DOCSLIB.ORG

Article Full Text

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Article Full Text 10:15 A NEW SUBGENUS AND NEW SPECIES OF CRAYFISH (DECAPODA: CAMBARIDAE), WITH AN AMMENDED DESCRIPTION OF THE SUBGENUS LACUN1CAMBARUS. Raymond F. Jezerinac, Department of Zoology, The Ohio State Technical Section University at Newark, University Drive, Newark., Ohio 43055. A new subgenus of crayfish and a new species are described. The new subgenus differs from the subgenus Lacunicambarus in having one-third to one-fourth of the palm of the chelae studded with tubercles, the dactyl to palm Abstracts length is always < 1.8, and a subpalmar tubercle is usually absent. The new species is most closely related to Cambarus (Lacunicambarus) acanthura Hobbs but differs from it in that NOTE: Abstracts of posters follow abstracts of podium presentations by section. the distomedian spine on the mesial ramus of the uropod does not overreach the rounded margin of the ramus and the merus always has a well developed spiniform tubercle on the anterior ventral articulation rim. The species occurs in Kentucky, Ohio, Pannsylvania, Tennessee, and West Virginia. 10:30 SYSTEMATICS OF Notropis ypluce 11 us AND Notrppjs wickllffi (CYPRINIDAE: PISCES) FROM OHIO A. Zoology WATERS. Lixin Gong and Ted M. Cavender, Museum of Zoology, Only Morning at 9:45 am The Ohio State University, 1813 North High Street, Columbus, Ohio, 43210 SATURDAY, APRIL 27, 1991 Since its description, the channel shiner, Notropis University Hall 024 wic.k.llffj.i has been considered a subspecies of the mimic shiner, Notropjs voluceljus. A definitive morphological Miles Coburn, Presiding analysis of the two forms via multivariate and univariate techniques revealed that the two forms are distinct species. Discriminant function analyses classified the two species 96-99 % correctly. AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF FOUR HAMILTON COUNTY 9:45 PARKS. David Rubin. Department of Biology, Within Notropis volucellus, the variation in morphometric Central State University, Wilberforce, OH 45384 and meristic characters was significant among populations of the same major drainage basin and between basin populations. Some characters, such as vertebral number, From 1988 to 1990, four Hamilton County parks were surveyed number of lateral line scales, number of predorsal scales, for amphibians and reptiles. Field work was supplemented caudal peduncle depth, and predorsal length, exhibited by library search, examination of museum specimens, and north-south clines. These were correlated with latitudinal personal interview. Parks studied were Embshoff Woods (226 environmental variables such as temperature and light. Due acres), Shawnee Lookout Park above the Lawrenceburg Road to the great divergence of morphological characters across (773 acres), Woodland Mound Park (920 acres), and Miami- its range, more taxonomic forms could be revealed within Whitewater Forest (2262 acres). Numbers of species record- "Notropis volucellus" than currently recognized if a total ed were 10, 14, 20, and 27 respectively. Herpetological geographic analysis was conducted. diversity was positively correlated with park size and general ecological diversity. The cave salamander (Eurycea In Ohio, the two species, Notrgpis volucellus and Notropis lucifuga), endangered in Ohio, was recorded from Embshoff wick!iffi, had similar biological characters, such as age Woods" and from several sites in Miami-Whitewater Forest. and growth, fecundity and reproductive season but Other significant records include dusky (Desmognathus possessed distinctly different habitats. The Ohio River fuscus) and slimy (Plethodon glutinosus) salamanders at was found to be the exclusive domain of N^ wickliffi. Woodland Mound Park and the worm snake (Carphophis amoenus) at Miami-Whitewater Forest. Red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus) or ravine salamander (P_. richmondi) 10:45 MONITORING FISHES OF THE OHIO RIVER. Ted was recorded from each park but