PAT MACDONALD 1930 - 2002 President 1998 - 2002 Vice President 1995 - 1997 On the Back Cover: Probably tI Director 1992 - 1994 yet-unnamed species was discovi Membership Representative 8cm (3 in) in diameter. For mor, New Zealand Region 1992 - 1996 80-85.
Patricia was born in suburban Sydney, enthusiasm always making such Australia, on 19 November 1930. After her adventures much easier. secondary education at Hornsby High Pat became an ICS Vice President in School, she attended secretarial college 1995 and President in 1998. She travelled before being employed by a legal firm. Her widely, liaising and discussing ICS matters work took her to many parts of northern' with various regions, always with Australia, where the firm was involved in diplomacy and tact. Her love of China and organising pastoral leases for large grazing the high regard in which the local companies. government officials of Jinhua held her Pat then travelled to the UK, where she will make the first ICS Congress in China worked for the Administrative Staff highly significant. College at Henley and became Director of Pat's contribution to community Course Studies. She then spent six months activities can only be described as huge in Colorado in the USA before returning to President of the Anglican Young Wives Australia and work at the Administrative Club, secretary and life member of the Staff College at Mount Eliza, Victoria. Waiuku . Camera Club, secretary of the Pat met Ron Macdonald in 1958 and Waipipi Country Women's Institute, they married in 1960. In establishing their president of the Waiuku College Parent first garden, they purchased camellias and Teacher Association and chairperson of the joined the New Zealand Camellia Society Waiuku College Board of Governors. in 1963. This was followed by a lifetime of Pat is survived by her husband, son enthusiasm for their favourite flower with Graeme, daughter Wendy and grand over 700 camellias and 150 magnolias in daughter Billie. their garden. Pat was involved for the She will indeed be very sadly missed by remainder of her life in executive positions all of those who had the privilege of and was a judge for over 20 years for the knowing this warm, enthusiastic outgoing New Zealand Camellia Society. person who loved people and plants. In 1964, Pat and Ron joined the International Camellia Society. They From the obituary by Eve Murphy, ICS attended many overseas conferences and in Secretary, from Pat Macdonald's funeral 1984 led the New Zealand delegation to service, Holy Trinity Church, Waiuku, 16 Kunming, Yunnan, China, fostering July 2002. Tributes begin on page 14. understanding between our cultures. They made four forays into remote areas of Cover photo courtesy of Kateigaho southern China, Pat's warmth and magazine. I AIMS OF THE INTERNATIONALCAMELLIA SOCIETY
To foster the love of camellias throughout the world and maintain and increase their popularity
To undertake historical, scientific and horticultural research in connection with camellias
To co-operate with all national and regional camellia societies and with other horticultural societies
To disseminate information concerning camellias by means of bulletins and other publications
To encourage a friendly exchange between camellia enthusiasts of all nationalities
MAJOR DATES ON THE INTERNATIONAL CAMELLIA CALENDAR
6-9 March 2003 - International Camellia Congress,· Jinhua, Zhejiang, China 2-5 March 2003 - Pre-Congress Tour 10-15 March 2003 - Post Congress Tours (see p.17)
Spring 2005 - International Camellia Congress, Locarno, Switzerland (see p.20) 2 INTERNATIONAL CAMELLIA JOURNAL 2002 No. 34 An Official Publication of the International Camellia Society
CONTENTS Page Directors and Officers 4 Message from the President Greg Davis 7 Trubutes to Pat Macdonald 14 Events, People and Places International Camellia Congress in Jinhua City, China 17 International Camellia Congress in Locamo, Switzerland - 2003 20 Villa Anelli Camellias Are Saved Andrea Corneo 22 To Vietnam and Back Waldemar Max Hansen 26 The First National Symposium on Pat Short 32 Yellow Camellias in Vietnam Identifying Belgium's Royal Herb Short 33 Camellias Portuguese Tea Goes into Space Sandra Jorge, Maria do Ceu 35 Costa and Lucelia Pombeiro Farewell to a Royal Camellia Lover Herb Short 38 There Was No Captain Connor Herb Short 39 The Van-Zeller Family and Its Joana Andresen Guedes 42 Contribution to the Camellias of Portigal Camellias on the Island of Madeira Alexander Haas 45 'Atroviolacea': A Camellia Gianmario Motta and 49 Rediscovered Nicola Tartaglione The Camellia Plates of Shin'ichiro Kishikawa 59 L'lllustration Horticle Obituaries John Tooby 68 Eric Craig 68 Violet Stone 70 Dr. James A. Smart 71 Bob Kranen 72 Katsusuke Oota 73 Jean-Claude Rosmann 73 3 Books "Growing Camellias in Cold Climates by William Ackerman 75 Reprints of Old Camellia Books by 75 Shin'ichiro Kishikawa "Kamelien - Gartensaorten by 76 Helga and Klaus Urban Culture and Research Transplanting and Grafting onto Wang Jarong 77 Wild Camellias Biodiversity of the Genus Camellia Tran Ninh 80 of Vietnam New Registrations 86 In the Regions 88 Treasurer's Report 98 Membership 101 4 Officers Directors and Officers 2001-2003
PATRON Charles Puddle, Cae Derw, Tal-y-Cafn, Colwyn Bay, Clwyd LL28 5RH, U.K.
