DOCSLIB.ORG

Multi-Static Primary Surveillance Radar – an Examination of Alternative Frequency Bands

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Multi-Static Primary Surveillance Radar – an Examination of Alternative Frequency Bands Multi-Static Primary Surveillance Radar – An examination of Alternative Frequency Bands Produced for: EUROCONTROL Against Task: T07/11087EB Report No: 72/07/R/376/U July 2008 - Issue 1.2 Roke Manor Research Ltd Roke Manor, Romsey Hampshire, SO51 0ZN, UK T: +44 (0)1794 833000 F: +44 (0)1794 833433 [email protected] www.roke.co.uk Approved to BS EN ISO 9001 (incl. TickIT), Reg. No Q05609 This document and the information contained within it are the property of the EUROCONTROL Agency. No part of this report may be reproduced and/or disclosed, in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of the owner. Copy No. ……… This page intentionally left blank Multi-Static Primary Surveillance Radar – An examination of Alternative Frequency Bands Report No: 72/07/R/376/U Author(s): July 2008 - Issue 1.2 Dave Hill Produced for: EUROCONTROL Philip Galloway Against Task: T07/11087EB Approved By Dave Hill………………………………………………. Project Manager Roke Manor Research Limited Roke Manor, Romsey, Hampshire, SO51 0ZN, UK This document and the information contained within it are the property of the EUROCONTROL Agency. No part of this report may be reproduced and/or Tel: +44 (0)1794 833000 Fax: +44 (0)1794 833433 disclosed, in any form or by any means without the prior written permission Web: http://www.roke.co.uk Email: [email protected] of the owner. Approved to BS EN ISO 9001 (incl. TickIT), Reg. No Q05609 72/07/R/376/U Page 1 of 183 DISTRIBUTION LIST Full Report Copy No. Andrew Desmond-Kennedy EUROCONTROL 1 Jan Berends EUROCONTROL 2 Thomas Oster EUROCONTROL 3 Philip Galloway Roke Manor Research Ltd 4 Dave Hill Roke Manor Research Ltd 5 Information Centre Roke Manor Research Ltd 6 Project File Roke Manor Research Ltd Master Summary Only Copy No. DOCUMENT HISTORY Issue no Date Comment Issue 1.0 25/04/2008 First full issue of document Issue 1.1 19/06/2008 Re-issue following comments from EUROCONTROL Issue 1.2 09/07/2008 Re-issue following comments from EUROCONTROL Use, duplication or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page of this document Page 2 of 183 72/07/R/376/U Multi-Static Primary Surveillance Radar – An examination of Alternative Frequency Bands Report No: 72/07/R/376/U July 2008 - Issue 1.2 Produced for: EUROCONTROL Against Task: T07/11087EB SUMMARY Prior work has demonstrated the feasibility and benefits of producing a Multi Static Primary Surveillance Radar (MSPSR) system using dedicated transmissions operating at Ultra High Frequency (UHF), in order to provide coverage of terminal areas. The initial work suggested that the selection of operating frequency was critical, and that the UHF band had significant advantages. The change over from analogue to digital television, the so called ‘digital dividend’, will release spectrum in the UHF band. However, there is significant demand for this spectrum, particularly from telecommunications network operators, and it is probable that any available spectrum will be auctioned off to the highest bidder. Hence, it could be considered unlikely that any spectrum would become available for the operation of Primary Surveillance Radar. This report assesses the feasibility of the alternative operating frequencies for a Multi-Static Primary Surveillance Radar, in either the L or S bands. Radar operating at a higher frequency will have an increase in propagation loss due to the reduced antenna efficiency, that is, the effective collection area of the antenna, being of a shorter physical size, is reduced. However, the results of this study demonstrate that the rise in loss can be compensated for by increasing the number of antenna elements, thus maintaining the overall antenna efficiency. However, it is not necessary to consequently increase the number of receiver channels as antenna elements can be combined prior to down-conversion. This is normal practice in phased array radars, where, for example, a thousand elements can be combined into 8 sub-arrays. Atmospheric attenuation increases with frequency, but it is not considered to be significantly different at L and S band compared to UHF, the change being an incremental increase rather than a step