk, A. C. Edge, R. E. A. Canning, at z = 3.9, 2011, The Astrophysical G. Piano, P. Picozza, M. Pilia, M. H. Russell, S. A. Baum, H. Böhringer, Journal Letters, 741, L38 Prest, M. Rapisarda, A. Rappoldi, F. Combes, M. Donahue, A. C. Fabian, S. Sabatini, P. Soffitta, E. Striani, E. N. A. Hatch, A. Hoffer, R. Johnstone, 8. E. Striani, M. Tavani, G. Piano, Vallazza, S. Vercellone, V. Vittorini, B. R. McNamara, P. Salomé, G. I. Donnarumma, G. Pucella, V. L. A. Antonelli, S. Cutini, C. Pittori, Tremblay: Herschel observations Vittorini, A. Bulgarelli, A. Trois, C. P. Santolamazza, F. Verrecchia, of the Centaurus cluster - the Pittori, F. Verrecchia, E. Costa, M. P. Giommi, L. Salotti: The AGILE dynamics of cold gas in a cool core, Weisskopf, A. Tennant, A. Argan, G. observations of the hard and bright 2011, Monthly Notices of the Royal Barbiellini, P. Caraveo, M. Cardillo, GRB 100724B, 2011, Astronomy and Astronomical Society, 418, 2386-2402 P. W. Cattaneo, A. W. Chen, G. De Astrophysics, 535, 120 Paris, E. Del Monte, G. Di Cocco, Y. 3. Slavko Bogdanov, Anne M. Evangelista, A. Ferrari, M. Feroci, 12. R. Morganti, J. Holt, C. Tadhunter, C. Archibald, Jason W. T. Hessels, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, F. Gianotti, A. Ramos Almeida, D. Dicken, K. Inskip, Victoria M. Kaspi, Duncan Lorimer, Giuliani, C. Labanti, I. Lapshov, F. T. Oosterloo, T. Tzioumis: PKS 1814- Maura A. McLaughlin, Scott M. Lazzarotto, F. Longo, M. Marisaldi, 637: a powerful radio-loud AGN in Ransom, Ingrid H. Stairs: A Chandra S. Mereghetti, A. Morselli, L. a disk galaxy, 2011, Astronomy and X-Ray Observation of the Binary Pacciani, A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, P. Astrophysics, 535, 97 Millisecond Pulsar PSR J1023+0038, Picozza, M. Pilia, M. Rapisarda, A. 2011, The Astrophysical Journal, 742, Rappoldi, S. Sabatini, P. Soffitta, M. 13. B. M. Gaensler, M. Haverkorn, B. 97 Trifoglio, S. Vercellone, F. Lucarelli, P. Burkhart, K. J. Newton-McGee, Santolamazza, P. Giommi: The Crab R. D. Ekers, A. Lazarian, N. M. 4. P. Abreu, ..[127 authors collapsed].., Nebula Super-flare in 2011 April: McClure-Griffiths, T. Robishaw, J. H. Falcke and [364 authors collapsed] Extremely Fast Particle Acceleration M. Dickey, A. J. Green: Low-Mach- : The Lateral Trigger Probability and Gamma-Ray Emission, 2011, The number turbulence in interstellar function for the Ultra-High Energy Astrophysical Journal Letters, 741, L5 gas revealed by radio polarization Cosmic Ray showers detected by gradients, 2011, Nature, 478, 214- the Pierre Auger Observatory, 2011, 9. D. Dicken, C. Tadhunter, D. Axon, 217 Astroparticle Physics, 35, 266-276 A. Robinson, R. Morganti, P. Kharb: Erratum: “The Origin of the Infrared 14. Sjoert van Velzen, Elmar Körding, 5. M. Cappellari, E. Emsellem, D. Emission in Radio Galaxies. III. Heino Falcke: Radio jets from stellar Krajnovic, R. M. McDermid, N. Scott, Analysis of 3CRR Objects” (2010, ApJ, tidal disruptions, 2011, Monthly G. A. Verdoes Kleijn, L. M. Young, K. 722, 1333), 2011, The Astrophysical Notices of the Royal Astronomical Alatalo, R. Bacon, L. Blitz, M. Bois, F. Journal, 741, 126 Society, 417, L51-L55 Bournaud, M. Bureau, R. L. Davies, T. A. Davis, P. T. de Zeeuw, P.-A. Duc, 10. I. Martí-Vidal, V. Tudose, Z. Paragi, J. 15. Timothy A. Davis, Katherine Alatalo, S. Khochfar, H. Kuntschner, P.-Y. Yang, J. M. Marcaide, J. C. Guirado, Marc Sarzi, Martin Bureau, Lisa M. Lablanche, R. Morganti, T. Naab, E. Ros, A. Alberdi, M. A. Pérez-Torres, Young, Leo Blitz, Paolo Serra, Alison T. Oosterloo, M. Sarzi, P. Serra, M. K. Argo, A. J. van der Horst, M. A. F. Crocker, Davor Krajnovic, 

50 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Richard M. McDermid, Maxime 18. David Mimoun, Mark A. Wieczorek, cluster radio emission and a high Bois, Frédéric Bournaud, Michele Leon Alkalai, W. Bruce Banerdt, pressure region detected through Cappellari, Roger L. Davies, Pierre- David Baratoux, Jean-Louis the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect, 2011, Alain Duc, P. Tim de Zeeuw, Eric Bougeret, Sylvain Bouley, Baptiste Astronomy and Astrophysics, 534, Emsellem, Sadegh Khochfar, Harald Cecconi, Heino Falcke, Joachim L12 Kuntschner, Pierre-Yves Lablanche, Flohrer, Raphael F. Garcia, Robert Raffaella Morganti, Thorsten Naab, Grimm, Matthias Grott, Leonid 23. Michele Cappellari, Eric Emsellem, Tom Oosterloo, Nicholas Scott, Gurvits, Ralf Jaumann, Catherine L. Davor Krajnovic, Richard M. Anne-Marie Weijmans: The ATLAS3D Johnson, Martin Knapmeyer, Naoki McDermid, Paolo Serra, Katherine project - X. On the origin of the Kobayashi, Alexander Konovalenko, Alatalo, Leo Blitz, Maxime Bois, molecular and ionized gas in early- David Lawrence, Mathieu Le Feuvre, Frédéric Bournaud, M. Bureau, Roger type galaxies, 2011, Monthly Notices Philippe Lognonné, Clive Neal, L. Davies, Timothy A. Davis, P. T. de of the Royal Astronomical Society, Jürgen Oberst, Nils Olsen, Huub Zeeuw, Sadegh Khochfar, Harald 417, 882-899 Röttgering, Tilman Spohn, Susanne Kuntschner, Pierre-Yves Lablanche, Vennerstrom, Graham Woan, Raffaella Morganti, Thorsten Naab, 16. Pierre-Alain Duc, Jean-Charles Philippe Zarka: Farside explorer: Tom Oosterloo, Marc Sarzi, Nicholas Cuillandre, Paolo Serra, Leo Michel- unique science from a mission to Scott, Anne-Marie Weijmans, Lisa Dansac, Etienne Ferriere, Katherine the farside of the moon, 2011, M. Young: The ATLAS3D project - Alatalo, Leo Blitz, Maxime Bois, Experimental Astronomy, , 122 VII. A new look at the morphology Frédéric Bournaud, Martin Bureau, of nearby galaxies: the kinematic Michele Cappellari, Roger L. Davies, 19. Laura K. Zschaechner, Richard J. morphology-density relation, Timothy A. Davis, P. T. de Zeeuw, Rand, George H. Heald, Gianfranco 2011, Monthly Notices of the Royal Eric Emsellem, Sadegh Khochfar, Gentile, Peter Kamphuis: HALOGAS: Astronomical Society, 416, 1680-1696 Davor Krajnovic, Harald Kuntschner, H I Observations and Modeling of  Pierre-Yves Lablanche, Richard M. the Nearby Edge-on Spiral Galaxy 24. Maxime Bois, Eric Emsellem, McDermid, Raffaella Morganti, NGC 4244, 2011, The Astrophysical Frédéric Bournaud, Katherine Thorsten Naab, Tom Oosterloo, Journal, 740, 35 Alatalo, Leo Blitz, Martin Bureau, Marc Sarzi, Nicholas Scott, Anne- Michele Cappellari, Roger L. Davies, Marie Weijmans, Lisa M. Young: The 20. Paolo Serra, Alexandre Amblard, Timothy A. Davis, P. T. de Zeeuw, ATLAS3D project - IX. The merger Pasquale Temi, Denis Burgarella, Pierre-Alain Duc, Sadegh Khochfar, origin of a fast- and a slow-rotating Elodie Giovannoli, Veronique Buat, Davor Krajnovic, Harald Kuntschner, early-type galaxy revealed with Stefan Noll, Stephen Im: CIGALEMC: Pierre-Yves Lablanche, Richard M. deep optical imaging: first results, Galaxy Parameter Estimation McDermid, Raffaella Morganti, 2011, Monthly Notices of the Royal Using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo Thorsten Naab, Tom Oosterloo, Astronomical Society, 417, 863-881 Approach with CIGALE, 2011, The Marc Sarzi, Nicholas Scott, Paolo Astrophysical Journal, 740, 22 Serra, Anne-Marie Weijmans, Lisa 17. Sadegh Khochfar, Eric Emsellem, M. Young: The ATLAS3D project - VI. Paolo Serra, Maxime Bois, Katherine 21. W. D. Apel, J. C. Arteaga, L. Bähren, Simulations of binary galaxy mergers Alatalo, R. Bacon, Leo Blitz, Frédéric K. Bekk, M. Bertaina, P. L. Biermann, and the link with fast rotators, slow Bournaud, M. Bureau, Michele J. Blümer, H. Bozdog, I. M. Brancus, rotators and kinematically distinct Cappellari, Roger L. Davies, Timothy P. Buchholz, S. Buitink, E. Cantoni, cores, 2011, Monthly Notices of the A. Davis, P. T. de Zeeuw, Pierre- A. Chiavassa, K. Daumiller, V. de Royal Astronomical Society, 416, Alain Duc, Davor Krajnovic, Harald Souza, F. Di Pierro, P. Doll, M. 1654-1679 Kuntschner, Pierre-Yves Lablanche, Ender, R. Engel, H. Falcke and [41 Richard M. McDermid, Raffaella authors collapsed] : Thunderstorm 25. M. Bellazzini, S. Perina, S. Galleti, Morganti, Thorsten Naab, Tom observations by air-shower radio T. Oosterloo: HST-ACS photometry Oosterloo, Marc Sarzi, Nicholas antenna arrays, 2011, Advances in of the isolated dwarf galaxy Scott, Anne-Marie Weijmans, Lisa Space Research, 48, 1295-1303 VV124=UGC 4879. Detection of M. Young: The ATLAS3D project the blue horizontal branch and - VIII. Modelling the formation 22. C. Ferrari, H. T. Intema, E. Orrù, F. identification of two young star and evolution of fast and slow Govoni, M. Murgia, B. Mason, H. clusters, 2011, Astronomy and rotator early-type galaxies within Bourdin, K. M. Asad, P. Mazzotta, Astrophysics, 533, 37 LambdaCDM, 2011, Monthly Notices M. W. Wise, T. Mroczkowski, of the Royal Astronomical Society, J. H. Croston: Discovery of the 26. F. G. Schröder, W. D. Apel, J. C. 417, 845-862 correspondence between intra- Arteaga, T. Asch, L. Bähren, K. Bekk, M. Bertaina, P. L. Biermann, 