no park yielded both. M. Cavender and Judith K. Cavender, Hamilton County parks serve as important reservoirs for Museum of Zoology, The Ohio State University, 1813 amphibians and reptiles. Greatest danger to continued North High Street, Columbus, Ohio, 43210. viability of park populations comes from park development and private development of bordering land. Amphibian and Fish collections were made with a bag seine at reptile populations at Miami-Whitewater Forest do not 105 boat launching ramps distributed along the appear adversely affected by proximity to the Fernald length of the Ohio River as part of a study to test Nuclear Enrichment Plant. the ability of ramp sampling to monitor the river's fish populations. Ramps are fairly evenly distributed on both sides of the river in both 10:00 THE DISTRIBUTION OF CAMBARUS (JUGICAMBARUS) channel margin and backwater habitats. The MONONGALENSIS ORTMANN (DECAPODA: CAMBARIDAE) technique was especially effective at capturing WITH COMMENTS ON ITS TAXONOMIC STATUS, LIFE data on young-of-the-year, was efficient in actual HISTORY, AND HABITAT. G. Whitney Stoctcer, 13773 Bodle Rd. , collecting time expended (<0.5 man hours per NE, and Raymond F. Jezerinac, The Ohio State University at sample) and was rich in information on the Newark, University Dr., Newark, Ohio 43055. distribution and relative abundance of fish taxa. Sixty-seven species and two hybrid combinations Two disjunct populations of Cambarus (J_.) monongalensis were identified from more than 18,000 individuals exist. One population is confined to the mountains of West sampled between river miles 43.5 and 980.9. Forty Virginia and Virginia and the other to the Appalachian seven species were recorded upstream from Markland Plateau in West Virginia and Pennsylvania. Though 178 Dam (RM 531.5) and 49 downstream. Significant specimens were examined, there were no statistically records include the Mississippi silverside, Menidia significant morphometric (13) or meristic (2) characters beryl 1ina. Captures at RM 973.1, 951.1, 942.5 and that differentiated the populations other than size. The 881.0 are apparently new records for the Ohio River plateau populations tended to have larger chelae, longer and indicate this species is extending its range dactyls, shorter palms, and the areola is longer and upstream from its previous reported occurrence narrower than the mountain populations. The populations on (circa 1975) at the Ohio-Mississippi River the plateau also have either an obtuse or an absent confluence. suborbital angle and the ventrolateral margin of the merus of the first pereiopod usually has one spine, whereas the mountain populations usually have an acute suborbital angle A. Zoology and the merus usually has two or three spines. The mountain populations inhabit springs and seeps, whereas the plateau Only Afternoon & Business Mtg. at 1:30 pm populations inhabit wooded hillsides and occasionally seeps. First form males are probably present year round and SATURDAY, APRIL 27, 1991 the majority of females probably extrude their eggs sometime between January and April, but can be as late as July. The University Hall 024 plateau populations collects leaves of deciduous trees and Miles Coburn, Presiding herbaceous plants as food. The diet of the mountain population is unknown. 23 ANALYSIS OF MITOCHONDRIAL SEQUENCE VARIATION 2:45 THE ALLOMETRY OF COOLING, SUPERCOOLING 2:00 IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF LAKE VICTORIA AND FREEZING IN THE FREEZE-TOLERANT CICHLID FISH. Gregory C. Booton*, Doug Warmolts+, TURTLE, CHRYSEMYS PICTA. Peter A. Zani & Sandy Andromeda+, Paul A. Fuerst*. *The Ohio State University, Dept. of Dennis L. Claussen. Dept. of Zoology, Miami Univ., Molecular Genetics, 484 W. 12th. Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, and +The Oxford, Oh. 45056. Columbus Zoo, 9900 Riverside Drive, Powell, Ohio 43065. Although several vertebrates are freeze Recent developments in molecular techniques such as the Polymerase tolerant, little is known of the relationship Chain Reaction (PCR), and DNA fingerprinting have provided researchers with between body size and the kinetics of cooling and powerful methods to examine underlying genetic variation of populations, as freezing. We compared these responses for six well as the taxonomic relationships between and among species. We are using hatchling and eight adult Chrysemys picta from a these methods to examine the genetic variation of endangered African Cichlid single Ohio population. All turtles initially fishes, which are being propagated in captivity at the Columbus Zoo. recovered from freezing, and all adults, but only Lake Victorian cichlid fishes make up a large species flock of some 250+ two hatchlings (which experienced ice contents of species. This large association of closely related species represents a burst of about 35%), exhibited long-term survival. Rapid speciation of interest to evolutionary biologists due to the relatively short period thawing may have compromised hatchling survival. of time in which it occurred (less than one million years). The opportunity to Turtle water content was inversely related to body study these species, and their evolutionary history is now threatened. The mass, but we found no significant correlation introduction of a non-native predator fish (the Nile perch ), pollution, and between the extent of supercooling and body size. overfishing have combined to threaten the entire assemblage with extinction. Pre-freezing and post-freezing cooling rates To preserve these species for research, and possible re-introduction to the scaled with body mass to the -0.55 and -0.40 power native environment, a species protection plan has been formulated. Our
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Information to Users
    INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Order Number 9111799 Evolutionary morphology of the locomotor apparatus in Arachnida Shultz, Jeffrey Walden, Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Tc & Forward & Owls-I-IX
    USDA Forest Service 1997 General Technical Report NC-190 Biology and Conservation of Owls of the Northern Hemisphere Second International Symposium February 5-9, 1997 Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Editors: James R. Duncan, Zoologist, Manitoba Conservation Data Centre Wildlife Branch, Manitoba Department of Natural Resources Box 24, 200 Saulteaux Crescent Winnipeg, MB CANADA R3J 3W3 <[email protected]> David H. Johnson, Wildlife Ecologist Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife 600 Capitol Way North Olympia, WA, USA 98501-1091 <[email protected]> Thomas H. Nicholls, retired formerly Project Leader and Research Plant Pathologist and Wildlife Biologist USDA Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station 1992 Folwell Avenue St. Paul, MN, USA 55108-6148 <[email protected]> I 2nd Owl Symposium SPONSORS: (Listing of all symposium and publication sponsors, e.g., those donating $$) 1987 International Owl Symposium Fund; Jack Israel Schrieber Memorial Trust c/o Zoological Society of Manitoba; Lady Grayl Fund; Manitoba Hydro; Manitoba Natural Resources; Manitoba Naturalists Society; Manitoba Critical Wildlife Habitat Program; Metro Propane Ltd.; Pine Falls Paper Company; Raptor Research Foundation; Raptor Education Group, Inc.; Raptor Research Center of Boise State University, Boise, Idaho; Repap Manitoba; Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada; USDI Bureau of Land Management; USDI Fish and Wildlife Service; USDA Forest Service, including the North Central Forest Experiment Station; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; The Wildlife Society - Washington Chapter; Wildlife Habitat Canada; Robert Bateman; Lawrence Blus; Nancy Claflin; Richard Clark; James Duncan; Bob Gehlert; Marge Gibson; Mary Houston; Stuart Houston; Edgar Jones; Katherine McKeever; Robert Nero; Glenn Proudfoot; Catherine Rich; Spencer Sealy; Mark Sobchuk; Tom Sproat; Peter Stacey; and Catherine Thexton.