change. This is supported by the fact that existing surveillance radars operate at L and S band. The UHF band is used for very long range surveillance radars. The modelling undertaken to support the MSPSR study has been conducted using a general purpose multi-static radar modelling tool. Multi-static radar systems have a potential advantage over monostatic radar systems for a number of reasons and the simulation investigated three operating bands (UHF, L & S). The output of the simulation concludes that the coverage predicted in the previous study, see [Ref 1], is reasonable and matches the Radar 1 variant modelled herein. Roke Manor Research Limited Roke Manor, Romsey, Hampshire, SO51 0ZN, UK This document and the information contained within it are the property of the EUROCONTROL Agency. No part of this report may be reproduced and/or Tel: +44 (0)1794 833000 Fax: +44 (0)1794 833433 disclosed, in any form or by any means without the prior written permission Web: http://www.roke.co.uk Email: [email protected] of the owner. Approved to BS EN ISO 9001 (incl. TickIT), Reg. No Q05609 72/07/R/376/U Page 3 of 183 Radar systems operating in any of the bands investigated can be constructed to have similar coverage performance. The choice of baseline size within the bounds of 20 km to 40 km has little impact on the theoretical coverage of any of the multi-static systems modelled. In a multi-static radar system it is necessary to use multiple transmitter frequencies in order to allow the use of multiple transmitters. However, the number of different transmitter frequencies should be limited in order to minimise the requirements on the receiver. The use of multiple frequencies, and different ranging waveforms, will provide sufficient discrimination to facilitate the determination of the transmission source for a received signal. It is estimated that the spectrum allocation for a MSPSR system will be commensurate with the signal bandwidth of a conventional PSR. However, whereas adjacent conventional PSRs have separate spectrum allocations, it is anticipated that adjacent MSPSR systems will be able to operate within a single spectrum allocation. A noise like waveform, such as a pseudo-random noise waveform, is the optimum waveform for the determination of range, as such waveforms have good auto-correlation performance, which is an important criterion in range estimation. In this application, where each receiver will be in view of multiple transmitters it is also important that a receiver can distinguish between specific noise waveforms. Therefore, it is important that the chosen noise waveforms also have low cross-correlation properties, in order that there is the minimum of interaction between different waveforms. Gold codes represent the optimum choice, as they have both good auto-correlation performance and also low cross-correlation products. The implementation of a receiver at L or S band is a slightly more involved process, than at UHF, but again it is an incremental change rather than requiring the application of a different technology. A receiver suitable for this application would be required to simultaneously provide reception on a number of frequencies. The best way to achieve this is to digitise following a single down-conversion stage. This means that the intermediate frequency (IF) and bandwidth could be identical, irrespective of the radio carrier frequency (RF). The IF bandwidth and hence the analogue to digital conversion (ADC) bandwidth would be determined by the number of and individual bandwidth of transmitters. An analysis of the required instantaneous dynamic range indicates that the desired range is within that available from existing ADCs. The digital signal processing load required for the proposed MSPSR system is recognised as being significantly greater than that required for a conventional PSR system. However, advances in processor technology mean that the extra processing requirement is entirely within the bounds of feasibility. Use, duplication or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the title page of this document Page 4 of 183 72/07/R/376/U CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................15 1.1 REPORT STRUCTURE .....................................................................................15 2 SPECTRUM USAGE ...........................................................................................17 