Appendices
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Final Report to the Western Australian Government September 2018 Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia Locked Bag 33 Cloisters Square, Perth WA 6850 Phone: 08 6364 7306 Email: [email protected]
There is no objection to this report being copied in whole or part, provided there is due acknowledgement of any material quoted or reproduced from the report.
ISBN 978-0-646-99339-3 (online)
This report is available on our website www.frackinginquiry.wa.gov.au
Disclaimer
The Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia is committed to quality service to its customers and makes every attempt to ensure accuracy, currency and reliability of the data contained in this document. However, changes in circumstances after time of publication may impact the quality of this information. Confirmation of the information may be sought from originating bodies or departments providing the information. Appendix 1
Findings and Recommendations of the Standing Committee on Environment and Public Affairs of the Western Australian Parliament 2015
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Fracking Inquiry Report_Appendices.indd 3 29/08/2018 2:02:21 PM This page has been intentionally left blank EXECUTIVE SUMMARY, FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1 The Standing Committee on Environment and Public Affairs (Committee) identified in August 2013 that the emergence of an unconventional gas industry in Western Australia was a source of community interest and concern.
2 We resolved to investigate hydraulic fracturing and its implications for our State, with particular emphasis on environmental considerations. This report is the culmination of two years of evidence gathering, research and engagement with the community through public hearings and submissions.
3 The Committee examined both operational and decommissioned well sites where hydraulic fracturing has occurred, giving a privileged insight into the current and potential future impact of unconventional gas mining on the Western Australian landscape.
4 Through public submissions and hearings, we have learnt that issues such as the protection of groundwater, chemical disclosure requirements and obtaining a social licence to operate are universal concerns when discussing hydraulic fracturing, which has led the Committee to benefit from lessons learned in other jurisdictions.
5 Energy security is a major priority for governments and the rapid development of the shale gas industry has been variously described as a „revolution,‟ a „paradigm shift,‟ a „boom‟ and a „golden age.‟ These phrases, however, have been used to describe the push towards natural gas in the United States of America (USA) and may not be as relevant to our situation in Western Australia as originally predicted.
6 Hydraulic fracturing is the technology whereby fluid is forced at high pressure into a geological formation that contains oil or gas so that the flow is stimulated and it can be extracted more easily. It is not a new process and has been used for many decades; the difference is the type of fluids used, how much pressure is applied and how the well is drilled.
7 Global interest in the use of hydraulic fracturing to extract unconventional gas has, however, been accompanied by controversy. Communities have been polarised by the question of whether resource companies should be allowed to use hydraulic fracturing on wells if there is a risk of any damage to the environment, property or human health.
8 There are differing, and often competing views, about the level and likelihood of risks related to hydraulic fracturing: proponents of the technology argue that many risks are exaggerated, whilst opponents of hydraulic fracturing refer to the „precautionary
i Environment and Public Affairs Committee FORTY-SECOND REPORT principle‟ and that, if there is any risk whatsoever then hydraulic fracturing should be prohibited.
9 The Committee has formed the view during the course of this inquiry that the truth lies somewhere between these two views and the purpose of this report is to present the Committee‟s findings of fact, free from bias and any irrelevant considerations.
10 The Committee notes that a recent CSIRO report found that Australians broadly accept mining, with a reasonably positive acceptance of the industry. The same survey, however, revealed a low level of trust of both industry and regulators amongst the community.
11 Through its inquiries, the Committee has found that it is imperative to engage with affected communities early in the process of developing an unconventional gas industry in a region. Operators and regulators must be informative, upfront and candid when consulting with the public.
12 Governments need to ensure that policy-making acknowledges the inherent risk in energy production and if a decision is made to proceed with exploration and development that the reasons for this are easily understood. This will ensure that any policy decision to permit or to ban hydraulic fracturing can withstand robust scrutiny.
13 The purpose of this inquiry has been to provide a comprehensive body of factual information and findings to assist the Parliament of Western Australia, future decision makers and the public in their contemplation of this industry.
14 The Committee notes that there is a need for an informed debate on hydraulic fracturing and further scientific study in some areas and is confident that this multi- party standing committee of the Legislative Council of Western Australia has contributed constructively to the debate with this report.
FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
15 Recommendations are grouped as they appear in the text at the page number indicated:
Page 26
Finding 1: The Committee finds that when horizontal drilling and multi-well pad technology are used during hydraulic fracturing for unconventional gas, the surface footprint of the process is decreased, therefore also minimising the environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing.
ii FORTY-SECOND REPORT Executive Summary, Findings and Recommendations
Page 37
Finding 2: The Committee finds that, prior to the commencement of this inquiry, the Department of Mines and Petroleum had taken action to assess the readiness of the agency to deal effectively with the regulation of the onshore shale gas industry, including exploration and production and took action to strengthen its regulatory framework for onshore gas exploration.
Page 37
Finding 3: The Committee finds that, during the course of this inquiry, the management of well activities, including field management plans and the requirements for baseline monitoring, as set out in the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources (Resource Management and Administration) Regulations 2015 has improved, which is a positive development in the regulation of onshore gas activities and hydraulic fracturing in Western Australia.
Page 38
Finding 4: The Committee finds that the information required in environment plans lodged pursuant to regulation 14 of the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources (Environment) Regulations 2012 is important baseline information which is essential to regulate any ongoing effects of hydraulic fracturing on the environment.
Page 40
Finding 5: The Committee finds that the current penalties included in the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources (Resource Management and Administration) Regulations 2015, which range from penalties of $4000 to a maximum of $10 000, are not adequate to effectively deter the behaviour outlined in the regulations.
Page 40
Recommendation 1: The Committee recommends that the Government amend section 153(3) of the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources Act 1967 to increase the maximum fines permitted in regulations made under the Act to a more appropriate level.
Page 43
Finding 6: The Committee finds that Part 9 of the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources (Resource Management and Administration) Regulations 2015, in particular regulation 83, does not meet the Department of Mines and Petroleum‟s stated intention of transparent and open communication and engagement with the public regarding hydraulic fracturing in this State.
iii
Environment and Public Affairs Committee FORTY-SECOND REPORT
Page 43
Recommendation 2: The Committee recommends that regulation 83 of the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources (Resource Management and Administration) Regulations 2015 be amended, in particular the deletion of regulations 83(4) and 83(5).
Page 45
Finding 7: The Committee finds that the Department of Mines and Petroleum has improved its monitoring and compliance activities following the Auditor General‟s 2011 report, „Ensuring Compliance with Conditions on Mining‟, that had found deficiencies in its compliance with conditions on mining.
Page 53
Finding 8: The Committee finds that there is an inconsistency between the terms of referral in the Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Mines and Petroleum and the Environmental Protection Authority and the informal interagency discussions which take place prior to proposals being referred under section 38 of the Environmental Protection Act 1986.
Page 53
Recommendation 3: The Committee recommends that the Memorandum of Understanding between the Department of Mines and Petroleum and the Environmental Protection Agency be amended to require the Department of Mines and Petroleum to refer all proposals under section 38 of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 to the Environmental Protection Agency.
Page 56
Finding 9: The Committee finds that the Environmental Protection Authority‟s process of assessing proposals according to the Environmental Protection Act 1986 is well-established and satisfies the legislative requirements of section 38 of the Act and its role as an advisory agency to the Minister for the Environment.
Page 56
Finding 10: The Committee finds that the Environmental Protection Authority has a mature understanding of its statutory obligations and that, during the course of this inquiry, the agency has set in place procedures to better explain its role to the community.
Page 57
Finding 11: The Committee finds that the decision by the Environmental Protection Authority to not conduct a formal assessment of a proposal pursuant to the requirements of section 38 of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 is a decision pursuant to that statute.
iv FORTY-SECOND REPORT Executive Summary, Findings and Recommendations
Page 59
Finding 12: The Committee finds that, whilst the agreement between the Department of Water and the Department of Mines and Petroleum is primarily administrative in its content, it is a positive development in the interagency regulation of the unconventional gas industry in Western Australia.
Page 62
Finding 13: The Committee finds that there are sufficient safeguards and water source protection policies in place to protect Public Drinking Water Source Areas in Western Australia without the introduction of a 1.5 kilometre buffer zone between water source areas and unconventional gas activity.
Page 62
Finding 14: The Committee finds that the Department of Water is acutely aware of the importance of protecting Public Drinking Water Source Areas and their integrity in Western Australia and is addressing this issue proactively through measures such as the new administrative agreement with the Department of Mines and Petroleum.
Page 63
Recommendation 4: The Committee recommends that the Department of Mines and Petroleum develop a mechanism to consult with the Water Corporation (or, in the case of regional areas, with the relevant water provider) in relation to the regulation of hydraulic fracturing activities.
Page 68
Finding 15: The Committee finds that the Department of Health‟s Hydraulic fracturing for shale and tight gas in Western Australian drinking water supply areas: Human Health Risk Assessment is an important document in informing the public debate about hydraulic fracturing.
Page 80
Finding 16: The Committee finds that the Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association Limited‟s Land Access Roundtable is a worthy initiative to bring land owners and resource companies to the negotiating table with regard to land access, but more needs to be done to ensure that land owners‟ rights are protected.
Page 83
Finding 17: The Committee finds that it is a fundamental expectation of the Australian community that a resource company must negotiate with a land owner before seeking to enter onto their land.
v
Environment and Public Affairs Committee FORTY-SECOND REPORT
Page 84
Finding 18: The Committee finds that the relative bargaining strength of a landowner compared with a resource company is a significant issue in all jurisdictions.
Page 84
Finding 19: The Committee finds that land owners and resource companies should be encouraged to negotiate land access agreements through the use of alternative dispute resolution methods, rather than seeking redress through the court system.
Page 84
Finding 20: The Committee finds that resource companies should be liable to pay for the reasonable legal and other associated costs of land owners during negotiations for land access.
Page 86
Finding 21: The Committee finds that the establishment of an independent statutory body is the most appropriate means to address the inequity in bargaining power between land owners and resource companies during negotiations for access to land.
Page 87
Recommendation 5: The Committee recommends that the Government establish a statutory body similar to the Queensland GasFields Commission to act as an independent arbiter for land owners and resource companies in land access negotiations involving onshore shale gas.
Page 87
Recommendation 6: The Committee recommends that the Government establish a working group, including land owner representatives and community leaders, to draft legislation for a statutory framework for land access agreements between land owners and resource companies. The framework should include provisions for an agreement template, compensation for land owners and the enforcement of mandatory access conditions using Queensland‟s Land Access Code as a guide.
Page 102
Finding 22: The Committee finds that Western Australia‟s requirements for operators to use a minimum of three casing strings during drilling represents international best practice in the onshore gas industry.
vi FORTY-SECOND REPORT Executive Summary, Findings and Recommendations
Page 102
Finding 23: The Committee finds that it is beneficial for Western Australian regulators and operators to look to unconventional gas industries in other jurisdictions and learn from the more established stakeholders in the global shale gas market.
Page 107
Finding 24: The Committee finds that, whilst the amount of chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing fluid can be very large, the proportion of chemical to water and proppant is heavily diluted.
Page 110
Finding 25: The Committee finds that the use of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene during hydraulic fracturing poses an unacceptable and unnecessary risk to the environment and to human health.
Page 110
Recommendation 7: The Committee recommends that the Government ban the use of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene during any hydraulic fracturing operations undertaken in Western Australia.
Page 113
Finding 26: The Committee finds that the perceived secrecy surrounding the details of chemicals used by resource companies during hydraulic fracturing operations is a very important issue in the community and must be addressed.
Page 113
Recommendation 8: The Committee recommends that the Department of Mines and Petroleum‟s policy of public disclosure of chemicals used in any hydraulic fracturing activity be formalised in subsidiary legislation.
Page 130
Finding 27: The Committee finds that there are significant environmental and financial benefits that may accrue to operators from the use of recycled wastewater during hydraulic fracturing.
Page 130
Recommendation 9: The Committee recommends that resource companies in Western Australia be encouraged to explore the recycling of wastewater during hydraulic fracturing operations, where practicable.
vii
Environment and Public Affairs Committee FORTY-SECOND REPORT
Page 131
Finding 28: The Committee finds that the Government should encourage resource companies to investigate alternatives to fresh water use during hydraulic fracturing, including the use of water from saline aquifers, with a view to reducing the reliance upon fresh water for hydraulic fracturing operations.
Page 134
Finding 29: The Committee finds that the likelihood of hydraulic fractures intersecting underground aquifers is negligible.
Page 135
Finding 30: The Committee finds that the risk of spills of chemicals or other fluids associated with hydraulic fracturing can be effectively managed in Western Australia through the environmental requirements in the Petroleum and Geothermal Resources (Environment) Regulations 2012.
Page 137
Finding 31: The Committee finds that the risk of water contamination as a result of fugitive methane during hydraulic fracturing in Western Australia is highly unlikely and can be minimised through baseline monitoring of water quality and ongoing monitoring pursuant to the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources (Environment) Regulations 2012.
Page 137
Finding 32: The Committee finds that the risk of fugitive methane relative to the total number of wells is very low and can be adequately managed.
Page 137
Finding 33: The Committee finds that baseline water quality monitoring to measure any presence of methane in water sources is essential to ensure that water sources are protected from contamination.
Page 137
Recommendation 10: The Committee recommends that baseline monitoring of aquifers and the subsequent publication of this data be a mandatory condition of all approvals for hydraulic fracturing operations in Western Australia.
Page 143
Finding 34: The Committee finds that many of the concerns expressed by the community in relation to the impact of hydraulic fracturing for unconventional gas can be addressed through robust regulation and ongoing monitoring. viii FORTY-SECOND REPORT Executive Summary, Findings and Recommendations
Page 143
Finding 35: The Committee finds that the statement that the development of the unconventional gas industry in Western Australia will result in thousands of wells in the Kimberley and the Midwest has been over-stated and is not based on evidence.
Page 143
Finding 36: The Committee finds that the cumulative impact of the number of shale gas wells is an important factor in assessing the ongoing impact of hydraulic fracturing on land.
Page 145
Finding 37: The Committee finds that it is important to recognise that there is mistrust and confusion in the community due to the different definitions of well failure.
Page 149
Finding 38: The Committee finds that a well failure does not necessarily result in a leak to the external environment, therefore it is incorrect to equate all well failures with environmental impacts.
Page 150
Finding 39: The Committee finds that Western Australian best practice in well design and construction means that it is more meaningful to refer to a well failure having an impact on the environment when the well failure results in a leak path to the environment. According to evidence from the Department of Mines and Petroleum, there have been no failures of surface or conductor casings.
Page 152
Finding 40: The Committee finds that, whilst there are some international jurisdictions where lost or orphan wells continue to have an impact on the environment, in contrast, Western Australia has a robust system in place for the monitoring of abandoned wells that begins prior to any petroleum activity taking place.
Page 155
Finding 41: The Committee finds that the Mining Rehabilitation Fund that applies to tenements issued under the Mining Act 1978 is a positive development in the ongoing rehabilitation of land used for mining activities.
ix
Environment and Public Affairs Committee FORTY-SECOND REPORT
Page 155
Recommendation 11: The Committee recommends that a fund similar to the Mining Rehabilitation Fund under the Mining Rehabilitation Fund Act 2012 be established for activities governed by the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Act 1967.
Page 161
Finding 42: The Committee finds that the risk of induced seismicity associated with hydraulic fracturing of shale plays at depth is negligible.
Page 161
Finding 43: The Committee finds that the Department of Mines and Petroleum‟s policy of not permitting reinjection of wastewater into aquifers has merit and is supported.
Page 161
Finding 44: The Committee finds that reinjection should not generally be the preferred option for the disposal of wastewater during hydraulic fracturing operations.
Page 163
Finding 45: The Committee finds that, given Western Australia‟s geology and low background seismicity, the State is unlikely to experience any negative effects from induced seismicity as a result of hydraulic fracturing.
Page 164
Finding 46: The Committee finds that the risk of induced seismicity linked to hydraulic fracturing can be effectively reduced by implementing mitigation strategies and using baseline data to monitor seismicity before, during and after any hydraulic fracturing activities.
Page 164
Finding 47: The Committee finds that a traffic light monitoring system for induced seismic events related to hydraulic fracturing has merit, but is unlikely to be necessary in Western Australia.
Page 170
Finding 48: The Committee finds that ongoing consultation with the community is essential for a continued social licence to exist, as the nature of unconventional gas development is such that one-off consultation is ineffective.
x FORTY-SECOND REPORT Executive Summary, Findings and Recommendations
Page 175
Finding 49: The Committee finds that the views of those communities directly affected by hydraulic fracturing operations should hold significant weight in any decision-making related to the development of an unconventional gas industry in Western Australia.
Page 176
Finding 50: The Committee finds that baseline monitoring of water sources and local geology is fundamentally important, not only for scientific purposes, but also to establish a successful social licence for unconventional gas development.
Page 176
Finding 51: The Committee finds that transparency in data and effective communication to the public of information related to hydraulic fracturing is vital to establish a successful social licence for unconventional gas development.
Page 177
Recommendation 12: The Committee recommends that any future consideration of hydraulic fracturing for unconventional gas in Western Australia be based on established facts, ascertained through baseline data and monitoring, with a view to strengthening the industry‟s social licence to operate.
xi
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About the Panel members
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Fracking Inquiry Report_Appendices.indd 4 29/08/2018 12:01:38 PM This page has been intentionally left blank Chair
Dr Tom Hatton
Dr Hatton has a Bachelor of Science (summa cum laude), Master of Science from Humboldt State University, and a doctorate from the College of Natural Resources at Utah State University.
Following post-doctoral studies in mathematics at the University of New South Wales he joined the CSIRO as an environmental scientist, working on the many water- related challenges facing Australia. Over a 25-year
career at the CSIRO, he directed the Water for a Healthy Country Flagship as well as the Wealth from Oceans Flagship, Australia’s largest water and marine research portfolios, delivering research directly underpinning the efficient and responsible development of Australia’s natural resources while ensuring the conservation of the environmental and social values. In 2014, Tom retired as CSIRO Group Executive for Energy, responsible for national facilities and capabilities in renewable and non-renewable energy, and mining research and development.
In 1999, Tom was awarded the inaugural WE Wood Award for scientific excellence in the field of salinity research, and the Utah State University Alumni Professional Achievement Award. In 2008, Tom received the CSIRO Chairman’s Medal and the Australian Public Service Medal for his contributions to the management of Australia’s water resources. He was made a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Technology and Engineering in 2017.
Dr Hatton chaired the Western Australian Marine Parks and Reserves Authority (2012-2015) and chaired the 2011 Australian State of the Environment Committee. He is an adjunct professor at the University of Western Australia and serves on their Oceans Institute Advisory Board, as well as the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research Board. He serves on the Board of the Western Australia Parks Foundation and is the Chairman of the Western Australian Environmental Protection Authority.
Panel Members
Philip Commander
Philip Commander retired as Principal Hydrogeologist with the Department of Water after 38 years in the Public Service carrying out groundwater investigations throughout the state, advising on groundwater management and protection, and assessing development proposals for their impact on groundwater.
Philip completed his Master of Science on the hydrogeology of the Eneabba area and has worked extensively on the hydrogeology of the Perth Basin. He has served on the National Water Commission’s Groundwater Advisory Committee and the Department of Water’s Science Review Panel.
He is a past President of the Australian Chapter of the International Association of Hydrogeologists, and has been Adjunct Associate Professor at the University of Western Australia, and Adjunct Senior Lecturer at Curtin University. He is currently an independent hydrogeological consultant.
Dr Ben Clennell
Dr Ben Clennell is a scientist and research leader in studies of rock physical properties, spanning petrophysics, geomechanics, structural geology and marine and petroleum geology including natural gas hydrate formation, with particular interests in pore structure characterisation, thermophysics in porous media, digital rocks, multiphase flow, electrical and nuclear magnetic properties, and integration of multi- scale, multi-physics data to understand dynamic subsurface processes.
Ben is the Australian representative on the Site Survey Panel of the International Ocean Discovery Program-SEP 2014-2017 and participates on the Governing Council and Science Committee member for ANZIC, Australian Scientific Ocean Drilling.
Ben is also a CSIRO Representative on Geological Survey of Western Australia Oil and Gas Technical Liaison Subcommittee since 2015. Dr Fiona Haslam Mckenzie
Dr. Fiona Haslam Mckenzie is a Professor at the Centre for Regional Development, University of Western Australia. Fiona was educated in Australia and the United States and has a rich academic background, including a PhD in political geography, researching the socio-economic impacts of the restructuring of the Australian agricultural industry. Over the last two decades her focus has been the socio-economic impact of the Australian staples economies, particularly the Australian resources sectors.
She has extensive experience in population and socio-economic change, housing, regional economic development and analysis of remote, regional and urban socio-economic indicators. Fiona was appointed director of the Centre for Regional Development at the University of Western Australia in 2015.
She has served on several government and private sector boards, undertaken work for corporate and small business sectors and has published widely.
Dr Jackie Wright
Dr Jackie Wright is the Director of Environmental Risk Sciences Pty Ltd and has over 25 years’ experience in human health and ecological risk assessment and toxicology in Australia. She has completed her PhD in Environmental and Public Health at Flinders University and remains an adjunct lecturer at the university.
She has a wide range of experience in the assessment of human health and ecological risk issues including mining activities, industrial activities, pesticides, air
contamination issues, contaminated land, pollution incidents, clandestine drug laboratories and the conduct of detailed health impact assessments for major infrastructure projects.
She has been directly involved with the development of national guidelines for the assessment of contaminated sites and remediation of clandestine drug laboratories.
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Australian Academy of Technology and Engineering (ATSE) bibliography: Recommended reading regarding the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing and shale gas development
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
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RECOMMENDED READING REGARDING THE POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURING AND SHALE GAS DEVELOPMENT
Background
On 5 September 2017, the Western Australian Government announced an independent scientific panel inquiry into the effects on the environment of the process of hydraulic fracture stimulation, known as fracking.
This scientific inquiry follows a commitment by the WA Government to ban fracking in the Perth metropolitan, Peel and South-West regions of Western Australia and impose a moratorium on the remainder of the State until recommendations from the inquiry can inform future policy.
The scientific inquiry will be conducted through a panel established by the Minister for Environment under section 25 of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 (EP Act).
The Inquiry will seek independent expert advice about the process of fracking in Western Australian geologies and environments. The scope is to understand the immediate and long-term impacts of the fracking process on environment, water, agricultural productivity and community. The synthesis of this input by the inquiry will inform Government about the viability of this process in Western Australia.
Unlike other broader inquiries across Australia, this inquiry is not considering the fracking industry and its socio-economic impact on other industries, and the comparative value of fracking against other energy producing technologies. It is focused specifically on the direct impacts of the fracking process.
To aid the Panel’s thorough investigations, the Australian Academy of Technology and Engineering (ATSE) has produced a bibliography of key relevant literature. The bibliography focuses on higher-level reviews, but extends to a selection of research and industry publications that provide summaries of technologies and best practices, and assessments of potential impacts to water resources, ecology, health, and the climate (emissions).
Major Reviews, Reports and Inquiries
The following list covers the most relevant reviews of unconventional gas, shale gas, or hydraulic fracturing and its various risks and undertaken in Australia, the United States, Canada, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. In addition, a non-exhaustive selection of reviews from other jurisdictions is also included for the Panel’s reference.
Australia
Year Publisher Report Link
National
2013 Australian Council of Learned Academies Engineering energy: unconventional gas production link
2013 Office of the Chief Scientist Engineering energy: unconventional gas production (Summary and link Recommendations)
2014 Independent Expert Scientific Committee on Coal Seam Gas Background review: Hydraulic fracturing ('fraccing') techniques, including link and Coal Mining and the Department of Environment reporting requirements and governance arrangements
2014 Independent Expert Scientific Committee on Coal Seam Gas Background review: Bore integrity link and Coal Mining
2015 Australian Academy of Technology and Engineering Unconventional Gas: Opportunities & Challenges (International Workshop link Communique)
2016 The Senate Select Committee on Unconventional Gas Mining The Senate Select Committee on Unconventional Gas Mining (Interim link report )
2
Western Australia
2014 Parliament of WA, Environment and Public Affairs Committee Implications for Western Australia of Hydraulic Fracturing for link Unconventional Gas
2015 Government of WA Department of Health Hydraulic fracturing for shale and tight gas in Western Australian drinking link water supply areas
Northern Territory
2014 Hydraulic Fracturing Inquiry (Allan Hawke AC) Report of the Independent Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracturing in the link Northern Territory
2017 Hydraulic Fracturing Taskforce Scientific inquiry into Hydraulic Fracturing in the Northern Territory' link Interim Report July 2017
South Australia
2016 Parliament of South Australia, Natural Resources Committee Unconventional Gas (Fracking) in the South East of South Australia link
Tasmania
2015 Tasmanian Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Review of hydraulic fracturing in Tasmania link Environment
3
Victoria
2015 Victorian Legislative Council, Environment and Planning Inquiry into onshore unconventional gas in Victoria: Final Report link Committee
2015 Victorian Auditor-General's Office Unconventional Gas: Managing Risks and Impacts link
New South Wales (Coal Seam Gas Focus)
2014 NSW Chief Scientist & Engineer Final Report of the Independent Review of Coal Seam Gas Activities in link NSW
2012 New South Wales Parliament Legislative Council. Coal seam gas link
United States
Year Publisher Report Link
2012 University of Texas: Energy Institute Fact-Based Regulation for Environmental Protection in Shale Gas link Development
2012 United States Government Accountability Office Information on Shale Resources, Development, and Environmental and link Public Health Risks
2014 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Health Impact Assessment of Shale Gas Extraction: link Medicine Workshop Summary
4
2014 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Risks and Risk Governance in Shale Gas Development: Summary of Two link Medicine Workshops
2014 Maryland Departments of the Environment and Natural Marcellus Shale Safe Drilling Initiative Study link Resources
2014 New York State Department of Health A Public Health Review of High Volume Hydraulic Fracturing for Shale link Gas Development
2015 Ground Water Protection Council and Interstate Oil and Gas Potential Injection-Induced Seismicity Associated with Oil & Gas link Compact Commission Development
2015 US Department of Energy Quadrennial Technology Review 2015, Chapter 7 link
2015 California Council on Science and Technology Well Stimulation in California link
2015 Maryland Departments of the Environment and Natural Marcellus Shale Risk Assessment – Final Draft link Resources
2015 New York Department of Environmental Conservation Final Supplemental Generic Environmental Impact Statement on the Oil, link Gas and Solution Mining Regulatory Program
2015 Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Department of A report on the regulation and safety of hydraulic fracturing for oil or link Environmental Conservation natural gas recovery
2016 American Chemical Society The Science and Technology of Hydraulic Fracturing link
5
2016 United States Environmental Protection Agency Hydraulic Fracturing for Oil and Gas: Impacts from the Hydraulic link Fracturing Water Cycle on Drinking Water Resources in the United States (Final Report)
2017 USGS Hydraulic Fracturing and Induced Seismicity link
2017 The Academy of Medicine, Engineering and Science of Texas Environmental and Community Impacts of Shale Development in Texas link
Canada
Year Publisher Report Link
2014 Council of Canadian Academies Environmental Impacts of Shale Gas Extraction in Canada link
2015 Yukon Legislative Assembly Final Report of the Select Committee Regarding the Risks and Benefits of link Hydraulic Fracturing
2016 New Brunswick Commission on Hydraulic Fracturing New Brunswick Commission on Hydraulic Fracturing Final Report link
2016 Newfoundland and Labrador Hydraulic Fracturing Review Newfoundland and Labrador Hydraulic Fracturing Review Panel Final link Report
South Africa
Year Publisher Report Link
2015 South African Academy of Engineering South Africa's Technical Readiness to Support the Shale Gas Industry link
6
2017 CSIR Strategic Environmental Assessment for Shale Gas Development link
United Kingdom
Year Publisher Report Link
2012 The Royal Society & Royal Academy of Engineering Shale gas extraction in the UK: a review of hydraulic fracturing link
2013 Grantham Institute for Climate Change Shale gas and climate change link
2014 Public Health England Review of the Potential Public Health Impacts of Exposures to Chemical link and Radioactive Pollutants as a Result of the Shale Gas Extraction Process
2014 Expert Scientific Panel on Unconventional Oil & Gas (Scotland) Expert Scientific Panel Report on Unconventional Oil & Gas link
2015 House of Commons, Environmental Audit Committee Environmental risks of fracking link
2016 Chartered Institution of Water and Environmental Shale Gas and Water link Management
2017 House of Commons Library Shale gas and fracking link
Other Jurisdictions
Country Year Publisher Report Link
EU 2014 European Academies Science Advisory Council Shale gas extraction: issues of particular relevance to the European Union link
EU 2016 European Oilfield Speciality Chemicals Generic exposure scenario for the use of chemicals in the exploration and link Association production of hydrocarbons using high-volume hydraulic fracturing
7
EU 2016 European Commission Environmental Aspects on Unconventional Fossil Fuels link
France 2013 Académie des Sciences Elements to clarify the shale gas debate link
Germany 2013 Umweltbundesamt Environmental Impacts of Fracking Related to Exploration and Exploitation of link Unconventional Natural Gas Deposits
Germany 2016 Acatech Hydraulic Fracturing, A technology under debate link
Lithuania 2014 Lithuanian Academy of Sciences Genesis of shale geological formations and hydrocarbon extraction: impact link on environment and human health
Switzerland 2014 Swiss Academies of Arts and Sciences A Focus on Fracking: Potentials, opportunities and risks link
8
Research Publications
This selection of research publications includes high-level reviews of environmental, social and/or economic risks associated with unconventional gas (typically shale) development. A selection of single-issue journal articles are included to provide additional context. ATSE was unable to investigate the quality of each individual article in the time available, however all of the listed publications are from peer reviewed journals or reputable research institutions.
ATSE notes that many of the articles in this list are not open access. As such, this list may have limited use for a public audience.
Author(s) Year Title Link
Reviews
Arent et al. 2015 A review of water and greenhouse gas impacts of unconventional natural gas development in the United link States
Carpenter 2016 Hydraulic fracturing for natural gas: impact on health and environment link
Cooper et al. 2016 Shale Gas: A Review of the Economic, Environmental, and Social Sustainability link
Costa et al. 2017 Extensive review of shale gas environmental impacts from scientific literature (2010-2015). link
Hays and Shonkoff 2016 Toward an Understanding of the Environmental and Public Health Impacts of Unconventional Natural Gas link Development: A Categorical Assessment of the Peer-Reviewed Scientific Literature, 2009-2015
Lampe and Stolz 2015 Current perspectives on unconventional shale gas extraction in the Appalachian Basin link
Mehany and Guggemos 2015 A Literature Survey of the Fracking Economic and Environmental Implications in the United States link
9
Prpich et al. 2015 Review of the scientific evidence to support environmental risk assessment of shale gas development in link the UK
Ecology
Brittingham et al. 2014 Ecological risks of shale oil and gas development to wildlife, aquatic resources and their habitats. link
Burton et al. 2014 Hydraulic “Fracking”: Are surface water impacts an ecological concern? link
Emissions
Caulton et al. 2014 Toward a better understanding and quantification of methane emissions from shale gas development link
CSIRO 2017 What does science tell us about fugitive methane emissions from unconventional gas? link
Heath et al. 2014 Harmonization of initial estimates of shale gas life cycle greenhouse gas emissions for electric power link generation
Howarth 2015 Methane emissions and climatic warming risk from hydraulic fracturing and shale gas development: link implications for policy
Melbourne Energy 2016 A review of current and future methane emissions from Australian unconventional oil and gas production link Institute
Ren et al. 2017 Methane emissions from the Marcellus Shale in southwestern Pennsylvania and northern West Virginia link based on airborne measurements
10
Public Health
Basu et al. 2013 Public Health and Hydraulic Fracturing in Michigan link
Marrero et al. 2016 Estimating Emissions of Toxic Hydrocarbons from Natural Gas Production Sites in the Barnett Shale link Region of Northern Texas
Saunders et al. 2016 A review of the public health impacts of unconventional natural gas development. link
Werner et al. 2014 Environmental health impacts of unconventional natural gas development: A review of the current strength link of evidence
Risk Management
Boyle et al. 2016 Hazard Ranking Methodology for Assessing Health Impacts of Unconventional Natural Gas Development link and Production: The Maryland Case Study
Ethridge et al. 2015 The Barnett Shale: From problem formulation to risk management link
Michalski and Ficek 2014 Environmental pollution by chemical substances used in the shale gas extraction—a review link
Small et al. 2014 Risks and Risk Governance in Unconventional Shale Gas Development link
Ziemkiewicz et al. 2014 Practical measures for reducing the risk of environmental contamination in shale energy production link
11
Seismicity
Institute of Geological 2012 An Assessment of the Effects of Hydraulic Fracturing on Seismicity in the Taranaki Region link and Nuclear Sciences Limited
Atkinson et al. 2016 Hydraulic Fracturing and Seismicity in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin link
Water Quality
Drollette et al. 2015 Elevated levels of diesel range organic compounds in groundwater near Marcellus gas operations are link derived from surface activities
Estrada and 2016 A review of the issues and treatment options for wastewater from shale gas extraction by hydraulic link Bhamidimarri fracturing
Gagnon et al. 2016 Impacts of hydraulic fracturing on water quality: a review of literature, regulatory frameworks and an link analysis of information gaps
Jackson et al. 2013 Increased stray gas abundance in a subset of drinking water wells near Marcellus shale gas extraction link
Llewellyn et al. 2014 Evaluating a groundwater supply contamination incident attributed to Marcellus Shale gas development link
Olmstead et al. 2012 Shale gas development impacts on surface water quality in Pennsylvania link
Rodriguez and Soeder 2015 Evolving water management practices in shale oil & gas development link
12
Sherwood et al. 2015 Groundwater methane in relation to oil and gas development and shallow coal seams in the Denver- link Julesburg Basin of Colorado
Vengosh et al. 2014 A critical review of the risks to water resources from unconventional shale gas development and hydraulic link fracturing in the United States.
Vidic et al. 2013 Impact of Shale Gas Development on Regional Water Quality link
Barrier and Well Integrity
King and King 2013 Environmental Risk Arising From Well-Construction Failure--Differences Between Barrier and Well Failure, link and Estimates of Failure Frequency Across Common Well Types, Locations, and Well Age
Davies et al. 2014 Oil and gas wells and their integrity: Implications for shale and unconventional resource exploitation link
13
Other Publications
A collection of relevant resources and publications from industry, government and other organisations. This list focuses on technical descriptions of hydraulic fracturing as well as principles for leading practice environmental management and regulations.