    [Show full text]
  • Wisconsin Entomoloqical Society Newsletter
    Wisconsin Entomoloqical Society Newsletter Volwne 44, Number 3 October 2017 Stanley W. Szczytko (1949-2017) Szczytko was a longtime member of the Port Superior Marina in Bayfield, Wisconsin, [Editor's note - I am indebted to Dreux J. from which he often sailed with friends and Watermolen, Wisconsin Department of family. A memorial service for Szczytko Natural Resources, for sharing most of the was held on September 7 at the Sentry following information with us.] World Grand Hall. A memorial scholarship is being created in his name at UWSP. Dr. Stanley W. Szczytko, a stonefly expert from the University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point (UWSP), died as a result of a sailing The Harvestmen or Daddy Long-legs of accident on Lake Superior on August 30. He Wisconsin was 68 years old. Szczytko had retired from UWSP in 2013, after attaining the title of By Dreux J. Watermolen Professor of Water Resources. He taught in Dreux. [email protected] the College of Natural Resources (CNR) from 1979 to 2012. ln 1984, he was named Introduction the intern program coordinator and in 1989 the UWSP Water Resources Coordinator. The harvestmen or daddy long-legs During his tenure, Szczytko trained many (Arachnida: Opiliones) have been the young entomologists and future water subject of minimal study in Wisconsin. Levi resources specialists. He also helped to and Levi ( 1952), tangential to their work on establish the CNR's Aquatic Biomonitoring spiders (Araneae), published a preliminary Laboratory in 1985. checklist of fourteen species of harvestmen found in the state along with a key to their Szczytko, a native of New Jersey, had genera.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Heritage Program List of Rare Animal Species of North Carolina 2018
    Natural Heritage Program List of Rare Animal Species of North Carolina 2018 Carolina Northern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) photo by Clifton Avery Compiled by Judith Ratcliffe, Zoologist North Carolina Natural Heritage Program N.C. Department of Natural and Cultural Resources www.ncnhp.org C ur Alleghany rit Ashe Northampton Gates C uc Surry am k Stokes P d Rockingham Caswell Person Vance Warren a e P s n Hertford e qu Chowan r Granville q ot ui a Mountains Watauga Halifax m nk an Wilkes Yadkin s Mitchell Avery Forsyth Orange Guilford Franklin Bertie Alamance Durham Nash Yancey Alexander Madison Caldwell Davie Edgecombe Washington Tyrrell Iredell Martin Dare Burke Davidson Wake McDowell Randolph Chatham Wilson Buncombe Catawba Rowan Beaufort Haywood Pitt Swain Hyde Lee Lincoln Greene Rutherford Johnston Graham Henderson Jackson Cabarrus Montgomery Harnett Cleveland Wayne Polk Gaston Stanly Cherokee Macon Transylvania Lenoir Mecklenburg Moore Clay Pamlico Hoke Union d Cumberland Jones Anson on Sampson hm Duplin ic Craven Piedmont R nd tla Onslow Carteret co S Robeson Bladen Pender Sandhills Columbus New Hanover Tidewater Coastal Plain Brunswick THE COUNTIES AND PHYSIOGRAPHIC PROVINCES OF NORTH CAROLINA Natural Heritage Program List of Rare Animal Species of North Carolina 2018 Compiled by Judith Ratcliffe, Zoologist North Carolina Natural Heritage Program N.C. Department of Natural and Cultural Resources Raleigh, NC 27699-1651 www.ncnhp.org This list is dynamic and is revised frequently as new data become available. New species are added to the list, and others are dropped from the list as appropriate. The list is published periodically, generally every two years.
    [Show full text]
  • Harvestmen of the Family Phalangiidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) in the Americas
    Special Publications Museum of Texas Tech University Number xx67 xx17 XXXX July 20182010 Harvestmen of the Family Phalangiidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) in the Americas James C. Cokendolpher and Robert G. Holmberg Front cover: Opilio parietinus in copula (male on left with thicker legs and more spines) from Baptiste Lake, Athabasca County, Alberta. Photograph by Robert G. Holmberg. SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS Museum of Texas Tech University Number 67 Harvestmen of the Family Phalangiidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) in the Americas JAMES C. COKENDOLPHER AND ROBERT G. HOLMBERG Layout and Design: Lisa Bradley Cover Design: Photograph by Robert G. Holmberg Production Editor: Lisa Bradley Copyright 2018, Museum of Texas Tech University This publication is available free of charge in PDF format from the website of the Natural Sciences Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University (nsrl.ttu.edu). The authors and the Museum of Texas Tech University hereby grant permission to interested parties to download or print this publication for personal or educational (not for profit) use. Re-publication of any part of this paper in other works is not permitted without prior written permission of the Museum of Texas Tech University. This book was set in Times New Roman and printed on acid-free paper that meets the guidelines for per- manence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. Printed: 17 July 2018 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Special Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University, Number 67 Series Editor: Robert D. Bradley Harvestmen of the Family Phalangiidae (Arachnida, Opiliones) in the Americas James C.