PRESIDENT Mrs. Pat Macdonald, 44 Kelland Road, Waipipi, 3RD Waiuku, New Zealand, deceased July 2002. Effective September 2002: Gregory Davis, 7815 Burgoyne, Houston, Texas 77063-2801, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected]
VICE PRESIDENTS Dr. Ross Hayter, Bells Flat Road, Yackandandah, Victoria 3740, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] Mrs. Patricia Short, 41 Galveston Road, London SW15 2RZ, U.K. E-mail: [email protected] Dr. Shunpei Uemoto, 2-4-32, Ueno-Higashi, Toyonako City, Osaka 560-0013, Japan.
DIRECTORS Africa Keith Kirsten, Keith Kirsten Horticultural International, P.O. Box 1458, Fourways, 2055 Gauteng, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected] Australia Bob Cherry, 2117 Greta Road, Kulnura, N.S.W. 2250. E-mail: [email protected] Peter Levick, 73 Roland Avenue, Wahroonga, N.S.W. 2076. E-mail: [email protected] Miss Nance Swanson, 43 Wellington Road, East Lindfield, N.S.W. 2070. Benelux Marc de Coninck, Place St. Sebastien 28, B-1420 Braine L'Alleud, Belgium* E-mail:[email protected] Channel Islands and Other Regions Mrs Ann Bushell, Les Quatre Vents, Becquet Road, St. Peter Port, Guernsey, GYI 2TH. Marc de Coninck, Place St. Sebastien 28, B-1420 Braine L' Alleud, Belgium. Resigned September 2002 following formation of Benelux Region. Effective November 2002: Robert Chapman, Claremont Court, Mont Millais, St. Helier, Jersey, JE2 4RA.* E-mail: [email protected]. China Prof. Cheng Jinshui, P.O. Box 76, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083. Yang Shouchun, City Hall of Jinhua City, Zhejiang 321000. France Mme. Franc;:oise Brivet, 5 rue des Hauts Closeaux, 92310 Sevres. Max Hill, 30 Chemin du Bois Chaperon, 91640 Briis-sous-Forges. E-mail: [email protected]. 5 Germany/Austria Peter Fischer, Hoden 16, 21789 Wingst, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] Waldemar Max Hansen, Griinenbergerstrasse 24, 73079 Siissen, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] Italy Dr. Andrea Corneo, Via Sirtori 23, 1-20129 Milano. E-mail: [email protected] Japan and other Asian regions Gorou Iimure, 3-1-13, Kouyma, Nerima-ku, Tokyo 176, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] Shigeo Matsumoto, 1-7-26 Takasu-higashi, Wakamatsu-ku, Kita-Kyushu 808-0144, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] New Zealand Mrs. Vonnie Cave, "Seafield", R.D. 4, Wanganui. E-mail: [email protected] Neville Haydon, 48 Takanini School Road, Takanini 1702. E-mail: [email protected] Portugal Sra. Clara Gil de Seabra, Pcta. Prof. Egas Moniz, 167-4" Esq., Porto. E-mail: [email protected] Spain Pedro Miguel Pifieiro Lago, Rua Castelao 7_3" ,36600 Villagarcfa de Arosa, Pontevedra. Switzerland Mrs. Mary Caroni, via Solaria 11, CH-6648 Minusio. United Kingdom Mrs. Marigold Assinder, 29 Deodar Road, Putney, London SW15 2NP. William Johnson, Trannack Vean, Heamoor, Penzance, Cornwall TR20 8UP. Eric Taylor, 8 Cresford Road, Fulham, London SW5 2AN. E-mail: [email protected] U.S.A. Mrs. Annabelle Fetterman, P.O. Box 306, Clinton, N.C. 28329-0306. Arthur Landry, 10522 Ferncliff Avenue, Baton Rouge, LA 70815. E-mail: [email protected] Robert Stroud, 2 Oakgrove Way, Slidell, LA 70458. E-mail: [email protected]
INTERNATIONAL CAMELLIA REGISTRAR Malcolm Perry, 54 East Parade, Eastwood, N.S.W. 2122, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] Assistant Registrar: Dr. Neil Mitchell, 34 Hutchinson Crescent, Kambah, A.c.T. 2902, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] Intermitional Registrar for Europe: Andrew Simons, Wingfield House, 11 Brinsmade Road, Ampthill, Beds. MK45 2PP, U.K. E-mail: [email protected]
