DOCSLIB.ORG

A Survey of Building Stone and Roofing Slate in Falkirk Town Centre

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Survey of Building Stone and Roofing Slate in Falkirk Town Centre A survey of building stone and roofing slate in Falkirk town centre Minerals & Waste Programme Open Report OR/13/015 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MINERALS & WASTE PROGRAMME OPEN REPORT OR/13/015 A survey of building stone and roofing slate in Falkirk town The National Grid and other Ordnance Survey data © Crown centre Copyright and database rights 2013. Ordnance Survey Licence No. 100021290. M R Gillespie, P A Everett, L J Albornoz-Parra and E A Tracey Keywords Falkirk, building stone, roofing slate, survey, quarries, stone- matching. Front cover The Steeple, Falkirk town centre. Original early 19th Century masonry of local Falkirk sandstone at middle levels. Lower levels clad in buff sandstone from northern England in late 20th Century. Spire reconstructed in unidentified th sandstone in early 20 Century. Bibliographical reference GILLESPIE, M R, EVERETT, P A, ALBORNOZ-PARRA, L J and TRACEY, E A. 2013. A survey of building stone and roofing slate in Falkirk town centre. British Geological Survey Open Report, OR/13/015. 163pp. Copyright in materials derived from the British Geological Survey’s work is owned by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) and/or the authority that commissioned the work. You may not copy or adapt this publication without first obtaining permission. Contact the BGS Intellectual Property Rights Section, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, e-mail [email protected]. You may quote extracts of a reasonable length without prior permission, provided a full acknowledgement is given of the source of the extract. Maps and diagrams in this book use topography based on Ordnance Survey mapping. © NERC 2013. All rights reserved Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 2013 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The full range of our publications is available from BGS shops at British Geological Survey offices Nottingham, Edinburgh, London and Cardiff (Welsh publications only) see contact details below or shop online at www.geologyshop.com BGS Central Enquiries Desk Tel 0115 936 3143 Fax 0115 936 3276 The London Information Office also maintains a reference collection of BGS publications, including maps, for consultation. email [email protected] We publish an annual catalogue of our maps and other publications; this catalogue is available online or from any of the Environmental Science Centre, Keyworth, Nottingham BGS shops. NG12 5GG Tel 0115 936 3241 Fax 0115 936 3488 The British Geological Survey carries out the geological survey of email [email protected] Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the latter as an agency service for the government of Northern Ireland), and of the surrounding continental shelf, as well as basic research projects. Murchison House, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3LA It also undertakes programmes of technical aid in geology in Tel 0131 667 1000 Fax 0131 668 2683 developing countries. email [email protected] The British Geological Survey is a component body of the Natural Environment Research Council. Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD Tel 020 7589 4090 Fax 020 7584 8270 Tel 020 7942 5344/45 email [email protected] Columbus House, Greenmeadow Springs, Tongwynlais, Cardiff CF15 7NE Tel 029 2052 1962 Fax 029 2052 1963 Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB Tel 01491 838800 Fax 01491 692345 Geological Survey of Northern Ireland, Colby House, Stranmillis Court, Belfast BT9 5BF Tel 028 9038 8462 Fax 028 9038 8461 www.bgs.ac.uk/gsni/ Parent Body Natural Environment Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1EU Tel 01793 411500 Fax 01793 411501 www.nerc.ac.uk Website www.bgs.ac.uk Shop online at www.geologyshop.com OR/13/015; Final Contents Contents ........................................................................................................................................... i Summary ....................................................................................................................................... iii 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 2 Geographical and geological context .................................................................................... 2 2.1 Geographical setting ....................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Geological setting ........................................................................................................... 3 3 Survey details and outcomes ................................................................................................. 7 3.1 Scope, methodology and limitations .............................................................................. 7 3.2 Building stones ............................................................................................................. 13 3.3 Roofing slates ............................................................................................................... 21 4 Building stone quarries in the Falkirk area ....................................................................... 25 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 25 4.2 Outcomes ...................................................................................................................... 26 5 Stone matching for buildings in the Falkirk THI area ..................................................... 30 5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 30 5.2 Stone matching for building stones .............................................................................. 30 5.3 Samples and stone descriptions .................................................................................... 31 5.4 Results .......................................................................................................................... 33 5.5 Stone matching for roofing slates ................................................................................. 38 6 Synthesis ................................................................................................................................ 