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Department of Educational Foundations and Curriculum, Faculty of Education ASSESSMENT OF CONTRIBUTIONS OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ZAMFARA STATE, NIGERIA BY Nuruddeen MUSA-UMAR DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATIONS AND CURRICULUM, FACULTY OF EDUCATION AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA - NIGERIA DECEMBER, 2016 i ASSESSMENT OF CONTRIBUTIONS OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ZAMFARA STATE, NIGERIA BY Nuruddeen MUSA-UMAR M.Ed./EDUC/31958/2012-2013 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA. IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF EDUCATION (M. Ed.) DEGREE IN EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND PLANNING DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATIONS AND CURRICULUM, FACULTY OF EDUCATION AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA - NIGERIA DECEMBER, 2016 ii DECLARATION I declared that this research work entitled, “Assessment of Contributions of Non-Governmental Organizations in the Management of Public Secondary Schools in Zamfara State, Nigeria” has been carried out by me in the Department of Educational Foundations and Curriculum. No part of this thesis was previously presented for another degree or diploma at this or any institution. All sources and quotations have been duly acknowledged by means of references. ------------------------------------ ----------------------------- Nuruddeen MUSA-UMAR Date iii CERTIFICATION This dissertation entitled “Assessment of Contributions of Non-Government Organization in the Management of Public Secondary Schools in Zamfara State, Nigeria” by Nuruddeen Musa-Umar meets the regulations governing the award of M. Ed. Educational Administration and Planning of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria and is approved for its contribution to knowledge and literary presentation. ____________________________ ________________ Prof. B. Maina Date Chairman, Supervisory Committee ____________________________ ________________ Dr. A. M. Jumare Date Member, Supervisory Committee ____________________________ ________________ Prof. B. Maina Date HOD, Educational Foundations and Curriculum ___________________________ ________________ Prof. K. Bala Date Dean, School of Postgraduate Studies iv DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my great-grandfather, Liman Abubakar Chika Gande, the then Liman of Gande in present Silame Local Government, Sokoto State, Nigeria. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Almighty Allah (SWT) for giving me strength, courage, wisdom, and life to complete this study. I also wish to extend my appreciations to my supervisors Prof. Bashir Maina and Dr. A. M. Jumare for their contributions toward the success of the study. Special thanks go to my lecturers namely Prof. D. O. Otu; Prof. B. Maina; Late Dr. M. O. Dare; Dr. A. A. Igunnu; Dr. E. I. Makoju; Dr. I. O. Maruf; Dr. S. U. El-Yakub; Dr. A. Guga and Dr. H. O. Yusuf for their academic support during the Master‟s degree programme. I am also grateful to Dr. Sani Yahaya (Abdu Gusau Polytechnic, Talata Mafara) for his support and guidance during the research project. Let me also extend my appreciations to Dr. Gidado Bello Kumo, Director Academic Standards, NUC – Abuja; Dr. O. E. Adesina, Director Open and Distance Education, NUC – Abuja and Zainab Sani, Principal Academic Standards Officer, NUC – Abuja, for their supports and encouragements. Many thanks go to Alhaji Ibrahim Tudu, Chairman, Zamfara State Coalition of NGOs, for his professional advice during the research. I also like to appreciate Zamfara State Ministry of Education; Zamfara State Agency for NGOs Affairs, for prompt response to my request for information. Many thanks go to all members of my family, for their encouragement and support during the period of my study. Many thanks go to Hajiya Aishatu Ibrahim, Ruqayyatu Musa, Dr. Ibrahim Musa Umar, Salamatu Musa, Hassana Musa, Hussaina Musa, Tukur Musa, Usman Musa, Adamu Musa, Abdul-Rauf Musa-Umar and Maryam Musa Umar. vi ABSTRACT The study entitled Assessment of Contributions of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in the Management of Public Secondary Schools in Zamfara State, Nigeria has seven objectives, some of which are to assess the roles of the NGOs in the supervision, funding, and staff development in public secondary schools in Zamfara state. Seven research questions were asked in accordance with the objectives and seven null hypotheses were postulated. Some of the hypotheses stated that there is no significant difference in the opinions of principals, teachers, and officials of School-Based Management Committees in the involvement of Non-Governmental organizations in the supervision, and there is no significant difference in the opinions of respondents