Publisher Year Publication Country Link
APPEA 2017 Science and technology facts Australia link
APPEA 2011 Western Australian Onshore Gas: Code of Practice for Hydraulic Australia link Fracturing
CSIRO 2017 Onshore Gas Australia link
Geoscience Australia 2017 Report to the COAG Energy Council on Unconventional Reserves, Australia link Resources, Production, Forecasts and Drilling Rates
Independent Expert Scientific Committee on Coal 2013 Bioregional assessment methodology Australia link Seam Gas and Large Coal Mining Development
Santos 2015 Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation Technical Fact Sheet Australia link
All Consulting 2012 The Modern Practices of Hydraulic Fracturing: A Focus on Canada link Canadian Resources
Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers 2012 Guiding Principles for Hydraulic Fracturing Canada link
14
International Association of Oil and Gas 2014 Shale Gas & Hydraulic Fracturing Europe link Producers
International Energy Agency 2012 Golden Rules for a Golden Age of Gas Global link
International Gas Union 2012 Shale Gas: The Facts about the Environmental Concerns Global link
International Association of Oil and Gas 2013 Good practice guidelines for the development of shale oil and gas Global link Producers
American Petroleum Institute 2015 Hydraulic Fracturing—Well Integrity and Fracture Containment United link States
American Petroleum Institute 2013 Overview of Best Practices United link States
American Petroleum Institute 2015 Managing Environmental Aspects Associated With Exploration And United link Production Operations Including Hydraulic Fracturing States
Energy in Depth 2017 Compendium of Studies Demonstrating the Safety and Health United link Benefits of Fracking States
Environmentally Friendly Drilling 2016 The Environmentally Friendly Drilling Systems Technology United link Integration Program States
Frac Focus 2017 Hydraulic Fracturing: The Process United link States
15
Gradient 2013 National Human Health Risk Evaluation for Hydraulic Fracturing United link Fluid Additives States
Harvard Business School and The Boston 2016 America's Unconventional Energy Opportunity United link Consulting Group States
State Review of Oil and Natural Gas 2017 2017 STRONGER Guidelines United link Environmental Regulations States
Water Research Foundation 2015 Hydraulic Fracturing Workshop Report: Developing Water and Oil United link & Gas Sector Partnerships States
16 Appendix 4
Submitters that contributed to the Inquiry
Individual submissions are available on the Inquiry website at www.frackinginquiry.wa.gov.au/submission-library
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Fracking Inquiry Report_Appendices.indd 6 29/08/2018 2:02:21 PM This page has been intentionally left blank List of people and organisations that contributed to the inquiry either through providing a submission or attending a public meeting
A Cole Adam Blakester
A Herrmann Adam Bufton
A Hopgood Adam Currie
A Hrymakowski Adam Davies
A M A Dejong Adam Doolan
A Robey Adam Keegan
Aariel Mcnaughtan Adam Kelly
Aaron Bond Adam Marr
Aaron Di Bona Adam Megow
Aaron Faucett Adam Myles
Aaron Flanders Adam Peate
Aaron Hemsley Adam Shuttleworth
Aaron Horsey Adam Stokes
Aaron Hughes Adam Taylor
Aaron Muller Adam Vaughan
Aaron Reddall Adam Wareham
Aaron Ro Adelaide Bevilaqua
Aaron Thompson Adele Collins
Aaron Tuckey Adele Foote
Aaron Wormald Adele Shepherd
Abbey Bredenkamp Adlan Fiocco-Ramos
Abbey Geissmann Adolf Schuster
Abbey Rodda Adrian Cooke
Abbie Leonhardt Adrian Dawson
Abdul Casley Adrian Dean
Abigail Humphreys Adrian Dunn
Abner Coates Adrian Dziwisch
Ada Shackleton Adrian Evans
Adam Beames Adrian Galimberti
Adam Bennett Adrian Head Adrian Kortus Akirra Cable
Adrian Rogers Al Bartlett
Adrian Scatena Al Cann
Adrian Speck Al Gibbs
Adrian White Al Gibson
Adriana Bauer Al Taylor
Adriana Toledo Alain Ashman
Adriano Biundo Alan Abitbol
Adriano Regano Alan Benn
Adrien Lecompte Alan Bouwman
Adrienne Huber Alan Brennan
Adrienne Little Alan Clayton
Adrienne Morgan Alan Davis
Adrienne Rowell Alan Dean
Adrienne Seaton Alan Dunnett
Adrienne Williams Alan Edwards
Afrika Quinlivan Alan Gill
Agnes Kowalczyk Alan Ivemy
Aileen Lynch Alan Mason
Aileen Sparrow Alan McLaughlin
Aileen Toll Alan Moore
Ailene Hewitt Alan O'Callaghan
Aimee Dodds Alan Punch
Aimee Herriot Alan Rate
Aimee Kenyon Alan Rogers
Aimee Mitchell Alan Sherman
Aine Romek Alan Taylor
Ainslie Bahr Alan Taylor
Aisha Ali Alan Tremolada
Aisling O'Donnell Alan Turnbull
Aisling Wallace Alan Wilson
Aislinn Crowe Alana Altmann
Akihiko Takao Alana Evans Alana Hunt Alexander Derry
Alana Kippers Alexander Grace
Alana Norton Alexander Sutherland
Alanna Kursar Alexandra Ahlgren
Alanna Strickland Alexandra Bamforth
Alannah Dixon Alexandra Hebbert
Alasdair Wardle Alexandra Potter
Alaska Ghosal Alexandra Seddon
Alastair McNaughton Alexandre Jesus
Albert Filippa Alexis Sherman
Albert Mah Alexis ShW
Alberto Zanette Alexsandra Louise
Aleesha Hanczakowski Alfred Low
Alejandro Corona Alfred Strohmeier
Alessandra Biggoer Ali Armistead
Alex Anderson Ali Baker
Alex Birkner Ali Buckley
Alex Cheng Ali Clifton
Alex Dulisse Ali Karcher
Alex Hawes Ali Peacock
Alex Jones Ali Rayner
Alex Mijatovic Ali Richards
Alex Naday Ali Wilson
Alex Needham Alice Appel
Alex Ross Alice Beauchamp
Alex Solonec Alice Bishop
Alex Stavis Alice Cairns
Alex Wheeler Alice Hampton
Alex Witty Alice Pickering
Alex Wylie Alice Riddle
Alexa Tunmer Alicia Bee
Alexander Belford Alicia Simpson
Alexander Cox Alicia Turnbull Alida Cappelletta Allan Kelman
Alisha Joynes Allan Pardoe-Bell
Alison Batten Allan Ward
Alison Bremer Allannah Weightman
Alison Brooks Allen Cullen
Alison Carroll Allen Olson
Alison Collins Allie Wilson
Alison Daubney Allison Brand
Alison Edmonds Allison Foster
Alison Gounddrey Allison Hepburn
Alison Grose Allison Knox
Alison Guy Allison Lamont
Alison Jackson Allison Schultz
Alison Leitch Allison Young
Alison Malkin Ally Joy
Alison Mason Ally Ki
Alison McShanag Alma Reeves
Alison Midgley Alushia Wilson
Alison Morant Alyse Turbett
Alison Southern Alyssa Curtayne
Alison Thomson Alyssa Over
Alison Wishart Amalia Pearson
Alissa Mounsey Amalie Hemmingsen
Alistair Trethowan Amanda Alosi
Alistair Winrow Amanda Barnes
Alistair-Ross Winrow Amanda Bell
Alister Robinson Amanda Blowers
Alla Hayes Amanda Brett
Allan Boyd Amanda Burrows
Allan Churn Amanda Carter
Allan Cox Amanda Caruana
Allan Hooper Amanda Cowell
Allan Inglis Amanda Dalyell Amanda Davis Amber Murphy
Amanda Douglas-Smith Amber O'Flanagan
Amanda Doust Amber Weir
Amanda Eade Ame Freeman
Amanda Evans Amelia Anthony
Amanda Gibbons Amelia Gabbiani
Amanda Hale Amelia Griffin-Toovey
Amanda Hassall Amelia Quaife
Amanda Heal Amiy Pearson
Amanda Hewton Amy Attewell
Amanda Hook Amy Blacker
Amanda Lambert Amy Butler
Amanda Leatherday Amy Byrnes
Amanda Lucas Amy Chadbourne
Amanda Macfarlane Amy Cramer
Amanda McInerney Amy Day
Amanda Mcquillan Amy Dixon
Amanda Milburn Amy Dyer
Amanda Opanubi Amy Dyer
Amanda Reddell Amy Edington
Amanda Roberts Amy Foster
Amanda Selling Amy Grady
Amanda Shoebridge Amy Harlib
Amanda Smith Amy Harrison
Amanda Walsh Amy Ingram
Amanda West Amy Matheson
Amanda Winnett Amy McAuliffe
Amaryntha Schalin Amy Nilsson
Amber Bateup Amy Nowlan
Amber Beasley Amy Pink
Amber Byers Amy Quinn
Amber Hudson Amy Scanlan
Amber Lenehan Amy Warne Amy Webster Andrew Blackburn
Amy Williams Andrew Blyth
Amy Wyatt Andrew Bowman
Amy-Rose Beavington Andrew Buchanan
Ana Correia-Gnavi Andrew Clements
Ana Cussinet Andrew Cole
Ana Sangiau Andrew Dickinson
Anastasia Tatas Andrew Donlon
Anca Barrett Andrew Dunn
Anda Banikos Andrew Fedorovitch
Andre Altmaier Andrew Grady
Andrea Callaghan Andrew Green
Andrea Cresswell Andrew Grosse
Andrea Davidow Andrew Heather
Andrea Davis Andrew Hookham
Andrea Diery Andrew Hopkins
Andrea Fikerle Andrew Hubbard
Andrea Hamilton Andrew Judd
Andrea Ivory Andrew Kellett
Andrea Jones Andrew Knight
Andrea Mackay Andrew Larner
Andrea Roche Andrew Linford
Andrea Senior Andrew McGregor
Andrea Townes Andrew Meldrum
Andrea Werner Andrew Moreno
Andrea Wildner Andrew Moss
Andrea Zinn Andrew Olsson
Andreas Dalman Andrew Patrick
Andreas Witt Andrew Poisat
Andrew Azzopardi Andrew Rigg
Andrew Baillie Andrew Rossiter
Andrew Bantick Andrew Smart
Andrew Beck Andrew Taylor Andrew Tilbury Angela Rossen
Andrew Troedel Angela Slattery
Andrey Tetlou Angela Smith
Andrina Gilli Angela Stewart
Andrina Piviali Angela Tillier
Andy Gray Angela Trethewey
Andy Gray Angela Wellman
Andy Greig Angela Worland
Andy Lees Angelica Aguilar
Andy Werner Angelica Hjalmarsson
Anette Bohm Angelika Daly
Anette Lahaye Angelika Knoerzer
Ange Parrish Angelo Falduzzi
Angel Herrador Angie Masefield
Angel Scales Angie Morris
Angel Stevens Angie Pearson
Angela Buxton Angie Sutton
Angela Cartledge Angie Wentrup
Angela Comer Anglican EcoCare and Social Responsibilities Commissions Angela Gugger Angus Clark Angela Guzys Angus Davidson Angela Hawes Angus Fraser Angela Holt Angus Macqueen Angela Johnston Angus Noble Angela Kirby Angus Taylor Angela Lyon Ania Mansson Angela Moore Ania Niedzwiadek Angela Nice Anika Puchalski Angela Nilsen Animae Chi Angela Paddon Anina Burns Angela Payne Anistatia Ratyna Angela Penrose Anita Coolidge Angela Ridolfo Anita Gibson Anna Finlayson
Anita Hayler Anna Fitzpatrick
Anita Hollenberg Anna Gregg
Anita Lorenz Anna Hamilton
Anita Nicholson Anna Harford
Anita Rauch Anna Harpley
Anita Sealey Anna Hay
Anita Vallee Anna Ho
Anita Weinberg Anna Isgro
Anita Wisch Anna James
Anja Wetering Anna Jasiukiewicz
Ann Aucoin Anna Lutero
Ann Breuer Anna Marsden
Ann Callen Anna Matson
Ann Ellis Anna McCarthy
Ann Fisk Anna McCormack
Ann Gear Anna Mutzenich
Ann Gugler Anna Myers
Ann Hunt Anna Petynka
Ann Ings Anna Powell
Ann Kelly Anna Shinnick
Ann Manship Anna Stone
Ann Marie McMahon Anna Taylor
Ann Shearer Anna Tesar
Ann Simpson Anna Uszko
Ann Templeton Anna Varney
Ann Terei Anna Verbunt
Ann Vivers Anna Williams
Ann Walsh Annabel Mazzotti
Anna Brewer Annabel McClure
Anna Clark Annabelle Adam
Anna Cunningham Annabelle Molan
Anna Figge Annabelle Otterburn Annalicia Elson Anne Morton
Annalisa Oxenburgh Anne O'Brien
Annamaria Arnall Anne Poelina
Anna-Rosa Baker Anne Ridout
Anne Annear Anne Ripper
Anne Ashwood Anne Roberts
Anne Atkinson Anne Rowlands
Anne Barr Anne Seiler
Anne Bayley Anne Smart
Anne Carruthers Anne Sorenson
Anne Clark Anne Stephens
Anne Comer Anne Stroner
Anne Coulson Anne Stroud
Anne Daw Anne Walmsley
Anne Dunlop Anne Wilson
Anne Errey Anneliesa Ward
Anne Forsythe Annemarie Boettcher
Anne Gaunt Anne-Marie Copeland
Anne Gayler Anne-Marie Horwitz
Anne Gittens Annemarie Smith
Anne Hamilton Anne-Marie Warren
Anne Isbister Annemieke de Vries
Anne Janes Annette Aksenov
Anne Jones Annette Almond
Anne Killalea Annette Andolfatto
Anne Kumar Annette Archard
Anne Louie Annette Atkinson
Anne Lynch Annette Barker
Anne Macpherson Annette Browne
Anne Marliac Annette Burrows
Anne McBeath Annette Copeland
Anne McKenzie Annette Driver
Anne McLean Annette Erdtsieck Annette Firth Anthony Barker
Annette Innes Anthony Beer
Annette Leeder Anthony Beutelschiess
Annette Morris Anthony Chadwick
Annette Pringle Anthony Collins
Annette Shields Anthony E Proctor
Annette Spear Anthony Extex
Annette Williams Anthony Foster
Anni Virtanen Anthony Holden
Annie Angel Anthony Ivory
Annie Bourgault Anthony Jacobs
Annie Crowder Anthony Miragliotta
Annie Edney Anthony Montapert
Annie Fishleigh Anthony Mulligan
Annie Jones Anthony O'Ferrall
Annie Ludwig Anthony Ogle
Annie McMahon Anthony Roberts
Annie Rees Anthony Shipp
Annie Thiering Anthony Tucker
Annie Wei Anthony Weber
Ann-Louise Walker Anthony Woolhouse
Annmaree Leman Antoinette Sherlock
Annmarie Kiernan Anton Maz
Ann-Marie Lumley Anton Olofsson
Anonymous Antonie du Toit
Anonymous Antonietta Salerno
Anonymous Antonio Mazzella
Anonymous Antony Lambert
Anonymous Antony Lucas
Anonymous Antony Mountjoy
Anouk Graf Anurago Reichelt
Anthea Demin Anushka von Oppen
Anthea McGarrigle Anwen Williams Anya La Zanya Ashley Keune
Anya Pearce Ashley Keune
Anya Rowlands Ashley Roi
Apryl Simonaitis Ashley Skyring
Araluen Hagan Ashley Wallis
Arana Kennedy Ashlinne Zoranich
Archie Isitt Ashly Matheson
Aretta Tobias Ashton Lyus
Ariadne Macleod Asitha Samarawickrama
Ariane Cullen Asten Demeza
Arid Lands Environment Centre Astrid Gerrits
Aris Mcphee Asya Vaughan
Armando Lanzini Athena Thompson
Arn Ryan Atholie Gallagher
Arnhem Hunter Attica Broderick
Arnold Greiner Aubrey Maher
Aroha Ellison Audrey Aspeling
Arren O'Hehir Audrey Butchart
Art Malone Audrey Collins
Asa Stallard Audrey Commault
Ásgeir Valur Sigurdsson Audrey Houghton
Ash Fluck Audrey Mulligan
Ash Hart Audrey Naismith
Ash Hunt Audrey Smith
Ash Law Aurelie Yeo
Asha Richardson Auriah Lane
Ashlee Miller Austin Banks
Ashleigh Archer Australian Government Chief Scientist
Ashleigh Burcombe Australian Petroleum Production & Exploration Association Limited (APPEA) Ashleigh Campbell AWE Limited Ashleigh Erbe Awhina Rose Ashleigh Rowlands Axel Kiefer Ashleigh Wilson Aydan Euan Shepherd Barbara Serventy
Ayesha Moss Barbara Thayne
Aylish Dowsett Barbara THompson
Aynsley Barr Barbara Waddington
B Farrelly Barbara Williams
B Lee Barbra Curtis
B Mc Barry Allen
B McCormack Barry and Anne Gething
B Shel Barry Callen
Bailey Brown Barry Dickson
Baldo Lucaroni Barry Gardner
Barb Dobson Barry Lance
Barb Lionnet Barry Odwyer
Barbara Abery Barry Page
Barbara Adamas Barry Pringle
Barbara Anderson Barry Tiffany Lance
Barbara Bills Bart Hayes
Barbara Brans Bart Lebbing
Barbara Brewerton Bart Read
Barbara Brooks Bartholomew O'Donovan
Barbara Bryan Bastiaan van Dalen
Barbara Butler Battesti Marie-Thérèse
Barbara Ciszewska Baylee Webb
Barbara Combes Bea Duroc
Barbara Horton Bea Waruszynski
Barbara J Fraser Beach Energy
Barbara Leonard Beatrice Mutard
Barbara Lester Beatrix Janek-Oefelein
Barbara Miller Beatrix Niblett
Barbara Moloney Beatriz Fanton
Barbara Pelczynska Beattie Kostera
Barbara Porteus Beau Lester
Barbara Potts Beau Rawlings Bec Atkinson Bella Bamford
Bec C Ben Blomfield
Bec Suardana Ben Corner
Becky Monger Ben Ford-Davies
Bee Norton Ben Grenfell
Beknazarova Ben Jackson
Bel Downie Ben Keenan
Belinda Brewster Ben Ketelaar
Belinda Clapham Ben Lalor
Belinda Clarke Ben Lalor
Belinda Davis Ben Macintosh
Belinda Gallagher Ben Maurice
Belinda Gibbon Ben Pinkerton
Belinda Hawkins Ben Ramcharan
Belinda Herring Ben Richardson
Belinda Hine Ben Rose
Belinda Hopkins Ben Salkeld
Belinda James Ben Saw
Belinda Mckeown Ben Stafford
Belinda Ngoroyemoto Ben Stroner
Belinda Overton Ben Thompson
Belinda Park Ben Turner
Belinda Pearson Ben Wilcox
Belinda Pezzutti Ben Window
Belinda Poole Ben Wood
Belinda Robinson Ben Worthington
Belinda Stevens Benjamin Greatwich
Belinda Vern-Barnett Benjamin Harris
Belinda Warfield Benjamin Hillion
Belinda Weber Benjamin Laurel
Belinda Werndly Benjamin Main
Belinda Whateley Benjamin O'Connor
Belinda Wright Benjamin Piesse Berenice Franklin Bev Woodburn
Bernadette Dell Bevan Vaux
Bernadette Duffy Beverley Alderton
Bernadette Godwin Beverley Barker
Bernadette Keenan Beverley Barry
Bernadette Masterson Beverley De Salis
Bernadette McQuade Beverley Dick
Bernadette McQuade Beverley Glissenaar
Bernadette Owen Beverley Grant
Bernadette Reeders Beverley Hawke
Bernadette Tapscott Beverley McIntyre
Bernadette Trench-Thiedeman Beverley Port-Louis
Bernadette Williams Bevin Boyd
Bernadine du Preez Bhaval Chandaria
Bernadine Jeffrey Bianca Dansie
Bernard Wong Bianca De Graaf
Bernie Masters Bianca Eriyagama
Bernie Mills Bianca Hart
Bertram Duerr Bianca Kallenberg
Beryl Francis Bianca MacLachlan
Beryl Kenney Bianca Turnage
Beth Ladwig Bijou Whitbread
Beth Morris Bill Browne
Beth Smith Bill Crossland
Bethan Hardy Bill Gaynor
Bethany Gould Bill Hawthorn
Bethwyn Carlessi Bill Huntington
Betty Tullett Bill Manlow
Bev Angov Bill Meyers
Bev Clarke Bill Mullany
Bev Curtis-Flynn Billy Tobin
Bev Dick Bilyana Miletic
Bev Paterson Birte Troup Bj Barker Brad Smith
Bjorn Tingberg Bradley Bell
Blair O’ Sullivan Bradley Cahill
Blake Charlton Bradley Charlton
Blake Dobbie Bradley Duncan
Blake Dockery Bradley Morgan
Blake Lawson Bradley Quinn
Blake Robertson Bradley Rendon
Bluey Fishwick Bradley Ross P
Bob Calvert Bran Duke
Bob Clark Branan Dubh
Bob Edwards Brandon Friend
Bob Hollon Brandon Richman
Bob Huston Brandon Vermeulen
Bob Mchugh Breanna Watts
Bob Purvis Bree Zikmundovsky
Bob Rendall Breeze Zammit
Bob Smallcombe Brei Montgomery
Bob Woodley Brenda Allcock
Bodee Caruana Brenda Benn
Bonita Ely Brenda Douglas
Bonnie Barlow Brenda Fieldhouse
Bonnie Berlinghof Brenda Irving
Bonnie Cresswell Brenda McGibbon
Bonnie Jupp Brenda Melvaine
Bonnie Maher Brenda Mickle
Bonnie Strathie Brenda Neill
Boyd Beven Brenda Rule
Brad Aldred Brenda Smith
Brad Clinch Brenda Strahan
Brad Davis Brenda Wilkinson
Brad Revill BrendaLee Lennick
Brad Satchell Brendan and Bec Olszowy Brendan Gulson Brian McCarthy
Brendan Lucas Brian Millar
Brendan Worth Brian Morris
Brenden P Brian Neilsen
Brendon Baran Brian Nolan
Brendon Cahill Brian Ofarrell
Brendon Mikronis Brian Philp
Brendon Moore Brian Prideaux
Brennan Peers Brian Regan
Brent Makdoogil Brian Robinson
Brent Shaw Brian Schaefer
Brett Forrest Brian Schill
Brett Huggard Brian Scull
Brett Mitchell Brian Sherman
Brett Montgomery Brian Sparkes
Brett Nutting Brian Spittles
Brett O'Donnell Brian Springett
Brett Richardson Brian Stevenson
Bria Ryder Brian Teakle
Brian Barber Brian Tierney
Brian Beardwood Brian Wickins
Brian Blackwell Brian Wilson
Brian Cairns Briana Dell
Brian Colcutt Bridget Ingram
Brian Coleman Bridget Leggett
Brian Finlayson Bridget Mayne
Brian Fleming Bridget Palmer
Brian Gaull Bridget Seaton
Brian Gibson Bridgette Dann
Brian Halberg Bridgette Mullinax
Brian Hale Bridgette Needs
Brian Ingham Bridie Minuz
Brian Kays Bridie Reed Brie Moore Bronwyn Griffith
Brigid Gregg Bronwyn Henderson
Brigitte Ball Bronwyn Hill
Brigitte Garcia Bronwyn Hope
Brigitte Ringe Bronwyn Hughes
Brinsley Lane Bronwyn Neville
Briony Helps Bronwyn Scallan
Briony Paul Bronwyn Smith
Brit Sooby Bronwyn Thomas
Britt Mikkelsen Bronwyn Tillman
Brittany Davidson Bronwyn Vost
Brittany Maree Bronwyn White
Brittany McKay Bronwyn Whitmore
Brittany Williams Brooke Bennett
Brock Lyons Brooke Co
Brock Stewart Brooke Graham
Broderick Stafford Brooke Maslen
Brodie Cotter Brooke Michael
Bron Sindel Brooke Quinn
Bronson Smith Brooke Taylor
Bronte Di Fulvio Brooke Wilson
Bronte Leighton-Dore Broome Chamber of Commerce & Industry
Bronte S Broome Residents (Proforma)
Bronwen Bucktin Bruce Alden
Bronwen Carr Bruce Armstrong
Bronwen Crofts Bruce Brink
Bronwen Evans Bruce Buggins
Bronwyn Bader Bruce Cook
Bronwyn Bell Bruce Echberg
Bronwyn Edney Bruce Gibbs
Bronwyn Evans Bruce Gunn
Bronwyn Goss Bruce Hartley
Bronwyn Grieves Bruce Herington Bruce Mckechnie Cain Falconer
Bruce McQueen Caitlan Davis
Bruce Meldrum Caitlin Arcus
Bruce Nulty Caitlin Audet
Bruce Robertson Caitlin Blunden
Bruce Rudeforth jnr Caitlin Bortot
Bruce Thomson Caitlin Bradley
Bruce Witheford Caitlin Edwards
Bruno Dann Caitlin Gregory
Bruno Tassone Caitlin McKnight
Bryan Lee Caitlin Morrell
Bryan Sheppard Caitlin Oneill
Bryan Shore Caitlin Rollings
Bryan Whan Caitlyn Duly
Bryce Hedditch Cal Cole
Bryce Hobbs Cale Hosking
Bryce McLaren Caleb Lee
Bryn Davies Callam Edwards
Bryn Quick Calli Clinton
Brynnie Goodwill Callie Manwaring
Bryony Fremlin Callum Allsop
Bryony Waldron Callum Young
Bryson Smith Cally Emmins
Burnette Mitchell Cam Macfarlane
Buru Energy Cameron Barker
Busselton Water Cameron Battye
Byron Kemp Cameron Clayton
Byron Lerner Cameron Marlowe
Byron Sutcliffe Cameron Power
C Chandler Cameron Robins
C James Cameron Smorenburg
C Mer Cameron Walton
C Woolf Camilla Crockart Camille Dunstan Carmelo Sgro
Camille Velnaar Carmen Chessell
Candice Agostinelli Carmen Parente
Candice Gillam Carmen Reid
Candice Hodge Caro Nye
Candice Malcolm Carol Baggerman
Candice Maloney Carol Bell
Cape Conservation Group Carol Bergin
Cara McGary Carol Brock
Cara Schmidt Carol Brooks
Caren Blair Carol Charters
Carene Taylor Carol Collins
Carina Adrean Carol Cox
Carina Fieseler Carol Dodson
Carine Visschers Carol Drennan
Caris Hilder Carol G Reed
Caris Joyce Hilder Carol Godwin
Carissa Farrelley Carol Hall
Carl Cook Carol Harlow
Carl Paola Carol Hudson
Carl Wilde Carol Iles
Carl Wilson Carol Kerstholt
Carla Harp Carol Khan Nicholls
Carla van Raay Carol Marie Robertson
Carline Jackson Carol Morey
Carlos Rios Carol Morris
Carly Stone Carol Newton
Carly Watt Carol Sale
Carly Wills Carol Scantlebury
Carmel Appleby Carol Shingler
Carmel Leahy Carol Sinclair
Carmel Louise Carol Slater
Carmelo Miragliotta Carol Smith Carol Sykes Carolyn Capelli
Carol Thompson Carolyn Cooper
Carol Wakely Carolyn Elliott
Carol Walker Carolyn Francis
Carol Winters Carolyn Hammond
Carol-Anne White Carolyn Harris
Carole Arbuckle Carolyn Hirst
Carole Cusack Carolyn Hockley
Carole Dhu Carolyn Jeffery
Carole McLean Carolyn Knight
Carole Moore Carolyn Lane
Carole Richardson Carolyn Lynn
Carole Tilling-Rekort Carolyn Massey
Carole-Anne Fooks Carolyn Orme
Carolena Grayson Carolyn Perkins
Carolina Reeves Carolyn Ralph
Caroline Bray Carolyn Ricketts
Caroline Clarke Carolyn Rose
Caroline de Lore Carolyn Scott
Caroline Diss Carolyn Tan
Caroline Goodden Carolyn Vinton
Caroline Harry Carolynne Rumble
Caroline Horobin Caron Mason
Caroline Hughes Carren Spierings
Caroline Jane Carrie Annear
Caroline Kirk Carrie Ellery
Caroline Lurie Carrie West
Caroline Mulligan Caryll Schofield
Caroline Spencer Casey Abra
Caroline Stirling Casey Acworth
Caroline Varin Casey Robinson
Caroline Williams Cass Kohn
Carolyn Boyla Cass Tran Cassandra Black Catherine Messer
Cassandra Garner Catherine Nicholson
Cassandra Moreno Malaver Catherine O'Connor
Cassidy Gillmore Catherine Pfammatter
Cassie McCann Catherine Philps
Castaing Maryse Catherine Poland
Cat Col Catherine Potter
Cat O’Connell Catherine Russell
Catalina Staltari Catherine Ryan
Cate Berriman Catherine S
Cate Lines Catherine Selden
Cate Shepherd Catherine Verney
Caterina Ponzio Catherine Wearne
Cath Blakey Catherine Webb
Cath Borthwcik Catherine Webb
Cath Bradtke Catherine Williams
Cath Holloway Catherine Williamson
Cath Lumsden Catherine Woodhouse
Cath Price Catherine Wyllie
Catharine Lampson Cathie Lee
Catherine Bates Cathrine Jonsson
Catherine Beck Cathryn Jupp
Catherine Burns Cathryn Westerman
Catherine Cardiff Cathy Ballardin
Catherine Cousins Cathy Cummins
Catherine Eastman Cathy Douglas
Catherine Fragomeni Cathy Harman
Catherine Franconi Cathy Reid
Catherine Fraser Cathy Santana
Catherine Hearse Catrina Huie
Catherine Martella Catrina Scatena
Catherine Marton Cavan Herron
Catherine McPhee Caz Burden CE Winton Charleen Murphy
Cec Rapp Charlene Cooper
Cecelia Samp Charlene Foong
Cecil Forbes Charlene Rush
Cecil Glyn Marillier Charles Herring
Cecilia Eriksson Charles Macdonald
Cecilia Hedlund Charli Wright
Cecilian Deby Charlie Bott
Cecily Colloby Charlie Guilloteau
Cedric Bakewell Charlie Kerridge
Cedric Pierson Charlie Kibble
Ceinwen Schneider Charlie Marsh
Celeste Porter Charlotte Clark
Celeste Tydens Charlotte Curan
Celia Fourgeaud Charlotte Inwood
Celine Kassab Charlotte Kenyon
Celine Murphy Charlotte Maisey
Ceri Kitely Charlotte Mccabe
Chad Mackenzie Charlotte Murphy
Chamber of Minerals and Energy Charlotte Owers
Chanel Choice Charlotte Pooley
Chantal Buslot Charmaine Andrew Ebony Jones
Chantal Drummond Charmaine Jeffery
Chantal Kelly Charmaine Shannon
Chantal Morchio Charmaine Taylor
Chantal Storer Charmen Rose
Chante Harfield Chelsea Collings
Chantel Edwards Chelsea Weir
Chantel Laughlin Chelsie Dolfin
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Harriet Riley Heather Cross
Harris Lyn Heather Dyer
Harrison Robinson Heather Heggie
Harrison Whitely Heather Hendrickson
Harry Carter Heather McManus
Harry Cowper-Smith Heather Morton
Harry Knapp Heather Neil
Harry Van Rossum Heather Oakley
Harry Walker Heather Pitman
Harry Wellington Heather Purvis
Hashina Tarafdar Heather Read
Hassan Fatahi Heather Richardson
Hayat Berkaoui Heather Sharman
Haydée Felsovanyi Heather Smith
Hayden Garwood Heather Smith
Hayden Robinson Heather Stewart
Hayden Swioklo Heather Warner
Haylee Ramsay Heather Worth
Hayley Burton Heidemarie Kaltenbrunn
Hayley Clark Heidi Connolly
Hayley Elford Heidi Rix
Hayley Holford Heidi Teasdale
Hayley Johnson Heidi Williams
Hayley Rundell Heidy Tiebosch
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Hayley Thompson Heinz Buscher
Haylie Darcy Heinz Dahl
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Hayward Heinz Huxholl
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Hel Reynolds Helen O'Sullivan
Helen Ampt Helen Pendlebury
Helen Bender Helen Rochford
Helen Benton Helen Rose
Helen Bodycoat Helen Smith
Helen Brouwer Helen Spencer
Helen Brown Helen Staniskov
Helen Bryant Helen Stephens
Helen Butcher Helen Stockton
Helen Cattani Helen Sturmey
Helen Child Helen Taplin
Helen Cooper Helen Taylor
Helen Coy Helen Tongway
Helen Curran Helen Uren-Randall
Helen Debenham Helen Williams
Helen Dobbie Helen Wink
Helen Driver Helen Wood
Helen Fawell Helen Woodford
Helen Fischer Helen Zoudlik
Helen Fitzpatrick Helena Berg
Helen Grenfell Helena Bond
Helen Hall Helena Glover
Helen Huxley Helena Haranas
Helen Kalogiannides Helena Maughan
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Helen Lloyd Helga Burry
Helen Luthwood Helian Cristobal
Helen MacLeod Helke Fahrner
Helen McArthur Hems Thakrar
Helen Milosz Hendricka Samytowski
Helen Moriarty Hendrik Dierich
Helen Ness Hendrik Dik Henri Auguste Hong Vu
Henri Gizowski Hope Williams
Henrietta Fraser Hordern
Henrique Kwong Howard King
Henry Altman Howard Lazar
Henry Dove Howard Wheatley
Hester Goedhart Hugh Buttsworth
Higgs Hugh Wallace Smith
Hilary Bradford Hugo Faulkner
Hilary Cook Humphrey Boogaerdt
Hilary Kenneally Iain Dean
Hilary Nichols Iain Mcallister
Hilary Van Eldik Iain Pritchard
Hilda Williams Ian Brown
Hildi Gonser Ian Burns
Hillary Whyte Ian Casey
Hiram Mattar Ian Chapple
Hollie Baker Ian Cohen
Hollie Hollon Ian Cox
Holly Bell Ian Daly
Holly Bridges Ian Dunlop
Holly Clark Ian Dunn
Holly Emerson Ian Eldridge
Holly Gale Ian Fox
Holly Gordon Ian Hackett
Holly Martin Ian Hanlon
Holly Rhodes Ian Johnston
Holly Stoddart Ian K Morris
Holy Gale Ian Livingstone
Hon Diane Evers MLC Ian MacDonald
Hon Ken Bastow MLC Ian Minty
Hon Robin Chapple MLC Ian Mitchell
Honey Smith Ian Morris Ian Nowak Ingrid Hillmer
Ian Overheu Ingrid Kotka
Ian Pike Ingrid Loewy
Ian Porter Ingrid Srubjan
Ian Rae Inta Rudajs
Ian Reid International Association of Hydrogeologists (WA)
Ian Robinson Iolanda Francis
Ian Scott Irena Boydell
Ian Tanner Irena Puzas
Ian Tomlin Irena Rymar
Ian Walpole Irene Bellini
Ian Webster Irene Callahan
Ian West Irene Pecheniuk
Ida Halliday Irene Wheatley
Ieva Bergman Irene Wickham
Ieva Tomsons Irene Winter
Ignacio Navarro Irene Yuill
Igor Emersic Irina Bradley
Ike Marr Iris Bax
Ilia Starkovsky Iris Bergmann
Ilma Hynson Iris Domeier
Ilona Whiley Irma Lachmund
India Dilkes-Hall Isa Bellec
Ineke de Graaf Isaac Shapiro
Inelda Lovi Isaac Thompson
Ines Zic Isaac Whitty
Inez Northover Isabel Cervera
Ing. Erwin Felkel Isabel Kruger
Ingrid Anderson Isabel Taylor
Ingrid Cattley Isabella Hanby
Ingrid Crosser Isabelle Foster
Ingrid de Neve Isabelle Oude-Egberink
Ingrid Hilario Ish Kane Ish Kane Jack Calneggia
Ishbel Wilson Jack Constantine
Isobel Macaulay Jack Digby
Isobel Moon Jack Eastwood
Isobel Palmer Jack Goodacre
Ivan Alvarez Jack Hindle
Ivan Donjerkovich Jack Howe
Ivan Quail Jack James
Ivy Litis Jack Mckinnon
Ivy Murphy Jack Purvis
Iwan Ilya Meyer Jack Quigley
Izzy Bartlett Jack Rowell
J Aitchison Jack Savat
J DS Jack Stansfield
J F Hindge Jack Steel
J Forrest Jack Welshman
J Gehring Jacki Brown
J H Jacki Le Page
J Harshaw Jackie Bouwer
J Poole Jackie Curtis
J Quartermaine Jackie Fahey
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J Thomson Jackie Hattingh
Jaben Golledge Jackie Johnstone
Jac Olsen Jackie Jones
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Jacinta Lamb Jackie Siebel
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Jacinthe Laperriere Jackson Hamilton
Jack Amala Jackson Smythe Jacky Bradbury Jacqui Rogalski
Jacky Brody Jacqui Sheales
Jaclyn Mcleod-Flis Jacqui Toyne
Jacob Diamond Jacqyeline Lavell-Haigh
Jacob Saunders Jade Bonnett
Jacob Stockley Jade Connachan
Jacob Tyndall Jade Kemety
Jacob Yastrow Jade Lockett
Jacoby Hall Jade Mas
Jacqueline Barnsley Jade Morris
Jacqueline Bosman Jade Pyle
Jacqueline Chauwin Jahli Caruana-Butler
Jacqueline Ferrie Jai White
Jacqueline Gardner Jaide Cameron
Jacqueline Jeffreys Jaide Hall
Jacqueline jones Jaime Brownsden
Jacqueline Jones Jaime Fazackerley
Jacqueline Lang Jaime Jackett
Jacqueline Pashill Jaimee Robert
Jacqueline Stock Jaimie Chalk
Jacqueline Winton Jake Corkery
Jacqueline Wormald Jake Drage
Jacqui Boydell Jake Gardiner
Jacqui Bullivant Jake Huckstep
Jacqui Dunn Jake Molloy
Jacqui Fawcett Jake Peetoom
Jacqui Goodma Jake Peetoom
Jacqui Hartley Jakin Whoooley
Jacqui Haskayne Jalen Weerakody
Jacqui Hives Jalina Khan
Jacqui Jenkyn Jam Winder
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Jacqui Overington James Boyle James Brown Jamie Carter
James Buchanan Jamie Comley
James Clarey Jamie Cowdrey
James Cohen Jamie Cox
James Condon Jamie Flett
James Cutfield Jamie Hinton
James Finnegan Jamie Moir
James Forman Jamie Phillips
James Gillet Jamie Rothman
James Grubb Jamie Rylance
James Hawkes Jamie Williams
James Ingram Jan Aish
James Kenny Jan Barrie
James Kirkman Jan Boddy
James Knight Jan Brady
James Leong Jan Burow
James McCann Jan Butchet
James Morando Jan Clarke-Potter
James Morrison Jan Cleason
James Mulcare Jan De Groot
James Ng Jan Fleming
James Raffan Jan Hindmarsh
James Rozsa Jan King
James Stokes Jan Lawless
James Treloar Jan Lewis
James Treuer Jan Mitchell
James Walsh Jan O'Leary
James Warburton Jan Ostby
James White Jan Pardy
James Wilkins Jan Rainbow
Jamie Anderson Jan Rodda
Jamie Barker Jan Southcott
Jamie Blacklaw Jan Winzenburg Jana Kucerova Jane Paterson
Jane Aberdeen Jane Robinson
Jane Bowles Jane Routley
Jane Brinsden Jane Ryan
Jane Brotherson Jane Taylor
Jane Brownrigg Jane Thomson
Jane Burns Jane Townsend
Jane Byrne Jane Truscott
Jane Cajdler Jane Williams
Jane Clevenger Jane Wilson
Jane Connor Janece Alexander
Jane Darling Janelle Beveridge
Jane Delany Janelle Miller
Jane Dennis Janelle Rafferty
Jane Emery Janelle Sewell
Jane Flanders Janelle Sommerville
Jane Graham Janet Backshall
Jane Graham Janet Carter
Jane Hammond Janet Chati
Jane Inglis Janet Fairlie-Cuninghame
Jane Ingram Janet Forman
Jane Judd Janet Gibb
Jane Keble Johnston Janet Grogan
Jane Kerr Janet Gunn
Jane Lindner Janet Harley
Jane Lyons Janet Heinle
Jane Maw Janet King
Jane Mcbride Janet Lee
Jane Morgan Janet Maggs
Jane O'Grad Janet Maloney
Jane Orchard Janet Metcalf
Jane Osullivan Janet Redbond
Jane Page Janet Saleeba Janet Thompson Janine Wendeling
Janet Wyatt Janis Millu
Janette Bryant Janita Hill
Janette Duffy Janka Malek
Janette Fletcher Jannisse Phillis
Janette Huston Janyne Rees
Janette Lawson Jaqui Holmes
Janey Glauser Jardine Macdonald
Janga Ga Jared Jannides
Janice Bagnall Jared Jarmen
Janice Banks Jarna Kendle
Janice Boening Jarrad Mahon
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Janice Jensen Jarred Harvey
Janice Lester Jarred Pedro
Janice Nicholas Jarrod Pegler
Janice Paton Jas Hawkins
Janice Poulson Jasmin Bailey
Janice Summers Jasmine Carter
Janie Wetzler Jasmine Cheshire
Janiece Markby Jasmine Gasper
Janina Balzer Jasmine Hoar
Janine Carter Jasmine Horobin
Janine Jones Jasmine Lippl
Janine Liddelow Jasmine Streher
Janine Ord Jasmine Wigley
Janine Oxenham Jasmyn Ellis
Janine Perry Jason Antonovich
Janine Pierre Jason Barron
Janine Simpson Jason Brown
Janine Taylor Jason Carmichael
Janine Underwood Jason Crespi
Janine Vinton Jason Gardner Jason Ginn Jeanette Humphries
Jason Harbach Jeanette Partridge
Jason Humble Jeanette Watson
Jason Needham Jeanne Held-Warmkessel
Jason Phillips Jeanne Rogers
Jason Thew Jeannette Bazeley
Jason Tod Jeannette de Haas
Jason Upchurch Jeannette Forsey
Jasper van den Hurk Jeannette Jordan
Jay Marsh Jeannette Munoz
Jay Poole Jeannette Paapaa
Jay Starrs Jeannie Ingles
Jayde Turner Jeannie Reichow
Jayden Webb Jean-Pierre Velay
Jaydn Nie Jeff Feltham
Jaye Christie Jeff Johnston
Jaymie Deboucherville Jeff McLeod
Jayson Burhop Jeff Nugent
Jaz Mcleod Jeff Sadler
Jb Copin Jeff Stockbridge
Jean du Ross Jeff Turnbull
Jean Fuss Jeff Turner
Jean Hawkins Jeff Wright
Jean Hicks Jeffrey Adams
Jean Le Quesne Jeffrey Bains
Jean Louis Calvayra Jeffrey Barlow
Jean Prosser Jeffrey Breeze
Jean Ralston Jeffrey Passlow
Jean Stretch Jemima Whitford
Jean Tulloch Jemma Kirk
Jeanette Armstrong Jemma Robinson
Jeanette Bray Jemma Seery
Jeanette French Jen Andrews Jen Balson Jenni Henstock
Jen Froome Jenni Marn
Jen Gavin Jenni Oates
Jen Hasleby Jenni York
Jen Hoare Jennie T
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Jen Michell Jennifer Barter
Jen Robinson Jennifer Burger
Jen Ruyter Jennifer Caley
Jen Solly Jennifer Clark
Jen Stanton Jennifer Conte
Jen Young Jennifer Corrigan
Jenella Walker Jennifer Curnow
Jenelle Browning Jennifer Davies
Jenelle Moore Jennifer Durrant
Jeni Alford Jennifer Eddy
Jeni Baird Jennifer Gill
Jeni Nathanielsz Jennifer Gillam
Jeni Rose Jennifer Heynes
Jeniene Glass Jennifer Hoare
Jenine Lloyd Jennifer Hole
Jenita Enevoldsen Jennifer Holston
Jenn King Jennifer Hudson
Jenna Antoniolli Jennifer Hundley
Jenna De Vries Jennifer Jau
Jenna Eakin Jennifer Jespersen
Jenna Gordon Jennifer King
Jenna Ridley Jennifer Lenard
Jenna Roberts Jennifer Loverock
Jenna Templer Jennifer Mackliln
Jennene Rigg Jennifer Matutinovich
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Jenni Grace Jennifer Mines Jennifer Nicholls Jenny Toland
Jennifer Noble Jenny Varian
Jennifer Owens Jens Nilsson
Jennifer Prince Jeorge Chambers
Jennifer Rae Jepke Goudsmit
Jennifer Ratcliffe Jeremy Ansell
Jennifer Rich Jeremy Azzopardi
Jennifer Rossen Jeremy Gordon
Jennifer Scott Jeremy Ham
Jennifer Snell Jeremy McMullan
Jennifer Toland Jeremy Mitchell
Jennifer Walker Jeremy Raudys
Jennifer Williams Jeremy Roberts
Jennine Tabb Jeremy Sheldrick
Jenny Bloom Jerry Koliha
Jenny Devereux Jerry O'Sullivan
Jenny Dewurst Jerryl Griffin
Jenny Edmonstone Jesper Hansen
Jenny Gaunt Jess Boulter
Jenny Haugland Jess Cook
Jenny Mac Jess Ewing
Jenny Moyles Jess Kain
Jenny Neale Jess Predovnik
Jenny Nethersole Jess Scarlett
Jenny Oborn Jess Strong
Jenny Patterson Jess Whyte
Jenny Piesse Jess Zimmer
Jenny Rich Jesse Brandenburg
Jenny Robinson Jesse Brown
Jenny Rooke Jesse Cook
Jenny S Jesse Gliddon
Jenny Smith Jesse Stack
Jenny Smith Jesse Trindall Jesse Warin Jessie Crettenden
Jessee Swaney Jessie Healey
Jessi Mervyn-Jones Jessie Rabl
Jessica Austin Jessie Radcliffe
Jessica Blechynden Jessie Scott
Jessica Booth Jessika Fishburn
Jessica Brown Jet Asha
Jessica Buchanan Jie Sun
Jessica Cook Jill Agnew
Jessica Dadd Jill Amery
Jessica Drewry Jill Brown
Jessica Edwards Jill Buffamonti
Jessica Green Jill Chapple
Jessica Greenland Jill Downard
Jessica Hegarty Jill Galvin
Jessica Howell Jill Mayo
Jessica Ingram Jill Millburn
Jessica Kirkett Jill Nielsen
Jessica Larizza Jill Ryan
Jessica Lewis Jill Selles
Jessica Madden Jill Winfield
Jessica Mayhew Jillian Charles
Jessica McCredie Jillian Gamble
Jessica McKenzie Jillian Luckhurst
Jessica Miller Jillian Regan
Jessica Raizenberg Jilly Fee
Jessica S Jim Alston
Jessica Scott Jim Anderwood
Jessica Stenhouse Jim Bailey
Jessica Topping Jim Ballard
Jessica Vorreiter Jim Chadd
Jessica Woodward Jim Clarke
Jessie Creighton Jim Farrell Jim Heaton Jo Williams
Jim Tiao Joachim Karsch
Jim Underwood Joan Adams
Jimmy Cassidy Joan Bevin
Jimmy Davis Joan Chinnery
Jimmy McDonald Joan Eddy
Jinnaye Beazley Joan Gray
Jiri Stastny Joan Hansen
Jit Tan Joan Haynes
Jiva Vassilevska Joan Heenan
JJ Frankel Joan Jenkins
Jo Bower Joan Jordan
Jo Castro Joan Loney
Jo Clossick Joan Payne
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Jo Embry Joann Hess
Jo Gaskell Joann Koch
Jo Head Joanna Hall
Jo Hearnden Joanna Josephs
Jo Hobson Joanna Lark Gooding
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Jo Kotchie Joanna Tynan
Jo Redd Joanne Andonakis
Jo Richardson Joanne Ballantyne
Jo Rogers Joanne Beeson
Jo Smartt Joanne Brownlee
Jo Smith Joanne Caire
Jo Somers Joanne Dilly
Jo Southern Joanne Duncan
Jo Stewart Jo-Anne Dwyer-Rogers
Jo Verduci Joanne Fitzgerald
Jo Wagner Joanne Fuller
Jo Walker Joanne Head Joanne Hoyes Jodie Gardener
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Joanne Lawrence Jodie Haby
Joanne Macmillan Jodie Miller
Joanne Martin Jodie Modric
Joanne Mcdiarmid Jodie Moffat
Joanne Napper Jodie Pepper
Joanne Picknoll Jodie Rodgers
Joanne Rankin Jodie Sexton
Joanne Richardson Jodie Taylor
Jo-Anne Romaior Jodie Wrightson
Joanne Schloss Jodie Zupancic
Joanne Taylor Jodine McBride
Joanne Wicks Joe Boin
Jocelyn Gray Joe Chindarsi
Jocelyn Kavanagh Joe Collins
Jocelyn Koopmann Joe Harding
Jocelyn Lawry Joe Heffernan
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Jock Dunkley Joe Losurdo
Jodi Aikens Joe Murphy
Jodi Eastough Joel Cram
Jodi Ewings Joel Nankivell
Jodi Kelly Joel Sanderson
Jodi Landowski Joel Shields
Jodi Maina Joel Skippings
Jodi Morgan Joel Steinki
Jodi Sculley Joel Torrens
Jodi Walsh Joel Trupin
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Jodie Broome Joel Whennen
Jodie Butterfield Joelene Lavrick
Jodie Cochrane Joh Mackan Johann Gübler John Greer
Johann P Egli John Gunson
Johanna Leonhardt John Harwood
Johanna Mcmahon John Hill
Johanna Zimmerhackel John Hitchins
Johannes Brits John Hughes
John Ahearne John Ilett
John and Heather Chester John Irvin
John Arena John Kallen
John Attard John Kemp
John Auld John Kirchner
John Bartholomew John Kirkman
John Beaumont John Kitching
John Begg John Lattanzio
John Bell John Legg
John Bestevaar John Lockwood
John Biggs John Marchesi
John Bilardi John Marro
John Bradley John Martin
John Brewer John McGoldrick
John Brusen John Mckay
John C Massam John McMullan
John Carnell John Mdeddy
John Carter John Moore
John Daymond John Mott
John Deutschbein John Neve
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John Dunn John Nimmo
John Eastwell John Nyhan
John Eugene John Pannell
John Forbes John Pasqua
John Godenzie John Pavy
John Graham John Peter Hannon John Petteford Jonah Alby
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John Quealy Jonathan Eden
John Ramsbottom Jonathan Gregor
John Robinson Jonathan Heath
John Russell Jonathan Lamb
John Rutherford Jonathan Mitchell
John Santry Jonathan Pratt
John Schilling Jonathan Price
John Schreuders Jonathan Reeve
John Smart Jonathan Temple
John Soulas Jonathon Heymanson
John Stoltenberg Jonathon Sweeney
John Swift Jopie Peetoom
John Trapp Jordaan Drabsch
John Trythall Jordan Clair
John Ventre Jordan Cooper
John Wallis Jordan Kidd
John Wills Jordan McRobbie
John Wiltshire-Butler Jordan Stewart
John Wood Jordan Van den berg
John Woods Jordan Van Soest
John Woolhouse Jordanoff
John Zoranich Jordy Hewitt
Joke Vaneechoutte Jordy Maas
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Jon Currie Jorja Webb
Jon Evans Jos Franciscus
Jon Martell Jose Nemorin
Jon Robin Joseph Figliiolo
Jon Rose Joseph Marr
Jon Singleton Joseph Norton
Jon Trapnell Joseph Vincent Josephine Archibald Josselin Judith
Josephine Cummins Josy Kovarik
Josephine Erlich Jovan Radanovich
Josephine Humphrys Joy Danielson
Josephine Lebbing Joy Hunter
Josephine Murray Joy Kelly
Josh Capponi Joy Mack-Heaven
Josh Caswell Joy Moor
Josh Cole Joy Nethersole
Josh De Thierry Joy Smith
Josh Edwards Joy Williams
Josh Gowers Joyce de Haas
Josh Hopkins Joyce Dixon
Josh Huggett Joyce Erceg
Josh Newton Joyce Parkes
Josh Penstone Joyce Yuen
Josh Reinke Juanita Farley
Josh Salas Juanita Sheehan
Joshua Berryman Jude Cullity
Joshua Delaney Jude Garlick
Joshua Dillon Jude Sutherland
Joshua Drew Jude Svensen
Joshua Fadaely-Sidhu Jude Watkins
Joshua Huggett Judelle Burrows
Joshua Ledger Judi Hurle
Joshua McPhee Judi Summers
Joshua Roberts Judith Atkinson
Joshua Swiers Judith Baldwin
Josiah Williams Judith Bourne
Josie Hill Judith Bruechert
Josie Shepherd Judith Collett
Josie Thomas Judith Cullity
Josie Williams Judith Deane Judith Deucker Judy Love
Judith Durnin Judy McNulty
Judith Gatland Judy McShane
Judith Hennessy Judy Medway
Judith Herring Judy Moosmueller
Judith Kapferer Judy Mulligan
Judith Kellow Judy O'Donnell
Judith Kenny Judy Petrie
Judith Leslie Judy Rahn
Judith Lister Judy Rees
Judith M Brown Judy Schneider
Judith Maddams Judy Sheedy
Judith Odgaard Judy Smith
Judith Oppenheim Judy Smith
Judith Owen Judy Visser
Judith Rawlins Judy Wesolowski
Judith Reeves Judyanne Kent
Judith Richardson Jula Mallaby
Judith Roach Julanne Sweeney
Judith Robison Jules Banner
Judith Sheehan Jules Francois
Judith Watson Jules Marsh
Judy Blyth Jules Shakira
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Judy Butler Julia Borowski
Judy Childers Julia Butler
Judy Clarke Julia Deasley
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Judy Elliott Julia Kerr
Judy Evans Julia Mantella
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Judy Locker Julia Pirona Julia Tombrink-Thumm Julie Hodgins