    [Show full text]
  • Full Program (.PDF)
    48th Annual Meeting of the American Arachnological Society 16-20 June 2019 Lexington, Virginia Table of Contents Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ 1 Venue and Town ................................................................................................................. 1 Emergency Contacts .......................................................................................................... 2 American Arachnological Society Code of Professional Conduct ............................. 3 MEETING SCHEDULE IN BRIEF ....................................................................................... 4 MEETING SCHEDULE ........................................................................................................ 6 POSTER TITLES AND AUTHORS ................................................................................... 15 ABSTRACTS ...................................................................................................................... 18 ORAL PRESENTATION ABSTRACTS ..................................................................................... 19 POSTER ABSTRACTS ............................................................................................................... 47 CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS ...................................................................................... 63 Acknowledgements This meeting was made possible by the enthusiastic support of numerous people. We are especially grateful
    [Show full text]
  • Conservation
    CONSERVATION ecapod crustaceans in the families Astacidae, recreational and commercial bait fisheries, and serve as a Cambaridae, and Parastacidae, commonly known profitable and popular food resource. Crayfishes often make as crayfishes or crawfishes, are native inhabitants up a large proportion of the biomass produced in aquatic of freshwater ecosystems on every continent systems (Rabeni 1992; Griffith et al. 1994). In streams, sport except Africa and Antarctica. Although nearly worldwide fishes such as sunfishes and basses (family Centrarchidae) in distribution, crayfishes exhibit the highest diversity in may consume up to two-thirds of the annual production of North America north of Mexico with 338 recognized taxa crayfishes, and as such, crayfishes often comprise critical (308 species and 30 subspecies). Mirroring continental pat- food resources for these fishes (Probst et al. 1984; Roell and terns of freshwater fishes (Warren and Burr 1994) and fresh- Orth 1993). Crayfishes also contribute to the maintenance of water mussels (J. D. Williams et al. 1993), the southeastern food webs by processing vegetation and leaf litter (Huryn United States harbors the highest number of crayfish species. and Wallace 1987; Griffith et al. 1994), which increases avail- Crayfishes are a significant component of aquatic ecosys- ability of nutrients and organic matter to other organisms. tems. They facilitate important ecological processes, sustain In some rivers, bait fisheries for crayfishes constitute an Christopher A. Taylor and Melvin L. Warren, Jr. are cochairs of the Crayfish Subcommittee of the AFS Endangered Species Committee. They can be contacted at the Illinois Natural History Survey, Center for Biodiversity, 607 E. Peabody Drive, Champaign, IL 61820, and U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Fisheries Conservation Status of Crayfish Species Paddlefish Conservation Case Study
    VOL 32 NO 8 AUGUST 2007 Fish News Legislative Update Journal Highlights FisheriesFisheries Calendar American Fisheries Society • www.fisheries.org Job Center Conservation Status of Crayfish Species Paddlefish Conservation Case Study Fisheries • VOL 32 NO 8 • AUGUST 2007 • WWW.FISHERIES.ORG 365 Northwest Marine Tcchnology, Inc. 366 Fisheries • VOL 32 NO 8 • AUGUST 2007 • WWW.FISHERIES.ORG VOL 32 NO 8 AUGUST 2007 372 AMERIFisheriescan FIshERIES SOCIETY • WWW.FIshERIES.ORG EDitOriaL / SUbsCriPtiON / CirCULatiON OffiCES 5410 Grosvenor Lane, Suite 110 • Bethesda, MD 20814-2199 301/897-8616 • fax 301/897-8096 • [email protected] The American Fisheries Society (AFS), founded in 1870, is the oldest and largest professional society representing fisheries scientists. The AFS promotes scientific research and enlightened management of aquatic resources 390 for optimum use and enjoyment by the public. It also XXX encourages comprehensive education of fisheries scientists and continuing on-the-job training. AFS OFFICERS FISHERIES EDITORS Contents STAFF PRESIDENT SENIOR EDITOR SCIENCE Jennifer L. Nielsen Ghassan “Gus” N. EDITORS COLUMN: COLUMN: PRESIDENT ElECT Rassam Madeleine 368 PRESIDENT’S HOOK 398 GUEST DIRECTOR’S LINE Mary C. Fabrizio DIRECTOR OF Hall-Arber New Features for AFS Publications FIRST PUBLICATIONS Ken Ashley Thanks for an Incredible Year VICE PRESIDENT Aaron Lerner Doug Beard As part of an ongoing effort to make AFS William G. Franzin MANAGING Ken Currens Through commitment and hardwork the AFS publications more and more useful for fisheries SECOND EDITOR William E. Kelso volunteer membership has accomplished professionals, several new features have been VICE PRESIDENT Beth Beard Deirdre M. Kimball Donald C. Jackson PRODUCTION Robert T.
