Low-Rise Residential Multifamily Dwelling Construction
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ABSTRACT the Main Feature of a Conventional Terraced Housing Development Is Rows of Rectangular Shaped Houses with the Narrow Fa
MAKING A RETURN ON INVESTMENT IN PASSIVE ARCHITECTURE TERRACED HOUSES DEVELOPMENT Wan Rahmah Mohd Zaki Universiti Teknologi Malaysia(UiTM) Malaysia E-mail: [email protected] Abdul Hadi Nawawi Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaQJiTM) Malaysia E-mail: [email protected] Sabarinah Sh Ahmad Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaQJiTM) Malaysia E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The main feature of a conventional terraced housing development is rows of rectangular shaped houses with the narrow facade as the frontage. Consequently, this limits natural cross ventilation and daylight penetration into the middle of the houses; and cause for unnecessary energy consumption on mechanical cooling and artijicial lighting to make the living spaces comfortable for occupants. Such inconsideration is mainly attributed to the optimum configuration of houses which offers the most economic return desired by the developer. Passive Architecture (PA) design strategies can make terraced houses more conducive for occupants as well as gives reasonable returns to the developer. The idea is demonstrated on a hypothetical double storeys terraced scheme in a 2.5 acre site whereby it is transformed intofour types of PA terraced houses development. The Return on Invesfment of the PA terraced houses is ascertained for two situations, ie., (i) fwed sales price for all types of house; and (ii) added premium to PA terraced houses due to the positive unintended effects such as low density housing, etc. If critical criteria for demand and supply in housing remain constant, it is found that PA terraced housing development offers competitive returns to the developer relative to the returns for conventional terraced housing scheme. Keyworh: Orientation, Indoor Comfort and Operational Energy 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Housing and Energy The recent public awareness on sustainability calls for housing to not only serves as a basic shelter but also to be energy efficient, i.e., designed to make occupants need low operational energy. -
Elevator Design Book. Synergy ® and Evolution ® Design Contents
Elevator Technology Elevator design book. synergy ® and evolution ® Design Contents synergy and evolution 04 Philosophy. Design line architecture 05 How to define your personal cabin 06 F design line 07 E design line 15 D design line 29 C design line 43 B design line 55 A design line 71 Cabin and landing fixtures 85 Planning tools 92 About us 93 We have turned our elevators into an architectural design element, providing users with a great thyssenkrupp ambiance they can see and feel. New design collection for synergy and evolution elevators offers a wide range of attractive styles and moods. Perfect, down to the detail. Every single element reflects our commitment to creating the optimum ride experience. From functional, robust cabin interiors to a luxurious look and feel: all design elements speak a clear language and provide exceptional quality. Our many combination possibilities allow you to select a design that perfectly meets your individual taste and needs. 4 synergy and evolution. Design line architecture. 5 synergy and evolution. Design line architecture. Our synergy and evolution elevators combine state-of-the-art technology with flexible Our synergy and evolution elevators feature new design lines, which are named with design. Immerse yourself in the design world of these two elevator families and choose letters from “F” to “A”. “F” indicates a more functional, robust design line, whereas “A” the design that suits your taste and requirements. portrays the premium designs. Our designers have developed predesigned cabins in various ambiances for each design line. In addition, the design lines A, B, E and D offer synergy evolution the opportunity to configure cabins according to your individual taste - truly custom fit. -
Clear Wall Planning Guide
Clear Wall Planning Guide December 2020 Clear Wall Planning Guide 1 Contents Five steps to specs ...................................................................................... 3 Design and Installation Planning .....................................................4 - 11 Space Planning, Site Survey and Measurement...........6 - 10 Planning Checklist ...........................................................................11 Components .........................................................................................12 - 25 Framing Elements ...................................................................13 -15 Transition Connectors ...........................................................15 - 16 Glass Inserts................................................................................ 17-18 Copolymer Strips ........................................................................... 19 Doors ..................................................................................................20 Door Sections ......................................................................... 21 - 23 Door Hardware ......................................................................24 - 25 Power/Data .................................................................................................. 26 Installation ...........................................................................................27 - 40 Clear Wall Planning Guide 2 5 Steps Five steps to specs: 1. Pre-qualify the project 2. Select Framing Elements 3. Select -
