DOCSLIB.ORG

Boraginaceae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Boraginaceae Flora Malesiana,Series I, Volume 13 (1997) 43-144 Boraginaceae 1 H. Riedl Vienna) Boraginaceae Juss., Gen. Pl. (1789) 128 (‘Borragineae ’); Brand in Engl., Pflanzenr., fam. IV.252 (1921) 1-183 (Cynoglosseae ); ibid. (1931) 1-236 (Cryptantheae); Heine in Fl. Nouv.-Caléd. 7 (1976) 95-118; I.M.Johnston, Contr. Gray Herb. 73 (1924) 42-73; Ridl., Fl. Malay Penins. 2 (1923) 438-442; C.B.Rob., Philipp. J. Sc., Bot. 4 (1909) 687-698; Van Royen, Pac. Sc. 29 (1975) 79-98. Trees, shrubs, subshrubs, woody climbers, perennial or annual herbs usually covered by hairs or bristles on the herbaceous parts, woody species sometimes entirely glabrous. Leaves alternate, very rarely oppsite (in Tournefortia), exstipulate, undivided, usual- in few with reticulate venation of which ly entire, a very species serrate, only the main detectable in most either nerves are clearly cases. Inflorescence a simple cyme or com- pound, cymes arranged dichotomously or in racemes or panicles, with or without bracts, terminal or lateral, sometimes single flowers in the axils of upper leaves. Flowers her- maphroditic, rarely unisexual and plants monoecious, composed of calyx and corolla, pentamerous, rarely tetramerous, actinomorphous, in some genera slightly zygomor- phous. Calyx campanulate to cup-shaped, lobes entirely free or more or less coherent, sometimes accrescent or spreading after flowering, sessile or distinctly stalked. Corolla coherent in lower part (tube), lobes free, erect or spreading in the upper part (limb), with an intermediate, gradually widening zone (throat), tubular, campanulate to funnel- shaped or rotate, lobes usually imbricate in bud, rarely valvate, bent into the throat (in some Heliotropium spp.) or contorted (in Myosotis). In many genera, scale-like in- in vaginations (fornices) present the throat. In some genera, a basal nectary ring, scale- like appendages (that are not hollow invaginations) or variously distributed hairs inside the corolla present. Stamens of the same numberas corolla lobes, alternating with them, included in or exserted from the corolla; anthers sessile or on distinct filaments, some- times with a sterile tip of connective tissue or produced to an awn-like structure, awns twisted of one flower or not, anthers bilocular, dorsally fixed to the corolla or the fila- often fixed either disc-like ment, opening longitudinally. Ovary superior, to a base or base produced to a conical or pyramidal structure (gynobasis), bicarpellate as a rule, un- four divided, entire or with deep furrows, breaking into two biovulatehalves or into four uni-ovulate sometimes of the locules mericarps (‘nutlets’), part aborted, rarely a greater number of carpels developed (e.g., in Trigonotis procumbens); placentation axillary; ovules erect or nearly horizontal, rarely pendent. Style single, either terminal on the un- divided free at last of the fixed ovary or on top 4-partite ovary, or basally on the disc- like base between the nutlets or apically on the conical to pyramidate gynobasis, undi- 1) With contributions by: P. Baas, Leiden (vegetative anatomy), R.W.J.M. van der Ham, Leiden (pa- lynology), R. Hegnauer, Leiden (phytochemistry and chemotaxonomy). Most drawings are by Ms. N. Spitteler; origin of photographs is as indicated. 43 44 Flora Malesiana, Ser. I, Vol. 13 (1997) vided or once to twice forked, sometimes cleft nearly to the base; stigma absent or disc- the to cushion-shaped terminating style, or (in Heliotropium and Tournefortia) forming a ring round the style at various levels (for convenience’ sake the ring together with the terminal part of the style above the ring is called stigma as a rule); heterostyly rather outside frequent (in groups Malesia). Fruit drupaceous or a berry or divided into 2-4 surrounded hard sometimes adherent mericarps by a outer wall, to the style and separat- ing with an awn; surface smooth, warty, or rugulose, often tuberculate or spiny, some- times divided into a disc-like outer and a convex inner side, the outer disc surrounded by a thickened margin or not, sometimes glochids present on the whole or certainparts of the surface or nutlets winged. Seeds usually without albumen. DISTRIBUTION of About 100 to 115 genera with a total about 2,400 species in all climatic regions of the earth. The