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Julie – Anne O'Donoghue Julie Moon
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Julie Barnes Julie Neill
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Julie Griffith Julie Thornhill
Julie Guillaume Julie Waller
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Julie Hjorth Julie Whitburn Julie Woodman Jutta Lennard
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Julie Zuvela K Lederer
Juliet Albany K Saunders
Juliet Curran Kacy Kohn
Juliet Ganpat Kade Ehlers
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Juliet Simonis Kael Stein
Julio Rodriguez Kahlia Fletcher
Julius Verhoeven Kai Harrison
June Brockhoff Kailei McCrea
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June Zeven Karen Briggs
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Karen McDonald Karine Hebert
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Karen Riley Karris Cilli
Karen Rooksby Karyn Carroll
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Karen Schmidt Karyn Nelson
Karen Smith Karyn Wyatt
Karen Tomlinson Kasey Winstone
Karen Tredrea Kasi Rakic
Karen Van Rompaey Kasia Potocka Kassey Whiteford Kate Suckling
Kassia Storey Kate Sutton
Kat McBride Kate Thresher
Kat Moss Kate Walker
Kat Spark Kate Walsh
Katalina Mindszenty Kate Wright
Kate Barry Kate Yanz
Kate Bell Katerina Maraggouli
Kate Born Kath Warburton
Kate Born Kath White
Kate Boyle Katharina Kroeger
Kate Brown Katharina Rapp
Kate Cartwright Katharine Evans
Kate de Boer Katharine Graham
Kate Detchon Katherine Armstrong
Kate Downie Katherine Barrett Zywan
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Kate Erceg Katherine De jong
Kate Fisher Katherine Ellis
Kate Hannan Katherine Esslemont
Kate Holmes Katherine Gaschk
Kate Joyce Katherine Granquist
Kate Lalor Katherine Grier
Kate loughton Katherine Hobbs
Kate Magno Katherine Jardine
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Kate Mullen Katherine Sampson
Kate Nestor Katherine Saunders
Kate Nisbet Katherine Stanley
Kate Noble Kathie Drake
Kate Purse Kathie Strickland
Kate Ramsay Kathleeen Graham
Kate Raynes Goldie Kathleen Altmann Kathleen Bailey Katie Hobbs
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Kathleen Mitchell Katrin Menard
Kathleen Mohning Katrina Ehlers
Kathleen Mullins Katrina Mentis
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Kathrine Farn Katt Sims
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Kathy Bancroft Kay Steele
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Kathy Simonik Kay Williams
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Kathy Thomson Kaycee Wyatt
Katia Falco Kaye Barr
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Katie Florance Kaye Geerssen Kaye Glennon Kelli Jones
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Kaye Lewis Kellie DeGeorge
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Kaye Proudley Kellie Mckinnon
Kaye Solomon Kellie Olarenshaw
Kaykee MacKenzie Kellie Payne
Kayla Christiansen Kellie Wheatcroft
Kayleen Rundell Kelly B
Kaylene Brewer Kelly Bon
Kaylene Francis Kelly Boulter
Kaylene Muller Kelly Burns
Kaylie Simpfendorfer Kelly Burton
Kayne Craddock Kelly Byers
Kayte Gosly Kelly Cate
Kaytee Sumida Kelly Fiske
Kaz Pugh Kelly Flemming
Kee Jaensch Kelly Keegans
Keenan Edward's Kelly Locke
Keeran Lafferty Kelly Madden
Keir Sooby Kelly Mccommon
Keira Wright Kelly Morgan
Keith Biles Kelly O'Reilly
Keith Graham Kelly Parker
Keith Meadows Kelly Prime
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Kel Shiptpn Kelsey Dabinett
Kellee Graus Kelsie Phillips Kelsy Steiner Kerrie Di Cataldo
Kelvey Johnson Kerrie Eather
Kelvin Campbell Kerrie Gordon
Ken Broadbent Kerrie Macek
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Keri James Kerry Simpson
Kerrie Barton Kerry Thomas
Kerrie Chandler Kerry Trapenll Kerry Way Kiara Fernie
Kerry Whittaker Kiera Bryan
Kerry Wilson Kieran Chappell
Kersten Auret Kieran Peters
Kersti Kitching Kieran Renolds
Keshia Cooper Kieren Scott
Kessa Hansson Kiirti Rivas-Barnao
Ketrina Keeley Kim Aikman
Keturah Seeley Kim Berghofer
Kevin Brown Kim Brooks
Kevin Burns Kim Crawley
Kevin Collins Kim Cross
Kevin Crombie Kim Darcy
Kevin Ferguson Kim Dixon
Kevin Man Kim Dunstan
Kevin McDonnell Kim Fenton
Kevin McLeod Kim Gibson-Newton
Kevin Oats Kim Greenham
Kevin Payne Kim Holland
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Kevin Smith Kim Humphrey
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Kevin Sweeney Kim Lisson
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Kevin Watchirs Kim Maree
Kevin William Hartill Kim Mckay
Kezia Jacobs-Smith Kim Morris
Kheila Blayden Kim Newton
Kiah Bouchet Kim Pittman
Kiah Luoni Kim Riddle
Kiahara Jacobs Kim Robinson
Kiani Craig Kim Sellon
Kiara Dawson Kim Shaw Kim Sibley Kirsty Connor
Kim Southwood Kirsty Craigie
Kim Steel Kirsty Low
Kim Symons Kirsty MacDonald
Kim Thomas Kirsty McIntosh
Kim Wainwright Kirsty McKenzie
Kim Waters Kirsty Reynolds
Kim Young Kirsty Silcock
Kimberley Bourne Kit Chan
Kimberley Cattleman's Association Kit Lemann
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Kimberley Newell Kitty Marshall
Kimberley Robertson Kiyo Lake
Kimberley Robinson Klaus Fahrner
Kimberley Safari Tours Koala Murray
Kimberley Water Kodee Brown
Kimberley West Koedee McFarland
Kimberly Leeds Konaquin Bickmore
Kimberly Robinson Koral Ward
Kindelle Pillonel Kree Jones
Kinga Harsanyi Kree Raven
Kingsley Smith Kris Barnes
Kio Blythe Kris Bressa
Kira Tremain Kris Clinton
Kirby Hawkins Kris Cooling
Kirri Moore Kris El Bayeh
Kirrily Beer Kris Farley
Kirsten Broad Kris Grant
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Kirsten Lear Kris Lacy
Kirsten MacLeod Kris Mcleod
Kirsten Stacey Kris Morton
Kirstina Bray Kris Waddington Krishna Janotka Kurt Vall
Krista Etheridge Kushla Gale
Kristal Rogers Ky Yuille
Kristen Brown Kyla Pannell
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Kristen Van Der Meer Kyle Youbg
Kristen Vine Kylee Sugars
Kristie Wilson Kylie Black
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Kristine Lockwood Kylie Burgess
Kristine Lye Kylie Collins
Kristine Moy Kylie Cook
Kristine Ostermeyer Kylie Crawford
Kristine reilly Kylie Delaney
Kristine Thomson Kylie Dodds
Kristy Fode Kylie Falconer
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Kristy Gregory Kylie Greer
Kristy Hammond Kylie Head
Kristy Hampson Kylie Jones
Kristy Hayward Kylie Kerr
Kristy Lee Wright Kylie King
Kristy Sachse Kylie Lawrence
Kristy Thorndike Kylie Marriott
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Kristyn Begnell Kylie Metje
Kristyn Bowtell Kylie Murphy
Kristyn Fanning Kylie Oldridge
Kurt Charlton Kylie Pascoe
Kurt Cruger Kylie Segaert
Kurt Eulgem Kylie Van Vlimmeren
Kurt Finger Kylie Wheatley Kylie Whitehead Lana Volkova
Kylie Wilkie Lana Wolstencroft
Kylie Williams Lani Annesley
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Kym Arnol L'Annette McRae
Kym Biddell Lara Fazioli
Kym Buttery Lara Harland
Kym Carter Lara Harrison
Kym Haythore Lara Klaus
Kym Jefferies Lara Maria Martin Sanchez
Kym Nugent Lara McKenna
Kym Turnbull Lara Shelton
Kym Ware Laraine Newton
Kyrah McKeown LaRene Wolfe
L Clark Larisa Vanstien
L Dc Larissa Beinke
L Martin Latent Petroleum
La Vonia Hammond Lathalia Song
Lachlan Beaton Laura Andrea Muñoz
Lachlan Beil Laura Askwith
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Lahea Levi Laura Bishop
Laila Bertelli Laura Boykin
Laine C Laura Cargill
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Lamis Kazak Laura Field
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Lana Reeves Laura Murray Laura Robins Lawrence Hanlan
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Laura Vermeersch Layla Henderson
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Lauren Arcus Lea Elder
Lauren Bray Lea Nash
Lauren Christie Lea Smouha
Lauren Dircks Leah Ayres
Lauren Dorozenko Leah Gandossini
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Lauren Gauci Leah Ingrey
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Lauren Holder Leah Power
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Lauren Moss Leah Rakabundel
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Lauren Pritchard Leah Stevanovic
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Lauren Staples Leah Welmans
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Lauretta Peirce Leanne Bennett
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Lauriston Muirhead Leanne Coward
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Lawrance Chadwick Leanne Dowling
Lawrence Geoghegan Leanne Dunn Leanne Edmiston Leigh Johnson
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Leanne Norbury Leigh Podporin
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Leanne Robertson Leisa Robertson
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Leceile Firth Len Bunn
Lee Cummings Leni Smith
Lee Davies Lenore Cannon
Lee Donaghue Lenore Reeves
Lee Ewing Leon D'Alton
Lee Gillespie Leon Hoffmann
Lee Goddard-Williams Leona Goodchild
Lee Ireland Leona Paindelli
Lee Joyce Leoni Plunkett
Lee Kemp Leonie Courtney
Lee Miller Leonie Dunnet
Lee Paine Leonie Harrison Byrne
Lee Pereira Leonie Hayes
Lee Reid Leonie Inger
Lee Smith Leonie Kerr
Lee Virgo Leonie Lyall
Leeanne Campbell Leonie McDerby
LeeAnne Fong Leonie Pearce
Lee-anne Groenewegen Leonie Small
Lee-Maree Stinson Leonie Stubbs
Leena Mitra Leroy Nargoodah
Leesa Groth Lesa Lindsay
Leigh Allan Lesleigh Curnow
Leigh Brewster Lesley Adamson
Leigh Furner Lesley Baligod
Leigh Golosky Lesley Bosworth Lesley Heyward Lianne Elliffe
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Lesley King Libby Greenhill
Lesley Letham Lidia Cesconetto
Lesley Marsh Lidia Roelink
Lesley Pathe Lies Paijmans
Lesley Quinsey Lieve Bultynck
Lesley Tandy Liinda Hunt
Lesley Taylor Likita Marley
Lesley Walker Lil Williamson
Leslie Alexander Lila Chapman
Leslie Bowker Lilian Ewing
Leslie Carameli Lilian Kaye Gilbert
Leslie Cassidy Lilian Ponce
Leslie Cozad Liliana Cuba
Leslie Mc Maho Liliana Fiorini
Leslie McLean Liliana Mawer
Lessa Thom Lilli Rose
Lester Maino Lillian Jagger
Letitia Ellis Lillian Zoum
Lewis Burnett Lily Podger
Lewis Hawkins Limda Tiltsen
Lewis Umbrellahem Lin Lopin
Lexie Stephens Lin Thompson
Lexy Smoker Linda Andrews
Liah Cassidy Linda Appleford
Liah Cassidy-Smith Linda Avramides
Liahona Reiri Linda Bester
Liam Davenport Linda Binder
Liam R Linda Bogdanovs
Liana McNeill Linda Bouckaert
Liane Tooth Linda Burke
Lianna Fiocco-Ramos Linda Carroll Linda Chaplin Linda Wood
Linda Corcoran Lindi Harding
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Linda du Boulay Lindsay Giardina
Linda Fleete Lindsay Goward
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Linda Gatfield Lindy Allen
Linda Gill Lindy Connor
Linda Hassa Lindy Davis
Linda Johnson Lindy Temple
Linda Jones Lindy Van Houweninge
Linda Law LindyJane Kittel
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Linda Mathew Linton Rousseau
Linda Maxwell Lion Kiol
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Linda Perkins Lis Francis
Linda Pratt Lisa Bastian
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Linda Ray Lisa Chatwin
Linda RD Lisa Coyle
Linda Reynolds Lisa Cummins
Linda Roberts Lisa Cuthbert
Linda Roney Lisa Danza
Linda Schiesser Lisa Dowall
Linda Selvey Lisa Edwards
Linda Thorpe Lisa Ervine
Linda Tiltsen Lisa Harris
Linda Topham Lisa Highman
Linda Turner Lisa Huet
Linda Watson Lisa Humble Lisa Hunt Lisal Covell
Lisa Iselin Liss Kay
Lisa Jones Lissa Annan
Lisa Knox Lisschele Masters
Lisa Lewis Litsa Katsarou
Lisa Lorimer Liz Adams
Lisa Maddams Liz Arthur
Lisa Mangan Liz Buchanan
Lisa Matthews Liz Chivell
Lisa Mazzola Liz Dow
Lisa Neste Liz Everett
Lisa Newmarch Liz Eviston
Lisa Norman Liz Hawke
Lisa Potocnik Liz Hemsley
Lisa Roberts Liz Kloosterman
Lisa Robertson Liz Locke
Lisa Rowe Liz Lokhorst
Lisa Ryan Liz Manera
Lisa Simpson Liz Mcandrew
Lisa Smith Liz Parker
Lisa Smith Liz Williams
Lisa Stirling Liz Williams
Lisa Suero Liz Wilson
Lisa Tucker Liza Dicks
Lisa Tully Lizii Prince
Lisa Vos Lizzi Swatland
Lisa Wales Lizzie Coad
Lisa Wall Lizzy Gorczyca
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Lisa Wilson Lloyd Baugh
Lisa Woolf Lloyd Fisher
Lisa Young Lock the Gate Alliance
Lisabeth Finn Lock the Gate Alliance (Proforma) Lois Stubley Louisa Connors
Lone Fundby Louisa Hart
Loraine Bali Louisa Jackson-Brown
Lorena Boyle Louisa VanRysbergen
Lorenzo Hoffmann Louisa Warburton Rees
Loretta Allen Louise Atkinson
Loretta Bani Louise Bertoncinj
Loretta Leslie Louise Charlton
Loretta Muir Louise Chesworth
Loretta Nutini Louise Conboy
Loretta Sartori Louise de Vos
Loretta Tiefen Louise Dillon
Lori and Mark Thornton Louise Greenslade
Lorinda Jenkins Louise Hammond
Lorraine Brand Louise Harvey
Lorraine Clifford Louise Hatton
Lorraine Egan Louise Keramaris
Lorraine Hewson Louise Lockyer
Lorraine Smith Louise Loosmore
Lorraine Town Louise Magenta
Lorraine Vanyai Louise Mann
Lothar Konle Louise McLernon
Lou Athanasiou Louise O'Brien
Lou Baxter Louise Raszyk
Lou Charlet Louise Ratcliffe
Lou Conboy Louise Reid
Lou Gordon Louise Schreiber
Lou Hardy Louise Somerville
Lou Pynenburg Louise Trevitt
Loughlin Cole Louise Vining
Louis Corbeau Louise Wilding
Louis Wyse Lowenna Brogan
Louis Zampogna Loz Williams Lucas Grisolia Luke Sweet
Lucas Mathersul Luke Thomas
Lucas Mulligan Luke Walker
Lucia Fischer Lulu Langford
Lucia Mitchell Lulu Starman
Luciana Rohde Lumari McGuinness
Luciano Marcuzzi Lydia Davis
Lucile Bourguet Lydia Garvey
Lucinda Chown Lydia Jones
Lucinda Gidlow Lydia Piscioneri
Lucy Honan Lyla Fleischman
Lucy Jordanoff Lyn Bayfield
Lucy Pearson Lyn Bell
Lucy Rose Lyn Burkitt
Lucy Simon Lyn Butcher
Lucy Smith Lyn Csendes
Lucy Worgan Lyn Dingby
Luigi Chierici Lyn Fontanini
Luigi Rosolin Lyn Harris
Luis Cavallone Lyn Johns
Luisa Krein Lyn McCullough
Luke De jong Lyn Mews
Luke Ellison Lyn Proud
Luke Fitzmaurice Lyn Reed
Luke Gyurity Lyn Robson
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Luke Holland Lyn Stirling
Luke Kielman Lyn Sykes
Luke McKinney Lynda Clark
Luke Powell Lynda Fitzgerald
Luke Ritchie Lynda Somers
Luke Rogers Lynda Willis
Luke Sutherland Lyndall Boulos Lyndall Ward Lynne Kendrick
Lyndel Begg Lynne Schabrun
Lyndell Bourke Lynne Sparkes
Lyne Pitcher Lynnette McFarlane
Lynette Brown Lynnette Parsonson
Lynette Campbell Lynnie Robertson
Lynette Correy M Blight
Lynette Elliott M C Loch
Lynette Hughes M Cecilia Correia
Lynette Hurley M Hancock
Lynette Masuda M Hicks
Lynette Nitson M Hobic
Lynette Oswald-Jacobs M Kincer
Lynette Sinclair M Leszczynski
Lynette Singleton M Martin
Lynette Sunderland M Morton
Lynette White M Van de Belt
Lyn-K Saunders M Vanderhave
Lynley Brennan Mac Ma
Lynley Crump Madame Rã Field
Lynn Gauntlett Maddie Jones
Lynn Micheletti Maddison Cavel
Lynn Newman Maddison Read
Lynn Ogden Madeleine Crockfors
Lynn Phillips Madeleine Croft
Lynn Roberts Madeleine Feehan
Lynn Taylor Madeleine Innocent
Lynndy Bennett Madeleine King
Lynne Calman Madeleine Smith
Lynne Coombs Madeline Bull
Lynne Crook Madeline Hemsley
Lynne French Madeline Kealy
Lynne Garwood Madeline Paterson Madeline Scott Mallissa Bicanin
Madeline Yamera Mamie Minty
Madelyn Rugari Mandi Candusio
Madjulla Inc Mandy Bruford
Madonna Dorreboom Mandy Cope
Mafalda Moutinho Mandy Gange
Magali McDuffie Mandy Mccarthy
Magda Hribar Mandy Mihelic
Magdolna Mb Jarvie Mandy O’brien
Maggie Aitchison Mandy Smith
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Maggie Overman Manfred Tettweiler
Maggie Peel Mani Grace
Maggie Shanklin Mani White
Maggie Wheeler Manning Allen-Scott
Maggie Wilson Manning Chia
Magnus Calman Manraj Khosa
Maha Mc Manson
Mahtilda Van blitterswyk Manu Hovette
Maimie Lim Manuel Kolle
Mairi White Mar Bland
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Mal Green Maraea Connolly
Mal Hardy Marandal Ayres
Mal Mason Mararet Carter
Mal Roberts Marc Atkinson
Malcolm Bury Marcella Cooper
Malcolm Pallot Marcia Finger
Malcolm Shore Marcia Ishlove
Malcolm Thornton Marcia Robbins
Malcolm Wells Marco Sanginiti
Malgorzata Schmidt Marcus Barton
Mali Moir Marcus Dowling Marcus F Rumpus Margaret Linden
Marcus Knight Margaret Lockwood
Marcus Rumpus Margaret Lorang
Mardi Johnston Margaret Louise
Maree Chadwick Margaret Matters
Maree Christiansen Margaret Mawson
Maree Hudson Margaret McMahon
Maree Leyshon Margaret McRae
Maree Lynette Morris Margaret Mooney
Maree Manby Margaret Murphy
Maree Quinn Margaret Noble
Marg Smith Margaret Parker
Margaret Auld Margaret Petridis
Margaret Baddeley Margaret Plowman
Margaret Bluett Margaret Pritchard
Margaret Cammock Margaret Richardson
Margaret Dawson Margaret Riebau
Margaret Farquharson Margaret Runfors
Margaret Geneved Margaret Ryan
Margaret Genever Margaret Sellers
Margaret Gollagher Margaret Start
Margaret Hender Margaret Stasiw
Margaret Herring Margaret Waterman
Margaret Hilder Margaret Went
Margaret Holmes-Middleton Margaret Whan
Margaret Ireland Margaret Williams
Margaret James Margaret Wunsch
Margaret Jeffery Margareta Holmdahl
Margaret King Margaret-ann Kerr
Margaret Lamerton Margie Brazier
Margaret Laud Margie Bryant
Margaret Leigh Margie Kelman
Margaret Lemon Margit Alm Margo Hills Marianne Wiseman
Margot Dirven Marie Carter
Margot Helbig Marie D'Anna
Mari Dominguez Marie Deering
Maria Atkinson Marie Grimmond
Maria Eddy Marie Gummow
Maria Ferreira Marie Harris
Maria Flanagan Marie Jean Hamilton
Maria Garvey Marie Limondin
Maria Grazia Gismondi Marie Liseby Lapierre
Maria Herbst Marie Ly
Maria Lopes Marie Maciel
Maria McLauchlan Marie Murphy
Maria Niermann Marie Nikas
Maria Pegg Marie O'Dwyer
Maria Quinn Marie Reeder
Maria Rance Marie Simpson
Maria Richardson Marie Thérèse Mols
Maria Rodriguez Marie Winfield
Maria Sheridan Marie-Joze Van De Wiel
Maria Sola Marie-Pierre Cleret
Maria Ten Hengel Mariesa Greenwood
Maria Valsamis Mariette Wiltshire-Butler
Marian Birchmore Marigold Hayler
Marian Cook Marijana Ravlich
Marian Howard Marijke Liddle
Marian Kiely Marilyn Boss
Marian Koniewicz Marilyn Boston
Marian McIntosh Marilyn Elson
Marianne Hall Marilyn Goninon
Marianne Mullane Marilyn Graziano
Marianne Schofield Marilyn Harrison
Marianne Vandale Marilyn Owen Marilyn Paton Mariska Padget
Marilyn Shrapnel Marita Keenan
Marilyn Tabatznik Marita Lane
Marilyn White Marj Bullivant
MariLynn Herman Marjorie Hudson
Marina Bystrin Mark Abbott
Marina Chessa Mark Adams
Marina Fowler Mark Boon
Marina Franke Mark Browne
Marina Van Leeuwen Mark Cattaneo
Marina Van Mens Mark Coonan
Marina Ward Mark Devereux
Marinda Perry Mark Donovan
Marine Duplan Mark Embacher
Mariner Tutavaha Mark Fabien
Mario Schmack Mark Farrell
Marion Bennett Mark Foote
Marion Bom Mark Giblett
Marion Cox Mark Gould
Marion Glover Mark Grisham
Marion Helwig Mark Hadden
Marion Louise Manson Mark Hagdorn
Marion Pathey-Johns Mark Hodie
Marion Rankine Mark Hollett
Marion Scott Mark Hollinrake
Marion Taylor Mark Howden
Marion Thomas Mark Hughes
Marion Treasure Mark Jenkins
Marion Wallace Mark Jones
Marion Whitecross Mark Kelly
Marisa de Longville Mark Korvin
Marisa Fanto Mark Lewis
Marise Palmer Mark Lofts Mark Lofts Martha W D Bushnell
Mark McGough Martin Balkwill
Mark Padgett Martin Bekkers
Mark Perry Martin Billington
Mark Peters Martin Gasser
Mark Reid Martin Henderson
Mark Rich Martin Huber
Mark Rothwell Martin Kolberg
Mark Ryder Martin Leyssenaar
Mark Schneider Martin Male
Mark Selby Martin Novak
Mark Stenning Martin Oliver
Mark Streten Martin Pritchard
Mark Teasdale Martin Skou
Mark Thiele Martin Timms
Mark Thomas Martin Wanke
Mark Waterson Martin Wilson
Markus Egli Martin Wiltshire
Marla Barker Martina Long
Marla Tovar Martina Meyer
Marlena Bloomfield Martine Gijsbrechts
Marlene Donovan Martine Porret
Marlene Marinkovic Mary Ann Rath
Marlene Piñeiro Mary Back
Marlo Stubber Mary Back
Marnie Cotton Mary Bastable
Marolyn Hamilton Mary Bracken
Marra Apgar Mary Bratych
Marsha Hamill Mary Britton
Marsha Heinrich Mary Browne
Marsha Roberts Mary Claire Mullane
Martha Ansara Mary Cotter
Martha Stoltenberg Mary Dixon Mary Duckett Matt Barton
Mary Ellen Matt Cowdery
Mary French Matt Dodd
Mary Greenwood Matt Evans
Mary Haginikitas Matt Halse
Mary Hives Matt Harradine
Mary Johnsen Matt Johnson
Mary Lou Ridsdale Matt Kemp
Mary MacPhie Matt Murphy
Mary McLoughlin Matt Papadopoulos
Mary O'Brien Matt Pausin
Mary Pamela Mackay Matt Roberts
Mary Ŕath Matt Rumsa
Mary Scully Matt Smith
Mary Shannon Matt Trow
Mary Sturmer Matt Viggers
Mary Thorpe Matt W
Mary Valpied Matt Willson
Mary Wade Matteo Volonte
Maryann Aung Matthew Collings
Maryann Piccione Matthew Cornwall
Mary-Anne Deacon Matthew Dodd
Mary-anne Paul Matthew Doohan
Mary-Jane Rigby Matthew Hinder
Mary-Jayne House Matthew Johnson
Maryka Gullan Matthew Kenny
Marylene Glover Matthew Kinchington
Mason Chidgey Matthew Lambourne
Mason Dean Matthew Lykos
Mat Tavendale Matthew Mclean
Mathew Sullivan Matthew Nicholas
Matilda Sage Matthew Palmer
Matt Archibald Matthew Pye Matthew Rennie Max McFarlane
Matthew Shane Max Mox
Matthew Simpson Max Nicholls
Matthew Sleet Max Royce
Matthew Stewart Maxime Dawson
Matthew Treacy Maxine Berryman
Matthew Wells Maxine Buchanan
Matthew Whitingbird Maxine Hausmann
Matthew Wills Maxine Phillips
Matthew Wilson Maxine Rowley
Matty Giuliano Maxine Wesley
Maureen Clifton Maxwell Fitzsimmons
Maureen Diver Maxwell Greaves
Maureen E Clark May Briggs
Maureen Foss Maya Sapir
Maureen Grantham Maya Slarke
Maureen Harris Maynard Heap
Maureen Kelly MC Resources Australia
Maureen McCool ME Winton
Maureen Mccrae Meagan Gillett
Maureen O'Neal Meagan Howe
Maureen Porcelli Meagan Moulton
Maureen Riggs Meagan Packer
Maureen Smith Meaghan Rowe
Maureen Steele Meg Attard
Maureen Taylor Meg Baxter
Maureen Williams Meg Gagen
Maurice Dowson Meg Lack
Maurice Lang Meg Mcinnes
Maurice Perry Meg Prentice
Mavis Blowers Meg Watts
Max Bancroft Meg Wilson
Max Kraulis-Breen Megan Anderson Thompson Megan Armstrong Melanie Baister
Megan Ashton Melanie Bastian
Megan Blunden Melanie Beach-Ross
Megan Catchlove Melanie Birch
Megan Dallas Melanie Collard
Megan Fletcher Melanie Cook
Megan Hyatt Melanie Dare
Megan Jackson Melanie Hawkins
Megan Johnson Melanie Jones
Megan Lack Melanie Kahn
Megan Pardoe Melanie Kealley
Megan Pustolla Melanie Maclou
Megan Rhys-Jones Melanie McAleer
Megan Sharp Melanie Morris
Megan Simpson Melanie Mucenski
Megan Spatchek Melanie Sims
Megan Summers Melanie Smith
Megan Turner Melanie Spratt
Megan Ventris Melanie Stevenson
Megan Waterhouse Melanie Tasker
Meghan Rieniets Melanie Thompson
Mei Jiang Melanie Waldron
Mei Simpson Melda Tulloch
Mel Caceres Melina Healey
Mel Cairns Melina Panagos
Mel Chambers Melinda Andrews
Mel De La Melinda Botteon
Mel Gallanagh Melinda Brackley
Mel Holmes Melinda Cosentino
Mel Horton Melinda Rippe
Mel Milo Melinda Stephen
Mel Murphy Melinda Turner
Mel Pope Melissa Anderson Melissa Arnott Meredith Rourke
Melissa Baker Meredith Stanton
Melissa Barker Meri Forrest
Melissa Blackshaw Merinda Holmes
Melissa Cooper-Findlay Merle Barthel
Melissa Danks Merle Foster
Melissa Dunstan Meron Peake
Melissa Duralia Merran Hughes
Melissa Fitzgibbon Merri Randell
Melissa Glasser Merrill Jusuf
Melissa Gow Merrilyn Hide
Melissa Halvorson Merrilyn Shute
Melissa Jones Merryn Howard
Melissa Jones Meryl Greig
Melissa Kardol Meryl Pinque
Melissa Kat Metha Storer
Melissa Mattys Mhairi Flay
Melissa McNabb Mia Dingwall
Melissa Parsons Mia Donaldson-McNeill
Melissa Skinner Mia Faletti
Melissa Smith Mia Hodgetts
Melita Kidd Mia Midena
Melita Shaw Micah McIntyre
Melody Lovelace Michael Adeane
Melody Rettay Michael Astle
Melody Williams Michael B Whiteway
Memduha Buday Michael Barker
Mercy Homes Michael Begg
Meredith Brownhill Michael Bellman
Meredith Doyle Michael Braithwaite
Meredith Hartmann Michael Brehaut
Meredith Hocking Michael Brennan
Meredith Rose Michael Brown Michael Byrne Michael Norman
Michael Collins Michael O'Brien
Michael Connolly Michael Oliver
Michael Costaine Michael Page
Michael Coulson Michael Palmer
Michael Crofts Michael Peak
Michael Crossley Michael Penrose
Michael D'Adamo Michael Pickup
Michael Dallas Michael Ptolomey
Michael DeFina Michael Reid
Michael Dezius Michael Roberts
Michael Digney Michael Rogerson
Michael Durk Michael Rossi
Michael Fabiankovits Michael Scarola
Michael Fisher Michael Shaw
Michael Fitzgerald Michael Stegherr
Michael Friedmann Michael Thomas
Michael Gill Michael Thompson
Michael Godsell Michael Thomson
Michael Gowty Michael Tomczyszyn
Michael Grey Michael Totman
Michael Grimaldi Michael Waldron
Michael Gunther Michael Walker
Michael Hemmings Michael Ward
Michael Kiddle Michael Wasiliev
Michael King Michael Webb
Michael Kirkness Michael Wickins
Michael Long Michael Wilson
Michael Mardel Michael Wright
Michael McCaughey Michael Young
Michael McGown Michaela Temmen
Michael McGrath Michel Collin
Michael Moy Michele Brazier Michèle Drouart Michelle Mogridge
Michele Eva Michelle Murphy
Michele Kwok Michelle Murray
Michele Lee Michelle Philip
Michele Smith Michelle Pierre
Michele Stephenson Michelle Quinn
Michele Zbudowski Michelle Roadley
Michelle Anderson Michelle Sayer
Michelle Baillie Michelle Stein
Michelle Blackman Michelle Tank
Michelle Bothe Michelle Taylor
Michelle Britton Michelle Turvey
Michelle Connors Michelle Vaughan
Michelle Corbin Michelle Vezer
Michelle Cullen Michelle White
Michelle Duke Mick Abberley
Michelle Evans Mick Curran
Michelle Fraser Mick Daley
Michelle Fuehrer Mick Lavel
Michelle Gabelich Mick Wells
Michelle Gable Mick Wellstead
Michelle Griffiths Mickael Calame
Michelle Head Micklo Corpus
Michelle Hickman Mieko Louise
Michelle Holmes Mignon Bonwick
Michelle Huitt Miguel Gregorkiewitz
Michelle Jensz Mik Aidt
Michelle Kinsella Mik Rauha
Michelle Levar Mike Armstrong
Michelle Levi Mike Brown
Michelle Loneragan Mike Burke
Michelle Lovelock Mike Burnett
Michelle Marrinon Mike Cartlidge Mike Kannis Misa Ya
Mike Kastner Mischa Herman
Mike Kaufman Misha Blair
Mike Peirce Mitch Campbell
Mike Rathbone Mitch Crain
Mike Smith Mitchell Cotter
Mike Van Der Zwart Mitchell Dormont
Mike Wallis-Smith Mitchell Johns
Mike Windle Mitchell Lawrence
Mike Young Mitchell Nugent
Mikealah Stratford Mitchell Smith
Mildred Borders Mizuho Mishima
Miles Lindsay Moana Perrot
Milla Vincent Mochael Rotheraine
Millicent Sims Moira Cameron
Millie Kitchener Moira Mackay
Millie van Zalm Moira McDermont
Minerva De La Torriente Moira Slater
Minna Luostarinen Moksha Clarence
Mippy Valentine Monica Bois
Mir Frahmand Monica Duffy
MIra Clohessy Monica Fahey
Mira Cohen Monica Field
Mirand Log Monica Leggett
Miranda Fowler Monica Main
Miranda-Lee Farmer Monica Vinson
Mirella Prolongeau Monica Wager
Miriam Brooker Monica Wheatley
Miriam Jones Monics Sweitzer
Miriam Purkiss Monika Doepgen
Mirian Hoadley Monika Schwientek
Mirinda Boaz-Cole Monique Barker
Mirjana Durovic Monique Copeland Monique Dobson Nada Sale
Monique Durant Nadia Howe
Monique La Fontaine Nadia McLaren
Monique Le Lievre Nadia Rasheed
Monique Tonet Nadia Rebasti
Montahna Johnston Nadia Sant
Moorah Mackenzie Nadia Townsend
Morgan Nadine Wantz
Morgan Bennett Nadja Kubalsky
Morgan Cable Naes Tayla
Morgan Eastwood Nan McColl
Morgane Riou Nancy Denis
Morrison Wulgarrie Nancy Ellison-Murray
Ms Eyre Nancy Freyer
Muriel Davies Nancy Griffin
Muriel Hewitt Nancy Heard
Muriel Holden Nancy Kennedy
Murielle Bodenham Nancy Liddle
Murray Dangen Nancy Novak
Murray Franconi Nancy Parker
Murray Green Nancy Seaver
Murray Johnson Nancy Stamm
Murray Kelman Nancye Miles-Tweedie
Murray Tardent Naomi Anderson
Murray Williams Naomi Campbell
Myfi Dunning Naomi Cooper
Myles O'Keeffe Naomi Delawarr
Myriam Zaggia Naomi Gorman
Myrto Angelouli Naomi Hood
N Fregin Naomi Hubner
N R Naomi O'Shea
Nada Jones Naomi Sloan
Nada Mijak Naomi Smith Naomi Williams Natasha Berry
Naomie Hatherley Natasha Douglas
Narelle Clauscen Natasha Gaiter
Narelle Codalonga Natasha Graebner-Braun
Narelle Fowler Natasha Natasha
Narelle Jarvis Natasha Popovic
Narelle Loseby Natasha Ridge
Narelle Perroux Natasha Riley
Narelle Thompson Natasha Robertson
Narga Narga Natasha Sattary
Nasrin Lucas Natasha Slattery
Nat Trott Natasha Varner
Nat Ward Nate Anderson
Natalia Reith Nate Streher
Natalia Restrepo Nathalie Casal
Natalie Brewer Nathalie Haymann
Natalie Carmody Nathalie Serin
Natalie Fabregues Nathan Bainbridge
Natalie Faulkner Nathan Bartlett
Natalie Feil Nathan Blesing
Natalie Fletcher Nathan Burch
Natalie Gallagher Nathan Carruthers
Natalie Halliday Nathan Gunn
Natalie Hellyar Nathan Jack
Natalie Innes Nathan Opie
Natalie King Nathan Pigram
Natalie Larkin Avasalu Nathan Platt
Natalie Matjala Nathan Triplett
Natalie Mestern Nathan Wales
Natalie Nairn Nava Wahl
Natalie R Neal Waud
Natalie Swansen Neale Clementson
Natalie Wardsmith Neale Terrill Ne-ara Smith Nichole Cue
Neil Butler Nick Blears
Neil Denison Nick Dwyer
Neil Li Nick England
Neil Mackay Nick Ferguson
Neil Newart Nick Godsell
Neil Patterson Nick Hopkins
Neil Pearce Nick Jones
Neil Quarles Nick Linton
Neil Walker Nick Smurthwaite
Nell Thayne Nick Swallow
Nellie Gay Nick Westley
Nelsa McAuley Nicki Nolan
Neralie Hoadley Nicko Dav
Nereid Baker Nicky Baruch
Nerida Browne Nicky Lawrence
Neville Birthisel Nicky Nolan
Neville Bruce Nicky Portersmith
Neville Hodge Nicky Sherring
Neville Joyce Nicola Brache
Ngaire Rose Nicola Bridge
Niall Cherry Nicola Kelliher
Nic Corby Nicola Lamb
Nic Freeman Nicola Mallard
Nic Swinton Nicola Mckenzie
Nichola Cowin Nicola Mullen
Nicholas Dose Nicola Oldham
Nicholas Gioia Nicola Ruane
Nicholas Glorie Nicola Rundle
Nicholas Hoar Nicola Thompson
Nicholas Lee Nicole
Nicholas Seve Nicole Alexander
Nicholas Smurthwaite Nicole Angi Nicole Angst Niki Bignell
Nicole Armstrong Nikita Dann
Nicole Baines Nikki Boys
Nicole Batiste Nikki Eyles
Nicole Davis Nikki Glasfurd
Nicole Donovan Nikki Noo
Nicole Flynn Nikki Parker
Nicole Hutch Nikki Perkins
Nicole Jackson Nikki Prentice
Nicole Johansen Nikki Volonte
Nicole Jortzig Nikki Watson
Nicole Kerridge Nikko Raffin
Nicole Lawrence Nikky Stone
Nicole Loh Nikola Chavez
Nicole Maddison Nina Ambrose
Nicole Mansergh Nina Hardie
Nicole Miller Nina Jones
Nicole Oneill Nina Stick
Nicole Page Nina Trikojus
Nicole Reed Ninelle Salem
Nicole Robinson Nisse Kirk
Nicole Whitwell Niti Tischner
Nicolle Kuna No Fracking Way
Nicolle Wilby Noa Sharabi
Niel Innes Noah Craft
Nienke Pley Noah Manne
Nienke Van der Togt Noah Markov
Nig Mckeone Noel Clark
Nigel Andrews Noel Crawford-Ferguson
Nigel Carrick Noel Evans
Nigel Hewitt Noel Harris
Nigel Rice Noel Holland
Niki Noel Phillips Noela Harris Smith Olga Rhys-Maitland
Noelene Clarke Olive Johnston
Noelene Harrison Olive Mason
Noelene Jenkins Oliver Fenner
Noelle Johnston Oliver Mallie
Nola Crichton Oliver Zwalf
Nola Pendlebury Olivia Bunny
Nola Williams Olivia Cooper
Nonie Ressler Olivia Rosebery
Nonie Taylor Olivia Smith
Nook Dupuy Olivia Turley
Noondel Grazing Co (Dandaragan Organic Beef) Olski Henrique
Noonkanbah Community Members Ophelia Van Blitterswyk
Nora Kuehnhausen Ord
Nora Shayeb Ory Zaidenvorm
Nora Stinson Oscar McMullin
Norbert Hein Oscar Revilla
Norm Zis Oscie Thomas-Martin
Norma Woodcock Owen Blayney
Norman Jackson Owen Booy
Norman Pater Owen Brown
Norwest Energy NL Owen Bunney
Norwood Proforma Owen Campbell
Norwood Resource Owen Dyer
Nton Borchers Owen Finder
Nuria Trusloveb Owen Smith
Nyssa Folvig Oya Ceri
Nyssa Ste P Atterbury
O Lewis P Skingle
Odelle Templeton P.O.W.E.R Eneabba
Odette Stevens Paddy Cullen
Ofelia Guizzon Paddy Glasgow
Olga Nazarova Paige Cubbage Palais Holness Pania Smi
Palatine Energy Pty Ltd Paola Capellini
Palma De Cerqueira Paolaa De Fanis
Pam Cho Paris McPhee
Pam Eulgem Pasado Bhikkhu
Pam Fergie-Jackson Pascale Dujardin
Pam Formby Pascale Pitsakis
Pam Griffin Pastoral and Grazers Association
Pam Heather Pat Best
Pam Lewington Pat Calderbank
Pam Massey Pat Chang
Pam Swanborough Pat Gregurke
Pam Webster Pat O'Brien
Pamela Bell Pat Ross
Pamela Cooper Pat Seery
Pamela Dawes Pat Williamson
Pamela Farrell Patrice Mckeown
Pamela French Patrice Suckling
Pamela Hawkins Patricia Adams
Pamela Hourani Patricia Always
Pamela King Patricia Anthony
Pamela Lloyd Patricia Baer
Pamela Rutherford Patricia Balderstone
Pamela Scott-Holland Patricia Benjamin
Pamela Shearer Patricia Bleuel
Pamela Skelton Patricia Brown
Pamela Van Effrink Patricia Browne
Pamela Vanderfield Patricia Currie
Pamela Vincent Patricia Finley
Pamela Vouroscallahan Patricia Frederick
Panela Mearns Patricia Goldsack
Pange Niemoeller Patricia Johnson
Pania Burton Patricia Kahler Patricia Luoni Patrick Ridley
Patricia Lyndsay Patsy Buchan
Patricia Marshall Patti Haak
Patricia Martin Patti McBain
Patricia Mc Nulty Paul Bainbridge
Patricia McAuliffe Paul Ballardin
Patricia McPherson Paul Barker
Patricia McQuaid Paul Bergin
Patricia Pahl Paul Bradstreet
Patricia Preston Paul Canny
Patricia Pruitt Paul Clements
Patricia Rogers Paul Cook
Patricia Rovik Paul Corrigan
Patricia Rutherford Paul Derbridge
Patricia Schuttler Paul Desmond
Patricia Seymour Paul Donovan
Patricia Simpson Paul Doughton
Patricia Skilton Paul Gravett
Patricia Stroud Paul Harley
Patricia Thomson Paul Hollick
Patrick Archibold Paul Humphreys
Patrick Barrie Paul Ison
Patrick Carlton Paul Jack
Patrick Cora Paul Jackson
Patrick Coyle Paul Jones
Patrick Dhue Paul Kapica
Patrick Harte Paul Kimmel
Patrick Hayes Paul Knapton
Patrick Hyslop Paul Kneipp
Patrick Larkins Paul Le Bars
Patrick Marcus Paul Lindon
Patrick Morgan Paul Longva
Patrick Narggodah Paul Lucas Paul Lynch Paula Hallberg
Paul Martin Paula Koopman
Paul Matson Paula Muller
Paul Mazza Paula Pinto De barros
Paul Niblett Paula Roberts
Paul Nokes Paula Thurston
Paul O'Neill Paula Tilbrook
Paul Owens Paulina Smith
Paul Payten Pauline Ball
Paul Punter Pauline Cook
Paul Quirk Pauline Dilley
Paul Ramos Pauline Kirby
Paul Richards Pauline Kitching
Paul Robb Pauline Lee
Paul Rowe Pauline Mansfield
Paul Scallan Pauline Mcminn
Paul Shaw Pauline Mealor
Paul Smith Pauline Morrison
Paul Smithson Pauline Muir
Paul Stone Pauline Neale
Paul Taylor Pauline Sedgwick
Paul Theseira Pauline Sloan
Paul Thompson Pauline Tremlett
Paul Tobin Pauline Wilson
Paul Walker Pauline Winrow
Paul Weise Paulo Moraes
Paul Westerink Paulus Kruijer
Paul White Paulus van der Meer
Paul Wilkinson Peggy Hodgson
Paul Wilson Peggy Leder
Paula Dugmore Peggy McKenna
Paula Ericksen Peggy van Zalm
Paula Ewington Peggy Whalley Pelham Turner Peta Scott
Pen Goodwin Pete Firth
Pene Brown Pete Morris
Pene Cheng Pete Williams
Penelope Furphy Peter Alexander
Penelope Hanley Peter Ashton
Penelope Kennish Peter Athanitis
Penelope Mcculloch Peter Atherton
Penelope Tanner Peter Barnes
Penne Coates Peter Beahan
Penny Byrne Peter Beckman
Penny Finlayson Peter Blayden
Penny Gillard Peter Bowman
Penny Hall Peter Brazier
Penny Joyce Peter Bright
Penny Lee Peter Butler
Penny Liddallcable Peter Byrne
Penny Mangen Peter Celotti
Penny McKeague Peter Celotti
Penny Young Peter Chandler
Per Hult Peter Christen
Pernille Button Peter Connolly
Pernille Gray Peter Cook
Perolina Fernandes Peter Cooper
Peta Bindoff Peter Criddle
Peta Boyce Peter Crowder
Peta Cabban Peter Dart
Peta Hall Peter De Bruin
Peta Har Paz Peter Dean
Peta Kelly Peter Ellis
Peta Lowe Peter Enright
Peta Page Peter Fleming
Peta Richards Peter Gajewski Peter Godden Peter McMeikin
Peter Green Peter McMullan
Peter Hanson Peter Metcalfe
Peter Hazelwood Peter Mitchell
Peter Hipe Peter Morris
Peter Hofstetter Peter Morris
Peter Howes Peter Mort
Peter Hull Peter Moss
Peter Hunt Peter Nickell
Peter Hutch Peter Ouvatzis
Peter Huxtable Peter Phelan
Peter James Peter Proposch
Peter Johnston Peter Quigley
Peter Jones Peter Rigby
Peter Kendall Peter Robertson
Peter King Peter Schmidt
Peter Kitely Peter Seligman
Peter Koffel Peter Sherlock
Peter Kuestler Peter Signoretto
Peter Kurz Peter Smith
Peter Lamb Peter St Clair-Baker
Peter Lane Peter Stephenson
Peter Larkin Peter Taylor
Peter Limb Peter Thiess
Peter Lloyd Peter Thompson
Peter Lummis Peter Vadasz
Peter Lyall Peter W Roberts
Peter Madden Peter Wales
Peter Magill Peter Wallis
Peter Maguire Peter Walters
Peter Mantel Peter Watsford
Peter Martin Peter Wiedemann
Peter May Peter Wilkinson Peter Wilson Philippa Kelly
Peters Taylor Philippe Durkin
Petr Cervenka Phill Matthews
Petra Jones Phillip Archdall
Petra Meer Axton Phillip Bussanich
Petra Muller Phillip Haggar
Petra Webstein Phillip Harrison
Phil Cook Phillip Kairys
Phil Doring Phillip Lantzke
Phil Garlick Phillip Nelson
Phil Hoar Phillip Whitney
Phil Jefferies Phillipa Holden
Phil Jenkins Phillippa Adamson
Phil Jones Phoebe Batt
Phil Kafarela Phoenicia Altaire
Phil Millsteed Phu Pham
Phil Rumble Phyllis Di Palma
Phil Smith Phyllis Hatch
Philip Ball Pia Quartermaine
Philip Blakeway Pia White
Philip Dempsey-Lees Piera Collins
Philip Griffin Piero Tantini
Philip Harlow Pierrot Aram
Philip Harris Piers Verstegen
Philip Lewis Pieta O`Donohoe
Philip Parker Pieter Massuger
Philip Pitt Pieter Newtown
Philip Roberts Ping Williams
Philip Stockton PJ Rochforte Murphy
Philip Wrench Polly Livanidis
Philipp Seiler Poppy Atheis
Philippa Gillett Poppy Fox King
Philippa Harrison Pow Chong Powell Rachel Gregg
Prachi Jacob Rachel Hannan
Prashanti Lyree-jo Vodanovich Rachel Howells
Prashya Gosman Rachel Hull
Priscilla Boniface Rachel Macgregor
Priscilla Tonnochy Rachel Mayne
Professor Carmen Lawrence Rachel McColgan
Professor Hans Lambers Rachel Nelson
Pru Mcintyre Rachel Potter
Prudence Aitken Rachel Prudham
Prudence Pearce Rachel Shepherd
Prue Mantack Rachel Somers
Puja Hart Rachel Stratford
Quentin Stoffels Rachel Taylor
R Dellagostino Rachel Verdon
R Flanders Rachel Whiteman
Rach Henry Rachel Williams
Rachael Fleming Rachel Wolf
Rachael Freeland Rachell Zealand
Rachael Marie Rachelle Pummell
Rachael McFadyen Rachelle Wallace
Rachael Py Rachial McCahon
Rachael Sealey Radhika Kayarat
Racheal Maher Rae Fenwick
Rachel Banks Rae Jacobson
Rachel Bench Rae Scriv
Rachel Byleveld Rae Sheridan
Rachel Claudio Rae Willshire
Rachel Davison Raelene Dench
Rachel De Silva Raelene Porter
Rachel England-Brassy Raelene Poustie
Rachel Flanders Raffaella Ferretti
Rachel Fry Rahana Bell Raine van Dyle Raymond McNab
Rainer Breitfeld Raymond Mlynczak
Ralph Boardman Raymond Robertson
Ralph Darlington Raymonde Hasleby
Ralph Holmes Rebeca Ritchie
Ramakrishna Gogulapati Rebecca Albury
Rameshwar Drew Rebecca Broadbent
Ramona Headifen Rebecca Brockhus
Ranae Russo Rebecca Brown
Randall Wood Rebecca Burns
Randie Graham Rebecca Cox
Randolph Butler Rebecca Durrant
Ranjana Whall Rebecca Edwards
Ranuka Tandan Rebecca Filmer
Raoul Harvey Rebecca Gardiner
Raquel Manuel Rebecca Gorman
Raquel Yeomans Rebecca Harris
Ravian Budde Rebecca Hoad
Ray Brooker Rebecca Jackson
Ray Flanagan Rebecca Jennings
Ray Goulter Rebecca Mackin
Ray Hortin Rebecca Misich
Ray North Rebecca Moore
Ray Sorensen Rebecca Moore
Ray Tauss Rebecca Morse
Ray Welsh Rebecca O'Kane
Raya Stanton Rebecca Panos
Rayleen Milne Rebecca Petersen
Raymond Bartlett Rebecca Privilege
Raymond Cansick Rebecca Purchon
Raymond Cowley Rebecca Putland
Raymond Hallatt Rebecca Ranson
Raymond Mathiesen Rebecca Reid Rebecca Schofield Renee Mouritz
Rebecca Somerville Renee Myles
Rebecca Tanner Renee O'Mara
Rebecca Thomas Renee Ord
Rebecca Wu Renee O'Reilly
Rebekah Bigaila Renee Roberts
Rebekah Geagea Renee Sartori
Reece South Renee Taylor
Rees Barrett Renel Cuesta
Reg Went Rennie Mccullough
Regina Bos Renuka Raven
Regina Kirk Reshma Woodit
Reid Durant Reto Zollinger
Remy Isitt Reuben Field
Rena Koufakis Reyna Hadley
Renae Andrews Reynir Monck
Renae Boyd Reza Khan
Renae Kings Reza Vojouhi
Renae Mcencroe deKlerk Rhiana Furlan
Renae Mining Rhiannon Cooney
Renae Stringer Rhiannon Quinn
Renata Montiroli Rho McNeill
Renate Moellenhoff Rhona McGill
Rene Birzer Rhonda Aloisio
Rene Holland Rhonda Avard
Renea O'Neill Rhonda Black
Renee Gale Rhonda Dalwood
Renee Hancock Rhonda Green
Renee King Rhonda Main
Renee Levy Rhonda Shannon
Renee Locks Rhonda Stephens
Renee Martell Rhondda Field
Renee McLeod Rhondell Maguire Rhyannon Wucherpfennig Richard Mueck
Rhys Jones Richard Person
Rhys Shoveller Richard Puchmayer
Rhys Thomas Richard Shane Houbart
Ric Sheffield Richard Sherman
Ric Woodroffe Richard Smart
Ricardo Bayshark Richard Smith
Ricardo Oliveira Richard Stanford
Riccardo Miglia Richard Warren
Rich Morris Richard Weatherhead
Richard Baldwin Richard Wightman
Richard Bartlett Richie Davies
Richard Batsford Rick Shulver
Richard Berney Rick Watt
Richard Chandler Rigby Taylor
Richard Dudley-Smith Rik Stowman
Richard Elphick Rikki Bremner
Richard F Reynolds Rikki Kennedy
Richard Gillaspie Rikki Lovell
Richard Grimson Rikki-Lee Andrew
Richard Hardiman Riley Gentle
Richard Hieber Riley Varnorides
Richard Hobbs Rina Hill
Richard Holland Rini Tutehira
Richard Horan Goldsmih Rita Fessler
Richard Hosking Rita Messenger
Richard Ingram Rob Dexter
Richard James Rob Dickens
Richard Johnston Rob Ding
Richard Lane Rob Dobson
Richard Mellick Rob Forster
Richard Moore Rob Gadz
Richard Morrell Rob Goodyer Rob Green Robert Hart
Rob Jack Robert Howard
Rob Loof Robert Jenkins
Rob Lyons Robert Johnson
Rob Malster Robert Jolly
Rob Mazzilli Robert Kenney
Rob Phillips Robert Locke
Rob Rowe Robert M Reed
Rob Seltzer Robert Macdonald
Rob Turner Robert Macfarlane
