Barremian Ammonite Zonation in the Carpathian Area

Zitteliana 10 509-514 München, 1. Juli 1983 ISSN 0373-9627

Barremian ammonite zonation in the Carpathian area

By EMIL A VRAM*)

With 1 table

ABSTRACT

The Romanian rich ammonitic material collected from the a) with Heinzia provincial, having a thin level with An- Barremian stage interval allowed to propose a more detailed cyloceras mojsisovici in its upper part zonal scheme, as follows: b) with “Crioceratites” ex gr. barremense-orbignyi c) with Imerites giraudi and Eristavia dicbotoma Lower Barremian: d) unnamed, at the top of the Barremian interval (but ha 1. Pseudotburmannia picteti zone (range zone), with ving representatives of Parancyloceras ? sp. as the only P. pseudomalbosi and P. belimelensis only in its lower possible index fossil). part and with P. angulicostata and P. catulloi in its upper The Pseudothurmanniapicteti zone is considered to belong part. to the Barremian stage because its base is an important evolu 2. Holcodiscus cailLiudianus zone (range zone), comprising tionary threshold by the first apparition of the genera Pseudo two subzones: thurmannia, Paraspiticeras and Psilotissotia. a) with Pulchellia changarnieri The Barremian-Aptian boundary is accepted to be at the le b) with Pulchellia compressissima, vel where, together with the last specimens of Silesites serano the latter having in its whole interval numerous Lepto- nis, the appearance of Pseudohaploceras matheroni and also ceras and, at the top, a level with Torcapella suessi. of the first representatives of the genus Neohibolites was re corded. Upper Barremian 3. Silesites seranonis zone (partial range zone) with four sub zones:

KURZFASSUNG

Reiche Ammonitenfunde im Barreme Rumäniens erlauben Ober-Barreme: den Vorschlag einer detaillierten Zonengliederung: 3. Silesites seranonis Zone (Partial Range Zone) mit.4 Subzo nen: Unter-Barreme: a) mit Heinzia provtncialis, im oberen Teil mit einer dün 1. Pseudothurmannia picteti Zone (Range-Zone) nen Lage mit Ancyloceras mojsisovici; mit P. pseudomalbosi und P. belimelensis nur im unteren b) mit “Crioceratites” ex gr. barremense-orbignyi; Teil und mit P. angulicostata und P. catulloi im oberen c) mit Imerites giraudi und Eristavia dichotoma; Teil. d) unbenannt, im obersten Teil des Barreme, mit Vertre Parancylocerasf 2. Holcodiscus caillaudianus Zone (Range-Zone), mit 2 Sub tern von sp. als den einzigen mögli zonen: chen Indexfossilien. a) mit Pulchellia changarnieri; Die Pseudothurmannia picteti Zone wird in die Barreme- b) mit Pulchellia compressissima; Stufe gestellt, da sich im unteren Teil dieser Zone wichtige letztere enthält zahlreiche Vertreter von Leptoceras und Entwicklungsschritte vollziehen durch das Ersterscheinen im oberen Teil eine Lage mit Torcapella suessi. der Gattungen Pseudothurmannia, Paraspiticeras und Psilo tissotia. Die Grenze Barreme-Apt wird unter der Lage mit den letz ten Formen von Silesites seranonis, dem Erscheinen von

*) E. A vram , Institute of Geology and Geophysics, str. Caransebe§ Pseudohaploceras matheroni und den ersten Vertretern der nr. 1, Bucure§ti, 78344, Romania. Gattung Neohibolites fixiert. 510 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at

INTRODUCTION

The Romanian outcrops of the Lower Cretaceous deposits T ietze (1872), Simionescu (1898),V adasz (1911), Kiss (1911), are the richest in ammonites within the Barremian stage inter O ncescu (1943), R aileanu (1953), StefA nescu , A \ ram & val. The main fossiliferous areas at this level are already well StefA nescu (1965), P atrulius (1952, 1969), K usko & Savu known: Dimbovicioara Couloir in the southern part of the (1970), P atrulius & A vram (1976), A vram (1976, 1980); other East Carpathians and Svinitsa region, on the Danube, in Ba ones are now in preparation. nat (SW Romania). Besides them, there are some others in the These studies, especially the recent ones, allowed to pro inner part of the Carpathian flysh: Prahova, Doftana and Tir- pose a more detailed ammonite zonation of the Barremian lung valleys, Baraolt Mts., etc., where the Barremian deposits stage, partly different from the others published in the last offered also useful data for a discussion about the ammonite years (Busnardo , 1965; Dimitrova , 1966; K otetishvili , 1970; assemblages at various levels of this stage. Breskovski , 1973; V ermeulen , 1974; Drushchits & G orba - Some paleontological or biostratigraphical studies about chik , 1978; V a SiCek , 1979). the Barremian deposits from these regions are published:

