DOCSLIB.ORG

The Ceratioid Fishes of the Genus Thaumatichthys Osteology, Relationships, Distribution and Biology by E

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Ceratioid Fishes of the Genus Thaumatichthys Osteology, Relationships, Distribution and Biology by E THE CERATIOID FISHES OF THE GENUS THAUMATICHTHYS OSTEOLOGY, RELATIONSHIPS, DISTRIBUTION AND BIOLOGY BY E. BERTELSEN and PAUL J. STRUHSAKER Zoological Museum National Marine Fisheries Service University of Copenhagen NOAA, Honolulu ABSTRACT On the basis of a total of 26 specimens of the genus known specimens of this genus represent three Thaumatichthys, ranging from larvae to adults, a species: T. pagidostomus Smith & Radcliffe, T. bing- general description of the genus is presented, in- hami Parr, and T. axeli (Bruun). cluding the osteology, dentition, jaw mechanism and The relationships of Thaumatichthys to other illicium and esca structures of the females and a de- genera of Ceratioidei is discussed mainly on basis of scription of the previously unknown male. The gen- a comparative study of a representative of the genus era Amacrodon Regan & Trewavas and Galathea- Lasiognathus Regan. Diagnosis of the family and thauma Bruun are synonymized with Thaumatich- keys to its genera and the species of Thaumatichthys thys Smith & Radcliffe and it is concluded that the are provided. CONTENTS I. Introduction ................................................................ 7 IV. Biology and function of jaw mechanism ......................... 29 If. General description of the genus ................................... 9 V. Classification and relationships with a comparative A. Females ................................................................. 9 description of the osteology of Lmiognathus .................... 31 1. Osteology .......................................................... 9 VI. Taxonomy .................................................................... 35 2. Dentition of jaws ................................................. 15 Family THAUMATICHTHYIDAE .............................. 35 3. Illicium and esca ................................................. 19 Genus Thawnatichthys .............................................. 35 4. Sense organs ....................................................... 22 Thaumatichthyspagidostomus ................................... 36 5. Ovaries ............................................................... 23 Thaumutichthys binghami ......................................... 36 6. Skin and color ..................................................... 24 Thaumatichthys axeii ............................................... 37 B. Males ...................................................................... 24 VII. Summary ...................................................................... 37 C. Larvae .................................................................... 27 Appendix ............................................................................. 38 111. Distribution .................................................................. 28 References ........................................................................... 40 I. INTRODUCTION In a bottom haul with a herring otter trawl at 3570 altogether one of the oddest creatures in the teeming m depth in the east Pacific, the Galathea Expedition variety of the fish world" (cf. PI. 1). Besides data on caught a fish which the leader of the expedition, Dr. the catch, he provided a painting of the nearly 450 Anton F. Bruun, in the popular report on the cruise mm long fish, gave a short general description of the (Bruun 1953, 1956) declared "unquestionably the specimen, and named it Galatheathauma axeli, a strangest catch of the Galathea Expedition, and new genus and species of deep-sea angler fishes (Ceratioidea). Bruun made preparations for a scien- Pacific coast of Mexico, a catch of a specimen, 22 tific publication to replace this preliminary note but, mm s.l., which he referred to T.pagidostomus. due to his untimely death in 1961, it was not finished. Including the Galathea specimen, the total num- Bruun was aware that the most outstanding ber of hitherto recorded specimens of this group is character of this fish, the position of the light organ thus nine, assigned to three species and genera. (esca) in the roof of the mouth instead of on top of When, after Anton Bruun's death, the senior the head and the extreme development of the upper author of this paper (E.B.) took over the study of jaw and its teeth, was not quite unique among cera- the Galathea specimen, and