of subfamilies Ehretioideae woody genera Cordioideae, and Heliotropioideae in and is in are predominant tropical subtropical regions, Heliotropium widespread trop- ical and temperateregions, while herbs and subshmbs belonging to Boraginoideae are most numerous in temperate regions, in the tropics mainly confined to higher altitudes or growing as weeds and also represented in the arctic with a few species (involves only Boraginoideae). In the Malesian region, 12 genera are indigenous, two more introduced. Of these, Crucicaryum is of rather doubtful value and only known from one collection, which has been lost. Pteleocarpa, sometimesregarded as a member of Boraginaceae, is not includ- in the number ed this family by present author. The of species acknowledged in this ac- is of which 64 65 the other 12 count, 77, or are indigenous, or 13 having been intro- ducedeither for economical and/or ornamental uses or as weeds. HABITAT Boraginaceae are widespread in a great number of different habitats from sandy sea shores mountain desertic semidesertic and to forests, wet meadows, or regions stony slopes. In tropical countries, they are absent from lowland rain forests as a rule as well as from vegetation types derived from them. Subfamily Boraginoideae is confined to mountainousareas at higher altitudes in the tropics and subtropics as mentionedabove. Several species are introduced into new areas of distribution as weeds. ECOLOGY Pollinationis performed by insects of various groups in a great majority of cases though special adaptations to particular pollinators are lacking. Faucal appendages prevent in- with short from the flowers in sects a proboscis pollinating many genera, however. These the in the basal of the is observ- appendages serve as guide to nectar part corolla. Selling ed in a number of taxa, but is prevented by heterostyly in others. Heterostyly is combin- ed with in self-incompatibility as a rule, some genera also with pollen dimorphism. In Cordia bats act large-flowered species may as pollinators. Riedl Boraginaceae 45 several of found within the Nutlets There are ways dispersal family. bearing glochids are well adapted to epizoochorous dispersal. Comparatively small, hard nutlets are eaten their shorter while by birds and transported in digestive tract over longer or distances, the fruits of Cordia are partly digested by mammals and the endocarp is excreted in a viable state. Species of the sea coast such as Tournefortia argentea with a spongy peri- the wind. The carp are dispersed by seawater. Winged nutlets are transported by same is true sometimes in plants with single surviving nutlets that are shed together with the enlarged calyx. FOSSILS There are only a few records of pollen of Cordia and Tournefortia from the Oligocene and Miocene from Mexico, Puerto Rico and the Marshall Islands. Nutlets of still extant and of extinct genera have been reported from the Miocene. Among the latter, epecially Prolithospermum is of interest for the phylogeny ofpresent-day Boraginaceae as demon- strated by Johnston (1954). Literature: Gabel, M.L., Amer. J. Bot. 74 (1987) 1690-1693. — Graham, A. & D.M. Jarzen, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 56 (1969) 308-357; ibid. 63 (1976) 787-842. — Johnston,I.M., J. Arnold Arbor. 35(1954) 1-81. MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMY Hairs — Hairs are among the most generally distributed features in the family. Unicel- but the of in lular hairs are always present, they are not only type hairs many species. Typical for unicellularhairs are agglomerations of calciumcarbonate or cystoliths in their lumen.To maintaintheirflexibility, there are various devices, most often a specific dis- tributionof thin and thickened segments of the cell wall. In many cases, most character- istically in members of tribe Lithospermeae, the hairs are surrounded by one to several calcified cell that different circles of so called 'accessory cells' with walls, may also be in the ratio of length to width from other epidermal cells. Widespread are bristle-like series of cells the terminal cell of which be horizontal hairs with one longitudinal may or found fruits in order them the fur of oblique. These are glochids mainly on to attach to of hairs less hairs which characterized animals. Other types common are capitate are by undivided heads in Boraginaceae, stellate