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Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometer Calibrations from the Ar TP to the Ag FP

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Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometer Calibrations from the Ar TP to the Ag FP NIST Special Publication 250-81 Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometer Calibrations from the Ar TP to the Ag FP G. F. Strouse NIST Special Publication 250-81 Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometer Calibrations from the Ar TP to the Ag FP G. F. Strouse Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory Process Measurements Division Thermometry Group January 2008 U.S. Department of Commerce Carlos M. Gutierrez, Secretary National Institute of Standards and Technology James M. Turner, Deputy Director ii Certain commercial entities, equipment, or materials may be identified in this document in order to describe an experimental procedure or concept adequately. Such identification is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, nor is it intended to imply that the entities, materials, or equipment are necessarily the best available for the purpose. National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 250-81 Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. Spec. Publ. 250-81, 79 pages (2008) CODEN: NSPUE2 Errata A single-digit misprint was found in Coefficient A5 in Table 3, printed as -0.61893395 instead of -0.61899395. This publication has been corrected from the original published version of January 2008. (February 2014 correction) 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1 2 ITS-90 Overview (Ar TP to Ag FP) ....................................................................................... 1 2.1 ITS-90 equations ............................................................................................................. 2 2.2 ITS-90 thermometer specifications ................................................................................. 4 3 Description of Services ........................................................................................................... 4 3.1 Types of thermometers calibrated ................................................................................... 4 3.2 Calibration temperature ranges ....................................................................................... 5 3.3 Selecting a calibration temperature range ....................................................................... 7 3.4 Requesting an SPRT calibration ..................................................................................... 7 3.5 Guide for shipping SPRTs .............................................................................................. 7 3.6 Turn-around time ............................................................................................................ 8 3.7 ISSC database ................................................................................................................. 8 3.8 Rejected SPRTs .............................................................................................................. 8 3.9 Special Tests / Requests .................................................................................................. 9 4 Calibration System Overview ................................................................................................. 9 4.1 Calibration process.......................................................................................................... 9 4.2 Fixed point cells ............................................................................................................ 14 4.2.1 Fixed-point cell specifications .............................................................................. 14 4.2.2 ITS-90 fixed-point cell corrections ....................................................................... 18 4.3 Fixed-point cell maintenance systems .......................................................................... 20 4.3.1 Liquid baths .......................................................................................................... 20 4.3.2 Furnaces ................................................................................................................ 20 4.3.3 Maintenance system thermal characteristics ......................................................... 21 4.4 SPRT measurement system........................................................................................... 24 4.5 Measurement software .................................................................................................. 25 5 ITS-90 SPRT Calibration Methods ....................................................................................... 25 5.1 SPRT stabilization methods .......................................................................................... 25 5.2 Calibration by fixed points............................................................................................ 27 5.2.1 Ag FP .................................................................................................................... 27 5.2.2 Al FP ..................................................................................................................... 28 5.2.3 Zn FP ..................................................................................................................... 29 5.2.4 Sn FP ..................................................................................................................... 30 5.2.5 In FP ...................................................................................................................... 31 5.2.6 Ga TP .................................................................................................................... 32 5.2.7 TPW (H2O TP) ...................................................................................................... 33 5.2.8 Hg TP .................................................................................................................... 35 5.2.9 Ar TP ..................................................................................................................... 36 5.3 Calibration report .......................................................................................................... 37 5.4 On receipt of a NIST calibrated SPRT ......................................................................... 37 5.5 Determining the SPRT re-calibration interval .............................................................. 37 6 Internal Measurement Assurance .......................................................................................... 38 6.1 Fixed-point cell element ............................................................................................... 39 6.1.1 Sample purity parameter ....................................................................................... 39 6.1.2 Phase transition repeatability parameter ............................................................... 41 iv 6.1.3 Constant cell pressure parameter .......................................................................... 41 6.1.4 Cell corrections parameter .................................................................................... 41 6.1.5 Design/Assembly parameter ................................................................................. 41 6.2 Furnace/Maintenance system element .......................................................................... 41 6.2.1 Vertical gradient parameter................................................................................... 41 6.2.2 Set-point control parameter................................................................................... 41 6.2.3 Fixed-point cell interaction parameter .................................................................. 42 6.3 SPRT element ............................................................................................................... 42 6.3.1 Heat-flux parameter .............................................................................................. 42 6.3.2 Immersion depth parameter .................................................................................. 43 6.3.3 Self-heating parameter .......................................................................................... 43 6.3.4 Stability parameter ................................................................................................ 43 6.3.5 Wetness parameter ................................................................................................ 44 6.3.6 Contamination parameter ...................................................................................... 44 6.3.7 Light-Piping parameter ......................................................................................... 44 6.4 Measurement system element ....................................................................................... 45 6.4.1 Repeatability parameter ........................................................................................ 45 6.4.2 Non-Linearity parameter ....................................................................................... 45 6.4.3 Ratio-error parameter ............................................................................................ 45 6.4.4 Ohm parameter...................................................................................................... 45 6.4.5 AC quadrature parameter ...................................................................................... 46 6.4.6 Current parameter ................................................................................................. 46 6.4.7 Number of readings parameter.............................................................................
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