Staffordshire County Council

GIS Locality Analysis for District

Council area:

Specialist Housing for Older People

December 2018

Contents 1 Purpose ...... 4 2 How the Locality Analysis has been devised ...... 4 2.1 Mapping and distances ...... 4 2.2 Public transport accessibility and journey times ...... 6 2.3 Bus routes within ...... 6 2.4 Eligibility for a free bus pass ...... 7 2.5 Population demographics ...... 7

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Document details County Council: GIS Locality Analysis for Lichfield Title District: Specialist Housing for Older People Date created December 2018 Produced by Staffordshire County Council Jackie Averill Commissioning Officer: Market Development and Quality Author Assurance Email: [email protected] This product is the property of Staffordshire County Council. If you wish to reproduce this document either in whole, or in part, please acknowledge the source and the author(s).

Copyright and Staffordshire County Council, while believing the information in disclaimer this publication to be correct, does not guarantee its accuracy, nor does the County Council accept any liability for any direct or indirect loss or damage or other consequences, however arising from the use of such information supplied.

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1 Purpose

The Lichfield District locality analysis examines the current supply of specialist housing for older people, and the provision and accessibility by foot and public transport of services and amenities within the main conurbations which would support independent living models for older people. It has been prepared by Staffordshire County Council for use by a range of organisations that would benefit from this type of information to inform their own planning processes for specialist housing provision. The analysis is the third of eight such documents which will cover all Staffordshire districts.

It is intended that the locality analyses will complement a countywide evidence base of demand for and supply of specialist housing for older people that the Council is publishing on its website under Information for Providers which can be found here: https://www.staffordshire.gov.uk/health/Information-for-providers/Information-for- providers.aspx

Information contained within the locality analysis is up to date on the day it’s published but is a snapshot at a point in time and some will be subject to change, such as planning applications and bus times and routes. It should also be noted that it has only been possible to include relevant information that is held by the County Council, has been shared with us by partner agencies for this purpose or is available on public websites. Whilst it is planned to update the documents at regular intervals it is highly recommended that the reader double check that any key information is still valid.

2 How the Locality Analysis has been devised

2.1 Mapping and distances

This analysis focuses on the main conurbations of Lichfield and . The radius of the analysis for each town has been gauged individually, taking into account the size of the town and the location of its facilities, amenities and whether there are other conurbations of importance nearby.

1. Lichfield is a compact city and the entirety of the built-up area falls within a 2km radius from the post code WS13 6JW. 2. Burntwood comprises several small communities which have their own identities and retail centres; therefore a larger radius of 2.5km radius has been used to cover the built-up area.

The conurbation of is in Lichfield district council area but will be included in the Tamworth GIS locality analysis due to its proximity to Tamworth town.

Short distances between amenities and bus stops within the town centre have been measured in metres using the manual measuring tools in ArcGIS following the most obvious walking route and are therefore approximations only. Longer distances have been

GIS Locality Analysis for Lichfield District Council Area Page 4 measured in kilometres as the crow flies and should be considered as rough indications only.

When analysing access to facilities on foot assumptions have also been drawn based on guidance from the Department of Transport 20041 regarding walking speeds and also the Staffordshire County Council Local Transport Plan 2011.

It doesn’t indicate how long a person in later life can be expected to walk for, but if older people per se are taken into consideration, it suggests the following walking speeds (measured as m/sec):

Table 1: Walking speeds for independent older people (m/sec) Age Male Female 70-79 0.89 0.74 80+ 0.54 0.59 Average 83-year-old with 0.47 balance problems

Data suggests that 25% of a population averaging 83 years of age cannot walk more than 500m without a degree of difficulty or at all 2. If the lowest speed of 0.54m/sec for older independent individuals is considered and for those with extra support needs is 0.47m/sec the following has been calculated for the purpose of this report:

• Taking a midpoint for a person aged 80+, equates to an average of between 0.54 and 0.59m/sec which is 160 – 180m distance in 5 minutes. • An individual walking at 0.54m/sec can cover 160m in 5 minutes and an individual with balance problems, 140m in the same period. • 160m has been assumed to be a sensible one-way walking distances to services/amenities for the target individuals who are more likely to have a level of physical disability and/or physical frailty.

