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The Science of Biology”, Sadava, 10Th Edition

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The Science of Biology”, Sadava, 10Th Edition Obtained from publisher’s website: http://whfreeman.com/Catalog/product/lifethescienceofbiology-tenthedition- sadava/tableofcontents#tab Part One: The Science of Life and Its Chemical Basis! 1. Studying Life !2. Small Molecules and the Chemistry of Life ! 3. Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Lipids ! 4. Nucleic Acids and the Origin of Life New:!• Emphasis on weak forces in biology (van der Waals, etc.)!• Discussion of cis-trans isomers!• Discussion and illustration of right- and left-handed helices!• Discussion and illustration of how protein structure changes with covalent modification and interaction with other molecules!• Reorganization and separate discussion of DNA and RNA!• Updated discussion of biological theories on the origin of life ! Part Two: Cells! 5. Cells: The Working Units of Life !6. Cell Membranes! 7. Cell Communication and Multicellularity New:!• Clearer description and illustration of microscopy and staining methods!• More focused discussion of the use of experimental manipulations of living systems to discover cause and effect in biology!• More focused description of animal cell junctions!• Illustrated description of the role of the extracellular matrix in cell movement!• Reorganization: membrane potential discussion now in Chapter 45, Neurons, Glia, and Nervous Systems, where it is most relevant!• Clear comparison, with examples and table, of exocytosis and endocytosis!• Addition and discussion of juxtacrine signaling!• Discussion of cross-talk in signaling pathways!• Discussion and illustrations of the role of cell signaling in the evolution of multicellularity Part Three: Cells and Energy !8. Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism! 9. Pathways that Harvest Chemical Energy ! 10. Photosynthesis: Energy from Sunlight New:!• Well illustrated molecular structures for enzyme–substrate interactions!• Clearer and better illustrated description of enzyme inhibition with examples!• New Working With Data exercise on the use of enzyme inhibition to make a herbicide!• More focused and better illustrated descriptions of biochemical pathways such as glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to eliminate excessive details!• Illustrated mechanism of how ATP is made!• Use of running as example of the integration of catabolism and anabolism!• More discussion with illustrations of the roles of accessory pigments and reaction center in photosynthesis!• Clearer discussion of the significance of photorespiration and C3 and C4 plants Part Four: Genes and Heredity! 11. The Cell Cycle and Cell Division ! 12. Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes ! 13. DNA and Its Role in Heredity ! 14. From DNA to Protein: Gene Expression ! 15. Gene Mutation and Molecular Medicine ! 16. Regulation of Gene Expression New:!• Clearer description and illustrations of cell cycle checkpoints!• Updated and illustrated description of chromatid attachment and separation!• New examples of asexual reproduction!• Reorganization: cytogenetics after meiosis!• New illustration of the role of aneuploidy in the evolution of modern wheat!• Clearer description of the role of probability in genetics!• New example of incomplete dominance in eggplant!• Molecular basis of multiple alleles and codominance in blood groups!• Clearer, illustrated description of basic features of DNA structure, including weak forces and the exposure of important chemical groups for protein recognition!• Clear, illustrated description of the origin of DNA replication!• Updated descriptions of the different forms of RNA in cells!• Illustrated comparison between prokaryote gene without introns and eukaryotic gene with intros to clarify gene structure!• Improved description of signaling in proteins for intercellular distribution Part Five: Genomes 17. Genomes! 18. Recombinant DNA and Biotechnology ! 19. Differential Gene Expression in Development! 20. Development and Evolutionary Change New:!• Updated focus on genome sequencing and analysis!• Improved description of transposons and moveable sequences!• Coverage of minimal genome and synthetic genetics: “artificial cells”!• Better and clearer examples of gene cloning vectors and hosts!• Revised focus on reporter genes in cloning!• Use of PCR in making DNA and mutations!• Clearer discussion of the advantages of and concerns about biotechnology!• Updated discussion of stem cell technologies and applications!• Reorganization to emphasize general developmental processes and then cloning!• More focused description of the major concepts of development and cell fate determination!• Updated description of molecular switches in development!