2.1 UHF BAND ................................................................................................17 2.2 L BAND ....................................................................................................19 2.2.1 Aeronautical Radio Navigation Applications ......................................20 2.2.1.1 DME ..............................................................................20 2.2.1.2 TACAN ...........................................................................21 2.2.1.3 SSR...............................................................................21 2.2.1.4 ADS-B............................................................................21 2.2.1.5 JTIDS ............................................................................21 2.2.2 L band Radar...............................................................................22
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Radio Spectrum Resource Assessment of the Band 450 Mhz to 5 Ghz
    Radio Spectrum Resource Assessment of the band 450 MHz to 5 GHz SRMC & GSMA 2014.07 1 / 44 450MHz-5GHz 关注频段频谱资源评估报告 国家无线电监测中心 全球移动通信系统协会 2014.07 2 / 44 Contents 0. Executive Summary ................................................................................................ 5 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 6 2. Frequency allocation and station information ........................................................ 9 2.1. Frequency bands .............................................................................................. 9 2.2. Frequency allocation in each band .................................................................. 9 2.3. Registered radio station information ............................................................. 10 3. Frequency occupation measurement scheme ....................................................... 11 3.1. Test sites ........................................................................................................ 11 3.2. Duration of monitoring.................................................................................. 13 3.3. Measurement equipment ............................................................................... 13 3.4. Parameters setting ......................................................................................... 14 4. Measurement results ............................................................................................. 16 4.1. 470-566 MHz ...............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Award of 2.3 and 3.4 Ghz Spectrum Bands Information Memorandum
    The award of 2.3 and 3.4 GHz spectrum bands Information Memorandum Publication date: 11 July 2017 Award of the 2.3 and 3.4 GHz spectrum bands – Information Memorandum Important Notice This Information Memorandum (Memorandum) has been prepared by Ofcom in connection with the proposed award of licences in the 2.3 and 3.4 GHz spectrum bands by auction. Terms and expressions used in this Memorandum are as defined in annex 10 of this Memorandum, or in the text of the Memorandum itself. The Award Process will be conducted in accordance with regulations to be made by Ofcom pursuant to powers under Section 14 of the Wireless Telegraphy Act 2006, pursuant to which the grant of the licences may be made following a procedure set out in regulations issued by Ofcom. The regulations to be made in respect of this award are referred to in this Memorandum as the Regulations. A copy of the draft Regulations and a Notice of Ofcom’s proposals to make regulations have been published alongside this Memorandum and can be found on Ofcom’s website at www.ofcom.org.uk . Recipients of this Memorandum should note that only the Regulations will have statutory effect. Accordingly, in the event of any difference between this Memorandum and the provisions of the Regulations, the Regulations are definitive and will prevail. This Memorandum has been prepared solely in connection with the proposed award of licences in the 2.3 and 3.4 GHz spectrum bands, and has been made available for information purposes only. This Memorandum does not constitute an offer or invitation to participate in the Award Process, nor does it constitute the basis for any part of any contract which may be concluded in relation to the Award Process or in respect of any award of licences.