The Staffordshire Local Transport Plan sets 350m to a bus stop for the whole population as an acceptable accessibility standard for policy purposes. For this work, a more conservative approach to a reasonable walking distance between bus stops and amenities or services has been used that takes into account age, balance difficulties, that people may be conveying groceries and bags, and remembering that individuals who are using public transport will have an additional walk at the start and end of their journey. It is assumed that target individuals can cover a 2-way walking distance of 320m. However, it should be noted that for some individuals with a higher level of physical disability and/or physical frailty or balance problems this distance may exceed a reasonable walking distance.

1 Dunbar G., Holland C.A., Maylor E.A. Road Safety Research Report No. 37 Older Pedestrians: A Critical Review of the Literature. Department for Transport (2004). Available from: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http:/www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roadsafety/research/rsrr/theme1/older pedestriansacriticalrev.pdf 2 Poranen-Clark T., von Bonsdorff M.B., Rantakokko M. et al (2017) Executive Function and life space mobility in old age. Aging Clin Exp Res

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Throughout this analysis, walking times have been calculated on the walking speed basis of 0.54 m/sec for an older independent individual so it may be assumed that it will take longer for a frail person with physical restrictions to walk these distances.

2.2 Public transport accessibility and journey times

The analysis examines accessibility by public transport to a range of health, retail and banking services. This has been conducted by using the most frequent bus services only to the bus stop nearest the amenities in question. There may be other bus services that are less frequent but have a more direct and quicker journey time, with more or less of a walk from the bus stop at the end of the journey to their chosen destination, or it may be quicker to use a combination of services.

2.3 Bus routes within Lichfield district

The main bus routes across Lichfield are shown in the map below. Bus routes are displayed as follows:

Map 1: Bus routes in Lichfield district

Alrewas

Armitage and Fradley South

Burntwood Lichfield

Fazeley

Source: Staffordshire County Council

Buses run between Lichfield and , also calling at Burntwood, every 30 minutes, provided by the numbers 61 and 62 services, with a journey time of 55 minutes. The 825 Lichfield to town centre service provides a 30-minute service throughout the day which calls at and Stafford County Hospital. The 812 runs throughout the day at hourly intervals from Lichfield to Burton town centre, calling at Fradley.

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2.4 Eligibility for a free bus pass

Older people and people with a disability may qualify for a County Council issued bus pass which gives free travel in the Staffordshire County Council area when they board a local bus service anywhere in the Staffordshire County Council area (please note that this excludes Stoke-on-Trent). Information on eligibility for a bus pass can be found at https://www.staffordshire.gov.uk/transport/publictransport/buses/buspass/OlderDisabled/ 247travel.aspx

2.5 Population demographics

Lower Super Output Areas (LSOAs) have been used for the purpose of identifying the population demographics. These are geographical areas designed to improve the reporting of small geographical area statistics for Census purposes, and generally consist of between 1000 – 3000 people or 400 – 1200 households.

For the purposes of statistical analysis, the population is divided into five equal groups called quintiles. The Locality Analysis focuses on those LSOAs which, when ranked against all other LSOAs in the country, fall into the first quintile (ranked in the top 20%) because it has the highest number of a population demographic or a deprivation index, for example people aged 75 plus or Health Deprivation and Disability.

Colour coding is used in the graphics to effectively display the various concentrations in quintiles of a particular demographic for the LSOA in question. In the maps LSOAs that fall into the first quintile are coloured red, and those in the second quintile which has the next highest concentration, are displayed as amber. See below for legend key:

Ranked in the top 20% for high population or relative deprivation (1st quintile)

Ranked between 20-40% for population or relative deprivation (2nd quintile)

Ranked between 40-60% for population or relative deprivation (3rd quintile)

Ranked between 60-80% for population or relative deprivation (4th quintile)

Ranked in lowest 80-100% for population or relative deprivation (5th quintile) density quintile

Population data for the Lower Super Output Areas has been derived from 2016 mid-year population estimates from the Office of National Statistics. Indices of deprivation 2015 data is from Communities and Local Government and Single Person Households data comes from 2011 Census, Office for National Statistics.

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