DOCSLIB.ORG

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) Fungal Diversity of Arid Lands

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) Fungal Diversity of Arid Lands Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal diversity of arid lands: From AM fungal species to AM fungal communities Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung der Würde eines Doktors der Philosophie vorgelegt der Philosophisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Basel von Sarah Symanczik aus Österreich Basel, 2016 Originaldokument gespeichert auf dem Dokumentenserver der Universität Basel edoc.unibas.ch 1 Genehmigt von der Philosophisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät auf Antrag von Prof. Dr. Andres Wiemken, Prof. Dr. Thomas Boller Basel, den 25.März 2014 Prof. Dr. Jörg Schibler 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................................................... 6 Summary ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 1 General Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 9 1.1 Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ....................................................................................................................... 9 1.2 Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) ........................................................................................................... 12 1.2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 12 1.2.2 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi .................................................................................................... 12 1.2.3 Plants forming arbuscular mycorrhiza ....................................................................................... 13 1.2.4 Characteristics and establishment of the AM symbiosis ............................................................ 13 1.3 Classification of AM fungi ............................................................................................................... 15 1.3.1 Classification and Phylogeny ..................................................................................................... 15 1.3.2 Identification of AM fungi ......................................................................................................... 18 1.3.3 “Species concept” in the Glomeromycota .................................................................................. 19 1.4 Functional aspects of the AM symbiosis .......................................................................................... 19 1.5 AM fungi and ecosystem functioning ............................................................................................... 21 1.5.1 Importance of AM fungal diversity and co-occurrence of AM fungi ........................................ 21 1.5.2 AM fungal community composition .......................................................................................... 23 1.5.3 Invasion in AM fungal communities.......................................................................................... 24 1.6 AM symbiosis in arid environments such as desert ecosystems ....................................................... 25 1.6.1 Characteristics of desert ecosystems .......................................................................................... 25 1.6.2 Multifunctional role of AM fungi on plant drought tolerance ................................................... 25 1.6.3 Impact of drought on AM fungi ................................................................................................. 27 1.6.4 Application of AM fungi as biotechnological tool .................................................................... 27 1.7 Significance of plant aquaporins: Role and regulation ..................................................................... 28 1.7.1 Description ................................................................................................................................. 28 1.7.2 Aquaporin regulation upon mycorrhization ............................................................................... 30 1.8 Aims of the thesis .............................................................................................................................. 32 2 Three new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi discovered at one location in a desert of Oman: Diversispora omaniana, Septoglomus nakheelum and Rhizophagus arabicus .......................... 34 2.1 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................. 35 2.2 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 36 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2.3 Material and Methods ....................................................................................................................... 37 2.4 Results ............................................................................................................................................... 41 2.5 Taxonomy ......................................................................................................................................... 44 2.6 Discussion ......................................................................................................................................... 54 2.7 Aknowledgements ............................................................................................................................. 55 3 Isolation and identification of desert habituated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi newly reported from the Arabian Peninsula ..................................................................................................................... 56 3.1 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................. 57 3.2 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 58 3.3 Materials and Methods ...................................................................................................................... 60 3.4 Results and discussion ...................................................................................................................... 62 3.5 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................................... 67 3.6 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................. 67 4 The impact of different water regimes on an experimental community of four desert arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) species, as affected by addition of a potentially invasive AMF species, Rhizophagus irregularis ............................................................................................................................ 69 4.1 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................. 70 4.2 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 71 4.3Materials and Methods ....................................................................................................................... 72 4.4 Results ............................................................................................................................................... 76 4.5 Discussion ......................................................................................................................................... 79 4.6 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................. 83 4.7 Supplementary data ........................................................................................................................... 84 5 Functional characteristics of Rhizophagus arabicus in comparison with Rhizophagus irregularis - a battle as best symbiont under changing water regimes ...................................................................... 87 5.1 Summary ........................................................................................................................................... 88 5.2 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 89 5.3 Materials and Methods ...................................................................................................................... 90 5.4 Results ............................................................................................................................................... 92 5.5 Discussion ......................................................................................................................................... 95 5.6 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................................................. 96 5.7 Supplementary data ........................................................................................................................... 97 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 6 The potential of using native symbiotic mycorrhizal
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Effect of Fungicides on Association of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungus Rhizophagus Fasciculatus and Growth of Proso Millet (Panicum Miliaceum L.)
    Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2015, 15 (1), 35-45 RESEARCH ARTICLE Effect of fungicides on association of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus Rhizophagus fasciculatus and growth of Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) Channabasava1*, H.C. Lakshman1 and M.A. Jorquera2 1Microbiology Laboratory, P.G. Department of Studies in Botany, Karnataka University, Pavate Nagar, Dharwad-580 003, India. 2Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Ave. Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile.*Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The detrimental effects of fungicides on non-target beneficial microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are of interest to agriculture. Rhizophagus fasciculatus was found to be predominant (21%) AM fungus in studied soil compared to other species (2-9%). Hence, we have conducted a study to evaluate the potential effects of fungicides Benomyl (Methyl [1-[(butylamino) carbonyl]-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl] carbamate), Bavistin (methyl benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate), Captan ((3aR,7aS)-2-[(trichloromethyl) sulfanyl]-3a,4,7,7a– tetra hydro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione and Mancozeb (manganese ethylene-bis(dithiocarbamate) (polymeric) complex with zinc salt) on association of R. fasciculatus with Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), an emerging drought-resistant crop that represent a cheap source of nutrients for human in developing country. The results of this study showed significant (P≤0.05) higher AM colonization (69.7%), spore density (193 spores), plant growth (both lengths and weights of shoots and roots) and grain yield (154 grains per panicle) in mycorrhizal Proso millet plants treated with Captan compared to other fungicides and untreated controls. In contrast, Benomyl had adverse effect in all parameters measured (45.3% AM colonization, 123 spores, 105 grains per panicle, etc.).
    [Show full text]
  • Occurrence of Glomeromycota Species in Aquatic Habitats: a Global Overview
    Occurrence of Glomeromycota species in aquatic habitats: a global overview MARIANA BESSA DE QUEIROZ1, KHADIJA JOBIM1, XOCHITL MARGARITO VISTA1, JULIANA APARECIDA SOUZA LEROY1, STEPHANIA RUTH BASÍLIO SILVA GOMES2, BRUNO TOMIO GOTO3 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemática e Evolução, 2 Curso de Ciências Biológicas, and 3 Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil * CORRESPONDENCE TO: [email protected] ABSTRACT — Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are recognized in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The latter, however, have received little attention from the scientific community and, consequently, are poorly known in terms of occurrence and distribution of this group of fungi. This paper provides a global list on AMF species inhabiting aquatic ecosystems reported so far by scientific community (lotic and lentic freshwater, mangroves, and wetlands). A total of 82 species belonging to 5 orders, 11 families, and 22 genera were reported in 8 countries. Lentic ecosystems have greater species richness. Most studies of the occurrence of AMF in aquatic ecosystems were conducted in the United States and India, which constitute 45% and 78% reports coming from temperate and tropical regions, respectively. KEY WORDS — checklist, flooded areas, mycorrhiza, taxonomy Introduction Aquatic ecosystems comprise about 77% of the planet surface (Rebouças 2006) and encompass a diversity of habitats favorable to many species from marine (ocean), transitional estuaries to continental (wetlands, lentic and lotic) environments (Reddy et al. 2018). Despite this territorial representativeness and biodiversity already recorded, there are gaps when considering certain types of organisms, e.g. fungi. Fungi are considered a common and important component of almost all trophic levels.