    [Show full text]
  • Arachnida, Opiliones)
    Murphree, C. S . 1988 . Morphology of the dorsal integument of ten opilionid species (Arachnida , Opiliones) . J. Arachnol ., 16 :237-252 . MORPHOLOGY OF THE DORSAL INTEGUMENT O F TEN OPILIONID SPECIES (ARACHNIDA, OPILIONES) C. Steven Murphre e Department of Biology Middle Tennessee State University Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132 US A ABSTRAC T Specimens of Siro exilis Hoffman, Vonones sayi (Simon), Erebomaster sp ., Leiobunum vittatu m (Say), Leiobunum holtae McGhee, Hadrohunus maculosus (Wood), Eumesosorna nigrum (Say) , Odiellus pictus (Wood), Caddo agilis Banks, and Hesperonemastoma kepharti (Crosby and Bishop ) were investigated using scanning electron microscopy . Features of the dorsal integument of eac h specimen are described using available terminology . Variations in the generalized tuberculate-granulate morphology were observed in eight of the ten species studied . V. sayi, C. agilis, and O . pictus exhibit a morphological gradient in features of their dorsal integuments . The presence of micropores is reporte d from the apices of tubercles of L. vittatum, L . holtae, H. maculosus, and O . pictus and from th e cuticular backgrounds of S. exilis, V. sayi, and E. nigrum . The morphological descriptions and comparisons presented provide a terminology for describing opilionid cuticular features . INTRODUCTION Species of the order Opiliones are often characterized by prominen t protuberances, spines, and ornamented cuticles, especially in the suborder Laniatores (Shear and Gruber 1983) . Studies with scanning electron microscop y (SEM) reveal still other, smaller, cuticular features . In the past, morphological studies of arthropod integuments have been primarily limited to insects . Although various morphological descriptions of the arachnid cuticle exist in the literature, a consistent descriptive terminology is currently unavailable .