hairs and hairs composed of more than one series ofcells. Literature: Hummel, K. & K. Staesche, Verbreitung Haartypen. In: Handb. Pflanzenanat., ed. 2, IV, 5 (1962). Inflorescence — The most peculiar morphological featureof Boraginaceae is their inflo- sometimes been called It is with rescence, which has 'boragoid'. sympodial a straighten- ed axis. The main axis is terminated by a single flower. From the axil of the uppermost in terminated leaves one or two side branches originate, which turn are by a flower. In Boraginaceae, either single bracts are developed or bracts are utterly suppressed. The composite axis of the inflorescence is continued by a branch originating from the axil of 46 Flora Malesiana, Ser. I, Vol. 13 (1997) the bract if present. This is not obvious in most cases, however, as the true origin of the that the in side branch is obscured by concaulescence, means, two axes are connate part. In most members of Heliotropioideae and Boraginoideae at least,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ecuador Laurel (Cordia) (496)
    Pacific Pests, Pathogens and Weeds - Online edition Ecuador laurel (Cordia) (496) Common Name Ecuador laurel. It is also known as Spanish elm, salmwood, cypre. Scientific Name Cordia alliodora; previously, it was known as Cerdana alliiodora. It is a member of the Boraginaceae. Distribution Africa (Tanzania), North (Hawaii, Mexico), South and Central America, the Caribbean, Oceania. It is recorded from Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, and Vanuatu. A native of tropical America. Invasiveness & Habitat Photo 1. Thicket of young trees, Ecuador laurel, A fast-growing pioneer tree invasive in agricultural land, e.g., coffee and cocoa plantations, Cordia alliodora. pastures, roadsides, and in land used for shifting cultivation. Adapted to disturbed land, and poor soils, in both dry and wet forests, but growing vigorously in full sunlight, in fertile, freely- drained soils, and rainfall between 2000 to 5000 cm annually (Photo 1). Large seed production. From sea level to 1000 masl. Description Up to 35 m, but generally 25 m, about 50 cm diameter at chest height, with branches at the same level around the trunk (Photos 2&3). Leaves lance-shaped to oval, mostly 7-15 cm long by 3-8 cm wide, slightly rough or sandpaper feel, on leaf stalks 1-3 cm, covered in soft hairs, or hairless (Photo 4). Groups of flowers born in axil of leaves or at ends of branches, up to 30 cm across; individually, flowers white, with five lobes, 5-7 mm long, surrounded by 10-ribbed, leaf-like structures (calyx), 4-6 mm long (Photos 5-7).
    [Show full text]
  • Carmona Retusa Carmona Boraginaceae
    Carmona retusa Carmona Boraginaceae Forest Starr, Kim Starr, and Lloyd Loope United States Geological Survey--Biological Resources Division Haleakala Field Station, Maui, Hawai'i January, 2003 OVERVIEW Carmona retusa is a popular ornamental plant cultivated in Hawai'i as a hedge or specimen plant. On Maui, C. retusa is observed in residential plantings, mostly in low elevation neighborhoods, such as Kahului, Wailuku, Lahaina, Paia, Haiku, and Kihei. Seedlings and naturalized plants are also commonly observed in landscaping areas and wild semi-wild areas nearby plantings. In one area in Waiehu, C. retusa forms a dense shrubby understory in a kiawe (Prosopis pallida) forest. This plant is fairly widespread on Maui and is probably beyond the eradication stage. Future efforts should be aimed at monitoring, preventing infestations in natural areas, and educating the public about harmful plants that spread beyond the confines of the garden. TAXONOMY Family: Boraginaceae (Heliotrope family) (Lorence et al. 1995, Wagner et al. 1999). Latin name: Carmona retusa (Vahl) Masamune (Lorence et al. 1995, Wagner et al. 1999). Synonyms: C. microphylla (Lam.) Don; Ehretia microphylla Lam.; Ehretia buxifolia Roxb.; Cordia retusa Vahl (Lorence et al. 1995; Bailey and Bailey 1976; GRIN 2001). Common names: Carmona, Philippine tea (Bailey and Bailey 1976), Fukien tea (Caine and Zane 2001). Taxonomic notes: The genus Carmona, also commonly known as Ehretia, is comprised of about 50 species of evergreen or deciduous shrubs and trees of tropical and subtropical regions of both the New and Old World (Bailey and Bailey 1976). Related species in Hawai'i: Neal (1965) lists Ehretia acuminata R.