SECRETARY Mrs. Eve Murphy, P.O. Box 313, Pukekohe, New Zealand. E-mail: [email protected] 6 TREASURER Neville Haydon, 48 Takanini School Road, Takanini 1702, New Zealand. E-mail: [email protected]
MEMBERSHIP REGISTRAR Dr. David Razzak, Bas S6jour, Ruettes des Fries, Cobo, Guernsey GY5 7PW, Channel Islands. E-mail: [email protected]. Retired December 2002. Effective January 2003: Mrs. Ines Kasimir, Stahlbiihlring 96, 68526 Ladenburg, Germany.* E-mail: [email protected]
EDITOR Herbert Short, 41 Galveston Road, London SW15 2RZ, U.K. E-mail: [email protected] Copy Editor: Roger Long, Ozarda, Les Hamonets, St. John, Jersey JE3 4PF, Channel Islands. E-mail: [email protected]
* To be confirmed at Board of Directors meeting, Jinhua City, China, March 2003.
Printed by George Over Limited, Rugby and Harrow, England
Copyright: No article or illustration may be reprinted without permission of the International Camellia ~, Society and the author. I , \ TimeTable : 1 When it is 1200 (noon) at ICS Headquarters in New Zealand, it is- I \ October to April+ April to October+
"\ 1000 - Eastern Australia 1000 l 0930 - Central Australia 0930 1 i 0800 - Western Australia 0800 , 0800 - Japan 0900 0700 - China 0800 0200 - South Africa 0200 2400 - Western Europe 0200 2300* - Channel Islands 0100 Portugal UK ~, 1800* - East Coast USA 2000* 1700* - Gulf Coast USA 1900* ! ~\ 1500* - West Coast USA 1700* '1 i * Previous day + Precise dates depend on when countries change to Summer Time. J 1 ~ i \, 7 MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT
It is with much sadness that r write this will be on display at the newly completed message. The image of Pat Macdonald is species garden. ever present to all who knew her. However, Also, the history of Chinese camellia 1'm sure that Pat would like all of us to culture predates all others. China is carryon as best we can. Thus, I pledge that working hard to become a major tourist your new President and the lCS Executive destination-some say that China will will do our best to see that all of the rcs surpass Paris as the number one world dreams and aspirations, which Pat so tourist destination in a very few years. The energetically had laid out, will be fulfilled. Jinhua Congress and tours will be a great First, we will all gather in Jinhua, learning experience for all of us. China, in March 2003, to attend the first Secondly, as Pat has pointed out, to lCS Congress in this new lCS Region. Pat continue as a healthy organization, we and a group of energetic Chinese friends must continue to increase our membership. have been working on this Congress for For years we have been a group of mature more than two years. What an opportunity camellia lovers. If you add, say, 20 years to for camellia lovers! So many of our our average age of 1980, it will make us a camellia species are native to China and very senior group today. We must find a
Greg Davis and Pat Macdonald al 200 I Congress in Los Angeles. 8 way to attract younger members. identification projects, petal blight control, Pat has already helped increase cold hardiness, yellow colors, and many membership through championing the other aspects of camellia culture. addition of the China, Switzerland, and Hopefully, you will soon be hearing some Benelux Regions during her presidency. well-deserved and welcome new The Garden Scheme and Translation developments from several of these Assistance were two of Pat's pet projects ongoing projects. for increasing ICS membership. In Jinhua After Jinhua, our next ICS Congress ,- -', we will hear reports from the six Gardens will be in Locarno, Switzerland. Again, Pat of Excellence we approved at the last laid the groundwork for this Congress. Congress in Los Angeles. Hopefully, we This location is a classic tourist destination will find ways to improve and expand this in Switzerland, and has a subtropical program. More Regions are using Italian flavor. Also, you can almost walk to Translation Assistance to make reports and the home and garden of Mrs. Mary Caroni
