biomedicines Review Both Full-Length and Protease-Cleaved Products of Osteopontin Are Elevated in Infectious Diseases Toshio Hattori 1,* , Hiroko Iwasaki-Hozumi 1 , Gaowa Bai 1 , Haorile Chagan-Yasutan 1,2, Ashwnini Shete 3 , Elizabeth Freda Telan 4, Atsushi Takahashi 1, Yugo Ashino 5 and Takashi Matsuba 6 1 Research Institute of Health and Welfare, Kibi International University, Takahashi 716-8508, Japan;
[email protected] (H.I.-H.);
[email protected] (G.B.);
[email protected] (H.C.-Y.);
[email protected] (A.T.) 2 Mongolian Psychosomatic Medicine Department, International Mongolian Medicine Hospital of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010065, China 3 ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, 73 G-Block, MIDC, Bhosari, Pune 411026, India;
[email protected] 4 STD AIDS Cooperative Central Laboratory, San Lazaro Hospital, Manila 1003, Philippines;
[email protected] 5 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sendai City Hospital, Sendai 982-8502, Japan;
[email protected] 6 Department of Animal Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Kyusyu University of Health and Welfare, Nobeoka 882-8508, Japan;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel./Fax: +81-866-22-9469 Citation: Hattori, T.; Abstract: Circulating full-length osteopontin (FL-OPN) is elevated in plasma from patients with Iwasaki-Hozumi, H.; Bai, G.; various infectious diseases, such as adult T-cell leukemia, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB), hepatitis Chagan-Yasutan, H.; Shete, A.; Telan, virus infection, leptospirosis, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), AIDS/TB, and coron- E.F.; Takahashi, A.; Ashino, Y.; avirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Proteolysis of OPN by thrombin, matrix metalloproteases, caspase Matsuba, T.