    [Show full text]
  • Acaulospora Baetica, a New Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Species from Two Mountain Ranges in Andalucía (Spain)
    Nova Hedwigia PrePub Article Cpublished online June 2015 Acaulospora baetica, a new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species from two mountain ranges in Andalucía (Spain) Javier Palenzuela1, Concepción Azcón-Aguilar1, José-Miguel Barea1, Gladstone Alves da Silva2 and Fritz Oehl2,3 1 Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain 2 Departamento de Micologia, CCB, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida da Engenharia s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50740-600, Recife, PE, Brazil 3 Agroscope, Federal Research Institute of Sustainability Sciences, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Plant-Soil-Interactions, CH-8046 Zürich, Switzerland With 11 figures and 1 table Abstract: A new Acaulospora species, A. baetica, was found in two adjacent mountain ranges in Andalucía (southern Spain), i.e. in several mountainous plant communities of Sierra Nevada National Park at 1580–2912 m asl around roots of the endangered and/or endemic plants Sorbus hybrida, Artemisia umbelliformis, Hippocrepis nevadensis, Laserpitium longiradium and Pinguicula nevadensis, and in two Mediterranean shrublands of Sierra de Baza Natural Park at 1380–1855 m asl around roots of Prunus ramburii, Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymus mastichina and Lavandula latifolia among others. The fungus produced spores in single species cultures, using Sorghum vulgare or Trifolium pratense as bait plant. The spores are 69–96 × 65–92 µm in diameter, brownish creamy to light brown, often appearing with a grayish tint in the dissecting microscope. They have a pitted surface (pit sizes about 0.8–1.6 × 0.7–1.4 µm in diameter and 0.6–1.3 µm deep), and are similar in size to several other Acaulospora species with pitted spore surfaces, such as A.
    [Show full text]
  • Oman UAE & Arabian Peninsula 5
    ©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 467 Behind the Scenes SEND US YOUR FEEDBACK We love to hear from travellers – your comments keep us on our toes and help make our books better. Our well-travelled team reads every word on what you loved or loathed about this book. Although we cannot reply individually to your submissions, we always guarantee that your feed- back goes straight to the appropriate authors, in time for the next edition. Each person who sends us information is thanked in the next edition – the most useful submissions are rewarded with a selection of digital PDF chapters. Visit lonelyplanet.com/contact to submit your updates and suggestions or to ask for help. Our award-winning website also features inspirational travel stories, news and discussions. Note: We may edit, reproduce and incorporate your comments in Lonely Planet products such as guidebooks, websites and digital products, so let us know if you don’t want your comments reproduced or your name acknowledged. For a copy of our privacy policy visit lonelyplanet.com/ privacy. Kuwaitis and Bahrainis were generous with OUR READERS their time and unfailingly patient with my Many thanks to the travellers who used questions. To Jan – much strength to you the last edition and wrote to us with help- in the days (and hopefully journeys) that ful hints, useful advice and interesting lie ahead. Special, heartfelt thanks to Mari- anecdotes: na, Carlota and Valentina for enduring my Hao Yan, Jens Riiis, Johann Schelesnak, Jonas absences again and again and welcoming me Wernli, Margret van Irsel, Nicole Smoot, Peter home with such love.
    [Show full text]
  • Systematics and Biogeography of Stenodactylus Geckos
    Metallinou et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012, 12:258 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/12/258 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Conquering the Sahara and Arabian deserts: systematics and biogeography of Stenodactylus geckos (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) Margarita Metallinou1, Edwin Nicholas Arnold2, Pierre-André Crochet3, Philippe Geniez4, José Carlos Brito5, Petros Lymberakis6, Sherif Baha El Din7, Roberto Sindaco8, Michael Robinson9 and Salvador Carranza1* Abstract Background: The evolutionary history of the biota of North Africa and Arabia is inextricably tied to the complex geological and climatic evolution that gave rise to the prevalent deserts of these areas. Reptiles constitute an exemplary group in the study of the arid environments with numerous well-adapted members, while recent studies using reptiles as models have unveiled interesting biogeographical and diversification patterns. In this study, we include 207 specimens belonging to all 12 recognized species of the genus Stenodactylus. Molecular phylogenies inferred using two mitochondrial (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA) and two nuclear (c-mos and RAG-2) markers are employed to obtain a robust time-calibrated phylogeny, as the base to investigate the inter- and intraspecific relationships and to elucidate the biogeographical history of Stenodactylus, a genus with a large distribution range including the arid and hyper-arid areas of North Africa and Arabia. Results: The phylogenetic analyses of molecular data reveal the existence of three major clades within the genus Stenodactylus, which is supported by previous studies based on morphology. Estimated divergence times between clades and sub-clades are shown to correlate with major geological events of the region, the most important of which is the opening of the Red Sea, while climatic instability in the Miocene is hypothesized to have triggered diversification.
