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Bird Notes Quarterly Newsletter of the Western Australian Branch of Birdlife Australia No Western Australian Bird Notes Quarterly Newsletter of the Western Australian Branch of BirdLife Australia No. 159 September 2016 birds are in our nature Red-capped Robin, Dryandra (see report, p39). Photo by Alan Watson Above left: Franklin’s Gull, Port Denison (see Observations, p11). Above right: Whistling Kites, Irwin River estuary. Photos by Mike Lawrie Spiny-cheeked Honeyeater (above left) and White-fronted Honeyeater, Trayning. Photos by Ian Wallace Broome Bird Observatory photos: (above left) Shorebirds 2015, by Ric Else and (above right) Common Redshank, by Nigel Jackett (see also pp41,43). Front cover: Royal Spoonbill, Bardon Park, Maylands (see Observations, p11). Photo by Ian Wallace Page 2 Western Australian Bird Notes, No. 159 September 2016 Western Australian Branch of ExECuTivE COMMittee, 2016 BirdLife Australia Office: Peregrine House Chair: Dr Michael Bamford 167 Perry Lakes Drive, Floreat WA 6014 vice Chair: vacant Hours: Monday-Friday 9:30 am to 12.30 pm Telephone: (08) 9383 7749 Secretary: Dr Kathryn Napier E-mail: [email protected] Treasurer: Frank O’Connor BirdLife WA web page: www.birdlife.org.au/wa Chair: Mike Bamford Committee: Mark Henryon, Suzanne Mather, Paul Netscher, Blair Parsons, Jennifer Sumpton and Sandra BirdLife Western Australia is the WA Branch of the national organisation, BirdLife Australia. We are dedicated to creating a Wallace (three vacancies). brighter future for Australian birds. General meetings: Held at the Bold Park Eco Centre, Perry Lakes Drive, Floreat, commencing 7:30 pm on the 4th Monday of the month (except December) – see ‘Coming events’ for details. Executive meetings: Held at Peregrine House on the 2nd Monday of the month. Communicate any matters for consideration to the Chair. Western Australian Bird Notes ISSN 1445-3983 Joint WABN Editors: Allan Burbidge Tel: (08) 9405 5109 (w) Tel/Fax: (08) 9306 1642 (h) Fax: (08) 9306 1641 (w) E-mail: [email protected] Suzanne Mather Tel: (08) 9389 6416 E-mail: [email protected] Production: Margaret Philippson Printing and distribution: Daniels Printing Craftsmen Tel: (08) 9204 6800 danielspc.com.au Notes for Contributors Fairy Tern (see report, p28). Photo by Cherilyn Corker The Editors request contributors to note: • WABN publishes material of interest to the WA Branch; • contributions should be written or typed with double spacing—a copy on disk or emailed would assist, especially if in MSWord as a document without styles; do not embed pictures or graphics in MS Word; • contributions to be sent direct to the Editors, either at the office or by email: Sue Mather: [email protected] Allan Burbidge: [email protected] C o n t e n t s • WABN uses BirdLife Australia recommended English names; • except for Observations, contributions will be published 4. Working List of Australian 21. Members’ contributions unless the contributor is informed to the contrary. Birds, version 2 — a WA- 29. Crossword • Full Editorial Policy is in WABN 74:10-12 centric critique 30. Notices • WABN is not peer reviewed 10. Letters to the Editors 32. New members 10. Book review 35. Country branches Printing Deadlines (at the BirdLife WA Office) 11. Observations 38. Excursion reports December 2016 issue: 1 November 13 BirdLife WA reports 41. Observatory reports March 2017 issue: 1 February 18. Across the Nullarbor: June 2017 issue: 1 May 44. Coming events News from National Office September 2017 issue: 1 August 49. Crossword answers 19. Naming of birds 50. Calendar of events Western Australian Bird Notes, No. 159 September 2016 Page 3 THE WORKiNG LiST OF AuSTRALiAN BiRDS, vERSiON 2 – A WA-CENTRiC CRiTiQuE Editors’ note re bird checklists BirdLife’s poorly-argued solution to this poorly-argued problem, following the lead of parent body BirdLife As noted in a recent issue of WA Bird Notes (WABN 155, p international (BLi), is to apply the controversial system 29), this publication recently switched to using the BirdLife titled “Quantitative criteria for species delimitation” Australia ‘Working List of Australian Birds’ in anticipation (Tobias et al. 2010). This system uses point-based of the national organisation’s policy that this list would be scoring of multiple phenotypic characters (plumage, used in all BirdLife Australia publications, as is now the case. vocalisation, measurements, etc.) to test allopatric sister Not surprisingly, this move has stimulated a lot of debate taxa against a threshold calibrated from undisputed for various reasons. Scientific advances are likely to bring (sympatric) species pairs. if the score reaches the magic about change, and a healthy debate around the implications seven ‘Tobias points’ of difference, they are declared of scientific findings and the philosophical basis of different