had the opportunity to tioids. He wrote (Bruun 1956) "We found that a compare it with the recorded specimens of Thaumat- small specimen, eight centimetres long, of a similar ichthys and Amacrodon, it became evident that the type, had been taken by an American expedition in differences on which the separation in genera were 1908, in Indonesia in 1385 metres of water ..." This based could be ascribed to differences in age and first representative of this kind of ceratioid was that they, consequently, all should be referred to described by Smith and Radcliffe (1912). It was a Thaumatichthys Smith & Radcliffe, 19 12. Study of a most curious fish which they rightly named "the new specimen obtained by the other author (P.S.) trap-mouthed wonderfish": Thaumatichthys pagido- confirmed this, but added to the difficulties in sepa- stomus. Having the first dorsal fin ray transformed rating the species. More material was needed to be into a lure and lacking pelvic fins, it could be able to judge ontogenetic and individual variation, referred to the pediculate fishes of the suborder and partly for this reason publication was +st- Ceratioidei. However, in several features it differed poned. Meanwhile, increased effort in deep-sea to such an extent from the then known species that research in recent years has resulted in the collec- they placed it in a separate new family, the Thaumat- tion of a considerable number of specimens of this ichthyidae. Among other things it was distinguished genus, which have kindly been made available for by the greatly expanded and depressed head, with this study. enormously developed movable premaxillaries Including the previously known 9 specimens, the which carried long hooked teeth and were anteri- study material consists of 26 specimens, represen- orly widely separated, only connected by membra- ting stages from larvae of 3 mm s.1. to adults of nous skin. Furthermore, the bulb of illicium pro- about 365 mm s.1. Most of the specimens are fe- jected from the underside of this membrane just in- males. Besides three larval males described by side the mouth. Bertelsen (1951), only a single adolescent male has The next specimen referred to Thaumatichthys been obtained. After the study was completed was described by Parr (1927). It was caught in a information on 6 additional females was received. Of midwater trawl fished with 8000 feet of wire in the this total of 32 specimens, 25 were caught in the western North Atlantic. The specimen differed from Caribbean and adjacent Atlantic waters, and only 5, the type of T. pagidostomus in size (39 versus 59 mm including the type of T. pagidostomus, the Galathea s.1. (standard length)), in development of eyes and specimen, and 2 larvae, are from the Indo-Pacific. teeth, and, according to the description, in number From this material we have concluded that three of dorsal fin rays. It was made the type of a new species comprise the genus Thaumatichthys: T. pagi- species T. binghami Parr, 1927. Regan and Tre- dostomus, T. binghami, and T. axeli. wavas (1932) placed this species in a separate new genus, Amacrodon, solely based on the absence of the pair of very long hooked premaxillary teeth found in the type of T. pagidostomus. Parr (1934) Acknowledgments accepted this separation when, without description, he reported a second specimen of "Amacrodon bing- We are most grateful to the following persons and hami" caught in the same area as the type specimen. institutions for loans and gifts of specimens: Bertelsen (1951) tentatively referred to Thaumat- Richard C. Robins and John C. Staiger, Univer- ichthys pagidostomus four larval specimens (4.4 to sity of Miami, Marine Laboratory (UMML); Har- 24 mm in total length) from the Dana Expeditions, vey R. Bullis, National Marine Fisheries Service, on basis of osteological characters and number of Pascagola (specimens now in USNM); Richard H. dorsal fin rays. Rosenblatt and Carl L. Hubbs, Scripps Institution Finally, Brewer (1973) reported, from off the of Oceanography (SIO); Robert J. Lavenberg, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County of Miami, Marine Laboratory for hospitality and (LACM); Cara Cashman, Depmment of Ocean- assistance during visits to these institutions. For ography, Texas University; and G.E. Maul, Museu helpful discussions we are indebted to Theodore Municipal do Funchal, Madeira. Many thanks are W. Pietsch, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Mar- due to colleagues at the U.S. National Museum, ward University, and J~rgenNielsen, Zoological Bingham Oceanographical Collection and