40 7 References ............................................................................................................................. 46 Appendix 1 Field descriptions of Falkirk building stones ................................................. 47 Appendix 2 Maps of building stone distribution in the Falkirk THI area....................... 68 Appendix 3 Maps of roofing slate distribution in the Falkirk THI area ......................... 95 Appendix 4 Sandstone quarries in the Falkirk district ................................................... 106 Appendix 5 Stone matching for sandstone ........................................................................ 113 Appendix 6 Petrographic descriptions of Falkirk building stones ................................. 116 Appendix 7 Stone supplier details...................................................................................... 150 i OR/13/015; Final FIGURES Figure 1 Topographic map of Falkirk area and modern road infrastructure ................................... 1 Figure 2 Topographic map of Falkirk town centre ......................................................................... 2 Figure 3 The major geological terranes and geological faults of Scotland ..................................... 3 Figure 4 Lithostratigraphy for the Falkirk district .......................................................................... 4 Figure 5 Bedrock geology of the Falkirk district ............................................................................ 4 Figure 6 Map of the THI area in Falkirk town centre, and surveyed polygons .............................. 7 Figure 7 Screenshot of the Microsoft Access data entry form designed for the survey ................. 9 Figure 8 Examples of ‘good’ and ‘poor’ visibility in surveyed Falkirk buildings ........................ 12 Figure 9 Distribution of buildings containing natural stone ......................................................... 16 Figure 10 Variation in the level of building stone information available to the surveyor ............ 17 Figure 11 Distribution of buildings with harled or painted street-facing elevations .................... 18 Figure 12 Typical examples of the slates described in Table 5 .................................................... 22 Figure 13 Distribution of buildings containing roofing slate ........................................................ 23 Figure 14 Variation in the level of roofing slate information available to the surveyor ............... 24 Figure 15 Quarries in the Falkirk area that have produced sandstone building stone .................. 26 Figure 16 Transport arteries developed in the 18th and 19th centuries in the Falkirk area .......... 28 TABLES Table 1 Content of data fields on the Microsoft Access data entry form ........................................ 9 Table 2 Dictionaries constraining field content on the Microsoft Access data entry form ........... 10 Table 3 Properties used to describe and distinguish sandstone building stones ........................... 14 Table 4 Properties used to describe and distinguish granite building stones ................................ 15 Table 5 Properties used to distinguish roofing slates ...................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • State of Nature in the Peak District What We Know About the Key Habitats and Species of the Peak District
    Nature Peak District State of Nature in the Peak District What we know about the key habitats and species of the Peak District Penny Anderson 2016 On behalf of the Local Nature Partnership Contents 1.1 The background .............................................................................................................................. 4 1.2 The need for a State of Nature Report in the Peak District ............................................................ 6 1.3 Data used ........................................................................................................................................ 6 1.4 The knowledge gaps ....................................................................................................................... 7 1.5 Background to nature in the Peak District....................................................................................... 8 1.6 Habitats in the Peak District .......................................................................................................... 12 1.7 Outline of the report ...................................................................................................................... 12 2 Moorlands .............................................................................................................................................. 14 2.1 Key points ..................................................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Nature and value ..........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Places to See and Visit
    Places to See and Visit When first prepared in 1995 I had prepared these notes for our cottages one mile down the road near Biggin Dale with the intention of providing information regarding local walks and cycle rides but has now expanded into advising as to my personal view of places to observe or visit, most of the places mentioned being within a 25 minutes drive. Just up the road is Heathcote Mere, at which it is well worth stopping briefly as you drive past. Turn right as you come out of the cottage, right up the steep hill, go past the Youth Hostel and it is at the cross-road. In summer people often stop to have picnics here and it is quite colourful in the months of June and July This Mere has existed since at least 1462. For many of the years since 1995, there have been pairs of coots living in the mere's vicinity. If you turn right at the cross roads and Mere, you are heading to Biggin, but after only a few hundred yards where the roads is at its lowest point you pass the entrance gate to the NT nature reserve known as Biggin Dale. On the picture of this dale you will see Cotterill Farm where we lived for 22 years until 2016. The walk through this dale, which is a nature reserve, heads after a 25/30 minute walk to the River Dove (There is also a right turn after 10 minutes to proceed along a bridleway initially – past a wonderful hipped roofed barn, i.e with a roof vaguely pyramid shaped - and then the quietest possible county lane back to Hartington).