1. THE LOWER AND UPPER BOUNDARIES OF THE BARREMIAN STAGE

In spite of the general acception of the Hauterivian-Barre- It is to notice that the same association: Pseudothurmannia mian boundary at the top of the Pseudothurmannia zone, - Paraspiticeras - Crioceratites emerici was found in Bulgaria there are some recent authors (Drushchits , 1960; P atrulius , by Breskovski (1973) and that Lapeyre & T homel (1974) re 1969; Breskovski , 1973; Patrulius & A vram , 1976, A vram , cognised in the beds with Pseudothurmannia angulicostata 1976 and, partly, L apeyre & T homel , 1974) which include (d’ORB.) also Crioceratites emerici and Psilotissotia favrei this zone in Barremian, thus coming back to the first deffini- (O oster ). tion of the stage (C oquand , 1861). The upper boundary of the Barremian stage is very difficult We consider also this point of view to be more acceptable, to establish in Romania because at this level the ammonitic as based on two facts: semblage is very poor. In these conditions we consider this 1. The first apparition at this level of the genera Pseudothur boundaiy as in France (Busnardo , 1965; Fabre -T axy et ah, mannia, Psilotissotia and Paraspiticeras (first representa 1965; M oullade , 1966), immediately under the first level tives of the family Hemihoplitidae, Pulchelliidae and with Pseudobaploceras matberoni (d’ORB.) and Procheloni- Douvilleiceratidae), then on a remarquable evolutionary ceras spp. Between this level and that with the first Deshay esi- threshold in the ammonite evolution. tes there is (as in France, too), a relatively thick sequence of 2. The existence of the typical specimens of Crioceratites strata wherein the only evolutionary feature is the first appari tion of the genus Neobibolites (fide Patrulius & A vram , em end L£v. (one of the first index fossils of the Lower 1976). Barremian) below the first beds with Pseudothurmannia.

2. THE BARREMIAN AMMONITE ZONATION IN ROMANIA

The here below proposed zonation is mainly based by the d ’ORB., Psilotissotia favrei (O oster ), Paraspiticeras gueri- data obtained in Dimbovicioara Couloir (Patrulius & A v nianum (d’ORB.), P. pachycyclum (U hlig ), m any Phyllopa- ram , 1976, revised) and Svinitsa region (A vram , 1976, revi cbyceras spp., Protetragonites crebrisulcatus (U hi .ig ), Mel- sed), where the rich ammonite fauna was collected bed by bed chiorites spp., etc. and, only at the base, Acnoceras seringei through the whole Barremian set of deposits. Three zones, (A stier) and Paraspinoceras pulcherrimum (d’ORB.). two of them devided into 2 and, respectively, 4 subzones were 2. Holcodiscus caillaudianus zone (range zone) is compri identified, as follows: sing the largest part of the Lower Barremian and within its in I . Pseudothurmannia picteti zone (range zone), in Svinitsa terval there are two subzones: region characterised by a rich assemblage, has Pseudothur- a) Pulchellia changamieri subzone, with Lytoceraspueza- mannta picteti Sarkar within its whole interval, Pseudo num H aug , Hamulina astieriana cf. , H. alpina, Criocerati thurmannia cf. pseudomalbosi (Sar . & Schond .) and P. cf. tes ex gr. emerici Lev ., Spitidiscus vandeckii (d’ORB.), belimelensis Dimitrova only in its lower part, and Pseudo S. oosteri (Sar . & Schond .), Holcodiscus caillaudianus thurmannia cf. angulicostata (d’ORB.), P. catulloi (Paro - (d’ORB.), Psilotissotia favrei (its last apparition, only in Svi na ), P. biassalensis Dimitrova only in its upper part. In Dim nitsa), Pulchellia changamieri Sayn , Subpulchellia sauvage- bovicioara Couloir we recognised Pseudothurmannia cf. pic aui (H frm.), Nicklesia aff. karsteni (U hlig ), Silesites fcon- teti, P. aff. mortilleti (Pier. & Lor .) and P. grandis Busn ., cretus K ar . without any possibility for a subzonation. The other species b) Pulchellia compressissima subzone is comprising also of the zone are: Hamulina astieriana d ’ORB., H. cf. alpina Holcodiscus caillaudianus besides Leptoceras spp. (some new © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at 511