on the contributions of Non-Governmental Organizations in funding public secondary schools in Zamfara State. The target population for the study comprised 154 principals, 2,728 teachers, and 770 officials of School-Based Management Committees (SBMCs) totalling 3,652 from 154 public senior secondary schools in Zamfara State. The sample size was 15 principals, 262 teachers, and 74 officials of SBMC totalling 351. The study adopted descriptive survey research design and the data-collecting instrument for the study was a researcher-designed questionnaire. The data collected from the study were analysed using descriptive statistics of frequency counts, and simple percentages with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. The study employed the use of One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to analyse the data in determining level of significance. The seven null hypotheses for the study were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Five of the hypotheses were accepted (retained) and two other hypotheses were rejected. Findings of the study revealed an overall low level of NGOs’ contributions in the management of public secondary schools in Zamfara State, Nigeria. It was recommended that there should be proactive and enhanced contributions from the NGOs in the management of public secondary schools in Zamfara State, Nigeria. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover Page i Title Page ii Declaration iii Certification iv Dedication v Acknowledgements vi Abstract vii Table of Contents viii List of Tables xii List of Abbreviations xiv Operational Definition of Terms xvi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem 4 1.3 Objectives of the Study 5 1.4 Research Questions 5 1.5 Research Hypotheses 6 1.6 Basic Assumptions 7 1.7 Significance of the Study 8 1.8 Scope of the Study 9 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 Conceptual Framework 12 2.2.1 Assessment 12 viii 2.2.2 Non-Governmental Organizations 12 2.2.3 School Supervision 14 2.2.4 Funding 16 2.2.5 Human Resources 17 2.2.6 Staff Development 19 2.2.7 Material Resources 21 2.2.8 School-Community Relationship 22 2.2.9 Enrolment and Retention 24 2.3 Theoretical Framework 25 2.4 Emergence, Classifications, and Roles of Non-Governmental Organizations 27 2.4.1 Emergence of Non-Governmental Organizations 27 2.4.2 Classification of Non-Governmental Organizations 28 2.4.3 Role of Non-Governmental Organizations 29 2.4.4 Non-Governmental Organizations and Donor Agencies 31 2.4.5 Non-Governmental Organizations and Education Sector 32 2.4.6 Non-Governmental Organizations in Zamfara state 33 2.5 Secondary Education in Nigeria 38 2.6 Role of School-Based Management Committees (SBMCs) 40 2.7 Secondary Schools Supervision in Nigeria 43 2.8 Financing Secondary Schools in Nigeria 44 2.9 Empirical Studies 46 2.10 Summary 50 CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction 51 3.2 Research Design 51 ix 3.3 Population of the Study 52 3.4 Sample and Sampling Techniques 52 3.5 Instrumentation 53 3.5.1 Research Instrument 53 3.5.2 Validity of the Instrument 54 3.5.3 Pilot Study 55 3.5.4 Reliability of the Instrument 56 3.6 Methods of Data Collection 57 3.7 Methods of Data Analysis 58 CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS 4.1 Introduction 59 4.2 Demographic Variables of Respondents 50 4.3 Opinions of Respondents on the Involvement of NGOs in Supervision 61 4.4 Opinions of Respondents on the Contributions of NGOs in Funding 64 4.5 Opinions of Respondents on the Roles of NGOs in Providing Human Resource 67 4.6 Opinions of Respondents on the Roles of NGOs in Staff Development 70 4.7 Opinions of Respondents on the Roles of NGOs‟ in Providing Material Resources 73 4.8 Opinions of Respondents on the Roles of NGOs in Developing School-Community Relationship 76 4.9 Opinions of Respondents on the Roles of NGOs in Enrolment &Retention 79 4.10 Hypotheses Testing 84 4.10.1 Null Hypothesis One 84 4.10.2 Null Hypothesis Two 85 x 4.10.3 Null Hypothesis Three 86 4.10.4 Null Hypothesis Four 87 4.10.5 Null Hypothesis Five 88 4.10.6 Null Hypothesis Six 89 4.10.7 Null Hypothesis Seven 90 4.11 Summary of Hypotheses Testing 91 4.12 Summary of Findings 93 4.13 Discussion of Findings 93 CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5.1 Introduction 99 5.2 Summary 99 5.3 Conclusions 100 5.4 Recommendations 100 5.5 Suggestions for Further Studies 102 REFERENCES 103 APPENDIXES 108 xi LIST OF TABLES Page (s) Table 1: The Population of the Study 52 Table 2: Sample Size of the Study 52 Table 3: Demographic Variable of Respondents for Pilot Study 56 Table 4: Reliability Statistics for Pilot Study 57 Table 5: Demographic Variable of Respondents 60 Table 6: Opinions of Respondents on NGOs‟ Involvement in Supervision 62 Table 7: Opinions of Respondents on NGOs‟ Contribution
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