    [Show full text]
  • Interactions of Archaeology and Contemporary Paganism WALLIS, R
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive Sites, sacredness, and stories: Interactions of archaeology and contemporary Paganism WALLIS, R. J. and BLAIN, J. Available from Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive (SHURA) at: http://shura.shu.ac.uk/59/ This document is the author deposited version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Published version WALLIS, R. J. and BLAIN, J. (2003). Sites, sacredness, and stories: Interactions of archaeology and contemporary Paganism. Folklore, 114 (3), 307-321. Repository use policy Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in SHURA to facilitate their private study or for non- commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive http://shura.shu.ac.uk Sites, sacredness, and stories: Interactions of archaeology and contemporary Paganism Robert J. Wallis and Jenny Blain This is an electronic version of an article published in Folklore 114:307-321Wallis, R.J. and J. Blain 2003. Sites, sacredness, and stories: Interactions of archaeology and contemporary Paganism, DOI: 10.1080/0015587032000145351. This article in Folklore is available online at informaworldTM: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a713701055~db=all~order=pa ge Abstract Folklore has, until very recently, been at the fringes of archaeological research.
    [Show full text]
  • Stanton Moor
    Level C orienteering event, part of the 2018 East Midlands Orienteering League Sunday 17th June Stanton Moor Terrain: To the north, birch woodland with intricate former quarry workings. Open heather moorland in the south, with lovely views. The map includes the Nine Ladies Stone Circle, the Cork Stone (pictured) and various Bronze Age cairns/dwellings. Location: near Stanton in Peak, 6 miles SE of Bakewell. Car parking: Parking is likely to be on a field close to the event. £2 per car on entry. Map: 1:7500, 5m contours, survey and cartography 2012–13 by Sheffield Skylines based on previous maps by Roger Wilkinson and Andy Hawkins. Minor corrections 2014 by Mike Godfree. Courses Usual range of colour-coded courses: White, Yellow, Orange, Light Green, Short Green, Green, Blue, Brown. Entry Fees Adults on Light Green, Short Green, Green, Blue and Brown courses £8.00 (members of British Orienteering); £10.00 (non-members) Adults on White, Yellow and Orange courses £4. Children and Students on all courses £4. Family members running separately £20 (Members of British Orienteering); £24 (non-members) Family Groups with a child on White, Yellow or Orange pay £4 for one map and can purchase additional maps for 50p. Entry on the day only, 10am to 12 noon, while maps are available. Timing: This event will use Sportident electronic punching and feature contactless punching for SIAC cards, though other SI cards will work as normal. SIAC cards will be available to hire at the event on a first-come first-served basis for a fee of £2.