-_ papers readable for their members. These - our lifelong ICS supporter and Director \ programs cannot help but increase the of the Switzerland Region. How fitting to " appeal of the ICS. be holding an ICS Congress in her home i As well as many others, Pat strongly town. Again, this is a Congress you will \ believed that camellia research will not want to miss. eventually increase the popularity of In conclusion, I wish to thank the ICS camellias. The Otomo Fund has enabled Executive for their good work this past the ICS to make its first Research Grant to year. Special honors are due Ron '\ ! Dr. Clifford R. Parks to continue his_ Macdonald, Eve Murphy, and Neville studies of camellia species. Many other Haydon for their gallant work during the camellia organizations, worldwide, are illness and death of our beloved Pat funding more research projects. Macdonald. God speed to all. Researchers are working on DNA Gregory E. Davis
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~$l1~1+I#AA.~MjJtJT7\:;~ £~**w 10 MESSAGE DU PRESIDENT
C'est avec une profonde tristesse que un groupe de gens tres "senior" j'ecris ce message. L'image de Pat aujourd'hui. Nous devons trouver Ie Macdonald restera a jamais presente a moyen d'attirer de jeunes membres. I' esprit de tous ceux qui l'on connue. Mais Pat a deja contribue a augmenter Ie je suis certain que Pat voudrait que nous nombre de membres pendant sa presidence \ continuions tousdu mieux que nous en se faisant Ia championne de pouvons. Aussi, je vous promets que votre I'adjonction des regions de Ia Chine, de Ia nouveau President et Ie Comite Executif de Suisse et du Benelux. l'ICS feront de leur mieux pour faire se Le programme de jardins et l' assistance realiser tous les reyeS et aspirations de a la traduction constituaient deux des l'ICS que Pat avait entrepris de realiser . projets favoris de Pat destines a accroltre Ie avec tant d'energie. . nombre d'adhesions a l'ICS. A Jinhua " Tous d'abord, nous nous rassemblerons nous entendrons Ies rapports des six tous a Jinhua en Chine en mars 2003 pour Jardins d'Excellence que nous avons assister au premier congres de cette approuve au dernier Congres de Los nouvelle region ICS. Pat et un groupe Angeles. Nous esperons pouvoir trouver d' amis chinois energiques travaillaient a Ia des moyens d'etendre ce programme. preparation de ce congres depuis plus de Davantage de regions utilisent deux ans. QueUe belle occasion pour les .1'Assistance Traduction pour rendre leurs amoureux du camelia!Tant de nos especes rapports et autres documents Iisibles par de camelias sont originaires de Chine et leurs membres. Ces programmes ne beaucoup seront exposees dans Ie nouveau peuvent faire qu'augmenter l'attrait de jardin d'especes qui a ete recemment l'ICS. acheve. Comme beaucoup d'autres, Pat croyait De meme, l'histoire de la culture du fermement que la recherche sur Ie camelia camelia chinois est anterieure a toutes les permettrait en fin de compte d' accroltre la autres. La Chine fait beaucoupd'efforts popularite du camelia. Le fond Otomo a pour devenir une destination touristique permis a l'ICS d'octroyer sa premiere importante - certains disent que Ia Chine va subvention de recherche au Dr Clifford R. depasser Paris comme destination Parks pour poursuivre ses etudes sur les touristique mondiale n° 1 d'ici quelques especes de camelias. Au niveau mondial, ' annees. Le Congres de Jinhua et Ies visites beaucoup d'autres organismes s'occupant 1 organisees constitueront une superbe