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AD-A286 279 A * AD-A286 279 DOT/F,.NR-94-1 Recommendation on Transition DOT-VNTSC-FM-94-10 from Primary/Secondary Radar office of Program Directo for Surveillace t to Secondary-Only Radar Capability Washington, DC 20691 NOV!17 1994~ Janis VilcansF Research and Special Programs Administrabon John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Cambridge, MA 02142-1093 Richard J. Lay Federal Aviation Adminstrbon Program Ofce for En Rouw Radar This documeni hcs eezn appoved Washington. D.C. 20591 for public tele'ie cnd 7aie. it:- distribution is ýOriglal contains color FnlRepplatos: All DTIC rieproduot. Oclobe 1994 1ons will be 1n blaok an4 0 This document is aved" toto pjbk, ____" thirgh tow National Technical Information * Seev.ie, SpringbWk. VA 22161 SIM a)='rI QDALIFY [t "cTD5 * 0 U.S. Depurtment of Tranportallion Federal AIa16 A01k"fon 94 11 16 012 NOTICE This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information 0 exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. 0 DISCLAIMEI NOTICE CZ7 THIS DOCUMENT IS BEST QUALITY AVAILABLE. THE COPY FURNISHED TO DTIC CONTAINED A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF COLOR PAGES WHICH DO NOT REPRODUCE LEGIBLY ON BLACK AND WHITE MICROFICHE. REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OMBForm No A, ~0704-0188 0r88 r fbricreporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection ot information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway Suite 1204, ArtingtonVA 2-n1-4362_ And to the Offie o Maaent and Rudaet- Panework Reduction Praiezt (0704- 188)_ Washinoton _C 2P503 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3 . REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED October 1994 FSp.9 Report Sept. 1993 -March 1994 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Recommendation on Transition from Primary/Secondary Radar to Secondary-Only Radar Capability FA4MS/A4031 6. AUTHOR(S) 2 Janis Vilcans1 , Richard J. Lay 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER 'U.S. Department of Transportation Research and Special Programs Administration DOT-VNTSC-FAA-94-10 John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Cambridge, MA 02142-1093 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING U.S. Department of Transportation AGENCY REPORT NUMBER Federal Aviation Administration Office of Program Director for Surveillance DOT\FAA\NR-94-1 Washington, DC 20591 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 2U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration Program Office for En Route Radar Washington, DC 20591 12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words) This recommendation has been prepared to support the FAA decision to deactivate primary Long-range radars and presents a transition strategy and implementation plan for the transformation of the existing primary/secondary en route radar system to a beacon-only system by the year 2002. The estimated cost associated with this transition is $2.1 billion, but the cost directly related to the decision is approximately $138.6 million. Thus, the potential saving of approximately $1.4 billion associated with LRR replacement results in a benefit-to-cost ratio greater that 10. It is therefore recommended that the decision to deactivate the LRR be implemented as rapidly as possible in order to minimize costs necessary to sustain and maintain the existing system; that an orderly transition be accomplished; and that the transition to the beacon-onty capability be adopted on a center-by center basis. It is also recommended that the goal of an en route beacon system, comprising stand-alone beacon radars and backed up with an automatic dependent surveillance (ADS) system be established, but achievement of this goal should not delay implementation of the deactivation decision. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 172 Primary Radar, Node S, COMUS Coverage, NEXRAD Coverage, Automatic Dependent Surveillance (ADS), ATC Radar Beacon System (ATCRBS) 16. PRICE CODE 017.SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 18. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified Unlimited NSN 7540-01-280-5500 Standard Form 298 (Rev. 2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239-18 298-102 PREFACE The work described in this report was performed under Project Plan Agreement FA-4M5 for the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Program Office for En Route Radar. The sponsor of the project, Richard J. Lay, ANR-400, directed the work study effort. The work was performed by the U. S. Department of Transportation/Research and Special Programs Administration/Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, Surveillance and Sensors Division. This report, in support of the FAA decision to deactivate primary long- range radars, presents a transition strategy and an implementation plan for the transformation of the existing primary/secondary en route radar system to a beacon-only system by the year 2002. The authors wish to thank Edmund J. Koenke, Sc. D., for his contribution to the preparation of the report, implementation plan, and modernization programs analysis, and for participating in reviews. The authors also wish to thank Michael J. Polchert, ANR-800, for his technical contributions, for conducting the technical reviews and approval of the report. Thanks also to Edward Spitzer, Chief, Surveillance and Sensors Division, for his review of the report and valuable suggestions. Especially grateful acknowledgments go to the following individuals for their technical contributions in reviewing the report and making valuable improvements: ANR-400/HTI Robert Wunderlich ASM-140 Wendie Chapman ANR-400/HTI Micky Finn ASM-147 Mark Katzen ANR-401 Arthur Levy ATR-1 11 Ivonne Toledo ANR-402 Olivia L. Stevenson ATR- 113 Robert Paul ANR-700 James Moe AOS-230 Robert Taylor ANR-800 Dennis Kolb ASE-300 Doug Hodgkins ANR-800 Teddy R. Boatright ANM-462 George Johnston ANR-800 Michael Huffman ANM-462 Darrell Carlson SRC Paul D. Abramson, Sc. D. TASC Alan G. Cameron TASC Dr. E. Michael Geyer Special thanks go to Paul A. Blanchard. of EG&G Dynatrend, for editing and preparing this document. D t -. '" /or iii D . .... .. METRIC/ENGLISH CONVERSION FACTORS ENGLISH TO METRIC METRIC TO ENGLISH LENGTH (APPROXIMATE) LENGTH (APPROXIMATE) 1 Inch (in) a 2.5 centimeters (cm) 1 milLimeter (un) = 0.04 inch (in) 1 foot (ft) = 30 centimeters (cm) 1 centimeter (cm) = 0.4 inch (in) I yard (yd) a 0.9 meter (m) 1 meter (m) w 3.3 feet Cft) 1 mile (mi) z 1.6 kitometers (kin) 1 meter (m) - 1.1 yards (yd) 1 kilometer (kin) - 0.6 miLe (mi) AREA (APPROXIMATE) AREA (APPROXIMATE) 2 I square inch (sq in, in = 6.5 square centimeters (cm ) 1 square centimeter (cm 2) - 0.16 square inch (sq in, in2) 1 square foot (sq ft, ft 2 . 0.09 square meter (m2) 1 square meter (m2) = 1.2 square yeards (sq yd, y&2) 2 2 1 square yard (sq yd, yd ) a 0.8 square meter (02) 1 square kilometer (kin ) a 0.4 square mile (sq mi, mi2) 2 2 2 1 square mite (sq mi, mi ) a 2.6 square kilometers (km ) 1 hectare (he) a 10,000 square meters (i ) z 2.5 acres ) 1 acre a 0.4 hectares (he) a 4,000 square meters (m MASS - WEIGHT (APPROXIMATE) MASS - WEIGHT (APPROXIMATE) 1 ounce (oz) a 28 gram (gr) 1 gram (gr) a 0.036 ounce (oz) 1 pound (lb) = .45 kilogram (kg) 1 kilogram (kg) z 2.2 pounds (tb) 1 short ton - 2,000 pounds (Lb) x 0.9 tome (t) 1 tonme (t) a 1,000 kilograms (kg) r 1.1 short tons VOLUME (APPROXIMATE) VOLUME (APPROXIMATE) 1 teaspoon (tsp) a 5 miLliliters (mt) 1 miLliliters (ml) - 0.03 fluid ounce (ft oz) 1 tablespoon (tbsp) a 15 milliLiters (mW) 1 Liter (1) = 2.1 pints (pt) 1 fluid ounce (ft oz) x 30 milliliters (mW) 1 Liter (1) = 1.06 quarts (qt) 1 cup (c) - 0.24 Liter (1) 1 Liter (1) z 0.26 gaLlon (gat) 1 pint (pt) a 0.47 Liter (1) 1 cubic meter (m3) a 36 cubic feet (cu ft, ft 3 ) 3 1 quart (qt) a 0.96 titer (1) 1 cubic meter (m3) a 1.3 cubic yards (cu yd, yd ) 1 gallon (gat) a 3.8 titers (1) 1 cubic foot (cu ft, ft 3 ) z 0.03 cubic meter (m3) 1 cubic yard (cu yd, yd) x 0.76 cubic meter (m3) TEMPERATURE (EXACT) TEMPERATURE (EXACT) ((x-32)(5/9)] OF - y 0C (9/5) y . 32 °C x OF QUICK INCH-CENTIMETER LENGTH CONVERSION INCHES 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 I I I I I I I I CENTIMETERS 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 25.40 QUICK FAHRENHEIT--CELSIUS TEMPERATURE CONVERSION OF .400 .220 .40 140 320 500 680 860 1040 1220 1400 1580 1760 1940 2120 1 o 1 0 1o 1 0 1 0o 1o 1 0 C -40t .360 -260 160 60 10' 260 300 460 560 660 760 960 1600 For mere exact and or other conversion factors, see MiS MisceLlaneous PubLication 286, Units of Weights and measures. Price Z2.50. SO Catalog No.
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