Rob Vail Robert McCosker
Rob Vis Robert Mcculloch
Rob Waller Robert McKenzie
Rob Williamson Robert Ortiz
Robert Alder Robert Parker
Robert Ambrose Robert Poustie
Robert Biggs Robert Pulie
Robert Boekel Robert Rowlz
Robert Bradley Robert Scalzo
Robert Breen Robert Schulz
Robert Brittain Robert Seggie
Robert Brown Robert Skappel
Robert Byrnes Robert Smith
Robert Castiglione Robert Spong
Robert Cooke Robert Surmacz
Robert Deutschbein Robert Venn
Robert Dose Robert Whittaker
Robert Ellison Robert Young
Robert Ensbey Robert Zandstra
Robert Evans Roberta Abba
Robert Fielding Roberta Bencini
Robert Flynn Roberta Dixon-Valk
Robert Gordon Roberta Murphy Roberto Aviles Robyn Reichert
Robin Collin Robyn Res
Robin Dean Robyn Seiler
Robin Dessauer Robyn Stevenson
Robin Dunn Robyn Stojanovic
Robin Ellis Robyn Swanson
Robin Murray Robyn Vollweiler
Robin Salmon Robyn Weber
Robin Spragg Robyn Wilson
Robin Williams Robynn Simmons
Robina Maitland-Smith Rochelle Cheesman
Robyn Becket Rochelle Pooley
Robyn Brearley Rocio Luparello
Robyn Cail Rocio Muhs
Robyn Cain Rockwater
Robyn Chamberlain Rod Angus
Robyn Clancy Rod Chessell
Robyn Clarke Rod Copeland
Robyn Downes Rod Crawford
Robyn Eade Rod Mitchell
Robyn Evans Rod Quantock
Robyn Fogarty Rod Smith
Robyn Griffiths Rod Taylor
Robyn Hearn Rodger Bacon
Robyn Hudson Rodney Green
Robyn Kelly Rodney Hearne
Robyn Kerr Rodney Machin
Robyn Latimer Rodney Simpson
Robyn Lawson Rodney Tait
Robyn Lindquist Rodney Wienand
Robyn Moore Rodolfo Sanchez
Robyn Pallett Roeland Pol
Robyn Prowse Rogan Pater Roger Brown Ron Snook
Roger Buchtmann Rona Chiera
Roger Chapman Ronald Cooper
Roger Cheeseman Ronald Martens
Roger Cunnington Ronald Maxfield
Roger Harper Ronald Nilsen
Roger Hughes Ronda Freeman
Roger Mitchell Ronen Steingold
Roger Monk Ronja Hallgren
Roger Richards Ronnie Gregurke
Roger Rumble Ronnie Lormada
Roger Salter Ronny Hickel
Roger sands Rory Henry
Roger Scott Rory Macleod
Rohan Anderson Rory Moore
Rohan Kilby Ros Wells
Rolan Deutekom Rosa Caminada
Rolf Boe Rosa Paparini
Rolf Friis Rosa Rowlands
Romayne Westwood Rosalie Aitken
Rome Banks Rosalie Felmingham
Romina Arend Rosalie Ireland
Romola Bucks Rosalie Kraljevich
Romola Watson Rosalind Owers
Ron De Reus Rosanne Murray
Ron Deane Rose
Ron Francis Rose Baxter
Ron Highett Rose Bray
Ron Jacobson Rose Chapman
Ron Lyons Rose Doss
Ron Manning Rose Jurd
Ron Renton Rose Kerr
Ron Savage Rose Leigh Rose Marie Roslynne Bourke
Rose Pickering Ross Atteridge
Rose Scott Ross Boughton
Rose Tarasenko Ross Copeland
Rose Wilkinson Ross Crump
Roseanna Grigg Ross Ellis
Rosemarie Engl Ross Forbes-Stephen
Rosemarie Farthing Ross Gabel
Rosemarie Merendino Ross Hamilton
RoseMarie Stef Ross Lincolne
Rosemary Elbery Ross Mac
Rosemary Hansen Ross Macdonald
Rosemary Ingram Ross McDavitt
Rosemary Kelly Ross Mclennan
Rosemary Lloyd Ross Phillips
Rosemary Mattingley Ross Pringle
Rosemary Mller Ross Rapmund
Rosemary Morrow Ross Robins
Rosemary Tate Ross Sanders
Rosemary Terren Ross Tempestt
Rosemary Wells Rowan Holgate
Rosemary Wernick Rowan Monks
Rosie Baker Rowan Ward
Rosie Foster Rowena Christ
Rosie Jackson Rowena Edwards
Rosie Mulligan Roxana Knittel
Rosie Stafford Roxanne de Vos
Rosita Valladares Roxanne Williams
Roslyn Alexander Roy Bishop
Roslyn Cook Royce White
Roslyn Dorrington Roz Lawler
Roslyn Drayton Roz Turner
Roslyn Hancock Rsys Mayo Rubrn Boddington Ruth Johnson
Ruby Stephens Ruth Lambert
Rudi Gerhardt Ruth Leigh
Rudolf Strnad Ruth Mouchemore
Rudy Speer Ruth Richards
Rupert Stephenson Ruth Rogers
Rupert Weller Ruth Stevens
Russ Kamp Ruth Trimboli
Russ Meeking Ruth Wetter
Russ Richards Ruth Wise
Russell Dilley Ryan Brown
Russell Hughes Ryan Cope
Russell Jennings Ryan Crowhurst
Russell Lejeune Ryan Edmunds
Russell Nicholls Ryan Harvey
Russell Pearce Ryan Hopprich
Russell Smith Ryan Ladzinski
Russell Williams Ryan Maher
Rusty Hammond Ryan Ohara
Ruth Adshead Ryan Oostryck
Ruth Barrett Claremont Ryan Sempf
Ruth Blomberg Ryan Snel
Ruth Boustead Ryan Taylor-Walshe
Ruth Callaghan Ryan Welby
Ruth Connop Ryland Larbey
Ruth de Beer S Collins
Ruth Eckhard S Df
Ruth Ellis S Gavin
Ruth Evans S Kelly
Ruth Foley Sabrina Talarico
Ruth Gabriel Sadie-Jane Berinson
Ruth Hardy Sage Butler
Ruth Hargrave Sage Jessica Butler Sall Hunter Salome Argyropoulos
Sally Sam Bloor
Sally Boobbyer Sam Chidgzey
Sally Cacic Sam Entwistle
Sally Chapman Sam Ferris
Sally Doyle Sam Gee
Sally Eves Sam Griffiths
Sally Fitzgerald Sam Gurney
Sally Freer Sam Hall
Sally Gothe Sam Hrabe
Sally Hall Sam Lawlor
Sally Hill Sam Martin
Sally Holmes Sam Meiklejohn
Sally Hook Sam Randell
Sally James Sam Ronan
Sally Koster Sam Shepherd
Sally May Sam Thurtle
Sally McGann Samantha Ace
Sally Mckau Samantha Brind-House
Sally Newman Samantha Dwyer
Sally Payne Samantha Eady
Sally Richards Samantha Eaton
Sally Roberts Samantha Howe
Sally Stoneman Samantha Murphy
Sally Tidey Samantha Rayment
Sally Tuck Samantha Russell
Sally Twigley Samara Deeg
Sally Vrancic Samara McDonald
Sally Ward Samara Read
Sally Wheildon Sami Nassar
Sally Willig Sammia Panciocco
Sally Wiltshire Samuel Clark
Sally Wylie Samuel Durkin Samuel Entwistle Sandra Orchard
Samuel McDermott Sandra Reed
Samuel Scott Sandra Rotheraine
Samuel Van Eldik Sandra Simpson
San Roc Sandra Sims
Sanand Dilip Sandra Taylor
Sandi Femia Sandra Williamson
Sandie Brouwer Sandra Wood
Sandie Craig Sandrine Davis
Sandie Fonseca Sandy Coe
Sandie McIntosh Sandy Gallagher
Sandii Rogers Sandy Maley
Sandra Ainsley Sandy Rose
Sandra Andersen Sanjay Sircar
Sandra Broz Santos
Sandra Carr Sara Cavallaro
Sandra Clark Sara Coyne
Sandra De Vries Sara Davies
Sandra Faber Sara Heidari
Sandra Ferhad Sara Montrose
Sandra Finger Lee Sara Paoluzzi
Sandra Frost Sara Riva
Sandra Gilmour Sara Skeaf
Sandra Grulli Sara Soetemans
Sandra Heuston Sara Vidal
Sandra Hoogwerf Sarah Asphar
Sandra Klein Sarah Bates
Sandra Low Sarah Brennan
Sandra Materi Sarah Burnell
Sandra Meldrum Sarah Calverley
Sandra Mills Sarah Cattini
Sandra Musella Sarah Cochrane
Sandra Needham Sarah Conroy Sarah Cooper Sarah Munday
Sarah Cripwell Sarah Newman
Sarah Curley Sarah Oliver
Sarah D’Arcy Sarah Palmer
Sarah Dowling Sarah Pausina
Sarah Dudley Sarah Robinson
Sarah Duncan Sarah Smith
Sarah English Sarah Stanger
Sarah Flynne Sarah Staphorst
Sarah Fraser Sarah Stevens
Sarah Galvin Sarah Stevenson
Sarah Gautrey Sarah Stewart
Sarah Gaythwaite Sarah Toledo
Sarah Giggins Sarah Townsend
Sarah Gorman Sarah Travis
Sarah Hay Sarah Walsh
Sarah Henderson Sarah Wilkes
Sarah Hunt Sarai Beard
Sarah Johnston Sascha Ettinger
Sarah Kendall Sasha Brampton
Sarah Lester Sasha Kelly
Sarah Lilley Sasha Kelly-Thatcher
Sarah Lynch Sasha King
Sarah Ma Sasha Montocchio
Sarah Mack Saskia Mazzella
Sarah Marshall Satya Vayu
Sarah Martin Savanna Bloomer
Sarah Mason Saxon Mailey
Sarah Matthews Scarlet Capper
Sarah McCulloch Scott Alexander
Sarah McPherson Scott Barnard
Sarah Morton Scott Buckley-Hewitt
Sarah Moten Scott Cathery Scott Fairclough Sere Roe
Scott Feeney Serena Davie
Scott Ferguson Serena Gamble
Scott Finlayson Serena Manning
Scott Heistek Serena Sinclair
Scott Hill Serena Zen
Scott Jago Serge Grimaitre
Scott Joosten Serina Connoley
Scott Leary Serina Thompson
Scott Martin Seth Whale
Scott Mckendrick Severine Maudoux
Scott Myers Sha Davies
Scott Paterson Shabana Azeez
Scott Smith Shaianna Bushell
Scott Vicary Shakara Rainbow-Rose
Scout Higgins Shammanan Rao Krishnasamy
Sean Burton Shanay Hutchings
Sean Corrigan Shandell Cummins
Sean Dealy Shandi-Rai Juengling
Sean Fitzjohn Shane Drew
Sean Graham Shane Drinkwater
Sean Johnson Shane Dundas
Seán Marsh Shane Flint
Sean Monahan Shane Fraser
Sean Ryan Shane Hunter
Sean Schmidt Shane Ivers
Sean Willmott Shane Leyk
Seanaja Bell Shane Love MLA
Seb Watson Shane McCamish
Sebastian Etchevest Shane Pooley
Sebastian Robinson Shane Sutcliffe
Selwyn Rodda Shane Westlake
Sen De Shane Young Shanhan Bonham Sharon Guy
Shania Richards Sharon Hughes
Shanice Ridge Sharon Kinnison
Shannon Abberton Sharon Kirk
Shannon Astill Sharon McGough
Shannon Hansen Sharon Meredith
Shannon Lethbridge Sharon Moffatt
Shannon Lombardi Sharon Nazer
Shanon Bell Sharon Ogle
Shari Moore Sharon Parsonson
Sharin Ruba Sharon Pfenninger
Sharleen Park Sharon Scoble
Sharlene D'Arcy Sharon Sheppard
Sharlene Noble Sharon Sim
Sharmala Haines Sharon Slade
Sharnah Glover Sharon Smith
Sharnee Rutherford Sharon Tulp
Sharni Day Sharon Walker
Sharni Hague Sharon Woods
Sharon Annesley Sharon Yarwood
Sharon Badger Sharon Zelei
Sharon Baker Sharrie Carter
Sharon Balestrin Sharyn Day
Sharon Beck Sharyn Gishford
Sharon Bryden Sharyn Lituri
Sharon Claire Daws Sharyn Maes
Sharon Clark Shaun Chambers
Sharon Clues Shaun Clark
Sharon Cook Shaun French
Sharon Drabsch Shaun Gardner
Sharon Fimmano Shaun Meredith
Sharon Fisher Shaun Miller
Sharon George Shaun Stephens Shauna Baker Shelly DeRenzy
Shauna Robinson Shelly Lennon
Shawn Trindall Sheree Smith
Shay Levin Sheri Yeoman
Shay White Sheridan Adams
Shaye Mead Sherrell Jenkins
Shayna Rudolph Sherrill Allen
Shayne Joynson Sherry Stumm
Shea Halge Sherry Thomas
Sheelagh Dupont Sheryl Keen
Sheena Sullivan Sheryn Ryan-Raison
Sheena Worrall Shez Donald
Sheil Boulton Shire of Mundaring
Sheila Blaasch Shirley Clymer
Sheila Cheliah Shirley Collins
Sheila Cockerill Shirley Dingley
Sheila Dillon Shirley Driver
Sheila Gosbell Shirley Dunsdon
Sheila Jackson Shirley Garrod
Sheila McNeill Shirley Gorring
Sheila Nolan Shirley Knight
Sheila Rowlands Shirley Marsh
Sheila Stones Shirley Motteram
Sheila Ward Shirley Pearce
Sheldon Ikin Shirley Rider
Shell Stayt Shirley Russell
Shelley Conner Shona Hunter
Shelley Karlsen Shona Lee
Shelley Reilly Shona McFox
Shelley Stansfield Shorn Dhan
Shelley Studdert Shubham Sharma
Shelley Thorpe Sian Kenny
Shelley Williams Sibylle Beuke Sid Rogers Simon Rowell
Siegrid Berman Simon Tien
Silas Hanning Simon van der Klei
Silke Rothkamm Simon Whitaker
Silva Mirovics Simona Willis
Silvana Gohil Simone Brown
Silvia Aitken Simone Kent
Silvia Hirsbrunner Simone Kirkness
Silvia Salazar Simone Marsh
Simon Abbott Simone Martin
Simon Ackland Simone Tilley
Simon Alexander Simone Van Hattem
Simon Allen Simone Walsh
Simon Berry Simone Wilks
Simon Bradley Simonne Celestine
Simon Campbell Sinead Doyle
Simon Chapman Sinead King
Simon Da Silva Siobhan Paget
Simon Davison Siobharne Martin
Simon Day Sion Bourne
Simon Fleetwood SJ Chapman
Simon Gibbs SJ Rooney
Simon Hall Sky River
Simon Hamling Skye Cauchi
Simon Humbles Skye Lance
Simon James Skye Miller
Simon Jones Slobodan (Bob) Krstevski
Simon Kilbane Social Justice Commission, Uniting Church Western Australia Simon Lodge Sofia Pinto Simon Loffler Sofia Vaz Pinto Simon Long Sofie Lines Simon Marlan Songul Terzi Simon Rosengarten Sonia Crozier Sophie Pedley
Sonia Dezius Soraya Asmar
Sonia Foreman Soretta Rodack
Sonia Grimaldi Sozieterna Sozieterna
Sonia Hueppauff Spiros Sahinis
Sonia Lamond Sr Anne Moir
Sonia McGillivray Srdjan Jovanović
Sonia White Stacey Cooper
Sonja Drljaca Stacey Dalton
Sonja Dunning Stacey Harvey
Sonja Lyons Stacey Lenstra
Sonja Mclennan Stacey Pinci
Sonja Parker Stacey Smart
Sonny Walker Stacia Goninon
Sonya Hindson Stan Wisniewski
Sonya McKay Stanley Charles
Sonya Morgan Stefahn Dunn
Sonys Bray Stefan Mackay
Soozie Wray Stefanie Ziegelmeir
Sophia Childs Stefano Piviali
Sophia Clewley Steffen Zorn
Sophia Dwyer Stella Onderwater
Sophie Archibald Stella Walawski
Sophie Broom Stepanka Stastna
Sophie Camarri Steph Archer
Sophie Forbes Steph Bursill
Sophie French Steph Stidolph
Sophie Kelly Steph Westaway
Sophie Malmquist Stéphane Davoine
Sophie Meneguzzi Stephanie Barker
Sophie Milne Stephanie Buis
Sophie Monaco Stephanie Chan
Sophie Notley Stephanie Ferguson Stephanie Hough Steve Andrews
Stephanie Jennings Steve Benzie
Stephanie Kob Steve Courtney
Stephanie McAdie Steve Dreher
Stephanie Mitchell Steve Dreher
Stéphanie Moncade Steve Drew
Stephanie Pavicic Steve Ecclesta
Stephanie Pointer Steve Gates
Stephanie Roe Steve Gates
Stephanie Skilbeck Steve Grandage
Stephanie Swift Steve Hall
Stephanie Tchan Steve Harris
Stephen Batzer Steve Lankford
Stephen Best Steve Lewis
Stephen Bestwick Steve Linley
Stephen Bone Steve Lucas
Stephen Cooper Steve O'Dwyer
Stephen Cox Steve Orrell
Stephen Dall Steve Overton
Stephen de Tarczynski Steve Pringle
Stephen Gates Steve Reznick
Stephen Grealy Steve Taupin
Stephen Jeffery Steve Thomas
Stephen Jennings Steve Tremmel
Stephen Kimber Steve Tucker
Stephen Larkman Steve Vauth
Stephen Murphy Steven Adams
Stephen Pearse Steven Binnie
Stephen Quick Steven Boniface
Stephen Spencer Steven Browne
Stephen Sutton Steven Cockerton
Stephen Taylor Steven Jones
Stephenie Borowiec Steven Jouchims Steven Kennedy Sudeshna Ghosh
Steven Lord Sue Ahnau
Steven Mcallan Sue Anderson
Steven Mcquillan Sue Andersson
Steven Robbins Sue Bendel
Steven Robinson Sue Bennet
Steven Smythe Sue Black
Steven Staats Sue Blaney
Steven Zoranich Sue C
Stevie Batiste Sue Clayton
Stevie Norton Sue Crowe
Stevon Greene Sue Day
Stewart Jackson Sue Dennis
Stewart Sant Sue Foley
Stewary Judson Sue Ganz
Stijn Scrayen Sue Guymer
Stjepan Marcelja Sue Hall
Stone Tracy Sue Harmer
Storm Thomas Sue Hayward
Storm Thomas-Waddell Sue Healey
Stuart Allis Sue Jackson
Stuart Anderson Sue Jones
Stuart Burgess Sue Lilley
Stuart Dawson Sue Littleton
Stuart Dean Sue Martin
Stuart Gallus Sue Maxwell
Stuart McCormack Sue McLean
Stuart Philp Sue Metcalf
Stuart Pigott Sue Metcalfe
Stuart Wilson Sue Mills
Su Couper Sue Morris
Su Johnson Sue Reid
Sucy Varughese Sue Smith Sue Stirton Susan Hawkins
Sue Turner Susan Hayes
Sue Young Susan Hill
Sue-Anne Higgins Susan Horsburgh
SueClaire Donovan Susan Jackson
Sue-Ellen Kirby Susan James
Suellen Grant Susan Jarvis-Alexander
Suellen Redapple Susan Johnson
Sulie Buckton Susan LeClair
Sumita Giren Susan Lodge-Calvert
Summer Susan Nichol
Sunny Wignall Susan O'keefe
Susan Ablitt Susan Palmer
Susan Allen Susan Parker
Susan Atkins Susan Paterson
Susan Behrmann Susan Pearce
Susan Bottger Susan Pickhaver
Susan Bowman Susan Radford
Susan Branch Susan Reardon
Susan Brandon Susan Rigarlsford
Susan Brazil Susan Russell
Susan Buckland Susan Sam
Susan Buckley Susan Severino
Susan Calligaro Susan Shaw
Susan Cheetham Susan Smith
Susan Cox Susan Surgener
Susan Dart Susan Thorpe
Susan de Pater Susan Viewing
Susan Foley Susan Vikene
Susan Foster Susan Waddell
Susan Goebel Susan Woodroffe
Susan Grayling Susan Wright
Susan Grimes Susannah Gelbart Susannah Ingram Suzanne Wightman
Susannah Mulligan Suzette Leleu
Susannah Thompson Suzi Byrom
Susanne Brown Suzi Cooper
Susanne Devereux Suzie Green
Susanne Peet Suzie Wells
Susanne Rix Sven Borg
Susi Mackie Sven Stephan
Susi Watson Sven Taapken
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Taliaferro Krusen Tania Mcclelland
Talisa Russell Tania Nowlan
Tallis Baker Tania Sherman
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Tamala Atkinson Tania White
Tamara D'Amico-Delgado Tanis Sherman
Tamara Harbus Tanja Abdelmesseh
Tamara Krissansen Tanner Peterson
Tamara Reeves Tansy O’Hara
Tamara Williams Tanvier Fowler
Tamela Vestergaard Tanya Barnett
Tammy Bradicich Tanya Beard
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Tammy Nogles Tanya Cole
Tammy Southall Tanya Cook
Tammy Taunt Tanya Czernyszow
Tammy Warburton Tanya De Souza-Meally
Tammy Wright Tanya Dodd
Tamsin Hodder Tanya Garnett
Tania Allan Tanya Hanby
Tania Busslinger Tanya Langford
Tania Coli Tanya Veronesi
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Tania Hoffman Tara Lewer
Tania Juengling Tara Moon
Tania Kanavas Tara Quinn
Tania Kosanovic Tara Shenker Tara Smerilli Teo Teo
Tara Smith Terence Turner
Tareena Welsh Terence Underwood
Tarshito Music Teresa Coley
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Taryn Haynes Teresa Teal
Taryn Robertson Teresa Ward
Tash Harris Teresia Lindberg
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Tauri Louden Terri Knauber
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Tayler Ainley Terrissa Smith
Taylor Terry Butterworth
Taylor Foley Terry Carr
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Tegan Douglas Terry Payne
Tegan Holtom Terry Perana
Tegan Mossop Terry Popple
Telain Green Terry Sheriff
Temple Eyre Terry Tedesco-Kerrick
Tenaya Egbert Terry Winters
Tenielle Brown Terryn Hough
Tennille Campbell-Carr Terryn Sesel Tess Lawrence Thomas Kearney
Tessa Mossop Thomas Kenyon
Tessa Roberts Thomas Macdonald
Tessa Thomas Thomas Mayoss
Tetti Clifford Thomas Miller
Thady Goonan Thomas Mitchell
Thami Croeser Thomas Pintagro
Tharon Saucier Thomas Timpe
The Australian Academy of Technology and Thomas Willis Engineering (ATSE) Thomas Yeats The Country Regions Council of WA Thomas Yeats The Leeuwin Group Thomazine Lamey The Wilderness Society of WA Tia Anastassiou The Wilderness Society of WA (Proforma) Tia Cordwell Thea ker von Ziarno Tiah Pepe Theda Mansholt Tiahni-rose Atkinson Thelma Ambrose Tiana Horvath Theodore Jenkins Tiarne Legge Theodore Lilley Tiena Drage Theres Dreher Tiffany Bowen Theresa Deery Tiffany Lance Theresa Foley Tika Hicken Theresa Gamble Tilai Clifford Therese Doherty Tim Therese Quinn Tim Acklin Theva Indrasenan Tim Aldridge Thomas Britz Tim Ambrose Thomas Chillcott Tim Blyth Thomas Cliff Tim Broster Thomas Cobam Tim Chappell Thomas Eric Moxham Tim Cumbers Thomas Hardie Tim de Beaux Thomas Houston Fraser Tim Duff Tim Fisher Todd Cowdrey
Tim Foley Todd Morley
Tim Forcey Todd Webber
Tim Galli Tojoe Mulligan
Tim Garstone Tom Bickley
Tim Houlton Tom Bond
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Tim O'Brien Tom Flood
Tim Rowse Tom Griffiths
Tim Smith Tom Hoyer
Tim Waldock Tom Smith
Timon Dik Tom Wilson
Timothy Fenner Tomas Nemecek
Timothy Hoffmann Tommaso Pollio
Timothy Kerr Tone Croft
Timothy Mullen Toni Cribari
Timothy Soanes Toni Holmes
Tina Behla Toni Johnson
Tina Capurro Toni Joyce
Tina Hofmann Toni Mason
Tina Hsu Toni McKenzie
Tina Kokott Toni Paccani
Tina Rumpus Toni Schoen
Tina wilson Toni Trevor
Tira Te Nana Toni van Dyle
Tk Clark Tonny Brabin
TL Hay Tony Cockburn
Tobias Davidson Tony Cook
Tobias Zillessen Tony Hart
Toby Friedman Tony Higgs
Tod Dixon Tony Judd
Todd Bracknell Tony Lambert Tony Massingham Tracey Wheeler
Tony Mobily Tracey Widdup
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Tony Mullen Tracey Zerna
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Tony Poynton Tracy Cole
Tony Robertson Tracy Joy Cockerton
Tony Sandaver Tracy Kent
Tony Smark Tracy Milne
Tony Turner Tracy Roberts
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Tracey Orr Travis Zee
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Tracey Pretty Trent Bell
Tracey Ross Trent Sawyers
Tracey Saggers Trent Wilkes
Tracey Sampson Trev Hedges
Tracey Sellenger Trevor Burton
Tracey W Trevor Corkill
Tracey Waugh Trevor Davis Trevor Larke Tuan Ngo
Trevor Palmer Tuesday Browell
Trevor Rhodes Ty Davey
Trevor Van Wyk Tyler Hay
Trevor Vickers Tyler McMahon
Trevor Vivian Tyler Reid
Trevor Vowles Tyra Chisholm
Trevor Walker Tyrone Lambert
Trevor West Tyzaac McCarthy
Trevor Weymes U Boyd
Trevor Woolford UIL Energy Ltd
Tria Manley Ulrich Schulze-Rossbach
Tricia Brown Ulyshka De La Perrelle
Tricia Turner Umberto Francioni
Trigg Wright III Una Mcaneney
Triona Diviney Una Ryan
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Trish Haste Urs Seiler
Trish Lawrence Ursula Kimberley
Trish Sherwood Uta Hoenig
Trish St Clair Uta Hoenig
Trish Stclair Ute Holz
Trish Townsend Uwe Schafer
Tristan Pettigrew V H
Troy Main V Hari
Troy Shannon Val Barrington
Troy Swain Val Czepulkowski
Trudi Stephens Val Humphrey
Trudy Gray Valentina Gombi
Trudy Hayes Valentine Ratnayeke
TShi Dsvies Valerie Curtis Valerie Fricker-Hampton Veronica Clarke
Valerie Hemsley Veronica Geary
Valerie Hunter Veronica Godfrey
Valerie Law Veronica Howard
Valerie Preston Veronica Oborn
Vanathy Arudselvan Veronica Reid
Vandra Mellers Veronica Skipworth
Vandra Stenton Veronika Farago
Vanessa André Veronika Obermarova
Vanessa Dewey-Adams Vic Bostock
Vanessa Errol Vic Powell
Vanessa Findley Vicki Caulfield
Vanessa Harris Vicki Clark
Vanessa Huesges Vicki Cosentino
Vanessa Klunder Vicki Driscoll
Vanessa Langford Vicki Gouteff
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Venessa Toms Vicky Collins
Venita Stewart Vicky Henderson
Vera Ross Vicky Matsui
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Verena Homberger Victiria Haslam
Veronica Barbeler Victor Harris Victor Hoisington Vonda Pater
Victoria Butler W Clark
Victoria Dougall W Robin Anderson
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Victoria Grice Wade Bristow
Victoria Peyser Wade Potts
Victoria Verity Wade Smith
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Wendy Clark-Mackaay Will Yates
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Wendy Ellis William Douglas
Wendy Ferguson William Harvey
Wendy Forster William Hawke
Wendy Gundlach William Hose
Wendy Hall William Howell
Wendy Kurz William Lawson
Wendy Logan William Marshall
Wendy Love-Jones William Mitchell
Wendy Lowe William Payne
Wendy McIntosh William Stock
Wendy Morris William West
Wendy Pulvirenti Wilma Brokaar Wilma van Boxtel Yvonne Fessler
Wim De Roeck Yvonne Gunn-Brockhof
Winnifred Van Heyst Yvonne Hindley
Winsome Dockter Yvonne Innes
Winsome Mortimer Yvonne Langshaw
Winston Barnett Yvonne Olsen
Xavier Brown Yvonne Suares
Xenia Iona Yvonne Sutter
Yann Vaucher Yvonne Tinsley
Yannick Viale Yvonne Wedgwood
Yasmin Kimber Yvonne Wilding
Yasmine Vrselja Zac Bamford
Yawuru Zac Fong
Yeeda Topham Zac Roberts
Yilybayiny Smyth Zac Sims
Ylonda Marshall Zac Spencer
Yngrid Mesones Tello Zac Yujnovich
Yoko Kimura Zach Nelson
Yo-Merry Todd Zach Watson
Younas Yousafi Zachari Dupuy
Yuki Barnett Zachary Gregory
Yungngora Aboriginal Community Zainab Clark
Yuya Hayase Zak Healey
Yvanna Horvatic Zakara Duval
Yves Jutard Zalan Glen
Yvet MQ Zara Guardia
Yvette Harrap Zea Broome-Ireland
Yvette Taylor Zeb Quigley
Yvette Watt Zelka Med
Yvettr Cox Zena Carter
Yvonne Bristow Zenta Markiewicz
Yvonne Dols Zev Ostrowski
Yvonne Ducat Zita Klaphake Zita Lerro
Zlatko Petrovski
Zoe Colson
Zoe Cox
Zoe Emmitt
Zoe Hormovas
Zoe Howe
Zoe Humphreys
Zoe Ryan
Zoe Starke
Zoe Webber
Zoe Willmott
Zoe Wolfe
Zoey Avery
Zofia Dauksza
Zoltan F
Zsanine Alexander This page has been intentionally left blank Appendix 5
Newspaper advertisement calling for submissions
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Fracking Inquiry Report_Appendices.indd 7 29/08/2018 12:01:38 PM This page has been intentionally left blank
Government of Western Australia
Scientific Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Call for submissions On 5 September 2017, the West Australian Government placed a ban on hydraulic fracture stimulation (fracking) in the Perth Metropolitan, Peel and South West regions, and a moratorium over the rest of the State. An independent scientific inquiry is being undertaken to assess and report on the potential impacts arising from the implementation of hydraulic fracture stimulation on the onshore environment of Western Australia, outside of the Perth metropolitan, Peel and South-West regions. The scope The Inquiry is being conducted by a Panel established by the Minister for Environment under section 25 of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 (EPA Act).
The Panel will base its report to Government on credible scientific and historical evidence of impacts, and their potential mitigation through appropriate regulation. Submissions to the Inquiry This is a scientific inquiry, and the Panel will consider perspectives, concerns and projections of onshore hydraulic fracture stimulation in Western Australia, within the scope of the Terms of Reference, as well as technical evidence that would inform their consideration. We ask stakeholders and the wider public to assist the inquiry to ensure the Panel has: • A full and appropriate understanding of the environmental values potentially at risk from unconventional oil and gas developments involving hydraulic fracture stimulation; • Any data or other evidence that might inform a scientific risk analysis of those impacts, with an emphasis on local geographies and geologies, and local evidence from Western Australia; and • Any reflections or experience on what a regulatory framework should ideally look like if the Government lifts the current Moratorium. We want to hear from you Submissions to the inquiry can be made in the following ways: • online by clicking on the “Have your say” tab at: www.frackinginquiry.wa.gov.au • via Email to [email protected] • by post to: Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry, Locked Bag 33, Cloisters Square, PERTH WA 6850 • by attending one of the public meetings Public meetings Meetings will be held from 26 February to 2 March 2018 at Fitzroy Crossing, Broome, Dongara, Dandaragan and Perth. Registrations will be open from 22 January to 4 February 2018. To register to attend a meeting visit the inquiry’s website www.frackinginquiry.wa.gov.au This page has been intentionally left blank Appendix 6
TSG 15 Approved Well Management Plan for the Valhalla North 1 Well
Published with the permission of Buru Energy
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Fracking Inquiry Report_Appendices.indd 8 29/08/2018 2:02:21 PM This page has been intentionally left blank
Appendix 7
Health, Safety Security Environmental Management System for Buru Energy’s Tight Gas Stimulation Program
Published with the permission of Buru Energy
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Fracking Inquiry Report_Appendices.indd 9 29/08/2018 2:02:21 PM This page has been intentionally left blank OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK
Health Safety Security Environment Management System
TGS Program
EP371-1501-FRAC-CAMP-PLN-HSSE Management System R2
UNCONTROLLED WHEN PRINTED Date printed: 21-Dec-15 Copyright Buru Energy Limited Dec-
TABLE of CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 7
1.1. DESCRIPTION ...... 7 1.2. PURPOSE ...... 8 1.3. SCOPE AND PROGRAM OVERVIEW ...... 8 1.4. PERFORMANCE STANDARDS ...... 10 1.5. RETENTION OF RECORDS ...... 11 1.6. BRU BUSINESS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM STRUCTURE ...... 11 1.7. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS AND STANDARDS ...... 13 1.8. LEGISLATIVE ENVIRONMENT ...... 14 1.9. STANDARDS ...... 15
2. DEFINING PRINCIPLES, ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 16
2.1. DEFINING PRINCIPLES ...... 16 2.2. TGS PROGRAM ORGANISATION STRUCTURE ...... 16 2.3. RESPONSIBILITIES ...... 17 2.4. COMMUNICATION OF HSSE AND RISK INFORMATION ...... 21 2.5. HSS DATA RECORDS ...... 22 2.6. COMPETENCE OF PERSONNEL ...... 23 2.7. SUFFICIENT RESOURCES ...... 24
3. TGS PROGRAM OPERATING ENVIRONMENT AND ACTIVITIES ...... 25
3.1. ASGARD 1 AND VALHALLA NORTH 1 WELLS ...... 25 3.2. YULLEROO 4 WELL ...... 25 3.3. CLIMATE ...... 25 3.4. TGS PROGRAM FACILITY DESCRIPTION ...... 27 3.5. TGS PROGRAM OPERATING MODEL ...... 38 3.6. EXISTING ENVIRONMENT SURROUNDING TGS PROGRAM ...... 38 3.7. OPERATIONS AND ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN AT THE TGS PROGRAM ...... 38
4. IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND CONTINUOUS MITIGATION OF RISK ...... 40
4.1. DESCRIPTION OF PROCESS ...... 40 4.2. MAJOR ACCIDENT EVENTS ...... 40 4.3. STRUCTURE OF RISK ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE ...... 40 4.4. RISK REGISTER LINK ...... 42 4.5. REVIEW FREQUENCY OF RISK REGISTER ...... 42 4.6. MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE ...... 42 4.7. RISK MITIGATION HIERARCHY...... 42
5. TGS PROGRAM APPROVED RISK CONTROLS ...... 44
5.1. TGS PROGRAM SECURITY PROTOCOLS (OVERALL) ...... 44
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5.2. DRIVING TO AND FROM SITE (OVERALL) ...... 44
5.3. FIRE (OVERALL) ...... 45 5.4. HYDRAULIC FRACTURING (INCLUDING PERFORATION) ...... 45 5.5. PERFORATION ...... 46 5.6. MILLING AND COMPLETIONS ...... 47 5.7. FLOWBACK OPERATIONS ...... 47 5.8. MAJOR WEATHER EVENT (OVERALL) ...... 49 5.9. PERSONNEL INJURY ...... 50 5.10. DAMAGE OR INJURY FROM DANGEROUS AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES ...... 50 5.11. PRIMARY PERMIT TO WORK (PTW) SYSTEM ...... 51 5.12. STANDARD WORK PROCEDURES (SWPS) ...... 52 5.13. JOB HAZARD ANALYSES (JHAS) ...... 53 5.14. TOOL-BOX TALKS AND SHIFT CHANGE HAND-OVER BRIEFINGS ...... 53 5.15. AFFIRMATIVE ACTION CARD ...... 53 5.16. HANDOVER AT CREW CHANGE ...... 54 5.17. EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR ...... 54 5.18. INSPECTION, TESTING, MONITORING AND REPORTING ...... 54 5.19. COMPETENCY REGISTER AND QUALIFICATIONS ...... 55 5.20. HAZARDOUS GOODS MATERIAL AND SAFETY DATA SHEET REGISTER ...... 55 5.21. EMPLOYEE TRAINING AND COMPETENCY DEVELOPMENT ...... 55 5.22. EMPLOYEE WELLBEING ...... 56 5.23. LEAD CONTRACTOR ALIGNMENT ...... 58
6. INCIDENT/ACCIDENT (EVENT) RESPONSE ...... 60
6.1. EVENT RESPONSE HIERARCHY ...... 60 6.2. INCIDENT/ACCIDENT (EVENT) OCCURRENCE DEFINITIONS ...... 60 6.3. EMERGENCY RESPONSE DOCUMENTATION ...... 61 6.4. TGS PROGRAM EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN (ERP) ...... 61 6.5. EMERGENCY RESPONSE PREPAREDNESS ...... 61 6.6. IMMEDIATE RESPONSE TO AN EMERGENCY – TGS PROGRAM ...... 62 6.7. INITIAL INCIDENT REPORT ...... 62 6.8. EVENT INVESTIGATION ...... 64 6.9. EVENT REPORTING ...... 64
7. CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT ...... 66
7.1. QUALITY ASSURANCE ...... 66 7.2. DOCUMENT CONTROL AND NOMENCLATURE PROTOCOLS ...... 66 7.3. MONITORING AND MEASUREMENT ...... 66 7.4. HSSEMS CONFORMANCE AND CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT ...... 66 7.5. HSSEMS AUDIT SCHEDULE ...... 66 7.6. AUDIT PROCEDURE...... 67 7.7. ANALYSIS OF DATA ...... 68
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8. APPENDICES...... 69
APPENDIX A RELEVANT BRU POLICY STATEMENTS...... 69 APPENDIX B TGS RISK ASSESSMENT AND FWOP ATTENDEES ...... 72 APPENDIX C TGS PROGRAM RISK REGISTER EXTRACT ...... 76 APPENDIX D APPROVED TGS PROGRAM STANDARD WORK PROCEDURES...... 97
LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE 1: HSSEMS AND ADDENDUM STRUCTURE ...... 10 FIGURE 2:BUSINESS MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK ...... 12 FIGURE 3: ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE ...... 17 FIGURE 4: TGS PROGRAM LOCATION MAP...... 26 FIGURE 5: ASGARD 1 WELLSITE (2012) ...... 28 FIGURE 6: VALHALLA NORTH 1 WELLSITE (SEPTEMBER 2014) ...... 29 FIGURE 7: INDICATIVE HF SPREAD (ASAGRD 1) ...... 32 FIGURE 8: RISK MITIGATION HIERARCHY ...... 43 FIGURE 9: INTEGRATED RISK MANAGEMENT ...... 59 FIGURE 10: EVENT REPORTING ...... 65
LIST OF TABLES TABLE 1: SUMMARY OF TGS ACTIVITIES ...... 9 TABLE 2: CORPORATE POLICY STATEMENTS ...... 11 TABLE 3: LEVEL 1 DOCUMENTS ...... 12 TABLE 4: HSSEMS DOCUMENTS ...... 13 TABLE 5: REFERENCE DOCUMENTS AND STANDARDS ...... 13 TABLE 6: LEGISLATION ...... 14 TABLE 7: OPERATIONAL STANDARDS ...... 15 TABLE 8: HSSE COMMUNICATION FRAMEWORK ...... 22 TABLE 9: HF EQUIPMENT ...... 30 TABLE 10: MILLING AND COMPLETION EQUIPMENT ...... 34 TABLE 11: CLEAN UP AND FLOW TESTING EQUIPMENT ...... 36 TABLE 12: BRU SUPPLIED EQUIPMENT ...... 37 TABLE 13: PROGRAM DOCUMENTS ...... 38 TABLE 14: TGS PROGRAM INSPECTIONS ...... 54 TABLE 15: FATIGUE MANAGEMENT GUIDANCE ...... 57 TABLE 16: REPORTABLE OCCURRENCES ...... 63 TABLE 17: AUDIT FREQUENCY ...... 67
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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Description This Health, Safety, Security, Environment Management System (HSSEMS), documents the site- specific procedures and controls for the safe and secure management of operations conducted as part of the Tight Gas Stimulation Program that will be carried out by Buru Energy Limited (BRU). Health, safety, security and environment management at the TGS Program is delivered under the BRU-wide Health Safety Security Environment (HSSE) Management Framework:
which describes our Business Management Framework for quality, health, safety, environment and operations integrity, summarised as follows:
isk assessment and continuous mitigation is at the very core of all elements of our business;
nvironmental protection and positive engagement with the communities within which we conduct our activities, will enable us to maintain our Social License to Operate and enhance our reputation.
afety comes first - delivery of a safe working environment takes precedence over other business considerations. Our employees are empowered and obligated to place safety first.
perational integrity is key component in meeting our stakeholders’ expectations and delivering a sustainable long term business model.
eadership by all - every person working for or with BRU has individual accountability to understand and execute their responsibilities under this programme.
nconditional support will be provided by management and the BRU Board to any individual who exercise his responsibilities under this programme.
echnology-led innovation is a key differentiator for BRU. Our equipment, services and capabilities will lead the industry in HSSE, quality assurance and operational performance standards.
xcellence is what we strive to deliver all aspects of our business.
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1.2. Purpose This HSSEMS forms part of the Buru Energy Limited Health, Safety and Security Emergency Management System. This system outlines the HSSEMS that will be implemented for the Tight Gas Stimulation Program (TGS Program). BRU has contracted a number of service providers to carry out the required scope of work for the project. The providers and scope of works are described in Section 1.3. All employees, contractors and visitors are expected to comply with the requirements of this HSSEMS. BRU will comply with its duties under Schedule 1 Division 2 Subdivision 1 of the Geothermal Energy Resources Act by implementing industry best practice operations and maintenance. Activities through each of these phases will be managed in accordance with this HSSEMS which detail BRU’s Polices to manage work place and operation safety.
1.3. Scope and Program Overview The technical objective of the TGS Program is to test the ability to flow gas and liquids from the Laurel Formation after hydraulic fracturing (HF). The TGS Program includes HF up to 13 stages in 2 wells, drilling out the composite plugs between each zone, and then flow testing the wells. Table 1 below provides the steps of the TGS Program. A detailed description of the scope of TGS Program is contained in the Design of Service (DOS) documents that should be read in conjunction with this HSSEMS.
Contractor Description
Hydraulic • Hydraulically fracture each nominated stage as per the Client’s design and instructions, Fracturing pumping the specified fluids, proppants and tracers. (including • Provide real-time pump monitoring during hydraulic fracturing operations. perforation) • During the night shift, maintain the Fracturing Spread and prepare for daytime fracturing operations using the Night Crew. • Dispose of any Contractor Supplied Chemicals not consumed during the campaign. • Mobilization, Inter-well moves and demobilization of the Fracturing Spread. • Load gun systems supplied by the Client. • Perform eight perforation clusters per nominated stage • Set a plug after the Hydraulic Fracturing Contractor has hydraulically fractured each nominated stage – typically at night but may be performed during the daytime, time permitting. • Provide a depth correlation report whenever perforating guns are run. • Mobilisation, inter-well moves and demobilization of the Hydraulic Fracturing Spread. • Contingent well clean-outs using coiled tubing. • Loading of proppant from storage areas into fracturing equipment. • Crane, loader and truck activities to support operations. • At the Operator’s request, provide nitrogen lift to the well(s) to assist flowback.
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Milling and • Mobilisation interwell moves and demobilization of a snubbing unit spread. completions • Rig up and down of the snubbing unit spread for well operations. • Milling plugs and cleaning out the wellbore while the well is on flowback • Pumping fluids such as brine and gel sweeps. • Running, setting and testing the well completion. • Crane, loader and truck activities to support operations. Flowback • Provide the Well Test Equipment and Well Test Personnel to facilitate contingent flowback in operations the event of screen out during fracturing operations, as well as flowback operations while milling plugs / cleaning out wellbores with a snubbing unit. • Provide the Well Test Equipment and Well Test Personnel to facilitate rate measurements of gas, water and oil/condensate during long term flowback of wells at each well site. • Undertake electronic and manual data recording at each well of: o well operational conditions (ie. choke settings); o rates/ volumes; o pressures; o temperature; and o fluid and gas characteristics. • Provide data visualisation to the Client at its Perth office. • Installation and maintenance of emergency shutdown devices. • Refuelling of site-based generators. • Site supervision to ensure testing activities are conducted in a safe and efficient manner. • Transport of all Well Test Equipment between point of origin and sites.
Miscellaneous • Onsite and accommodation support • Preparation and maintenance of sites and access and associated infrastructure • Transport of materials and goods to site to support ongoing operations • Micro seismic assessment • General duties at the site in support of operations
Table 1: Summary of TGS activities In parallel with the above program, a cement bond log and DFIT will be carried out on the Yulleroo 4 well. Each work package will be conducted by a nominated contractor. The HSSEMS bridges to each contractors Health, Safety and Environment Management Systems which are provided in Addendums 1-4 that will be implemented in as part of the TGS Program. Due to delays to the milling and completion stage of the activity, flow back and support operations will extend into the wet season.
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Figure 1: HSSEMS and Addendum Structure
The BRU HSSEMS has precedence for the implementation of Health and Safety systems to support the project. Formal well handovers will be carried out when there are major changes of activity, such as from hydraulic fracturing to snubbing. The BRU Onsite Company Representative (OCR) is responsible for control of wells at all times.
1.4. Performance Standards
Performance Standards which relate to this HSSEMS shall include: Lead Indicators: Reporting of all HSSE data on daily basis; Completion of detailed induction for all persons working on or visiting the TGS program; Completion of cultural heritage inductions relating to traditional ownership of the land on which the TGS Program takes place; Elimination of all HSSE accident events; Reporting of all incidents occurring at or in relation to the TGS Program; Engagement of all persons with the Affirmative Action Card (AAC) programme; Continuous improvement of this HSSEMS and related documents and procedures.
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Lag Indicators:
Zero targets for Lost Time Injury (LTI) and Medical Treatment Cases (MTC); 100% utilisation of on-site procedural controls (Permit to Work, Job Hazard Analysis, Emergency Drills, HSS Audits); Capture of incidents, learnings and recommendations in CGR Risk Management Database. These performance standards shall be incorporated in reporting systems and processes as defined in this document and related procedures. Contractors performance standards will meet or exceed these standards.
1.5. Retention of Records In accordance with Regulation 26 of the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy (Management of Safety) Regulations 2010, a copy of the HSSEMS will be retained by BRU for a period of five years from the acceptance of the HSSEMS by the Minister. Copies of audit report to the Minster and notifications of accidents or dangerous occurrences will also be retained for five years from the date of submission to the Minister.
1.6. BRU Business Management System Structure The diagram below represents the BRU Business Management Framework and where this HSSEMS sits within this Framework. The Operations Manager is the owner of this HSSEMS (Figure 2).
1.6.1.Corporate Policy Statements The following Corporate Policy Statements have been established and approved by the BRU Board of Directors and shall be displayed in appropriate locations during the TGS Program. They will be included in Induction Packs provided to all persons engaged to work at the TGS Program:
BRU DOCUMENT NAME BRU DOCUMENT NUMBER
Healthy and Safety Policy Statement BMF-HSE-POL_HSS_Policy Statement
Environmental Policy Statement BMF-HSE-POL_ENV_Policy Statement
Table 2: Corporate Policy Statements
These policy statements are provided in Appendix A of the HSSEMS, are available on the BRU portal and will be displayed at various locations at the TGS. Relevant contractor statements of Policy are referenced in the individual Addendums.