Building a Safe Room Inside Your House COURTESY of NOAA/NSSL Includes Construction Plans and Cost Estimates
FEMA 320 FIRST EDITION October 1998 COURTESY OF NASA COURTESY Taking Shelter From the Storm: Building a Safe Room Inside Your House COURTESY OF NOAA/NSSL Includes Construction Plans and Cost Estimates Federal Emergency Management Agency Mitigation Directorate 500 C Street, SW. • Washington, DC 20472 www.fema.gov Acknowledgments This booklet and the construction drawings it contains would not have been possible without the pioneering work of the Wind Engineering Research Center at Texas Tech University, the diligent efforts of the design team, and the constructive suggestions of the reviewers. Design Team Reviewers Paul Tertell, P.E. Dennis Lee Project Officer Hurricane Program Manager Program Policy and Assessment Branch Mitigation Division Mitigation Directorate FEMA Region VI FEMA Denton, Texas Washington, DC Bill Massey Clifford Oliver, CEM Hurricane Program Manager Chief, Program Policy and Assessment Branch Mitigation Division Mitigation Directorate FEMA Region IV FEMA Atlanta, Georgia Washington, DC TIm Sheckler, P.E. Dr. Ernst Kiesling, P.E. Civil Engineer Professor of Civil Engineering National Earthquake Program Office Wind Engineering Research Center Mitigation Directorate Texas Tech University FEMA Lubbock, Texas Washington, DC Dr. Kishor Mehta, P.E. Dr. Richard Peterson Director, Wind Engineering Research Center Chairman, Department of Geosciences Texas Tech University Texas Tech University Lubbock, Texas Lubbock, Texas Russell Carter, E.I.T. Larry Tanner, P.E., R.A. Research Associate Research Associate Wind Engineering Research Center Wind Engineering Research Center Texas Tech University Texas Tech University Lubbock, Texas Lubbock, Texas William Coulbourne, P.E. Richard Vognild, P.E Structural Engineer Director, Technical Services Greenhorne & O’Mara, Inc. Southern Building Code Congress International Greenbelt, Maryland Birmingham, Alabama Jay Crandell, P.E. -
TW-15 Typical Balcony/Breezeway Detail
P.O. Box 1404 Joplin, MO 64802-1404 Typical Balcony/Breezeway Detail 800-641-4691 1 inch TW-15 All logos are cmyk tamkowaterproofing.com If needed, TAMKO red is PMS185 1.5 inch FINISHED WALL When to use:Or metal counterflashing at openings. page up to 6 inches = 1 inch TWM-1 MASTIC WEATHER RESISTANT BARRIER or other appropriate, page up to 12 inches = 1.5 inch Positioned to lap TW-60 12" flashing in shingle fashion. compatible sealant at page up to 18 inches = 2 inch membrane and metal page over 18 inches = 2.5 inch flashing terminations. TW-60 12" FLASHING 2 inch Positioned with 4" minimum on horizontal leg and PRIMED 26 GA. 2" minimum beyond vertical leg of metal flashing. The use of TW-60 18" Flashing is (MINIMUM) GALVANIZED recommended in regions that experience heavy snow fall and ice buildup. METAL L-FLASHING (4" × 4" MINIMUM) TW-60 SHEET WATERPROOFING MEMBRANE Prime metal flashing prior to TAMKO red is PMSPlywood 185, or OSB deck must be fully covered. installation with TWP-1 or CONCRETE which according to the TWP-2 primer. 2.5 inch logo standards breaks TWM-1 MASTIC down to be M100, Y80 or other appropriate, compatible sealant at TW-60 termination as a cant. ADHESIVE PRIMER* METAL FLASHING EXTRUDED ALUMINUM BALCONY EDGING (T-BAR) FASTENERS Cross-sectional shape varies. Fasten per Positioned 1" from the PLYWOOD or OSB DECK manufacturer’s recommendations. outside edges of the 1/4":12" minimum positive slope 1 inch flashing. Fastener type required away from wall to drain and and spacing as prevent ponding water. -
New York City Fire Code Guide
NYC FIRE CODE GUIDE CODE DEVELOPMENT UNIT BUREAU OF FIRE PREVENTION April 28, 2021 Table of Contents GENERAL QUESTIONS ....................................................................................................................... 2 FC CHAPTER 1 - ADMINISTRATION ..................................................................................................... 5 FC CHAPTER 2 - DEFINITIONS .......................................................................................................... 10 FC CHAPTER 3 - GENERAL PRECAUTIONS AGAINST FIRE .................................................................... 11 FC CHAPTER 4 - EMERGENCY PLANNING AND PREPAREDNESS ............................................................ 19 FC CHAPTER 5 - FIRE OPERATION FEATURES..................................................................................... 22 FC CHAPTER 6 - BUILDING SERVICES AND SYSTEMS ......................................................................... 47 FC CHAPTER 8 –INTERIOR FURNISHINGS, DECORATIONS AND SCENERY ............................................. 55 FC CHAPTER 9 - FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS .................................................................................... 59 FC CHAPTER 10 - MEANS OF EGRESS ............................................................................................... 68 FC CHAPTER 12 - DRY CLEANING ..................................................................................................... 71 FC CHAPTER 14 - FIRE SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION, ALTERATION AND -
Townhouse Or Two-Family Dwelling?
