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Bsc Chemistry ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Subject PSYCHOLOGY Paper No and Title Paper No 6: Self and Inner Growth Module No and Title Module No 28: Inferences and Conclusion of Hindu Tradition Module Tag PSY_P6_M28 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Learning outcomes 2. Introduction a. Hindu scriptures b. Hindu Dharma c. Hindu Ethics d. Hindu Tenets e. Hindu Rituals and Practices f. Hindu Philosophy g. Hindu Mythology PSYCHOLOGY PAPER No. 6 Self and Inner growth MODULE No. 28: Inferences and Conclusion of Hindu Tradition ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Concluding Thoughts Learning Outcomes PSYCHOLOGY PAPER No. 6 Self and Inner growth MODULE No. 28: Inferences and Conclusion of Hindu Tradition ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. LEARNING OUTCOMES After studying this module, you should be able to Recapitulate about the - Hindu scriptures - Hindu Dharma - Hindu Tenets - Hindu Ethics - Hindu Rituals and Practices - Hindu Philosophy - Hindu Mythology Learn about these concepts through a brief recap Understand and evaluate their relevance through concluding thoughts 2. Inferences drawn about Hindu Tradition The word Hinduism is a shared terminology which has been used in a lot of theoretical as well as sacred customs belonging to the Indian civilization. Hinduism takes into account not only a particular instant related to the cause and not even it focuses on a particular initiator. Somewhat, the practice comprehends the aforementioned to be eternal, which had been present at all times. The original name of Hinduism is Sanatan Dharm. ‘Sanatan’ means refers to everlasting whereas ‘Dharm’ means those movements, opinions as well as those activities which one carries out and encourage bodily as well as conceptual happiness in the domain as well as make certain that one is able to realize God. The aim of human life according to Hindu philosophy is to attain God realization, which is achieved through four paths: knowledge, devotion, good deeds, and meditation The Hindu Religion can be understood to be comprised of: Hindu sacred texts, Hindu Dharma, Hindu rituals, practices and beliefs or tenets. Hindu Scriptures Another name of Hindusim is Vaidika-Dharma, meaning “the faith of the Vedas”. Hindu sacred texts can be classified as having around six scriptures which are as follows: (i) Srutis, (ii) Smritis, (iii) Itihasas, (iv) Puranas, (v) Agamas and (vi) Darsanas and the worldly writing which are :( i) Subhashitas, (ii) Kavyas, (iii) Natakasand, (iv) Alankaras. The Srutis deals with / known as the Vedas, or the Amnaya. These are referred to as the consequences of one’s insight disclosures as well as are apprehended to be Apaurusheya or totally exceptional, lacking of in the least to some specific writer. Veda as a term means knowledge. The PSYCHOLOGY PAPER No. 6 Self and Inner growth MODULE No. 28: Inferences and Conclusion of Hindu Tradition ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Veda is the source of the additional collections of scriptures, even those that belong to nonspiritual in addition to the one’s which are covetous. Thus it is observed that vedas are distributed in four pronounced records which are: the Rig-Veda, the Yajur-Veda, the Sama-Veda in addition to Atharva-Veda, which are further divided into subparts and sections. Individually Veda comprises of four measures: the Mantra-Samhita’s or hymns, the Brahmanas or descriptions of Hymns or services, the Aranyakas as well as the Upanishads. The Upanishads are considered as the utmost significant share of the Vedas. The Upanishads takes into account the core or the information part of the Vedas. The Upanishads express of the character of the discrete soul as well as the Superlative Soul. Subsequently it has been observed that subsidiary Vedas, are as follows: Ayurveda, Dhanurveda, Gandharva Veda as well as the Arthasastra, bring into being auxiliaries to the other Vedas, which refers to correspondingly, the discipline related to wellbeing, the knowledge of conflict, the discipline of composition in addition to the skill of community. In addition to this six Angas or descriptive branches, to the Vedas are present which are the Siksha in addition to Vyakarana of Panini, Chhandas of Pingalacharya, the Nirukta of Yaska, the Jyotisha of Garga, as well as the Kalpas (Srauta, Grihya, Dharma as well as Sulba) have its place to the source of numerous Rishis. Subsequent in prominence to the Sruti are the Smritis or subordinate scriptures. It refers to the earliest holy legal programs of the Hindus which are resultant of the Sanatana-Varnasrama- Dharma. The Smritis are grounded on the