    [Show full text]
  • The Maiwa Guide to NATURAL DYES W H at T H Ey a R E a N D H Ow to U S E T H E M
    the maiwa guide to NATURAL DYES WHAT THEY ARE AND HOW TO USE THEM WA L NUT NATURA L I ND IG O MADDER TARA SYM PL O C OS SUMA C SE Q UO I A MAR IG O L D SA FFL OWER B U CK THORN LIVI N G B L UE MYRO B A L AN K AMA L A L A C I ND IG O HENNA H I MA L AYAN RHU B AR B G A LL NUT WE L D P OME G RANATE L O G WOOD EASTERN B RA ZIL WOOD C UT C H C HAMOM IL E ( SA PP ANWOOD ) A LK ANET ON I ON S KI NS OSA G E C HESTNUT C O C H I NEA L Q UE B RA C HO EU P ATOR I UM $1.00 603216 NATURAL DYES WHAT THEY ARE AND HOW TO USE THEM Artisans have added colour to cloth for thousands of years. It is only recently (the first artificial dye was invented in 1857) that the textile industry has turned to synthetic dyes. Today, many craftspeople are rediscovering the joy of achieving colour through the use of renewable, non-toxic, natural sources. Natural dyes are inviting and satisfying to use. Most are familiar substances that will spark creative ideas and widen your view of the world. Try experimenting. Colour can be coaxed from many different sources. Once the cloth or fibre is prepared for dyeing it will soak up the colour, yielding a range of results from deep jew- el-like tones to dusky heathers and pastels.
    [Show full text]
  • Anchusa L. and Allied Genera (Boraginaceae) in Italy
    Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology Official Journal of the Societa Botanica Italiana ISSN: 1126-3504 (Print) 1724-5575 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tplb20 Anchusa L. and allied genera (Boraginaceae) in Italy F. SELVI & M. BIGAZZI To cite this article: F. SELVI & M. BIGAZZI (1998) Anchusa L. and allied genera (Boraginaceae) in Italy, Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology, 132:2, 113-142, DOI: 10.1080/11263504.1998.10654198 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263504.1998.10654198 Published online: 18 Mar 2013. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 29 View related articles Citing articles: 20 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tplb20 Download by: [Università di Pisa] Date: 05 November 2015, At: 02:31 PLANT BIOSYSTEMS, 132 (2) 113-142, 1998 Anchusa L. and allied genera (Boraginaceae) in Italy F. SEL VI and M. BIGAZZI received 18 May 1998; revised version accepted 30 July 1998 ABSTRACT - A revision of the Italian entities of Anchusa and of the rdated genera Anchusella, Lycopsis, Cynoglottis, Hormuzakia and Pentaglottis was carried out in view of the poor systematic knowledge of some entities of the national flora. The taxonomic treatment relies on a wide comparative basis, including macro- and micromorphological, karyological, chorological and ecological data. After a general description of some poorly known microCharacters of vegetative and reproductive structures, analytical keys, nomenclatural types, synonymies, descriptions, distribution maps and iconographies are provided for each entity.
    [Show full text]
  • Cordia Alliodora Boraginaceae (Ruiz Et Pavón) Cham
    Cordia alliodora (Ruiz et Pavón) Cham. Boraginaceae salmwood, onion cordia, laurel blanco, cordia LOCAL NAMES Creole (bwa soumi); Creole Patois (chene caparo); English (laurel,Spanish elm,spruce,salmwood,smoke wood,brown silver balli,corallilo,cordia,cyp,cypress,Ecuador laurel); French (bois de roge,chêne noir,bojon,chêne caparo,bois de rose,bois de Rhodes,bois cypre,bois soumis); German (Rosenholz); Spanish (cinchado,capá o laurel,capa prieto,caparó,chaquine,d’ou lemon,clariaba parda,capá de sabana,chullachaqui blanco,cheven,cypre,bohun,ajahatsa,amapa,amapa asta,amapa blanca,amapa bola,anallo caspi,arbol del ajo,canalete,auxemma,capa de sabana,bolaina,botoncillo,guacimo C. alliodora, self pruning of naturally nogal,caly,canalete de humo,capa,capa de olor,capá de regenerated trees over cacao, San olor,asca,tacurai,freijo,pardillo,partago,picana,picana Francisco, Honduras. (David Boshier) negra,salaam,solera,soleria,solerito,nogal cafetero,suchil sabanero,nogal,tama palo santo,tambor hormiguero,uruazeiro,utaatigo,uurushi numi,vara de humo,varia,varia amarilla,varia colorada,suchil,laurel de puna,aguardientillo,guacimilla,varia prieta,hochi,hormiguero,lanza blanca,lapochillo,laurel,laurel blanco,laurel de monte,dze-ui,laurel macho,laurel negro,laurel prieto,louro,louro amarello,mataatiyo,moho,momiguilla,muneco); Trade name (onion cordia,salmwood,cordia,laurel blanco) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION C. alliodora, a wet zone population in a 14 year old provenance trial at Tumaco, Cordia alliodora grows to over 40 m. Bole generally straight, cylindrical; Colombia. (David Boshier) often clear of branches for up to 50-60% of the total tree height. May or may not be buttressed; on shallow soils, buttresses may extend 1-1.5 m up the trunk.