de camelias financent d'autres projets de occasion d'apprentissage pour nous tous. recherche. Des chercheurs travaillent a des Ensuite, ainsi que Pat Ie soulignait, si projets d'identification de l' ADN, du nous votilons maintenir la bonne sante de contr6le de la rouille des petales, de la notre Societe, nous devons continuer a resistance au froid, des couleurs jaune, et accroltre Ie nombre d'adhesions. Depuis. beaucoup d'autres aspects de la culture du des annees nous representons un groupe camelia. Nous esperons pouvoir bient6t d'amoureux du camelia d'age mlir. Si l'on entendre parler de nouveaux devel \ ajoute une vingtaine d'annees a notre oppements bienvenus et meritants moyenne d'age de 1980, cela fera de nous concernant plusieurs de ces projets en courS. 11
Apres Jinhua, notre prochain congres Congres a ne pas manquer. ICS se tiendra a Locarno en Suisse. Ici En conclusion, je voudrais remercier Ie aussi Pat a pose les fondations de ce Comite Executif de l'ICS pour l'excellent Congres. Cette ville est une destination travail accompli durant cette annee touristique classique en Suisse et a une ecoulee. Dne mention speciale est a faire saveur tropico-italienne. De plus, vous pour Ie courageux travail accompli par Ron pourrez presque vous rendre a pied a la Macdonald, Eve Murphy, et Neville maisonet au jardin de Mme Mary Caroni, Haydon durant la maladie et au deces de supporter de toujours de l'ICS et Directrice notre chere Pat Macdonald. Que Dieu vous de la region Suisse. Comme il semble garde tous. pertinent d'organiser un Congres ICS dans Gregory E. Davis sa propre ville! Voila egalement un BOTSCHAFT DES PRASIDENTEN Diese Botschaft schreibe ich in· groBer Anstrengungen, eine wichtige Touristen Trauer. Jeder, der Pat Macdonald attraktion zu werden und dabei wird von personlich gekannt hat, wird sie fiir immer manchen Leuten gesagt, dass China Paris in guter Erinnerung behalten. Auch bin ich als das Spitzenziel des Welttourismus in davon iiberzeugt, dass Pat es wiinschen einige Jahren iiberholen wird! Von dem wiirde, dass wir alle weitermachen, so gut Jinhua Kongress werden wir mit wir konnen. So verspreche ich Ihnen, dass Sicherheit alle sehr viellernen. !hr neuer Prasident und der ICS-Vorstand Zweitens, wie Pat hervorhob, urn eine sein Bestes tun werden, urn sicher gesunde Organisation weiterfiihren zu zustellen, dass alle Traume und konnen, muss die Mitgliedschaft wachsen. Aspirationen der ICS, die Pat so voller Jahrelang sind wir eine Kamelienlieb Energie geplant hatte, erfiillt werden. habergruppe reiferen Alters gewesen. Erstens werden wir uns in Jinhua, China Wenn man jedoch, sagen wir mal 20 Jahre im Miirz 2003 versammeln, urn an dem auf unser durchschnittliches Alter in 1980 ersten Kongress in dieser neuen ICS aufschlagt, sind wir heute eine alten Region teilzunehmen. Pat und eine Gruppe Gruppe geworden. Wir miissen unbedingt energetischer chinesischer Freunde haben einen Weg finden, jiingere Mitglieder an den Vorbereitungen dieses Kongresses anzuwerben. bereits seit iiber zwei Jahren gearbeitet. Pat hat bereits geholfen, die Eine fantastische Gelegenheit fUr Mitgliedschaft zu erweitern, indem sie sich Kamelien-Liebhaber! So viele der stark dafUr engagierte, die folgenden Kamelienspezies kommen urspriinglich Regionen als Mitglieder einzuschreiben: aus China and werden in dem neu China, die Schweiz und die Benelux angelegten Speziesgarten zu bewundern Staaten. sein. Das Garden Scheme und die Hinzukommt, dass die Geschichte der Ubersetzungshilfe waren zwei von Pats chinesischen Kamelienkultur alter als alle ganz besonderen Lieblingsprojekten, die anderen ist. China macht groBe ICS-Mitgliedschaft zu vergroBern. In 12 Jinhua werden wir Berichte iiber die sechs erfahren werden. "Gardens of Excellence" horen, die wir Nach Jinhua wird unser nachster ICS beim letzten Kongress in Los Angeles Kongress in Locamo, in der Schweiz befiirwortet haben. Wir werden Wege stattfinden. Selbst hier hat Pat geholfen, tinden, dieses Programm zu verbessern den Grundstein flir diesen Kongress zu und weiter aufzubauen. Mehr Regionen legen. Dieser Ort ist ein klassisches \ machen Gebrauch von Obersetzungshilfe, Touristenziel in der Schweiz, das sich