University Museum, University of Copenhagen. %I.GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE GENUS THAWATICHTWYS A. FEMALES Finally, comparisons were made with the alizarin stained larval mde described by Bertelsen (1951). The most characteristic external features of meta- Except for ontogenetic differences, the skeletons of morphosed female Thaumatichthys are 1) the broad the examined specimens were extremely alike in and depressed head and anterior part of body; 2) nearly all details. the development of the premaxillaries which carry long hooked teeth and are extended far beyond the Cranium (Fig. 1). A. The skull is short and very short lower jaw; furthermore, they are anteriorly flat. In
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CHECKLIST and BIOGEOGRAPHY of FISHES from GUADALUPE ISLAND, WESTERN MEXICO Héctor Reyes-Bonilla, Arturo Ayala-Bocos, Luis E
    ReyeS-BONIllA eT Al: CheCklIST AND BIOgeOgRAphy Of fISheS fROm gUADAlUpe ISlAND CalCOfI Rep., Vol. 51, 2010 CHECKLIST AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF FISHES FROM GUADALUPE ISLAND, WESTERN MEXICO Héctor REyES-BONILLA, Arturo AyALA-BOCOS, LUIS E. Calderon-AGUILERA SAúL GONzáLEz-Romero, ISRAEL SáNCHEz-ALCántara Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada AND MARIANA Walther MENDOzA Carretera Tijuana - Ensenada # 3918, zona Playitas, C.P. 22860 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur Ensenada, B.C., México Departamento de Biología Marina Tel: +52 646 1750500, ext. 25257; Fax: +52 646 Apartado postal 19-B, CP 23080 [email protected] La Paz, B.C.S., México. Tel: (612) 123-8800, ext. 4160; Fax: (612) 123-8819 NADIA C. Olivares-BAñUELOS [email protected] Reserva de la Biosfera Isla Guadalupe Comisión Nacional de áreas Naturales Protegidas yULIANA R. BEDOLLA-GUzMáN AND Avenida del Puerto 375, local 30 Arturo RAMíREz-VALDEz Fraccionamiento Playas de Ensenada, C.P. 22880 Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Ensenada, B.C., México Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carr. Tijuana-Ensenada km. 107, Apartado postal 453, C.P. 22890 Ensenada, B.C., México ABSTRACT recognized the biological and ecological significance of Guadalupe Island, off Baja California, México, is Guadalupe Island, and declared it a Biosphere Reserve an important fishing area which also harbors high (SEMARNAT 2005). marine biodiversity. Based on field data, literature Guadalupe Island is isolated, far away from the main- reviews, and scientific collection records, we pres- land and has limited logistic facilities to conduct scien- ent a comprehensive checklist of the local fish fauna, tific studies.
    [Show full text]
  • Diverse Deep-Sea Anglerfishes Share a Genetically Reduced Luminous
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Diverse deep-sea anglerfishes share a genetically reduced luminous symbiont that is acquired from the environment Lydia J Baker1*, Lindsay L Freed2, Cole G Easson2,3, Jose V Lopez2, Dante´ Fenolio4, Tracey T Sutton2, Spencer V Nyholm5, Tory A Hendry1* 1Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, New York, United States; 2Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, United States; 3Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, United States; 4Center for Conservation and Research, San Antonio Zoo, San Antonio, United States; 5Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, United States Abstract Deep-sea anglerfishes are relatively abundant and diverse, but their luminescent bacterial symbionts remain enigmatic. The genomes of two symbiont species have qualities common to vertically transmitted, host-dependent bacteria. However, a number of traits suggest that these symbionts may be environmentally acquired. To determine how anglerfish symbionts are transmitted, we analyzed bacteria-host codivergence across six diverse anglerfish genera. Most of the anglerfish species surveyed shared a common species of symbiont. Only one other symbiont species was found, which had a specific relationship with one anglerfish species, Cryptopsaras couesii. Host and symbiont phylogenies lacked congruence, and there was no statistical support for codivergence broadly. We also recovered symbiont-specific gene sequences from water collected near hosts, suggesting environmental persistence of symbionts. Based on these results we conclude that diverse anglerfishes share symbionts that are acquired from the environment, and *For correspondence: that these bacteria have undergone extreme genome reduction although they are not vertically [email protected] (LJB); transmitted.