    [Show full text]
  • OMAN DESERT TREK in the Footsteps of Thesiger
    OMAN DESERT TREK In the Footsteps of Thesiger This five day journey through the sands of Oman, accompanied by Bedouin and camels, will provide students with the opportunity to learn more about Oman’s Desert Bedouin culture, as they explore the dramatic Sharqiya (Wahiba) sands. During their Desert Journey students will be taught how to bake their own bread under the sand, to grind their own cardoman coffee, and to navigate by the sun and the stars. They’ll return home motivated, refreshed and energised. The ‘In the Footsteps of Thesiger’ journey involves trekking on foot through the desert, using camels for support. Our journey through the sands follows that of an ancient trade route across the sands called the Darb Muqta’a Habl, which translates as ‘the route that cuts between the tallest dunes’, connecting the coast of the Arabian sea to the Eastern Hajar mountains. Gane and Marshall School Challenges Tel: +44(0)1822 600 300 e-mail: [email protected] website: www.schoolchallenges.co.uk Day 0 Depart UK Depart UK on Oman Air, arriving Muscat next day. Day 1 Arriva Oman, Transfer to Sharqiya Sands Fullboard camping On arrival in Muscat, Oman, you will be met by our ground support team and transported south for two hours to the edge of the Sharqiya Sands (Wahiba) desert. The focus of an intensive Royal Geographical Society research expedition in the mid 1980s, Sharqiya Sands On arrival at Sharqiya Sands the group will have a relaxed lunch, before take your first steps into the sands to set up camp for an amazing night under the desert stars.
    [Show full text]
  • Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Soil Aggregates from Fields of “Murundus” Converted to Agriculture
    Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil aggregates from fields of “murundus” converted to agriculture Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro(1), Dorotéia Alves Ferreira(2), Edicarlos Damacena de Souza(3), Helder Barbosa Paulino(4), Orivaldo José Saggin Junior(5) and José Oswaldo Siqueira(6) (1)Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Caixa Postal 3037, CEP 37200‑000 Lavras, MG, Brazil. E‑mail: [email protected](2) Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Avenida Pádua Dias, no 11, CEP 13418‑900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. E‑mail: [email protected] (3)Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Campus de Rondonópolis, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas de Rondonópolis, Rodovia MT 270, Km 06, Sagrada Família, CEP 78735‑901 Rondonópolis, MT, Brazil. E‑mail: [email protected] (4)Universidade Federal de Goiás, Regional Jataí, BR 364, Km 192, CEP 75804‑020 Jataí, GO, Brazil. E‑mail: [email protected] (5)Embrapa Agrobiologia, BR 465, Km 7, CEP 23891‑000 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil. E‑mail: [email protected] (6)Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Rua Boaventura da Silva, no 955, CEP 66055‑090 Belém, PA, Brazil. E‑mail: [email protected] Abstract – The objective of this work was to evaluate the spore density and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in soil aggregates from fields of “murundus” (large mounds of soil) in areas converted and not converted to agriculture. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five replicates, in a 5x3 factorial arrangement: five areas and three aggregate classes (macro‑, meso‑, and microaggregates).
