DOCSLIB.ORG

VIJAY DIWAS Each Year, December 16 Is Celebrated As 'Vijay Diwas' to Commemorate India's Victory Over Pakistan in 1971

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
VIJAY DIWAS Each Year, December 16 Is Celebrated As 'Vijay Diwas' to Commemorate India's Victory Over Pakistan in 1971 VIJAY DIWAS Each year, December 16 is celebrated as 'Vijay Diwas' to commemorate India's victory over Pakistan in 1971. A uni que victory by Indian army. This day led to the liberation of East Pakistan and the creation of the new state of Bangladesh. The end of the war also resulted in the unilateral and unconditional surrender of the Pakistan Army and subsequent secession of East Pakistan into Bangladesh.[1][2] On this day in 1971, the chief of the Pakistani forces, General Ami r Abdullah Khan Niazi, along with 93,000 troops, surrendered to the allied forces consists of Mukti Bahini and India n Army, led by General Jagjit Singh Aurora, of India in the Ramna Race Course, now Suhrawardy Udyan, in Dhaka after their defeat in the war.The then Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi, extended her full support to the li beration struggle of (East Pakistan) Bangladesh that helped it to become a free nation. [5]which signifies the official independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan. Poem I don't know your name Nor for which battle you died.I don't know your home Nor the tears that were cried I don't know where you rest Nor the promises broken. I don't know your uniform. And your fears lay unspoken BUt, I know your spirit exists- That your courage is admired. And your sacrifice is honoured. But each soul that's inspired And I offers you from my heart Thank you,to guardians unknown For offering yourselves for us all That we may keep freedom. Article East Pakistan raised the call for secession officially on March 26, 1971. India's then PM Indira Gandhi gave full sup port in the independence struggle.Widespread genocide against Bengalis, mainly Hindus, at the hands of the Pakista ni military was reported by the media. It forced around 10 million people to migrate to neighbouring India. India had also opened its borders to refugees from Bengal. On the night of December 4-5, the Indian Navy's Western Naval Command successfully conducted a surprise attack on Karachi port under the codename Trident.Pakistan had deployed its troops along the western front. The Indian Ar my retaliated and successfully took over several thousand kilometres of the Pakistani territory. Pakistan's 8000 soldiers died and 25,000 wounded, while India lost 3000 soldiers and 12,000 were wounded. The Mukti Bahini guerrillas in East Pakistan joined with the Indian forces to fight against Pakistani troops in the east . Indian army provided them with weapons and training to participate in the war. Around 93,000 Pakistani troops led by General Amir Abdullah Khan Niazisurrendered to the allied forces during the end of the war. They were returned as part of the Shimla Agreement of 1972.Nearly one-third army of Pakistan was captured by Indian forces. It was a 13-day India-Pakistan war which began on December 13th, 1971 sparked by the revolt in erstwhile East Pakistan against the government of Islamabad.which signifies the official independence of B angladesh from Pakistan. Cdt PavanSai.Chava Regt.No-AP19SDA320404.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Second Coming: the Specular and the Spectacular 50 Years On1
    Südasien-Chronik - South Asia Chronicle 10/2020, pp. 31-58 © Südasien- Seminar der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin ISBN: 978-3-86004-346-2 A Second Coming: The Specular and the Spectacular 50 Years On1 NUSRAT SABINA CHOWDHURY [email protected] KEYWORDS: BIRTH, DEATH, MIMESIS, MONUMENTALITY, POLITICAL AESTHETICS, BANGLADESH 31 The clocks were ticking away, the countdown had begun. Digital clocks high and bright enough for maximum visibility hung from office buildings, schools, and shops. Dhaka was one of twelve city corporations spread over fifty districts where they had been installed since early 2020. The clocks would go on until 17 March, the birth centennial of jatir pita, "The Father of the Nation", Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. They stopped at the precise mom- ent when all values—day, hour, minute, and second—turned zero. There it was, the moment of origin; of Mujib, for sure, but also of Bangladesh. A birth foretold, as it were. Birth (and death, too, as we shall see) has been a powerful motif in politics in Bangladesh in the second decade of the twenty-first century. Chronologies collided in felicitous ways; the country geared up for unforeseen pomp and circumstance. Bangabandhu (Friend of Bengal), an epithet once popularly mandated and decades later officially dictated, was the centre of the celebrations in a polity inching towards another significant temporal marker—the fiftieth year of its independence. 2020 was (officially) Mujib Borsho, the Mujib Year; 2021 marked the historic half century of Bangladesh that still considered itself young around its bigger, older, venerable neighbours. With international guests invited, shows, concerts, FOCUS and fireworks scheduled, and Mujib’s return to the newly liberated country re-staged in real time, the anniversary was to be a no-holds-barred performance.