    [Show full text]
  • Updated Checklist of Marine Fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the Proposed Extension of the Portuguese Continental Shelf
    European Journal of Taxonomy 73: 1-73 ISSN 2118-9773 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.73 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2014 · Carneiro M. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Monograph urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9A5F217D-8E7B-448A-9CAB-2CCC9CC6F857 Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf Miguel CARNEIRO1,5, Rogélia MARTINS2,6, Monica LANDI*,3,7 & Filipe O. COSTA4,8 1,2 DIV-RP (Modelling and Management Fishery Resources Division), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Brasilia 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 3,4 CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] * corresponding author: [email protected] 5 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:90A98A50-327E-4648-9DCE-75709C7A2472 6 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:1EB6DE00-9E91-407C-B7C4-34F31F29FD88 7 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:6D3AC760-77F2-4CFA-B5C7-665CB07F4CEB 8 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:48E53CF3-71C8-403C-BECD-10B20B3C15B4 Abstract. The study of the Portuguese marine ichthyofauna has a long historical tradition, rooted back in the 18th Century. Here we present an annotated checklist of the marine fishes from Portuguese waters, including the area encompassed by the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf and the Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ). The list is based on historical literature records and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history collections, together with new revisions and occurrences.
    [Show full text]
  • 18 Special Habitats and Special Adaptations 395
    THE DIVERSITY OF FISHES Dedications: To our parents, for their encouragement of our nascent interest in things biological; To our wives – Judy, Sara, Janice, and RuthEllen – for their patience and understanding during the production of this volume; And to students and lovers of fishes for their efforts toward preserving biodiversity for future generations. Front cover photo: A Leafy Sea Dragon, Phycodurus eques, South Australia. Well camouflaged in their natural, heavily vegetated habitat, Leafy Sea Dragons are closely related to seahorses (Gasterosteiformes: Syngnathidae). “Leafies” are protected by Australian and international law because of their limited distribution, rarity, and popularity in the aquarium trade. Legal collection is highly regulated, limited to one “pregnant” male per year. See Chapters 15, 21, and 26. Photo by D. Hall, www.seaphotos.com. Back cover photos (from top to bottom): A school of Blackfin Barracuda, Sphyraena qenie (Perciformes, Sphyraenidae). Most of the 21 species of barracuda occur in schools, highlighting the observation that predatory as well as prey fishes form aggregations (Chapters 19, 20, 22). Blackfins grow to about 1 m length, display the silvery coloration typical of water column dwellers, and are frequently encountered by divers around Indo-Pacific reefs. Barracudas are fast-start predators (Chapter 8), and the pan-tropical Great Barracuda, Sphyraena barracuda, frequently causes ciguatera fish poisoning among humans (Chapter 25). Longhorn Cowfish, Lactoria cornuta (Tetraodontiformes: Ostraciidae), Papua New Guinea. Slow moving and seemingly awkwardly shaped, the pattern of flattened, curved, and angular trunk areas made possible by the rigid dermal covering provides remarkable lift and stability (Chapter 8). A Silvertip Shark, Carcharhinus albimarginatus (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae), with a Sharksucker (Echeneis naucrates, Perciformes: Echeneidae) attached.
    [Show full text]
  • Making a Big Splash with Louisiana Fishes
    Making a Big Splash with Louisiana Fishes Written and Designed by Prosanta Chakrabarty, Ph.D., Sophie Warny, Ph.D., and Valerie Derouen LSU Museum of Natural Science To those young people still discovering their love of nature... Note to parents, teachers, instructors, activity coordinators and to all the fishermen in us: This book is a companion piece to Making a Big Splash with Louisiana Fishes, an exhibit at Louisiana State Universi- ty’s Museum of Natural Science (MNS). Located in Foster Hall on the main campus of LSU, this exhibit created in 2012 contains many of the elements discussed in this book. The MNS exhibit hall is open weekdays, from 8 am to 4 pm, when the LSU campus is open. The MNS visits are free of charge, but call our main office at 225-578-2855 to schedule a visit if your group includes 10 or more students. Of course the book can also be enjoyed on its own and we hope that you will enjoy it on your own or with your children or students. The book and exhibit was funded by the Louisiana Board Of Regents, Traditional Enhancement Grant - Education: Mak- ing a Big Splash with Louisiana Fishes: A Three-tiered Education Program and Museum Exhibit. Funding was obtained by LSUMNS Curators’ Sophie Warny and Prosanta Chakrabarty who designed the exhibit with Southwest Museum Services who built it in 2012. The oarfish in the exhibit was created by Carolyn Thome of the Smithsonian, and images exhibited here are from Curator Chakrabarty unless noted elsewhere (see Appendix II).