    [Show full text]
  • A Barren Legacy? the Arabian Desert As Trope in English Travel Writing, Post-Thesiger
    A Barren Legacy? The Arabian Desert as Trope in English Travel Writing, Post-Thesiger Jenny Owen A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Nottingham Trent University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy March 2020 Note on Copyright This work is the intellectual property of the author. You may copy up to 5% of this work for private study, or personal, non-commercial research. Any re-use of the information contained within this document should be fully referenced, quoting the author, title, university, degree level and pagination. Queries or requests for any other use, or if a more substantial copy is required, should be directed to the owner of the Intellectual Property Rights. Contents Abstract ....................................................................................................................... 3 Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................... 4 Introduction: Arabia, the Land of Legend ................................................................ 5 Locating Arabia ................................................................................................... 11 Studying Arabia as a country of the mind ............................................................. 18 The Lawrence and Thesiger legacy ...................................................................... 22 Mapping the thesis: an outline of the chapters ...................................................... 27 1. In Literary Footsteps: The Prevalence of
    [Show full text]
  • Arbuscular Mycorrhizal and Citrus Growth: Overview
    ACTA SCIENTIFIC MICROBIOLOGY (ISSN: 2581-3226) Volume 2 Issue 6 June 2019 Review Article Arbuscular Mycorrhizal and Citrus Growth: Overview Waleed Fouad Abobatta* Citrus Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt *Corresponding Author: Waleed Fouad Abobatta, Citrus Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt Received: March 27,2019; Published: May 07, 2019 DOI: 10.31080/ASMI.2019.02.0226 Abstract The important role of mycorrhizae for citrus orchards recognized from last century (1935), there are about 18 arbuscular Glomus aggregatum and Claroideoglomus etunicatum are the dominant species worldwide. mycorrhizae (AM) species belong to five families, however The arbuscular mycorrhizae are highly effective in citrus orchards particularly in low fertility soil, however, Glomus aggregatum is the dominant species in citrus orchards, AM hyphae inhabits plant roots and surrounding soils too. There are various benefits for arbuscular mycorrhizae in citrus orchards such as improve water uptake, increase phosphorus and inoculation citrus seedlings by arbuscular mycorrhizae enhancing seedling growth and increase survival rate after transplanting. micronutrient absorption, enhance plant tolerant for stress conditions, improved shoot and root growth of citrus rootstock, also, Keywords: Arbuscular Mycorrhizae; Citrus Orchard; Glomus aggregatum ; Water Uptake; Stress Conditions Background [4]. Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) considered one of the main spe- ducer of orange throughout the world after Brazil, China, US, EU, cies symbioses into the soil, it could colonize more than 80% of the andCitrus Mexico trees are cultivated in various regions in Egypt and in di- higher plant species [1]. There is an imperative role for Arbuscular fferent types of soil, most varieties of citrus have small root hairs or mycorrhizae in the preservation of agro-ecosystem stability and short in soil systems, and are thus mostly dependent on AM hyphae sustainable agricultural development.
    [Show full text]
  • Oman Tourist Guide SULTANATE of Discover the Secret of Arabia
    Sultanate of Oman Tourist Guide SULTANATE OF Discover the secret of Arabia CONTENTS Sultanate 01 WELCOME // 5 of Oman 02 MUSCAT // 7 03 THE DESERT AND NIZWA // 13 04 ARABIAN RIVIERA ON THE INDIAN OCEAN // 19 05 WADIS AND THE MOUNTAIN OF SUN // 27 06 NATURE, HIKING AND ADVENTURE // 33 07 CULTURE OF OMAN // 39 08 INFORMATION // 45 Welcome 01 AHLAN! Welcome to Oman! As-salaamu alaykum, and welcome to the Head out of the city, and Oman becomes All of this, as well as a colourful annual enchanting Sultanate of Oman. Safe and even more captivating. Explore the small events calendar and a wide range of inviting, Oman will hypnotise you with towns nestled between the mountains. international sports events, ensures its fragrant ancient souks, mesmerise Visit the Bedouin villages. Drive the a travel experience unlike any other. with dramatic landscapes and leave incense route. You’ll do it all under the you spellbound with its stories. Home constant gaze of ancient forts dotted A journey of discovery awaits you in to numerous UNESCO World Heritage throughout the landscape like imposing this welcoming land at the crossroads Sites, Oman is steeped in history and sand castles. between Asia, Africa and Western has inspired some of literature’s most civilisation. Enjoy all of the marvels of famous tales. Stop by the date farms and witness the this unique setting, the ideal gateway harvesting of the roses, that cover the hills to Southern Arabia. Muscat, the vibrant capital, is full of with delicate hues of pink and fill the air memorable sites and experiences.
