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Endowment Fund Travel Bursary for the 14 Deep-Sea Biology Endowment Fund Travel Bursary for the 14th Deep-Sea Biology Symposium, Portugal (Aug-Sept 2015) Report to the ISA Dr Maria Baker, INDEEP Project Manager and Bursary Awardees 1st October 2015 The International Seabed Authority generously funded a total of eight travel bursaries in order to enable scientists from seven different developing nations (Brazil, Chile, South Africa, Trinidad and Tobago, Argentina, India and China) to attend the 14th Deep-Sea Biology Symposium in Aveiro, Portugal from 30th August to 4th September 2015. INDEEP received 24 applications for the Travel Bursary Awards and the applications were administered and reviewed by the INDEEP office and INDEEP Committee Members. We were delighted to be able to fund eight scientists for their travel and accommodation to enable them to attend this key scientific meeting. Unfortunately, we had two last-minute cancellations (Baban Ingole from India and Yadong Zhou from China) so in the end, six bursary awardees travelled to Portugal for the meeting. Here will follow an abstract of the work that each awardee presented along with a short report (and photograph) from each of them. I sincerely believe that they all gained a great deal from the opportunity that the ISA gave them to attend this meeting. The awardees were: Ignacio Chiesa (Argentina); Eulogio Soto (Chile); Kerry Sink (South Africa); Maurício Shimabukuro (Brazil); Judith Gobin (Trinidad and Tobago) and Naití Morales Serrano (Chile). Amphipods from the Mar del Plata Submarine Canyon, southwest Atlantic Ocean Ignacio Chiesa*, Martínez A, Doti BL * Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, FCEyN, UBA and Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Buenos Aires, Argentina Peracarids are known to be extremely diverse in the benthic deep sea. Particularly for the amphipods, in the whole Southern Ocean, 80 species have been cited below 1000 m depth. The Mar del Plata Submarine Canyon is situated approximately 300 km east to Buenos Aires province, Argentina. In August 2012, a total of 4 benthic samples were taken on board the RV “Puerto Deseado” during the first Argentine expedition conducted in this area. The preliminary results presented herein are based on the study of a single sample taken in 37º57.9’ S, 54º31.9’ W, at 1144 m depth, using an epibenthic sledge equipped with a net of 1 mm mesh size. At least 38 species (some of them new to science) of benthic amphipods, belonging to 21 families were identified: Acanthonotozomellidae, Ampeliscidae, Ampithoidae, Caprellidae, Colomastigidae, Cyproideidae, Dexaminidae, Epimeriidae, Eusiridae, Ischyroceridae, Leucothoidae, Liljeborgiidae, Lysianassidae s.l., Melitidae, Oedicerotidae, Photidae, Phoxocephalidae, Podoceridae, Stegocephalidae, Stenothoidae and Urothoidae. The most abundant and diverse families were Ampeliscidae, Ischyroceridae, Lysianassidae and Phoxocephalidae. Within the peracarid crustaceans, Asellota isopods are usually the dominant group in the deep sea. Nevertheless, in the same sample considered for this study, a smaller number of isopod species were identified, viz: 33 species (27 of these were asellotes). In the Argentine continental margin only 15 species of benthic amphipods had been recorded beyond 300 m depth, these preliminary results aim to improve the knowledge about amphipod biodiversity in the deep southwest Atlantic Ocean. Post-Meeting Report from Ignacio Chiesa The 14th Deep Sea Biology Symposium (DSBS) was conducted during the week of 31 of August to 5 of September in Aveiro, Portugal. The conference was brilliantly organized, and it was a magnificent opportunity to meet researchers from all over the world related with the deep sea sciences. An astonished number of very interesting results (orals and posters), about the new tendencies in the study of the ecology, taxonomy, phylogeny, geology, etc., of the deep sea, were presented. I had the opportunity to meet researchers that work with the same group as me, the amphipods. All these talks were very fruitful for me, and I look forward to collaborate with them in the future. Without any doubt, this symposium expanded my knowledge of deep-sea biology. Without the ISA/INDEEP bursary it would have been impossible for me to participate in the conference. I would like to thank to the International Seabed Authority (ISA) and especially I am very grateful to Dr. Maria Baker and to Dr. Bhavani Narayanaswamy for all the help. Macrobenthos response and sediment properties under hypoxia conditions at continental margin of central Chile Eulogio H Soto*, Quiroga E, Ganga B *Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile Hypoxia and oxygen minimum zones are natural oceanographic disturbances that