    [Show full text]
  • Order LOPHIIFORMES LOPHIIDAE Anglerfishes (Goosefishes, Monkfishes) by J.H
    click for previous page Lophiiformes: Lophiidae 1043 Order LOPHIIFORMES LOPHIIDAE Anglerfishes (goosefishes, monkfishes) by J.H. Caruso, University of New Orleans, Louisianna, USA iagnostic characters: Head and anterior part of body much depressed and very broad, posterior Dportion of body tapering; maximum size to about 200 cm, about 120 cm in the area, commonly 25 to 45 cm. Head rounded, bearing numerous sharp spines and ridges on dorsal and lateral surfaces, the most conspicuous of which are the following: 1 very large prominent spine or group of spines immediately an- terior to each pectoral-fin base (humeral spines); 1 pair of sharp prominent spines on either side of snout, im- mediately behind mouth (palatine spines); a bony ridge above eyes with 2 or 3 short spines (frontal spines); and 2 bony ridges on snout running forward from eyes (frontal ridges); interorbital space slightly concave. Mouth very large and wide, upper jaw protractile and the lower projecting, both bearing numerous long, sharp, depressible teeth; gill openings fairly large, low in pectoral-fin axil, sometimes extending for- ward in front of pectoral-fin base. Two separate dorsal fins, the first composed of 2 or 3 isolated slender spines on head (cephalic spines) and of 1 to 3 spines (often connected by a membrane, at least in juve- niles), at the level of pectoral fins (postcephalic spines); first 2 cephalic spines located at anterior end of snout, the foremost modified into an angling apparatus, usually bearing a fleshy appendage (esca) at tip;the third cephalic spine, when present, is located at level of humeral spines;anal fin with 6 to 11 soft rays, below second dorsal fin; caudal fin with 8 rays, the 2 outer rays unbranched; pectoral-fin rays unbranched, ter- minating in small fleshy filaments; pelvic fins on ventral surface of head, anterior to pectoral fins.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory and Atlas of Corals and Coral Reefs, with Emphasis on Deep-Water Coral Reefs from the U
    Inventory and Atlas of Corals and Coral Reefs, with Emphasis on Deep-Water Coral Reefs from the U. S. Caribbean EEZ Jorge R. García Sais SEDAR26-RD-02 FINAL REPORT Inventory and Atlas of Corals and Coral Reefs, with Emphasis on Deep-Water Coral Reefs from the U. S. Caribbean EEZ Submitted to the: Caribbean Fishery Management Council San Juan, Puerto Rico By: Dr. Jorge R. García Sais dba Reef Surveys P. O. Box 3015;Lajas, P. R. 00667 [email protected] December, 2005 i Table of Contents Page I. Executive Summary 1 II. Introduction 4 III. Study Objectives 7 IV. Methods 8 A. Recuperation of Historical Data 8 B. Atlas map of deep reefs of PR and the USVI 11 C. Field Study at Isla Desecheo, PR 12 1. Sessile-Benthic Communities 12 2. Fishes and Motile Megabenthic Invertebrates 13 3. Statistical Analyses 15 V. Results and Discussion 15 A. Literature Review 15 1. Historical Overview 15 2. Recent Investigations 22 B. Geographical Distribution and Physical Characteristics 36 of Deep Reef Systems of Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands C. Taxonomic Characterization of Sessile-Benthic 49 Communities Associated With Deep Sea Habitats of Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands 1. Benthic Algae 49 2. Sponges (Phylum Porifera) 53 3. Corals (Phylum Cnidaria: Scleractinia 57 and Antipatharia) 4. Gorgonians (Sub-Class Octocorallia 65 D. Taxonomic Characterization of Sessile-Benthic Communities 68 Associated with Deep Sea Habitats of Puerto Rico and the U. S. Virgin Islands 1. Echinoderms 68 2. Decapod Crustaceans 72 3. Mollusks 78 E.