51 ASTRON Annual report 2011 J. Blümer, H. Bozdog, I. M. Brancus, R. D. Ekers, J. B. Stevens, M. H. 37. R. van Haasteren, Y. Levin, G. H. P. Buchholz, S. Buitink, E. Cantoni, Wieringa, K. E. K. Coppin, C. N. Janssen, K. Lazaridis, M. Kramer, A. Chiavassa, K. Daumiller, V. de Tadhunter: CO observations of B. W. Stappers, G. Desvignes, M. B. Souza, P. Doll, R. Engel, H. Falcke high-z radio galaxies MRC 2104-242 Purver, A. G. Lyne, R. D. Ferdman, A. and [41 authors collapsed]: New and MRC 0943-242: spectral-line Jessner, I. Cognard, G. Theureau, N. measurements of cosmic ray air performance of the Compact Array D’Amico, A. Possenti, M. Burgay, A. showers with the digital radio Broadband Backend, 2011, Monthly Corongiu, J. W. T. Hessels, R. Smits, interferometer LOPES, 2011, Notices of the Royal Astronomical J. P. W. Verbiest: Placing limits on Astrophysics and Space Sciences Society, 415, 655-664 the stochastic gravitational-wave Transactions, 7, 303-306 background using European Pulsar 32. M. E. Bell, R. P. Fender, J. Swinbank, Timing Array data, 2011, Monthly 27. V. I. Zhuravlev, M. V. Popov, V. I. J. C. A. Miller-Jones, C. J. Law, B. Notices of the Royal Astronomical Kondrat’ev, Yu. Yu. Kovalev, F. Scheers, H. Spreeuw, M. W. Wise, B. Society, 414, 3117-3128 Ghigo, V. A. Soglasnov: Parameters W. Stappers, R. A. M. J. Wijers, J. W. of giant pulses from the Crab pulsar T. Hessels, J. Masters: An automated 38. Davor Krajnovic, Eric Emsellem, measured with the Mark5A VLBI archival Very Large Array transients Michele Cappellari, Katherine system, 2011, Astronomy Reports, 55, survey, 2011, Monthly Notices of the Alatalo, Leo Blitz, Maxime Bois, 724-732 Royal Astronomical Society, 415, 2-10 Frédéric Bournaud, Martin Bureau, 33. P. Kamphuis, R. F. Peletier, P. C. van Roger L. Davies, Timothy A. Davis, 28. S. Vercellone, E. Striani, V. Vittorini, I. der Kruit, G. H. Heald: Warp or lag? P. T. de Zeeuw, Sadegh Khochfar, Donnarumma, L. Pacciani, G. Pucella, The ionized and neutral hydrogen Harald Kuntschner, Pierre-Yves M. Tavani, C. M. Raiteri, M. Villata, gas in the edge-on dwarf galaxy Lablanche, Richard M. McDermid, P. Romano, M. Fiocchi, A. Bazzano, UGC 1281, 2011, Monthly Notices of Raffaella Morganti, Thorsten Naab, V. Bianchin, C. Ferrigno, L. Maraschi, the Royal Astronomical Society, 414, Tom Oosterloo, Marc Sarzi, Nicholas E. Pian, M. Türler, P. Ubertini, A. 3444-3457  Scott, Paolo Serra, Anne-Marie Bulgarelli, A. W. Chen, A. Giuliani, Weijmans, Lisa M. Young: The F. Longo, G. Barbiellini, M. Cardillo, 34. Hiroyuki Tashiro, Nabila Aghanim, ATLAS3D project - II. Morphologies, P. W. Cattaneo, E. Del Monte, Y. Mathieu Langer, Marian Douspis, kinemetric features and alignment Evangelista, M. Feroci, A. Ferrari, F. Saleem Zaroubi, Vibor Jelic: Second between photometric and kinematic Fuschino, F. Gianotti, M. Giusti, F. order cross-correlation between axes of early-type galaxies, 2011, Lazzarotto, A. Pellizzoni, G. Piano, kinetic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect and Monthly Notices of the Royal M. Pilia and [51 authors collapsed] 21-cm fluctuations from the epoch of Astronomical Society, 414, 2923-2949 : The Brightest Gamma-Ray Flaring reionization, 2011, Monthly Notices Blazar in the Sky: AGILE and Multi- of the Royal Astronomical Society, 39. F. Fuschino, M. Marisaldi, C. Labanti, wavelength Observations of 3C 454.3 414, 3424-3433 G. Barbiellini, E. Del Monte, A. During 2010 November, 2011, The Bulgarelli, M. Trifoglio, F. Gianotti, Astrophysical Journal Letters, 736, 35. K. J. Lee, N. Wex, M. Kramer, B. M. Galli, A. Argan, A. Trois, M. L38 W. Stappers, C. G. Bassa, G. H. Tavani, E. Moretti, A. Giuliani, F. Janssen, R. Karuppusamy, R. Smits: Longo, E. Costa, P. Caraveo, P. W. 29. M. Bellazzini, S. Perina, S. Galleti, Gravitational wave astronomy of Cattaneo, A. Chen, F. D’Ammando, T. Oosterloo: VI HST photometry single sources with a pulsar timing G. De Paris, G. Di Cocco, G. Di Persio, of VV124 = UGC4879 (Bellazzini+, array, 2011, Monthly Notices of the I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, 2011), 2011, VizieR Online Data Royal Astronomical Society, 414, M. Feroci, A. Ferrari, M. Fiorini, I. Catalog, 353, 39037 3251-3264 Lapshov, F. Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, S. Mereghetti, A. Morselli, L. Pacciani, 30. A. J. Levan, ..[55 authors collapsed].., 36. K. Lazaridis, J. P. W. Verbiest, T. M. A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, P. Picozza, R. G. Strom, J. C. Tello, O. Vaduvescu, Tauris, B. W. Stappers, M. Kramer, G. Piano, M. Pilia, M. Prest, G. P. J. Wheatley, R. A. M. J. Wijers, J. N. Wex, A. Jessner, I. Cognard, G. Pucella, M. Rapisarda, A. Rappoldi, M. Winters, D. Xu: An Extremely Desvignes, G. H. Janssen, M. B. A. Rubini, S. Sabatini, P. Soffitta, E. Luminous Panchromatic Outburst Purver, G. Theureau, C. G. Bassa, R. Striani, E. Vallazza, S. Vercellone, V. from the Nucleus of a Distant Galaxy, Smits: Evidence for gravitational Vittorini, A. Zambra, D. Zanello, L. A. 2011, Science, 333, 199- quadrupole moment variations in Antonelli, S. Colafrancesco, S. Cutini, the companion of PSR J2051-0827, P. Giommi, F. Lucarelli, C. Pittori, P. 31. B. H. C. Emonts, R. P. Norris, I. Feain, 2011, Monthly Notices of the Royal Santolamazza, F. Verrecchia,  G. Miley, E. M. Sadler, M. Villar- Astronomical Society, 414, 3134-3144 Martín, M. Y. Mao, T. A. Oosterloo,

52 ASTRON Annual report 2011 L. Salotti: High spatial resolution subdwarf B stars, 2011, Astronomy 51. Eric Emsellem, Michele Cappellari, correlation of AGILE TGFs and and Astrophysics, 531, 125 Davor Krajnovic, Katherine Alatalo, global lightning activity above the Leo Blitz, Maxime Bois, Frédéric equatorial belt, 2011, Geophysical 46. J. P. McKean, A. Berciano Alba, F. Bournaud, Martin Bureau, Roger Research Letters, 38, 14806 Volino, V. Tudose, M. A. Garrett, A. L. Davies, Timothy A. Davis, P. T. de F. Loenen, Z. Paragi, O. Wucknitz: A Zeeuw, Sadegh Khochfar, Harald 40. J. Aleksic, ..[100 authors collapsed].., new perspective on the submillimetre Kuntschner, Pierre-Yves Lablanche, M. Pilia and [50 authors collapsed] galaxy MM 18423+5938 at redshift Richard M. McDermid, Raffaella : A Search for Very High Energy 3.9296 from radio continuum imaging, Morganti, Thorsten Naab, Tom Gamma-Ray Emission from Scorpius 2011, Monthly Notices of the Royal Oosterloo, Marc Sarzi, Nicholas X-1 with the Magic Telescopes, 2011, Astronomical Society, 414, L11-L15 Scott, Paolo Serra, Glenn van de The Astrophysical Journal Letters, Ven, Anne-Marie Weijmans, Lisa 735, L5 47. S. Kazemi, S. Yatawatta, S. Zaroubi, M. Young: The ATLAS3D project - P. Lampropoulos, A. G. de Bruyn, L. III. A census of the stellar angular 41. David R. Thompson, Kiri L. Wagstaff, V. E. Koopmans, J. Noordam: Radio momentum within the effective Walter F. Brisken, Adam T. Deller, interferometric calibration using radius of early-type galaxies: Walid A. Majid, Steven J. Tingay, the SAGE algorithm, 2011, Monthly unveiling the distribution of fast and Randall B. Wayth: Detection of Notices of the Royal Astronomical slow rotators, 2011, Monthly Notices Fast Radio Transients with Multiple Society, 414, 1656-1666 of the Royal Astronomical Society, Stations: A Case Study Using the 414, 888-912 Very Long Baseline Array, 2011, The 48. Timothy A. Davis, Martin Bureau, Lisa Astrophysical Journal, 735, 98 M. Young, Katherine Alatalo, Leo Blitz, 52. J. Aleksic, ..[99 authors collapsed].., 42. Randall B. Wayth, Walter F. Brisken, Michele Cappellari, Nicholas Scott, M. Pilia and [54 authors collapsed] Adam T. Deller, Walid A. Majid, Maxime Bois, Fréeéric Bournaud, : Searches for dark matter David R. Thompson, Steven J. Tingay, Roger L. Davies, P. Tim de Zeeuw, Eric annihilation signatures in the Kiri L. Wagstaff: V-FASTR: The VLBA Emsellem, Sadegh Khochfar, Davor Segue 1 satellite galaxy with the Fast Radio Transients Experiment, Krajnovic, Harald Kuntschner, Pierre- MAGIC-I telescope, 2011, Journal 2011, The Astrophysical Journal, 735, Yves Lablanche, Richard M. McDermid, of Cosmology and Astro-Particle 97 Raffaella Morganti, Thorsten Naab, Physics, 06, 035 Tom Oosterloo, Marc Sarzi, Paolo 43. K. Alatalo, L. Blitz, L. M. Young, T. Serra, Anne-Marie Weijmans: The 53. S. Thoudam, G. V. Aar, M. V. D. A. Davis, M. Bureau, L. A. Lopez, M. ATLAS3D project - V. The CO Tully- Akker, L. Bähren, A. Corstanje, H. Cappellari, N. Scott, K. L. Shapiro, Fisher relation of early-type galaxies, Falcke, J. R. Hörandel, A. Horneffer, A. F. Crocker, S. Martín, M. Bois, F. 2011, Monthly Notices of the Royal C. James, M. Mevius, O. Scholten, Bournaud, R. L. Davies, P. T. de Zeeuw, Astronomical Society, 414, 968-984 K. Singh, S. Ter Veen: An air shower P.-A. Duc, E. Emsellem, J. Falcón- array for LOFAR: LORA, 2011, Barroso, S. Khochfar, D. Krajnovic, 50. Lisa M. Young, Martin Bureau, Astrophysics and Space Sciences H. Kuntschner, P.-Y. Lablanche, R. Timothy A. Davis, Francoise Combes, Transactions, 7, 195-199 M. McDermid, R. Morganti, T. Naab, Richard M. McDermid, Katherine T. Oosterloo, M. Sarzi, P. Serra, A. Alatalo, Leo Blitz, Maxime Bois, 54. J. H. Croston, M. J. Hardcastle, B. Weijmans: Discovery of an Active Frédéric Bournaud, Michele Mingo, D. A. Evans, D. Dicken, Galactic Nucleus Driven Molecular Cappellari, Roger L. Davies, P. T. R. Morganti, C. N. Tadhunter: A Outflow in the Local Early-type Galaxy de Zeeuw, Eric Emsellem, Sadegh Large-scale Shock Surrounding a NGC 1266, 2011, The Astrophysical Khochfar, Davor Krajnovic, Harald Powerful Radio Galaxy?, 2011, The Journal, 735, 88 Kuntschner, Pierre-Yves Lablanche, Astrophysical Journal Letters, 734, Raffaella Morganti, Thorsten Naab, L28 44. Yoshiaki Hagiwara, Willem A. Baan, Tom Oosterloo, Marc Sarzi, Nicholas Hans-Rainer Klöckner: Very Long Scott, Paolo Serra, Anne-Marie 55. B. H. C. Emonts, I. Feain, M. Y. Mao, Baseline Interferometry Observations Weijmans: The ATLAS3D project - IV. R. P. Norris, G. Miley, R. D. Ekers, M. of NGC 6240: Resolving the Double The molecular gas content of early- Villar-Martín, H. J. A. Röttgering, E. Nuclei and Radio Supernovae, 2011, type galaxies, 2011, Monthly Notices M. Sadler, G. Rees, R. Morganti, D. J. The Astronomical Journal, 142, 17 of the Royal Astronomical Society, Saikia, T. A. Oosterloo, J. B. Stevens, 414, 940-967 C. N. Tadhunter: Molecular CO(1-0) 45. T. Coenen, J. van Leeuwen, I. H. Stairs: Gas in the z ~ 2 Radio Galaxy MRC A search for radio pulsations from 0152-209, 2011, The Astrophysical neutron star companions of four Journal Letters, 734, L25 

53 ASTRON Annual report 2011 56. S. Portegies Zwart, E. P. J. van G. Polatidis, T. Wiklind, P. Francis, PSR B1259-63/LS 2883, 2011, The den Heuvel, J. van Leeuwen, G. G. Langston: Redshifted H I and OH Astrophysical Journal Letters, 732, Nelemans: The Formation of the absorption in radio galaxies and L10 Eccentric-orbit Millisecond Pulsar quasars, 2011, Monthly Notices of J1903+0327 and the Origin of the Royal Astronomical Society, 413, 64. B. Knispel, P. Lazarus, B. Allen, D. Single Millisecond Pulsars, 2011, The 1165-1173 Anderson, C. Aulbert, N. D. R. Bhat, Astrophysical Journal, 734, 55 O. Bock, S. Bogdanov, A. Brazier, F. 60. Michele Cappellari, Eric Emsellem, Camilo, S. Chatterjee, J. M. Cordes, F. 57. B. W. Stappers, J. W. T. Hessels, A. Davor Krajnovic, Richard M. Crawford, J. S. Deneva, G. Desvignes, Alexov, K. Anderson, T. Coenen, McDermid, Nicholas Scott, G. A. H. Fehrmann, P. C. C. Freire, D. T. Hassall, A. Karastergiou, V. I. Verdoes Kleijn, Lisa M. Young, Hammer, J. W. T. Hessels, F. A. Kondratiev, M. Kramer, J. van Katherine Alatalo, R. Bacon, Jenet, V. M. Kaspi, M. Kramer, J. van Leeuwen, J. D. Mol, A. Noutsos, J. W. Leo Blitz, Maxime Bois, Frédéric Leeuwen, D. R. Lorimer, A. G. Lyne, Romein, P. Weltevrede, R. Fender, R. Bournaud, M. Bureau, Roger L. B. Machenschalk, M. A. McLaughlin, A. M. J. Wijers, L. Bähren, M. E. Bell, Davies, Timothy A. Davis, P. T. de C. Messenger, D. J. Nice, M. A. Papa, J. Broderick, E. J. Daw, V. S. Dhillon, Zeeuw, Pierre-Alain Duc, Sadegh H. J. Pletsch, R. Prix, S. M. Ransom, X. J. Eislöffel, H. Falcke, J. Griessmeier, Khochfar, Harald Kuntschner, Pierre- Siemens, I. H. Stairs, B. W. Stappers, C. Law, S. Markoff, J. C. A. Miller- Yves Lablanche, Raffaella Morganti, K. Stovall, A. Venkataraman: Arecibo Jones, B. Scheers, H. Spreeuw, J. Thorsten Naab, Tom Oosterloo, PALFA Survey and Einstein@Home: Swinbank, S. Ter Veen, M. W. Wise, Marc Sarzi, Paolo Serra, Anne-Marie Binary Pulsar Discovery by Volunteer O. Wucknitz, P. Zarka, J. Anderson, Weijmans: The ATLAS3D project - I. A Computing, 2011, The Astrophysical A. Asgekar, I. M. Avruch, R. Beck, P. volume-limited sample of 260 nearby Journal Letters, 732, L1 Bennema, M. J. Bentum, P. Best, J. early-type galaxies: science goals Bregman, M. Brentjens, R. H. van de and selection criteria, 2011, Monthly 65. K. W. Cavagnolo, B. R. McNamara, M. Brink, P. C. Broekema, W. N. Brouw, Notices of the Royal Astronomical W. Wise, P. E. J. Nulsen, M. Brüggen, M. Brüggen, A. G. de Bruyn, H. R. Society, 413, 813-836 M. Gitti, D. A. Rafferty: A Powerful Butcher, B. Ciardi, J. Conway, R.-J. AGN Outburst in RBS 797, 2011, The Dettmar, A. van Duin, J. van Enst, M. 61. Z. Cano, ..[63 authors collapsed].., Astrophysical Journal, 732, 71 Garrett, M. Gerbers, T. Grit, A. Gunst, R. G. Strom, N. R. Tanvir, Y. Tsapras, M. P. van Haarlem, J. P. Hamaker, Y. Urata, O. Vaduvescu, A. Volnova, 66. Myriam Gitti, Paul E. J. Nulsen, G. Heald, M. Hoeft, H. Holties, A. A. Volvach, R. A. M. J. Wijers, S. E. Laurence P. David, Brian R. Horneffer, L. V. E. Koopmans, G. Woosley, D. R. Young: A tale of two McNamara, Michael W. Wise: A Kuper, M. Loose, P. Maat, D. McKay- GRB-SNe at a common redshift of Chandra Study of the Large-scale Bukowski, J. P. McKean, G. Miley, R. z=0.54, 2011, Monthly Notices of the Shock and Cool Filaments in Hydra Morganti, R. Nijboer, J. E. Noordam, Royal Astronomical Society, 413, 669- A: Evidence for Substantial Gas M. Norden, H. Olofsson, M. Pandey- 685 Dredge-up by the Central Outburst, Pommier, A. Polatidis, W. Reich, H. 2011, The Astrophysical Journal, 732, Röttgering, A. Schoenmakers, J. 62. V. Vittorini, M. Tavani, G. Pucella, 13 Sluman, O. Smirnov, M. Steinmetz, C. E. Striani, I. Donnarumma, P. G. M. Sterks, M. Tagger, Y. Tang, R. Caraveo, A. Giuliani, S. Mereghetti, 67. P. Castangia, C. M. V. Impellizzeri, J. Vermeulen, N. Vermaas, C. Vogt, M. A. Pellizzoni, A. Trois, A. Ferrari, P. McKean, C. Henkel, A. Brunthaler, de Vos, S. J. Wijnholds, S. Yatawatta, G. Barbiellini, A. Bulgarelli, P. A. L. Roy, O. Wucknitz, J. Ott, E. A. Zensus: Observing pulsars and W. Cattaneo, S. Colafrancesco, Momjian: Water vapour at high fast transients with LOFAR, 2011, E. Del Monte, Y. Evangelista, F. redshift: Arecibo monitoring of the Astronomy and Astrophysics, 530, 80 Lazzarotto, L. Pacciani, M. Pilia, C. megamaser in MG J0414+0534, 2011, Pittori: Spectral Evolution of the Astronomy and Astrophysics, 529, 58. J. Aleksic, ..[94 authors collapsed].., 2010 September Gamma-ray Flare 150 M. Pilia and [50 authors collapsed] from the Crab Nebula, 2011, The : MAGIC Observations and Astrophysical Journal Letters, 732, 68. F. D’Ammando, C. M. Raiteri, M. multiwavelength properties of the L22 Villata, P. Romano, G. Pucella, H. quasar 3C 279 in 2007 and 2009, A. Krimm, S. Covino, M. Orienti, G. 2011, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 63. Javier Moldón, Simon Johnston, Giovannini, S. Vercellone, E. Pian, I. 530, 4 Marc Ribó, Josep M. Paredes, Adam Donnarumma, V. Vittorini, M. Tavani, T. Deller: Discovery of Extended A. Argan, G. Barbiellini, F. Boffelli, A. 59. S. J. Curran, M. T. Whiting, M. T. and Variable Radio Structure from Bulgarelli, P. Caraveo,  Murphy, J. K. Webb, C. Bignell, A. the Gamma-ray Binary System