traditions of the Vedas. It elucidates as well as progresses Dharma. It puts forward certain rules which standardize Hindu national, societal, family as well as one’s responsibilities. The laws for regulating Hindu society which occurs are codified in the Smritis. It has been identified that eighteen core Smritis or Dharma Sastras are present and the utmost significant are the ones of Manu, Yajnavalkya as well as Parasara. The remaining one’s have been outlined as the Vishnu, Daksha, Samvarta, Vyasa, Harita, Satatapa, Vasishtha, Yama, Apastamba, Gautama, Devala, Sankha-Likhita, Usana, Atri and Saunaka. The rules of Manu are anticipated as that of the Satya Yuga, the ones which are of Yajnavalkya are meant for the Treta Yuga; and similar others. The certainty is the regulations as well as guidelines that are constructed completely on our social positions, time in addition to region, ought to alter in accordance to the variations which are taking place in the social order as well as varying circumstances of influence and region. It has been observed that Itihas consists of four books: These books are Ramayana, the Yogavasishtha, The Mahabharata as well as Harivamsa. The main chief portion of the Mahabharata is in actuality is Bhagavad Gita. This deals with the spectacular discourse which takes place amid Lord Krishna and Arjuna beforehand in the battle- ground in advance of the pronounced battle which took place amongst kaurva and pandavas. These exemplify everything which is present in the Vedas, however merely in a simpler method. These works explain the inordinate general facts in the form of historic narratives, stories as well as discourses. The common fellow is unable to understand the extraordinary intangible viewpoint of the Upanishads as well as the Brahma Sutras. Therefore, the concerned sages Valmiki as well as Vyasa transcribed the Itihasas for the advantage of general public. PSYCHOLOGY PAPER No. 6 Self and Inner growth MODULE No. 28: Inferences and Conclusion of Hindu Tradition ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Puranas comprise what is referred to as essence of the Vedas. The fundamental purpose of these is to impress upon the concentrations of the common people the lessons of the Vedas as well as to create in them devoutness to God, over and done with solid illustrations like : legends, fables, folk tales, experiences of sages, royals as well as great kinsmen, tales and records of great historical proceedings. The Puranas were intended, not just for the researchers, on the other hand it was designed for general public those who were unable to comprehend great beliefs as well as those who were unable to go through Vedas. It has been highlighted that eighteen foremost Puranas exist as well as same amount of subordinate Puranas are available. The main Puranas are: Vishnu, Naradiya, Srimad Bhagavata Purana, Garuda , Padma , Varaha, Brahma, Brahmanda BrahmaVaivartaPurana, Markandeya,Bhavishya, Vamana,Matsya, Kurma, Linga , Siva, Skanda and Agni Purana. The Agamas are doctrinal discourses in addition to concrete handbooks of celestial devotion. They contain the Tantras, Mantras as well as Yantras. These are discourses elucidating the outer devotion of God, in idols, temples, etc. Darsanas are schools of beliefs constructed on the Vedas. The Darsanas are intended on behalf of the learned researchers who are capable by means of important insight, virtuous considerate, influence of rational as well as refined understanding. Philosophy has fundamentally 6 dissections—Shad-darsana—the six Darsanas or means of sighted belongings, commonly known as the six classifications or diverse schools of assumed beliefs: the NYAYA, the VAISESHIKA, the SANKHYA, the YOGA, the PURVA MIMAMSA as well as the UTTARA MIMAMSA or VEDANTA. The secular writing are composed of astute proverbs, directions as well as fables, in whichever manner lyrics or in text like the poetical Kavyas are the ones which were written by Kalidas etc. These establish the totality of Sanskrit collected works—blessed as well as earthly. The Sruti is the source; the Smritis, Itihasas in addition to Puranas are the stem; the Agamas as well as Darsanas are the branches; and the Subhashitas, Kavyas, Natakas in addition to Alankaras are the florets of the tree of Indian Culture. Hindu Dharma The term Dharma is resultant from the source Dhr— which means to hold—and its etymological connotation is ‘that which grasps’ this creation, or the persons of the world, or the entire formation as of the miniature to the cosmos. Dharma is commonly referred to as ‘correctness’ or ‘responsibility.’ Dharma is the opinion of justice. It is the belief of sacredness.
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