    [Show full text]
  • Well-Known Plants in Each Angiosperm Order
    Well-known plants in each angiosperm order This list is generally from least evolved (most ancient) to most evolved (most modern). (I’m not sure if this applies for Eudicots; I’m listing them in the same order as APG II.) The first few plants are mostly primitive pond and aquarium plants. Next is Illicium (anise tree) from Austrobaileyales, then the magnoliids (Canellales thru Piperales), then monocots (Acorales through Zingiberales), and finally eudicots (Buxales through Dipsacales). The plants before the eudicots in this list are considered basal angiosperms. This list focuses only on angiosperms and does not look at earlier plants such as mosses, ferns, and conifers. Basal angiosperms – mostly aquatic plants Unplaced in order, placed in Amborellaceae family • Amborella trichopoda – one of the most ancient flowering plants Unplaced in order, placed in Nymphaeaceae family • Water lily • Cabomba (fanwort) • Brasenia (watershield) Ceratophyllales • Hornwort Austrobaileyales • Illicium (anise tree, star anise) Basal angiosperms - magnoliids Canellales • Drimys (winter's bark) • Tasmanian pepper Laurales • Bay laurel • Cinnamon • Avocado • Sassafras • Camphor tree • Calycanthus (sweetshrub, spicebush) • Lindera (spicebush, Benjamin bush) Magnoliales • Custard-apple • Pawpaw • guanábana (soursop) • Sugar-apple or sweetsop • Cherimoya • Magnolia • Tuliptree • Michelia • Nutmeg • Clove Piperales • Black pepper • Kava • Lizard’s tail • Aristolochia (birthwort, pipevine, Dutchman's pipe) • Asarum (wild ginger) Basal angiosperms - monocots Acorales
    [Show full text]
  • A New Species of Trachymyrmex (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) Fungus-Growing Ant from the Sierra Madre Oriental of Northeastern Mexico
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 706:A 73–94 new (2017)species of Trachymyrmex (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) fungus-growing ant... 73 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.706.12539 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A new species of Trachymyrmex (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) fungus-growing ant from the Sierra Madre Oriental of northeastern Mexico Sergio R. Sánchez-Peña1, Manuela Citlali Chacón-Cardosa2, Ricardo Canales-del-Castillo2, Lauren Ward3, Diana Resendez-Pérez2 1 Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, Saltillo, Coahuila, México C.P. 25315 2 Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Av. Universidad S/N, Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 66455 3 Department of Entomo- logy, Texas A&M University, TAMU 2475 College Station, TX 77843-2475, USA Corresponding author: Diana Resendez-Pérez ([email protected]) Academic editor: Brian Fisher | Received 4 March 2017 | Accepted 22 August 2017 | Published 4 October 2017 http://zoobank.org/4849ABEF-71BE-4398-8317-1D329A3018E0 Citation: Sánchez-Peña SR, Chacón-Cardosa MC, Canales-del-Castillo R, Ward L, Resendez-Pérez D (2017) A new species of Trachymyrmex (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) fungus-growing ant from the Sierra Madre Oriental of northeastern Mexico. ZooKeys 706: 73–94. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.706.12539 Abstract Here we describe a new species of Trachymyrmex, T. pakawa sp. n., from the Gran Sierra Plegada range of the Sierra Madre Oriental, in the states of Coahuila and Nuevo Leon, northeastern Mexico. Trachymyrmex pakawa is a large-sized species compared to other North American Trachymyrmex.