    [Show full text]
  • ROUTE 3 Cycling Around Matlock
    Cycling Around Matlock ROUTE 3 Stanton Moor circular Testing climbs and superb views over the Wye Valley 1. Follow Route 4 to Rowsley car park. 2. L out of car park then L onto A6. Cross River Derwent then TL towards Stanton in Peak. 3. After crossing the river follow the road as it bends sharply to the R and climb steeply. Continue SA over a minor crossroads towards Stanton in Peak. 4. TL at the T-jct in Stanton in Peak near the church. Bear R towards Birchover. Stay on this road and descend steeply on a narrowing road to Birchover. 5. TL into Uppertown Road. 6. Continue SA, descending a very steep, tree-lined “sunken road” and pass the access to Whiteholmes Farm. TL out of Birchover Lane. 7. This narrows and bends sharp L into Winster. Immediately on the sharp L bend, TR onto West Bank. TL onto a busy road (B5056) opposite the Miners Standard PH. 8. TL onto Bonsall Lane. Descend (steeply) through Brightgate, then TL (easily missed). 9. Descend (increasingly steeply on this very narrow holloway – take care) down to the edge of Matlock. As the road bends sharp L, TR onto Salters Lane and ride between bollards. This descends steeply down to the traffic-light controlled junction outside the railway station. TL back to start. Start/End Point: Matlock railway station Distance: 22.5km/14miles Ascent: 480m/1575ft Grade: Hard 100% road Cafes: Matlock, Darley Dale, Whitworth Park, Rowsley Pubs: Matlock, Darley Dale, Churchtown, Rowsley, Stanton in Peak, Birchover, Winster Shops: Matlock, Darley Dale, Rowsley, Winster Supported by the European Regional Development Fund, Peak District National Park Authority, Derbyshire Dales District Council and Marketing Peak District & Derbyshire.
    [Show full text]
  • Knollside, 33 Woolley Road, Matlock, DE4 3HU £500,000
    Knollside, 33 Woolley Road, Matlock, DE4 3HU £500,000 27 Bank Road, Matlock, Derbyshire DE4 3NF Tel: 01629 760 899 , Fax: 01629 760 701 Email: [email protected] Web: www.sallybotham.co.uk Conveniently located within a short distance of Matlock town centre and transport links. This stone-built period property provides spacious accommodation set over three floors, offering five double bedrooms two with en-suite facilities, family bathroom, family shower room; sitting room; dining room; dining kitchen; utility room; cloakroom with WC; large cellar and gardens to the front and rear of the property. There is ample off -road parking. The property stands in a slightly elevated position with stunning views o ver the town and surrounding countryside. Matlock is a picturesque spa town in the heart of Derbyshire close to the Peak District National Park, surrounded by beautiful open countryside. The town has a wealth of historic buildings as well as excellent local amenities and good primary and secondary schools. At the centre of the town is Hall Leys Park with sports facilities, children's play area, formal gardens and a riverside walk. Situated on the A6 trunk road, there is easy access to Manchester, Derby and Nottingham and the nearby towns of Chesterfield (9 miles), Wirksworth (4.5miles) and Bakewell (8 miles). There is a branch line train station with a regular service to Derby and Nottingham. Cellar Two: 13'7 x 12'6 (4.2m x3.8m) Entering the property via a broad hardwood entrance door, with original encapsulated lead Housing the electricity distribution system.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ultimate Peak District & Derbyshire Bucket List
    The Ultimate Peak District & Derbyshire Bucket List: 101 Great Things To Do 1. Embrace the great outdoors in the UK’s first National Park Established in 1951, the Peak District is the country’s oldest National Park. If you love the outdoors, this protected area of natural beauty - which covers 555 square miles in total - offers over 200 square miles of stunning open access land to explore. 2. Visit the ‘jewel in the Peak District’s crown’ at Chatsworth House Home to the Duke and Duchess of Devonshire, Chatsworth is one of the UK’s favourite stately homes. Discover over 30 magnificent rooms, a 105-acre garden, parkland, a farmyard and playground, and one of Britain’s best farm shops. 3. Conquer the tallest ‘Peak’ in the Peak District At 636 metres above sea level, you’ll feel like you’re standing on top of the world when you conquer the Kinder Scout plateau. It’s the highest point in the National Park and was also the site of the 1932 Mass Trespass, a landmark event which sparked a debate about the right to roam in the countryside, leading to the establishment of the Peak District as the first National Park two decades later. 4. Discover the UK’s oldest Ice Age cave art at Creswell Crags Walk in the footsteps of Ice Age hunters, uncover the secrets of early man, discover incredible Ice Age cave art and marvel at the UK’s largest discovery of ritual protection marks at this picturesque limestone gorge on the Derbyshire/Nottinghamshire border. 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Spring Summer 2016