    [Show full text]
  • Destination Oman, UAE & Arabian Peninsula
    4 On the Road JENNY WALKER Coordinating Author It was on the fringe of the Sharqiya Sands (p216) in Oman when Abdullah al-Wahabi said ‘Come! You, me, we go together with camel.’ I looked across the desert and thought of Lady Montague plodding into the sunset on her mount. Then I noticed the Mitsubishi and realised that the modern equivalent of hitch- ing a ride with the Bedu is distinctly less glamorous. I’m standing here sizing up my travel companions, wondering whether I might wait for the bus instead. STUART BUTLER This photo was taken in the Tihama (p464) in Yemen. I saw a group of children selling two hawks on the roadside and so, being an animal caring type (and possibly a bit naive), I bought them both, went a little way out of the village and released them. Yes, I know the children probably went straight out and caught some more, but I can happily report that these two are busy massacring the local rodent population as we speak. Sorry Mr Mouse! 5 ANDREA SCHULTE-PEEVERS There’s something intensely spiritual about the vast expanses of the southern United Arab Emirates. Silent desert where only the unseen wind moves. The haunting beauty of rippling dunes, sensual and majestic. Shifting hues and moods as the sun arcs across the sky in timeless, eternal fashion. This is a land of ancient murmurings and, if you sit very still, they will speak to you. IAIN SHEARER Friends of friends had taken pity on a dusty traveller and generously invited me to lunch.
    [Show full text]
  • Association of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi with Plants of Coastal Sand Dunes of West Coast of India
    BEENA, ARUN, RAVIRAJA AND SRIDHAR 213 Tropical Ecology 42(2): 213-222, 2001 ISSN 0564-3295 © International Society for Tropical Ecology Association of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with plants of coastal sand dunes of west coast of India K.R. BEENA, A.B. ARUN, N.S. RAVIRAJA & K.R. SRIDHAR1 Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri - 574 199, Mangalore, Karnataka, India Abstract: An inventory of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal status of 28 plant species belonging to 14 families established on the coastal sand dunes of southwest coast of India was performed. Roots of 23 plant species were colonized by AM fungi, whereas the rhizosphere of only 20 plant species possessed AM fungal spores. Canavalia cathartica had the highest root colonization (83%) by AM, while the rhizosphere of Borreria articularis had the highest number of AM spores (1.6 g-1). Among 30 AM fungi recovered, Scutellospora erythropa showed a wide host range (colonized 13 plant species), while Scutellospora gregaria had high spore abundance per plant species (12.75). The mean species richness on the west coast dunes was 4.4, highest being in Ipomoea pes-caprae (11). Among the mat-forming creepers, the AM fungal diversity was highest in Alysicarpus rugosus. Resumen: Se realizó un inventario de la condición respecto a hongos micorrízicos arbus- culares (MA) para 28 especies pertenecientes a 14 familias establecidas en las dunas costeras arenosas de la costa sudoccidental de la India. Las raíces de 23 especies vegetales estuvieron colonizadas por hongos MA, mientras que la rizosfera de sólo 20 especies de plantas contuvo esporas de hongos MA.
    [Show full text]