    [Show full text]
  • Fossils Provide Better Estimates of Ancestral Body Size Than Do Extant
    Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 357–384 (January 2009) doi: 10.1111/j.1463-6395.2008.00364.x FossilsBlackwell Publishing Ltd provide better estimates of ancestral body size than do extant taxa in fishes James S. Albert,1 Derek M. Johnson1 and Jason H. Knouft2 Abstract 1Department of Biology, University of Albert, J.S., Johnson, D.M. and Knouft, J.H. 2009. Fossils provide better Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA estimates of ancestral body size than do extant taxa in fishes. — Acta Zoologica 2 70504-2451, USA; Department of (Stockholm) 90 (Suppl. 1): 357–384 Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA The use of fossils in studies of character evolution is an active area of research. Characters from fossils have been viewed as less informative or more subjective Keywords: than comparable information from extant taxa. However, fossils are often the continuous trait evolution, character state only known representatives of many higher taxa, including some of the earliest optimization, morphological diversification, forms, and have been important in determining character polarity and filling vertebrate taphonomy morphological gaps. Here we evaluate the influence of fossils on the interpretation of character evolution by comparing estimates of ancestral body Accepted for publication: 22 July 2008 size in fishes (non-tetrapod craniates) from two large and previously unpublished datasets; a palaeontological dataset representing all principal clades from throughout the Phanerozoic, and a macroecological dataset for all 515 families of living (Recent) fishes. Ancestral size was estimated from phylogenetically based (i.e. parsimony) optimization methods. Ancestral size estimates obtained from analysis of extant fish families are five to eight times larger than estimates using fossil members of the same higher taxa.
    [Show full text]
  • Two New Deep-Sea Anglerfishes (Oneirodidae and Gigantactidae) from Taiwan, with Synopsis of Taiwanese Ceratioids
    Zootaxa 4702 (1): 010–018 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4702.1.5 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F7BCE3B0-220C-466F-A3A5-1D9D2606A7CA Two new deep-sea anglerfishes (Oneirodidae and Gigantactidae) from Taiwan, with synopsis of Taiwanese ceratioids HSUAN-CHING HO1,2* & KWANG-TSAO SHAO3 1 National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan 2Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan 3Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Two new species of deep-sea anglerfishes are described on the basis of specimens collected from off northeastern Taiwan. Oneirodes formosanus sp. nov., based on one adult female, differs from its congeners in having a deep caudal peduncle (15.4% SL) and esca with a single simple, elongate, unbranched, internally pigmented, anterior escal appendage; a simple, elongate, posterior escal appendage; an elongate terminal escal papilla; and no medial and lateral escal appendages. Gigantactis cheni sp. nov., based on three adult females, differs from its congeners in having a series of unpigmented filaments at base of illicium; a black terminal elongated esca bearing numerous dermal spinules; relatively more jaws teeth with the outtermost ones relatively short. A synopsis of Taiwanese species of the suborder Ceratioidei is provided. Keywords: Lophiiformes, Oneirodes formosanus sp. nov., Gigantactis cheni sp. nov., deep-sea fish, Taiwan Introduction Deep-sea anglerfishes (suborder Ceratioidei) from Taiwanese waters were poorly known until deep-sea biodiversity surveys were made in recent two decades.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ceratioid Anglerfishes (Lophiiformes: Ceratioidei) of New Zealand
    © Journal of The Royal Society of New Zealand, Volume 28, Number 1, March 1998, pp 1-37 The ceratioid anglerfishes (Lophiiformes: Ceratioidei) of New Zealand A. L. Stewart1, T. W. Pietsch2 Ceratioid anglerfishes collected from New Zealand waters are reviewed on the basis of all known material. Twenty species in nine genera and six families are recognised; nine species represent new records for the region, and one species of Oneirodes is described as new to science. Diagnostic and descriptive data are given with notes on geographical distribution. Diagnoses of all ceratioid families are provided, against the possibility of capture within the New Zealand EEZ. Keywords: taxonomy; anglerfishes; Ceratioidei; New Zealand; new records; Oneirodes new species INTRODUCTION With the declaration in 1978 of a 200 nautical mile Exclusive Economic Zone (Fig. 1), New Zealand acquired the fourth-largest such zone in the world, of over 4 000 000 km2 (Blezard 1980). Much of this area encompasses depths greater than 500 m. Subsequent trawling at depths of 800-1200 m for orange roughy, Hoplostethus atlanticus Collett, and other deep- water commercial species has resulted in a substantial bathypelagic and mesopelagic by- catch, including ceratioid anglerfishes (order Lophiiformes) representing six families, nine genera and twenty species. This paper summarises information to date, documents new material and geographical distributions, revises keys, and provides diagnoses, descriptions and illustrations of species supported by voucher specimens. Because most of the approximately 136 species of Ceratioidei (Pietsch & Grobecker 1987) have a wide distribution, diagnoses and a key to all families are provided against the possibility that they might occur in New Zealand waters.