54 ASTRON Annual report 2011 P. W. Cattaneo, A. W. Chen, V. Cocco, Royal Astronomical Society, 412, 82. Neelam Gupta, Philip R. Ashe, E. Costa, E. Del Monte, G. de Paris, G. 2641-2652 Songsheng Tan: Miniature snapshot Di Cocco, Y. Evangelista, M. Feroci, 74. R. Chen, B. Peng, R. G. Strom, J. Wei: multispectral imager, 2011, Optical A. Ferrari, M. Fiorini, T. Froysland, Group galaxies around giant radio Engineering, 50, 3203 M. Frutti, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, F. galaxy NGC 6251, 2011, Monthly Gianotti, A. Giuliani, C. Labanti, I. Notices of the Royal Astronomical 83. J. Aleksic, ..[95 authors collapsed].., Lapshov, F. Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, F. Society, 412, 2433-2444 M. Pilia and [52 authors collapsed] Longo, M. Marisaldi, S. Mereghetti, : MAGIC Discovery of Very High A. Morselli, L. Pacciani, A. Pellizzoni, 75. C. Tadhunter, J. Holt, R. González Energy Emission from the FSRQ PKS F. Perotti, G. Piano, P. Picozza, M. Delgado, J. Rodríguez Zaurín, 1222+21, 2011, The Astrophysical Pilia and [65 authors collapsed] M. Villar-Martín, R. Morganti, B. Journal Letters, 730, L8 : AGILE detection of extreme Emonts, C. Ramos Almeida, K. Inskip: gamma-ray activity from the blazar Starburst radio galaxies: general 84. P. Abreu, ..[120 authors collapsed].., PKS 1510-089 during March 2009. properties, evolutionary histories H. Falcke and [348 authors Multifrequency analysis, 2011, and triggering, 2011, Monthly collapsed] : Search for first harmonic Astronomy and Astrophysics, 529, Notices of the Royal Astronomical modulation in the right ascension 145 Society, 412, 960-978 distribution of cosmic rays detected at the Pierre Auger Observatory, 69. W. Zhao, X.-Y. Hong, T. An, D.-R. 76. J. P. McKean: The final candidate 2011, Astroparticle Physics, 34, 627- Jiang, J.-H. Zhao, L. I. Gurvits, J. from the JVAS/CLASS search for 6-15 639 Yang: Radio structure of the blazar arcsec image separation lensing, 1156 + 295 with sub-pc resolution, 2011, Monthly Notices of the Royal 85. M. Bellazzini, G. Beccari, T. A. 2011, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomical Society, 412, 900-904 Oosterloo, S. Galleti, A. Sollima, 529, 113 77. C. J. Law, M. A. Brentjens, G. Novak: M. Correnti, V. Testa, L. Mayer, M. A Constraint on the Organization of Cignoni, F. Fraternali, S. Gallozzi: 70. R. Chen, B. Peng, R. G. Strom, J. Wei, the Galactic Center Magnetic Field An optical and H i study of the Y. Zhao: Giant radio galaxy DA 240 Using Faraday Rotation, 2011, The dwarf Local Group galaxy VV124 = group: content and environment, Astrophysical Journal, 731, 36  UGC4879. A gas-poor dwarf with a 2011, Astronomy and Astrophysics, stellar disk?, 2011, Astronomy and 529, 5 78. Joeri van Leeuwen: Neutron stars Astrophysics, 527, 58 71. P. Abreu, ..[120 authors collapsed].., and gamma-ray bursts with LOFAR, H. Falcke and [348 authors 2011, Advances in Space Research, 86. S. Martín, M. Krips, J. Martín- collapsed] : Advanced functionality 47, 1441-1443 Pintado, S. Aalto, J.-H. Zhao, A. B. for radio analysis in the Offline Peck, G. R. Petitpas, R. Monje, T. software framework of the Pierre 79. R. Smits, S. J. Tingay, N. Wex, M. R. Greve, T. An: The Submillimeter Auger Observatory, 2011, Nuclear Kramer, B. Stappers: Prospects for Array 1.3 mm line survey of Arp 220, Instruments and Methods in Physics accurate distance measurements of 2011, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Research A, 635, 92-102 pulsars with the Square Kilometre 527, 36 Array: Enabling fundamental physics, 72. P. C. C. Freire, C. G. Bassa, N. Wex, 2011, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 87. M. Tavani, A. Bulgarelli, V. Vittorini, I. H. Stairs, D. J. Champion, S. M. 528, 108 A. Pellizzoni, E. Striani, P. Caraveo, Ransom, P. Lazarus, V. M. Kaspi, J. W. M. C. Weisskopf, A. Tennant, T. Hessels, M. Kramer, J. M. Cordes, J. 80. M. Haverkorn, V. Heesen: Magnetic G. Pucella, A. Trois, E. Costa, Y. P. W. Verbiest, P. Podsiadlowski, D. J. Fields in Galactic Haloes, 2011, Space Evangelista, C. Pittori, F. Verrecchia, Nice, J. S. Deneva, D. R. Lorimer, B. W. Science Reviews, , 112 E. Del Monte, R. Campana, M. Stappers, M. A. McLaughlin, F. Camilo: Pilia and [51 authors collapsed] : On the nature and evolution of the 81. A. T. Deller, W. F. Brisken, C. J. Discovery of Powerful Gamma-Ray unique binary pulsar J1903+0327, Phillips, J. Morgan, W. Alef, R. Flares from the Crab Nebula, 2011, 2011, Monthly Notices of the Royal Cappallo, E. Middelberg, J. Romney, Science, 331, 736- Astronomical Society, 412, 2763-2780 H. Rottmann, S. J. Tingay, R. Wayth: DiFX-2: A More Flexible, Efficient, 88. E. F. van Dishoeck, L. E. Kristensen, 73. S. Jones, I. McHardy, D. Moss, N. Robust, and Powerful Software A. O. Benz, E. A. Bergin, P. Caselli, Seymour, E. Breedt, P. 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55 ASTRON Annual report 2011 F. Wyrowski, Y. Aikawa, R. Bachiller, 91. L. Pacciani, A. Bulgarelli, A. W. Chen, 93. J. R. Hörandel, W. D. Apel, J. C. A. Baudry, M. Benedettini, P. Bjerkeli, F. D’Ammando, I. Donnarumma, A. Arteaga, T. Asch, F. Badea, L. G. A. Blake, S. Bontemps, J. Braine, Giuliani, F. Longo, G. Pucella, M. Bähren, K. Bekk, M. Bertaina, P. L. C. Brinch, S. Bruderer, L. Chavarría, C. Tavani, S. Vercellone, V. Vittorini, A. Biermann, J. Blümer, H. Bozdog, Codella, F. Daniel, Th. de Graauw, E. Argan, G. Barbiellini, F. Boffelli, P. I. M. Brancus, M. Brüggemann, P. Deul, A. M. di Giorgio, C. Dominik, S. Caraveo, P. W. Cattaneo, V. Cocco, E. Buchholz, S. Buitink, E. Cantoni, A. D. Doty, M. L. Dubernet, P. Encrenaz, Costa, G. de Paris, E. Del Monte, G. Chiavassa, F. Cossavella, K. Daumiller, H. Feuchtgruber, M. Fich, W. Di Cocco, Y. Evangelista, A. Ferrari, V. de Souza, F. di Pierro, P. Doll, M. Frieswijk and [34 authors collapsed] M. Feroci, M. Fiorini, T. Froysland, Ender, R. Engel, H. Falcke and [50 : Water in Star-forming Regions F. Fuschino, M. Galli, F. Gianotti, C. authors collapsed]: Measurement with the Herschel Space Observatory Labanti, I. Lapshov, F. Lazzarotto, P. of radio emission from extensive air (WISH). I. Overview of Key Program Lipari, M. Marisaldi, M. Mastropietro, showers with LOPES, 2011, Nuclear and First Results, 2011, Publications S. Mereghetti, E. Morelli, E. Moretti, Instruments and Methods in Physics of the Astronomical Society of the A. Morselli, A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, Research A, 630, 171-176 Pacific, 123, 138-170 G. Piano, P. Picozza, M. Pilia, G. Porrovecchio, M. Prest, M. Rapisarda, 94. E. Del Monte, G. Barbiellini, F. 89. P. W. Cattaneo, ..[51 authors A. Rappoldi, A. Rubini, S. Sabatini, Fuschino, A. Giuliani, F. Longo, M. collapsed].., M. Pilia, G. Porrovecchio, P. Soffitta, M. Trifoglio, A. Trois, E. Marisaldi, S. Mereghetti, E. Moretti, M. Rapisarda, A. Rubini, S. Sabatini, Vallazza, A. Zambra, D. Zanello, L. M. Trifoglio, G. Vianello, E. Costa, P. Soffitta, E. Striani, V. Vittorini, A. Antonelli, S. Colafrancesco, P. I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, D. Zanello, S. Colafrancesco, P. Giommi, C. Pittori, F. Verrecchia, M. Feroci, M. Gallil, I. Lapshov, F. Giommi, C. Pittori, P. Santolamazza, P. Santolamazza, L. Salotti: The Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, L. Pacciani, M. F. Verrecchia, L. Salotti: First results flaring blazars of the first 1.5 years Rapisarda, P. Soffitta, M. Tavani, S. about on-ground calibration of the of the AGILE mission, 2011, Nuclear Vercellone, S. Cutini, F. Boffelli, A. silicon tracker for the AGILE satellite, Instruments and Methods in Physics Bulgarelli, P. Caraveo, P. W. Cattaneo, 2011, Nuclear Instruments and Research A, 630, 198-201 A. Chen, G. Di Cocco, F. Gianotti, C. Methods in Physics Research A, 630, Labanti, A. Morselli, A. Pellizzoni, F. 251-257 92. S. Sabatini, M. Tavani, E. Pian, A. Perotti, G. Piano, P. Picozza, M. Pilia, Bulgarelli, P. Caraveo, R. Viotti, M. M. Prest, G. Pucella, A. Rappoldi, 90. A. Rappoldi, F. Longo, A. Argan, G. F. Corcoran, A. Giuliani, C. Pittori, S. Sabatini, E. Striani, A. Trois, E. Barbiellini, F. Boffelli, A. Bulgarelli, P. F. Verrecchia, S. Vercellone, S. Vallazza, V. Vittorini, L. A. Antonelli, Caraveo, P. W. Cattaneo, A. W. Chen, Mereghetti, A. Argan, G. Barbiellini, C. Pittori, B. Preger, P. Santolamazza, V. Cocco, S. Colafrancesco, E. Costa, F. Boffelli, P. W. Cattaneo, A. W. Chen, F. Verrecchia, P. Giommi, L. Salotti: F. D’ Ammando, G. de Paris, E. Del V. Cocco, F. D’Ammando, E. Costa, G. The observation of gamma ray Monte, G. Di Cocco, I. Donnarumma, De Paris, E. Del Monte, G. Di Cocco, bursts and terrestrial gamma-ray Y. Evangelista, A. Ferrari, M. Feroci, I. Donnarumma, Y. Evangelista, flashes with AGILE, 2011, Nuclear M. Fiorini, T. Froysland, F. Fuschino, A. Ferrari, M. Feroci, M. Fiorini, Instruments and Methods in Physics M. Galli, F. Gianotti, P. Giommi, A. T. Froysland, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, Research A, 630, 155-158 Giuliani, C. Labanti, I. Lapshov, F. F. Gianotti, C. Labanti, I. Lapshov, Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, M. Marisaldi, F. Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, F. Longo, 95. J. P. McKean, C. M. V. Impellizzeri, M. Mastropietro, S. Mereghetti, E. M. Marisaldi, M. Mastropietro, E. A. L. Roy, P. Castangia, F. Samuel, A. Morelli, E. Moretti, A. Morselli, L. Morelli, E. Moretti, A. Morselli, L. Brunthaler, C. Henkel, O. Wucknitz: Pacciani, A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, G. Pacciani, A. Pellizzoni, F. Perotti, A search for gravitationally lensed Piano, P. Picozza, M. Pilia, C. Pittori, G. Piano, P. Picozza, M. Pilia, G. water masers in dusty quasars and G. Porrovecchio, M. Prest, G. Pucella, Porrovecchio, G. Pucella, M. Prest, star-forming galaxies, 2011, Monthly M. Rapisarda, A. Rubini, S. Sabatini, M. Rapisarda, A. Rappoldi, A. Rubini, Notices of the Royal Astronomical L. Salotti, P. Santolamazza, P. Soffitta, P. Soffitta, M. Trifoglio, A. Trois, E. Society, 410, 2506-2515 E. Striani, M. Tavani, M. Trifoglio, Vallazza, V. Vittorini, A. Zambra, D. A. Trois, E. Vallazza, F. Verrecchia, S. Zanello, P. Santolamazza, P. Giommi, Vercellone, V. Vittorini, A. Zambra, S. Colafrancesco, L. A. Antonelli, Astronomer’s Telegrams and CGNs and other D. Zanello: Preliminary results on L. Salotti: Galactic sources science professional publications 2011 TeV sources search with AGILE, 2011, with AGILE: The case of the Carina Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Region, 2011, Nuclear Instruments 1. M. Cardillo, E. Striani, F. Verrecchia, Physics Research A, 630, 202-205 and Methods in Physics Research A, M. Tavani, G. Piano, F. Lucarelli, S. 630, 193-197 Vercellone, I. Donnarumma, 