    [Show full text]
  • Odhikar's Six-Month Human Rights Monitoring Report
    Six-Month Human Rights Monitoring Report January 1 – June 30, 2016 July 01, 2016 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................... 4 A. Violent Political Situation and Local Government Elections ............................................................ 6 Political violence ............................................................................................................................ 7 141 killed between the first and sixth phase of Union Parishad elections ....................................... 8 Elections held in 21municipalities between February 15 and May 25 ........................................... 11 B. State Terrorism and Culture of Impunity ...................................................................................... 13 Allegations of enforced disappearance ........................................................................................ 13 Extrajudicial killings ..................................................................................................................... 16 Type of death .............................................................................................................................. 17 Crossfire/encounter/gunfight .................................................................................................. 17 Tortured to death: ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Accountability for the Crimes of the 1971 Bangladesh War of Liberation
    Completing the Circle: Accountability for the Crimes of the 1971 Title Bangladesh War of Liberation Author(s) Linton, S Citation Criminal Law Forum, 2010, Volume 21, Number 2, p. 191-311 Issued Date 2010 URL http://hdl.handle.net/10722/124770 Rights Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License Criminal Law Forum Ó Springer 2010 DOI 10.1007/s10609-010-9119-8 SUZANNAH LINTON* COMPLETING THE CIRCLE: ACCOUNTABILITY FOR THE CRIMES OF THE 1971 BANGLADESH WAR OF LIBERATION I INTRODUCTION There are many policy issues that need to be considered when a country and its people start to deal with horrors that are 39 years old. The trial process is a critical part of that, but it is not the only issue to deal with. It is essential for Bangladesh to develop a comprehensive, coherent and principled strategy for dealing with its past. It has not done that yet. The country is at a critical juncture, and it falls on the government to seize the opportunity to make the most of a process of accountability. Any trial process, especially of such a charged matter as the crimes of the liberation war, must meet international standards in order to have any legitimacy, honour the victims and provide some kind of redress to survivors. But that is not enough. After 38 years, the damage to the fabric of society is immense, and a properly conducted trial process opens a window of opportunity to repair some of the harm. The gov- ernment must respond appropriately. My purpose in this paper is not to address the important wider issues of how Bangladesh should deal with the legacies of its past.
    [Show full text]
  • JCC: East Pakistan Crisis Indian Cabinet Chair: Prateek Swain Crisis Director: Alex Fager
    asdf JCC: East Pakistan Crisis Indian Cabinet Chair: Prateek Swain Crisis Director: Alex Fager JCC: East Pakistan Crisis – India PMUNC 2016 Contents Letter from the Chair…….………………………...……………………...…..3 Introduction………..…….………………………...……………………...…..5 The Situation in the Indian Subcontinent……............……………..……..……7 Setting the Stage…...………………………..……………………….……….…………7 A Brief History of Modern India..…………..……………………….……….…………9 Indo-Pakistani Relations………...…………..………………...….….……….………...10 Domestic Affairs………………………………………………………………….…...12 Current Situation……………………………………….……………………………...13 Committee Positions………..…….………………………...………………..16 2 JCC: East Pakistan Crisis – India PMUNC 2016 Letter from the Chair Dear Delegates, Namaste! I welcome you to the magnum opus of this year’s PMUNC, The JCC: East Pakistan Crisis. My name is Prateek Swain and I will be your chair for the India committee. First, I’ll introduce myself; I will be starting my sophomore year at Princeton and will be majoring in Economics or Woodrow Wilson School of Public Policy (depending on my mood when I have to declare) with a certificate in computer science. I have been debating as well as participating/chairing MUNs since my sophomore year of high school, and have carried on with these endeavors in college. Last year I was the Director for the Korean Reunification Committee at PMUNC, so I’m naturally extremely excited to be chairing this committee and have full faith that it will be a great experience for both you and me. This is certainly not my first crisis, but perhaps the one closest to my heart. Last semester, I took one of those eye opening classes at Princeton on Human Rights with Rebecca (Chair of the Pakistan committee) which set the foundation for this JCC to come into existence.