divergent enough to be split as species, under what is checklists is an indication of a dynamic and committed dubiously described as a “modern, broad interpretation of organisation. It could be argued that a checklist should be a the Biological Species Concept”. reflection of current knowledge, and this reflection is likely to have broad implications for many members, whether they This system gained some momentum when BLI teamed are simply interested in watching birds (e.g. usage of names up with Lynx Edicíons, publisher of the monolithic in WA Bird Notes, or in the way field guides are designed and 16-volume Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) arranged), or are directly involved in species conservation series, in a project to list and illustrate all of the world’s (e.g. through alterations in the way in which conservation bird species in the compact two-volume Illustrated priorities are perceived). The following article is the personal Checklist of the Birds of the World. volume 1 (Non- view of a WA member, but a view that is based on an Passerines) (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) is incorporated examination of the approach behind the formulation of the into Version 2 of the Working List, while Volume 2 BirdLife working list, and the application of that approach, (Passerines) is due late in 2016. Since its release, using examples taken from Western Australian birds. We the HBW/BirdLife Checklist (as it has become known; hope that this stimulates others to reflect on these questions hereafter HBW/BLi) has been adopted as the taxonomic also. list used by a number of conservation-oriented Allan Burbidge and Sue Mather organisations, including for use in several migratory bird agreements, the European Union Birds Directive, the iuCN Red List, and of course now BirdLife Australia’s Working List. Sharp-eyed readers will have noted that Western Australian Bird Notes, which has long followed “BirdLife Criticisms of the approach Australia recommended names”, has recently signalled At the same time, biting criticisms of the HBW/BLi a transition from the static and increasingly outdated approach have been voiced by influential ornithologists monographic list of Christidis and Boles (2008), to the tied to regional taxonomic committees, including George dynamic document termed the “Working List of Australian Sangster (Stockholm university and British Ornithologists’ Birds”. The latter was recently updated to Version 2 union Taxonomic Subcommittee) (Sangster 2015), J. (BirdLife Australia 2016), so it is timely to review this list v. ‘van’ Remsen (Louisiana State university, American and its broader implications, with a particular focus on Ornithologists’ union Checklist committee and South Western Australian birds. American Classification Committee) (Remsen 2015, The Working List is an ambitious but worthy project to 2016), and the Ornithological Society of the Middle East maintain a list of not only Australia’s bird species and (Blair et al. 2015). Their list of criticisms is long and recommended Australian English names, but also their detailed, including that the Tobias scheme: subspecies (i.e. ultrataxa), status, and conservation • assigns points without functional reference to assessments within a single list and associated database. reproductive isolation, contrary to the Biological The efforts to compile an up-to-date list of subspecies Species Concept (BSC) represent a big step forward from Christidis and Boles • (2008), while conservation assessments to ultrataxon is extremely simplistic in its treatment of the rich level build a vital bank of information. However, the signal from contact zones (e.g. assortative vs non- most controversial element of the Working List lies in assortative mating), and downplays the almost diagnostic significance of divergence in true parapatry its taxonomic approach, which is justified in somewhat defensive terms on the BirdLife Australia website (see • ignores hybrid swarms and clinal intergradation in http://birdlife.org.au/conservation/science/taxonomy). contact zones (thus absurdly splitting North America’s Their confusingly non-sequential rationale could be Red-shafted and Yellow-shafted Flicker, one of the summarised as follows: taxonomists can never agree on best studied intergradation zones in the avian world) a single definition of a species; fortunately this doesn’t • fails to require diagnosability criteria, or even matter at all for bird conservation, because they can be statistical significance protected whatever their taxonomic level (as ultrataxa); nevertheless it is somehow very important for bird • is wasteful of known character differences, conservation to adopt a stable and consistent species- particularly for song, and ignores the great value of level taxonomy. multivariate
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