56 ASTRON Annual report 2011 A. Bulgarelli, F. Gianotti, M. Trifoglio, Giuliani, S. Mereghetti, P. Caraveo, F. Gianotti, M. Trifoglio, A. Argan, A. Chen, A. Giuliani, S. Mereghetti, P. F. Perotti, F. D’Ammando, E. Del A. Trois, G. de Paris, E. Costa, I. Caraveo, F. Perotti, F. D’Ammando, E. Monte, Y. Evangelista, M. Feroci, F. Donnarumma, M. Feroci, L. Pacciani, Del Monte, Y. Evangelista, M. Feroci, Lazzarotto, L. Pacciani, P. Soffitta, E. Del Monte, F. Lazzarotto, P. F. Lazzarotto, L. Pacciani, P. Soffitta, E. Costa, I. Lapshov, M. Rapisarda, Soffitta, Y. Evangelista, I. Lapshov, E. Costa, I. Lapshov, M. Rapisarda, A. Argan, G. Piano, G. Pucella, S. V. Vittorini, M. Giusti, P. Caraveo, A. A. Argan, G. Pucella, S. Sabatini, Sabatini, A. Trois, V. Vittorini, F. Chen, A. Giuliani, S. Mereghetti, F. A. Trois, V. Vittorini, F. Fuschino, Fuschino, M. Galli, C. Labanti, M. Perotti, M. Marisaldi, G. Di Cocco, M. Galli, C. Labanti, M. Marisaldi, Marisaldi, G. Di Cocco, A. Pellizzoni, C. Labanti, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, G. G. Di Cocco, A. Pellizzoni, M. Pilia, M. Pilia, G. Barbiellini, F. Longo, E. Pucella, M. Rapisarda, S. Vercellone, G. Barbiellini, F. Longo, E. Moretti, Moretti, E. Vallazza, A. Morselli, F. D’Ammando, A. Pellizzoni, M. Pilia, E. Vallazza, A. Morselli, P. Picozza, P. Picozza, M. Cardillo, E. Striani, G. Barbiellini, F. Longo, P. Picozza, M. Prest, P. Lipari, D. Zanello, P. W. M. Prest, P. Lipari, D. Zanello, P. W. A. Morselli, M. Prest, P. Lipari, D. Cattaneo, A. Rappoldi, C. Pittori, P. Cattaneo, A. Rappoldi, C. Pittori, Zanello, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Rappoldi, Santolamazza, P. Giommi, L. Salotti, P. Santolamazza, F. Verrecchia, P. P. Giommi, P. Santolamazza, G. G. Valentini: Gamma-ray activity of Giommi, L. Salotti, G. Valentini: Valentini, L. Salotti: AGILE detection the blazar PKS 0402-362 detected AGILE detects enhanced gamma- of enhanced gamma-ray emission by AGILE, 2011, The Astronomer’s ray emission from BZQ J1512- from BL Lacertae, 2011, The Telegram, 3658, 1 0905 (PKS1510-089), 2011, The Astronomer’s Telegram, 3387, 1 Astronomer’s Telegram, 3470, 1 2. R. Wijnands, Y. J. Yang, N. Degenaar, 8. G. Piano, M. Tavani, A. Bulgarelli, D. Altamirano, V. Tudose, C. O. 5. M. Pilia, A. Treves, A. Pellizzoni, E. Striani, M. Cardillo, S. Sabatini, Heinke: The transient IGR J17361- A. Trois, S. Motta: Observation of F. Gianotti, M. Trifoglio, C. Pittori, 4441 in the globular cluster NGC Gamma-Ray Emission from PSR F. Verrecchia, F. Lucarelli, A. Argan, 6388: an unusual very-faint transient J2022+3842, 2011, The Astronomer’s A. Trois, G. de Paris, E. Costa, I. X-ray binary or an outburst from an Telegram, 3466, 1 Donnarumma, M. Feroci, L. Pacciani, intermediate-mass black hole, 2011, E. Del Monte, F. Lazzarotto, P. The Astronomer’s Telegram, 3595, 1 6. F. Lucarelli, G. Piano, F. Verrecchia, Soffitta, Y. Evangelista, I. Lapshov, S. Vercellone, M. Tavani, I. V. Vittorini, M. Giusti, P. Caraveo, A. 3. A. Bulgarelli, C. Pittori, F. Verrecchia, Donnarumma, A. Bulgarelli, F. Chen, A. Giuliani, S. Mereghetti, F. M. Tavani, F. Gianotti, M. Trifoglio, A. Gianotti, M. Trifoglio, A. Chen, A. Perotti, M. Marisaldi, G. Di Cocco, Chen, F. Lucarelli, E. Striani, G. Piano, Giuliani, S. Mereghetti, P. Caraveo, F. C. Labanti, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, G. S. Vercellone, I. Donnarumma, A. Perotti, F. D’Ammando, E. Del Monte, Pucella, M. Rapisarda, S. Vercellone, Giuliani, S. Mereghetti, P. Caraveo, F. Y. Evangelista, M. Feroci, F. F. D’Ammando, A. Pellizzoni, M. Pilia, Perotti, E. Del Monte, Y. Evangelista, Lazzarotto, L. Pacciani, P. Soffitta, G. Barbiellini, F. Longo, P. Picozza, M. Feroci, F. Lazzarotto, L. Pacciani, E. Costa, I. Lapshov, M. Rapisarda, A. Morselli, M. Prest, P. Lipari, D. P. Soffitta, E. Costa, I. Lapshov, M. A. Argan, G. Pucella, S. Sabatini, Zanello, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Rappoldi, Rapisarda, A. Argan, G. Pucella, A. Trois, V. Vittorini, F. Fuschino, P. Giommi, P. Santolamazza, G. S. Sabatini, A. Trois, V. Vittorini, F. M. Galli, C. Labanti, M. Marisaldi, Valentini, L. Salotti: Enhanced Fuschino, M. Galli, C. Labanti, M. G. Di Cocco, A. Pellizzoni, M. Pilia, gamma-ray emission detected by Marisaldi, G. Di Cocco, A. Pellizzoni, G. Barbiellini, F. Longo, E. Moretti, AGILE from the Cygnus X-3 region, M. Pilia, G. Barbiellini, F. Longo, E. Vallazza, A. Morselli, P. Picozza, 2011, The Astronomer’s Telegram, E. Vallazza, A. Morselli, P. Picozza, M. Cardillo, E. Striani, M. Prest, P. 3386, 1 M. Cardillo, M. Prest, P. Lipari, D. Lipari, D. Zanello, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Zanello, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Rappoldi, Rappoldi, C. Pittori, P. Santolamazza, 9. F. Lucarelli, G. Piano, F. Verrecchia, P. Santolamazza, P. Giommi, L. S. Colafrancesco, P. Giommi, L. C. Pittori, M. Tavani, A. Bulgarelli, Salotti, G. Valentini: AGILE detects Salotti, G. Valentini: AGILE detects F. Gianotti, M. Trifoglio, A. Chen, A. enhanced gamma-ray emission enhanced gamma-ray emission Giuliani, S. Mereghetti, P. Caraveo, F. from a new unidentified source AGL from the region of the Narrow-Line Perotti, F. D’Ammando, S. Vercellone, 2103+5630, 2011, The Astronomer’s Sy1 PMN J0948+0022, 2011, The I. Donnarumma, E. Del Monte, Y. Telegram, 3544, 1 Astronomer’s Telegram, 3448, 1 Evangelista, M. Feroci, F. Lazzarotto, L. Pacciani, P. Soffitta, E. Costa, I. 4. I. Donnarumma, F. Lucarelli, S. 7. G. Piano, M. Tavani, C. Pittori, F. Lapshov, M. Rapisarda, A. Argan, Vercellone, M. Tavani, A. Bulgarelli, Verrecchia, F. Lucarelli, A. Bulgarelli, G. Pucella, S. Sabatini, A. Trois, V. F. Gianotti, M. Trifoglio, A. Chen, A. E. Striani, M. Cardillo, S. Sabatini, Vittorini, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, C. Labanti, M. Marisaldi, G. Di Cocco, 

57 ASTRON Annual report 2011 A. Pellizzoni, M. Pilia, G. Barbiellini, 12. A. Bulgarelli, E. Striani, G. Piano, M. Astronomical publications in conference F. Longo, E. Vallazza, E. Striani, Tavani, F. Gianotti, M. Trifoglio, M. proceedings 2011 A. Morselli, P. Picozza, M. Prest, P. McCollough, P. Savolainen, A. Argan, Lipari, D. Zanello, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Trois, G. de Paris, V. Vittorini, E. 1. P.-A. Duc, J.-C. Cuillandre, K. Alatalo, A. Rappoldi, P. Santolamazza, P. Costa, I. Donnarumma, M. Feroci, L. L. Blitz, M. Bois, F. Bournaud, M. Giommi, L. Salotti, G. Valentini: Pacciani, E. Del Monte, F. Lazzarotto, Bureau, M. Cappellari, P. Côté, R. L. AGILE detects enhanced gamma-ray P. Soffitta, Y. Evangelista, I. Lapshov, Davies, T. A. Davis, P. T. de Zeeuw, E. emission from a new unidentified S. Sabatini, M. Cardillo, A. Chen, A. Emsellem, L. Ferrarese, E. Ferriere, source AGL 2302-3251, 2011, The Giuliani, S. Mereghetti, F. Perotti, M. S. Gwyn, S. Khochfar, D. Krajnovic, Astronomer’s Telegram, 3357, 1 Marisaldi, G. Di Cocco, C. Labanti, H. Kuntschner, P.-Y. Lablanche, L. F. Fuschino, M. Galli, G. Pucella, MacArthur, R. M. McDermid, L. 10. E. Striani, G. Piano, M. Tavani, A. M. Rapisarda, F. D’Ammando, S. Michel-Dansac, R. Morganti, T. Naab, Bulgarelli, C. Pittori, F. Verrecchia, Vercellone, A. Pellizzoni, M. Pilia, T. Oosterloo, M. Sarzi, N. Scott, P. V. Vittorini, F. Gianotti, M. Trifoglio, G. Barbiellini, F. Longo, P. Picozza, Serra, A. Weijmans, L. M. Young, A. Argan, A. Trois, G. de Paris, S. A. Morselli, M. Prest, P. Lipari, D. François Combes, Ken C. Freeman: Sabatini, E. Costa, I. Donnarumma, Zanello, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Rappoldi, Investigating the Merger Origin M. Feroci, L. Pacciani, E. Del C. Pittori, F. Verrecchia, F. Lucarelli, P. of Early-type Galaxies using Ultra- Monte, F. Lazzarotto, P. Soffitta, Y. Giommi, P. Santolamazza, L. Salotti, deep Optical Images, 2011, IAU Evangelista, I. Lapshov, P. Caraveo, G. Valentini: AGILE detection of Symposium, 277, 238-241 A. Chen, A. Giuliani, S. Mereghetti, Cygnus X-3 above 400 MeV, 2011, F. Perotti, M. Marisaldi, G. Di Cocco, The Astronomer’s Telegram, 3239, 1 2. Gyula I. G. Józsa, François Combes, C. Labanti, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, G. Ken C. Freeman: Warps and Pucella, M. Rapisarda, S. Vercellone, 13. F. Lucarelli, C. Pittori, M. Cardillo, F. Accretion, 2011, IAU Symposium, F. D’Ammando, A. Pellizzoni, M. Pilia, Verrecchia, E. Striani, M. Tavani, S. 277, 71-74 G. Barbiellini, F. Longo, P. Picozza, Vercellone, A. Bulgarelli, F. Gianotti, A. Morselli, M. Prest, P. Lipari, D. M. Trifoglio, A. Chen, A. Giuliani, S. 3. George Heald, John Allan, Laura Zanello, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Rappoldi, Mereghetti, P. Caraveo, F. Perotti, I. Zschaechner, Peter Kamphuis, Rich P. Giommi, P. Santolamazza, F. Donnarumma, F. D’Ammando, E. Del Rand, Gyula Józsa, Gianfranco Lucarelli, G. Valentini, L. Salotti: Monte, Y. Evangelista, M. Feroci, F. Gentile, François Combes, Ken C. AGILE monitoring of the strongly Lazzarotto, L. Pacciani, P. Soffitta, E. Freeman: The Westerbork HALOGAS variable gamma-ray emission Costa, I. Lapshov, M. Rapisarda, A. Survey: Status and Early Results, from the Crab Nebula, 2011, The Argan, G. Piano, G. Pucella, 2011, IAU Symposium, 277, 59-62 Astronomer’s Telegram, 3286, 1 S. Sabatini, A. Trois, V. Vittorini, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, C. Labanti, M. 4. M. Bureau, T. A. Davis, K. Alatalo, 11. M. Tavani, A. Bulgarelli, E. Striani, Marisaldi, G. Di Cocco, A. Pellizzoni, A. F. Crocker, L. Blitz, L. M. Young, G. Piano, V. Vittorini, F. Gianotti, M. M. Pilia, G. Barbiellini, F. Longo, E. F. Combes, M. Bois, F. Bournaud, Trifoglio, C. Pittori, F. Verrecchia, Moretti, E. Vallazza, A. Morselli, M. Cappellari, R. L. Davies, P. T. A. Argan, A. Trois, G. de Paris, S. P. Picozza, M. Prest, P. Lipari, D. de Zeeuw, P.-A. Duc, E. Emsellem, Sabatini, E. Costa, I. Donnarumma, Zanello, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Rappoldi, S. Khochfar, D. Krajnovic, H. M. Feroci, L. Pacciani, E. Del P. Santolamazza, S. Colafrancesco, Kuntschner, P.-Y. Lablanche, R. M. Monte, F. Lazzarotto, P. Soffitta, Y. P. Giommi, L. Salotti, G. Valentini: McDermid, R. Morganti, T. Naab, Evangelista, I. Lapshov, P. Caraveo, AGILE detects enhanced gamma-ray T. Oosterloo, M. Sarzi, N. Scott, P. A. Chen, A. Giuliani, S. Mereghetti, emission from a region including the Serra, A. Weijmans, François Combes, F. Perotti, M. Marisaldi, G. Di Cocco, BL Lac Object S4 1749+70, 2011, The Ken C. Freeman: Molecular Gas and C. Labanti, F. Fuschino, M. Galli, G. Astronomer’s Telegram, 3199, 1 Star Formation in Local Early-type Pucella, M. Rapisarda, S. Vercellone, Galaxies, 2011, IAU Symposium, 277, F. D’Ammando, A. Pellizzoni, M. Pilia, 14. M.J. Bentum, J. Leijtens, C. 55-58 G. Barbiellini, F. Longo, P. Picozza, Verhoeven, H. van der Marel: A. Morselli, M. Prest, P. Lipari, D. Measuring the Delfi-C3 satellite 5. Stefan Noll, Denis Burgarella, Élodie Zanello, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Rappoldi, using the Westerbork Synthesis Giovannoli, Paolo Serra: CIGALE: P. Giommi, P. Santolamazza, F. Radio Telescope, ESA Antenna Code Investigating GALaxy Emission, Lucarelli, G. Valentini, L. Salotti: workshop October 2011 2011, Astrophysics Source Code AGILE monitoring of the enhanced Library, record ascl:1111.004, , 11004 gamma-ray emission from the Crab Nebula region, 2011, The 6. E. Del Monte, G. Barbiellini, F. Astronomer’s Telegram, 3282, 1 Fuschino, A. Giuliani, F. Longo, 