Lytoceras puezanum Eulytoceras phestum Frotetragonites crebrisulcatus Costidiscus recticostatus Costidiscus grebenianus Costidiscus olcostephanoides Costidiscus aff.nodosostriatus Costidiscus cf.rakusi Costidiscus tardus Macroscaphites yvani Macroscaphites binodosus Macroscaphites tirolensis Crioceratites ecnerici Crioceratites ex gr.eraerici "Crioceratites"c f.barremense "Crioceratites"c f.orbignyi Parancyloceras ? sp. Leptoceras spp. Ancyloceras mojsisovici Ancyloceras vandenheckii Imerites giraudi Eristavia dichotoma Pseudothurmannia pseudomalbosi Pseudothurmannia belimelensis Pseudothurmannia picteti Pseudothurmannia cf.catulloi Pseudothurmannia biassalensis Pseudothurmannia cf.angulicostata Hamulina astieriana Torcapella suessi Barremites strettostoma Pseudohaploceras tachthaliae Pseudohaploceras portaeferreae Pseudohaploceras matheroni Holcodiscus caillaudianus Holcodiscus geronimae Holcodiscus geronimaeformis Holcodiscus diversecostatus Spitidiscus hugii Spitidiscus oosteri Spitidiscus seunesi Spitidiscus vandeckii S ile s ite s (S.)seranonis Silesites (S.)trajani Silesites vulpes Silesites?spp.ex gr.S.? sulcistriatus Psilotissotia favrei Pulchellia changarnieri Pulchellia compress!ssima Subpulchellia spp. Heinzia provincialis Heinzia ? subcaicedi Carstenia lindigi Paraspiticeras guerinianum Paraspiticeras pachycyclum Procheloniceras spp.

Table 1. Ranges of the main Barremian ammonite species in the Carpathian area.

species and L. pumilum U hlig , L. subtile U hlig ), Eolepto- (d’ORB.), H. geronimae (H ermite), H. geronimaeformis ceras (E.) wrighti M an ., Hemibaculites aff. zaharievae T zankov , H. diversecostatus (C o q .), H. cf. gastaldinus U h M an . , Anahamulina cf. subcylindrica (d’ORB.),./!. cf. sile- lig (non d ’ORB.), H. ziczac K ar ., Spitidiscus oosteri (Sar . & siaca (U hlig ), Dissimilites trinodosus (d’ORB.), Melchiorites Schond .), S. seunesi (K il.), S. cf. vandeckii(¿’O rb.),Silesi aff. blayaci (K il.), M. tenuicinctus (Sar . & Schond .), M. tes vulpes (C o q .) which appears in this interval, Silesites ? ex aff. fallaciosus (K il.), M. cassidoides (U hlig ), M. uhligi gr. sulcistriatusK ar.-tenuis K ar ., Pulchellia compressissima (H aug ), M. aff. rumanum (K il.), Holcodiscus perezianus (d’ORB.), Subpulchellia sp. and Phyllopachyceras spp., Hoi- 512 © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at cophylloceras spp. Lytoceras spp., Protetragonites crebrisul- croscapbitesyvani (Puzos), M. binodosus U hlig , M. tirolen catus (U hl .), etc. Near the top of this assemblage sequence of sis U hlig , Anahamulina boutini (C o q .) M ath ., A. ? cf. sile strata, in Dimbovicioara Couloir is located a level with many siaca (U hi .ig ), Ancyloceras vandenbeckii A st., Dissimilites specimens of Torcapella suessi (Sim.) (Patrulius & A vram , trinodosus (d’ORB.), “Crioceratites” cf. barremense (K il.), 1976). “C .” cf. orbignyi (M ath .), Barremites strettostoma, Mel- 3. Silesites seranonis zone (Partial range zone, because the chiorites aff. nabdalsa, M. gr.ex melcbioris (T ietze), Pseudo- index species occurs also above its top, in the beds with Pseu- baploceras tacbthaliae (Tietze), Silesites (S.) seranonis, S. (S.) dohaploceras matheroni (d’ORB.), Procbelomceras spp., trajani, S. vulpes, S. ? ex gr. sulcistriatus-tenuis, Subpulcbel- Neobibolites spp. and even with Deshayesites). This zone is ha sp. and also numerous Pbyllopacbyceras, Holcophylloce- divisible in four subzones, as follows: ras, Hypophylloceras and Lytoceras, Eulytoceras, Protetra gonites. a) Hemzia provincialis subzone, characterised by the pul- chelliids of the Heinzia group: Heinzia provincialis c) Imerites giraudi and Eristavia dichotoma subzone con (d’ORB.), H. galeatoides (K arst ), H.? siibcaicedi (Sa w ), tains a relative homogenous assemblage in both the Svinitsa H. (Carstenia) lindigi (K arst .) and also by Eulytoceraspbes- and Dimbovicioara regions: Costidiscus recticostatus, C. ol- tum (Math .) (from the base), Costidiscus recticostatus costepbanoides U hlig , Macroscapbites yvani, Anahamulina (d’ORB.) (from the base), C. aff. nodosostriatus U hlic ., Ma- boutini, Dissimilites sp., Ancyloceras cf. vandenbeckii, Ime croscaphites tirolensis U hlig , Ancyloceras vandenbeckii rites giraudi (K il.),/. giraudi multicostatus T ovbina , Erista A stier, A. mojsisovici H aug (in its upper part, only), Ana- via dichotoma (E ristavi ), Argvetbites cf. lashensis Rouch ., hamultna cf. subcylindrica (d’ORB.), A. ? cf. silesiaca (U h - Melcbiorites ex gr. melcbioris, Pseudohaploceras tacbthaliae lig ), Barremites strettostoma (U hlig ), Melcbiorites nii.nab- (T ietze), P. portaeferreae (T ietze) and various Pbyllopacby dalsa (C o q .),Silesites (S.) seranonis (d’ORB.) (from the base), ceras, Holcopbylloceras, Eulytoceras, Protetragonites, etc. S. (S.) trajani (T ietze), S. vulpes (C o q .) and, at the top, Li- d) The last sequence, some 10 m thick, situated at the top of tbancylus cf. tirolensis C asey , besides Pbyllopacbyceras, Hol- the Upper Barremian offered a very poor ammonite assem copbylloceras, Protetragonites, etc. blage, from which only Parancyloceras ? sp. is more inter b) “ Crioceratites” ex gr. barremense-orbignyi subzone, esting as a possible index species (a species with lateral view of very well characterised in Svinitsa region contains Costidiscus "Leptoceras"puzosianum d ’ORB. but with tabulate ventrum recticostatus (d’ORB.), C. cf.rakusi U hlig , C. tardus A vram , and ventrolateral small tubercles, like Parancyloceras biden- C. aff. nodosostriatus U hlig , C. grebenianus (T ietze), Ma- tatum [v. K oenen ]).