    For everyone who loves the Peak District Peakland guardian Spring and Summer 2016 Also protecting the landscapes of South Yorkshire Peaklandguardian 1 This issue… There’s nothing like spring to make in the nation’s conservation story, in which work will never end, and as we step out each me want to shake off the lassitude of I’ve immersed myself recently while writing spring with renewed gladness we are thankful for From the President 2 winter and head for the hills. And if my book The Fight for Beauty. The vision and the work of our forebears and those who carry Exciting plans for Peak District geopark 4 those hills are the Peak District’s, the bravery – even audacity - of the pioneers of the the flag for beauty today. Backdale Quarry update 6 experience is even more of a delight. countryside protection movement, including Fiona Reynolds Neighbourhood planning workshop 6 Living in Cambridge, which I now do the Friends of the Peak District’s founder Ethel Friends of the Peak District President for the majority of the year, I yearn Gallimore (later Haythornthwaite), is humbling. Saga in the Green Belt 7 for the Peak District’s multi-layered But as today’s campaigners will attest, those New Business Friends 8 horizons, secret valleys, ever-changing same skills and dedication are as much needed Trans-Pennine tunnel 9 views and stunning edges. It means a today. We live in a world where we are so lot to be your president and to have an preoccupied with economic growth that we risk Last call for Clarion Ramblers 10 additional reason to remind myself of forgetting the importance of the heart-stopping Forgotten heroes? 10 the Peak District’s beauty.
    [Show full text]
  • Peak District National Park Visitor Survey 2005 Appendices
    Appendix 1 : Interview questionnaire 45 Appendix 2 : Moors for the Future Post back questionnaire 46 47 48 49 Appendix 3 : Additional sites post-back questionnaire 50 51 52 53 Appendix 4 : ‘Other’ ethnic categories ?? / Irish British Asian Finnish Mauritian Albanian British Latin French Mexican American British Palestine German New Zealand Anglo-Egyptian Canadian Greek New Zealand Maori Anglo-French Caribbean Greek-Canadian Norwegian Arabian Caribbean English Indonesian Persian Argentinean Chinese British Iranian Peruvian Asian Colombian Iraqi Philippine Asian Caribbean Cyprus Italian Polish Asian Sri Lankan Czech Japanese Saudi Arabian Australian Danish Jordanian Singaporean Austrian Dutch Kenyan South African Belgium East African Latin-American Spanish Black American Egyptian Malaysian Appendix 5 : ‘Other’ economic activity types Baby Gap year Pre school Between jobs Holiday Seasonal work in summer only Carer Lady of leisure Self employed Career break Learning disability Temp health impairment Child Magistrate Temporarily sick Contractor Maternity leave Toddler Disabled Not working Unpaid writer Doing nothing' Part time employment Voluntary work Appendix 6 : ‘Other’ group types Carer Mountain Rescue Colleagues Partners Couple Rambling club Duke of Edinburgh Award Residential home Excursion from Oldham Social activity Guiding Training International studies Visiting student Learning disability group Work colleagues 54 Appendix 7 : Locations of stay in the National Park used by staying respondents a) Inside the Peak District National Park
    [Show full text]
  • Seeing with Light and Landscape: a Walk Around Stanton Moor This
    Seeing with light and landscape: A walk around Stanton Moor This paper focuses on the much-neglected contribution of light to the conceptualization of landscape. I discuss how light circulates through our visual system and around the spaces we see, refuting notions that we can be detached from the landscapes that we view and characterize. Though we see with the vital light and the landscape, I emphasize that our experiences are invariably entangled with prevalent cultural values, meanings and representations. By drawing upon the experience of walking around an area of raised moorland in the Peak District, I suggest that the experience of particular landscapes can be distinguished by the changing light that radiates upon them and to which we continuously become attuned. By composing an autoethnographic account that highlights key moments when its effects seemed particularly acute, I exemplify the distinctive ways in which the shifting light interacts with elements within this particular landscape KEYWORDS: Light, landscape, vitalism, perception, sensation Considering Light and Landscape Light pervades the world during the daylit hours, and the perception of space with this light is an integral dimension of human existence. Sighted humans and other animals perceive, interpret and mark time in accordance with the changing qualities of luminosity or murkiness that pervade the visible world. Light is the medium with which they continuously adapt, adjusting to qualities of brilliance, colour, intensity, radiance, shade and gloom. Despite this, social science investigation of daylight, darkness and illumination is meagre, a lacuna that extends to explorations and conceptions of landscape. This is startling if we consider how sunlight and shade condition the appearance of the landscape, informing the meanings attributed to its luminous and shadowy qualities.