um ihren Mitgliedern Berichte und Papiere durch eine tropisch-italienische Atmos \ zuganglich zu machen. Diese Programme phare auszeichnet. Auch konnen Sie konnen doch nur dazu beitragen, das beinahe zum Haus und Garten von Frau Interesse an der ICS zu erhohen. Mary Caroni, einem legenslangen ICS \ So wohl wie viele andere glaubte auch Mitglied und Direktorin der schweizer Pat, dass Kamelienforschung die Region, laufen. Es trifft sich ausgezeichnet Popularitat der Kamelien eines Tages daher, den ICS-Kongress in ihrer erhohen wird. Der Otomo Fund hat es der . Heimatstadt abzuhalten. An dieser Stelle ICS moglich gemacht, ihr erstes muss ich betonen, dass dies ein Kongress \ Forschungsstipendium an Herrn Dr. sein wird, den Sie unter keinen Umstanden Clifford R. Parks zu vergeben, damit er verpassen soUten! \. seine Forschung der Kamelienspezies AbschlieBend mochte ich dem ICS weiterfiihren kann. Viele andere Kamelien Vorstand fiir die in diesem vergangenen organisationen der Welt finanzieren Jahr geleistete, gute Arbeit danken. weitere Forschungsprojekte. Forscher Besondere Ehre gebiihrt Herrn Ron arbeiten an DNS-Identifizierungs Macdonald, Frau Eve Murphy und Herrn \ projekten, Kontrolle der Braunfaule an Neville Haydon fiir die so tapfer Bliitenblattem, Winterharte, gelben Farben ausgefiihrten Aufgaben wahrend der und vielen anderen Aspekten der Krankheit und dem darauf folgendem \ Kamelienkultur. Wir wiinschen uns, dass Versterben unserer verehrten Pat Sie bald etwas iiber die wohlverdienten Macdonald. Mit den besten Segens und gem gesehenen, neuen Entwicklungen wiinschen. mehrerer dieser weiterlaufenden Projekte Gregory E. Davis
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~\ "We have had so many tributes, it's overwhelming." Those words of Ron Macdonald explain why it is not possible to print them all here. Excerpts from a few follow. \
Murial and I were very sad to hear of Pat's death and send our sincere sympathy to her \ family. We shall always remember her with great affection and as a sincere friend. We recall the many happy occasions when we discussed camellias both in New Zealand and Britain. She always had such great enthusiasm for the ICS and all members owe her a great debt for her sound leadership in recent years. She was one of the most popular presidents in the Society's history and it is a sad loss to the Society and the camellia world. Our thoughts are with her family at this sad time. Charles Puddle . Patron Past Secretary Colwyn Bay, Wales \ \ Pat was a delightful companion, with her great enthusiasm and sense of humour. She was a knowledgeable gardener, a good organiser and, above all, a loving and devoted \ wife, mother and grandmother. We very much enjoyed visiting her home and beautiful garden when we attended the Congress in 1997. Pat accepted the office of President with some apprehension, but soon established herself in her challenging position and revelled in travelling to meet fellow enthusiasts in many parts of the world. \ She will be greatly missed by all who knew her and our deepest sympathy goes to Ron and family. May they find comfort in the many happy memories they must cherish. Violet Lort-Phillips President 1983-1985 Mayda Reynolds President 1995-1997 Jersey, Channel Islands