    [Show full text]
  • Radiodetermination, Air Traffic and Maritime Services Licence Guidelines
    Guidelines Radiodetermination, Air Traffic and Maritime Services Licence Guidelines Document No: ComReg 11/07R1 Date: May 2017 This document does not constitute legal, commercial, financial, technical or other advice and the Commission for Communications Regulation shall not, at any time, be bound by the contents of this document which do not necessarily set out the Commission’s final or definitive position in any particular matter. The Commission reserves its right to act at all times in accordance with its statutory functions and objectives and this may include reaching a decision or taking an action which is at variance with all or any part of these guidelines. An Coimisiún um Rialáil Cumarsáide Commission for Communications Regulation One Dockland Central, Guild Street, Dublin 1, D01 E4X0, Ireland Telephone +353 1 804 9600 Fax +353 1 804 9680 Email [email protected] Web www.comreg.ie Radiodetermination, Air Traffic & Maritime Services Guidelines Contents 1 Introduction ................................................................................... 3 2 Radiodetermination, Air Traffic and Maritime Services – An Overview ..... 4 3 Air Traffic Services Licence ............................................................... 7 3.1 AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS .......................................... 8 4 Maritime Services Licence ................................................................ 9 4.1 LAND BASED MARITIME MOBILE ................................................................ 10 4.2 LAND BASED PRIVATE MARITIME
    [Show full text]
  • Ecc Report 157 the Impact of Spurious Emissions Of
    ECC REPORT 157 Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) within the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) ECC REPORT 157 THE IMPACT OF SPURIOUS EMISSIONS OF RADARS AT 2.8, 5.6 AND 9.0 GHz ON OTHER RADIOCOMMUNICATION SERVICES/SYSTEMS Cardiff, January 2011 ECC REPORT 157 Page 2 0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This ECC Report presents detailed analysis of the impact of fixed radiodetermination systems on other services/systems (i.e. Fixed service (P-P application), Mobile service (RLAN in 5 GHz band) and Radioastronomy service) operating in adjacent or different bands. This analysis was done on a theoretical approach, but results of some measurements of existing filtering solutions were also considered. A number of cases have been considered of major importance for defining levels of unwanted emissions in the spurious domain giving confidence of reasonably low occurrence probability of interference. Particular attention has been given to meteorological radars, which represent the majority of fixed installations presently subject to the 100 dBPEP attenuation required in ERC/REC 74-01. Further consideration was given to the levels in ERC/REC 74-01. In relation to FS, the Report considered: the impact of spurious emission, the very high power of the primary radars under consideration confirm the common assumption that, whichever would be the spurious limit in dBc, main-beam to main-beam coupling between radars and FS stations is not possible because in all cases the protection distance is in the order of several tens of km (in most cases lies beyond the horizon). Therefore, it is assumed that information about the FS and radar locations are known to administrations licensing their use; the impact of typical C band meteo radars on the variation of the potentially blocked azimuth angles for FS stations in the 6-8 GHz band was considered as more representative case.
    [Show full text]
  • Technical Characteristics and Performance Criteria for Systems in the Meteorological Aids Service in the 403 Mhz and 1 680 Mhz Bands
    Recommendation ITU-R RS.1165-3 (12/2018) Technical characteristics and performance criteria for systems in the meteorological aids service in the 403 MHz and 1 680 MHz bands RS Series Remote sensing systems ii Rec. ITU-R RS.1165-3 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Recommendations (Also available online at http://www.itu.int/publ/R-REC/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management SNG Satellite news gathering TF Time signals and frequency standards emissions V Vocabulary and related subjects Note: This ITU-R Recommendation was approved in English under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Secondary Surveillance Phased Array Radar (SSPAR): Initial Feasibility Study
    Project Report ATC-416 Secondary Surveillance Phased Array Radar (SSPAR): Initial Feasibility Study M.E. Weber M.L. Wood J.R. Franz D. Conway J.Y.N. Cho 6 February 2014 Lincoln Laboratory MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS Prepared for the Federal Aviation Administration, Washington, D.C. 20591 This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161 This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. TECHNICAL REPORT STANDARD TITLE PAGE 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. ATC-416 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date 6 February 2014 Secondary Surveillance Phased Array Radar (SSPAR): Initial Feasbility Study 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. M.E. Weber, M.L. Wood, J.R. Franz, D. Conway, and J.Y. N. Cho, ATC-416 MIT Lincoln Laboratory 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) MIT Lincoln Laboratory 244 Wood Street 11. Contract or Grant No. Lexington, MA 02420-9108 FA8721-05-C-0002 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Department of Transportation Project Report Federal Aviation Administration 800 Independence Ave., S.W. 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Washington, DC 20591 15. Supplementary Notes This report is based on studies performed at Lincoln Laboratory, a federally funded research and development center operated by Massachusetts Institute of Technology, under Air Force Contract FA8721-05-C-0002.