    [Show full text]
  • 10Th Anniversary of the Implementation of the CROW Act of 2000 Here Today
    Open Access – 10 Years On A celebration of open access in the Peak District National Park Friday 19 th September 2014 The Peak District National Park has a legacy of access which continues today through its role to promote access. In 2004 the public’s rights to wander freely were extended to more than a third of the area of the National Park. On this 10 th anniversary of the introduction of open access, an event was held at the Moorland Discovery Centre at Longshaw. Access champions met to tell us about what access to open country means to them. Details of the speakers and their speeches are set out in the following pages. The National Park’s Access Fund (www.peakdistrict.gov.uk/accessfund ) was also launched to seek contributions for future access improvements. By working together the importance and benefits of access and the opportunities to improve access for all can be achieved. Our challenge is to engage everyone in understanding, enjoying and appreciating these rights and to take these forward for the next 10 years and beyond. With thanks to past, present and future access champions www.peakdistrict.gov.uk/crow Andy Cave Andy is a passionate exponent of the importance of access to our wilder areas since being inspired by climbing on the gritstone edges of the Peak District. From his early days as a miner, Andy has ventured further and higher to become one of Britain’s best climbers. Andy told us about how being inspired by the moors has led to a lifetime in the mountains.
    [Show full text]
  • Cheshire Walkers Walks Programme: Nov 2008 – Mar 2009
    Cheshire Walkers Walks Programme: Nov 2008 { Mar 2009 Sun 22nd Nov 2008: Lancashire - Garstang Description: A gentle walk along the River Wyre, across meadows and beside woodland. Rolling farmland, pastoral views and plenty of stiles. Start point: High Street car park beside the Garstang Discovery Centre grid ref SD494455 Level: Easy Distance: 8 miles Leader: Kate Sat 29th/Sun 30th Nov 2008: Snowdonia Weekend Description: Saturday 9.30am: Glyderau from Cwm Idwal, Snowdonia: This is a Welsh Classic or Clasurol Cymraeg, if you will! We will start at Idwal Cottage at the western end of Llyn Ogwen and then climb past Llyn Idwal (where Charles Darwin devised part of his theory of evolution), up through Twll Du (The Devils Kitchen) to the rocky summit of Glyder Fawr at 999m. We will then traverse a landscape more akin to the moon, with one of the best examples of a post-glacial boulder field the world can provide, through the surreal natural sculpture of Castell y Gwynt (Castle of the Winds!) to the summit of Glyder Fach at 994m. We will then descend to Bwlch Tryfan, where we may make a short detour to the summit of Tryfan at 915m, should this be suitable for the group, returning to Idwal Cottage via Cwm Bochlwyd. Sunday 10.00am: Betws-y-Coed Area This will be a circular walk, taking in the delights of the surrounding forested area, the Afon Llugwy and Swallow Falls. The route will be confirmed in more detail nearer the time. Start point: Sat The National Park Car Park at Idwal Cottage, on the A5, grid ref: SH649604, Cost TBA Level: Sat - Hard.
    [Show full text]