58 ASTRON Annual report 2011 M. Marisaldi, E. Moretti, M. Trifoglio, 10. S. Ter Veen, H. Falcke, R. Fender, J. R. 16. J. W. T. Hessels, M. S. E. Roberts, M. A. Argan, A. Bulgarelli, P. Caraveo, Hörandel, C. W. James, S. Rawlings, A. McLaughlin, P. S. Ray, P. Bangale, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Chen, E. Costa, P. Schellart, B. Stappers, R. Wijers, S. M. Ransom, M. Kerr, F. Camilo, M. G. Di Cocco, I. Donnarumma, Y. M. Wise, P. Zarka, Nicolò D’Amico, E. Decesar, Nicolò D’Amico, Paolo Evangelista, M. Feroci, M. Galli, F. Paolo Esposito, Alberto Pellizzoni, Esposito, Alberto Pellizzoni, Andrea Gianotti, C. Labanti, I. Lapshov, F. Andrea Possenti: FRATs: a search for Possenti: A 350-MHz GBT Survey of Lazzarotto, P. Lipari, S. Mereghetti, Fast Radio Transients with LOFAR, 50 Faint Fermi gamma-ray Sources A. Morselli, L. Pacciani, A. Pellizzoni, 2011, American Institute of Physics for Radio Millisecond Pulsars, F. Perotti, P. Picozza, M. Pilia, M. Conference Series, 1357, 331-334 2011, American Institute of Physics Prest, G. Pucella, M. Rapisarda, A. Conference Series, 1357, 40-43 Rappoldi, P. Soffitta, M. Tavani, A. 11. Ben Stappers, Jason Hessels, Trois, E. Vallazza, S. Vercellone, V. Anastasia Alexov, Kenneth 17. V. I. Kondratiev, D. R. Lorimer, M. A. Vittorini, C. Pittori, L. Salotti, J. L. Anderson, Thijs Coenen, Tom Hassall, McLaughlin, S. M. Ransom, Nicolò Racusin, N. Gehrels: The observation Aris Karastergiou, Vlad Kondratiev, D’Amico, Paolo Esposito, Alberto of GRBs with AGILE and the Michael Kramer, Joeri van Leeuwen, Pellizzoni, Andrea Possenti: A Search interesting cases of GRB 090618 Jan David Mol, A. Noutsos, John for Pulsars in Local Group Galaxies, and GRB 100724B, 2011, American Romein, Patrick Weltevrede, 2011, American Institute of Physics Institute of Physics Conference Robert Fender, Ralph Wijers, Nicolò Conference Series, 1357, 36-39 Series, 1358, 209-212 D’Amico, Paolo Esposito, Alberto Pellizzoni, Andrea Possenti: Pulsars 18. J. Boyles, D. R. Lorimer, M. A. 7. T. Pennucci, P. B. Demorest, S. M. and Fast Transients with LOFAR, McLaughlin, S. M. Ransom, R. Lynch, Ransom, M. S. E. Roberts, J. W. T. 2011, American Institute of Physics V. M. Kaspi, A. M. Archibald, I. H. Hessels, Nicolò D’Amico, Paolo Conference Series, 1357, 325-330 Stairs, C. A. McPhee, M. S. E. Roberts, Esposito, Alberto Pellizzoni, Andrea V. I. Kondratiev, J. W. T. Hessels, J. Possenti: The 1.97+/-0.04 Msolar 12. A. Treves, M. Pilia, M. Lopez Moya, van Leeuwen, D. J. Champion, A. Pulsar J1614-2230, 2011, American Nicolò D’Amico, Paolo Esposito, Deller, B. H. Dunlap, Nicolò D’Amico, Institute of Physics Conference Alberto Pellizzoni, Andrea Possenti: Paolo Esposito, Alberto Pellizzoni, Series, 1357, 353-354 On Energy-, Angular Momentum- Andrea Possenti: Loss and Pulsar Spark Gaps, 2011, New Discoveries from the GBT 8. R. Smits, S. Tingay, N. Wex, M. American Institute of Physics 350-MHz Drift-Scan Survey, 2011, Kramer, B. Stappers, Nicolò Conference Series, 1357, 312-313 American Institute of Physics D’Amico, Paolo Esposito, Alberto Conference Series, 1357, 32-35 Pellizzoni, Andrea Possenti: 13. M. Pilia, A. Pellizzoni, Nicolò Parallax measurements of pulsars D’Amico, Paolo Esposito, 19. M. Wise, A. Alexov, M. Folk, F. with the Square Kilometre Array, Alberto Pellizzoni, Andrea Possenti: Pierfederici, K. Anderson, L. Bähren, 2011, American Institute of Physics Observing peculiar gamma-ray A. Accomazzi, D. J. Mink, A. H. Rots: Conference Series, 1357, 347-348 pulsars with AGILE, 2011, American Towards HDF5: Encapsulation of 9. I. H. Stairs, M. J. Keith, Z. Institute of Physics Conference Large and/or Complex Astronomical Arzoumanian, W. Becker, A. Series, 1357, 229-236 Data, 2011, Astronomical Data Berndsen, A. Bouchard, N. D. R. Analysis Software and Systems XX, Bhat, M. Burgay, D. J. Champion, 14. Maciej Serylak, Ben Stappers, Patrick 442, 663 S. Chatterjee, T. Colegate, J. M. Weltevrede, Nicolò D’Amico, Paolo Cordes, F. M. Crawford, R. Dodson, Esposito, Alberto Pellizzoni, Andrea 20. K. Anderson, A. Alexov, L. Bähren, P. C. C. Freire, G. B. Hobbs, A. W. Possenti: The temporal properties J.-M. Grießmeier, M. Wise, G. A. Hotan, S. Johnston, V. M. Kaspi, of subpulse modulation of pulsars, Renting, A. Accomazzi, D. J. Mink, V. Kondratiev, M. Kramer, T. J. W. 2011, American Institute of Physics A. H. Rots: LOFAR and HDF5: Toward Lazio, W. Majid, R. N. Manchester, D. Conference Series, 1357, 131-133 a New Radio Data Standard, 2011, J. Nice, A. Pellizzoni, A. Possenti, S. Astronomical Data Analysis Software M. Ransom, N. Rea, R. Shannon, R. 15. M. B. Mickaliger, M. A. McLaughlin, and Systems XX, 442, 53 Smits, B. W. Stappers, D. F. Torres, A. D. R. Lorimer, G. Langston, A. G. J. van Leeuwen, W. van Straten, P. V. Bilous, V. I. Kondratiev, S. M. 21. Paolo Serra: The MeerKAT Fornax Weltevrede, Nicolò D’Amico, Paolo Ransom, F. Crawford, Nicolò Survey, 2011, Fornax, Virgo, Coma Esposito, Alberto Pellizzoni, Andrea D’Amico, Paolo Esposito, Alberto et al., Stellar Systems in High Density Possenti: Pulsars with the Australian Pellizzoni, Andrea Possenti: Pulsar Environments, Posters from the Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder, Science with the Green Bank 43 m Conference held 27 June - 1 July, 2011, American Institute of Physics Telescope, 2011, American Institute of 2011 at ESO Garching, Germany. Conference Series, 1357, 335-340 Physics Conference Series, 1357, 60-61 Online at 

59 ASTRON Annual report 2011 http://www.eso.org/sci/ Chapters in books: “Radio interferometric calibration meetings/2011/fornax_virgo2011. using the SAGE algorithm” MNRAS, html, id.49, , 49P R. Morganti, contribution to the book Vol. 414, no. 2, pp. 1656-1666, Jun. ’50 Years of Quasars: Questions about 2011 22. J. Li, T. An, Z. Shen, A. Miyazaki, Q. Observations and Ideas’, D. Onofrio, D. Wang, F. Yuan: ATCA Detection J.Sulentic, P. Marziani eds. (Springer 2011) 5. Maaskant, R., Mittra, R. and Tijhuis, of SiO Masers in the Inner Parsecs A.G., “Multi-Level Characteristic of the Galactic Center, 2011, The Basis Function Method (MLCBFM) Galactic Center: a Window to Publications for a wide audience: for the Analysis of Large Antenna the Nuclear Environment of Disk Arrays”, Radio Science Vol. 336, no. Galaxies, 439, 260 Ger de Bruyn, contribution to Govert 3, pp. 23-34, ISSN 0048-6604, 2011 Schilling’s article on ‘The Epoch of 23. Z. Xiao, R. G. Strom: Problem in Reionization’, in Sky and Telescope 6. Maaskant, R., Ivashina, M.V., Crater Counting by Small Craters Iupikov, O., Redkina, E.A., Kasturi, S., --- Peeking at the Geologic History Schaubert, D.H., “Analysis of Large of Crater Alphonsus, 2011, Lunar Other research output: Microstrip-Fed Tapered Slot Antenna and Planetary Institute Science Arrays by Combining Electrodynamic Conference Abstracts, 42, 2319 1. Joeri van Leeuwen, radio show and Quasi-Static Field Models”, ‘Spijkers met Koppen’, 16 April IEEE Transactions on Antennas and 24. R. Strom, M. E. Banks, C. R. 2. Raffaella Morganti, Astronomy & Propagation, Vol. 59 , Issue: 6 , Part: Chapman, C. Fassett, J. Forde, J. Astrophysics Review Board of Editors. 1, DOI 10.1109/TAP.2011.2122213, Head, W. Merline, L. Prockter, S. Publication Year: 2011, pp. 1798- Solomon: Mercury Crater Statistics 1807 (*) from Messenger Flybys: Implications Research & Development for the Stratigraphy and Resurfacing 7. Nieuwpoort, R.V. van and Romein, History, 2011, Lunar and Planetary Refereed journal publications 2011 J.W., “Correlating Radio Astronomy Institute Science Conference Signals with Many-Core Hardware”, Abstracts, 42, 1079 1. Hellbourg, G., Weber, R., Capdessus, International Journal of Parallel C., Boonstra, A.J., ”Cyclostationary Processing, No.39, Vol.1, pp.88-114, 25. Z. Paragi, A. J. van der Horst, M. approaches for spatial RFI mitigation February 2011 Tanaka, G. B. Taylor, C. Kouveliotou, in radio astronomy”, Comptes J. Granot, E. Ramirez-Ruiz, Y. Rendus Physique, Vol. 13, Issue 1, pp. 8. Smirnov, O.M., ”Revisiting the Pidopryhora, S. Bourke, R. M. 71-79 radio interferometer measurement Campbell, M. A. Garrett, H. J. van equation - I. A full-sky Jones Langevelde, Rashid A. Sunyaev, 2. Ivashina, M.V., Iupikov, O., Maaskant, formalism”, Astronomy & Tomaso Belloni: Is there a mildly R., Cappellen, W.A. van, Oosterloo, Astrophysics 527 (2011) A106, DOI relativistic jet in SN2007gr?, 2011, T., “An Optimal Beamforming 10.1051/0004-6361/201016082 (*) IAU Symposium, 275, 319-320 Strategy for Wide-Field Surveys With Phased-Array-Fed Reflector 9. Smirnov, O.M., “Revisiting the 26. David M. Russell, Fraser Lewis, Antennas”, IEEE Transactions on radio interferometer measurement Dipankar Maitra, Robert J. H. Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 59, equation - II. Calibration and Dunn, Sera Markoff, Peter G. Issue: 6, Part: 1, 2011, pp. 1864-1875 direction-dependent effects”, Jonker, Manuel Linares, Valeriu (*) Astronomy & Astrophysics 527 Tudose, Rashid A. Sunyaev, (2011) A107, DOI: 10.1051/0004- Tomaso Belloni: Isolating the jet in 3. Kant, G.W., Patel, P.D., Wijnholds, 6361/201116434 (*) broadband spectra of XBs, 2011, IAU S.J., Ruiter, M., Wal, E.van Symposium, 275, 317-318 der, “EMBRACE: A Multi- 10. Smirnov, O.M., “Revisiting the Beam 20,000-Element Radio radio interferometer measurement 27. Mark J. Bentum, Johan Leijtens, Chris Astronomical Phased Array Antenna equation - III. Addressing direction- Verhoeven, Hans van der Marel: Demonstrator”, IEEE Transactions on dependent effects in 21 cm WSRT Measurements on an autonomous Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 59, observations of 3C 147”, Astronomy wireless payload at 635 km distance Issue: 6, 2011, pp. 1990-2003 (*) & Astrophysics 527 (2011) A108, DOI: using a sensitive radio telescope. 10.1051/0004-6361/201116435 (*)  In: 33rd ESA Antenna Workshop 4. Kazemi, S., Yatawatta, S., Zaroubi,S., on Challenges for Space Antenna Labropoluos, P., Bruyn, G. de, Systems 2011, 18-21 October 2011, Koopmans, L., and Noordam, J., Noordwijk, the Netherlands.