TWO-FAMILY DWELLING, TWO-UNIT TOWNHOUSE and TOWNHOUSE BUILDINGS and the 2020 MINNESOTA RESIDENTIAL CODE Minnesota Department of Labor and Industry DEFINITIONS A two-family dwelling (IRC-2 occupancy) is: • A building containing two separate dwelling units. • The separation between units is either horizontal or vertical. • Both units are on one lot. • Sometimes referred to as “duplexes.” A townhouse (IRC-3 occupancy) is: • A single-family dwelling unit constructed in a group of two or more attached dwelling units. • Each unit is a separate building and extends from the foundation to the roof with open space on at least two sides of each unit. • Each unit is provided with separate building service utilities required by other chapters of the State Building Code. • A two-unit townhouse is sometimes referred to as a “twin-home.” DISTINCTION The primary differences between a two-family dwelling and a two-unit townhouse or twin-home: • Property – A two-unit townhouse or twin-home is typically located on two separate individual lots with a property line running between them whereas both units of a two-family dwelling, or “duplex,” are located on the same single lot. • Separation – A two-unit townhouse must be separated from the foundation to the roof by a double wall (two one-hour walls, see exceptions below). The separation between units in a two-family dwelling can be provided by single one-hour fire-resistance-rated assembly that is horizontal or vertical. • Services – Since each townhouse unit is a separate building, each townhouse unit must be supplied with separate utilities. Units classified as townhouses must be supplied by separate electrical services. -
Schindler 3300 MRL Traction Elevator Entrance Details
Schindler 3300 MRL Traction Elevator Entrance details Single-speed center opening (SSCO) side jamb Single-speed center opening (SSCO) top jamb 2 x 5/8” Gypsum board Wall 2HR fire rating thickness Door space (4.875”) 2 x 5/8” Gypsum board (Ref.) Wall thickness (Ref.) Wall rhickness (Ref.) Clear opening width 1” Gypsum board Rough opening width J-Runner See note A See note A 6.75” 6.75” Rough 4.25” opening 4.25” Wall thickness height Clear Wall thickness 4.75” Wall 4.75” opening thickness height See note B minus 4.25” Wall thickness minus 4.25” See note B 4 3/8”– 5 7/8” Two-speed side opening (2SSO) side jamb Two-speed side opening (2SSO) top jamb Door space (4.875”) Wall thickness (Ref.) Wall thickness (Ref.) Clear opening width Rough opening width See note A 6.75” See note A 2.5” 5.5” Rough 2.5” opening Wall thickness height 4.75” Clear Wall thickness Wall thickness Wall thickness minus 2.5” minus 2.5” opening 4.75” height See note B See note B Strike side Return side 4 3/8”– 5 7/8” Note A: Fire rating is maintained by the interface at this area only. Note B: Finished wall by others. No fire rating at this point. Wall thickness can vary, as jamb thickness remains constant. Dimensions Capacity lbs (kg) Door Type Clear Opening Width x Height ft (mm) Rough Opening Width x Height ft (mm) 2100 (950) 2SSO 3’- 0” x 7’- 0” (915 x 2134) 4’- 4” x 7’- 8” (1321 x 2337) 2SSO 3’- 6” x 7’- 0” (1067 x 2134) 4’- 10” x 7’- 8” (1473 x 2337) 2500 (1135) SSCO 3’- 6” x 7’- 0” (1067 x 2134) 4’- 10” x 7’- 8” (1473 x 2337) General Purpose 2SSO 3’- 6” x 7’- 0” (1067 x 2134) 4’- 10” x 7’- 8” (1473 x 2337) 3000 (1360) SSCO 3’- 6” x 7’- 0” (1067 x 2134) 4’- 10” x 7’- 8” (1473 x 2337) 2SSO 3’- 6” x 7’- 0” (1067 x 2134) 4’- 10” x 7’- 8” (1473 x 2337) 3500 (1590) SSCO 3’- 6” x 7’- 0” (1067 x 2134) 4’- 10” x 7’- 8” (1473 x 2337) Schindler 3300 MRL Traction Elevator Entrance details Landing door mounting options General requirements Requirements for installation vary by type of equipment selected. -
Working from Home How to Stay More Organized
Working from Home How to Stay More Organized Yvonne Glasgow ©2020 by LifeSavvy Media. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means without permission in writing from the publisher, except by a reviewer, who may quote brief passages in a review. Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 1 Create a Workspace ...................................................................................................................................... 1 Make Sure Everything Has a Home ............................................................................................................... 2 Keep Your Workspace Tidy ........................................................................................................................... 2 Organize Your Computer Desktop, Too ........................................................................................................ 3 Introduction Working from home fulltime, with multiple projects going on, can leave your home office and the rest of your house looking a mess. Here's how to stay organized when your house is also your office. A disorganized home and office can distract you from getting work done. Luckily, there are some steps you can take to get and stay organized. By keeping your home and office decluttered and neat, you give yourself space where you can get stuff done. More importantly, a -
Glossary of Terms