    [Show full text]
  • Two New Genera in the Omphalodes Group (Cynoglosseae, Boraginaceae)
    Nova Acta Científica Compostelana (Bioloxía),23 : 1-14 (2016) - ISSN 1130-9717 ARTÍCULO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Two new genera in the Omphalodes group (Cynoglosseae, Boraginaceae) Dous novos xéneros no grupo Omphalodes (Cynoglosseae, Boraginaceae) M. SERRANO1, R. CARBAJAL1, A. PEREIRA COUTINHO2, S. ORTIZ1 1 Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain 2 CFE, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal *[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] *: Corresponding author (Recibido: 08/06/2015; Aceptado: 01/02/2016; Publicado on-line: 04/02/2016) Abstract Omphalodes (Boraginaceae, Cynoglosseae) molecular phylogenetic relationships are surveyed in the context of the tribe Cynoglosseae, being confirmed that genusOmphalodes is paraphyletic. Our work is focused both in the internal relationships among representatives of Omphalodes main subgroups (and including Omphalodes verna, the type species), and their relationships with other Cynoglosseae genera that have been related to the Omphalodes group. Our phylogenetic analysis of ITS and trnL-trnF molecular markers establish close relationships of the American Omphalodes with the genus Mimophytum, and also with Cynoglossum paniculatum and Myosotidium hortensia. The southwestern European annual Omphalodes species form a discrete group deserving taxonomic recognition. We describe two new genera to reduce the paraphyly in the genus Omphalodes, accommodating the European annual species in Iberodes and Cynoglossum paniculatum in Mapuchea. The pollen of the former taxon is described in detail for the first time. Keywords: Madrean-Tethyan, phylogeny, pollen, systematics, taxonomy Resumo Neste estudo analisamos as relacións filoxenéticas deOmphalodes (Boraginaceae, Cynoglosseae) no contexto da tribo Cynoglosseae, confirmándose como parafilético o xéneroOmphalodes .
    [Show full text]
  • Identity of Mertensia Oblongifolia (Nutt.) G. Don (Boraginaceae) and Its Allies in Western North America
    Great Basin Naturalist Volume 58 Number 1 Article 4 1-30-1998 Identity of Mertensia oblongifolia (Nutt.) G. Don (Boraginaceae) and its allies in western North America Ahmed M. Warfa Brigham Young University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn Recommended Citation Warfa, Ahmed M. (1998) "Identity of Mertensia oblongifolia (Nutt.) G. Don (Boraginaceae) and its allies in western North America," Great Basin Naturalist: Vol. 58 : No. 1 , Article 4. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/gbn/vol58/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Basin Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Great Basin Naturalist 58(1), © 1998, pp. 38-44 IDENTITY OF MERTENSIA OBLONGIFOLIA (NUTT) G. DON (BORAGINACEAE) AND ITS ALLIES IN WESTERN NORTH AMERICA Ahmed M. Warfal ABSTRACT.-The current status of Mertensia oblongifoUa (Nutt.) G. Don and its allied taxa is surveyed. On the bases of continuously coherent morphological characters and/or regionally correlated variations, more than 30 taxa, including species, subspecies, varieties, and 1 forma, previously considered different from M. oblongifolia, are now placed under synonymy of this species. Those taxa currently known as M. fusiformis Greene, M. bakeri Greene, and M. bakeri var. osterhoutii Williams are among the new synonyms. Typification, taxonomy, and morphological problems ofM. oblongifo­ lia are discussed. Key words: Mertensia oblongifolia, typification, Wxorwmy, morphology, allied taxa. Nuttall (1834) described and depicted Pul­ represents an important additional morpholog­ monaria oblongifolia from a collection ofplants ical feature in the taxon.