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Figure 2:Business Management Framework 1.6.2.Related Documents This HSSEMS has been developed in a manner consistent with and in reference to the following Level 1 documents:
BRU DOCUMENT NAME BRU DOCUMENT NUMBER
Quality Management System BRU-BMF-LEV1_Quality Management System
HSSE Management System BRU-BMF-LEV1_HSSE Management System
Asset Integrity Assurance Management System BRU-BMF-LEV1_AIA Management System
Table 3: Level 1 Documents The following documents relate directly to this HSSEMS.
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BRU DOCUMENT NAME BRU DOCUMENT NUMBER
Laurel Formation Tight Gas Pilot Exploration Program (TGS14) Environment HSE-PLN-017, Revision 4 Plan
Well Stimulation Environment Plan Bridging Document HSE-BDG-030
TGS Program Emergency Response Plan EP371-1501-FRAC-CAMP-PLN-ERP
TGS15 Program Buru Energy Hydraulic Fracturing Services Valhalla North 1 OP-BOD-004
TGS15 Program Buru Energy Hydraulic Fracturing Services Asgard 1 OP-BOD-003
TGS15 Milling, Completion, Clean up and Flow Testing Program Asgard 1 OP-BOD-007
TGS15 Milling, Completion, Clean up and Flow Testing Program Valhalla OP-BOD-008 North 1
Table 4: HSSEMS Documents
1.7. Reference Documents and Standards The following documents and standards have been referenced in generating this HSSEMS:
Reference Standard Code
Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources Act 1967 (PGERA67). Version 07-i0-01
WA DMP Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources (Management of Version 00-a0-01 Safety) Regulations 2010
WA DMP Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources (Occupational Safety Version 0-a0-02 and Health) Regulations 2010
ISO Standard for Risk Management – Principles and Guidelines AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009
Developing a safety management system (SMS) for a petroleum or geothermal August 2012 energy operation – guide
Table 5: Reference Documents and Standards
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1.8. Legislative Environment All activities conducted at or in conjunction with the TGS Program are governed by the following legislation:
STATE or RESPONSIBLE PARTY GOVERNING ACTS TERRITORY
Western Australia Department of Mines and Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources Act Petroleum 1967 (PGERA67).
Department of Mines and Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources Petroleum (Management of Safety) Regulations 2010
Department of Mines and Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources Petroleum (Occupational Safety and Health) Regulations 2010
Department of Mines and Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources Petroleum (Resource Management and Administration) Regulations 2015
Department of Mines and Dangerous Goods Safety (Explosives) Regulations Petroleum (2007).
Environmental Protection Authority, Environmental Protection Act (1986) Department of Environment Regulation
Department of Aboriginal Affairs Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972
COMMONWEALTH RESPONSIBLE PARTY GOVERNING ACTS
Department of Families, Housing, The Aboriginal Heritage Act 1972 (Heritage Act), Community Services and Commonwealth Native Title Act 1993. Federal Government Indigenous Affairs. Department of the Environment Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (the EPBC Act)
Table 6: Legislation
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1.9. Standards The TGS Program will be carried out in accordance with the following Industry-recognized standards:
Aspect Standard
Safe Working in Confined Spaces Australian Standard 2865 National Standard for Occupational Noise NOHSC: 2009 (2004) Procedures for the collection, detection and quantitation of drugs of Australian/New Zealand Standard abuse in urine and 4308:2008 Procedures for specimen collection and the detection and Australian Standard AS 4760 – 2006 quantitation of drugs in oral fluid. Fatigue Code of Practice Working Hours 2006 Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems AS/NZS 4801 Explosive Atmospheres – Classification of Areas – Explosive Gas AS/NZS 60079.10.1 Explosive Atmospheres – Electrical Protection by Intrinsic Safety “i” AS/NZS 60079.10.1 Risk Management ISO: 31000:2009 Pressure equipment - In-service inspection AS/NZS 3788 Pressure Equipment AS 1210 Electrical Installations AS / NZS 3000 Cranes, hoists and winches - Safe use AS 2550 Isolating Potential Flow Zones During Well Construction API Standard 65 Hydraulic Fracturing Operations— Well Construction and Integrity API Guidance Document HF1 Guidelines Water Management Associated with Hydraulic Fracturing API Guidance Document HF2 Practices for Mitigating Surface Impacts Associated with Hydraulic API Guidance Document HF3 Fracturing Wellheads and trees API Specification 6A Completion Tubulars API Specification 5CT Blowout Prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Wells API Standard 53 Drilling and Well Servicing Structure (Inspection and Maintenance) API RP 4G Steel Pipeline Pressure Testing API RP 1110 Process Piping ASME B31.3 Coiled Tubing Operations in Oil and Gas Well Services API RP 5C7 Inspection of Piping, Tubing, Valves and Fittings API RP 574
Table 7: Operational Standards
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2. DEFINING PRINCIPLES, ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
2.1. Defining Principles BRU believes in the following defining principles which underpin this HSSEMS: • BRU has a foremost duty of care to provide a safe, healthy and secure work environment for every employee and contractor, engaged in the performance of our activities; • BRU will deliver our activities in a sustainable manner which minimizes impact to the environment and the communities in which we operate; • Every employee and contractor engaged by BRU has a personal responsibility for proactive demonstration of leadership and commitment to this HSSEMS; • Every employee and contractor engaged by BRU is empowered to and responsible for immediately stopping any activity which they believe comprises a risk to themselves, the people they are working with, the environment in which they are working or potentially cause damage to assets owned by BRU or our clients. Contractors working for BRU will support these principles in the delivery of their work packages.
2.2. TGS Program Organisation Structure The Organisational Structure (Chain of Command) for the TGS Program is detailed in the figure below. Organisational Structure for the individual contractors are further detailed in Addendums 1-4. The following positions identified in the organisation chart have the stated explicit responsibilities as defined below. These responsibilities are further defined in the job descriptions for each role in the company.
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Figure 3: Organisational Structure
2.3. Responsibilities
2.3.1. Operations Manager/TGS Program Lead The Operations Manager/TGS Program Lead is the senior executive in BRU responsible for the safe, effective and environmentally responsible management of operations for the TGS Program. Responsibilities of the Operations Manager under this HSSEMS include:
• Lead by example of their commitment to and communication of the HSSE Policies of the Company;
• Provide unconditional support to any BRU person (staff or contractor) who exercises their responsibility under this HSSEMS;
• Develop processes required to ensure conformance to this HSSEMS necessary to manage the TGS Program;
• Contribute to the maintenance and continuous improvement of this HSSEMS;
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• Monitoring and report compliance and performance metrics of this HSSEMS to the BRU EXCO and Board of Directors;
• Ensure appropriate security systems and procedures are in place at the TGS Program to protect people, the environment and assets and prevent unauthorized person from entering the facility or related elements;
• Ensure an effective equipment and asset integrity maintenance programme is in place to ensure effective preventative maintenance of physical assets owned and operated by BRU;
• Effectively and continually communicating to all persons involved in operations at the TGS Program their responsibilities under this HSSEMS.
2.3.2. Laurel Gas Engineering Advisor The Laurel Gas Engineering Advisor is an advisor to the TGS Program Lead responsible for the technical basis of design of the project. Responsibilities of the Laurel Gas Engineering Advisor under this TGS Program HSSEMS include:
• Work with geological team, JV and management to ensure there is alignment on the technical objective;
• Provide details on project scope for inclusion in HSSEMS, environmental and operational processes;
• Provide input to operations on design requirements during planning stage to scope material, equipment and personnel requirements;
• Work with operations team to ensure technical objectives are taken into account during and implementation;
• Management of change – review and advise on operational changes to achieve technical objectives;
• Recommend and source appropriate services to complete evaluation requirements;
• Provide evaluation oversight and summarize key findings compared to project objectives.
2.3.3. TGS Project Coordinator The TGS Project Coordinator is the office-field interface responsible for ensuring the safe, effective and environmentally responsible management of day to day operations at the TGS Program. Responsibilities of the TGS Project Coordinator under this TGS Program HSSEMS include:
• Lead by example of their commitment to and communication of the HSSE Policies of the Company;
• Establish and maintain a strong HSSE culture where all HSSE incidents are reported no matter how seemingly trivial;
• Provide unconditional support to any BRU person (staff or contractor) who exercises their responsibility under this HSSEMS;
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• Ensure all persons engaged in activities at the TGS Program or in support of the TGS Program are fully inducted and aware of their responsibilities under this HSSEMS;
• Review and assess the daily performance metrics for the TGS Program;
• Develop and maintain appropriate competencies for persons involved in operations at the TGS Program;
• Develop and maintain detailed Standard Work Procedures for activities conducted frequently at the TGS Program;
• Ensure appropriate Incident investigations are conducted in response to Initial Incidents Reports;
• Ensure that appropriate emergency response drills are conducted in accordance with this HSSEMS and that personnel are trained to develop competence in Emergency Response;
• Contribute to the maintenance and continuous improvement of this HSSEMS;
• Regularly audit compliance of personnel against the responsibilities of this HSSEMS.
2.3.4. BRU Onsite Company Representative (OCR) The BRU OCR is responsible for the safe, effective and environmentally responsible management of day to day operations at TGS. Specific responsibilities include:
• Lead by example of their commitment to and communication of the HSSE Policies of the Company;
• Lead by example in reporting all HSSE incidents;
• Provide unconditional support to any BRU person (staff or contractor) who exercises their responsibility under this HSSEMS;
• Conduct inductions for all persons involved in operations or activities at the TGS Program;
• Development, and implementation with the Project team and Contractors of the Permit to Work;
• Act as the Wellsite Permit Authority for the wellsite.
• Monitor, record and report the daily performance metrics for the TGS Program;
• Responsible for well control during the Program.
• Assist Production Shift Operators to develop and maintain appropriate competencies for operations at the TGS Program;
• Contribute to the development and maintenance of detailed Standard Work Procedures for activities conducted frequently at the TGS Program;
• Ensure that HSSE messages, alerts and incident report findings are discussed with all personnel at the TGS Program. A day OCR and a night OCR will be present at the TGS Program to supervise BRU and contractor operations. The OCR has final say and responsibility for activities during the Program.
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2.3.5. Service Company Site Supervisors Service Company Site Supervisors (SCSS) are responsible for the safe, effective and environmentally responsible operation of equipment at the TGS Program. Further detail on the responsibilities of Site Supervisors is contained Addendums 1-4. Generally responsibilities include:
• Establish and maintain a strong HSSE culture where all HSSE incidents are reported no matter how seemingly trivial;
• Provide unconditional support to any of their personnel who exercises their responsibility under this HSSEMS;
• Work with the OCR to deliver each work package in a safe and with minimal environmental impact;
• Ensure all persons engaged in activities at the TGS Program or in support of the TGS Program are fully inducted and aware of their responsibilities under this HSSEMS;
• Develop and maintain detailed Standard Work Procedures for activities as part of their work package for the TGS Program;
• Ensure that HSSE messages, alerts and incident report findings are discussed with all personnel at the TGS Program.
• Ensure appropriate Incident investigations are conducted in response to Initial Incidents Reports and liaise with BRU personnel to close out Incident Investigations;
• Ensure that appropriate emergency response drills are conducted in accordance with this HSSEMS and that personnel are trained to develop competence in Emergency Response;
• Regularly audit compliance of personnel against the responsibilities of this HSSEMS.
2.3.6. Contractors A wide range of contractors will be engaged in the operations and activities performed at the TGS Program. Detailed responsibilities of contractors are included in Addendum 1-4. General responsibilities of these personnel are as follows:
• Lead by example in protecting their own wellbeing and that of their fellow workers;
• Lead by example in the protection of the environment and maintaining a clean and tidy work place;
• Lead by example in reporting all HSSE incidents;
• If in doubt about the safe execution of any activity at the TGS Program, immediately cease work and seek advice from BRU personnel;
• Provide unconditional support to any colleague (staff or contractor) who exercises their responsibility under this HSSEMS;
• Participate in all HSSE meetings, JHAs and emergency drills as required under this HSSEMS;
• Actively participate in the BRU Affirmative Action Card programme;
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• Do not perform tasks for which they do not have the required competencies;
• Develop and maintain Standard Work Procedures for activities conducted frequently at the TGS Program on behalf of their organization;
• Read all HSSE messages, alerts and incident report findings presented at the TGS Program.
2.3.7. Visitors Visitors may attend the TGS Program from time to time and may include:
• BRU Directors and non-operational management;
• Joint Venture partners;
• Representatives from government agencies;
• Local community stakeholders;
• Traditional Owners;
• Senior contractor representatives. Such visits will be planned through TGS Program Lead. Controls in place to protect the wellbeing of visitors when visiting the TGS Program include:
• All visitors must attend the Visitor Induction and sign-off on their understanding of the induction pack;
• Will be provided with and must wear appropriate personal protection equipment;
• Must be accompanied by the OCR or delgate at all times during the visit;
• Must operate under instruction of the visit Guide at all times.
2.3.8. TGS Program Resourcing The TGS Project Coordinator, OCRs and SCSS have ownership of the TGS Program HSSEMS at field-level. This group is responsible for:
• Maintenance of the TGS Program Risk Register in CGR;
• Identifying, assessing and recommending improvements to this HSSEMS and TGS Program EP;
• Ensuring effective communication of HSSE information to TGS Program personnel;
• Recommending initiatives to improve the site HSSE culture and performance metrics;
• Providing recommendations for training and competency development for field-based personnel.
2.4. Communication of HSSE and Risk Information A detailed site-based HSSE and Risk communication framework will be developed by the Operations Team. At minimum this framework will consider:
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Type/Format Distribution/Attendance Frequency
TGS Program Induction Programme All BRU personnel and On initial engagement. contractors working on or in When significant upgrades to the TGS relation to the TGS Program Program and this documentation occur Weekly TGS Program HSSE Report All site-based personnel Weekly Monthly HSSE Report and YTD Stats All site-based personnel Monthly Event Reports (Incidents/Accidents) All site-based personnel On occurrence for Event management. As investigation reports are completed and approved for release. HSE Alert Bulletins All site-based personnel and On occurrence and as approved for Level 1 – Awareness/Information contractor offices release by Operations Manager. Level 2 – Serious Level 2 – Critical/Immediate External Party HSSE Bulletins All site-based personnel and As received. contractor offices Changes to this HSSEMS, related As completed and approved for release. documents or SWPs. Permit to Work preparation All site-based personnel Per tour Pre-tour Meetings All site-based personnel Per tour/shift Well handover meetings BRU Site Supervisors Per handover of well Handover Meetings and Journals Between personnel Crew Change At-Site Job Hazard Analysis Meetings All involved personnel Prior to each significant task or SWP. Affirmative Action Cards All site-based personnel Review and discuss at weekly HSSE Meeting TGS Program Emergency Response All site-based personnel As defined in TGS Program Emergency Drills Response Plan.
Table 8: HSSE Communication Framework
2.5. HSS Data Records BRU will at minimum record the following data for analysis and identification of improvement opportunities for this HSSEMS:
Man-hours worked per reporting period and year to date (YTD);
Event (Incident or Accident) Reports including breaches of security;
First aid treatment;
Medical Treatment Cases;
Restricted Work Cases and Return to Work Cases;
Non-work Related Injuries;
Lost Time Injuries;
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Fatalities; and
Total Recordable Case Frequency. This information is collated as part of the TGS program and consolidated in the HSSE Database. Records of incident and audits will be retained for the statutory period required by DMP regulation. Petroleum Occurrence Report Forms will be emailed to [email protected] by BRU. All accidents and dangerous occurrences will be reported to DMP by BRU as required by Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources Act 1967.
2.5.1. Lead Indicators Lead indicators are those data which provide a proactive approach to HSSE culture and enable implementation of controls before the occurrence of events. Lead indicators used by BRU to promote a proactive HSSE culture include:
• Incidents which do not result in events;
• Affirmative action cards recorded and processed;
• Recommendations for improvements to this HSSEMS.
2.5.2. Lag Indicators Lag indicators record the outcomes of HSSE events and the severity of each event. Elimination of lag indicators is the goal of this HSSEMS. Lag Indicators include:
• LTIs, MTCs;
• Releases of hazardous substances to the environment;
• Negative engagement with community members;
• Issue Motivated Group (IMG) action that delays operations;
• Cultural heritage incident. Contractors engaged by BRU will meet at minimum the lead and lag indicators that are described above.
2.6. Competence of Personnel Training and Competency Development is an important component of this HSSEMS. Section 5 provides details of the TGS Program HSS Training and Competency Development requirements, and reference to the Contractor Addendums that detail contractor processes.
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2.7. Sufficient Resources The TGS Project Coordinator is responsible for identifying appropriate resources (personnel, equipment and materials) to ensure the safe and effective operation of the TGS Program. The TGS Project Lead will make recommendations to the BRU Executive Management Committee for such resource requirements.
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3. TGS PROGRAM OPERATING ENVIRONMENT AND ACTIVITIES
3.1. Asgard 1 and Valhalla North 1 wells In November 2014, the following scope of work was completed on Asgard 1 and Valhalla North 1, confirming well integrity for hydraulic fracture stimulation operations: • Existing well trees were changed out to fracture stimulation trees (7-1/16’ x 10,000psi); • Pressure tests conducted on wellhead to 10,000psi; • The existing KCl polymer in the well bore was displaced with 2%NaCl brine utilising coil; • Pressure tested casing to 10,000psi; • Performed Diagnostic Fracture Injection Tests (DFIT) on VN1 and Asgard-1. Evaluation confirmed frac gradients of 1 psi/ft; • Microseismic monitoring was employed through DFIT’s and no induced seismic was detected. Cement Bond logs were run on Valhalla North-1 and Asgard-1. The CBL’s demonstrated improvement on the original logs and confirmed good cement bond over and above the intended HF targets. The presence of ample cement and positive casing pressure test provides confidence in well integrity and HF effectiveness.
3.2. Yulleroo 4 well The Yulleroo 4 well has been cased, cemented and pressure tested when bumping the top plug whilst cementing the 140mm (5.5”) production casing. The well is not yet perforated and a standard CBL has already been run after cementing the production casing. Good returns were noted during cementing and as such the primary barrier will be casing integrity. The second barrier consists of a fluid system consisting of 1.64 SG (13.7ppg) mud system providing high hydrostatic pressure. The 140mm (5.5”) production casing has been tested to 34.4MPa (5,000psi). The well is currently suspended with a pressure tested tubing hanger and two-way check valve (TWCV) installed in the tubing hanger spool (C Section).
3.3. Climate The climate of the activity areas varies from semi-arid to dry tropical with distinct wet and dry periods. Annual average annual total rainfall is 600-900 mm and annual evaporation of approximately 2,400 mm. Over 75% of the average annual rainfall falls from January to March associated with thunderstorms and tropical lows or cyclones. From March to November a pronounced dry season occurs with on average, a total of 20 mm of rain. The median rainfall for the months of July to October is zero. Longer dry periods of over 12 months are associated with no wet season.
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Figure 4: TGS Program Location map
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3.4. TGS Program Facility Description
3.4.1. Lease The Valhalla North 1 and Asgard 1 leases underwent comprehensive civil engineering in 2014 designed to provide adequate infrastructure necessary for the proposed TGS Program. Field site inspections have been ongoing and will continue to ensure the lease is maintained to an acceptable standard right up until the activities commence. A flowback and a HF fluid retention pond were excavated and lined with high density polyethylene geomembranes. Pond 1 has a volume of 12,190m3 and Pond 2 has a volume of 19,271m3. These ponds are fitted with fauna proof fencing spanning the perimeter of each pond. Each pond also has a fauna egress to provide egress for fauna. Dirt ramps have been compacted and constructed on each pond for safe access up to the crest of the ponds. A steel reinforced concrete flare pit has been constructed adjacent to reservoir pond 2 with overflow pipes in embedded in the top of the pit and spanning across to the adjacent reservoir. The rectangular pit has dimensions of 30 m x 6 m x 2 m and is designed to contain a large flare whilst able to capture 360m3 of flowback fluid before overflow into reservoir 2. The flare pit is located further than 45 m from the wellhead outside of the hazardous zone. The leases are fenced and gated. A fire break of 5 meters extends beyond this fence line. Access to leases is provided by purpose built gravel access tracks. These are regularly maintained and will be maintained prior to the TGS Program. Aerial photos of the wellsites are shown below.
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Figure 6: Valhalla North 1 wellsite (September 2014)
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3.4.2. HF Spread The HF equipment requirements are detailed below:
Unit Quantity Specs
High Pressure Pump 16 2500 BHP (2250HHP) Units Blender 2 120 bpm, 4 LA pumps, 1 DA Hydration Unit 1 100 bpm, 2 LA pumps. 200 bbl Sand Dragon 2 2800 cu.ft Fuel Truck 1 4200 L Capacity Data Van/Lab 1 - Pump Manifold 1 15,000 psi x 14 stations HF Tank 2 500 bbl Chemical Additive Unit 1 10 LA pumps Smoko Van 1 - Tool Container 1 - Cement Pump Unit 1 400 HHP Sand loader (Emu) 1 Acid Mixing Tank 1 6000 L Flat Bed Trailer 3 Drop Deck Trailer 3 Loader 1 Forklift 1 Prime Mover 6 Crew Vehicle 6 Flanged HF Head 1 7.1/16” 10M 4-ports Flanged Gate valves 4 3.1/16” 10M + x-overs 3” 1502 Suction and discharge hoses Auxiliary equipment Chemical additive hoses HP treating iron
Table 9: HF Equipment
The HF spread has been laid out to ensure operations can be carried out an efficient and safe manner. The proposed layout in Figure 7 has a sand storage area adjacent to the sand dragons to allow ease in transfer for sand loading. Similarly the chemical storage bund is positioned in close proximity to the blender where it will be consumed. All storage areas have been positioned a safe distance from the flare pit to ensure no hazards arise from the flare. Fracturing pumps and equipment have been positioned close to the wellhead whilst still allowing for sufficient space to refuel, load sand and transfer chemicals. Diesel fuel storage will be a double bunded 50 kL tank located outside of the hazardous zones of the well head.
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Equipment and consumable materials will be delivered to the well sites during daylight hours throughout the TGS Program. Consumables will include:
Diesel; HF sand and chemicals; Equipment and spares. Transport to the well sites will be via third party contractors. Traffic management will be controlled by the OCR or a delegate in line with BRU’s Traffic Management Procedure (HSE-PRO-002).
3.4.3. Perforation Plug and Perforating activities will be conducted prior to fracturing each HF zone. General sequence of operations will be to conduct a drift run to confirm clear access to plug setting depth, run bridge plug to isolate previous stage and then perforate the next zone in preparation for fracturing treatment. Zones will be perforated using select firing whereby multiple guns can be deployed in one run and each gun fired selectively at the appropriate depth therefore reducing the risk of numerous wireline runs. The proposed select fire system is digitally controlled and each uniquely addressed switch only allows the passage of electrical current once it has received the correct control address. This safety barrier coupled with the use of Radio Safe Detonators reduces the risk of accidental detonation. Equipment required on site includes:
Combined electric line/slickline logging truck with integral data acquisition system; 10k psi rated Wellhead pressure control equipment for lubricating in all wireline assemblies; Perforating Gun assemblies with each individual gun assembly being 102mm diameter, 1.22m in length and loaded to fire a 0.5m to 0.6m interval; Plug setting equipment; Dedicated workshop container;
Approved Explosives transport magazines. Explosives storage onsite will be in approved transport magazines, segregated accordingly and located in a designated area away from personnel and other activities. Perforating guns will be loaded in daylight hours in a designated, cordoned off area by approved and competent personnel. Guns will not be fully armed (detonators installed and connected electrically and ballistically) until prior to running in hole and once all safety barriers are confirmed to be in place. During wireline operations only essential personnel will be allowed within the work area to minimize risk to personnel.
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Figure 7: Indicative HF Spread (Asagrd 1)
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3.4.4. Milling and Completion The primary operational objectives of the milling and completion program are:
Mill out all bridge plugs and prepare the wellbore for the completion; Run a spectrascan, which will allow assessment of HF placement and performance of the stimulation program;
• Run the 2-3/8” dual packer, selective completion. This will allow both commingled and separate assessment of the HF packages; Reconfigure the downhole flow control tools using slickline, to separately determine the performance of the wet gas package and / or dry gas package as required by sub-surface team. Nitrogen will be on standby during the clean-up and flowback operations as a contingency to lift the well if there is difficulty flowing back HF fluid, or the well is loading up with produced water. A slickline unit will also be available for configuration of the completion flow controls. Twenty four hour operations will be carried out and will primarily utilize a hydraulic jack type snubbing unit. Equipment to support milling and completion activities will include:
Item Quantity Description
Hydraulic work over unit 1 Trailer mounted 340k Hydraulic hose extension kit 1 50 Ft High pressure Kelly hose 1 2”, X 60 ft. 10 m 2" high pressure circulating swivel 1 10 m 2" high pressure iron package 1 500 ft. 15 m with swing and integral 90’s 2” X 2” high pressure plug valves 1 15 m with check valves 13x 5 valve 2” pump manifold 1 15 m 2" X 1”, 5 valve choke manifold 1 With 2 manual adjustable 1” chokes 15 m 3000 Psi accumulator unit 1 6 station, 130 gal. with remote panel
Accumulator coflex 1” hoses with 1 connections 4 1/2” eckel UHT tongd with back ups, 1 Includes back up tong 630 hp Detroit powerpack with standby 1 Trailer mounted 60 series powerpack 540 hp power pack 7 1/16” 15m snubbing stack 7 Includes 5 m annular. Option guide ram
2 1/16” 15M manual gate valves 2
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Item Quantity Description
2 1/16” 15m HCR 2 Air compressor, 185 CFM 2 One stand by
High pressure grease gun 1
Test pump 20m with chart recorder 1
Sale fall arrest devices 4
Sale anti-fall devices 4
High torque wrench with multiples heads 1 For HWO unit, with r each lighting per 4 Anchor guide wire support system anchor
950 CAT loader with bucket and forks 1
Generator 200 KVA with back up 1 generator
Crew vehicles 3
HSE/ tea shack 1 Utility skid 1 Includes water, 50 kva generator Sewage treatment plant 1 Ozzy Clean Satellite communication system. 1 Includes data EX rates light, 1 10 per set on snubbing unit Communication IECEX radios 1 Includes extra batteries Main diesel tank 1 4 kL Standby diesel tank 1 4.7 kL Bulk oil tank 1 Contains all lubricant oils and 3 kL diesel 5 ton single joint elevators 3 2-7/8” or 2-3/8” Includes cat walk, pipe rack and 6 bank 1 Special built BOP trailer accumulator unit w/dolly Special built quick 340 jack trailer 1 Includes pivot stand and dolly Table 10: Milling and completion equipment 3.4.5.Clean up and flow testing The objective of the clean up activity will be to remove the debris from the well following milling operations. This would include sand, bridge plug material and HF fluid recovery. Once the well’s flow profile has stabilized, flow testing will commence. Production from the wells will be comingled from the well zones. Flow testing will be carried out on each well site, with twenty four hour supervision in place.
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Monitoring equipment is comprised of manual and automated pressure relief and shut down devices which are controlled by calibrated pressure detection pilots and fusible shut down circuits, supplemented by electronic monitoring with freely configurable alarms and real time erosion and pipeline velocity monitoring. ‘HiLo’ pilots are installed at various points within the well test system pipework, while manual ESD stations are placed at appropriate locations around the well site and are connected to the SSV (Surface Safety Valve). This combination of systems allow the well to be shut in within 10 seconds and all well site conditions are able to be monitored remotely. The system is rigorously set up with all pressure relief and monitoring devices calibrated yearly and on site ESD function checks conducted prior to commencement of any flow period. Equipment to support clean up and flow testing activities will include:
Item Quantity Description
Surface Safety 1 10,000psi, 350F, API6A, Sour Service, Fail Safe Valve 3” 1502 Pipework 1 10,000psi, 350F, Sour Service, c/w Line Restraint, blocks and elbows 2” 1502 Pipework 1 10,000psi, 350F, Sour Service, c/w Line Restraint, blocks and elbows Plug Catcher 1 10,000psi, 350F, Sour Service, Twin Barrel Manifold 2” 1502 Choke 1 10,000psi, 350 deg F, ASME B31.3 Manifold Data headers 2 10,000psi, 350 deg F, ASME B31.3 Separator 1 1440psi, 350F, 3 Phase, ASME B31.3 Gauge Tank 1 100bbl Twin Compartment, AS/NZS Compliant Transfer Pump 2 Air operated, include check valves Transfer Hoses 1 3”, 100m total length in various lengths Chemical Injection 1 For gas hydrate inhibitor Pump ESD System for 1 Air actuated, 4 stations, fail safe SSV Electronic Data 1 Real-time, AS/NZS Compliant, 5sec sample rate Acquisition System Analogue Data 1 Chart recorders, pressure and temperature gauges Acquisition System Sampling 1 Gas Graviometer, Ph, Chlorides, Fluid S.G., Sample manifolds and Package BS&W Well Test Cabin 1 Facilitate analysis of samples and data acquisition Erosion 1 Pressure indicating erosion probes Monitoring Thickness 1 Ultrasonic thickness tester with calibration block Monitoring
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Radios 1 Hazardous Area Compliant, AS/NZS60079 Spill Clean Up Kit 1 Handle up to 500L of fluid spillage
Gas Detector 1 LEL, C02, H2S, O2 Fire Extinguishers 4 Powder Fire Extinguisher ABE Air Compressors 1 To power instrumentation, ESD system and power tools as required Light Towers 4 As required for night operations Crew Vehicle 1 Fuel Storage Tank 1 5000l c/w mechanical pump Generator 1 To power Well Test Cabin, Data Acquisition System and other equipment
Table 11: Clean up and flow testing equipment 3.4.6. Yulleroo 4 Activities The two main objectives of the Yulleroo 4 activities are to firstly to fully evaluate the cement zonal isolation behind the 140mm (5.5”) casing and secondly to obtain pressure and fracture gradient information within the lower Laurel formation. The sequence of operations will involve replacing the existing suspension flange with a 7 1/16” 10M wellhead prior to wireline operations commencing. After the wellhead has been fully pressure tested, a wireline drift run will be made to the plug back total depth of ~3817m MDRT. This run will include a memory downhole pressure gauge to obtain an accurate reading of hydrostatic pressure.
Cement evaluation tools will then be ran which consist of a Cement Bond Log (CBL) for conventional cement bond and cement-to-formation information and an Ultrasonic Radial Scanner (URS) for detailed casing-to-cement information and detection of cement channels. The cement evaluation data will be sent to Perth and reviewed prior to the next phase of the operation commencing. Based on adequate cement zonal isolation being in place, the well will then be perforated across the proposed interval 3806.6 – 3807.1mMDRT with 6 holes. A diagnostic fracture injectivity test (DFIT) will then be performed which involves pumping approximately 2-3 barrels of inhibited brine at a controlled rate of 1-2 barrels per minute until formation breakdown occurs. After breakdown, pumping continues at a controlled rate for 2-3 minutes with the total volume being pumped in the order of 2-6bbls. The well is then instantaneously shut in at the wellhead and the pressure decline recorded on a high resolution digital pressure gauge. After the pressure decline information has been recorded the well will be suspended with a TWCV installed in the tubing hanger. Yulleroo 4 operations will be supported from Broome, and will not require onsite accommodation.
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3.4.7. Camps and supporting equipment Two camps will be require to support the TGS Program. The main camp will be located at the Valhalla 2 wellsite. The majority of personnel (up to a maximum of 73 pax) will be accommodated at the camp. A secondary camp (of up to 35 pax) will be located at Asgard 1 well site. The camp will be located outside of the fenced area on previously cleared hardstand. The camp will be located in excess of 90 m from the Asgard 1 wellhead (Figure 7). As manning levels reduce during the TGS Program, this 35 pax camp will be replaced by a 13 pax camp. Both camps will have kitchen, crib and ablutions at site suitable to meet the manning requirements. Bottled water will be supplied onsite to meet potable needs. Bore water will be used for non-potable activities. Waste water will be treated by onsite waste water treatment plants and disposed by a sprinkler system. A paramedic and ambulance will be onsite for the duration of the HF program and snubbing. First aid trained personnel will be identified at site by a register in the OCR office and crib rooms. Figure 7 shows the hazardous zones during HF. The camp at Asgard 1 will be located outside the fenced area. Support plant, equipment and vehicles for all stages will be located at previously cleared laydown areas. Designated parking areas will be located at the camps sites for light vehicles. The TGS Program will be a 24 hour operation. The majority of personnel will be located at the Valhalla 2 location. Personnel will commute to the Valhalla North 1 or Asgard well sites in buses with a light vehicle escort during crew change. Dedicated drivers will be employed to reduce fatigue risks. All routine transfer of crews will take place in daylight hours. Activities at the wellsites will require the movement of personnel and equipment. Access will be via existing access tracks and Shire roads. Speed limits are specified by signage and road conditions will be discussed prior to journeys commencing, including changing crew during night time hours. The following BRU supplied equipment will also be on site during operations.
Item Quantity Description
Sand/proppant Diesel tank, 2 50 kL diesel tank Crane 2 100 tonne and 200 tonne rated Loader 1 924 CAT Elevated work platform 1 Accommodation camps 1 x 73 person capacity 2 1 x 35 person capacity Crew vehicles 6 Bus for crew moves 2 30 seater Ambulance 1 HF tanks 4 500 bbl Site offices 6 Nitrogen tank 1 4,000 Gallon Lighting towers 4 Table 12: BRU supplied equipment
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With the extension of the clean up and flowback component of the TGS Program into the wet season, crew change to the Asgard 1 and Valhalla North 1 wellsites may be required by light vehicle, helicopter or a combination of the two. Helicopter transport will only be undertaken in the event weather conditions prevent light vehicle access to the wellsites. A single helicopter, up 5 passenger capacity, will mobilise crew to the wellsites at shift change. All flying operations will be in daylight hours, to designated helicopter landing sites adjacent the well sites. Personnel will be flown from the Valhalla 2 camp site or mobilised from Fitzroy Crossing airport.
3.5. TGS Program Operating Model BRU is the nominated Operator of the TGS Program and key personnel will be BRU employees. Contractors will be engaged to undertake specific work programs to deliver the TGS Program. Addendums 1-4 describe in detail the H&S management systems and process that will be implemented specific to the contractor work programs.
3.6. Existing Environment Surrounding TGS Program The Laurel Formation Tight Gas Pilot Exploration Program Environment Plan (HSE-PLN-017) and the Well Stimulation Environment Plan Bridging Document (HSE-BDG-030) describes in detail the environmental values and significant features around the TGS Program.
3.7. Operations and Activities Undertaken at the TGS Program The types of operations covered by this HSSEMS are described in Section 1.3 of this document and in detailed in the following documentation:
BRU DOCUMENT NAME BRU DOCUMENT NUMBER
TGS15 Program Buru Energy Hydraulic Fracturing Services Valhalla North 1 OP-BOD-004
TGS15 Program Buru Energy Hydraulic Fracturing Services Asgard 1 OP-BOD-003
TGS 15 Milling, Completion, Clean up and Flow Testing Program Asgard 1 OP-BOD-007
TGS 15 Milling, Completion, Clean up and Flow Testing Program Valhalla North 1 OP-BOD-008
Yulleroo 4 Cement Evaluation OP-PGM-025
Table 13: Program Documents The following activities with associated Occupational Health and Safety considerations which may be required to support any of the field operations outlined above include: • Working with high pressure; • Hazardous goods handling; • Remote journey management;
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• Crew change by helicopter; • Working at heights; • Mobile plant and machinery; • Heavy lifting and crane operations; • Confined space entry; • Welding and hot work; • Working with electrical equipment; • Working with explosives; • High noise environment; • Extreme temperature work environment; • Excavations; • Fire Hazards; • General PPE; • Working around Fauna; • Food safety. In additional to hazards specifically associated with the TGS Program, occupational health and safety hazards associated with these activities have been assessed in the risk assessment and controls implemented which are defined in this HSSEMS and related Standard Work procedures (SWPs).
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4. IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND CONTINUOUS MITIGATION OF RISK
4.1. Description of Process In preparing this HSSEMS, BRU has undertaken rigorous risk assessments of the TGS Program and related activities using the Industry-recognised best practices and in accordance with AS 31000:2009.
4.2. Major Accident Events In the process of conducting the risk assessment for the TGS Program the potential for the following Major Accident Events (MAEs) was considered. MAEs Potentially Impacting the TGS Program: • Loss of control while driving to/from site and Vehicle movements to/from camp and between well-sites; • Ballistic Arming of explosive device; • Fire at the well sites and in the vicinity of the accommodation camps; • Accident during helicopter operations. Through the comprehensive risk assessment processes and identification of implemented control measures, BRU has reduced the potential of any of these identified MAEs to ALARP levels.
4.3. Structure of Risk Assessment Procedure
4.3.1. Involvement of Members of Workforce In order to ensure effective identification, awareness and ranking of risks, assessment of approved controls and consideration of field-based issues the following representatives from the BRU and contractor operations team attended the workshops:
• Operations Manager;
• TGS Project Coordinator;
• Field Engineer;
• Laurel Gas Engineering Advisor;
• OCR;
• HSSE Lead;
• Environment Manager; The following external contractors:
• Operations Manager;
• General Manager HSEQ;
• Field Coordinator;
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• Wireline Manager;
• Foreign District Manager
• Field HSSE Advisor;
• Well Test Manager;
• Chief pilot – Helicopter provider Verification of attendance at the various workshops is included in Appendix B. The risk register for the TGS Program is a live document and will be continually assessed and upgraded on a regular basis with inputs from field and incident investigations during the operations phase.
4.3.2. Risk Assessment Process BRU undertakes a formal risk assessment process in the following manner:
• Engage workforce members to identify hazards associated with the TGS Program;
• Log these identified hazards in the risk register and review the probable causes of identified hazards;
• Assess the inherent risk level of those hazards (probability x consequence) assuming no controls are in place;
• Determine if any Major Accident Events are possible;
• Establish what current controls are in place and assess the effectiveness of those controls;
• Identify further controls which if effectively applied can drive residual risks to ALARP levels;
• Re-assess the residual risk (probability x consequence) of the hazard with controls in place;
• Consider the consequence in event the approved controls fail;
• Establish mitigating controls to be in place to diminish the consequence and likelihood of escalation. An extract of the current Risk Register and breakdown of the highest level residual risks are included in Appendix C.
4.3.3. Risk Register Consolidation Each contractor for the major work programs as part of TGS provided their risk registers for the activities to be conducted. These are detailed in Addendum 1-4. These risks have been uploaded into the CGR Risk software to allow comparison and update of risk as the Program is implemented.
4.3.4. Review of Risk Registers and identification of MAE The TGS Program Risk Register was reviewed in June 2015 by a multi-disciplinary team with representatives from each major contractor. Risks were assessed using the BRU Risk Matrix to ensure a common assessment of risk. MAE’s were identified during this process.
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4.3.5. Fracturing a well on Paper A Fracturing a Well on Paper (FWOP) was run in August 2015 prior to mobilisation to further detail the any issues or controls required for the TGS Program.
4.3.6. Wet Season Support The TGS risk register was reviewed in December 2015 to consider the impact of ongoing operations into the wet season. This included the inclusion of regular transport to the well sites by helicopter and/or light vehicle from Valhalla 2.
4.4. Risk Register Link The current TGS Program Risk Register is available via the following link: https://buruenergy.cgrfoundation.com/en/projects/54fd2cf8cf98a3c40c000003
4.5. Review Frequency of Risk Register As a minimum the TGS Program Risk Register will be reviewed and as necessary updated as indicated below: • To include learning and recommendations of investigations into high potential incidents on a case by case basis; • Where Affirmative Action Cards identify high potential hazards; • Changes of operations or equipment that may impact the potential for MAE’s;
4.6. Management of Change Through the TGS Program there may be the requirement that changes to equipment, additional equipment and/or improvements to work procedures will be identified and recommended. Where such changes are recommended, a management of technical change protocol will be implemented which will enable the following: • Identification of potential hazards associated with the proposed change; • Assessment and ranking of risks associated with those hazards; • Identification and assessment of possible alternative solutions; • Quantified cost-risk benefit analysis to identify the preferred solution;
4.7. Risk Mitigation Hierarchy Risk mitigation is the process by which BRU implements controls to reduce the risk at the TGS Program. BRU and its contractors apply the following risk mitigation control hierarchy when determining appropriate risk mitigation controls:
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Increasing effectiveness Administration
PPE
Figure 8: Risk Mitigation Hierarchy
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5. TGS PROGRAM APPROVED RISK CONTROLS Following the formal risk assessment a summary of the key risks and controls in place for all operations and activities to be conducted during the TGS Program is given below.
5.1. TGS Program Security Protocols (overall) In order to protect the TGS Program and the personnel working there, the following security measures are in place: • Gated and fenced facility; • Signage on access track and at the wellsites; • 24 hour Manned operations; • Manned security stations on access tracks and wellsites; • Regular checks by Rangers during flow testing; • Security officers; • Liaison with WA Police; • TGS Program Security plan.
5.2. Driving to and from site (overall) Driving has been identified as a potential MAE for activities related to the TGS Program. Key controls that are in place for the Program are: • Central location of accommodation camps to minimise site transits; • All routine transfer of crews from the project areas will take place in daylight hours; • Buses for crew to limit vehicle movements; • Specific Journey Management Controls for night time crew changes; • Maintenance to access tracks prior to operations; • Liaison with Shire of Derby-West Kimberley on Noonkanbah Road maintenance; • Satellite phone communication along access tracks; • Travel Management Plan; • Signage detailing speed limits; • Site Inductions including reference to SIMOPs as required; • TGS Program Emergency Response Plan (ERP).
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5.3. Fire (overall)
Fire at the well sites and in the vicinity of the accommodation camps has been identified as a potential MAE for the TGS Program. Key controls in place to control fire include: • Effective housekeeping; • Concrete flare pit with overflow; • Propane pilot and spark ignition back up; • Emergency Shutdown Devices; • Hazardous zone compliance; • SWPs; • Permit to Work; • Designated Hot works area; • Fire extinguishers and suppression equipment; • Bushfire Plan; • Properly constructed and maintained firebreaks; • Well site and camp cleared of as much potential flammable material as practicable; • Ongoing review of weather/bushfire conditions; • Egress routes clearly identified; • Sufficient water supply; • Emergency Response Plan; • Gas monitoring for high LEL levels from well; • Flammable liquids and gases stored separately from potential ignition sources and oxidizing agents; • Daily inspections; • Spark arrestors/exhaust lagging on plant/equipment; and • Vehicle and personnel access limited to the well site, camp site and access track to prevent disturbance outside of Activity area.
5.4. Hydraulic Fracturing (including perforation) The controls including those listed below will be put in place for the Hydraulic Fracturing program: • Emergency shut downs; • Exclusion Zones;
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• Tested and Certified Equipment (to API standards where required); • Equipment pre-start checks; • Mixing equipment etc. fit for purpose; • Permit to Work; • SWPs; • Recipes and mix procedures for chemicals; • MSDS; • Effective housekeeping; • Wellsite layout plan; • Pressure Test Plan; • Training and competency assessment; • Pre-start meetings; • Communications plan; • Competent Operators; • PPE;
• JHA; Further controls for individual job stages are detailed in Addendum 1– Condor.
5.5. Perforation Premature detonation of the perforation guns has been identified as a potential MAE. The following controls will be put in place for the perforation of the wells: • Pre-arming safety meeting; • Loading guns during daylight hours only; • Radio safe digital detonators; • Work shop container (includes bunker); • SWPs (gun loading, gun arming); • Approved shooter to arm detonator; • Radio silence in effect & signs to be in place; • Trained and competent personnel; • Weather conditions taken into account;
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• Isolating key to be in possession of person arming the explosive device; • Exclusion Zones; • All non-essential cleared from restricted area; • Arming safeguards to remain in place; • Engineer to control operation; Further controls for individual job stages are detailed in Addendum 2 – Vause.
5.6. Milling and completions
5.6.1. Loss of Well Control Loss of well control has been identified as a risk for milling and completion operations at the TGS Program. Controls in place to prevent its occurrence are:
• Well design to industry standards;
• BOP in place and tested;
• Tested and Certified Equipment (to API standards where required);
• Emergency shut downs;
• PTW System;
• Affirmative Action Cards and JHAs;
• Inductions;
• Exclusion zones;
• Trained and competent personnel;
• Security plan and fenced facility to prevent sabotage;
• Exclusions zones around the wellheads;
• Emergency Response Drills;
• Adequate illumination;
• Equipment inspections; Specific controls in place for the Contractor scope of work to prevent a loss of well control are detailed in Addendum 3 - Cudd.
5.7. Flowback operations
5.7.1. Explosive Atmosphere Explosive atmosphere from HF operations has been identified as a risk during Flowback operations. The following controls have been put in place to prevent its occurrence: • Permit to Work;
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• SWPs; • Maintenance; • Communications; • Inspections; • Ongoing checks for erosions and gas detection; • Well Program; • Correctly rated equipment; • ESD Systems; • Real time monitoring 24 hours per day; • P&IDs.
5.7.2. Gas release - flaring operations Gas release during flaring operations has been identified as a risk during flowback. The following controls have been put in place to prevent its occurrence: • Permit to Work; • SWPs; • Maintenance; • Propane pilot and spark ignition back up; • Weather monitoring and wind socks; • Hydrate Inhibitor in use (methanol); • Inspections; • Gas detector; • ESD Systems; Specific controls in place for the Contractor scope of work to prevent a loss of well control are detailed in Addendum 4 - Weir.
5.7.3. Accident during Helicopter Operations In the event that light vehicle access to Asgard 1 and Valhalla North 1 wellsites is prevented by high rainfall, crew change will be carried out by helicopter from the Valhalla 2 camp. This operation has been identified as an MAE. The following controls have been put in place to prevent accidents during crew change: • Scheduled maintenance completed prior to mobilisation; • Good pre-flight planning
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• Daily pre-flight inspections of aircraft; • Pre & Post flight briefing held daily; • In flight engine parameter checking; • Filters on engine to prevent bird ingestion; • Controlled manoeuvre to avoid bird strike; • Bunded and covered Fuel storage at Valhalla 2 camp; • Ongoing monitoring of weather conditions; • Helicopter to set down in extreme conditions; • Helicopter operations at discretion of pilot; • Onsite review of landing areas during mobilization; • Designated landing area at As 1, VN 1 and V 2 wellsites; • Boarding Procedure (engine shut down, Pilot give go ahead for boarding etc.); • Boarding assembly area; • Minimal loads; • UHF Radio Contact; • Wind socks; • Dust suppression by sprinkler at landing locations; • Daily checks of landing areas for debris; • Rest breaks during shift at Valhalla 2 camp; • Regular flights only at shift change in daylight hours; • Pilot accommodated in air conditioned Valhalla 2 camp; • Loading to be done in accordance aircraft loading manual; • Personnel weights documented.
5.8. Major weather event (overall) Major weather events may disrupt operations at the TGS Program. This could include thunderstorms, heavy rainfall, bushfire and flooding. Key controls in place are: • Restricting activity during poor weather; • Ongoing review of weather/bushfire conditions; • Fire suppression equipment on vehicles and at camps and offices;
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• Emergency Response Plan;
5.9. Personnel Injury Injury to personnel is considered to be a risk during mobilisation, steady state operations, SIMOPs and demobilisation for all BRU personnel and contractors. Key controls in place for the protection of TGS Program personnel are: Affirmative Action Cards and JHA prior to non-routine work; Specific works plans (confined space entry, working at heights, construction, maintenance and SIMOPs); Pre-start meetings; PTW System; Appropriate PPE as identified in SWP and JHA documents; Design standards; RCD and surge protection equipment; Shift management to control fatigue and temperature stress; Management of Change; Trained and competent personnel; Appropriate storage of equipment and materials; Selection of correct equipment for the task (certified lifting equipment, fall protection equipment, confined space entry); Inspections; Traffic management onsite (particularly during SIMOPs); Inductions and daily toolbox meetings. In addition to the controls listed above, each of BRU’s contractors have specific controls in place for their scopes of work (such as working with forklifts, EWPs). The controls that the contractors will put in place were reviewed as part of the Risk Assessment process carried out for the TGS Program.