143 Glossary of Terms Baluster: A vertical support used to fill the open area between the rail and the stair or landing. Balustrade: A complete rail system that includes the handrail, balusters, and newel posts. Box newel: An oversize square newel that is usually hollow and is used in a post-to-post balustrade system. Brackets: Ornamental pieces fastened beneath the tread on the open side of a stair; also know as tread brackets. Building code: A set of legal requirements established by various governing agencies that covers the minimum regulations for all types of construction, including stair construction. Bullnose starting step or tread: A starting tread that has one or both ends rounded to a semi-cir- cle and projecting beyond the face of the stair stringer. Cap: The part of the fitting that accepts the newel post; used in conjunction with a pin top newel in an over the post balustrade system. Carriage: See stringer. Easement: The over or under ramp of a stair or rail. False Tread Caps: A piece attached to the end of a rough tread to simulate solid wood treads, usu- ally with a carpet runner down the steps. Fillet: A thin strip that is usually flat on one side and fits into the plow of a piece of handrail or shoe rail. Flight: A continuous series of steps with no intermediate landings. Gooseneck: A fitting that is used in the transition of a handrail to a landing or balcony; compen- sates for the change in the rise of the stair and may make a change in direction. -
Save Space by Mounting Your Equipment to the Wall Or Other Surface
Vertical Wall-Mount Server Rack - Solid Steel - 6U StarTech ID: RK619WALLV This wall-mount bracket provides 6U of storage space to vertically mount your equipment on the wall. The 6U wall-mount rack is EIA-310-D compliant to ensure compatibility with any 19” rack-mount equipment, such as your power strips, telecommunication, network and A/V devices. Save space by mounting your equipment to the wall or other surface The 6U rack optimizes your working space by mounting equipment to your wall instead of taking up desk space or other surface area. It's perfect for your SoHo (small office, home office) environment, server room or any other location where available space is limited. Ensure a secure and hassle-free installation The wall rack is constructed of solid steel to ensure a sturdy and safe mounting solution for your expensive, mission-critical equipment. Also, because the wall mounting holes are positioned 16”apart, it exactly matches standard drywall construction framework to ensure simple and secure wall-stud anchoring. Cage nuts and screws are also included with the wall-mount bracket, to save you the hassle of sourcing separate mounting hardware. Customize your workspace with versatile installation options To provide a suitable mounting solution for virtually any surface such as your wall, ceiling or desk, the 6U bracket features separate mounting patterns for both ceilings and walls. This means that you can mount the bracket vertically to your wall or horizontally to your ceiling or under your desk. If you're looking for a mountable storage solution with fewer rack units, StarTech.com also offers a 1U wall- mount bracket, a 2U wall-mount bracket, a 3U wall-mount bracket and a 4U wall-mount bracket. -
Technical Memo.Pdf
COMMITMENT & INTEGRITY 35 New England Business Ctr. T 866.702.6371 DRIVE RESULTS Suite 180 T 978.557.8150 Andover, Massachusetts 01810 F 978.557.7948 www.woodardcurran.com TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM TO: Donald Robinson FROM: Jeffrey Hamel DATE: May 15, 2009 SUBJECT: Summary Data Report – Window Glazing and Existing Indoor Sample Data Lederle Graduate Research Center, Amherst, Massachusetts INTRODUCTION In March 2009 a limited hazardous building materials investigative survey and assessment was conducted by Environmental Health & Engineering, Inc. (EH&E) for Fitzemeyer & Tocci, Inc., to identify asbestos- containing materials, lead in paint, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and other hazardous building materials in anticipation of renovations planned at the Lederle Graduate Research Center (LGRC) low rise building. A report documenting the survey was submitted to the University on March 25, 2009. During the assessment, a sample of the interior window glazing from the third floor conference room of the Science Library was collected and analyzed for PCBs. This sample and a duplicate of this sample detected total PCBs at concentrations of 12,000 parts per million (ppm) and 11,000 ppm, respectively. Given that these concentrations exceed regulatory thresholds per Federal regulations (40 CFR 761) for PCBs in a non-totally enclosed manner, the University retained the services of Woodard& Curran to work with the University to develop an approach and plan to address these conditions. This memorandum presents the results from an initial assessment of the window glazing performed in April/May 2009 and summarizes existing indoor sample data collected within the LGRC building. INITIAL ASSESSMENT This initial assessment included an inspection and inventory of the windows in the low rise and Tower A of the LGRC followed by the collection of representative samples for PCB analyses.