    [Show full text]
  • 61661147.Pdf
    Resource Inventory of Marine and Estuarine Fishes of the West Coast and Alaska: A Checklist of North Pacific and Arctic Ocean Species from Baja California to the Alaska–Yukon Border OCS Study MMS 2005-030 and USGS/NBII 2005-001 Project Cooperation This research addressed an information need identified Milton S. Love by the USGS Western Fisheries Research Center and the Marine Science Institute University of California, Santa Barbara to the Department University of California of the Interior’s Minerals Management Service, Pacific Santa Barbara, CA 93106 OCS Region, Camarillo, California. The resource inventory [email protected] information was further supported by the USGS’s National www.id.ucsb.edu/lovelab Biological Information Infrastructure as part of its ongoing aquatic GAP project in Puget Sound, Washington. Catherine W. Mecklenburg T. Anthony Mecklenburg Report Availability Pt. Stephens Research Available for viewing and in PDF at: P. O. Box 210307 http://wfrc.usgs.gov Auke Bay, AK 99821 http://far.nbii.gov [email protected] http://www.id.ucsb.edu/lovelab Lyman K. Thorsteinson Printed copies available from: Western Fisheries Research Center Milton Love U. S. Geological Survey Marine Science Institute 6505 NE 65th St. University of California, Santa Barbara Seattle, WA 98115 Santa Barbara, CA 93106 [email protected] (805) 893-2935 June 2005 Lyman Thorsteinson Western Fisheries Research Center Much of the research was performed under a coopera- U. S. Geological Survey tive agreement between the USGS’s Western Fisheries
    [Show full text]
  • Mitogenomic Sequences and Evidence from Unique Gene Rearrangements Corroborate Evolutionary Relationships of Myctophiformes (Neoteleostei) Poulsen Et Al
    Mitogenomic sequences and evidence from unique gene rearrangements corroborate evolutionary relationships of myctophiformes (Neoteleostei) Poulsen et al. Poulsen et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2013, 13:111 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/13/111 Poulsen et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2013, 13:111 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/13/111 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Mitogenomic sequences and evidence from unique gene rearrangements corroborate evolutionary relationships of myctophiformes (Neoteleostei) Jan Y Poulsen1*, Ingvar Byrkjedal1, Endre Willassen1, David Rees1, Hirohiko Takeshima2, Takashi P Satoh3, Gento Shinohara3, Mutsumi Nishida2 and Masaki Miya4 Abstract Background: A skewed assemblage of two epi-, meso- and bathypelagic fish families makes up the order Myctophiformes – the blackchins Neoscopelidae and the lanternfishes Myctophidae. The six rare neoscopelids show few morphological specializations whereas the divergent myctophids have evolved into about 250 species, of which many show massive abundances and wide distributions. In fact, Myctophidae is by far the most abundant fish family in the world, with plausible estimates of more than half of the oceans combined fish biomass. Myctophids possess a unique communication system of species-specific photophore patterns and traditional intrafamilial classification has been established to reflect arrangements of photophores. Myctophids present the most diverse array of larval body forms found in fishes although this attribute has both corroborated and confounded phylogenetic hypotheses based on adult morphology. No molecular phylogeny is available for Myctophiformes, despite their importance within all ocean trophic cycles, open-ocean speciation and as an important part of neoteleost divergence. This study attempts to resolve major myctophiform phylogenies from both mitogenomic sequences and corroborating evidence in the form of unique mitochondrial gene order rearrangements.
    [Show full text]