    [Show full text]
  • ARTICLE 1 Terms and Definitions
    CHAPTER I Terminology and technical characteristics RR1-1 ARTICLE 1 Terms and definitions Introduction 1.1 For the purposes of these Regulations, the following terms shall have the meanings defined below. These terms and definitions do not, however, necessarily apply for other purposes. Definitions identical to those contained in the Annex to the Constitution or the Annex to the Convention of the International Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992) are marked “(CS)” or “(CV)” respectively. NOTE – If, in the text of a definition below, a term is printed in italics, this means that the term itself is defined in this Article. Section I – General terms 1.2 administration: Any governmental department or service responsible for discharging the obligations undertaken in the Constitution of the International Telecommunication Union, in the Convention of the International Telecommunication Union and in the Administrative Regulations (CS 1002). 1.3 telecommunication: Any transmission, emission or reception of signs, signals, writings, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems (CS). 1.4 radio: A general term applied to the use of radio waves. 1.5 radio waves or hertzian waves: Electromagnetic waves of frequencies arbitrarily lower than 3 000 GHz, propagated in space without artificial guide. 1.6 radiocommunication: Telecommunication by means of radio waves (CS) (CV). 1.7 terrestrial radiocommunication: Any radiocommunication other than space radiocommunication or radio astronomy. 1.8 space radiocommunication: Any radiocommunication involving the use of one or more space stations or the use of one or more reflecting satellites or other objects in space. 1.9 radiodetermination: The determination of the position, velocity and/or other characteristics of an object, or the obtaining of information relating to these parameters, by means of the propagation properties of radio waves.
    [Show full text]
  • !E3 (2£)CH3 0 © P°1 Radar Beacon Transponders Provide Possible Solution
    BETTER BALLOON TRACKING: Radar Beacon Transponders Provide Possible Solution The Federal Aviation Agency’s recently announced E plans that include adoption of the radar beacon system "c3 as the backbone of its in-flight air traffic control in the U.S. may provide the means for better tracking of balloons as well. As part of its program to increase the safety of scientific balloon operations, the National Center for Atmospheric Research during the next seve­ ral months will make a number of flight tests with a balloon-borne beacon transponder to investigate the effectiveness of the radar beacon system for ballooning. TO USE COMMERCIAL UNIT The transponder to be used in NCAR’s tests is the General Aviation Transponder (GAT), a ten-pound unit developed by the Wilcox Electric Co. and the TD> KJ Hazeltine Corp. under FAA sponsorship. The unit will lie repackaged in a pressure vessel to permit operation at balloon altitudes. Secondary Surveillance Radar is the name used for the air traffic control radar beacon system. If the NCAR tests demonstrate the feasibility of using the system in balloon tracking, the FAA will then have its own !E 3 balloon tracking capability. In terms of accuracy, lag time, and range of coverage, this capability contrasts □ L sharply with the limitations of present methods of track­ ing balloons with radio direction finding equipment, (2£)CH 3 E or, very rarely, with primary radar. la 0 © P°1 RADIO DIRECTION FINDING METHODS Most balloon tracking is done by aircraft equipped with direction finding equipment. In this system, the tracking airplane flies below the balloon, circles, and NATIONAL CENTER FOR obtains null signals from a transmitter carried by the ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH balloon.