60 ASTRON Annual report 2011 11. Smirnov, O.M., “Revisiting the 14. Vernet, J., Dekker, H., D’Odorico, S., 17. Woestenburg, E.E.M., “Noise radio interferometer measurement Kaper, L., Kjaergaard, P., Hammer, properties of balanced amplifier equation - IV. A generalized F., Randich, S., Zerbi, F., Groot, P., configurations”, International tensor formalism”, Astronomy & Hjorth, J., Guinouard, I., Navarro, Journal of Microwave and Wireless Astrophysics 531 (2011) A159, DOI: R., Adolfse, T., Albers, P.W., Amans, Technologies, 2011, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 10.1051/0004-6361/201116764 (*) J.-P., Andersen, J.J., Andersen, M.I., 67-75 Binetruy, P., Bristow, P., Castillo, 12. Stappers, B.W., Hessels, J.W.T., R., Chemla, F., Christensen, L., 18. Yoshii, K., Iskra, K., Naik, H., Alexov, A., Anderson, K., Coenen, Conconi, P., Conzelmann, R., Dam, Beckman, P., and Broekema, P.C., T., Hassall, T., Karastergiou, A., J., De Caprio, V., De Ugarte Postigo, “Performance and Scalability Kondratiev, V.I., Kramer, M., U., Delabre, B., Dimarcantonio, Evaluation of ‘Big Memory’ on Leeuwen, J. van, Mol, J.D., Noutsos, P., Downing, M., Elswijk, E., Blue Gene Linux”, International A., Romein, J.W., Wetevrede, P., Finger, G., Fischer, G., Flores, H., Journal of High Performance Fender, R., Wijers, R.A.M.J., Bähren, Francois, P., Goldoni, P., Guglielmi, Computing Applications, May 25, L., Bell, M.E., Broderick, J., Daw, L., Haigron, R., Hanenburg, H., 2011 pp. 148-160, first published E.J., Dhillon, V.S., Eislöffel, J., Falcke, Hendriks, I., Horrobin, M., Horville, online on May 12, 2010 DOI H., Griessmeier, J., Law, C., Markoff, D., Jessen, N.C., Kerber, F., Kern, 10.1177/1094342010369116 (*) S., Miller-Jones, J.C.A., Scheers, B., L., Kiekebusch, M., Kleszcz, P., Spreeuw, H., Swinbank, J., Veen, Klougart, J., Kragt, J., Larsen, H.H., S. ter, Wise, M.W., Wucknitz, O., Lizon, J.-L., Lucuix, C., Mainieri, V., Book chapters: Zarka, P., Anderson, J., Asgekar, A., Manuputy, R., Martayan, C., Mason, Avruch, I.M., Beck, R., Bennema, E., Mazzoleni, R., Michaelsen, N., 1. Bentum, M.J., Gunst, A.W., Boonstra, P., Bentum, M.J., Best, P., Bregman, Modigliani, A., Moehler, S., Møller, A.J., “Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) J.D., Brentjens, M., Brink, R.H. P., Norup Sørensen, A., Nørregaard, - Potential & Challenges”, book van den, Broekema, P.C., Brouw, P., Péroux, C., Patat, F., Pena, E., chapter in “Applied Signal and W.N., Brüggen, M., Bruyn, A.G. de, Pragt, J., Reinero, J., Rigal. F., Riva, Image Processing: Multidisciplanary Butcher, H.R., Ciardi, B., Conway, J., M., Roelfsema, R., Royer, F., Sacco, G., Advancements”, IGI publishers, Dettmar, R.-J., Duin, A. van, Enst, Santin, P., Schoenmaker, T., Spano, 2011 ISBN 1609604776, EAN J. van, Garrett, M.A., Gerbers, P., Sweers, E., Horst, R. ter, Tintori, 9781609604776 M., Grit, T., Gunst, A., Haarlem, M., Tromp, N., Dael, P. van, Vliet, M.P. van, Hamaker, J.P., Heald, G., H. van der, Venema, L., Vidali, M., Hoeft, M., Holties, H., Horneffer, A., Vinther, J., Vola, P., Winters, R., Conference papers: Koopmans, L.V.E., Kuper, G., Loose, Wistisen, D., Wulterkens, G., and M., Maat, P., Mckay-Bukowski. D., Zacchei, A., “X-shooter, the new 1. Ardenne, A. van, Bentum, M.J., McKean, J.P., Miley, G., Morganti, wide band intermediate resolution Boonstra, A.J., “SKA antenna R., Nijboer, R., Noordam, J.E., spectrograph at the ESO Very systems: Outlook for Non-Astronomy Norden, M., Olofsson, H., Pandey- Large Telescope”, Astronomy & Applications”, 33rd ESA Antenna Pommier, M., Polatidis, A., Reich, W., Astrophysics Vol. 536 (2011) A105, Workshop on Challenges for Space Röttgering, H., Schoenmakers, A., DOI 10.1051/0004-6361/201117752 , Antenna Systems, Noordwijk, Sluman, J., Smirnov, O., Steinmetz, pp.1-14 (*) October 18-21, 2011 M., Sterks, C.G.M., Tagger, M., Tang, Y., Vermeulen, R., Vermaas, N., 15. Wijnholds, S.J.; Cappellen, W.A. 2. Arts, M.J., Maaskant, R., Kant, Vogt, C., Vos, C.M. de, Wijnholds, van, “In Situ Antenna Performance G.W., “Analysis of the EMBRACE S.J., Yatawatta, S. and Zensus, Evaluation of the LOFAR Phased Aperture Array Antenna by the A., “Observing pulsars and fast Array Radio Telescope”, IEEE Characteristic Basis Function transients with LOFAR”, Astronomy Transactions on Antennas and Method,” International Conference & Astrophysics, 530 (2011) A80, Propagation, Vol. 59, Issue: 6, Part: 1, on Electromagnetics in Advanced pp. 1-32, ISSN 0004-6361, DOI: 2011, pp. 1981-1989 (*) Applications 2011 (ICEAA 2011), 10.1051/0004-6361/201116681 (*) September 12-17, 2011, Torino, Italy, 16. Wijnholds, S.J., Bregman, J.D. and DOI: 10.1109/ICEAA.2011.6046469 13. Verhoeven, C.J.M., Bentum, M.J., Ardenne, A. van, “Calibratability and Monna, G.L.E., Rotteveel, J. and its impact on configuration design 3. Benthem, P. Kant, G.W. Wijnholds, Guo, J., “On the origin of satellite for the LOFAR and SKA phased array S.J. Arts, M.J. Maaskant, R. Ruiter, swarms”, Acta Astronautica 68, Issue radio telescopes”, Radio Science, M. Wal, E.van der, “Aperture array 7-8, pp. 1392-1395, ISSN 0094-5765, Vol. 46, November 8, 2011, RS0F07, development for future large radio April-May, 2011 DOI:10.1029/2011RS004733 telescopes”, Proceedings of the 

61 ASTRON Annual report 2011 5th European Conference on 10. Cappellen, W.A. van, Bakker, L., Taylor, A.C., Verma, A., Dunlop, Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP) Oosterloo, T.A., “Experimental J., Santos, M. G., Stanway, E.R., April 11-15, 2011, pp. 2601-2605 results of the APERTIF Phased Array Willott, C., “MESMER: MeerKAT Feed”, URSI GA 2011 joint BJ session Search for Molecules in the Epoch 4. Bentum, M.J., Leijtens, J., Verhoeven, “Very Large Antenna Arrays for of Reionization”, in Proceedings of C. and Marel, van der, H., Radio Astronomy”, BJ.5, pp.1-4, “Astronomy with megastructures: “Measurements on an autonomous August 13-20, 2011 Joint science with the E-ELT and wireless payload at 635 km distance SKA”, May 10-14, 2010, Crete, using a sensitive radio telescope”, 11. Cappellen, W.A. van, Vaate, J.G. Greece (Eds: Isobel Hook, Dimitra 33rd ESA Antenna Workshop on bij de, Warnick, K.F., Veidt, B., Rigopoulou, Steve Rawlings and Aris Challenges for Space Antenna Gough, R.G., Jackson, C.A., Roddis, Karastergiou) Systems 2011, Noordwijk, October N., “Phased Array Feeds for the 18-21, 2011 Square Kilometre Array”, URSI 16. Iupikov, O.A., Ivashina, M.V., GA 2011 session J03 “Technology Smirnov, O.M., “Reducing the 5. Bentum, M.J., Boonstra, A.J., and Development for the SKA Program”, complexity of the beam calibration Baan, W., “Space-based ultra-long J03.8, pp.1-4, August 13-20, 2011 models of phased-array radio wavelength radio astronomy, an telescopes”, Proceedings of the overview of todays initiatives”, 12. Harten, G. van, Snik, F., Rietjens, 5th European Conference on URSI GA 2011 session J04 “Space J.H.H., Smit, J.M., Stam, D.M., Antennas and Propagation (EUCAP), and Moon-based radio astronomy: Keller, C.U., Laan, E.C., Verlaan, Publication Year: 2011, pp. 930-933 science and technology”, J04.2, pp.1- A.L., Vliegenthart, W.A., Horst, 4, Istanbul, Turkey, August 13-20, R. ter, Navarro, R., Wielinga, 17. Ivashina, M.V., Wijnholds, S.J., 2011 K., Hannemann, S., Moon, S.G., Maaskant, R., Warnick, K.F., Voors, R., “Prototyping for the “Performance of polarimetric 6. Bentum, M.J., Boonstra, A.J., “Low Spectropolarimeter for Planetary beamformers for phased array radio frequency astronomy, the challenge EXploration (SPEX): calibration and telescopes”, URSI GA session JP1, in a crowded RFI environment”, in sky measurements”, Paper 8160-35, JP1.15, pp.1-4, August 13-20, 2011 URSI GA 2011 session E08 “Surveys of SPIE Conference Polarization Science 18. Ivashina, M.V., Bakker, R., Vaate, the Electromagnetic Environment”, and Remote Sensing V, San Diego, J.G. Bij de, Iupikov, O.A., Arts, M.J., E08.2, pp.1-4, Istanbul, Turkey, August 21-25, 2011 Dekker, J., Ardenne, A. van., “An Axi- August 13-20, 2011 Symmetric Segmented Composite 13. Hellbourg, G., Weber, R., Millot, A., SKA Dish Design: Performance and 7. Bruyn A.G. de, Brentjens M.A., Capdessus, C., “Transmission des Production Analysis’’, Asia Pacific Koopmans, L.V.E., Zaroubi, S., mesures d’un réseau de capteurs Microwave Conference, Melbourne, Lampropoulos, P., Yatawatta, S.B., environnementaux en bande ISM. December 2011 “Detecting the EOR with LOFAR: Une approche semi-logicielle”, STIC steps along the road”, URSI GA & Environnement 2011, Mai 11-13, 19. Jiwani, A., Juswardy, B., Padhi, S., session J01 “Low Frequency Radio 2011, Saint-Etienne, France, pp. 1-12 Vaate, Bij de, J.G., Hall, P., “Active Astronomy I”, J01.7. pp.1-4, August Antenna Development for the SKA”, 13-20, 2011 14. Hellbourg, G., Weber, R., Capdessus, Asia Pacific Microwave Conference, C., Boonstra, A.J., and Feliachi, Melbourne, December 2011 8. Budianu, A., Rajan, R.T., Engelen, R., “Cyclostationary approaches S., Meijerink, A., Verhoeven, C.J.M. for spatial RFI mitigation in radio 20. Jiwani, A., Flexman, J., Padhi, S., and Bentum, M.J., “OLFAR: Adaptive astronomy”, Journees scientifiques Vaate, Bij de, J.G., Hall, P., “An topology for satellite swarms”, 62nd 2011 (URSI France), 29 et 30 Mars outdoorAntenna Metrology Facility International Astronautical Congress 2011, Paris, session “Récepteurs à for Candidate Square Kilometre IAC 2011, October 3-7, 2011, Cape haute sensibilité et brouillage”, pp.1- Array antennas”, Electromagnetic Town, Republic of South Africa 6 Compatibility symposium, Perth, November 2011 9. Cappellen, W.A. van, Ivashina, M.V., 15. Heywood, I., Armstrong, R.P., “Temporal beam pattern stability Booth, R., Bunker, A.J., Deane, 21. Kant, G.W., Benthem, P., Ardenne, A. of a radio astronomy phased array R.P., Jarvis, M.J., Jonas, J.L., Jones, van and Torchinsky, S.A., “European feed”, Proceedings of the 5th M.E., Kloeckner, H.-R., Kneib, Phased Array Developments for European Conference on Antennas J.-P., Knudsen, K.K., Levrier, F., SKA Mid Frequencies”, Asia Pacific and Propagation (EUCAP) April 11- Obreschkow, D., Rigopoulou, Microwave Conference, Melbourne, 15, 2011, pp. 926-929 D., Rawlings, S., Smirnov, O.M., December 2011 