\ \ ... On behalf of the ICS China Region, the Camellia Branch of the Chinese Flowers Society and ourselves, we wish to express our heartfelt condolences to you. " President Pat Macdonald was a brilliant leader of the international camellia- world and devoted her life to furthering the great cause of camellias. She enjoyed the love and esteem of camellia lovers. In addition, she did so much work for Jinhua's successful application for hosting the \ 15 2003 Congress. In 1999, she visited Jinhua and laid the cornerstone of the International Camellia Species Garden. In 2001, during the Los Angeles Congress, she encouraged everyone to attend the Jinhua Congress. She was very much concerned about the preparatory work and sent Mrs. Eve Murphy to inspect the Congress facilities and places to be visited. Now, when we are full of confidence in preparing the coming Congress, we learn of her death. The news is like a thunderbolt out of the sky. How we wish Mrs. Macdonald could attend the Jinhua Congress! We will convert sorrow into strength for the 2003 Congress. We do hope you will moderate your sorrow. Yang Shouchun Director ICS China Region President, Camellia Branch, Chinese Flowers Society Jinhua, Zhejiang Cheng Jinshui Director ICS China Region Beijing
Itis with great sorrow that we have just learned of the passing away of our dear friend, Mrs. Pat Macdonald. We send you our heartfelt sympathy. Mrs. Macdonald was an outstanding leader in international camellia circles. She has made brilliant contributions to international and Chinese camellia undertakings. Her passing is a great loss to the world of camellias. We grieve at the loss of such a sincere friend. Nevertheless, we will convert sorrow into strength and continue the cause pioneered by President Pat Macdonald. We will endeavour to hold the 2003 Congress so as to promote the exchange of friendship and development of the course of camellias internationally. We hope you will moderate your sorrow. Tang Lilu Director, Organizing Committee of 2003 ICS Jinhua Congress Lou Yangsheng Mayor Jinhua Municipal People's Government Zhejiang, China
The Japan Camellia Society mourns Pat's passing. Among various, remarkable services she has rendered to the camellia world, we, the members of the Japan Camellia Society, owe to her the brilliant success of the Miyazaki Congress in 1999. Her contribution, as well as her warm, friendly personality will be remembered. We also remember her commemorative plantings of camellias in Miyazaki and Kurume. May she rest in peace in the heavenly camellia garden. Ms. Toko Adachi - President of the Japan Camellia Society Tokyo 16 We mourn the loss of our true friend and camellia lover. My wife Jane and I have travelled with her and Ron on several occasions and have always enjoyed her sense of humour and loyalty. The camellia 'Takanini', which she planted in our garden, will always remind us of her brightness and vigour. Pat gave unstinted enthusiasm and energy to the International Camellia Society, solving many problems with her warmth, diplomacy and sincerity. Our Society has had many outstanding presidents but none more so than Pat. She will always be remembered with love and affection by those who had the privilege of knowing her and working with her. Ross Hayter Vice President Australia
On behalf of all ICS members of our region and with great sadness, we want to express our sincere condolences ... Our world has lost a truly international camellia enthusiast and great person and we have lost a dear friend we all will miss for many years to come. Peter Fischer Waldemar Max Hansen Directors Rolf Tiefenbach Membership Representative Germany/Austria Region
And so on ... and so on ... and so on ...