5.10. Damage or injury from Dangerous and Hazardous Substances In order to protect BRU personnel and contractors the following controls will be in place to prevent an injury from dangerous or hazardous substances: • Gas testing during operations; • Exclusion zones;
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• Bunded chemical storage areas; • Eye wash stations/safety showers; • PPE; • MSDS; • SWPs • Permit to Work; • Signed Segregation of Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Substances; • Spill control equipment.
5.11. Primary Permit to Work (PtW) System The WSPTW system ensures safe working environments are established and maintained at well sites. The WSPTW system ensures: Operations are managed at a wellsite in a systematic manner; Scope of work is authorised and communicated; Required controls are documented and implemented; The nature and conditions of work are monitored and evaluated; Health and safety issues at job sites are monitored; The job site is safe on the completion of the work so normal operations can resume. A Permit is required for: Any one-off activity that has the potential to injure personnel, adversely impact the environment or damage plant or equipment; Any hazardous activity that personnel are not familiar with; Any hazardous activity where no standard operating procedures exist; Any deviation or modification to existing standard operating procedures; At any other time as determined by the person fulfilling the role of Wellsite Permit Authority. Types of on-site activity that is controlled by the WSPTW system include: • Hot work – Any activity that could reasonably be expected to generate a source of ignition e.g. naked flame, heat (hot surfaces), static electricity, spark or other source of ignition such as welding, grinding, cutting or flaring;
• Cold work – examples include: confined space entry, lift control or working at heights;
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SIMOPs - the performance of two or more potentially conflicting operations at the same time and place, or any external activities that may affect the personnel, work environment or plant that is subject to a specific permit. A Permit is not required for: Low risk, routine operations done by trained competent personnel following an SWP; Low risk, minor maintenance work conducted by trained competent personnel; Work conducted following the initiation of a local or Wellsite Emergency Response Plan or Well Control Response Plan and only as directed by the persons performing the role of Wellsite Permit Authority or OCR; Small crews conducting routine work where they can show they take the same work precautions and conduct work under the same ongoing controls as if a permit was issued. The BRU OCR will be the Permit Authority at the wellsite. Contractors will delegated responsibility for tasks and control of the wellhead as required. All contractors present at a well site will sign onto the Permit to Work for tasks listed above. 5.11.1. Subsidiary Permits to Work Subsidiary PtWs residing under the Primary Permit will be required to be specifically prepared and issued for the following activities or tasks generally conducted using SWPs: Operations requiring mobile plant and vehicles; • Work with Pressure – pressure testing, well control management; Work with explosives; Work with radioactive substances; Working at heights; Confined space entry; Excavation; Rescues and emergency response activities. Subsidiary PtWs will be logged and recorded under the Primary PtW. All PtWs will be recorded in the daily operations report.
5.12. Standard Work Procedures (SWPs) SWPs are developed to provide continuous risk mitigation by defining the most efficient and safe process for executing specific frequent tasks. TGS Program SWPs are designed to integrate the Asset functionality with the human interaction and to highlight risks and risk mitigation measures. SWPs will be continuously reviewed and where possible, improved.
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Each SWP has a related JHA which must be reviewed, updated where necessary for local conditions and signed off prior to execution of the SWP. A list of all current BRU SWPs relevant to the TGS Program are included in Appendix D. Each major contractor has specific SWPs for their scope of work. These are listed in Addendums 1-4.
5.13. Job Hazard Analyses (JHAs) JHAs are critical tools for the management of HSSE risks at the TGS Program. JHAs are designed to: • Clearly define the task and task steps for all participants; • Identify the risks and define the controls; • Define the PPE and related precautions required for the job; • Assign responsibilities for management of risk controls; • Communicate the risks to all participants (staff, contractors and third parties). Active participation and contribution in JHAs is mandatory for all BRU personnel and contractors.
5.14. Tool-box Talks and Shift Change Hand-over Briefings Tool-box talks will general be related to JHA meetings where all participants review specific tasks prior to undertaking them. This may be for activities which have SWPs or for non-routine activities, which can often involve third party contractors and services. Tool-box talks also occur during shift change handover briefings. Specific hazards noted by personnel at these meetings should be recorded on affirmative action cards and handed to the immediate supervisor prior to commencement of the new shift. Identified new hazards may result in deferment of commencement of work and a revision of the JHA. In the event of hand over of control of the wellhead, a handover briefing will be performed in the event that this does not coincide with a shift change.
5.15. Affirmative Action Card Participation in the BRU Affirmative Action Card programme is mandatory for all personnel involved with TGS Program operations including BRU personnel, contractors, third party personnel and visitors. Where contractors have an equivalent system in place, this will bridge to the BRU systems where appropriate. The affirmative action card programme is used for the following HSSE controls: • Identification of immediate hazards which may require job suspension; • Identification and recognition of positive behaviours and initiatives which could be transposed to other Assets and Sites;
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• Identification of general hazards which may require engineering and process changes (executed under the Management of Change protocols); and • General operations integrity and equipment improvement suggestions which may provide enhanced HSSE performance. Affirmative Action cards will report both positive and negative observations and is intended to be a proactive, positive work place tool.
5.16. Handover at Crew Change A formal written handover will occur between the outgoing OCR and the incoming OCR when they have their crew change, and the outgoing SCSS will also conduct a formal written handover with the incoming SCSS at crew change – which will also be reviewed by the BRU OCR.
5.17. Equipment Maintenance and Repair All plant and equipment at the TGS Program supplied by contractors will be managed in accordance with their Equipment Maintenance process. These are detailed in Addendums 1-4. BRU operates a database for Equipment and Asset Maintenance (EAM) and schedules and work orders for required maintenance for BRU owned equipment are uploaded for the TGS Program in this database.
5.18. Inspection, Testing, Monitoring and Reporting Inspection and testing of TGS Program equipment and plant will be undertaken as per manufacturers recommendations and Industry standards and: • As part of SWPs and JHAs prior to work being undertaken on or with the equipment • As part of the preventive maintenance schedule for the equipment. 5.18.1. Routine Equipment Inspections The schedule of routine inspections for equipment supplied or owned by BRU is summarised below:
Inspection Frequency
Inspect all firefighting equipment including fire extinguishers, lifting harness/equipment, Prior to activities load-out meters and gas detectors. commencing Visual inspection of wells, wellheads, separator, field instruments, flow lines, chemical Daily bunding areas, flare pits, water reserviors. Vehicle Checklist Daily Environmental Checklist Weekly Check Emergency Shutdown (ESD) devices, operating pressure and alarm status Weekly Update JHA Register, Lifting Operations Register, Plant Equipment Inspection Register Fortnightly Plant Equipment Inspection, Check First aid kit, diesel storage tank, spill kits, gas detectors, Monthly electrical tagging register
Table 14: TGS Program Inspections
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Contractors at site will undertake regular inspections of their equipment and plant as described in Addendums 1-4. 5.18.2. Preventative Maintenance Programme Preventative maintenance will be carried out at the TGS Program in line with the manufacturers recommendations and industry best practice. Contractor’s maintain their equipment as described in Addendums 1-4.
5.19. Competency Register and Qualifications A competency register will be put in place the TGS Program for all persons involved in operations and activities at the site. Persons attending the TGS Program for the first time will be required to present evidence of training and licenses for mobile plant and machinery before being approved to operate such equipment. The competency register will assist site management to determine training gaps for personnel and plan required training. Contractor competency registers are described in Addendums 1-4.
5.20. Hazardous Goods Material and Safety Data Sheet Register A register of all chemicals and hazardous materials on site will be maintained in the OCR office, and another copy will be kept at the front gate to the facility. This is reviewed when a new chemical is brought on site, or a major contractor begins their scope of work. All contractors maintain MSDS information for the Dangerous and Hazardous goods used for the sub-sets of the TGS Program.
5.21. Employee Training and Competency Development The TGS Project Coordinator is the custodian of the TGS Program Training and Competency Database for all personnel involved in the operations of the facility including staff and contractors. The database identified the current competency levels for personnel and the training and competency development plan for each person. Job descriptions reflect the required competencies. All TGS Program personnel are made aware of their roles and responsibilities and their training and competency development pathway on commencement of employment and during performance assessment reviews conducted at minimum on an annual basis, or more frequently if considered necessary by immediate or senior supervisors. Individual contractors will manage training and competency of their workforce in lines with the process described in Addendum 1-4.
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5.22. Employee Wellbeing BRU promotes a healthy and enjoyable work environment which addresses physical and mental wellbeing and an effective balance of work and family life. Human Resource Policy Statements have been established for: • Code of Conduct; • Drugs and Alcohol; • Health and Hygiene; • Workplace Bullying; and • Workplace Rehabilitation. BRU carries Worker’s Compensation Insurance for all employees and seeks where possible to rehabilitate injured workers to appropriate site positions. Employee assistance support services are in place and medical support is provided for return to work (RTW) programmes.
5.22.1. Drugs and Alcohol In line with the Drug and Alcohol Policy BRU expects all people who work for the Company present for work in a fit state. It is an obligation on all personnel to report to their supervisor if they have reasonable doubts regarding the fitness for work for other personnel in the workplace. Drugs and alcohol are prohibited at all sites during the TGS Program, with exception of medications dealt with below. At the TGS Program the Drug and Alcohol Policy is enacted through the following processes:
• BRU D&A Policy and obligations highlighted in the HSSE induction for personnel entering the site
• All medications taken onto a company workplace must be confidentially declared to the OCR or appropriate officer on form HSE-OP-001F02_Medical Form, and this person must be advised of the possible side effects
• OCR or delegate to administer at cause drug or alcohol testing where there are reasonable grounds to suspect that the individual is unfit for work, following an incident or injury involving the individual in a BRU workplace or randomly as required.
• OCR will monitor the use of prescription medication by personnel at the site. If the OCR has reasonable concerns about the use of prescribed medicines he will flag through to management if he had concerns Any personnel who returns a positive drug or alcohol test (other than for declared prescriptions and off the shelf medications where the results are consistent with proper and/or prescribed use) will be stood down from the TGS Program immediately and required to undergo a second test. Testing will be conducted in accordance with Australian/New Zealand Standard 4308:2008, Procedures for the collection, detection and quantitation of drugs of abuse in urine and Australian
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Standard AS 4760 – 2006, Procedures for specimen collection and the detection and quantitation of drugs in oral fluid.
Contractors to BRU maintain similar Drug and Alcohol Polices as detailed in Addendums 1-4. 5.22.2. Noise BRU aims to limit noise exposure to all personnel on site to a noise level below the National Standard for Occupation Noise [NOHSC: NOHSC: 2009 (2004)], in line with the Health Safety and Security Policy. The average daily exposure (LAeq,8h) will not exceed 85 dB(A) for all personnel or visitors to the TGS Program.
To meet this standard, noise levels will be reduced by the application of one, or a combination of; elimination, substitution, isolation, engineering controls, administrative controls and personal protective equipment. Noise levels of new or replacement equipment should be considered in the procurement process. As part of the MoC process the TGS Program Risk Assessment should be updated to reflect any changes new or replacement equipment have on the noise profile of the TGS Program. A pre-commissioning noise assessment shall be conducted of the TGS Program in accordance with AS/NZS 1269. Where areas of the TGS Program are identified as having high noise levels requiring personnel to have hearing protection, these will be identified and signposted accordingly. In the event of temporary activities at the TGS Program supporting steady state operations, noise levels and the required protection for personnel will be identified in the MoC, risk assessment and the PtW process.
Contractors to BRU maintain similar Drug and Alcohol Polices as detailed in Addendums 1-4. 5.22.3. Fatigue Management of fatigue for BRU TGS Program personnel ensures that no personnel on site are permitted to or required to work for a duration that could reasonably be expected to have an adverse effect on the safety or health of the person. To manage Fatigue at the TGS Program, work hours will be in line with those detailed below.
Parameter Period
Maximum planned hours in a 24 hr period 12 hours
Minimum break length between shifts (planned operations) 10 hours
Shift Rotation Night to day rotation
Maximum work hours in a 24 hr period (unplanned operations) 16 hours
Minimum break length between shifts (unplanned operations) 8 hours
Minimum number of days off in 28 days 7 days
Table 15: Fatigue Management guidance
In the event that maximum hours are identified as being likely to be exceeded, the TGS Project Coordinator will be informed. A fatigue risk assessment will be conducted by the senior site
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representative with the involvement of key stakeholders and resources used as required to support safe operations. Records will be kept of any Fatigue risk assessment as well as ongoing hours worked at the TGS Program. Contractors to BRU maintain similar Fatigue Polices as detailed in Addendums 1-4. In the event of unplanned operations, Contractors will liaise with the BRU OCR to ensure fatigue is managed appropriately for personnel. 5.22.4. Hazardous Substance Exposure In line with the Health Safety and Security Policy (BMF-HSE-POL_HSS Policy Statement), BRU aims to limit hazardous substance exposure to all personnel on site to that detailed in National Exposure Standards for Atmospheric Contaminants, [NOHSC:1003(1995)]. Limited volumes of hazardous materials are held onsite. MSDS for all hazardous materials are held onsite and maintained by the OCR. Exposure to hazardous substances is minimized through:
• Appropriate PPE worn at all times, directed by MSDS when handling hazardous substances;
• Maintaining good ventilation when hazardous substances are used or transferred;
• MoC followed for new chemicals brought onto site for activities to support steady state operations;
• Hazardous substances stored in designated areas;
• Appropriate storage remote from accommodation and operators office;
• Minimizing volume of hazardous materials stored at site;
• Hazardous materials storage areas identified during the HSSE Induction.
5.23. Lead Contractor Alignment A significant portion of TGS Program will be carried out by primary contractors to BRU. These primary Contractors HSE systems are described in Addendums 1-4. The following process has been followed to ensure alignment between Lead Contractor HSEMS and this TGS Program HSSEMS.
5.23.1. Review of Contractor HSEMS Through the process of contractual engagement, BRU will review contractor HSEMS and evaluate for suitability for the operations to be conducted. This review will enable an analysis of gaps in documentation which will need to be addressed in the HSSEMS.
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5.23.2. Integrated Approach to risk Management Where a Lead Contractor is engaged to support specific activities or operations, the following process of integrated risk management will be followed:
Figure 9: Integrated Risk Management Where a Lead Contractor does not utilize the CGR Risk Management System, BRU will ensure all risks and incidents are recorded and maintained in the BRU CGR database. 5.23.3. Bridging Documentation This HSSEMS document bridges to the Contractor Addendums 1-4. 5.23.4. Third Party Contractors A number of Third Party Contractors (TPCs) are likely to be involved with these operations. TPCs will be inducted in and compliant with this HSSEMS. TPCs may have obligations under their company’s HSEMS but these will be supplementary to the Site-specific HSSEMS. Monitoring of TPC awareness of, involvement in and compliance with Site-specific HSSEMS requirements is critical to the protection of those parties. Measurement of TPC involvement will be a key performance indicator in site-based reporting.
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6. INCIDENT/ACCIDENT (EVENT) RESPONSE
6.1. Event Response Hierarchy The TGS Program operates under a 3 Level Event Response hierarchy as follows: Level 1 – Incident controlled and contained at TGS Program; Level 2 – Accident with consequences controlled at TGS Program; Level 3 – Major Accident Event (MAE), external assistance required. Level 1 events (incidents controlled and contained at site) are not treated as emergencies requiring emergency response. Level 2 and 3 events (accidents and major accidents) are treated as emergencies requiring emergency response and mobilisation of the Emergency Management Team and notification of the Crisis Management Team.
6.2. Incident/Accident (Event) Occurrence Definitions
6.2.1. Incident An incident is defined as an event (Refer to definitions in Section 4) where there is:
• Near miss;
• Injury to personnel that is limited to: o First aid treatment only; o Medical treatment only which does not result in a lost time injury or restricted work activity; o Restricted work case resulting in personnel not being able to work a full shift or unable to perform all routine job functions regularly performed at least once a week;
• Minor impact to the environment; or
• Minor damage to equipment which does not impede functionality.
6.2.2. Accident Event An accident event is defined as an event where one or more of the following occurs:
• Personnel injury or trauma resulting in personnel loss of time from work beyond the day or shift it occurred;
• Vehicle or travel accident;
• Security breach or civil unrest but no impact on operations;
• Fire, explosion or well control event but no impact on operations;
• Intrusion into heritage buffer/exclusion zone. Formal complaint Received and Traditional Owner’s threaten to withdraw support;
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• Natural disaster but no impact on operations (flood, bushfire, earth quake etc).
6.2.3. Major Accident Event (MAE) A major accident event (MAE) is defined by BRU as an event where one or more of the following occurs:
• Personnel injury or trauma resulting in operations being stopped or significantly constrained at Site;
• Fatality or multiple fatalities;
• Security breach or civil unrest impacting the TGS Program;
• Breakdown of relationship with Traditional Owners and access to well sites denied;
• Fire, explosion or well control event impacting TGS Program;
• Widespread environmental impact extending offsite and impacting a valued area. Recovery Period several years;
• Hazardous material release (including hydrocarbons) into the environment;
• Bomb threat; and
• Natural disaster impacting operations (flood, bushfire, earth quake etc).
6.3. Emergency Response Documentation Emergencies occurring at the TGS Program will refer to the TGS Program ERP and the BRU Incident Management Plan documents.
6.4. TGS Program Emergency Response Plan (ERP) The TGS Program ERP provides the following information: • TGS Program Emergency Management Team Structure; • Event Report and Response Procedures; • Emergency Preparedness Drill Schedule; • Roles and Responsibilities; • Emergency Response Equipment; • Emergency Incident Reporting Procedure; • TGS Program Emergency Response Equipment and Evacuation Layout; and • Emergency Scenario Response Checklists.
6.5. Emergency Response Preparedness TGS Program personnel will train for response to site emergencies as follows: • Emergency exercise drills and training as per defined schedules in the ERP;
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• Compulsory attendance at emergency response exercises; • Training for key personnel for specific emergency response capabilities; • Provision of equipment and materials required for responding to various identified scenarios in the TGS Program Risk Register.
6.6. Immediate Response to an Emergency – TGS Program Immediate responses to Emergency events occurring on BRU-operates sites shall include: The party identifying an emergency event at the TGS Program will immediately report the event to their immediate supervisor or directly to the TGS Program OCR; The OCR will take all necessary and immediate actions to protect life, the environment and equipment/plant in that order; The OCR will fill in an initial Incident Report with the details available; At the first opportunity, the TGS Program OCR will contact the BRU Emergency Management Team (EMT) on-Duty Manager and convey information relating to the event; The BRU EMT will nominate an On-scene Commander (OSC) who will be responsible for implementing the emergency response plans developed in conjunction with the EMT.
6.7. Initial Incident Report The Initial Incident Report (IIR) form provides a structure for the timely reporting of the incident including: • Statement of the facts at the time of the incident occurring; • Witness statements from those involved in or witnessing the incident; • Statement of immediate actions taken to prevent escalation of the incident; • Suggestions for corrective actions from involved parties. In the event of a reportable incident, Buru Energy will contact the Department of Mines and Petroleum following notification by the well site. The following contacts must be used for reporting of incidents: Office hours (8.30am-4.30pm) • 9358 8010 After hours, the following numbers in order: • 0437 973 672 • 0439 964 143
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• 0437 972 947 • 0437 970 014 Written notification to: [email protected]. Environment Duty Officer: • 0419 960 621 The DMP template for reporting an occurrences and injuries (both lost time and alternative duties) that occurred on the site during the month:
http://www.dmp.wa.gov.au/documents/Forms/PGS_F_OnshoreOccurenceReport.pdf Petroleum Monthly Status Report Forms will be provided to the DMP before the 15th day of each month. In accordance with Regulation 42 of the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources (Management of Safety) Regulations 2010, the occurrences detailed in Table 16 will be reported to the DMP.
Occurrence
An occurrence that did not cause, but could reasonably have been expected to cause the death of, or serious personal injury to, a person engaged in the operation or other protected person. An occurrence that did not cause, but could reasonably have been expected to cause a member of the workforce to be incapacitated from performing work for one or more days. That was, or resulted in, or could have potentially resulted in a fire or explosion. That was, or resulted in, or could have potentially resulted the release of an amount of geothermal or hydrocarbon vapour that is likely to constitute a hazard. That was, or resulted in, or could have potentially resulted the release of an amount of petroleum liquid or geothermal fluid that is likely to constitute a hazard. That was, or resulted in, or could have potentially resulted an unplanned event that required the emergency response plan. That was, or resulted in, or could have potentially resulted damage to safety-critical equipment. Occurrence of another kind that a reasonable operator would consider to require an immediate investigation.
Table 16: Reportable Occurrences A notice of these events will be provided as soon as is practicable and a written report within 3 days of the occurrence or the detection of the occurrence.
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6.8. Event Investigation The composition of the investigation team will be determined by the Operations Manager and will be dependent on the nature and consequence of the event and the level of emergency response required to manage the event. The level of the investigation will be determined by the actual or potential consequence of the incident. Lead and third party contractors will provide all required support in the investigation of incidents and may be required to be part of the investigation team.
6.8.1. Event Investigation Team Event investigation teams may be composed of the following parties:
• BRU management and operations personnel;
• Lead Contractor management and operations personnel;
• Third party contractor representatives and managers;
• Representatives from the governing legislative authority;
• Police and emergency response third parties; and
• Local authorities and community representatives.
6.8.2. Investigation Procedure Procedures for investigation of events will be designed to:
• Capture all relevant information relating to the event;
• Conduct a root cause analysis to determine the fundamental causes of the event;
• Identify and recommend improvements to procedures, processes and systems (including this HSSEMS) to reduce the likelihood of a recurrence of the event;
• Ensure approved actions are implemented; and
• Ensure information relating to the event is effectively communicated.
6.8.3. Corrective Actions Findings and recommendations resulting from event investigations will be presented to the Operations Manager for review and where appropriate acceptance. The Operations Manager will determine the appropriate method for communicating approved outcomes and actions to internal and external stakeholders.
6.9. Event Reporting The CGR Foundation software will be used to record and report all events and to track actions assigned through to close-out. Access to this system will be provided for all Assets operated by BRU. The following diagram shows the entry data screen for all events (referred to as incidents within CGR).
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7. CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT
7.1. Quality Assurance The BRU Quality Management System (QMS) defines procedures for the continuous improvement of all Business Management Framework systems including this TGS Program HSSEMS. These procedures are designed to: • Effectively communicate the requirements and objectives of this HSSEMS; • Ensure conformance of all personnel to this HSSEMS; and • Enhance and continuously improve this HSSEMS. These procedures are outlined as follows:
7.2. Document Control and Nomenclature Protocols This TGS Program HSSEMS and related documents are controlled under the BRU Document Management protocols and changes to this documentation can only be made with approval of the Operations Manager. The TGS Project Coordinator is responsible for ensuring that only current versions of documents are in use at all the TGS Program. System documents are stored in a centralized management system in BRU's Perth Office. Relevant Safety documentation is also stored at the TGS Program, including the HSSEMS. The HSSEMS is a live document and will be updated in line with identification of new hazards and risks, as per industry best practice.
7.3. Monitoring and Measurement Key performance indicators for this TGS Program HSSEMS are detailed in Section 1.4. Weekly and monthly reports will be generated by the TGS Project Coordinator detailing actual performance against these measurable targets.
7.4. HSSEMS Conformance and Continuous Improvement Conformance and improvement audits will be conducted on a regular basis to assess the compliance with and effectiveness of this TGS Program HSSEMS and programmes.
7.5. HSSEMS Audit Schedule Audits shall be conducted on this TGS Program HSSEMS and related documents under the following schedule.
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Document Name Audit Frequency
This HSSEMS At least once every 2 years
TGS Program Emergency Response Plan At least once every 2 years
TGS Program Operations At least once during field operations.
Table 17: Audit Frequency Routine audits of infrastructure and equipment owned by BRU will be dictated by the Asset Maintenance and Integrity Assurance database. New equipment will be audited as directed by the manufacturer, and this information entered to the Asset Maintenance and Integrity Assurance database, following an MoC process at purchase. Addendums 1-4 detail the contractor audit processes that will be carried out during the TGS Program.
7.6. Audit Procedure
7.6.1. Audit Terms of Reference Audits shall be structured with appropriate terms of reference to ensure that this HSSEMS and related documentation:
• Conforms to the original intent, arrangements and requirements;
• Is consistent with appropriate local, federal and international standards and legislation;
• Is being implemented effectively;
• Is achieving the required conformance by all personnel; and
• Is effectively maintained and improved. The terms of reference for an audit shall be established prior to commencement of the audit and will define:
• The documents and procedures to be audited;
• The element of the HSSEMS or TGS Program to be audited;
• Assess actions and recommendations from previous audits;
• Define the constitution of the audit team (internal and external parties);
• Methodology for the audit (desktop, site-based); and
• How objectivity and impartiality will be achieved. Auditors shall not audit their own work. 7.6.2.Extraordinary Audit An extraordinary audit of this HSSEMS may be commissioned by the BRU Board of Directors in event of a potential major accident event or the identification of significant shortcomings through field response.
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7.6.3. Audit Reports All audits shall be recorded and records of the audit shall be maintained for a minimum period of five (5) years, or as defined by legislative requirements. Agreed and approved recommendations resulting from audits shall be effectively communicated to all personnel and where recommended via third-party HSSE forums.
7.6.4. Corrective Actions Approved corrective actions resulting from internal audits will be assigned and tracked to ensure effective implementation. Amendments recommended to BRU documents and procedures will be assessed and implemented in a manner consistent with the Management of Change procedures. Changes to this HSSEMS will be only approved by the Operations Manager.
7.7. Analysis of Data HSSE data pertaining to the TGS Program may be collated from a number of sources including: • Internal reports, recommendations and audits including:
• Affirmative action cards;
• Event investigations;
• Recommendations for equipment modifications;
• SWPS and JHAs; and
• Hazard identification and Risk Assessments. • Data gathered from other BRU assets; • External stakeholder inputs; • Industry forums and agencies; • Supplier, contractor and third party inputs, observations and suggestions; and • Industry publications. BRU’s contractors will be actively involved in the collection and communication of HSSE data.
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8. APPENDICES Appendix A Relevant BRU Policy Statements
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Corporate Policy Statement - Health, Safety and Security
...... ■ • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ,. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • '
BMF-HSE-POL_HSS Policy Statement RO
Commitment
Buru Energy Limited is committed to prevention of all Accident Events relating to our activities, to provision of a safe and enjoyable workplace, and protection of the wellbeing of our people and the communities in which we operate. This commitment takes precedence over all other Business imperatives.
To meet this commitment, Buru Energy will:
• Ensure all people who work for and with the Company are aware of this policy and their individual responsibilities. • Ensure health, safety and security takes priority in all work activities and we will empower our employees and contractors to stop any work activity that is considered unsafe. • Develop health, safety and security objectives and targets appropriate to the nature and scale of our operations and the environment in which we work. • Develop procedures and systems which enable the effective identification and mitigation of risk in all areas of our operations. • Comply with all applicable health, safety and security laws and regulations • Ensure accountability of individuals in protecting their own health, safety and security, the wellbeing of other workers and the local communities in which we operate. • Promote effective employee and contractor awareness of our Health, safety and security programmes through induction, training and communication and insist that those who provide services to the Company adhere to our HSS policy and practices. • Foster a workplace culture that encourages and supports all employees and contractors to apply the appropriate procedures and processes to protect themselves and other workers from harm. • Engage contractors and suppliers that have a proven track record with respect to health and safety excellence. • Ensure that any health, safety and security incidents are thoroughly investigated and analysed to reduce the potential for recurrence and ensure that remedial action is undertaken in an appropriate timeframe. • Audit HSS performance against our operational policies, standards and procedures and regularly review audit results to drive continuous improvement.
Eric Streitberg Executive Chairman Date: 13 July 2015 ,IrBuruEnerg
Buru Energy Limited is an Australian S&P/ASX listed oil and gas exploration and production company based in the Canning Basin, Western Australia.
Corporate Policy Statement- Environment
BMF-HSE-POL_ENV Policy Statement RO
Commitment Buru Energy Limited is committed to planning and delivering our operations in a manner which minimizes our impact on the environment and delivers sustainable development in the areas in which we operate.
To meet this commitment, Buru Energy will: • Ensure all people who work for and with the Company are aware of this policy and their individual responsibilities. • Work with the communities where we operate to develop a mutual understanding of environmental priorities, goals and expectations. • Develop and deliver measurable environmental objectives and targets appropriate to the nature and scale of our operations with the aim of continual improvement. • Ensure protection of the environment takes priority in all work activities and we will empower our employees and contractors to stop any work activity that is considered hazardous to the environment. • Develop environmental objectives and targets appropriate to the nature and scale of our operations and the environment in which we work. • Develop procedures and systems which enable the effective identification and mitigation of risk to the environment in all areas of our operations. • Actively monitor and identify ways to continually improve our environmental performance including the reduction of water, energy and materials use and, prevent discharge of hazardous materials into the environment. • Regularly audit and review our performance against our environmental objectives and targets. • Comply with all applicable environmental laws and regulations. • Provide our managers and supervisors with the authority and resources necessary to implement this policy. • Promote effective employee and contractor awareness of our environmental practices through induction, training and communication and insist that those who provide services to the Company adhere to our environmental policy and practices.
Eric Streitberg Executive Chairman Date: 13 July 2015 ,If BuruEnerg
Buru Energy Limited is an Australian S&P/ASX listed oil and gas exploration and production company based in the Canning Basin, Western Austra lia .
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Reporting in a timely manner to Regulator Fatalities Poor road condition Signage detailing speed limits
Travel management procedure TGS Emergency Response Plan
Site Induction Implement crisis management plan.
FWP including JMP for all TGS travel UHF communications between well sites
Road maintenance of Noonkanbah track and access roads 3G at V2, Satellite skid communication system at well site, Sat Phones Daily assessment of access track condition
Schedule calls prior to arriving and on arrival between Incident management plan Injury to personnel wellsites Reporting in a timely manner to Regulator
Collision with other road users or animals Travel management procedure First aid training and equipment
Inform personnel of SIMOPS in the general vicinity TGS Emergency Response Plan
Obey state road laws 3G at V2, Satellite skid communication system at well site, Sat Phones FWP including JMP for all TGS travel
No night driving without Operations Manager approval Appropriate Insurances in place Damage to equipment/plant/infrastructure
Drive to conditions - as per FWP or contractor equivalent Redirect existing resources
Reporting in a timely manner to Regulator
Driver fatigue Travel management procedure Loss of control while driving to/from site Trained and Competent operator: shutdown and making equipment safe PIC to induct drivers on arrival at location.
Inform personnel of SIMOPS in the general vicinity Potential MAE if multiple fatalities occur
Management of crew change
No night driving without Operations Manager approval
Schedule rest intervals while onsite.
Alternate drivers during crew change
Inattention during driving Travel management procedure
Qualified and competent contractors
Obey state road laws
4WD training - desirable
TGS Security Plan
Alternate drivers during crew change
Unsafe/Unmaintained Vehicles Travel management procedure
Vehicle pre-start checks
Hire vehicles from reputable contractor and maintain Buru owned vehicles
Vehicle maintenance as required, when personnel transfers allow
Head lights on- desirable
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Weather conditions (dust, sun, wind, smoke, rainfall, Travel management procedure lightning)
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence
1 of 2 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0259
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Loss of control while driving to/from site
Potential MAE if multiple fatalities occur
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Electrical arming of detonator
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 266
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Emergency Response Plan Crash Fatigue Journey Management Procedures and plans
First aid kits Operator Error Trained and Licensed Operators
Spot trackers, Sat Phones Lost or delayed
Mechanical Failure Vehicle maintenance Plan
Suitable Spare parts Spill Response Plan Spills
Emergency equipment Spill kits
Communication Equipment
Wildlife Drive to conditions - as per FWP
Journey Management Procedures and plans
Trained and Licensed Operators
Other Vehicles Vehicle Licensing and Registration
Vehicle First Aid and Fire Fighting Appliances
Poor Road Conditions, signage and weather Ongoing review of weather/bushfire conditions (DFES, LV mobilisation BoM, Fire North)
Drive to conditions - as per FWP
Journey Management Procedures and plans
Trained and Licensed Operators
Checks of local road conditions
Unfamiliarity with vehicle Trained and Licensed Operators
Poor local knowledge Debesa Station at laydown area
Night driving Journey Management Procedures and plans
Journey specific risk assessment to be completed
Dangerous Goods DG per ADG
SWP/SOPs
Incorrect load restraint DG per ADG
SWP/SOPs
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 276
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Emergency Response Plan Crash Fatigue Journey Management Procedures and plans
First aid kits Operator Error Trained and Licensed Operators
Spot trackers, Sat Phones Lost or delayed
Mechanical Failure Vehicle maintenance Plan
Suitable Spare parts Spill Response Equipment (if required) Spills
Emergency equipment
Communication Equipment
Wildlife Drive to conditions - as per FWP or contractor equivalent
Other Vehicles Vehicle Licensing and Registration
Vehicle First Aid and Fire Fighting Appliances
Poor Road Conditions Road maintenance of Noonkanbah track and access roads
Poor Signage Signage at the wellsite and on access track Vehicle movements to/from camp, between well-sites and for misc. logistics, etc.
Poor Weather Conditions Ongoing review of weather/bushfire conditions (DFES, BoM, Fire North)
Poor local knowledge Journey Management Procedures and plans
Night driving Spot trackers, Sat Phones
Journey specific risk assessment to be completed
No lone drivers for night driving
Dangerous Goods DG per ADG
SWP/SOPs
Incorrect load restraint Loads correctly secured
DG per ADG
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0291
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Emergency Response Plan Personal Injury Noise PPE
First aid kits Moving Machinery PPE
JHA Spill Response Plan Spill/ Loss of containment
Competent Operators Spill kits
Highly Pressurised Equipment Tested and Certified Equipment Emergency Response Plan Fire or explosion of diesel
Pressure Test Plan Fire extinguishers
Uneven Surfaces Effective housekeeping
Equipment Malfunction Tested and Certified Equipment
Emergency shut downs
Mixing equipment etc. fit for purpose
Equipment pre-start checks
Access and Egress to/around equipment Exclusion Zones Execution of Frac Job
SWP/SOPs
Wellsite layout plan
Hazsubs PPE
First aid equipment and personnel
SOP and/or JHA
SDS
Recipes and mix procedures
Manual handling Manual handling training (ongoing)
Operator error Pre-start meeting
SOPs
PTW
Training and competency assessment
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0287
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Emergency Response Plan Personal injury Manual Handling PPE
JHA First aid kits
SWP/SOPs
Lifting Operations Tested and Certified Equipment
BOP Rig up Procedure
Trained and Licensed Personnel
PTW
SWP/SOPs
Uneven Surfaces Effective housekeeping
Adequate lighting
Moving Plant and Equipment Exclusion Zones
Comms Plan
Trained and Licensed Personnel Rig up BOP's, Riser and Injector and Rig down Working under suspended loads Exclusion Zones
Tested and Certified Equipment
Trained and competent personnel
SWP/SOPs
Working at Heights Exclusion Zones
FFP Tools
EWP operators ticketed (24hr availability)
Working at Height Training
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0286
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Ballistic arming of explosive device
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0267
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Environment
Rainfall/flooding
Major weather event impacting on operations
Rainfall, high winds
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0461
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Implement crisis management plan. Multiple Injury / Fataility Flame from Flare off. Flare offs to be in a controlled manner
Bushfire Plan Local emergency services support
Well control equipment and procedures Localised fire fighting at site with available equipment
Manual ESD Stations located around the site activate Personnel with first aid training Emergency Shutdown Valves.
Emergency Response Plan Propane pilot and spark ignition back up
Qualified onsite paramedic for TGS Program Area around flare pit free of potential fire fuel i.e. Grasses, Wood, Flammables. Ambulance
Placement of Flare pit away from trees, long grasses, flammables Prompt and Thorough Investigation Equipment Damage Concrete flare pit with overflow Regional support available from suitably qualified mechanic/electrical support Sparks from Welding, grinding and other Hot work Dedicated Spotter and Fire extinguisher when conducting hot work Move critical equipment away from fire source
Trained and Competent operator Prompt and Thorough Investigation Environmental Damage Designated hot work area with signage
Timely notification of issue to regulatory authorities Fire extinguishers Local emergency services support SWP/SOPs Fire at wellsite or Camp Emergency Response Plan WPTW
Prompt and Thorough Investigation Reputation Incorrect disposal of cigarette butts Dedicated Smoking Area - Away from flammable sources Potential for fire at wellsite, camp or surrounding location such as the access track Timely notification of issue to regulatory authorities Inductions to identify smoking areas and precautions for disposal
Prompt and Thorough Investigation Loss Production Time Natural causes i.e. lightning, bush fire Fire extinguishers
Emergency Communication Equipment e.g. Satellite mobile, Spot Tracker.
Ongoing review of weather/bushfire conditions (DFES, BoM, Fire North)
Properly constructed and maintained firebreaks
Egress routes clearly identified
Sufficient water supply
Local emergency services support
Front end loader at site
Mobile plant has fire supression
Early awareness and immediate evacuation
Emergency response procedures and communication between site and Office
Bushfire plan
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 2 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0439
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Well site cleared of as much potential flammable material as practicable
Camp area cleared of as much potential flammable material as possible
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence
1 of 2 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0439
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Vehicles
Fire at wellsite or Camp
Potential for fire at wellsite, camp or surrounding
location such as the access track
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Monitor hydration levels/dehydration
25 - Fatigue - Rig Operations
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 339
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Emergency Response Plan Personal Injury/Fatality Equipment malfunction HSE-PR-05-01 - Hazard and Risk Management Procedure
HSE-PR-05-09 - Plant & Equipment Safety Procedure Personnel with first aid training
Standard Operating Procedures First aid kits
Job Safety and Environmental Analysis
Insurance in place Financial Proactive and reactive maintenance program
Equipment inspections
Secondary retention on equipment
Critical spares on hand
Incompetent operators HSE-PR-05-16 - Fitness for Duty Procedure
HSE-PR-05-17 - Drug and Alcohol Procedure
Standard Operating Procedures
HSE-PR-05-07 - Lifting Equipment Procedure
Job Safety and Environmental Analysis
HSE-PR-05-24 - Working at Heights Procedure 30 - Crush Injuries - Raising Tubular, Lowering Tubular, Winch Operations, Tong Trained and competent personnel Operations ,Jack Operations
Equipment rig up incomplete Standard Operating Procedures
Rig Up checklist/inspection
Equipment uncertified HSE-PR-05-09 - Plant & Equipment Safety Procedure
Q-PR-06-01 - Management of Change Procedure
Proactive and reactive maintenance program
Uncertified Third party equipment and not fit for purpose HSE-PR-05-09 - Plant & Equipment Safety Procedure
Q-PR-09-01 - Contractor Selection and Management Procedure
Equipment inspections
Third Party Equipment and Personnel Procedure Q-PR- 09-02
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 349
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Emergency Response Plan Personal Injury/fatality Stored energy Safety meetings
Standard Operating Procedures First aid kits
HSE-PR-05-11 - Job Safety and Environment Analysis
Procedure Appropriate Insurances in place Equipment Damage
Job Safety and Environmental Analysis
Adequate illumination Spill Response Plan Environment
BOP in place Spill kits
BOP testing Spill Response Procedure (HSE-PR-06-06)
BOP and equipment certification (to >10000 psi)
Appropriate Insurances in place Finiancial Maintenance Procedures (M-PR-01-02) Preventative maintenance (M-PR-01-01) Modify program
Non/low rated equipment HSE-PR-05-12 - Tools and Equipment Procedure
HSE-PR-05-11 - Job Safety and Environment Analysis Procedure
Equipment inspections
HSE-PR-05-09 - Plant & Equipment Safety Procedure Well Control Event due to Equipment
failure; Uncontrolled release; Operator error. Poor maintenance Maintenance Procedures (M-PR-01-02) Preventative maintenance (M-PR-01-01)
Maintenance schedule
Equipment malfunction Hazard identification
HSE-PR-05-01 - Hazard and Risk Management Procedure
Emergency Response equipment(fire extinguishers, first aid kits, evacuation siren, Isolation points, emergency shut downs)
Maintenance Procedures (M-PR-01-02) Preventative maintenance (M-PR-01-01)
Maintenance schedule
Complacency Fatigue Management
Pre-start meeting
JHAs
SWP/SOPs
Risk review
Poor communication Pre-start meeting
Radio communications
Supervison Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 2 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0460
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Well Control Event due to Equipment failure; Uncontrolled release; Operator error.
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Use of Forklift/Telehandler
Constant communication
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0294
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Weather
obstructions
Crane/lifting ops
Reflect EWP controls, inlcude rated slings, and maintenance records.
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0296
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Effective housekeeping
SWP/SOPs Rigging up Iron and hoses and rigging down
Fatigue/heat stress/dehydration
SWP/SOPs
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0280
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Emergency Response Plan Personal injury/fatality Fall from height Permit to Work
HSE-PR-05-16 - Fitness for Duty Procedure Personnel with first aid training
Hazard identification First aid kits
HSE-PR-05-01 - Hazard and Risk Management Procedure
Insurance in place Financial HSE-PR-07-01 - Training & Competency Procedure
HSE-PR-05-11 - Job Safety and Environment Analysis Procedure
HSE-PR-05-17 - Drug and Alcohol Procedure
Job Safety and Environmental Analysis
Standard Operating Procedures
HSE-PR-04-01 - Emergency Preparedness and Response Procedure
Inductions
Training
Competency 11 - Working at Height - Acending to Workbasket; Descending from the Emergency Response Drills Workbasket; Working on top of the water Working at Height equipment (harnesses/lanyards) tanks; Rig Up and Rig Down Equipment
Fall arrest systems
Height Rescue equipment
Climbing ladder rungs - non slip tape
Supervision
Incorrect use of working at height equipment HSE-PR-05-01 - Hazard and Risk Management Procedure
Standard Operating Procedures
Working at Height equipment (harnesses/lanyards)
Monthly working at heights equipment inspections
Trained and competent personnel
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 1 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0325
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
First aid training and equipment Personnel Injury Engine/mechanical failure Air worthiness certificate issued
Daily pre-flight inspections of aircraft Emergency Response Plan
Pre & Post flight briefing held daily
Emergency Response Plan Fatalities In flight engine parameter checking Implement crisis management plan. Good pre-flight planning
Scheduled maintenance Proactively respond to media (PR consultant) Reputation damage
Implement crisis management plan. Bird Strike Filters on engine to prevent bird ingestion
Controlled maneuver to avoid bird strike.
Lack of Fuel Fuel storage at V2 camp
Fuel stored on bunded pallet.
Cover fuel bund
Good pre-flight planning
Poor weather Ongoing monitoring of weather conditions Accident during Helicopter Operations - Wet Season transport: Valhalla 2 to Helicopter to set down in extreme conditions wellsites
Helicopter operations at discretion of pilot Flow testing operations in Wet season may require Good pre-flight planning helicopter transport to access Asgard 1 and Valhalla North 1. Flight from Valhalla 2. Pre-flight obtaining weather conditions report
Boarding/disembarking Helicopter UHF Radio Contact
Designated landing area at As 1, VN 1 and V2 wellsites
Boarding assembly area
Minimal loads
Boarding Procedure (engine shut down, Pilot give go ahead for boarding etc.)
Pre & Post flight briefing held daily
Unsuitable landing area Wind socks
Designated landing area at As 1, VN 1 and V2 wellsites
Dust suppresion by sprinkler
Recce of landing locations
Daily checks of HLS for debris, removal as required.
Fatigue Rest breaks during shift at V2 Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence 1 of 2 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0567
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Regular flights only at shift change in daylight hours
Pilot accommodated in air conditioned V2 camp
Cause Not In Place Control In Place Control Critical Control Critical In Place Control Risk/Event Risk/Event Description Consequence
1 of 2 (c) Corporate Governance Risk Pty Ltd; All Rights Reserved Risk: 0567
Causes Prevention Controls Risk/Event Recovery Controls Consequences
Fatigue
Accident during Helicopter Operations - Wet Season transport: Valhalla 2 to wellsites
Flow testing operations in Wet season may require helicopter transport to access Asgard 1 and Valhalla North 1. Flight from Valhalla 2.
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK
Level 2 Document: Health Safety Security Environment MS
Program: TGS
Appendix D Approved TGS Program Standard Work Procedures
21-Dec-15 Page 97 of 98 Rev 2
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK
Level 2 Document: Health Safety Security Environment MS
Program: TGS
Procedure Document number
TGS Program Spill Response Procedure for Hydrocarbon and Chemical Spills HSE-PLN-024
JHA Procedure OP-PRO-049
Travel Management Procedure HSE-PRO-002
Permit to Work Procedure OP-PRO-046
HSE Procedure for Danger Tag Practices OP-PRO-047
HSE Incident Reporting Procedure HSE-PRO-009
Engineering Change Control Procedure OP-PRO-045
Track Maintenance Procedure OP-PRO-030
Tank Farm and Bunded Area Checks OP-PRO-051
Refueling Procedure HSE-PRO-011
Operations Management Procedure (replaces Demobilisation Procedure) OP-PR-025
Handling of Generated Waste Procedure OP-PRO-052
Micro-seismic Monitoring Procedure HSE-PRO-020
21-Dec-15 Page 98 of 98 Rev 2
Appendix 8
Report and Recommendations of the Environmental Protection Authority on the EP413 3D Seismic Acquisition Survey for Norwest Energy NL
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Fracking Inquiry Report_Appendices.indd 10 29/08/2018 12:01:38 PM This page has been intentionally left blank Report and recommendations of the Environmental Protection Authority
EP413 3D Seismic Acquisition Survey
Norwest Energy NL
Report 1530
October 2014 Assessment on Proponent Information Environmental Impact Assessment Process Timelines
Date Progress stages Time (weeks)
17 October 2013 Level of assessment set
Proponent’s Final API document received by 40 weeks 25 July 2014 EPA
21 August 2014 EPA Meeting 4 weeks
Provision of EPA report to the Minister for 5 weeks 1 October 2014 Environment
Publication of EPA report (3 days after report 3 days 6 October 2014 to Minister)
20 October 2014 Close of appeals period 2 weeks
Timelines for an assessment may vary according to the complexity of the project and are usually agreed with the proponent soon after the level of assessment is determined.
In this case, the Environmental Protection Authority did meet its timeline objective (11 weeks), for the completion of the assessment and provision of a report to the Minister, following receipt of the proponent’s final API document.
Dr Paul Vogel Chairman
1 October 2014
ISSN 1836-0483 (Print) ISSN 1836-0491 (Online) Assessment No. 1993
Contents
Page
1. Introduction and background 1
2. The proposal 2
3. Key environmental factors 2
4. Conclusions 4
5. Recommendations 5
Appendices
1. References 2. Assessment Table 3. Identified Decision-making Authorities 4. Recommended Environmental Conditions 5. Proponent’s API documentation
i
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ii 1. Introduction and background
This report provides the Environmental Protection Authority’s (EPA’s) advice and recommendations to the Minister for Environment on the proposal by Norwest Energy NL to undertake a 3D Seismic Acquisition Survey within exploration permit area EP413.