    [Show full text]
  • SP's Landforces December 2011-January 2012
    December 2011 -January 2012 Volume 8 No 6 R `100.00 (India-based Buyer Only) SP’s AN SP GUIDE PUBLICATION indian aRMY special TREASURE /6<:, Turn to page 17 WWW.SPSLANDFORCES.NET ROUNDUP IN THIS ISSUE The ONLY journal in Asia dedicated to Land Forces PAGE 6 Pick Up the Pace Minister of Defence The emerging threats and challenges man - India date that India should be prepared to fight hybrid wars in the future. I am glad to know that SP Guide Publications, New Delhi is bringing out special editions separately for Indian Air Force, Indian Navy and Indian Army. Lt General (Retd) V.K. Kapoor Since Shri Sukhdeo Prasad Baranwal founded SP Guide Publications in 1964, it has come a PAGE 9 long way in publishing monthly journals and magazines of repute on defence and strategic matters. In this context, its flagship publication SP’s Military Yearbook deserves a special mention. Raging Debate on AFSPA Act in J&K I send my best wishes for the successful publication of these special editions on Indian Armed Forces. A.K. Antony >> INDO-PAK WAR 1971 PHOTOGRAPH : Indian Army General (Retd) V.P. Malik PAGE 11 Offensive in the Mountains The decision on the Mountain Strike Corps (MSC) is not only about the capability and the implications. It is also about the mes - sage that India is, by its raisings, sending to China. The message is one of deterrence and resolve. It is not an aggressive one, but the second prong of India’s strategy. Colonel (Retd) Ali Ahmed PAGE 13 Exercise Sudarshan Shakti The exercise aims to test and confirm fresh concepts, manoeuvres and structures that will finally allow one of the world’s largest land forces to fight its next war more nimbly, with drastically less response time and much greater lethality.
    [Show full text]
  • Indo-Pakistan War
    WAR OF 1971 INDO-PAKISTAN WAR Sonam Pawar Purushottum Walawalkar higher secondary school 1 Goa naval unit • The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971was a military confrontation between India‘s forces and Pakistan that occurred during the Bangladesh Liberation War in East Pakistan from 3 December 1971 to 16 December 1971. The war began with Operation Chengiz Khan's preemptive aerial strikes on 11 Indian air stations, which led to the commencement of hostilities with Pakistan and Indian entry into the war for independence in East Pakistan on the side of Bengali nationalist forces. Lasting just 13 days, it is one of the shortest warsin history. In the process, it also become part of the nine-month long Bangladesh Liberation War. • During the war, Indian and Pakistani militaries simultaneously clashed on the eastern and western fronts. The war ended after the Eastern Command of the Pakistan mIlitary signed the Instrument of Surrenderon 16December 1971in Dhaka, marking the formation of East Pakistan as the new nation of Bangladesh. Officially, East Pakistan had earlier called for its secession from Pakistan on 26 March 1971. Approximately 90,000to 93,000 Pakistani servicemen were taken prisoner by the Indian Army, which included 79,676 to 81,000 uniformed personnel of the Pakistan Armed Forces, including some Bengali soldiers who had remained loyal to Pakistan. The remaining 10,324 to 12,500 prisoners were civilians, either family members of the military personnel or collaborators. • It is estimated that members of the Pakistani military and supporting pro Pakistani Islamist militias killed between 300,000 and 3,000,000 civilians in Bangladesh.