influence the structure and function of benthic communities. These forcings are expanding in the oceans as a consequence of global change. Therefore it is imperative to know the effect to the benthos by assessing its temporal response. Seafloor macrobenthic assemblages off Valparaiso bay on the continental margin of central Chile, southeast Pacific Ocean, were studied from December 2012 to September 2013. Macrofauna was collected from two oceanographic sites using a modified van Veen grab (0,04m2) and sieved at 500µm. Biogeochemical properties of the sediment and bottom-water column were obtained by gravity corer, CTDO Seabird 19 and Niskin oceanographic bottle, respectively. Faunal composition was characterized by higher diversity and abundance of small- bodied polychaetes with Cossura chilensis, Prionospio sp. and Aricidea pigmentata as dominant taxa. Bivalves and ophiuroids also were important. Mean abundance reached 3840 ind./m2 and biomass 65,7 g/m2. Richness varied between 9-40 species, diversity (H’) 2,5-3,3 bit, evenness (J’) 0,5-0,8 bit and dominance (Simpson) 0,6-0,8 bit. Ecological variables showed differences between sites. Abundance and biomass recorded a seasonal pattern with an increase at the end of period, while dominance also recorded seasonality but with low values in September 2013 (spring). Species richness increased with time and diversity and evenness did not show significant variability. Oxygen concentrations (ml/L) varied between 3,26 and 0,6 showing a decreasing pattern with time. A similar trend was observed for organic matter content (9.7-5.5 %) and mud percentage (48-22 %) in sediments. Particulate organic carbon in bottom water and sand percentage increased in time (0,7-6,8 mg/L and 21-77%, respectively). Redox potential (mean Eh:117 mV) and stables isotopes (mean δ13C:-23,5) showed variability without a clear temporal pattern. Deeper site recorded higher mean values for redox potential (Eh:132 mV), chlorophyll-a (1,8 mg/m3) and sand (60 %). Shallow site recorded maximum mean values for oxygen (1,8 ml/L), particulate organic carbon (4mg/L), mud (43 %), organic matter content (8,2 %) and stables isotopes (δ13C:-24). Principal components analyses and Spearmann correlations indicated that the benthic response would be mainly determined by the organic content of the sediments. Post-Meeting Report from Eulogio Soto: I would like to thank the ISA Endowment Fund and INDEEP, and specially to Maria Baker and Bhavani Narayanaswamy, for the financial support provided for attending to 14th Deep-sea Biology Symposium in Aveiro, Portugal. The symposium enabled me to meet various people with common interests, and also offered me the opportunity to look into collaboration for supporting and developing deep-sea research in my country in the near future. The 14th DSBS was brilliantly organized, interesting and had an impressive attendance by renowned as well as early career scientists from all parts of the word. The financial support received from ISA was fundamental to my participation on this meeting. During the symposium, I had the opportunity to meet old friends, new scientists and to attend to several interesting talks on a broad number of themes from genetics and evolution of deep-sea organisms to challenges of ocean conservation and policy. In addition the symposium ended with discussion on special sessions and it provided an excellent platform for exchange of ideas and discussion with scientists working in similar fields. I hope ISA, INDEEP and others institutions may carry on supporting to scientists from developing countries. Thank very much indeed for the financial support. Stakeholder participation to support offshore protection: Lessons from Africa Kerry Sink*, McQuaid KA * South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa Developing countries have significant challenges in establishing the knowledge base, scientific resources and governance capacity to support wise management of deep-sea ecosystems. Engaging offshore industries can be an effective way to help address these challenges. The benefits of industry participation include valuable early stakeholder input in terms of objectives and approaches to improve offshore ecosystem management; contribution to environmental data bases; accurate mapping of stakeholder activity; opportunities for co-operative research, monitoring, management and conflict resolution. South Africa implemented an Offshore Biodiversity Initiative in 2007, focused on the development of a representative network of Offshore Marine Protected Areas and biodiversity mainstreaming with relevant marine production sectors. Both components required extensive and intensive stakeholder engagement and participation. In 2014, South Africa implemented a new initiative
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