    [Show full text]
  • Christopher William Dick University of Michigan Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Biological Science Building Room 2068, 1105 N
    Christopher William Dick University of Michigan Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Biological Science Building Room 2068, 1105 N. University Ave Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1085 734-764-9408 (voice) 734-763-0544 (fax) [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0001-8745-9137 http://sites.lsa.umich.edu/cwdick-lab/ Education 1999 Ph.D. Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University 1997 M.A. Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University 1990 B.A. Hampshire College, Amherst, Massachusetts Present Appointments 2017- Associate Chair for Museum Collections (UM Herbarium and Museum of Zoology) 2016- Professor and Curator, EEB Department, University of Michigan 2006- Research Associate, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Previous Appointments 2015-2017 Associate Chair for Museum Collections (UM Herbarium) 2014-2017 Director of the Edwin S. George Reserve, University of Michigan 2011-2016 Associate Professor and Associate Curator, University of Michigan 2012-2013 Acting Director of the U-M Herbarium/ Associate Chair for Museum Collections 2005-2011 Assistant Professor and Assistant Curator, University of Michigan 2002-2005 Tupper Postdoctoral Fellow, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute 2001-2002 Mellon Postdoctoral Fellow, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute 1999-2001 Molecular Evolution Postdoctoral Fellow, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute 1992-1999 Graduate student, Harvard University 1992 Botanical Intern, Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, Manaus, Brazil 1991 Field Biologist, U.S. Forest Service, Globe Forest District, Arizona Publication List (*Student or post-doc working in the Dick lab) for citation history see https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=7iy44V4AAAAJ 1. Mander, L., C. Parins-Fukuchi*, C. W. Dick, S. W. Punyasena, C. Jaramillo (in review) Phylogenetic and ecological drivers of pollen morphological diversity in a Neotropical rainforest.
    [Show full text]
  • Medicinal Plants in the High Mountains of Northern Jordan
    Vol. 6(6), pp. 436-443, June 2014 DOI: 10.5897/IJBC2014.0713 Article Number: 28D56BF45309 ISSN 2141-243X International Journal of Biodiversity Copyright © 2014 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article and Conservation http://www.academicjournals.org/IJBC Full Length Research Paper Medicinal plants in the high mountains of northern Jordan Sawsan A. Oran and Dawud M. Al- Eisawi Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. Receive 10 April, 2014; Accepted 24 April, 2014 The status of medicinal plants in the high mountains of northern Jordan was evaluated. A total of 227 plant species belonging to 54 genera and 60 families were recorded. The survey is based on field trips conducted in the areas that include Salt, Jarash, Balka, Amman and Irbid governorates. Line transect method was used; collection of plant species was done and voucher specimens were deposited. A map for the target area was provided; the location of the study area grids in relation to their governorate was included. Key words: Medicinal plants, high mountains of northern Jordan, folk medicine. INTRODUCTION Human beings have always made use of their native cinal plant out of 670 flowering plant species identified in flora, not just as a source of nutrition, but also for fuel, the same area in Jordan. Recent studies are published medicines, clothing, dwelling and chemical production. on the status of medicinal plants that are used fofolk Traditional knowledge of plants and their properties has medicine by the local societies (Oran, 2014). always been transmitted from generation to generation Medicinal plants in Jordan represent 20% of the total through the natural course of everyday life (Kargıoğlu et flora (Oran et al., 1998).
    [Show full text]
  • Brozura Alkana Anglicka Zlom.Indd
    Text: Ing. Marta Mútňanová Ing. Libor Ulrych, PhD. Translati on: RNDr. Radoslav Považan, Mgr. Mária Gréčová Graphic: Ing. Viktória Ihringová Photographs by (see pictures): Ing. Marta Mútňanová (No. 1 – the plant, 2, 3, 4, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17) Ing. Libor Ulrych, PhD. (No. 1 – detail of infl orescence, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11) RNDr. Alžbeta Szabóová (No. 10, 16) Published by the State Nature Conservancy of the Slovak Republic 2010 introduction In 2009 the State Nature Conservancy of the Slovak Republic applied for a non-re- fundable subsidy from the Ministry of Environment of the Slovak Republic within the Operati onal Programme Environment, priority axis 5. Protecti on and Regenerati on of Natural Environment and Landscape, in order to ensure implementati on of program- mes to preserve alkanet. Operati onal Programme Environment aims at use of fi nancial resources from the Euro- pean Regional Development Fund and the Cohesion Fund in the environment protecti - on in the period 2007 – 2013. Its objecti ve is to improve environmental status as well as the rati onal use of natural resources. The project enti tled Implementati on of programmes to preserve criti cally endange- red plant species was approved in September 2009. It focused on preservati on of two criti cally endangered plant species: alkanet – Alkanna ti nctoria and autumn crocus – Colchicum arenarium. The State Nature Conservancy of the Slovak Republic elabora- ted conservati on programmes for both species. On February 25, 2009 the programmes were approved by the Ministry of Environment at an operati ve session of the Minister of Environment in Decree No.
    [Show full text]