    [Show full text]
  • Technical Requirements for the Operation of Mobile Stations in the Aeronautical Service
    RBR-1 Issue 2 November 2009 Spectrum Management and Telecommunications Regulation by Reference Technical Requirements for the Operation of Mobile Stations in the Aeronautical Service Aussi disponible en français - IPR-1 Preface Comments and suggestions may be directed to the following address: Industry Canada Spectrum Management Operations Branch 300 Slater Street Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C8 Attention: Spectrum Management Operations E-mail: [email protected] All Spectrum Management and Telecommunications publications are available on the following website: www.ic.gc.ca/spectrum. Contents 1. Scope .......................................................................1 2. Definitions ...................................................................1 3. Use of Approved Radio Apparatus ..............................................1 4. Identification ................................................................2 5. Radionavigation Frequencies Allocated to Mobile Stations in the Aeronautical Service ...2 5.1 Receive Radionavigation Frequencies Allocated to Mobile Stations in the Aeronautical Service .....................................................2 5.2 Frequency Bands for Aeronautical Radionavigation .............................2 6. Frequency Bands for Communications with Ground Stations in the Aeronautical Service 2 6.1 Frequencies of Operation ..................................................2 6.2 Frequency Usage ........................................................2 6.3 Frequency Restrictions ....................................................3
    [Show full text]
  • Fighter Will Be More Difficult to See on Primary Radar Than a Large
    AIM 6/17/21 fighter will be more difficult to see on primary radar from an object (such as an aircraft). This reflected than a large commercial jet or military bomber. Here signal is then displayed as a “target” on the again, the use of transponder or ADS−B equipment is controller’s radarscope. In the ATCRBS, the invaluable. In addition, all FAA ATC facilities Interrogator, a ground based radar beacon transmit- display automatically reported altitude information ter−receiver, scans in synchronism with the primary to the controller from appropriately equipped aircraft. radar and transmits discrete radio signals which repetitiously request all transponders, on the mode (f) At some locations within the ATC en route being used, to reply. The replies received are then environment, secondary−radar−only (no primary mixed with the primary returns and both are radar) gap filler radar systems are used to give lower displayed on the same radarscope. altitude radar coverage between two larger radar systems, each of which provides both primary and 2. Transponder. This airborne radar beacon secondary radar coverage. ADS−B serves this same transmitter−receiver automatically receives the sig- role, supplementing both primary and secondary nals from the interrogator and selectively replies with radar. In those geographical areas served by a specific pulse group (code) only to those secondary radar only or ADS−B, aircraft without interrogations being received on the mode to which either transponders or ADS−B equipment cannot be it is set. These replies are independent of, and much provided with radar service. Additionally, transpon- stronger than a primary radar return.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of Shutting Down En Route Primary Radars Within CONUS Interior A3156/FA3MS 6
    Nl {jJ 7. DOT/FAA/NR-93-1 Impact of Shutting Down En Route I DOT-VNTSC-FAA-93-1 Office of Program Director Primary Radars within CONUS Interior for Surveillance Washington, DC 20591 FAA WJH Technical Center l\11111111111111111111111111111\lllllllllll\\\\lll 00093516 Janis Vilcans Research and Special \ ~\':\ :': Programs Administration John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Cambridge, MA 02142-1093 Final Report June 1993 This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service Springfield, Virginia 22161 U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Aviation Administration NOTICE This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. NOTICE The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers' names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the object of this report. REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form ApJroved OMB No. 704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per re~nse, including the time for reviewtng instructions searchin? existi~ data sources, gathering and maintaining the ata needed, and completing and reviewiQ9 the collection o informs ion. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or anv. other as~t of t~is collection of information, including suggestions for reductng thts burden, to Washin~ton Hea9quarters ~~~~~%~()l' ~~t~~a~~ .. fg~fl~!o~ti on Operat!~s8=.. ~ePQrts, 1215 R~~~~~~~P~~Y!~t H]ft~~2~,11 ~i teu!:;~t:. .. ~~~ iriB~o2(lsX~ 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (leave blank) 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Systems and Radars Operating in the Frequency Band 1 215-1 300 Mhz
    Report ITU-R M.2284-0 (12/2013) Compatibility of radio-navigation satellite service (space-to-Earth) systems and radars operating in the frequency band 1 215-1 300 MHz M Series Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services ii Rep. ITU-R M.2284-0 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Reports (Also available online at http://www.itu.int/publ/R-REP/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management Note: This ITU-R Report was approved in English by the Study Group under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1.
    [Show full text]