62 ASTRON Annual report 2011 22. Kazemi, S., Yatawatta, S., and 28. Rajan, R.T., Engelen, S., Bentum, 34. Smirnov, O.M., and Ivashina, M.V., Zaroubi, S., “Clustered radio M.J., and Verhoeven, C.M.J., “Element gain drifts as an imaging interferometric calibration”, in Proc. “Orbiting Low Frequency Array for dynamic range limitation in PAF- IEEE Statistical Signal Processing radio astronomy,” IEEE Aerospace based interferometers”, URSI GA Workshop (SSP), Nice, France, March, Conference 2011, Montana, USA, pp. session JP1, JP1.16, pp.1-4, August 2011, pp. 597-600 1-11, March 5-12, 2011, DOI: 10.1109/ 13-20, 2011 AERO.2011.5747222 23. Kildal, P.-S., Yang, J., Ivashina, 35. Smirnov, O.M., Bruyn, G. de, M.V., “New BOR1 and decoupling 29. Rajan, R.T., Veen, A.-J. van der, “Joint “Meqtrees and direction-dependent efficiencies for characterizing ranging and clock synchronization effects”, URSI GA 2011 session J06 ultra-wideband reflectors and for a satellite array”, Signal “Signal Processing, Calibration and feeds for future radio telescopes”, Processing and Applied Mathematics Imaging in Radio Astronomy”, J06.4, Proceedings of the 5th European for Electronics and Communications pp.1-4, August 13-20, 2011 Conference on Antennas and (SPAMEC), 2012 EURASIP, August 26- Propagation (EUCAP), Publication 28, 2011 36. Vaate, J.G. Bij de, Lera Acedo, E.D., Year: 2011 , pp. 3712-3714 Virone, G., Jiwani, A., Razavi, N., 30. Rajan, R.T., Veen, A.J. van der, Perini, F., Zarb-Adami, K., Monari, 24. Mol, J.D. and Romein, J.W., Boonstra, A.J., Bentum, M.J., “Global J., Padhi, S., Addamo, G., Peverini, “The LOFAR Beam Former: clock synchronization for satellite O., Montebugnoli, S., Gunst, A., Implementation and Performance array in space”, 62nd International Hall, P., Faulkner, A., Ardenne, A. Analysis”, Euro-Par 2011, Bordeaux, Astronautical Congress IAC 2011, van, “Low frequency aperture array France, vol.LNCS 6853, Part II, pp. October 3-7, 2011, Cape Town, developments for phase 1 SKA”, 328-339, August, 2011 Republic of South Africa URSI GA session J02 “Low Frequency Radio Astronomy II”, J03.4, pp.1-4, 25. Naeem, M., Maaskant, R., Kant, 31.Rajan, R.T., Veen, A.-J., van der, “Joint August 13-20, 2011 G.W., Kildal, P.-S., Mittra, R., “The ranging and clock synchronization for Method of Equivalent Dipole a wireless network”, 4th EEE 37. Verhoeven, C.J.M., Engelen, S., Moments (MEDM) Combined with International Workshop on Noroozi, A., Sundaramoorthy, CBFM for the Fast and Accurate Computational Advances in P., Bentum, M.J. and Meijer, R., Solution of Dielectric Scattering Multi-Sensor Adaptive Processing “Nanosatellite swarm support for Problems”, Proceedings of the (CAMSAP), pp. 297-300, Puorto Rico, larger satellites”, 62nd International International Conference on December 13-16 2011, ISBN 978- Astronautical Congress IAC 2011, Electromagnetics in Advanced 4577-2103-8 October 3-7, 2011, Cape Town, Applications (ICEAA 2011), pp.1013- Republic of South Africa 1016 32. Roelfsema, R., Gisler, D., Pragt, J., 38. Voors, R., Moon, S.G., Hannemann, Schmid, H.M., Bazzon, A., Dominik, S., Rietjens, J.H.H., van Harten, 26. Noorishad, P., Wijnholds, S.J., C., Baruffolo, A., Beuzit, J.L., G., Snik, G., Smit, M., Stam, D.M., Ardenne, A. van, Hulst, J.M. van Chartond, J., Dohlen, K., Downing, Keller, C.U., Laan, E.C., Verlaan, der, “Application of redundancy M., Elswijk, E., Feldth, M., Haan, M. A.L., Vliegenthart, W.A., Horst, calibration in Phased Arrays and de, Hubinf, N., Kasper, J., Kelleri, C., R. ter, Navarro, R., Wielenga, K., some limitations”, URSI GA 2011 Lizon, J.L., Mouillet, D., Pavlov, A., “Spectropolarimeter for planetary session J06 “Signal Processing, Puget, P., Rochat, S., Salasnich, B., exploration (SPEX): performance Calibration and Imaging in Radio Steiner, P., Thalmann, C., Waters, R., measurements with a prototype”, Astronomy”, J06.10, pp. 1-4, August Wildi, F., “The ZIMPOL high contrast pp.1-12, , SPIE 2011, paper 8176-14, 13-20, 2011 imaging polarimeter for SPHERE: 2011 sub-system test results”, Proc. SPIE, 27. Noorishad, P., and Yatawatta, S., Vol. 7735, Paper 8151-22 (2011) 39. Wijnholds, S. J.; Veen, A.-J. van “Efficient computation of prolate der, “Data driven model based spheroidal wave functions for radio 33. Romein, J.W., Mol, J.D., Nieuwpoort, least squares image reconstruction astronomical source modeling”, R.V. van, Broekema, P.C., “Processing for radio astronomy”, 2011 IEEE 11th International Symposium on LOFAR telescope data in real time on International Conference on Signal Processing and Information a blue gene/p supercomputer”, URSI Acoustics, Speech and Signal Technology, ISSPIT, Bilbao, Spain, GA 2011 session JP1, JP1.1, pp.1-4, Processing (ICASSP), Prague, 2011, December 2011 August 13-20, 2011 pp. 2704-2707 

63 ASTRON Annual report 2011 40. Wijnholds, S.J., Nijboer, R., Grainge, IEEE International Conference on 5. Halfwerk, R.G.B., Pragt, J., “Optical K.J.B., Bregman, J.D., “Overview Image Processing (ICIP), Brussels, Precision Scanner, Functional of SKA calibration challenges and Belgium, pp. 2813–2816, September, Design”, ASTRON-SP-040, April 2011, impact of design decisions”, URSI 2011 Dutch Sigma Research contract. GA 2011 session JP1, JP1.17, pp.1-4, August 13-20, 2011 6. Kegel, J.A., “Optimizing the Publications for a general audience: matching of a chip antenna”, 41. Wijnholds, S.W., Cappellen, W.A. ASTRON-RP-1257, May 2011, van, Ivashina, M.V., “Performance 1. Bentum, M.J., Verhoeven, C.J.M., MMCC Product development & assessment of bi-scalar beamformers Boonstra, A.J., Veen, van der, microprocessor technology BV in practical phased array feed A.J. and Gill, E.K.A., “A novel Research contract. systems”, URSI GA 2011 DBC session astronomical application for “Signal Processing Antennas”, DBC.5, formation flying small satellites”, 7. Halfwerk, R.G.B., Kegel, J.A., pp.1-4, August 13-20, 2011 Tijdschrift van het NERG deel 76-nr. Rotteveel, J., ASTRON-PL-063, 1-2011, pp. 8-15, ISSN 0374-3853 “Projectplan Electronic Multi-Beam 42. Wildi, F., Beuzit, J.L., Feldt. M., Antenna and Receiver Concept Mouillet, D., Dohlen, K., Puget, P., 2. Kant, D., “Het heelal aftasten”, (EMBARC) NL PEP 2011”, July 2011, Baruffolo, A., Charton, J., Boccaletti, EMBRACE bijdrage aan “Experiment ISIS – Innovative Solutions In Space J., Claudi, R., Costille, A., Feautrier, NL, wetenschap in Nederland”, BV Research Contract. P., Fusco, T., Gratton, R., Kasper, M., NWO/Quest, 2011, ISBN Langlois, M., Martinez, P., Mesa, D., 9789048811052 8. Halfwerk, R.G.B., Kegel, J.A., Peeters, Le Mignant, D., Pavlov, A., Petit, C., B., ASTRON-PL-062, “Projectplan Pragt, J., Rabou, P., Roelfsema, R., 3. Nijboer, R., bijdrage aan MEOLUT-NL PEP 2011”, July 2011, Sauvage, J.-F., Schmid, H.M., Stadler, “Boodschappen van de eerste Ursa Minor Research Contract. E., Moutou, C. , “The performance sterren”, artikel van E. Hardeman of the SPHERE sub-systems in the in “Experiment NL, wetenschap in 9. Kegel, J.A. et al, approx. 30 SMF integration lab”, Proc. SPIE, Paper Nederland”, NWO/Quest, 2011, ISBN (Site Monitoring Facility) reports 8151-21, DOI 10.1117/12.894389 9789048811052 including MFFE Circular Polarisation (2011) Adjustment (GAL-TN-ASTRON- SMF-I-00011), TAS-I contract 43. Woestenburg, E.E.M., Witvers, R.H., Contracts: research. and Bakker, L., “Low Noise Room Temperature LNAs for the SKA,” 41st 1. Arts, M.J., “Simulations of an European Microwave Conference, inverted F-antenna, RP-1256, April Other research output, and other publications and Manchester, October 2011, pp. 366- 2011, Dog-Back Design Solutions scientific output: 369 Research Contract. 1. Ardenne, A. van, “AAVP and the 44. Woestenburg, E.E.M., Bakker, L., 2. Elswijk, E., “Aluminium CTE path to SKA-low”, The Path to SKA- Ruiter, M., Ivashina, M.V., and measurements of RSP 6061 and RSP low Workshop, ICRAR, International Witvers, R.H., “THACO, a Test 708 using normal Aluminium 6061 Centre for Radio Astronomy Facility for Characterizing the Noise as a reference”, ASTRON-RP-1258, Research, Perth, Western Australia, Performance of Active Antenna Sept. 2011, RSP Technology Research September 6-9, 2011, presentation Arrays,” 41st European Microwave Contract. Conference, Manchester, October 2. Ardenne, A. van, PhD committee 2011, pp. 1277-1280 3. Halfwerk, R.G.B., Pragt, J., participation (promotion Li, Z., “Optical Precision Scanner, System “Design, Simulation and Validation 45. Yatawatta, S., “Shapelets and related Requirements Specification”, of Dual-channel Polarimetric Agile techniques in radio-astronomical ASTRON-SP-039, Oct. 2011, Dutch Radar Technology”, October 4, 2011, imaging”, URSI GA 2011 session J06 Sigma Research contract. Delft University of Technology, Delft) “Signal Processing, Calibration and Imaging in Radio Astronomy”, J06.6, 4. Halfwerk, R.G.B., “Optical 3. Ardenne, A. van, PhD committee pp.1-4, August 13-20, 2011 Precision Scanner, Code Compiler participation (promotion Deng, W., Requirements Specification”, “Two-Step Beam Patterning using 46. Yatawatta, S., “Radio astronomical ASTRON-EXTERN-SP-044, May 2011, Space-Frequency Transformation in image deconvolution using prolate Dutch Sigma Research contract. a Time-Multiplexed Phased Array spheroidal wave functions,” in proc. Receiver”, November 28, 2011, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven) 

64 ASTRON Annual report 2011 4. Ardenne, A. van, “Aperture Arrays 13. Gunst, A.W., Haarlem, M.P. van, 22. Noordam, J.E., “Lowering the for the SKA”, Workshop AAVP 2011: Vermeulen, R.C., “LOFAR: a digital Threshold”, session “Instrumental Taking the AA programme into aperture array radio telescope”, URSI effects & Ionosphere”, conference SKA Pre-Construction, December GA session JP1, poster, August 13-20, “Understanding Galactic and 12-16, 2011 - ASTRON, Dwingeloo, 2011 extragalactic foregrounds: A presentation road to success for cosmological 14. Gunst, A., “The SKA-low system experiments”, May 23-27, 2011, 5. Ardenne, A. van, “Green design process and requirements”, Zadar, Croatia, presentation infrastructure for the SKA”, The Path to SKA-low Workshop, Workshop AAVP 2011: Taking the ICRAR, International Centre for 23. Noordam, J., “Setting The Scene”, AA programme into SKA Pre- Radio Astronomy Research, Perth, Second Workshop on 3rd Generation Construction, December 12-16, 2011 Western Australia, September 6-9, Calibration (3GC-II), Albufeira - ASTRON, Dwingeloo, presentation 2011, presentation (Portugal), September 19-30, 2011

6. Bakker, L., “SKA-low RF systems 15. Haarlem, M.P. van, Vermeulen, R.C., 24. Noordam, J., “Summary of the overiew”, The Path to SKA-low Gunst, A., “LOFAR: lessons from its summaries of the summaries and Workshop, ICRAR, International design and construction”, URSI GA parting remarks”, Second Workshop Centre for Radio Astronomy 2011 session J02 “Low Frequency on 3rd Generation Calibration (3GC- Research, Perth, Western Australia, Radio Astronomy II”, J02.2, II), Albufeira (Portugal), September September 6-9, 2011, presentation presentation, August 13-20, 2011 19-30, 2011 7. Brink, R. van den, “AA-mid design for construction”, Workshop AAVP 16. Ivashina, M.V., “An overview of 25. Noordam, J., “First week summary”, 2011: Taking the AA programme into PAF beamforming methods, and Second Workshop on 3rd Generation SKA Pre-Construction, December a novel beam modeling concept”, Calibration (3GC-II), Albufeira 12-16, 2011 - ASTRON, Dwingeloo, Second Workshop on 3rd Generation (Portugal), September 19-30, 2011 presentation Calibration (3GC-II), Albufeira 26. Noorishad, P., Ardenne, A. van, (Portugal), September 19-30, 2011 and Hulst, T. van der, “Lessons 8. Broekema, C., “Looking beyond learned from station calibration”, the LOFAR central processor”, 17. Kant, D., “A System View on SKA Workshop AAVP 2011: Taking the CALIM 2011 workshop, July 25-29, Bandwidth Usage”, Workshop AAVP AA programme into SKA Pre- presentation 2011: Taking the AA programme into Construction, December 12-16, 2011 SKA Pre-Construction, December - ASTRON, Dwingeloo, presentation 9. Budianu, A, Engelen, S, Rajan, R.T., 12-16, 2011 - ASTRON, Dwingeloo, Meijerink, A., Verhoeven, C.J.M. and presentation 27. Rajan, R.T., Budianu, A., Engelen, Bentum, M.J., “The communication S., Veen, A.J. van der, Bentum, M.J., layer for the OLFAR satellite swarm”, 18. Maat, P., “From all-electronic Boonstra, A.J. and Verhoeven, C.J.M., poster presentation on Sense of towards Photonics based Antenna’s”, “Orbiting low frequency antennas Contact 13 Workshop, Zeist, The Fotonica Conference and Exhibition, for radio astronomy (OLFAR): Netherlands, April 7, 2011 Nieuwegein, March 29-30, 2011, Distributing signal processing”, presentation poster presentation on Sense of 10. Cappellen, W. van, “Array Antennas Contact 13 Workshop, Zeist, The for the SKA: Challenges and recent 19. Maat, P., “Photonics and AA station Netherlands, April 7, 2011 results”, COST ASSIST Workshop, design”, Workshop AAVP 2011: invited talk, Switzerland, March 17- Taking the AA programme into 28. Rajan, R.T., Veen, A.J. van der, “Joint 19, 2011 SKA Pre-Construction, December ranging and clock synchonization 12-16, 2011 - ASTRON, Dwingeloo, for a wireless network”, poster on 11. Diepen, G. van, “LOFAR Syntesis Data presentation the 4th IEEE International Workshop Handling”, ASTRON, Dwingeloo, on Computational Advances in June 2011, presentation/tutorial 20. Nijboer, R., “LOFAR Status Update”, Multi-Sensor Adaptive Processing CALIM 2011 workshop, July 25-29, (CAMSAP) 2011, San Juan, Porto 12. Engelen, S., Budianu, A., Rajan, R.T., presentation Rico, December 13-16, 2011 Verhoeven, C.J.M. and Bentum, M.J., “OLFAR: Nano-satellites for science”, 21. Noordam, J., “Lowering the 29. Romein, J., “Fast W-Projection poster presentation on Sense of Threshold”, CALIM 2011 workshop, Gridding on GPUs”, CALIM 2011 Contact 13 Workshop, Zeist, The July 25-29, presentation workshop, July 25-29, 2011, Netherlands, April 7, 2011 presentation 