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on the Biology of the Unidentified Invasive Harvestman
    Arachnologische Mitteilungen 41: 17-30 Nürnberg, Juli 2011 Notes on the biology of the unidentified invasive harvestman Leiobunum sp. (Arachnida: Opiliones) Hay Wijnhoven doi: 10.5431/aramit4103 Abstract: Since about the year 2000 an unidentified, introduced harvestman of the genus Leiobunum has been rapidly invading Europe. The published records are from the Netherlands, Germany, Austria and Switzerland. A population of Leiobunum sp. in the Netherlands was studied frequently during the day and night. Its life cycle, hunting strategy, diet and accompanying harvestman species were recorded, and mating, male-male fights and ovipositing behaviour studied, as well as the spider species preying on this Leiobunum species. Food items were collected, indicating that its food consists of a wide range of live as well as dead invertebrates including spent spider prey scavenged for at ground level. Vegetable matter like berries, as well as bird droppings were also consumed. The mating strategy is very complex. A male guards an egg depositing female and he defends her against other advancing males, resulting in male-male fights. The guarding male frequently mates. Also courtship behaviour has been observed, including nuptial feeding with a fluid, probably originating from the accessory penal glands and delivered by the male into the female’s stomotheca via sacs located on the distal part of the penis truncus. Eggs are deposited in holes and crevices of walls. Zusammenfassung: Zur Biologie des nicht identifizierten invasiven Weberknechtes Leibunum sp. (Arachnida: Opili- ones). Seit dem Jahr 2000 breitet sich eine eingeschleppte und bislang nicht identifizierte Weberknechtart der Gattung Leiobunum rasch in West- und Mitteleuropa aus.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomic Revision of the Leiobunum Curvipalpe-Group (Arachnida, Opiliones, Phalangiidae)
    Taxonomic Revision of the Leiobunum curvipalpe-Group (Arachnida, Opiliones, Phalangiidae). : I. hikocola-, hiasai-, Title kohyai-, and platypenis-Subgroups. (With 21 Text-figures and 2 Tables) Author(s) TSURUSAKI, Nobuo Citation 北海道大學理學部紀要, 24(1), 1-42 Issue Date 1985-03 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/27686 Type bulletin (article) File Information 24(1)_P1-42.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Taxonomic Revision of the Leiobunum curvipalpe-Group (Arachnida, Opiliones, Phalangiidae). I. hikocola-, hiasai-, kohyai-, and platypenis-Subgroups.l) By Nobuo Tsurusaki Zoological Institute, Hokkaido University (With 21 Text-figures and 2 Tables) Contents Introduction ............................................................ 2 Materials and Methods ................ .. 2 1. The General Features of the Curvipalpe-group. .. 3 1.1. Morphology ...................................................... 3 1.2. Distribution...................................................... 5 1.3. Biology.......................................................... 5 1.4. Relationship to Other Members of Leiobunum ........................ 8 2. Classification Within the Curvipalpe-group .............................. 10 2.1. Taxonomic Characters ............................................ 11 2.2. Sub grouping of the Curvipalpe-group ................................ 13 2.3. Key to the Species of the Curvipalpe-group .......................... 17 3. Descriptions and Records of Species and Races .........................
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Communication and Ecology in Eupnoi Harvestmen 2
    1 Chemical communication and ecology in Eupnoi harvestmen 2 3 Ignacio Escalante 4 Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management. University of California - Berkeley, 5 California, USA. Email: [email protected]. 130 Mulford Hall. Berkeley, CA, USA. 94720. 6 Abstract 7 Communication via chemical signals and cues is a widespread modality in animals. Producing, 8 transmitting, receiving and processing chemical compounds impose important challenges. Nonetheless, 9 certain arthropods rely almost exclusively on this channel for intra- and inter-specific communication. 10 Through a preliminary literature review, I summarize here the morphological, behavioral and evolutionary 11 implications of chemical communication in harvestmen (the arachnid order Opiliones), with particular 12 emphasis in one group: the Eupnoi or “Daddy Long-legs”. This group has a unique secretory gland that 13 opens in an ozopore in their dorsum. While relying mostly on short-range olfaction and contact 14 chemoreception using different setae, some harvestmen are known to use chemicals in defense, alarm, 15 spatial marking, recruitment, or reproduction. I then propose future research direction on the 16 mechanisms of production and the evolutionary history of these traits. Specific questions can include (1) 17 are chemical signals used as alarm pheromones in Eupnoi aggregations? (2) Do harvestmen rely on 18 chemicals to mark their traditional roosting sites? If so, what are the chemicals involved and how do 19 those differ from the ones used as alarm signals? Also, (3) what are the specific functions of the chemical 20 communication during in female-male communication and multi-specific roosting aggregations? And (4) 21 to what extent the use of chemical defenses imposes a trade-off with other defense mechanisms such as 22 ‘playing dead’ or voluntarily releasing legs.
    [Show full text]