Section 44 of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 (EP Act) requires the EPA to report to the Minister for Environment on the outcome of its assessment of a proposal. The report must set out:
• the key environmental factors identified in the course of the assessment; and
• the EPA’s recommendations as to whether or not the proposal may be implemented, and, if the EPA recommends that implementation be allowed, the conditions and procedures to which implementation should be subject.
The EPA may include in the report any other advice and recommendations as it sees fit.
The proponent has submitted an Assessment on Proponent Information (API) document setting out the details of the proposal, potential environmental impacts and proposed commitments to manage those impacts.
The EPA considers that the proposal, as described, can be managed to meet the EPA’s environmental objectives, subject to the EPA’s recommended conditions being made legally binding.
This report provides the EPA advice and recommendations in accordance with section 44 of the EP Act.
1
2. The proposal
The EPA has considered the proposal by Norwest Energy NL to undertake a 3D seismic acquisition survey across a 10,600 hectare (ha) area within exploration permit area EP413 located north-west of Eneabba in the Midwest Region (see Figure 1). Exploration Permits are issued under the Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources Act 1967.
Norwest Energy referred this proposal to the EPA on 17 October 2013. The EPA set the level of assessment at API (Category A) on 9 December 2013.
The proposal involves the cutting and mulching of vegetation in a grid pattern of seismic lanes across the development envelope (see figure 1), which would include:
• up to 55 ha of high quality native vegetation within Beekeepers Nature Reserve; and • up to 130 ha of high quality native vegetation on adjacent farmland.
The seismic survey would be carried out over a period of 12 weeks and the survey lanes would then be left undisturbed to naturally regenerate. The proponent proposes to monitor the quality of vegetation regrowth for three years and, if necessary, carry out remedial revegetation works.
Full proposal details are included in the proponent’s API Document (Norwest Energy NL, 2014a) which is attached as Appendix 5.
The proposal has been declared a controlled action under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 because it involves impacts to vegetation which provides foraging habitat for the endangered Carnaby’s Black Cockatoo. The proposal is under separate assessment by the Commonwealth through assessment by preliminary documentation.
A comprehensive description of the proposal is given in Schedule 1 of the recommended environmental conditions (Appendix 4).
3. Key environmental factors
The EPA identified the following key environmental factors as being relevant to the proposal and requiring detailed environmental impact assessment:
(a) Flora and Vegetation; (b) Terrestrial Fauna; (c) Rehabilitation and Closure (Integrating factor); and (d) Offsets (Integrating factor).
2
Figure 1: Development envelope and regional location
3
A summary of the EPA’s assessment of these factors is shown in the Assessment Table in Appendix 2.
Preliminary environmental factors which the EPA determined not to be key environmental factors are discussed in the proponent’s API document (Norwest Energy NL, 2014a). The EPA considers that impacts to these factors do not require management under Part IV of the EP Act.
Detailed discussion describing the environmental factors, including information contained in relevant environmental studies, outcomes of consultation, and the proponent’s impact avoidance, minimisation and mitigation procedures are also contained in the proponent’s API document.
4. Conclusions
The EPA has concluded that the proposal can be managed to meet the EPA’s environmental objectives, provided there is satisfactory implementation by the proponent of the recommended conditions set out in Appendix 4.
In coming to this conclusion the EPA had regard to the following points:
• The proponent has proposed environmental management measures, including lane clearing and rehabilitation procedures, and dieback and weed quarantine, as specified in the proponent’s draft environmental management plan (EMP).
• Survey lanes have been positioned to avoid trees and conservation significant flora and will use a best practice vegetation clearing process (cutting and mulching) that optimises vegetation regrowth on the survey lanes.
• The Department of Parks and Wildlife advise that experience with surveys of this type (including previous seismic surveys in Beekeepers Nature Reserve) shows that the rehabilitation of survey lanes can be problematic. In addition, if third party access (four wheel drive vehicles, trail bikes) were to occur and/or dieback disease or weeds were to be introduced, there would be severe degradation of the conservation values of the vegetation.
• The EPA’s view is that the proposal should be implemented in a manner that ensures that there are no significant residual impacts to flora and fauna, and that an offset should only be triggered as a contingency in the event that there is an ongoing significant residual impact (for example, impacts to vegetation as a result of the introduction of dieback). This approach puts the focus on the proponent to diligently implement the EMP to minimise and rectify any impacts in the first instance.
4
• The EPA recommends condition 6 which strengthens the rehabilitation procedures by requiring an EMP which, among other matters, requires the proponent to carry out remedial rehabilitation, if necessary, until such time as the disturbed areas are returned to a defined acceptable condition.
• Recommended condition 6 (5) requires “significant residual environmental impact” trigger criteria to be defined. If this criteria is not met after five years (rather than three years as proposed by the proponent), the requirement for an offset will be triggered.
• The requirement for the offset itself (recommended condition 7). If the offset is triggered, then the EPA’s view is that this should be focussed on management of the reserve and not on land acquisition.
5. Recommendations
The EPA submits the following recommendations to the Minister for Environment:
1. That the Minister notes that the proposal being assessed is to undertake a 3D Seismic Acquisition Survey within exploration permit area EP413;
2. That the Minister considers the report on the key environmental factors as set out in Section 3;
3. That the Minister notes that the EPA has concluded that the proposal can be managed to meet the EPA’s environmental objectives, provided there is satisfactory implementation by the proponent of the recommended conditions set out in Appendix 4; and
4. That the Minister imposes the conditions and procedures recommended in Appendix 4 of this report.
5
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6
Appendix 1
References
Norwest Energy NL 2014 (a), EP413 3D Seismic Acquisition Survey: Assessment on Proponent Information – Environmental Review, July 2014.
Norwest Energy NL 2014 (b), EP413 3D Seismic Acquisition Survey: draft Environmental Management Plan, July 2014.
Norwest Energy NL 2014 (c), EP413 3D Seismic Acquisition Survey: Offsets Strategy, July 2014.
Appendix 2
Assessment Table
Assessment Table
Factor EPA Objective Potentially Significant Impact Management Actions Regulation Meets EPA Objective? (Without Mitigation) (Mitigation)
Vegetation To maintain Context Best Practice The EPA has recommended Yes. and flora. representation, • Good quality intact native • Seismic lanes to be prepared condition 6 which requires the The proposal has been diversity, viability vegetation of high biodiversity value by cutting and mulching to preparation of an designed and would be and ecological both within Beekeepers Nature minimise ground disturbance Environmental Management managed to avoid or function at the Reserve and in areas outside the and optimise regeneration of Plan (EMP). minimise impacts on species, reserve. vegetation. This EMP will specify the vegetation and flora. population and methods, procedures and community level. Key Survey Findings Minimisation The EPA has recommended management to minimise the the EMP is a condition of • Level 1 Biological Survey including • Minimisation of seismic lane impacts on vegetation and approval. desktop study and reconnaissance widths. flora. The proposal can be survey. Potential for conservation • Avoidance of trees and managed to meet the EPA’s significant flora (Priority flora conservation-significant flora objective for Vegetation and species). species. Flora. There is potential for Impacts Management a significant residual impact • Direct loss of vegetation from • Application of dieback and if rehabilitation is clearing. Up to 55 ha of high quality weed quarantine procedures. unsuccessful and/or dieback native vegetation within Beekeepers and weeds are introduced. Nature Reserve; and up to 130 ha • Application of fire and feral of high quality native vegetation on animal control/management adjacent farmland. procedures. • Possible edge effects (degradation • Concealment and/or blocking of vegetation along margins of of seismic lanes to prevent seismic lanes, such as from third party access. desiccation). • If rehabilitation is unsuccessful there will be loss / degradation of vegetation and fauna habitat. • Indirect (and potentially ongoing) loss / degradation of vegetation should third party access occur or dieback or weeds be introduced).
Factor EPA Objective Potentially Significant Impact Management Actions Regulation Meets EPA Objective? (Without Mitigation) (Mitigation)
• There is potential for a significant residual impact on vegetation and flora if rehabilitation is unsuccessful and/or dieback and weeds are introduced.
Terrestrial To maintain Context Management As above, the EMP required Yes. fauna. representation, • Good quality intact native • Management measures as by condition 6 will specify the The proposal has been diversity, viability vegetation both within Beekeepers noted above to minimise methods, procedures and designed and would be and ecological Nature Reserve and in areas impacts to fauna habitat. management to minimise the managed to avoid or function at the outside the reserve provides habitat impacts on native fauna and minimise impacts on fauna. species, • The proponent has undertaken fauna habitat. for Carnaby’s Black Cockatoo, other to provide funding for control of The EPA has recommended population and bird species and other wildlife such assemblage level. feral predators. the EMP is a condition of as honey possums and reptiles. approval.
Impacts The proposal can be • Direct loss / degradation of fauna managed to meet the EPA’s habitat from clearing. objectives for Terrestrial Fauna. There is potential • Indirect (and potentially ongoing) for a significant residual loss / degradation of fauna habitat impact if the proposal is not should third party access occur or successfully rehabilitated, dieback or weeds be introduced. feral animal management is • Indirect loss/degradation of fauna not successful and/or habitat if dieback is introduced. dieback is introduced. • Increased access to area by feral predators (foxes, cats) along the cleared seismic lanes causing increased mortality of native fauna. • There is potential for a significant residual impact on fauna if rehabilitation is unsuccessful and/or dieback is introduced.
Factor EPA Objective Potentially Significant Impact Management Actions Regulation Meets EPA Objective? (Without Mitigation) (Mitigation)
Rehabilitation To ensure that Context Monitoring The EMP required by Yes. and closure premises can be • There is potential for a significant • Baseline vegetation condition. condition 6 will specify The EPA’s view is that the (Integrating closed, “completion criteria”, proponent should diligently residual impact if rehabilitation is • Success of lane access factor). decommissioned (developed in consultation implement the proposal and unsuccessful and there is a loss / closure. and rehabilitated degradation of vegetation and fauna with the Department of Parks the management proposed in an ecologically habitat. • Regrowth of disturbed areas. and Wildlife) prior to seismic in the EMP, to minimise and sustainable lane preparation. • Weeds and dieback. rectify any impacts on the manner, If the criteria are not met, the flora and vegetation. consistent with Management proponent must implement The proposal can be agreed outcomes • Remedial rehabilitation remedial rehabilitation and land uses, managed to meet the EPA’s measures. measures. and without objective for Rehabilitation unacceptable and Closure provided there liability to the is a contingent offset in the state. event that the proposal is not successfully rehabilitated. Offsets To Context The EMP required by Yes. (Integrating counterbalance • There is potential for ongoing condition 6 will specify An offset should only be factor). any significant significant residual environmental “significant residual triggered as a contingency residual impacts to flora and fauna if environmental impact” criteria in the event that there is an environmental rehabilitation is unsuccessful, (developed in consultation ongoing significant residual impacts or dieback or weeds are introduced with the Department of Parks impact. uncertainty and/or feral animal management is and Wildlife) prior to seismic through the not successful. lane preparation. application of The EPA has recommended • If significant residual environmental offsets. condition 7 which requires an impacts remain after reasonable offset should a “significant rehabilitation and management residual environmental measures are undertaken, the impact” be identified five years reserve Manager (Department of after commencement of the Parks and Wildlife) may be left with proposal. a future liability for reserve management.
Appendix 3
Identified Decision-making Authorities
Identified Decision-making Authorities
Section 44(2) of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 (EP Act) specifies that the EPA’s report must set out (if it recommends that implementation be allowed) the conditions and procedures, if any, to which implementation should be subject. This Appendix contains the EPA’s recommended conditions and procedures.
Section 45(1) requires the Minister for Environment to consult with decision-making authorities (DMAs), and if possible, agree on whether or not the proposal may be implemented, and if so, to what conditions and procedures, if any, that implementation should be subject.
The following DMAs have been identified for this consultation:
Decision-making Authority Approval
1. Minister for Mines and Petroleum Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources Act 1967 2. Department of Mines and Petroleum Petroleum and Geothermal Energy Resources Act 1967 Note: In this instance, agreement is only required with DMA No. 1 since this DMA is a Minister.
Appendix 4
Recommended Environmental Conditions
Attachment 1
Statement No. xxx
RECOMMENDED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
STATEMENT THAT A PROPOSAL MAY BE IMPLEMENTED (Environmental Protection Act 1986)
EP 413 3D SEISMIC ACQUISITION SURVEY
Proposal: The proposal is to undertake a 3D seismic acquisition survey across a 10,600 hectare area within exploration permit area EP413. The proposal comprises the following elements:
• Preparation of north-south and east-west vehicle access lanes by cutting vegetation above ground level and mulching greenstock with immediate replacement of mulch in-situ (also known as “raised blade roller mulching”). • Laying source and receiver lines along lanes and insertion of geophones to a depth of 0.1 metres. • Undertaking seismic analysis (generation of acoustic signal) using vibroseis trucks. • Demobilising, rehabilitating and closing vehicular access to seismic lines, monitoring and, as required, remedial rehabilitation works.
Proponent: Norwest Energy NL Australian Company Number 078 301 505
Proponent Address: PO Box 8260 Perth Business Centre WA 6849
Assessment Number: 1993
Report of the Environmental Protection Authority: 1530
Pursuant to section 45 of the Environmental Protection Act 1986 it has been agreed that the proposal described and documented in Schedule 1 may be implemented and that the implementation of the proposal is subject to the following implementation conditions and procedures:
Note: Words and expressions used in this Statement shall have the same respective meanings as in the Act or as provided for in Schedule 1 of this Statement. 1 Proposal Implementation
1-1 When implementing the proposal, the proponent shall not exceed the authorised extent of the proposal as defined in Table 2 in Schedule 1, unless amendments to the proposal and the authorised extent of the proposal has been approved under the EP Act.
2 Contact Details
2-1 The proponent shall notify the CEO of any change of its name, physical address or postal address for the serving of notices or other correspondence within twenty eight (28) days of such change. Where the proponent is a corporation or an association of persons, whether incorporated or not, the postal address is that of the principal place of business or of the principal office in the State.
3 Time Limit for Proposal Implementation
3-1 The proponent shall not commence implementation of the proposal after the expiration of five (5) years from the date of this Statement, and any commencement, within this five (5) year period, must be substantial.
3-2 Any commencement of implementation of the proposal, within five (5) years from the date of this Statement, must be demonstrated as substantial by providing the CEO with written evidence, on or before the expiration of five (5) years from the date of this Statement.
4 Compliance Reporting
4-1 The proponent shall prepare, submit and maintain a Compliance Assessment Plan to the CEO at least six (6) months prior to the first Compliance Assessment Report required by condition 4-6, or prior to implementation, whichever is sooner.
4-2 The Compliance Assessment Plan shall indicate:
(1) the frequency of compliance reporting;
(2) the approach and timing of compliance assessments;
(3) the retention of compliance assessments;
(4) the method of reporting of potential non-compliances and corrective actions taken;
(5) the table of contents of Compliance Assessment Reports; and (6) public availability of Compliance Assessment Reports.
4-3 After receiving notice in writing from the CEO that the Compliance Assessment Plan satisfies the requirements of condition 4-2 the proponent shall assess compliance with conditions in accordance with the Compliance Assessment Plan required by condition 4-1.
4-4 The proponent shall retain reports of all compliance assessments described in the Compliance Assessment Plan required by condition 4-1 and shall make those reports available when requested by the CEO.
4-5 The proponent shall advise the CEO of any potential non-compliance within seven (7) days of that non-compliance being known.
4-6 The proponent shall submit to the CEO the first Compliance Assessment Report fifteen (15) months from the date of issue of this Statement addressing the twelve (12) month period from the date of issue of this Statement and then annually from the date of submission of the first Compliance Assessment Report, or as agreed in writing by the CEO.
The Compliance Assessment Report shall:
(1) be endorsed by the proponent’s Chief Executive Officer or a person delegated to sign on the Chief Executive Officer’s behalf;
(2) include a statement as to whether the proponent has complied with the conditions;
(3) identify all potential non-compliances and describe corrective and preventative actions taken;
(4) be made publicly available in accordance with the approved Compliance Assessment Plan; and
(5) indicate any proposed changes to the Compliance Assessment Plan required by condition 4-1.
5 Public Availability of Data
5-1 Subject to condition 5-2, within a reasonable time period approved by the CEO of the issue of this Statement and for the remainder of the life of the proposal the proponent shall make publicly available, in a manner approved by the CEO, all validated environmental data (including sampling design, sampling methodologies, empirical data and derived information products (e.g. maps)) relevant to the assessment of this proposal and implementation of this Statement.
5-2 If any data referred to in condition 5-1 contains particulars of: (1) a secret formula or process; or
(2) confidential commercially sensitive information;
the proponent may submit a request for approval from the CEO to not make this data publicly available. In making such a request the proponent shall provide the CEO with an explanation and reasons why the data should not be made publicly available.
6 Environmental Management Plan
6-1 The proponent shall ensure that the proposal is implemented in a manner that minimises impacts to native flora, vegetation and fauna, and that recovery of vegetation impacted by the proposal is not inhibited.
6-2 Prior to the commencement of seismic lane preparation, the proponent shall prepare an Environmental Management Plan on advice of the Department of Parks and Wildlife and submit it to the CEO. Note: seismic lane preparation refers to rolling and/or cutting of vegetation. The Environmental Management Plan shall:
(1) specify management actions that will be implemented to ensure the management objective in condition 6-1 is achieved;
(2) describe the minimal impact clearing process for seismic lanes;
(3) describe procedures for avoiding trees, conservation significant flora, wetlands, streams and rivers;
(4) describe procedures for dieback and weed quarantine and control, preventing third party access to seismic lanes, and for the control of feral predators and fire;
(5) describe monitoring methodology to establish; baseline vegetation condition, lane access closure success, regrowth of the disturbed areas, and presence of weeds and/or dieback;
(6) specify staged completion criteria for disturbed areas;
(7) specify contingency plans including remedial rehabilitation procedures and lane access closure procedures should the staged completion criteria not be met; and (8) specify significant residual environmental impact trigger criteria for disturbed areas.
6-3 After receiving notice in writing from the CEO that the Environmental Management Plan satisfies the requirements of condition 6-2, the proponent shall: (1) implement the management actions and monitor in accordance with the requirements of the Environmental Management Plan; and (2) continue to implement the management actions and monitor in accordance with the requirements of the Environmental Management Plan until the CEO has confirmed by notice in writing that it has been demonstrated that the objective in condition 6-1 has been met and therefore the implementation of the management actions and monitoring is no longer required. 6-4 In the event that the monitoring specified in condition 6-2(5) indicates that the staged completion criteria specified in condition 6-2(6) is not being met, the proponent shall: (1) immediately implement the contingency actions specified in condition 6-2(7) and continue implementation of those actions until the completion criteria is met or until the CEO has confirmed by notice in writing that implementation of the contingency actions is no longer required. 6-5 The proponent shall review and revise the Environmental Management Plan as and when directed by the CEO. 6-6 Revisions to the Environmental Management Plan may be approved by the CEO on advice of the Department of Parks and Wildlife. 6-7 The proponent shall implement the latest revision of the Environmental Management Plan required by condition 6-5 until advised otherwise by the CEO.
7 Offsets
7-1 If, five years after commencement of implementation of the proposal the CEO determines, in consultation with the Department of Parks and Wildlife, that monitoring required by condition 6-3 (5) indicates that implementation of the proposal has resulted in a significant residual environmental impact, the proponent shall prepare and implement an Offsets Strategy to the requirements of the CEO, in consultation with the Department of Parks and Wildlife. 7-2 The value of offset(s) to be provided shall be not less than $200,000 AUD indexed to the Perth CPI.
Schedule 1 Table 1: Summary of the Proposal
Proposal Title EP 413 3D SEISMIC ACQUISITION SURVEY
Short Description The proposal is to undertake a 3D seismic acquisition survey across a 10,600 hectare area within exploration permit area EP413. The proposal comprises the following elements:
• Preparation of north-south and east-west vehicle access lanes by cutting vegetation above ground level and mulching greenstock with immediate replacement of mulch in-situ (also known as “raised blade roller mulching”). • Laying source and receiver lines along lanes and insertion of geophones to a depth of 0.1 metres. • Undertaking seismic analysis (generation of acoustic signal) using vibroseis trucks. • Demobilising, rehabilitating and closing vehicular access to seismic lines, monitoring and, as required, remedial rehabilitation works.
Table 2: Location and authorised extent of physical and operational elements
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Element Location Authorised Extent Seismic lines Beekeepers Nature Up to 55 hectares. Reserve (as shown in figure 1). Seismic lines Native vegetation outside Up to 130 hectares. nature reserve (as shown in figure 1).
Table 3: Abbreviations and Definitions
Acronym or Definition or Term Abbreviation CEO The Chief Executive Officer of the Department of the Public Service of the State responsible for the administration of section 48 of the Environmental Protection Act 1986, or his delegate. CPI Consumer Price Index EPA Environmental Protection Authority.
Figure 1: Development envelope and regional location
Schedule 2
EP 413 3D SEISMIC ACQUISITION SURVEY
Coordinates that define the development envelope within exploration permit area EP413
Coordinates defining the 3D seismic acquisition survey (proposal) Development Envelope as shown in Figure 1 of the Ministerial Statement are held by the Office of the EPA, dated 1 October 2014.
Appendix 5
Proponent’s API documentation
Provided on CD in hardcopies and available on the EPA’s website Appendix 9
Offsets for the Wheatstone development: Gas processing, export facilities and infrastructure
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Fracking Inquiry Report_Appendices.indd 11 29/08/2018 12:01:39 PM This page has been intentionally left blank
Project name Wheatstone Development - Gas Processing, Export Facilities and Infrastructure Proponent(s) Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Project 12 kilometres south of the town of Onslow location Project Pilbara bioregion(s) Assessment Benthic Habitat, Flora and Vegetation, Marine Fauna and Flora criteria Residual Following all mitigation efforts, the following significant residual impact impacts and risks remain: Potential permanent loss of: - 10 hectares of seagrass; - 37 hectares of coral; - 250 hectares of macroalgae; and - 2272 hectares of filter feeders. - 108 hectares of high tidal flats; - 4 hectares of magroves/ Hooley Creek; - 52 hectares of algal mats/Hooley Creek & Four Mile Creek system; - 265 hectares of Cane River Conservation Park and proposed extensions Statutory EP Act Environmental Impact Assessment (Part IV) process Approved 3300.0 project area (ha) Ministerial 873 statement: Date: 2011-08-30 OFFSET 1 Offset Offset funds, Research Type(s): Offset Project A - research to improve the understanding and management Rationale: of the impacts of dredging on tropical marine communities. The aim of the research project is to allow for better knowledge of the impacts of dredging operations so that future proposals in Western Australia can adopt these practices to minimise impacts on the benthic communities. All research will be publicly available and the proponent is expected to apply any of the findings learnt in its operations. Research coordinated through Western Australian Marine Science Institute (WAMSI). Offset N/A location: Offset N/A Bioregion(s): OFFSET 2 Offset Offset funds, Research Type(s): Offset Project B - Improving the understanding of west Pilbara marine Rationale: habitats, connectivity and recovery potential following natural and human induced disturbance The aim of the research is to add to the understanding of west Pilbara marine habitats (including coral and seagrass communities), their level of connectivity and recovery potential following natural and human induced disturbance. All research will be publicly available and the proponent is expected to apply any of the findings learnt in its operations. Research coordinated through the Department of Parks and Wildlife Offset West Pilbara location: Offset Pilbara Bioregion(s): OFFSET 3 Offset Offset funds, Research Type(s): Offset Project C Identification and improved management of critical habitat Rationale: for the following threatened marine species: 1) humpback whales; 2) dugongs; and 3) snubfin dolphins in Pilbara waters. The aim of the research is to add to the understanding and improved management of regionally critical habitat for humpback whales, dugongs and snubfin dolphins in Pilbara waters. All research will be publicly available and the proponent is expected to apply any of the findings learnt in its operations. Research coordinated through the Department of Parks and Wildlife Offset Pilbara Waters location: Offset Pilbara Bioregion(s): OFFSET 4 Offset Offset funds, On ground management Type(s): Offset Project D Management of Nature Reserve Rationale: The aim of the funding will be to assist DEC in the management of potential impacts and risks associated with increased visitation to island nature reserves managed under the Conservation and Land Management Act 1984 within the vicinity of the Proposal. Project undertaken by the Department of Parks and Wildlife Offset Island Nature Reserves within the vicinity of the proposal location: Offset Pilbara Bioregion(s): OFFSET 5 Offset Offset funds, On ground management Type(s): Offset Project E - Management of potential additional recreational fishing Rationale: pressure within vicinity of the Proposal The aim of the funding will be to assist the Department of Fisheries enforce compliance with bag limits and size limits in the coastal and estuarine environment within the vicinity of the Proposal. The project will be undertaken by the Department of Fisheries Offset In the vicinity of the proposal location: Offset Pilbara Bioregion(s): OFFSET 6 Offset Offset funds, Onground management Type(s): Offset Project F - Management of Conservation Park Rationale: The aim of the funding will be to assist DEC in the management of potential impacts and risks to the Cane River Conservation Park and proposed extensions associated with increased visitation from the Proposal. This project will be undertaken by the Department of Parks and Wildlife Offset Cane River Conservation Park and proposed extensions location: Offset Pilbara Bioregion(s):
OFFSET 7 Offset Other Type(s): Offset Project G - Contingency Fund Rationale: Contingency fund for the purposes of remediating potential impacts to offshore islands and the Cane River Conservation Park and proposed extensions where impacts can be reasonably attributed to the Proposal. Offset n/a location: Offset n/a Bioregion(s):
Project: Wheatstone Development - Gas processing, export facilities and infrastructure
Proponent: Chevron Australia Pty Ltd
EPA Report 1404, June 2011
Ministerial Statement 873, condition 22
While the proponent has endeavoured to minimise the impacts of the proposal, the EPA recognised that significant residual marine and terrestrial environmental impacts remained, including Marine habitat /species, Near shore/wetland habitat, native vegetation and conservation areas.
To manage these residual environmental impacts and risks, the proponent has proposed the following additional measures (offsets):
Research projects to:
• improve the understanding and management of the impacts of dredging on tropical marine communities; • improve the understanding of west Pilbara marine habitats, connectivity and recovery potential following natural and human induced disturbance; • identify and improve management of critical habitat for threatened marine species including humpback whales, dugongs and snubfin dolphins in Pilbara waters; and Management projects for addressing:
• the impacts and risks associated with increased visitation to island nature reserves managed under the Conservation and Land Management Act 1984 within the vicinity of the Project; • additional recreational fishing pressure within the vicinity of the Project; and • impacts and risks associated with increased visitation to the Cane River Conservation Park and proposed extensions. In addition, the proponent would maintain a contingency fund for the purposes of remediating impacts to offshore islands and the Cane River Conservation Park and proposed extensions where impacts can be reasonably attributed to the Wheatstone project.
The EPA has concluded that the proposed residual impacts and risk management measures sufficiently address the residual environmental impacts and risks of the proposal on the State’s biodiversity assets.
Appendix 10
Reportable and Recordable Incidents for onshore petroleum activities in Western Australia since July 2012
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Fracking Inquiry Report_Appendices.indd 12 29/08/2018 12:01:39 PM This page has been intentionally left blank Recordable Liquid Spills Incidents for Onshore Petroleum Activities in WA
1 July 2012 to July 2017
Incident Liquid Volume Description by Company Region Date (litres)
Approx. 40L of hydraulic oil was lost to ground due to a 1/10/2012 40 Pilbara T clamp failure on a hydraulic hose. 2/10/2012 Failure of hydraulic hose causing <40L of oil to spill. 40 Kimberley Approximately 500mL of engine oil was spilt to ground 6/10/2012 0.5 Pilbara from a genset This was caused by mechanical failure. Approximately 1 L of hydraulic oil was spilt to ground 9/10/2012 1 Pilbara due to a hydraulic hose lug not being fitted correctly. Approximately 1 L of diesel was observed to have spilt 12/10/2012 1 Pilbara to ground. 19/10/2012 Fuel had leaked from the fuel trailer onto the ground. 3 Mid-west Fuel spill due to a faulty flow meter on the refuelling 27/10/2012 10 Mid-west trailer. Approximately 5-10L of diesel. 28/10/2012 <1000L demineralised water spilled. 1000 Perth 2/11/2012 20L of fuel spilt on ground near fuel tanker. 20 East Pilbara During testing a hydraulic coupling failed resulting in 8/11/2012 30 Pilbara loss of 30 L to ground During relocating pipework, 10 L of residual salt water 16/11/2012 10 Pilbara in low point of pipe spilled to ground. Fuel leak from the fuel trailer onto the ground. 19/11/2012 3 Mid-west Approximately 2-3L of diesel. Mechanical failure, 1 Litre of hydraulic fluid was spilt to 20/11/2012 1 Pilbara land. During refuelling of a generator, approximately 1 L of 23/11/2012 1 Pilbara diesel was spilt to ground. A diesel spill beneath truck fuel tank of approximately 25/11/2012 10 Pilbara 10L 2/12/2012 Loss of containment of oil. 17 Pilbara A car battery overheated resulting in a small quantity of 2/12/2012 1 Pilbara battery acid lost to ground. 9/12/2012 Hydraulic spill from pressure gauge. 8 East Pilbara Trench effluent was pumped outside of the approved 9/12/2012 Not reported Pilbara ground and vegetation disturbance boundary. Approximately 5-10 L of diesel spilt to ground when a 11/12/2012 10 Pilbara jerry can tipped over. Produced Formation Water lost to ground from a pin 1/01/2013 30 Mid-West hole leak. 3/01/2013 100L diesel spill during fuel transfer at rig site. 100 East Pilbara 8/01/2013 Oil leak onto compacted hardstand. 180 Pilbara Tri Ethylene Glycol (TEG)/water mixture spilt to bunded 16/01/2013 50 Mid-West area Container of 40% Glycol in potable water valve failure 18/01/2013 leaked to bund. Approximately 240 L of the liquid lost in 240 Mid-West the bund was Glycol. Oil spilt into bunded area whilst performing first fill of a 18/01/2013 Not reported Mid-west bulk oil tank. Approximately 40L of crude oil was spilt into the 18/01/2013 40 Kimberley bunded area. 205 litre drum punctured in fuel storage area, spilled 29/01/2013 205 Pilbara into containment bund only. Waste Water Treatment Plant effluent overflow due to 3/02/2013 150 Mid-west discharge pump to malfunction. 205L diesel drum pierced during delivery, oil contained 5/02/2013 205 Pilbara in containment bund. 6/02/2013 Truck spilled 100mm of oil to ground. 0.1 Pilbara Release of 4 litres hydraulic fluid. The spill occurred as 18/02/2013 4 Pilbara hydraulic fitting was not correctly tightened. Release of 0.2 L hydraulic fluid petroleum based. Faulty 24/02/2013 0.3 Pilbara fitting/hose. Oil stain noticed on blue metal at oil /water separator 2/04/2013 0.5 Mid-west tank. A hydrocarbon spill of approximately two litres due to a 7/04/2013 2 Pilbara hose failure. Refuelling failure resulted in overflow of diesel to ground. 8/04/2013 100 Pilbara Approximately 90% of the spilled material was retained within a hardstand bitumen area. 9/04/2013 Spill of drilling mud. Not reported Kimberley A hydrocarbon spill of approximately 0.5 L due to a 17/04/2013 0.5 Pilbara hose failure. 23/04/2013 Leaking hydraulic hose on Elevating Work Platform. 0.05 Mid-west 29/04/2013 Fuel spill at temporary generator 0.1 litre. 0.1 Mid-west 13/05/2013 Approximately 40L of oily water spilt on the ground. 40 Kimberley Less than 50 ml of biocide leaking onto and drying on 16/05/2013 0.05 Mid-west the bulky tank. Minor laundry wastewater spill of approximately 300L 31/05/2013 300 Pilbara occurred. Estimated that 30-50L of oil and water was leaked into 3/06/2013 50 Kimberley the tank bund area. A hydraulic oil spill was caused by a split in a hydraulic 17/06/2013 3 Pilbara hose 23/06/2013 Evidence of a small oil spill in the parking area. - 0.1 L. 0.1 Pilbara 24/06/2013 Crude oil left on the floor in the load out bay. 1 Mid-West Minor seepage from around internal valve gasket of 28/06/2013 0.15 Mid-West crude oil. 7/07/2013 Operator error causing 0.5 L diesel spill to the ground. 0.5 Pilbara Approximately 750 L of oily water was discharged onto 15/07/2013 750 Pilbara an area of approximately 2 m2. A small volume of oil had spilt to ground from loader 20/07/2013 1 Pilbara due to failed O-ring. - 1 L. Seal failure on pump causing a leak of 260 litres of 24/07/2013 260 Mid-West coolant fluid to bunded area. Leak from the section of flowline buried within a bund wall. Unplanned release of hydrocarbons. Estimated 25/07/2013 1415 Kimberley that approximately 1,400L of water and 15L of oil leaked into the bunded area. Approximately 1,400L of water and 15L of oil leaked 25/07/2013 15 Kimberley into the bunded area during operations. Release of approx. 2.2 bbl. of water-based drill fluid to 29/07/2013 350 Pilbara hardstand due to overflow of mud tank. 20 litre oil spill within concrete bunded area when hose 30/07/2013 20 Mid-west pulled off camlock fitting. Approximately 100 L of grey water overflowed from the 31/07/2013 100 Pilbara sites greywater tank. Eastern 4/08/2013 A small quantity of oil was lost to ground. 3 Goldfields 7/08/2013 Oil leak in front end loader. 1 Pilbara 16/08/2013 Transfer hose failure, hydrocarbon condensate leak. 40 Mid-west Balance tank at wastewater treatment plant 30/08/2013 overflowed, causing treated wastewater to spill to 350 Pilbara ground. -Approximately 350L. Diesel seeped past the concrete apron at the temporary 31/08/2013 10 Pilbara fuel farm. Waste water from an ablution holding tank overflowed Eastern 3/09/2013 15 to ground Goldfields 4/09/2013 Lube oil vented abnormally and discharged. 0.1 Mid-west Minor hydraulic oil leak from equipment, Less than 9/09/2013 0.5 Mid-west 0.5litres Eastern 12/09/2013 A small quantity of oil was lost to ground 0.5 Goldfields 24/09/2013 Treated wastewater spill to ground. 150 Pilbara 25/09/2013 A small hydraulic leak from machinery. 3 Kimberley Hydraulic hose burst on loader and a small quantity of Eastern 6/10/2013 5 oil was lost to ground ~ 5L Goldfields 15/10/2013 Release of 1L Diesel- Leak in fuel tank of vehicle. 1 Pilbara A series of small diesel spills (total quantity < 5 litres) 17/10/2013 occurred during works to decommission site 5 Pilbara generators. Irrigation Pump failed leading to effluent overflow & Eastern 3/11/2013 100 leakage ~ 100L Goldfields 6/11/2013 Spill to concrete whilst draining oil from low point drain. 0.1 Mid-west 10/11/2013 Less than 1L of hydrocarbon was spilt to ground. 1 Pilbara Less than 1L of battery acid was spilled to ground as 11/11/2013 1 Pilbara spent batteries were not being stored on bunding. Hose failure resulted in Hydraulic oil spill during 17/11/2013 10 South West operations. Diesel spill. 19/11/2013 0.9 Mid-west Loose fuel filter on portable compressor Hydraulic seal on a hose failed. Approximately 5-10L of 20/11/2013 10 Kimberley hydraulic oil was spilt. An estimated 30 litres of rainwater overflowed into 22/11/2013 the lease road. A slight oily sheen was observed on the 30 South West pooled rainwater. Approximately 50 L of diesel was spilled onto the 22/11/2013 50 South West bunded lease liner. 22/11/2013 Release of 1.64 Kilos Corrosion Inhibitor. 1.64 Kg Pilbara Spill of diesel to ground. 2/12/2013 2 Pilbara Less than 2 L was spilled within a 20 m2 area. Loss of containment of 80 L of liquid (type not 2/12/2013 80 Mid-west indicated) affecting 5 m2. Approximately 20 L of oil leak into well cellar and 3/12/2013 20 Kimberley ground. 4/12/2013 Spill of oil based mud in the bunded area. 50 South West Approximately 240L of drilling fluid spilled in bunded 8/12/2013 240 South West area. 10/12/2013 Found oil on ground where crane had been parked, <1L 1 Pilbara Diesel fuel overflowed whilst filling due to a faulty 12/12/2013 gauge resulting in spill of diesel to ground. 20 -30 L was 30 Pilbara spilled onto a 5 - 10 m2 sealed surface. Approximately 5 L of emulsifier had leaked into sea 18/12/2013 5 Kimberley container. Spill of diesel to ground. Less than 3 L was spilled within 22/12/2013 3 Pilbara a 5 m2 sealed surface. Approximately 10 L of oily foam was spilt within the 8/01/2014 10 Kimberley bunded area. Storage vessel failure loss of containment of 15L of 9/01/2014 15 Mid-west odorant compound. Failure of valve actuator resulting in oil. Less than 20 L 23/01/2014 20 Pilbara within an approximately 2 m2 area of blue metal gravel. Oil containment take has filled with water and spilled Eastern 29/01/2014 50 oily water out over the ground - <50L Goldfields Approximately 1 L of hydraulic oil leaked onto the 2/02/2014 1 Kimberley ground from the air compressor. Service truck was overfilled spilling approximately 10 L 7/02/2014 10 Kimberley of engine oil to the ground. Approximately 20 L of drilling mud spilt onto the 12/02/2014 20 Kimberley ground. An excavator leaked approximately 4 L of hydraulic oil 20/02/2014 4 Kimberley onto the ground. 4 L of hydraulic oil spilled to ground due to a hydraulic 3/03/2014 4 Pilbara hose failure on the Water Cart. 0.75 L of diesel was spilled to ground (outside bunding) 4/03/2014 0.75 Pilbara during refuelling of a light vehicle. Approximately 10-20L of crude oil was spilt into the 12/03/2014 20 Kimberley load out bund. Eastern 20/03/2014 Leaking oil from tank. 40 Goldfields 28/03/2014 Approximately 40 L of diesel was spilt into the bund. 40 Kimberley 31/03/2014 0.1 L hydraulic oil spilled to ground from an Excavator. 0.1 Pilbara 4/04/2014 Less than 2 L of oil leaked into a drip tray. 2 Kimberley Cuttings containers on lease found to be leaking 7/04/2014 residue from individual cuttings bags inside. 20 Pilbara Estimated 20 litres spilled (predominantly water). Tank overflowed spilling less than 20 L of oil into the 13/04/2014 20 Kimberley bund. Bucket of lube oil overflowed onto ground when 29/04/2014 20 Mid-west draining seal pot. Approximately 2 litres of crude oil spilled into the 3/05/2014 2 Mid-west bunded loading bay. A minor (100mL) hydraulic oil stain was discovered on 10/05/2014 0.1 Pilbara the ground near a water truck. Approximately 0.5 litres oil spilt, open drains tank 11/05/2014 0.5 Pilbara overflow. 14/05/2014 Approximately 5 L of crude oil was spilt to bunded area. 5 Kimberley 22/05/2014 20 -30 L crude oil spilled into the bunded area. 30 Mid-west 24/05/2014 0.2L spill of crude oil spilt to a bunded area. 0.2 Kimberley Spill of approximately 140 L of emulsifier spilt to a 25/05/2014 140 Kimberley bunded sea container. Approximately 10L of diesel was spilt to ground from a 27/05/2014 10 Pilbara cracked fuel tank on a tipper truck. Approximately 12L of torque fluid was sprayed on the 1/06/2014 12 Pilbara ground from a loader. Produced formation water leak from pinhole leak in 1/06/2014 Not reported Mid-west welded pipe. A hydraulic hose on an excavator leaked causing a 5/06/2014 0.5 Pilbara minor spill. A hose on a bobcat became loose resulting in ~5L Eastern 6/06/2014 5 hydraulic oil spilling on the ground. Goldfields Hydraulic hose leaked causing a minor spill 6/06/2014 1 Pilbara approximately 1L of oil was spilled onto a <1 m2 A malfunction on an excavator caused a minor spill of 7/06/2014 5 Pilbara approximately 5L of engine oil. Spray from the pump and sprinkler set up, used to aid the evaporation process on the large evaporation pond, 11/06/2014 50 Pilbara was blown outside of the confines of the pond wall and on to the adjacent ground by strong winds. 14/06/2014 Small spill of oil drops to ground. 0.01 Pilbara 16/06/2014 Minor spill from rock breaker hose couplings. 0.01 Pilbara Hose worn, spilling hydraulic oil onto the plant and 17/06/2014 15 Pilbara ground. 15L (2m2 of ground affected) Less than 500mL of hydraulic oil was spilt after a hose 18/06/2014 0.5 Pilbara coupling failed. Loss of produced formation water to the ground with 19/06/2014 300 Mid-west very little to no hydrocarbons present. Mud spill while liquids being transferred between two 22/06/2014 Not Reported Mid-West tanks 75m2 of ground affected. Approximately 100 L of treated waste water (ready for 22/06/2014 100 Pilbara discharge) was spilled. Approximately 50mL of hydraulic fluid was spilled to 26/06/2014 0.05 Pilbara the ground during mechanical repairs. Less than 1L of hydraulic oil was spilt to ground after a 27/06/2014 1 Pilbara hose failure on the loader. Hoses are plugged and bagged however during the 27/06/2014 rainfall event the bag filled with water and small drops 0.01 Pilbara started dripping to the ground (0.01L). Hose burst while operating the machine. Oil spilled to 27/06/2014 2 Pilbara ground (approximately 2L). Approximately 5 L (human) waste water was spilled 28/06/2014 5 Pilbara onto a <1 m2 area Operator error while refuelling approximately 10 L of 30/06/2014 10 Pilbara diesel spilled onto a <1 m2 area. During the operation of the evaporation pond sprinkler system, airborne mist drifted outside of the 1/07/2014 375 Pilbara evaporation pond boundary, and settled on surrounding land. Approximately 50L of hydraulic oil spilled to ground due 1/07/2014 50 Pilbara to mechanical failure. Mechanical fault causing small oil spill to ground 500mL 8/07/2014 0.5 Pilbara to soil. Mechanical failure causing hydraulic hose to dislodge 9/07/2014 5 Pilbara and spill a small amount of oil to ground 5L to soil. 1L diesel Spill: leaking from the fuel line of a light 15/07/2014 1 Kimberley vehicle. Approximately 0.25L of diesel was spilled to ground 16/07/2014 0.25 Pilbara from a loose fuel cap on a tipper truck. Approximately 0.5L of hydraulic fluid was spilled to 20/07/2014 0.5 Pilbara ground due to a failed O-ring. Heavy rainfall event resulted in catch sump on rig fuel 22/07/2014 Not reported Mid-west tank overflowing creating a small hydrocarbon spill. Approximately 1L of coolant was spilled to ground due 22/07/2014 1 Pilbara to a damaged hose. Mineral oil leaked from chains on trenching machine 6/08/2014 1 Pilbara onto ground, <1 L to soil. Hydraulic oil leak due to hose wear. Liquid Volume: 2L 27/08/2014 2 Pilbara (1m2 of ground affected) Diesel tank was over filled, causing spillage from a vent 31/08/2014 Not reported Gascoyne pipe into a bunded area. 1.5L Spill of diesel, perished fuel line on pressure 2/09/2014 1.5 Kimberley washer. Pin holed hose and released approximately 2-3 litres of 2/09/2014 3 Mid-west production fluids onto the gravel in the tank bund. 5/09/2014 1.5L Spill of diesel from missing fuel filter. 