• Clearer description of fruit fly early development with emphasis on molecular processes and general concepts shown Part Six: The Patterns and Processes of Evolution !21. Mechanisms of Evolution 22. Reconstructing and Using Phylogenies ! 23. Speciation 24. Evolution of Genes and Genomes !25. The History of Life on Earth New:!• New section on the historical development of evolutionary theory!• New problem-oriented approach; students gain hands-on experience working with data!• Real, clear examples of the process of speciation!• Coverage of experimental approaches to evolution!• New information on evolution of genomes!• Clear explanations of the importance of geological changes to evolutionary history!!!!!• Updated geological chronology!!!!!• New information on mass extinction events!!!!!• New examples and illustrations of the evolution of multicellularity Obtained from: Preface for “Life: The Science of Biology”, Sadava, 10th edition New Features The Tenth Edition of Life has a different look and feel from its predecessors. The new color palette and more open design will, we hope, be more accessible to students. And, in keeping with our heightened emphasis on scientific inquiry and quantitative analysis, we have added Working with Data exercises to almost all chapters. In these innovative exercises, we describe the context and approach of a research paper that provides the basis of the analysis. We then ask questions that require students to analyze data, make calculations, and draw conclusions. Answers (or suggested possible answers) to these questions are included in BioPortal and can be made available to students at the instructor’s discretion. Because many of the questions in the Working with Data exercises require the use of basic statistical methods, we have included a Statistics Primer as the book’s Appendix B, describing the concepts and some methods of statistical analysis. We hope that the Working with Data exercises and statistics primer will reinforce students’ skills and their ability to apply quantitative analysis to biology. We have added links to Media Clips in the body of the text, with at least one per chapter. These brief clips are intended to enlighten and entertain. Recognizing the widespread use of “smart phones” by students, the textbook includes instant access (QR) codes that bring the Media Clips, Animated Tutorials, and Interactive Summaries directly to the screen in your hand. If you do not have a smart phone, never fear, we also provide direct web addresses to these features. As educators, we follow current discussions of pedagogy in biological education. The chapter-ending Chapter Reviews now contain multiple levels of questions based on Bloom’s taxonomy: Remembering, Understanding and Applying, and Analyzing and Evaluating. Answers to these questions appear at the end of the book. For a detailed description of the media and supplements available for the Tenth Edition, please turn to “Life’s Media and Supplements” on page xvii. The Ten Parts PART ONE, THE SCIENCE OF LIFE AND ITS CHEMICAL BASIS Chapter 1 introduces the core concepts set forth in the “Vision and Change” report and continues the much-praised approach of focusing on a specific series of experiments that introduces students to biology as an experimentally based and constantly expanding science. Chapter 1 emphasizes the principles of biology that are the foundation for the rest of the book, including the unity of life at the cellular level and how evolution unites the living world. Chapter 2, Chapter 3, and Chapter 4 cover the chemical principles and building blocks that underlie life. Chapter 4 also includes a discussion of how life could have evolved from inanimate chemicals. PART TWO, CELLS The nature of cells and their role as the structural and functional basis of life is foundational to biology. These revised chapters include expanded explanations of how experimental manipulations of living systems have been used to discover cause and effect in biology. Students who are intrigued by the question “Where did the first cells come from?” will appreciate the updated discussion of ideas on the origin of cells and organelles, as well as expanded discussion of the evolution of multicellularity and cell interactions. In response to reviewer comments, the discussion of membrane potential has been moved to Chapter 45, where students may find it to be more relevant. PART THREE, CELLS AND ENERGY The biochemistry of life and energy transformations are among the most challenging topics for many students. We have worked to clarify such concepts as enzyme inhibition, allosteric enzymes, and the integration of biochemical systems. Revised presentations of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle now focus, in both text and figures, on key concepts and attempt to limit excessive detail. There are also revised discussions of the ecological roles of alternate pathways of photosynthetic carbon fixation, as well as the roles of accessory pigments and reaction
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