    [Show full text]
  • Bangladesh: Human Rights Report 2015
    BANGLADESH: HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT 2015 Odhikar Report 1 Contents Odhikar Report .................................................................................................................................. 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... 4 Detailed Report ............................................................................................................................... 12 A. Political Situation ....................................................................................................................... 13 On average, 16 persons were killed in political violence every month .......................................... 13 Examples of political violence ..................................................................................................... 14 B. Elections ..................................................................................................................................... 17 City Corporation Elections 2015 .................................................................................................. 17 By-election in Dohar Upazila ....................................................................................................... 18 Municipality Elections 2015 ........................................................................................................ 18 Pre-election violence ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • “History of BANGLADESH” Victory Day (বিজ붼 বিিস - Bijoy Dibos), 16Th December 1971 Declaration of Independence, March 26, 1971
    Research Paper “History of BANGLADESH” Victory Day (বিজ붼 বিিস - Bijoy Dibos), 16th December 1971 Declaration of Independence, March 26, 1971 Submitted by: Radwan Chowdhury www.RadwanChowdhury.info | [email protected] Phone: +1-904-759-6644 | +88-0183-149-3878 | +971-50-296-1628 Social Media: FB.com/RadwanChowdhury | Twitter.com/RadwanChowdhury Submitted To: Our Youth Supporting Organization (s): UDiON Foundation Web: www.udionfoundation.org | E-mail: [email protected] Social Media: FB.com/UdionFoundation | US Phone: 1-347-70-UDiON Submission Date: November, 5, 2013 Tags: Developing Countries | Government-NGO Relations | Non-Governmental | Policy Advocacy Groups | Public Health | Activists | Gender InEquality | Women’s Empowerment | Education | Poverty | Children’s | Diversity | Organizations | Press and Media. Read it Forward * Out Innovate * Out Educate * Out Build © Copy Right | RADWAN CHOWDHURY | All Rights Reserved Page 1 of 10 Victory Day (বিজ붼 বিিস - Bijoy Dibos): is a national holiday in Bangladesh celebrated on December 16 to commemorate the victory of the Allied forces High Command over the Pakistani forces in the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. The Commanding officer of the Pakistani Forces General AAK Niazi surrendered his forces to the Allied forces commander Lt. Gen. Jagjit Singh Aurora, which marked ending the 9 month-long[1] Bangladesh Liberation War and 1971 Bangladesh genocide and officially secession of East Pakistan into Bangladesh. History: The Bangladesh Liberation War (Bengali: মুক্তিযুদ্ধ Muktijuddho) was a South Asian war of independence in 1971 which established the sovereign nation of Bangladesh. The war pitted East Pakistan and India against West Pakistan, and lasted over a duration of nine months.
    [Show full text]
  • Gauri Gill 1984, a Bibliography a Adam Jones, Genocide: A
    Gauri Gill 1984, A Bibliography A Adam Jones, Genocide: A Comprehensive Introduction, Routledge Press (ISBN 9781317533856), 2016 Aatish Taseer, The Way Things Were,Pan Macmillan (ISBN 9789382616337), 2014 A.G. Noorani, CIVIL LIBERTIES: Supreme Court and Punjab Crisis, EPW magazine, September 22, 1984 A.G. Noorani, CIVIL LIBERTIES: Rule of Law and Terrorism in Punjab and Northern Ireland, EPW magazine, October 20, 1984 A.G. Noorani, CIVIL LIBERTIES: Ill-Treatment of Political Detenus, EPW magazine, April 20, 1985 A.G. Noorani, CIVIL LIBERTIES: The Terrorist Act, EPW magazine, June 1, 1985 A.G. Noorani, Misra commission under fire, Sikh Review, 35 (401), May 1987 A.G. Noorani, CIVIL LIBERTIES: Repressive Laws in Punjab, EPW magazine, September 12, 1987 A.G. Noorani, CIVIL LIBERTIES: Ill-Treatment of Political Detenus, EPW magazine, January 23, 1988 A.G. Noorani, Crisis in Judiciary, Frontline, May 11, 2018 Ajaz Ashraf, 1984 revisited: The guilty men of Delhi, Sikh Review, 41 (11), November 1993 Ajeet Caur, November Churasi (Short story collection), Navyug Publishers, 1995 Ajmer Singh, Etmad A. Khan, Carnage 84, The Ambushing Of Witnesses, Tehelka magazine Special Issue October 8, 2005 Amandeep Sandhu, Roll of Honour, Rupa Publications, (ISBN 9788129120236), 2013 Amarjit Chandan, Jugni (Essay), Likhat Parhat, Navyug Publishers, 2013 Amarjit Chandan, Punjab de QatilãN' nu and O jo huNdey sann (Poems), JarhãN, 1995, 1999, 2005 Amarjit Chandan, The Camera and 1984, https://sikhchic.com/1984/the_camera_1984, 2012 Amitav Ghosh, The Ghosts of Mrs Gandhi, The New Yorker magazine, July 1995 Amiya Rao, When Delhi Burnt, EPW magazine, December 8, 1984 Amiya Rao, The Delhi massacre and censoring the Sikhs.