1.5 Kimberley 10/09/2014 30 L spill of diesel, mechanical failure of truck. 30 East Pilbara 205 litre drum of oil slipped, causing a 4cm tear and 11/09/2014 205 Pilbara emptying its contents. 15/09/2014 3L Hydraulic Oil Spill leaking hose on grader. 3 Kimberley 16/09/2014 Production formation water spilled to ground. 30 Mid-west Mechanical failure caused oil to spill to ground liquid 19/09/2014 1 Pilbara Volume: <1 L to soil. 2 1000 L bulk container of DustEx (non-hazardous 21/09/2014 material)were pierced due to operator error. Liquid 2000 Pilbara Volume: 2,000 L to soil. 25/09/2014 Diesel spill <1L due to damage to truck fuel tank. 1 East Pilbara A minor diesel spill occurred to ground within the 26/09/2014 1 Pilbara laydown area during refuelling. Wastewater spill from effluent storage tanks due to 2/10/2014 1000 Pilbara overflow Hydraulic oil spill top ground during repairs and 2/10/2014 1 East Pilbara maintenance. Hydraulic oil was spilled to ground due to a damaged 6/10/2014 1 Pilbara hydraulic hose on the roller. 6/10/2014 Re-fuelling failure, diesel fuel spilled to the ground 5 Kimberley Valve failure: 15 litres of crude has leaked onto the 9/10/2014 secondary bund floor and solidified. No loss of 15 Mid-West secondary containment has occurred. An amount of oil (estimated to be approximately 20 13/10/2014 20 South West litres) spilled to ground in bunded area. Loss of crude oil whilst flushing manifold with water, 14/10/2014 10 Mid-West approx. 5-10 L. 17/10/2014 Grey water spill to ground. 10 Pilbara A minor volume of hydraulic fluid was noticed leaking 17/10/2014 0.04 Pilbara to ground from the final drive seal. 21/10/2014 15L Diesel Spill due to leaking pipe. 15 Kimberley Diesel spilled from jerry can during water pump 25/10/2014 2 Pilbara refuelling 27/10/2014 20L Diesel Spill - During loading of Truck. 20 Kimberley Release of saline groundwater onto unvegetated clay 28/10/2014 pan when earthen bund wall collapsed Liquid Volume: 1000 Pilbara Approx. 1,000 L to approx. affecting 100 m2 soil. Grease spilled into well cellar when maintaining 4/11/2014 0.9 Mid-west Christmas tree valves. 29/11/2014 Hydraulic oil spilled from failed hose connection. 5 Pilbara Loss of containment of water and bentonite mix in 3/12/2014 unvegetated area (clay pan) 300 Pilbara Liquid Volume: 300 L to soil 40 litres of mixing water was spilled contacting the 3/12/2014 40 Pilbara hardstand. Mechanical failure causing hydraulic oil spill Liquid 8/12/2014 13 Pilbara Volume: 13 L to soil. Hydraulic hose failure caused hydraulic oil spill. Liquid 9/12/2014 2 Pilbara Volume: 2 L to soil. Damaged O-ring on air compressor resulting in 6L oil 18/12/2014 6 Pilbara spill to concrete slab. During refuelling of generator resulting in minor diesel 25/12/2014 spill to ground. 0.05 Pilbara Liquid Volume: 0.05L Pump connector failure. Approximately 30 L of 5/01/2015 30 Mid-West demulsifier leaked to the bund. Ruptured hose on bobcat caused hydraulic oil to spill to 7/01/2015 2 Pilbara soil Leaking of approximately 100ml of diesel fuel from the 9/01/2015 fuel cap to the ground as a result of heat expansion in 0.1 Pilbara the fuel tank. Refuelling incident led to overflow of diesel onto blue 16/01/2015 5 Pilbara metal gravel. Broken hydraulic fitting on excavator caused hydraulic 22/01/2015 50 Pilbara oil to spill to soil. Hydrocarbon-contaminated waste incorrectly disposed 27/01/2015 to general waste bin, causing hydrocarbons to spill to 2 Pilbara soil through skip bin fracture Hydraulic ram fitting failure, causing hydraulic oil to spill 29/01/2015 10 Pilbara to soil Hydraulic hose on digger ruptured, causing hydraulic oil 30/01/2015 2 Pilbara to spill to soil Hydraulic hose fitting became loose causing oil spill to 5/02/2015 1 Pilbara ground 7/02/2015 Spill of oil to bund area. 10 Kimberley Pipe failure leading to discharging excess liquid to blue 16/02/2015 1 Pilbara metal hard stand. Grader wheel hydraulic hose disengaged, causing 20/02/2015 5 Pilbara hydraulic oil to spill to ground Spill of produced water occurred during maintenance of 22/02/2015 4 Mid-west separator water dump line. Overfilled Diethyl amine storage tank. Liquid Volume: 2/03/2015 5 Pilbara <5 L over <4m2 Eastern 8/03/2015 Burst hydraulic hose on excavation equipment. 2 Goldfields Eastern 9/03/2015 Engine oil spilled from the sump onto the access track. 20 Goldfields Eastern 9/03/2015 Burst hydraulic hose on excavation equipment. 15 Goldfields Eastern 9/03/2015 Burst hydraulic hose on excavation equipment. 2 Goldfields 15/03/2015 Diesel spill to ground due to faulty fuel hose. 20 Mid-west 17/03/2015 Crude oil leak at loading facility. 9 Mid-West 17/03/2015 Leak of saline injection water. 20 Mid-West 22/03/2015 Crude oil leak at loading facility. 20 Mid-West Eastern 27/03/2015 Oil leak from heavy machinery. 5 Goldfields 4/04/2015 Leak from piping whilst filling with hot flushing water. 5 Mid-west Threaded bolt plug was removed from diesel storage tank by unknown persons without damage. The tank 4/04/2015 contents (estimated at 200 litres) had been emptied 200 Kimberley and approximately 10 litres of diesel was spilt to concrete base beneath the tank (not to ground). Eastern 9/04/2015 Burst hydraulic hose on excavation equipment. 2 Goldfields Approximately 45kgs of water based drilling mud 10/04/2015 45 Pilbara spilled. 12/04/2015 Leak from tank pump outlet fitting bush. 3 Mid-west Hydraulic pump broke a seal, pump lost approx. 500ml 15/04/2015 0.5 Mid-West hydraulic oil to ground. Produced formation water spilt during transfer from 15/04/2015 Not Reported Mid-West tanker. 40m2 of ground affected. Eastern 15/04/2015 Hydraulic oil leak from heavy machinery. 3 Goldfields Release of oil in NORMS storage yard. No soil or ground 15/04/2015 contamination from crude oil spills or leaks. No loss of Not reported Mid-west norms. While fuelling light vehicle, some fuel splashed from the Eastern 25/04/2015 Not reported light vehicle tank fuel point onto ground. Goldfields Eastern 26/04/2015 Release of hydraulic oil after changing attachment. 2 Goldfields Eastern 26/04/2015 Release of hydraulic oil from hose. 2 Goldfields 2/05/2015 Valve leaking oil. 4 Pilbara Coolant leak (diluted to a ratio of 10:1) Liquid Volume: 6/05/2015 50 Mid-west 50L. Hydraulic hose blew during operations spilling a minor 7/05/2015 2 Pilbara amount of hydraulic fluid to ground. Loss of containment of liquids. No loss of containment 14/05/2015 10 Mid-West of fuels, chemicals and hazardous materials. 15/05/2015 Minor oil leak under light vehicle observed. Not reported Pilbara 22/05/2015 Camp water pump failure. 50 Mid-west Chemical injection quill assembly was found leaking after start-up. 26/05/2015 1 Mid-West No loss of containment of fuels, chemicals and hazardous materials. Approx. 10L drilling mud spilt on ground during drilling 26/05/2015 10 Kimberley operations. 27/05/2015 Minor oil spill 0.05 Pilbara 29/05/2015 Spill of <1L hydraulic oil from faulty hose. 1 Kimberley Less than 5L of diesel was spilled to ground while 2/06/2015 5 Kimberley working on a water cart. 8/06/2015 Leak of production formation water. 5 Mid-West 8/06/2015 Hydraulic oil hose burst during well operations. 60 Mid-west Eastern 14/06/2015 Hydraulic oil leak from heavy machinery. 1 Goldfields 15/06/2015 Spill of <10L of crude oil. 10 Kimberley 16/06/2015 Leak of production formation water. 80 Mid-West Loss of containment of kerosene containing traces of 22/06/2015 0.5 Pilbara Odorant. A secondary seal vent has expelled oil onto the ground 27/06/2015 1 Pilbara (cement pad). Eastern 27/06/2015 Uncontrolled release of treated (grey) water. 200 Goldfields Eastern 29/06/2015 Hydraulic oil leak from heavy machinery. Not reported Goldfields Small overflow of oily water and an estimated staining 6/07/2015 of the blue metal surface covering by an estimated 0.5 1 Mid-west to 1.0 litres of oil. Eastern 7/07/2015 Oil leak from heavy machinery. 30 Goldfields Eastern 11/07/2015 Oil leak from heavy machinery. 40 Goldfields Drilling mud spilled to ground during drilling 17/07/2015 400 Kimberley operations. Spill of drilling fluid due to mechanical and operator 18/07/2015 4000 Kimberley error. 23/07/2015 1 bulk bag of salt spilt, cleaned up. Not reported Kimberley 31/07/2015 Valve regulator found to be leaking. 1 Perth Eastern 2/08/2015 Engine oil spill from Grader. 2 Goldfields Leak of diesel (20L) from generator due to operator 2/08/2015 20 Kimberley error during service. 3/08/2015 3L leak produced fluid under check valve. 3 Mid-west Hydrocarbon loss of containment during weather 7/08/2015 10 Mid-West event. Damaged IBC containing waste oil leaked onto the floor 9/08/2015 1 Pilbara of a 40ft sea container. The end of a hose was not connected or secured in a 9/08/2015 drip tray resulting in a minor discharge of oily 0.1 Pilbara wastewater to ground. Eastern 10/08/2015 Septic tank overflow spill. 20 Goldfields 12/08/2015 Treated condensate water was released to ground. 50 Pilbara During diesel refuelling operations the automatic shut- 13/08/2015 off valve on the nozzle failed, causing the fuel tank to 15 Pilbara overflow to ground. A compressor filter o ring failed causing diesel to 20/08/2015 release into the bund with a minor volume spilling to 1 Pilbara ground. A hose burst resulting in a spill of approx. 30 bbl. of 22/08/2015 6150 Pilbara water based mud to the hard stand. Eastern 23/08/2015 Loader hydraulic hose leak. 0.5 Goldfields 25/08/2015 Fuel tank overflow during fuelling activity. 5 Kimberley A hydraulic hose failed resulting in a minor release of 26/08/2015 5 Pilbara hydraulic oil to ground. 26/08/2015 Hydraulic spill from valve. 40 Mid-west 27/08/2015 Crude oil leak from tanker. 5 Kimberley 28/08/2015 Hydraulic oil spill from valve. 40 Mid-west 30/08/2015 Crude oil spill in load out bay. 20 Mid-west 1/09/2015 Leak from crude oil tanker trailer onto load-out bay 1 Mid-west Eastern 3/09/2015 Hydraulic oil spill. 5 Goldfields 9/09/2015 Leaking oil storage tanks. 40 Kimberley 12/09/2015 Leak of crude oil from load out bay. 1 Mid-west Approximately 1 litre of compressor drain sump liquid 16/09/2015 1 Mid-west was spilled. Loss of hydraulic oil via a fractured high pressure oil 17/09/2015 55 Kimberley hose. 55L of oil escaped to sandy soil. 18/09/2015 Oily water spill into a trench. 40 Mid-west Hydraulic hose failure, approximately 60 litres of 18/09/2015 hydraulic oil flowed from the hydraulic line to the 60 Kimberley plastic sheet surrounding well. 19/09/2015 Fuel leaking from truck. 5 Pilbara Grader suffered loss of hydraulic oil via a fractured 20/09/2015 12 Kimberley hose fitting. 30/09/2015 Hydrocarbon bin oil leak. 5 Pilbara Pump hydraulic hose ruptured releasing hydraulic fluid 4/10/2015 400 Kimberley which was contained within the cellar. 7/10/2015 Minor oil leak from perished fuel hose. 1 Pilbara 10/10/2015 Fitting was observed to have a slight methanol leak. 0.01 Mid-West 14/10/2015 25 L of crude oil spilt into bund. 25 Mid-West 14/10/2015 Produced formation water spill. 25 Mid-west 18/10/2015 Pin hole leak for produced formation water pipework. 20 Mid-west 22/10/2015 Pressure hose leak. 0 Mid-West Mechanical failure leading to leaking hydraulic fluid 22/10/2015 40 Kimberley contained in well cellar. Pressure hose leak during operation of high torque 22/10/2015 Not reported Mid-west equipment for an extended period. Hydraulic hose leak at fitting detected. No hydrocarbon 26/10/2015 20 Mid-west leak to ground. Leak repaired. 28/10/2015 Minor odorant leak into bunded area 0.05 Pilbara Small spillage of diesel noted near the water pump 28/10/2015 1 Mid-west generator unit. Generator is self-bunded. 30/10/2015 ~1L of coolant release onto skid and contacting ground. 1 Kimberley Mechanical failure leading to hydraulic oil spill during 30/10/2015 5 Kimberley drilling operations. ~0.5 litre oil spill: Three small hydraulic oil spills were 5/11/2015 0.5 Kimberley noticed on machinery during inspection. 10L Diesel Spill: Whilst transferring diesel from a mobile 6/11/2015 10 Kimberley fuel container to the fuel tanks of a prime mover. 10/11/2015 Biocide leak into bund container. 100 Mid-West The main hydraulic hose on bobcat failed causing a spill 10/11/2015 15 Kimberley of 15 litres of hydraulic oil. 13/11/2015 Crude oil leak into bund from faulty joint. 1 Mid-West 14/11/2015 Pipe leak due to hole in pipework. 10 Mid-West 14/11/2015 2 litre diesel spill from plant fuel tank leak. 2 Kimberley 15 litre hydraulic oil spill due to split in hose during 15/11/2015 15 Kimberley operations. 17/11/2015 Minor coolant spill to concrete pad. 0.05 Pilbara Hose fitting failure, 40-50 litre oil spill into the Liquid 23/11/2015 Waste Storage Area and onto the load-out bay, covering 50 Kimberley an area of about 5 square meters. 24/11/2015 4 litre hydraulic oil spill due to mechanical failure. 4 Kimberley 27/11/2015 Minor hydrocarbon spill to bitumen road. 2 Mid-west 27/11/2015 <20 litre diesel leak: Vehicle damage to fuel cooler. 20 Kimberley Operator error 60 litre oil spill to ground within a 28/11/2015 60 Kimberley bunded area. Oil Fill valve left open causing tanks overflow into bund 22/12/2015 1 Pilbara and splash onto adjacent blue metal gravel. 22/12/2015 Oil leak from actuator housing onto blue metal gravel. 1 Pilbara 23/12/2015 Produced formation water leak. 15 Mid-West 27/12/2015 Sample bucket oil spill in well cellar. 1 Kimberley 5/01/2016 Produced formation water leak. 20 Mid-West Hydraulic oil leak approximately 40 to 60 litres leaked 24/01/2016 60 Mid-west onto the drill pad hard stand 28/01/2016 Produced formation water leak (10L) to bund. 10 Mid-West 28/01/2016 Produced formation water leak (150L) to bund. 150 Mid-West 29/01/2016 Produced formation water leak (10L) to bund. 10 Mid-West Air compressor hose split causing oil leak - ~4L affecting 22/02/2016 4 Mid-west <1m2 of ground. Less than 1.5 litre of engine oil atomised and spayed 23/02/2016 through radiator onto the ground. 1.5 Mid-west Liquid Volume - 1.5L, affecting <1m2 of ground 2KG of grease released to ground from well head valve 1/03/2016 2 Mid-west whilst bleeding off pressure during. Discharge of evaporation pond water outside the lined 2/03/2016 100 Mid-west area. Chemical leak during transfer to storage vessel onto 14/03/2016 0.1 Pilbara blue metal hard stand. 20/03/2016 Excavator hydraulic hose leak. 0.5 Mid-west 28/03/2016 Minor diesel fuel leak from truck. 1 Pilbara Oil spillage from waste oil tank. Hydrocarbon waste to 6/04/2016 5 Pilbara compacted hardstand. 13/04/2016 Compressor oil leak to concrete pad. 2 Mid-west Produced water with condensate discharged into 18/04/2016 8000 Mid-west evaporation pond before processing. A hydraulic spill occurred leaking oil from faulty hose on 20/04/2016 4 Mid-west crane. Approximately 500ml liquid well completion brine 28/04/2016 0.5 Mid-west leaked to hard stand. 30/04/2016 Overflow of waste tank under the toilet block. 5 Perth 9/05/2016 A small quantity of hydro test water spilt to hard stand. 0.4 Mid-west 18/05/2016 Approximately 500ml hydro test water spilt to ground. 0.5 Mid-west Lube oil tank spill tray overflowed due to heavy rain and 23/05/2016 3 Gascoyne oily residue spilt onto the ground. 5/07/2016 Oil leak. 45 Pilbara Approximately 50ml of hydraulic oil was released to 11/08/2016 0.5 Pilbara ground from a Trenching Machine. Approximately 160ml of hydraulic oil was released to 12/08/2016 0.16 Pilbara ground from a Compactor. 25/09/2016 Engine oil spill on bitumen hard stand 1 Pilbara 20 litre oil container overflowed, spilling less than 25/09/2016 0.5 Pilbara 500mls of oil onto bitumen. Water pump water leak. 10 Litres of production water 3/10/2016 10 Mid-West to bund. Hydrocarbon waste bin leak causing approximately 1 4/10/2016 1 Pilbara litre of waste oil to leak onto ground. 1 L diesel spill at nominally empty diesel tank as a result 4/10/2016 1 Mid-west of third party attempt to access fuel. Drain plug incorrectly fitted to Veolia Hydrocarbon 4/10/2016 Waste bin causing approximately 1 litre of waste oil to 1 Pilbara leak onto ground. Pin hole leak on solvent container. 0.05 Litre of solvent 5/10/2016 0.05 Mid-West to bund container. 6/10/2016 Valve failure. 4 Litre of production water to bund. 4 Mid-West 13/10/2016 25 L crude oil to bund. 25 Mid-west 15/10/2016 Produced formation water to bund. 5 Mid-West 21/10/2016 20 L of fire fighting foam spilled in tank bund. 20 Mid-west Spill during transfer of oily water. 3.5 L oily water to 25/10/2016 4 Mid-West bund, 0.5 L oily water to ground. Approximately 800ml of hydraulic oil was released to 25/10/2016 0.8 Pilbara ground from a failed hydraulic hose. 28/10/2016 5 L hydrocarbon spill into bund. 5 Mid-west Valve failure, 500ml spill of hydraulic oil onto concrete 1/11/2016 1 Pilbara pad. 9/11/2016 Oil leak from pump fault. 1000 Mid-West Leaking valve. 1 L recovered crude oil to bunded load 9/11/2016 1 Mid-west out bay. 11/11/2016 Hydraulic hose burst and split 5 L of hydraulic fluid. 5 Mid-west 17/11/2016 2 L Produced Formation Water to bund. 2 Mid-west 22/11/2016 Produced formation water leak. 1 Mid-West 5/12/2016 Process water leak from pipework. 1 Mid-West Minor (<1L) diesel leak from Cement Truck found on 10/12/2016 1 Pilbara movement of truck. 15/12/2016 Produced formation water leak. 1 Mid-West Hydrocarbons found floating on sump water 16/12/2016 10 Pilbara approximately 5-10L 22/12/2016 Water leak on bypass line. 1000 Mid-West 22/12/2016 5L Oil Spill from Water Truck Hydraulic system. 5 Pilbara 31/12/2016 Oil leak on export tank line. 500 Mid-West Corrosion inhibitor leak from Bulky container to bund 10/01/2017 1 Mid-West container. Methanol leaking causing methanol to evaporate to air. 24/01/2017 0.9 Mid-west Approx. 900ml Approximately 320 litres of completion fluid with a 26/01/2017 small amount of oily residue overflowed onto bunded 320 Mid-west area. Condensate/pond water overflowed from pump trailer storage tank whilst skimming pond. Approx. 10-15 litres 2/02/2017 15 Mid-West of condensate/water were spilt onto the ground.
2/02/2017 Crude oil leak onto concrete bund. 2 Mid-West 2/02/2017 Hydraulic hose failed on 30t excavator. 2 Pilbara 4/02/2017 Produced formation water leak. 40 Mid-West 6/02/2017 20 L of oily stormwater released to bund. 20 Mid-West 7/02/2017 Produced formation water leak to bund. 0.5 Mid-West 20/02/2017 Produced formation water leak to bund. 10 Mid-West Hydraulic hose failure during works. 60 L hydraulic oil 28/02/2017 60 Mid-west over a ground surface area of 2 m2 1/03/2017 Rupture of 20 L container of oil. 20 Mid-west 100 mls of condensate diluted in 100 litres of water for 16/03/2017 100 Mid-west emergency response exercise spilled in compound. Oil release to the ground (road base) from stored 23/03/2017 5 Perth equipment. >5L affecting >2m² of ground. Machine system failure, lubrication oil spilt onto the 28/03/2017 5 Pilbara enclosure floor. No impact to ground. >5L Damp patch under light vehicle and observed a liquid 30/03/2017 1 Pilbara dripping from underside to the ground (Bitumen). >1 L Leak of 20L of non-hazardous defoamer to ground. 20L 2/04/2017 20 Pilbara liquid. Affecting <3m2 of ground. Biocide line outlet fitting fault. 5 L of biocide to bund 4/04/2017 5 Mid-West container. Oil spill by overfilling of tank <150L affecting <18m² of 9/04/2017 150 Mid-West ground. 13/04/2017 Weld Joint leak. 1 Litre of injection water to bund. 1 Mid-West 14/04/2017 <3L oil spill to ground from leaking hose connection. 3 Pilbara 20/04/2017 Spill of 0.5 Litre of oily water outside of bund. 0.5 Mid-West 28/04/2017 Diesel spill to bund. 4 Mid-West Mechanical seal on pump failed. 200ml of produced 11/05/2017 0.2 Mid-West water and TEG (Triethylene-glycol) to bund. 24/05/2017 Mud overflow and spill from well during cement job. Not reported Mid-west 31/05/2017 Loader hydraulic oil spill 30L. 30 Mid-west 12/06/2017 Diesel tank over flowed spilling < 5 litres of diesel. 5 Pilbara 26/06/2017 Vehicle incident caused diesel spill on road. 3 Pilbara
Reportable Spills Incidents for Onshore Petroleum Activities in WA
1 July 2012 to present
Liquid Volumes Incident Date Description Region (Litres)
Diesel fuel leak in the diesel generator North Perth 06/10/2012 1,000 set fuel hose. Basin
A tank receiving macerated sewage North Perth 10/01/2013 overflowed spilling 2000-3000L of 3,000 Basin sewage to ground.
Volume: 200-300L water and <5L 20/01/2013 400 Canning Basin condensate.
Unapproved reverse osmosis Unable to Carnarvon Basin 13/02/2013 discharged onsite (leach drains and determine (Onshore) onto compressor station hardstand). volume
Spill of estimated clean water approximately 2000 to 3000 litres. North Perth 02/04/2013 Suspected hydrocarbon (oil) 1 Basin contamination approximately 0.5 to 1 litre.
13/05/2013 ~100L of oil spilled around well head. 100 Canning Basin
Release of ~400L of cuttings mixed 16/01/2014 with rainwater and fluids to outside of 400 Canning Basin designated cuttings storage area.
~40 litres of oil was estimated to have 18/01/2014 40 Canning Basin been released to cuttings sump.
Spill of sem-7 demulsifier 150L container stored in shipping container 30/03/2014 but not bunded (on wooden pallet). 70 Canning Basin 70L lost to ground and 30L spilt into sea container.
100 barrels of drilling mud spill to the North Perth 04/09/2014 well pad. No spill outside of well pad 16,000 Basin was reported.
North Perth 19/08/2015 Drilling fluid overflow occurred while 480 stopping the main mud pump 480 L Basin water base drilling fluid, affecting area of 25m2
Water Based Mud mixed with aquifer 19/10/2015 water spilled outside of well pad area 300,000 Canning Basin >450m3.
Up to 1 bbl of drilling fluid released to North Perth 19/10/2015 160 the well pad due to a blocked pipe. Basin
20 x spilt bags of barite on well pad 11/01/2016 95 Canning Basin from a dropped pallet during transfer.
Transport tanker spill estimated to be 14/01/2016 8,300 Canning Basin approximately 8300L.
2067L crude released into HDPE 12/02/2016 2,067 Canning Basin cuttings sump.
Produced fluids (produced water and a North Perth 24/02/2016 trace amount of condensate) spill to 305 Basin the ground.
Minor odorant leak (not spill) from Carnarvon Basin 07/11/2016 35 dosing system o-ring. (Onshore)
Chemical Failure on a high generator North Perth 09/04/2017 fuel line resulted in approximately 2,500 Basin 2500L diesel spill.
Oily water overflow from storm water Unable to North Perth 18/08/2017 and produced formation water storage determine Basin tank in facility. volume
Pipeline Incident management team activated integrity North Perth 29/11/2017 due to an integrity concern on water concern - no Basin injection equipment. spill
Appendix 11
Chemicals used for Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
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Review of chemicals used for hydraulic fracture stimulation in Western Australia
Hydraulic Fracturing Evaluations Available Listed Compound CAS Number Notes on AICS TGS 15 Warro 3 Warro 4 Warro Senecio 2 Senecio Helios 1H Corybas 1 Corybas Yulleroo 2 Yulleroo Warro 5 & 6 & 5 Warro Arrowsmith 2 Arrowsmith Whicher Range 5 Range Whicher Woodada Deep 1 Deep Woodada NICNAS US EPA Notes
Chlorine oxide 10049-04-4 y Tier 1 assessment completed Cinnamaldehyde 104-55-2 y y y Tier II evaluation available Propargyl alcohol 107-19-7 y No assessments available Ethylene Glycol (1,2-ethanediol) 107-21-1 y y Tier II evaluation available Methyl isobutyl carbinol 108-11-2 y Tier II evaluation available Priority existing chemical (PEC) Glutaraldehyde (pentanedial) 111-30-8 y y y evaluation available Xanthanum Gum 11138-66-2 y y Tier 1 assessment done Low concern to human health - NICNAS Diethylene Glycol 111-46-6 y y y Tier II evaluation available Priority existing chemical (PEC) Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether 111-76-2 y evaluation available Silica Gel 112926-00-8 y Tier 1 assessment done Disodium Octaborate Tetrahydrate 12008-41-2 y y y y Tier II evaluation available Potassium Oxide 12136-45-7 y y No assessments available Corundum 1302-74-5 y Not considered to be of concern for domestic use where dust controls are Mullite 1302-93-8 y implemented, of low concern to the environment Assessed for commercial use at low Calcium Oxide 1305-78-8 y y concentrations Iron Oxide 1309-37-1 y Tier 1 assessment done Magnesium oxide 1309-48-4 y Tier 1 assessment done Potassium Hydroxide 1310-58-3 y y Tier II evaluation available Sodium Hydroxide 1310-73-2 y y y y y Tier II evaluation available Sintered bauxite 1318-16-7 y Ulexite 1319-33-1 y y y Tier II evaluation available Considered to be of low concern to Iron Oxide* 1332-37-2 y y human health L-Ascorbic acid, monosodium salt 134-03-2 y y No assessments available Assessed for cosmetic use, low concern Aluminium Oxide* 1344-28-1 y y y to environment Titanium dioxide 13463-67-7 y Tier II evaluation available Complex Polyamine salt 138879-94-4 y Scadium46 Oxide 13967-63-0 y y USEPA has evaluated scandium oxide Sodium bicarbonate 144-55-8 y y y Tier 1 assessment done Low concern to human health - NICNAS
Review of chemicals used for hydraulic fracture stimulation in Western Australia
Hydraulic Fracturing Evaluations Available Listed Compound CAS Number Notes on AICS TGS 15 Warro 3 Warro 4 Warro Senecio 2 Senecio Helios 1H Corybas 1 Corybas Yulleroo 2 Yulleroo Warro 5 & 6 & 5 Warro Arrowsmith 2 Arrowsmith Whicher Range 5 Range Whicher 1 Deep Woodada NICNAS US EPA Notes
Crystalline silica, cristobalite 14464-46-1 y Tier II evaluation available USEPA evaluated antimony trioxide Antimony124 Oxide 14683-10-4 y y (antimony oxide is synonym) Iridium 192 Oxide 14694-69-0 y y USEPA evaluated iridium oxide Quartz 14808-60-7 y y y y y y y y y Tier II evaluation available Chloromethylnaphthalene 15619-48-4 y y y y No assessments available quinoline quaternary amine 2,4 Difluorobenzoic Acid, Sodium 1765-08-8 y y Salt Perfluoromethylcyclopentane 1805-22-7 y y Pine Oil 2228-95-7 y y y CAS No 8002-09-3 is listed Considered to be of low concern to Polyacrylamide 25085-02-3 y y y y human health for cosmetic use 4- Trifluoromethylbenzoic Acid, 25832-58-0 y y Sodium Salt Same chemical name, CAS no 28214-57-5 2-Propenoic acid, homopolymer, 2594-38-3 y y y has been assessed and determined to be ammonium salt of low concern for domestic uses Sodium Polyacrylate 2594-41-5 y y y Polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene 2594-62-8 y y y Block Copolymer A range of imidazoline compounds are Imidazoline 28299-33-4 y y listed, not this CAS no 2-Trifluoromethylbenzoic Acid, 2966-44-1 y y Sodium Salt Perfluorodimethylcyclobutane 2994-71-0 y y Perfluorodecalin 306-94-5 y y Perfluoroethylcyclohexane 335-21-7 y y NICNAS required to be Ethoxylated C11 Alcohol 34398-01-1 y notified/contacted prior to introduction/use of this chemical Assessed for cosmetic use, low concern Dipropylene glycol methyl ether 34590-94-8 y y to environment Perfluormethylcyclohexane 355-02-2 y y Acid Red 1 3734-67-6 y No assessments available Guar Gum Derivative 39421-75-5 y No assessments available i-Perfluoropropylcyclohexane 423-02-9 y y 2-Fluorobenzoic Acid Sodium Salt 490-97-1 y y
Review of chemicals used for hydraulic fracture stimulation in Western Australia
Hydraulic Fracturing Evaluations Available Listed Compound CAS Number Notes on AICS TGS 15 Warro 3 Warro 4 Warro Senecio 2 Senecio Helios 1H Corybas 1 Corybas Yulleroo 2 Yulleroo Warro 5 & 6 & 5 Warro Arrowsmith 2 Arrowsmith Whicher Range 5 Range Whicher 1 Deep Woodada NICNAS US EPA Notes
Sodium Carbonate 497-19-8 y y Tier II evaluation available 3- Fluorobenzoic Acid Sodium Salt 499-57-0 y y 4- Fluorobenzoic Acid Sodium Salt 499-90-1 y y Titanium oxide has been listed and USEPA has evaluated titanium dioxide Titanium Oxide* 51745-87-0 y y assessed with Tier II assessment under (titanium oxide is synonym) CAS 13463-67-7 CI 45350 (acid yellow) 518-47-8 y Tier II evaluation available 2,5 Difluorobenzoic Acid, Sodium 522651-42-9 y y Salt 3,4 Difluorobenzoic Acid, Sodium 522651-44-1 y y Salt 2,4,5 Trifluorobenzoic Acid, Sodium 522651-48-5 y y Salt 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol 52-51-7 y y y y y Tier II evaluation available Determined to be of low concern to Alkyl Alcohol (1,2,3-propanetriol) 56-81-5 y y y y Low concern to human health - NICNAS human health for cosmetic use Potassium Carbonate 584-08-7 y y Tier II evaluation available 2-Mercaptoethyl Alcohol 60-24-2 y y y No assessments available Coco dimethylaminopropyl betaine 61789-40-0 y Tier II evaluation available Fatty Acid Tall Oil Blend 61790-12-3 y y Tier 1 assessment done Castor Oil 61791-12-6 y y y No assessments available Amines, Coco Alkyl, Ethoxylated 61791-14-8 y No assessments available Amines, Coco Alkyl, Ethoxylated 61791-26-2 y No assessments available 2,6 Difluorobenzoic Acid, Sodium 6185-28-0 y y Salt Assessed for cosmetic use, low concern 1,6-Hexanediol 629-11-8 y y to environment Magnesium Silicate 63800-37-3 y No assessments available Sodium erythorbate 6381-77-7 y y y No assessments available Low concern to human health - NICNAS Alcohol 64-17-5 y Tier II evaluation available Formic Acid 64-18-6 y y y Tier II evaluation available Acetic acid 64-19-7 y y y y Tier II evaluation available Aromatic hydrocarbon mixture 64741-67-9 y Tier II evaluation available Distillates, Hydrotreated Light 64742-47-8 y y y Tier II evaluation available NICNAS has evaluated alkanes C12-26 as Alkenes C>10 64743-02-8 y No assessments available branched and linear Acid Violet 12 6625-46-3 y y No assessments available
Review of chemicals used for hydraulic fracture stimulation in Western Australia
Hydraulic Fracturing Evaluations Available Listed Compound CAS Number Notes on AICS TGS 15 Warro 3 Warro 4 Warro Senecio 2 Senecio Helios 1H Corybas 1 Corybas Yulleroo 2 Yulleroo Warro 5 & 6 & 5 Warro Arrowsmith 2 Arrowsmith Whicher Range 5 Range Whicher 1 Deep Woodada NICNAS US EPA Notes
Ceramic Proppants 66404-68-4 y Tier 1 assessment done Assessed for cosmetic use, low concern Choline Chloride 67-48-1 y y to environment Methanol 67-56-1 y y y y y y y y y Tier II evaluation available Isopropanol (2-propanol) 67-63-0 y y y y y y y y y y Tier II evaluation available 2,3,4,5-Tetrafluorobenzoic Acid, 67852-79-3 y y Sodium Salt Tier II evaluation available - listed on the Diesel fuel 68334-30-5 y High Volume Industrial Chemicals List Naphthenic Acid Ethoxylated 68410-62-8 y No assessments available Naphthalenesulfonic acid bis(1- methylethyl) compound with 68425-61-6 y No assessments available cyclohexanamine Thiourea polymer 68527-49-1 y Thiourea (different CAS No) is listed Alcohol C12-C16 Ethoxylated 68551-12-2 y Tier II evaluation available Partially neutralized polycarboxylic Considered to be of low concern to 68715-83-3 y y y acid polymer human health N-Benzyl-Alkylpyridinium Chloride 68909-18-2 y y y No assessments available Ethoxylated alcohols, C14-15 branched Ethoxylated alcohols C14-15 68951-67-7 y an linear (CAS 120944-68-5) is listed Quaternary ammonium compounds, bis(hydrogenated 68953-58-2 y y Assessed for domestic use tallow alkyl)dimethyl, salts with bentonite Terpene hydrocarbon by-products 68956-56-9 y y No assessments available 3- Trifluoromethylbenzoic Acid, 69226-41-1 y y Sodium Salt Tar Bases, Quinoline Derivatives, 72480-70-7 y y y Benzyl Chloride-Quat Tracer beads Antimony 7440-36-0 y y No assessments available Considered to be of low concern to human health for cosmetic use, of low Potassium Chloride 7447-40-7 y y y Low concern to human health - NICNAS concern to environment provided ANZECC met Tetramethyl ammonium chloride 75-57-0 y No assessments available Amorphous silica* 7631-86-9 y y y Tier II evaluation available Sodium bisulfite 7631-90-5 y y y Tier II evaluation available Hydrochloric Acid 7647-01-0 y y y y y y y Tier II evaluation available
Review of chemicals used for hydraulic fracture stimulation in Western Australia
Hydraulic Fracturing Evaluations Available Listed Compound CAS Number Notes on AICS TGS 15 Warro 3 Warro 4 Warro Senecio 2 Senecio Helios 1H Corybas 1 Corybas Yulleroo 2 Yulleroo Warro 5 & 6 & 5 Warro Arrowsmith 2 Arrowsmith Whicher Range 5 Range Whicher 1 Deep Woodada NICNAS US EPA Notes Considered to be of low concern to human health for cosmetic use, of low Sodium Chloride 7647-14-5 y y y y y y y y Low concern to human health - NICNAS concern to environment provided ANZECC met Sulfuric acid 7664-93-9 y Tier II evaluation available Sodium Hypochlorite 7681-52-9 y y Tier II evaluation available Sodium Iodide 7681-82-5 y Tier 1 assessment done Ammonium Phosphate 7722-76-1 y Tier 1 assessment done Potassium Persulfate 7727-21-1 y y y Tier II evaluation available Nitrogen 7727-37-9 y Tier 1 assessment done Low concern to human health - NICNAS Ammonium Persulphate 7727-54-0 y y y Tier II evaluation available Considered of low concern to human Water 7732-18-5 y y y y Low concern to human health - NICNAS health Considered to be of low concern to human health for cosmetic use, of low sodium sulphate 7757-82-6 y y Low concern to human health - NICNAS concern to environment provided ANZECC met Considered to be of low concern to human health for cosmetic use, of low sodium sulphite 7757-83-7 y y y concern to environment provided ANZECC met Chlorous Acid, Sodium Salt 7758-19-2 y y y y Tier II evaluation available Assessed for cosmetic use, of low sodium thiosulphate 7772-98-7 y y y y concern to environment provided ANZECC met Priority existing chemical (PEC) Sodium Persulfate 7775-27-1 y y y evaluation available Assessed for cosmetic use, low concern Ammonium Sulphate 7783-20-2 y y y y y y to environment provided ANZECC criteria Low concern to human health - NICNAS met Citric Acid 77-92-9 y y y y y Tier II evaluation available Low concern to human health - NICNAS Ammonium bisulfate 7803-63-6 y No assessments available Orange, sweet, extract 8028-48-6 y No assessments available Tributyl tetradecyl phosphonium 81741-28-8 y y y y No assessments available chloride Considered to be of low concern to Guar Gum 9000-30-0 y y y y y y Low concern to human health - NICNAS human health Polyacrylate 9003-04-7 y y y y y y Tier 1 assessment done Oxylated alkylphenols 9014-93-1 y Tier II evaluation available
Review of chemicals used for hydraulic fracture stimulation in Western Australia
Hydraulic Fracturing Evaluations Available Listed Compound CAS Number Notes on AICS TGS 15 Warro 3 Warro 4 Warro Senecio 2 Senecio Helios 1H Corybas 1 Corybas Yulleroo 2 Yulleroo Warro 5 & 6 & 5 Warro Arrowsmith 2 Arrowsmith Whicher Range 5 Range Whicher 1 Deep Woodada NICNAS US EPA Notes
Polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether 9016-45-9 y y Tier II evaluation available Alkanes / Alkenes 90622-53-0 y Naphthalene 91-20-3 y Tier II evaluation available Acid Red 27 915-67-3 y No assessments available 2-Ethoxy-naphthalene 93-18-5 y y y No assessments available Some other citrus extracts are listed, not Citrus, extract 94266-47-4 y this CAS number Acrylate Polymer NA y Aldehyde NA y y y y Alkyl ortho phosphate ester NA y Alkylated quarternary chloride NA y y y Borate Salts NA y y y y EDTA Copper Chelate NA y y Ether Compound NA y Ethoxylated fatty acid amide NA y MSDS for product states it contains no FR-48 NA y y hazardous chemicals, but there is no data for what is in the product Inner salt of alkyl amines NA y y Metal salt complex NA y product contains fluorocarbon surfactants and silicones, could be any of Oxylated alcohol NA y the alcohol ethoxylates which are more high risk Tracer beads Iridium NA y y Tracer beads Scandium NA y y Tracer CFT-1000 NA y Tracer CFT-1100 NA y Tracer CFT-1200 NA y
NA - not available as listed as proprietary or trade secret on publically available MSDS sheets for the products these chemicals are listed within *Ingredient in contingency product
Appendix12
Laboratory results of fluid from the Asgard 1 and Valhalla North 1 flowback pond pre and post flowback
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Fracking Inquiry Report_Appendices.indd 14 29/08/2018 12:01:39 PM This page has been intentionally left blank Table 1: Laboratory results of fluid from the Asgard 1 flowback pond pre and post flowback and onsite management levels derived from ANZECC (2000) and NHMRC & MRMMC (2011). Source: Buru energy.
Constituents Of Onsite Asgard 1 Pond Asgard 1 Pond Potential Units Management pre flowback post flowback Concern (COPC) Levels (Fluid)
Arsenic mg/L 0.5^ <0.02 <0.02
Barium mg/L 2∞ 3.8 20
Chloride mg/L 30,000 570 16,000
Boron mg/L 0.88 9.4
Cadmium mg/L <0.001 <0.002
Chromium VI mg/L 0.05∞ <0.02 <0.02
Copper mg/L 1^ <0.005 <0.02
Lead mg/L 0.1^ <0.02 <0.02
Manganese mg/L 0.2 0.15
Nickel mg/L 1^ 0.018 <0.02
Selenium mg/L <0.05 <0.02
Zinc mg/L 0.12 <0.1
Mercury mg/L <0.0001 <0.0001
^Stock water: Australian and New Zealand guidelines for fresh and marine water quality (ANZECC 2000)
∞Health Values: Australian Drinking Water Guidelines Version 3.1 (NHMRC and NRMMC 2011)
Table 2: Laboratory results of fluid from the Valhalla North 1 flowback pond pre and post flowback and onsite management levels derived from ANZECC (2000) and NHMRC & MRMMC (2011). Source: Buru energy
Constituents Of Onsite Valhalla North Valhalla North Potential Units Management 1 Pond pre 1 Pond post Concern (COPC) Levels (Fluid) flowback flowback
Arsenic mg/L 0.5^ <0.02 <0.02
Barium mg/L 2∞ 0.054 12
Chloride mg/L 30,000 400 17,000
Boron mg/L 0.43 14
Cadmium mg/L <0.001 <0.002
Chromium VI mg/L 0.05∞ <0.005 <0.02
Copper mg/L 1^ <0.005 <0.02
Lead mg/L 0.1^ <0.02 <0.02
Manganese mg/L 0.01 0.51
Nickel mg/L 1^ 0.006 <0.02
Selenium mg/L <0.05 <0.02
Zinc mg/L 0.01 <0.1
Mercury mg/L <0.0001 <0.0001
^Stock water: Australian and New Zealand guidelines for fresh and marine water quality (ANZECC 2000)
∞Health Values: Australian Drinking Water Guidelines Version 3.1 (NHMRC and NRMMC 2011)
Appendix13
Radiological results of flowback fluid from the Asgard 1 and Valhalla North 1 wells and flowback ponds
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Fracking Inquiry Report_Appendices.indd 15 29/08/2018 12:01:39 PM This page has been intentionally left blank Table 1: Radiological results of flowback fluid from the Asgard 1 and Valhalla North 1 wells and flowback ponds. Source. Buru energy
Radionuclides Metals Sample Uranium Series Thorium Series Number Date Unit Uranium- Lead- Thorium- Thorium- Radium-226 Radium-228 Unit Uranium Thorium 238 210 232 228
Valhalla North 1 9/9/15 Bq/L 0.14 ±0.01 1.38 ±0.2 <0.57 <0.005 1.55 ±0.26 <0.16 mg/L 0.011 ±0.001 <0.001 #8
Valhalla North 1 26/11/15 Bq/L <0.02 1.37 ±0.13 <0.75 <0.005 1.44 ±0.15 <0.12 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 #118
Valhalla North 1 13/12/15 Bq/L <0.02 0.257 ±0.07 <1.1 <0.005 0.31 ±0.13 <0.17 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 #136
Asgard 1 31/8/15 Bq/L 0.02 ±0.01 0.80 ±0.10 <0.54 <0.005 0.79 ±0.15 <0.11 mg/L 0.002 ±0.001 <0.001 #5
Asgard 1 30/11/15 Bq/L <0.02 3.44 ±0.29 <1.4 <0.005 4.5 ±0.4 <0.23 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 #122
Asgard 1 2/1/16 Bq/L <0.02 3.76 ±0.29 <0.29 <0.005 5.18 ±0.39 <0.053 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 #160 Asgard 1 Flowback 25/2/16 Bq/L 0.01 ±0.01 1.113 ±0.093 <0.22 <0.005 1.35 ±0.12 <0.034 mg/L 0.001 ±0.001 <0.001 Pond
Valhalla North 1 28/1/16 Bq/L <0.02 1.046 ±0.085 <0.14 <0.005 1.32 ±0.11 <0.025 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 Flowback Pond
Appendix14
Best practice for Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation
Independent Scientific Panel Inquiry into Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation in Western Australia
Fracking Inquiry Report_Appendices.indd 16 29/08/2018 12:01:39 PM This page has been intentionally left blank With regards to best practices around Hydraulic Fracture Stimulation (HFS), the American Petroleum Institute (API) has the following publications for leading and best practice in relation to HFS. API is the worldwide leading standards setting body for the oil and natural gas industry. Accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), API has issued nearly 700 consensus standards governing all segments of the oil and gas industry. As follows:
• Overview of API standards (full text) • ANSI/API RP 100-1, Hydraulic Fracturing—Well Integrity and Fracture Containment (full text) • ANSI/API RP 100-2, Managing Environmental Aspects Associated with Exploration and Production Operations Including Hydraulic Fracturing (full text) • ANSI/API Bulletin 100-3, Community Engagement Guidelines (full text) • API Standard 65 Part 2, Isolating Potential Flow Zones During Well Construction (full text) • API RP 51R, Environmental Protection for Onshore Oil and Gas Production Operations and Leases (full text)
Below is a list of technical standards and practices for onshore oil and gas activities that would also be applicable to wells that may undergo HFS.
• API Spec 4F, Drilling and Well Servicing Structures • API RP 4G, Recommended Practice for Use and Procedures for Inspection, Maintenance, and Repair of Drilling Well Service Structures • API RP 5A3, Recommended Practice on Thread Compounds for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe • API RP 5A5, Field Inspection of New Casing, Tubing, and Plain-end Drill Pipe • API Spec 5B, Specification for Threading, Gauging, and Thread Inspection of Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Threads • API RP 5B1, Gauging and Inspection of Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Threads • API RP 5C1, Recommended Practice for Case and Use of Casing and Tubing • API TR 5C3, Technical Report on Equations and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Used as Casing or Tubing; and Performance Properties Tables for Casing and Tubing • API RP 5C5, Recommended Practice on Procedures for Testing Casing and Tubing Connections • API RP 5C6, Welding Connections to Pipe • API Spec 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing • API Spec 6A, Specification for Wellhead and Christmas Tree Equipment • API Spec 7B-11C, Specification for Internal Combustion Reciprocating Engines for Oil-Field Service • API RP 7C-11F, Recommended Practice for Installation, Maintenance, and Operation of Internal-Combustion Engines • API Spec 10A, Specification for Cements and Materials for Well Cementing • API RP 10B-2, Recommended Practice for Testing Well Cements • API RP 10B-3, Recommended Practice on Testing of Deepwater Well Cement Formulations • API RP 10B-4, Recommended Practice on Preparation and Testing of Foams and Cement Slurries at Atmospheric Pressure • API RP 10B-5, Recommended Practice on Determination of Shrinkage and Expansion of Well Cement Formulations at Atmospheric Pressure • API RP 10B-6, Recommended Practice on Determining the Static Gel Strength of Cement Formulations • API Spec 10D, Specification for Bow Spring Casing Centralizers • API RP 10D-2, Recommended Practice for Centralizer Placement and Stop Collar Testing • API RP 10F, Recommended Practice for Performance Testing of Cementing Float Equipment • API TR 10TR1, Cement Sheath Evaluation • API TR 10TR2, Shrinkage and Expansion in Oilwell Cements • API TR 10TR3, Temperatures for API Cement Operating Thickening Time Tests • API TR 10TR4, Technical Report on Considerations Regarding Selection of Centralizers for Primary Cementing Operations • API TR 10TR5, Technical Report on Methods for Testing of Solid and Rigid Centralizers • API RP 11ER, Recommended Practice for Guarding of Pumping Units • API Bulletin 11K, Data Sheet for Design of Air Exchange Coolers • API Spec 11N, Specification for Lease Automatic Custody Transfer (LACT) Equipment • API Spec 12B, Specification for Bolted Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids • API Spec 12D, Specification for Field Welded Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids • API Spec 12F, Specification for Shop Welded Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids • API Spec 12J, Specification for Oil and Gas Separators • API Spec 12K, Specification for Indirect Type Oilfield Heaters • API Spec 12L, Specification for Vertical and Horizontal Emulsion Treaters • API RP 12N, Recommended Practice for the Operation, Maintenance, and Testing of Flame Arresters • API Spec 12P, Specification for Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Tanks • API RP 12R1, Recommended Practice for Setting, Maintenance, Inspection, Operation, and Repair of Tanks in Production Service • API Spec 13A, Specification for Drilling Fluid Materials • API RP 13B-1, Recommended Practice for Field Testing Water-based Drilling Fluids • API RP 13B-2, Recommended Practice for Field Testing Oil-based Drilling Fluids • API RP 13C, Recommended Practice on Drilling Fluid Processing Systems Evaluation • API RP-13D, Recommended Practice on the Rheology and Hydraulics of Oil-well Drilling Fluids • API RP 13I, Recommended Practice for Laboratory Testing Drilling Fluids • API RP 13J, Testing of Heavy Brines • API RP 13M, Recommended Practice for the Measurement of Viscous Properties of Completion Fluids • API RP 13M-4, Recommended Practice for Measuring Simulation and Gravel- pack Fluid Leakoff Under Static • API RP 19B, Evaluation of Well Perforators • API RP 19C, Recommended Practice for Measurement of Properties of Proppants Used in Hydraulic Fracturing and Gravel-packing Operations • API RP 19D, Recommended Practice for Measuring the Long-term Conductivity of Proppants • API RP 49, Recommended Practice for Drilling and Well Servicing Operations Involving Hydrogen Sulfide • API RP 53, Recommended Practices for Blowout Prevention Equipment Systems for Drilling Operations • API RP 54, Occupational Safety for Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing Operations • API RP 55, Recommended Practices for Oil and Gas Producing and Gas Processing Operations Involving Hydrogen Sulfide • API RP 65, Cementing Shallow Water Flow Zones in Deep Water Wells • API RP 67, Recommended Practice for Oilfield Explosives Study • API RP 74, Occupational Safety for Oil and Gas Well Drilling and Servicing Operations • API RP 75L, Guidance Document for the Development of a Safety and Environmental Management System for Onshore Oil and Natural Gas Production Operation and Associated Activities • API RP 76, Contractor Safety Management for Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Operations • API RP 90, Annular Casing Pressure Management for Offshore Wells • API RP 2350, Overfill Protection for Storage Tanks in Petroleum Facilities • API Publication 4663, Remediation of Salt-Affected Soils at Oil and Gas Production Facilities • API Bulletin E2, Bulletin on Management of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Waste Materials (NORM) in Oil and Gas Production • API Bulletin E3, Environmental Guidance Document: Well Abandonment and Inactive Well Practices for U.S. Exploration and Production Operations • API Environmental Guidance Document E5, Waste Management in Exploration and Production Operations • API Guidelines for Commercial Exploration and Production Waste Management Facilities
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