3. ZONAL ASSIGNEMENTS OF THE MOST FOSSILIFEROUS BARREMIAN

EAST CARPATHIAN FLYSH DEPOSITS The upper member of the Comarnic formation (Plaiul Sir- There are only three lithological units in the East Carpa nei member - A vram , 1980) contains in its lowermost level, thian flysh which offered till now numerous ammonites of which is lithologicaly very characteristic, an ammonitic as Barremian age: Comarnic formation and the lower memberof semblage proper to the last subzone of the Lower Barremian: the Piscu cu Brazi formation, in the southern part of the Car Karsteniceras beyricbi, Anahamulina fumisugia (H o h .) U h pathian Bend, and also the lower member of the Bistra forma lig , Barremites difficilis (d’ORB.), Silesites vulpes (C o q .), tion, in the northern part of the Carpathian Bend. Pulchellia cf. compressissima (d .’ORB.), P. schlumbergeri, etc., in the Prahova valley (StefA nescu , A vram & StefA nf .scu , The Comarnic formation (M razek , P opescu -V oitesti & 1965; Patrulius , 1969) and Karsteniceras aff. beyricbi, Mou M acovei , 1912, emend M urgeanu , 1934) is containing nume toniceras sp., Dissimilites dissimilis (d’ORB.), Holcodiscus rous Barremian ammonites in the Prahova, Doftana and Tir- sp.,Silesites cf. vulpes, Pulchellia multicostata (R iedel ),Sub- lung valleys. Its lower member (Valea Mu§i(ei member - A v pulcbellia sauvageaui (H ermite), in the Doftana valley (A v ram , 1980) is comprising Upper Hauterivian and Lower Bar ram , 1976, 1980). remian ammonitic assemblages, the latter consisting in Eolep- toceras (E.) cf. parvulum (U hlig ), Reboulites aff. gouxt The same level, with marly calcareous shalles, offered a (Sayn ), Psilotissotia malladae (Nickl £s), etc., on the Doftana transitional assemblage between Lower and Upper Barremian valley, and in Lytoceras densifimbriatum U hlig , Leptoceras ammonite assemblages, on the watershad between lalomitsa sp., Eoleptoceras (E.) cf. parvulum (U hlig ), Karsteniceras and Prahova valleys: Eulytoceras phestum (Math .), E. rari- aff. beyricbi (K arst .), Holcodiscus sp. aff. H. mcklesi K ar ., cinctum (U hlig ), Leptoceras subtile U hlig , Anahamulina sp. Pulchellia aff. cbangarnieri Sayn , P. schlumbergeri Nicki .£s, ex gr. A. fumisugia (H o h .) U hlig , Ptychoceras sp.,Acrioce- Nicklesia aff. pulcbella (d’ORB.), Melcbiorites ? cf. comp- ras sp., Barremites difficilis (d’ORB.) (Patrulius , 1952, 1969) sense (K il.), on the Tirlung valley (A vram , 1976, 1980). Al and Macroscapbites binodosus U hlig (StefA nescu , A vram & most all these species are characteristic of the upper subzone StefA nescu , 1965). of the Holcodiscus caillaudianus zone; only Psilotissotia mal Upper Barremian ammonites of the same member are rare ladae and Pulchellia aff. cbangarnieri are arguments for the and do not permit to identify their zonal assignement: Holco presence of its lower subzone. pbylloceras guettardi (Rasp.), Macroscapbites yvani (Puzos), © Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zobodat.at 513 in the Ialomitsa and Prahova valleys (StefA nescu , A vram & clnontes sp. aff. M. tcnmcmctus (Sar . & Schond .), Holcodis StefA nescu , 1965; Patrulius , 1969), Acrioceras silesiacum cus cf. caillaudianus, H. gastaldinus, H. irregularis T zan - (U hlig ),zl. cf.karsteni (H o h .) U hlig and Pseudobaploceras kov , H. aff. nodosus K ar ., Spitidiscus hugii (O oster ), S. cf. sp. aff. P. liptoviense (U hlig ) in the Doftana valley (A vram , oosteri (Sar . & Schond .), S. andrussowi (K ar .), Silesites sp. 1976, 1980). ex gr. S. vulpes, Silesites ? sp. aff. S. ? sulcistriatus K ar .-S'. ? The lower part of the Piscu cu Brazi formation: Purcareni tenuis K a r Pulchellia compressissima (d’ORB.), Subpulcbel- member (G raf , 1969, 1975, emend A vram , 1980) from the lia sauvageaui (H ermite), besides Phyllopachyceras spp., Tirlungu basin is also comprising some rich Barremian am- Holcophylloceras sp., Protetragonites sp., etc. It is remar quable also, the presence in this assemblage of some speci monitic faunas: Leptoceras pumilum U hlig , L. subtile U h - mens of Paraspinoceras (?) with a very thin ribbing of the lig , Karsteniceras aff. beyrichi, Holcodiscus caillaudianus proversum, reminding Paraspinoceras pulcherrimum (d’ORB.), H. perezianus (d’ORB.), H. gastaldinus U hlig (non d ’ORB.), Silesites cf. vulpes, in the northern part of the (d’ORB.) (A vram & K usko , 1982). The upper part of the same formation offered till now only a few Upper Barremian-Lo- Tirlungu basin; Barremites aff. subdifficilis (K\ r.), Pseudo- wer Aptian species: Ptychoceras puzosianum d’ORB., Ma- haploceras sp. aff. P. douvillei (Fallot ), Silesites seranonis (d’ORB.) on the watershad between Doftana and Tirlungu croscaphites yvani (Puzos), unsufficient for the zonal record bassins. The former assemblage shows the last subzone of the of its level of prelevation (M acovei , 1954; A vram & K usko , Lower Barremian; the later belongs to the Upper Barremian, 1982). without any possibility for a subzonal integration. As a conclusion of the above inventory, it is necessary to emphasise that the ammonite assemblages from the Barremian The “flyshoid horizon” (K usko & Savu , 1970) of the Bistra flysh deposits are rich only at the level of Pulchellia compres formation (M acovei & A tanasiu , 1934) offered in the Baraolt Mts. a very rich ammonite fauna, identified for the first time sissima subzone, at the top of the Lower Barremian. This is the level where, above the lower member of the Comarnic by V adasz (1911) and Kiss (1911). This fauna, strictly located in the Pulchellia compressissima subzone is consisting of: formation there were some regional changes in the lithology of the Barremian deposits: from the upper member of the Leptoceras subtile, L. pumilum, L. cf. barnaense (R ieber), Eoleptoceras (E.) nil. fragile (U hlig ), Anahamulina aH.ho- Comarnic formation northward, to the lower member of the Piscu cu Brazi formation and to the lower member of the Bi heneggeri (U hlig ), Acrioceras sp. aff. A. tabarelli (A stier), stra formation. Crioceratites aff. emerici Lev ., Barremites cf. difficilis, Mel-

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