    [Show full text]
  • Celebrating 50 Years of India-Bangladesh Relations
    Celebrating 50 Years of India-Bangladesh Relations January 30, 2021 India-Bangladesh relations are diversified and strategic, and the recent initiative to welcome the Bangladeshi tri service contingent in 2021 India’s Republic Day parade has been a landmark move as Bangladesh celebrates 50 years of its independence.There is further scope to widen bilateral relations through mutual benefit, and huge prospects to develop people to people connect. In news: A 122-member contingent of the Bangladesh Armed Forces participated in the 72nd Republic Day parade to commemorate 50 years of the Liberation of Bangladesh in 1971 Placing it in syllabus: Foreign Affairs Dimensions: Provisions Treaty of Peace and Friendship 1971 50 years of Relationship Economic Relations Defence Relations Cultural Relations Contentious Issues in Relationship How should India address them? Content: Provisions Treaty of Peace and Friendship: The India–Bangladesh Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Peace was signed on 19 March 1972 forging close bilateral relations between India and the newly established state of Bangladesh. The treaty was also known as the Indira–Mujib Treaty, after the signatories of the treaty the Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi and the Prime Minister of Bangladesh Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. There are twelve Articles incorporated in the treaty Important provisions of the treaty are as follows: Indian and Bangladesh shall aspire for lasting peace and friendship between the two countries and each side shall respect the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the other and refrain from interfering in the internal affairs of the other side. Condemned colonialism and racialism of all forms, and work toward eliminating it Reaffirmed faith in the policy of non-alignment and peaceful co-existence as important factors for easing tension in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • LIBERATION WAR MUSEUM BATALI HILL, CHITTAGONG By
    LIBERATION WAR MUSEUM BATALI HILL, CHITTAGONG By Rayeed Mohammad Yusuff 11108022 Seminar II ARC 512 Submitted in partial fulfilment for the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Architecture Department of Architecture BRAC University Fall 2015 LIBERATION WAR MUSEUM | 2 ABSTRACT The year of 1971 is the most significant year in the lives of the Bangladeshis. Our liberation war of 1971 is an event which marks the existence of Bangladesh. It was a war fought by the people and these valiant men and women helped us gain this country. However, in the process of gaining independence, several lives were lost, many girls and women raped and numerous people had to be displaced. The heinous Pakistanis did not hesitate once to kill the innocent people of Bangladesh. It has been almost 44 years since this war was fought and unfortunately, many people are slowly forgetting the importance of this war and the real story behind it. I believe that the people who had been present during the war and have actively participated in it are the ones who can give us the most accurate information about our Liberation War. During this long span of time, we are slowly losing most of them and we urgently need to preserve their experiences and information for the future generation. Chittagong, being a historic site during the Liberation War of 1971, does not have a Liberation War Museum of a large magnitude compared to Dhaka. Chittagong not only contributed during the Liberation War but also played a major role before it. Hence, an attempt was made to design a Liberation War Museum in Batali Hill, Chittagong.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluating the Phenomenon of Urban Heat Island Effect of Suhrawardy Udyan, Dhaka Sabrina Rahman, Soniha Nuzrat, Ashrafun Nahar Liza, Nawrin Mahmud
    International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 9, Issue 10, October-2018 1657 ISSN 2229-5518 Evaluating the Phenomenon of Urban Heat Island Effect of Suhrawardy Udyan, Dhaka Sabrina Rahman, Soniha Nuzrat, Ashrafun Nahar liza, Nawrin Mahmud Abstract— Dhaka City, like other large cities, is warmer than surrounding areas due to the urban heat island effect, which is defined as an increase in urban air temperature as compared to surrounding suburban and rural temperature. The development of a heat island has regional-scale impacts on energy demand, air quality, and public health. Artificial urban land uses such as public open spaces, commercial and residential buildings, roads, and parking lots covered by impervious surfaces can contribute to the formation of urban heat islands (UHIs). Considering the increasing paved area with little vegetation cover in Dhaka, Bangladesh, this study evaluated the phenomenon for UHI effect of Suhrawardy Udyan, Dhaka. The recent scenario after the construction of Liberation War Monument project will be evaluated through an observational study. With the help of Metrological department of Bangladesh, a comparative observational study will be evaluated with the previous scenario before construction of the project. This study will help us to observe the phenomenon of Urban Heat Island effect in a public open space. Index Terms— Dhaka Public space, Impervious surface, Public open space, Temperature, Urban Heat Island, UHI effect of Suhrawardy Udyan. —————————— —————————— 1 INTRODUCTION he term “urban heat islands” refers to the observed tempe- An urban heat island is created when naturally vegetated T rature difference between urban environments and the surfaces – e.g., grass and trees – are replaced with non- surrounding rural areas.
    [Show full text]