65 ASTRON Annual report 2011 30. Schoonderbeek, G., “UniBoard: Centre for Radio Astronomy International Centre for Radio Realizing a universal digital Research, Perth, Western Australia, Astronomy Research, Perth, Western processing platform”, ASTRON/JIVE September 6-9, 2011, presentation Australia, September 6-9, 2011, lunch presentation, Dwingeloo, The presentation Netherlands, March 28, 2011 39. Bakker, L., “AA’s in PEP”, Workshop AAVP 2011: Taking the 46. Wijnholds, S.J., “Signal Processing 31. Smirnov, O., “Solving for primary AA programme into SKA Pre- for Phased Array Telescopes”, beams, pointing errors, and The Construction, December 12-16, 2011 Chalmers University of Technology, Westerbork Wobble”, CALIM 2011 - ASTRON, Dwingeloo, presentation Gothenborg, Sweden, March 22, workshop, July 25-29, presentation 2011, presentation 40. Vos, C.M. de, “Wrap-up”, 32. Smirnov, O., “The Good, The Bad & Workshop AAVP 2011: Taking the 47. Wijnholds, S.J., “Beam quality and The Ugly: Subtracting foregrounds AA programme into SKA Pre- stability of PAF systems”, CALIM in the presence of DDEs”, session Construction, December 12-16, 2011 2011 workshop, Manchester, UK, July “Instrumental effects & Ionosphere”, - ASTRON, Dwingeloo, presentation 25-29, 2011, presentation conference “Understanding Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds: A 41. Warnick, K.F., Ivashina, M.V., 48. Wijnholds, S.J., “Calculating Beam road to success for cosmological Wijnholds, S.J. and Maaskant, R., Pattern Inaccuracies and Their experiments”, May 23-27, 2011, “Beamforming, Calibration and Implications (ODP version)”, Second Zadar, Croatia, presentation Figures of Merit for Polarimetric Workshop on 3rd Generation Phased Array Antennas”, IEEE Calibration (3GC-II), Albufeira 33. Smirnov, O., “Calibrating and International Symposium on (Portugal), September 19-30, 2011 correcting direction-dependent Antennas and Propagation and effects in radio interferometric USNC/URSI National Radio Science 49. Wijnholds, S.J., “Antenna Imaging observations”, 2011 International Meeting, Spokane (USA), July 3-8, with the Square Kilometre Array”, workshop on Biomedical and 2011 European School of Antennas (ESoA) Astronomical Signal Processing on Antenna Imaging Techniques, (BASP) Frontiers, Villars, Switzerland, 42. Warnick, K. F., Ivashina, M.V., Delft (The Netherlands), 30 June September 4-9, 2011 Hay, S.G., “Guest Editorial for the 2011 Special Issue on Antennas for Next 34. Smirnov, O., “MeqTrees Tutorial”, Generation Radio Telescopes”, 50. Wijnholds, S.J., “Identifiability of Second Workshop on 3rd Generation IEEE Transactions on Antennas and DDEs”, Second Workshop on 3rd Calibration (3GC-II), Albufeira Propagation, Vol. 59, Issue: 6 , Part: Generation Calibration (3GC-II), (Portugal), September 19-30, 2011 1, DOI 10.1109/TAP.2011.2156510, Albufeira (Portugal), September 19- Publication Year: 2011 , pp. : 1786- 30, 2011 35. Smirnov, O., MeqTrees Batch Mode: 1789 A Short Tutorial”, Second Workshop 51. Wijnholds, S.J., Grainge, K.J.B. and on 3rd Generation Calibration (3GC- 43. Wijnholds, S.J., “AA Station Beam Nijboer, R., “An Update from the II), Albufeira (Portugal), September Accuracy”, Workshop AAVP 2011: Calibration & Imaging Working 19-30, 2011 Taking the AA programme into Group”, SKA-low Workshop, Perth SKA Pre-Construction, December (Australia), September 6-9, 2011 36. Smirnov, O., Measuring the Beam”, 12-16, 2011 - ASTRON, Dwingeloo, Second Workshop on 3rd Generation presentation 52. Wijnholds, S.J., “The Model Calibration (3GC-II), Albufeira Based Approach - A New View on (Portugal), September 19-30, 2011 44. Wijnholds, S.J., Grainge, K.J.B., and Calibration and Imaging”, SKA- Nijboer, R., “An update from the low Workshop, Perth (Australia), 37. Vaate, J.G. bij de, “SKA-low Calibration and Imaging Working September 6-9, 2011 verification systems”, The Path Group”, The Path to SKA-low to SKA-low Workshop, ICRAR, Workshop, ICRAR, International 53. Wijnholds, S.J.,”Calculating Beam International Centre for Radio Centre for Radio Astronomy Pattern Inaccuracies and Their Astronomy Research, Perth, Western Research, Perth, Western Australia, Implications”, Second Workshop on Australia, September 6-9, 2011, September 6-9, 2011, presentation 3rd Generation Calibration (3GC-II), presentation Albufeira (Portugal), September 19- 45. Wijnholds, S.J., , “The Model 30, 2011 38. Vaate, J.G. bij de, “SKA-low RF Based Approach – a New View on systems overview”, The Path to SKA- Calibration and Imaging”, The (*): on Thomson Reuters list low Workshop, ICRAR, International Path to SKA-low Workshop, ICRAR,

66 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Appendix 5: the Northern provinces, SNN). One of ERC Advanced Researcher fellowship these, SKA North-Netherlands (SKA-NN) granted to Prof. R. Weijers (University of Earning capacity develops Smart Antennas (Aperture Amsterdam). Arrays) for the SKA and permits the Netherlands to continue to play a leading Research grants The long-term strategy of ASTRON role in this field. The other project, Particular attention has been spent in assumes that the base-budget received Target (PI University of Groningen) attracting to ASTRON young talented from NWO can be doubled by attracting studies innovative approaches to storage astronomers that could compete additional grants, contracts and subsidies. and archiving, and will permit further for individual grants like the NWO development of the LOFAR Long Term Innovational Research Incentives Scheme In the period of 2005-2011, ASTRON has Archive, properly integrating it in (Vernieuwingsimpuls, VENI, VIDI, VICI) and been executing several large subsidies the Virtual Observatory and the Grid. the ERC grants. This has turned out to be that were secured before 2005, in Several smaller grants funded activities spectacularly successful with three VENI particular the 52M€ BSIK grant (2003- on antenna production techniques and and one VIDI grant acquired by members 2010) and 22M€ SNN grant (2004-2009) photonic beam-forming. of the group in the last 3 years, as well for LOFAR development and roll-out, plus as two Marie-Curie reintegration grants. the Optical/IR instruments MIRI (3.8M€) In all these programmes there is a close These grants permitted the activities of the and XShooter (1.7M€). collaboration with industrial partners. Astronomy Group to ramp-up more quickly These activities are of mutual benefit than we could have hoped for, and this During the period of of 2005-2010, for all concerned: the companies are has enabled us to achieve the critical-mass ASTRON secured 34,7M€ of new funding. exposed to and are involved in innovative that has been crucial in pushing forward In 2011, ASTRON secured 3,9M€ of new technologies and designs, ASTRON staff the scientific exploitation of LOFAR. funding. These contracts were generated are exposed to industrial methods and R&D staff secured an NWO STARE grant through investment subsidies, innovation mass-manufacturing. (ASTROStream), a NWO Rubicon grant subsidies, EC programmes, research grants and a Swedish VINMER grant (antenna and (semi-) commercial contracts. The European programmes technology), and participated in four average contract duration is three years. ASTRON coordinated the EC FP6 SKA STW research proposals in the past six Design Study (SKADS) and the EC FP7 years. These research grants permitted the Investment grants RadioNet Integrating Activity. SKADS institute to enhance its impact in the area Two large investment subsidies (NWO-G permitted Europe to organise itself of fundamental and applied research. In program) were granted, both for for the SKA in developing technology addition, these initiatives further embed Phased Array Feed systems for the WSRT. demonstrators, in particular, EMBRACE. ASTRON in several key national and APERTIF covered the actual front-end RadioNet is the de facto European international research networks. In 2011, systems, APROPOS the correlator, archive network for radio astronomical institutes two VENI grants were secured and the and e-Science environment. Three and university departments. It has proven TOP program from prof. Ger de Bruyn smaller investment subsidies (NWO-M) so successful that it was one of the few started up. were granted for the installation of a integrating activities that was awarded a well-founded photonics lab, for the follow-up grant also under the latest FP7 (Semi-)Commercial activities. development of a fast signal processing follow-up round. ASTRON participates After NOVA took over responsibility of board, ExBox (PI JIVE) and for the DAS-4 in this RadioNet3 project through the Optical/IR Instrumentation group, computer cluster (PI VU Amsterdam). networking activities, trans-national any additional ASTRON involvement in In addition to the LOFAR BSIK and SNN access to the WSRT and LOFAR, and three NOVA projects has to be considered as a grants, funding was secured from various Joint Research Activities. semi-commercial activity. Since NOVA was sources to turn the LOFAR Core area into involved in four E-ELT instrument studies, a Nature Reserve, which contributed also ASTRON is a major partner in the EC FP7 additional FTEs were made available by to the acquisition and preparation of the Preparatory Action for the SKA (PrepSKA), ASTRON. The ASTRON involvement in fields. International LOFAR partners raised which is primarily used to fund the SKA SPHERE (a pre-2007 commitment) has funding for the acquisition of their own Project Development Office (hosted by the also been included under work for NOVA. national LOFAR stations. U. of Manchester). ASTRON is a partner ASTRON and industrial partners secured a in the FP6 EXPReS and FP7 NEXPReS contract for Galileo monitoring using the Innovation subsidies integrating activities led by JIVE – these WSRT telescope (GALSEE SMF).  Two large innovation subsidies were have realized real-time VLBI observations granted from regional funding (the so- over glass fibre and studied innovative called ‘Peaks in the Delta’ programme, storage and correlation techniques. implemented by the collaboration of ASTRON is also a major partner in the

67 ASTRON Annual report 2011 This gave the prospect of making one of the WSRT dishes available on a commercial basis. Unfortunately, the Netherlands gave insufficient priority to the contract for monitoring in the operational phase, which accordingly was granted to a German party. ASTRON is still negotiating with ESTEC and the Netherlands Space Office for a bilateral contract. ESA contracts are both an important component of the technology transfer strategy of the institute, and a way of increasing the critical mass in the technology program.

Over 2005-2011, ASTRON was involved in more than 35 small-scale contracts with industrial partners. These activities provide a small but welcome addition to the institute’s budget. However, their main purpose is to facilitate the transfer of technology and knowledge from the ASTRON laboratories to the market place and society at large. Other mechanisms are available to facilitate these kinds of valorization efforts, especially the formation of strategic collaborations associated with large development projects. However, small commercial collaborations and contracts allow ASTRON to serve a large number of SME companies that benefit from brief interactions with our experts and facilities.

68 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Appendix 6: FP6 The Sixth Framework Programme of NWO-G NWO Large investment the European Commission programme Abbreviations FP7 The Seventh Framework Programme NWO-M NWO Medium investment of the European Commision programme FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array OCW Ministry of Education, Culture and A&A Astronomy & Astrophysics FTE Full Time Equivalent; the effort Science AA Aperture Array expended by one full time employee PAF Phased Array Feed AAS American Astronomical Society GALSEE SMF Galileo satellite monitoring PCB Printed Circuit Board AAVP Aperture Array Verification with the WSRT telescope PEP Pre-Execution Plan Programme GPU Graphical Processing Unit PhD Doctor of Philosophy ADC Analog to Digital Converter GRB Gamma-ray bursts PrepSKA International project for the SKA AG Astronomy Group HI Neutral Hydrogen preparatory phase funded by the EC (FP7) AGN Active Galactic Nuclei IAC International Astronautical Congress PSR Pulsar APERTIF APERture Tiles In Focus, a focal IAU International Astronomical Union R&D Research and Development plane array upgrade project for the WSRT ICT Information and Communication RadioNet EC integrating activity bringing APROPOS A back-end (correlator) project Technology together radio observatories in Europe complementing APERTIF IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics (FP7) ASTRON Netherlands Institute for Radio Engineers RF Radio Frequency Astronomy ILT International LOFAR Telescope RF course ATH ASTROTEC Holding Company IR InfraRed RFI Radio Frequency Interference BSIK Decision Subsidies Investment ISM Interstellar Matter SAC Science Advisory Committee Knowledge Infrastructure JIVE Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe SKA Square Kilometre Array DAS-4 The Distributed ASCI LMXB Low Mass X-ray Binary SKADS SKA Design Study Supercomputer 4 LNA Low-noise amplifier SME Small and Medium Enterprises DIGESTIF An APERTIF focal plane array LOFAR Low Frequency Array SNN Joint Collaboration Northern demonstrator project MEMPHIS Merging Electronics and Micro Netherlands EC European Commission and nano-Photonics SPDO SKA Program Development Office E-ELT European Extremely Large Telescope MFFE Multi-Frequency Front-End SPHERE Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast EMBRACE European Multi-Beam Radio MHz Megahertz Exoplanet Research Astronomy Concept - a dense aperture MIRI Infrared camera and spectrometer SPIE International society for optics and array for the James Webb Space Telescope photonics demonstrator MNRAS Monthly Notices of the Royal STW Foundation for Technical Science EoR Epoch of Reionisation Astronomical Society URSI International Union of Radio Science ESA European Space Agency MSP Millisecond Pulsar VINMER Swedish Individual Researcher ESO European Southern Observatory NEXPReS Novel EXplorations Pushing Grant ESTEC European Space Research and Robust e-VLBI Services VLBA Very Long Baseline Array Technology Centre NL The Netherlands VLBI Very Long Baseline Interferometry EVN European VLBI Network NOVA Netherlands Research School for VLT Very Large Telescope EXPReS Express Production Reliable e-VLBI Astronomy (collaboration of five Dutch VLTI VLT Interferometer Services universities) WHT William Herschel Telescope FERMI LAT: FERMI Large Area Telescope NWO Netherlands Organisation for WSRT Westerbork Synthesis Radio Scientific Research Telescope

69 ASTRON Annual report 2011 UniBoard.

70 ASTRON Annual report 2011 71 ASTRON Annual report 2011 Cygnus A radio galaxy, image made with the LOFAR telescope. Image credits: J. McKean and M. Wise, ASTRON.

72 ASTRON Annual report 2011