On a personal note: Pat was a gem - a one off. The more we worked with her, the more our admiration grew. Herb Short Editor
Pat Macdonald's last visit to Jinhua CiIY. 17 INTERNATIONAL CANIELLIA CONGRESS IN JINHUA, CHINA - MARCH 2003
2003 if: ..~ lE~$ 00 ~~~it:~i)( LE CONGRES INTERNATIONAL DU CAMELIA A JINHUA CITY EN CIDNE-MARS 2003 DER INTERNATIONALE KAMELIENKONGRESS INJINHUA CITY - MARZ 2003 ~~rfH;:~lt000~Y/~:t-*~-2 0 0 3~3Jj
Pre-Congress Tour - March 2 - 5 Congress - March 6 - 9 Post-Congress Tour - March 10 - 15
ICS Congress Schedule March 6 AM Attenc! ceremony of first day issue of special Camellia stamp. 8:30 - 18:00 Registration in Jinhua Hotel. 18:30 Welcome Dinner. March 7 AM Opening ceremony and technical reports. PM Visit the Cultural Park of Chinese Camellia and the 4th Camellia Exhibition of China, the National Exhibition of Paintings and Photography of Camellias. Enjoy the evening performance. March 8 AM Technical reports. PM Visit the Collection of International Camellia Species and the Plantation of Camellias. The session of ICS Directors in the evening. March 9 AM A bus trip to Yiwu to visit China Small Commodities Market and the flowers and plants market. PM Tour Shuanglong Cave and the Temple of Huang Daxian. Farewell dinner Cost of hotel, meals and transportation during the meeting - US$ 180.00 pip Conference fee (including gift and remembrance) - US$ 260.00 Total cost - US$ 440.00 pip Single supplement - US$ 72.00 pip
Organizer: International Camellia Society, China Flowers and Plants Association, Jinhua Municipal Government Operator: Executive Committee of the Conference of International Camellia Society, China Flowers and Plants Association (Camellia Branch), China Region of the International Camellia Society, The People's Government of Wucheng District Site: Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China. The city has a population of about 400,000. 18 Pre-Congress Tour - March 2 - 5 Shanghai - Suzhou - Qiandao Lake - Jinhua March 2 Mainly to visit the plantation of Eastern China Camellia Species in the Shanghai Longhua Arboretum. Tour Nanpu Bridge and view the development of the Pudong District. March 3 Bus trip to Suzhou. Tour the Humble Administrator's Garden and Zhouzhuang, a famous water town. March 4 Bus trip to Qiandao Lake. On the way, inspect the plantation of camellia species in Subtropical Forestry Research Institute in Fuyang. March 5 A boat cruise on Qiandao Lake, followed by bus trip to Lanxi for a visit to the Village of Zhuge's Family the Village 'of Orchid. Arrive in Jinhua.
Cost: US$ 240.00 pIp (minimum of 10 persons) Single supplement: US$ 90.00 pIp
Post-Congress Tour"":" March 10 - 15 Jinhua - Lishui - Wenzhou - Ningbo - Putuo - Shaoxing - Hangzhou March 10 Bus to Lishui. Inspect the ancient camellia trees in Wanxiang Park. After lunch in Lishui, bus trip to Wenzhou for Camellia Exhibition. March 11 Participate in Wenzhou Camellia Exhibition in the morning. Bus to Yandang Mountain. Tour Lingyan and Dalong Falls and view Ling Feng Peak. March 12 Bus trip to Ningbo. Tour Tiantong Temple and inspect the Nursery of Red Camellia. March 13 Bus to Putuo Mountain. Visit the old red camellia trees. Tour Fayu Temple, Huiji Temple and Puji Temple. March 14 Bus to Shaoxing. After a city tour, which includes a visit to the Orchid Garden, the bus travels to Hangzhou. March 15 Inspect Hangzhou Botanical Garden and the Flower Nursery. Boat cruise on West Lake. Farewell dinner. March 16 Departure.
Cost: US$ 495 pIp (minimum of 10 persons) Single supplement: US$ 180 pIp 19 Optional Tours
Tour A: Xian Luoyang Beijing Shanghai Day 1 Bus to Hangzhou for the flight to Xian. Day 2 A full day excursion to visit Banpo Neolithic Museum, Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses Museum and Huaqing Hot Spring. Day 3 Train to Luoyang. Tour Guanlin Temple. Day 4 Tour Longmen Grottos and Shaolin Temple, followed by flight to Beijing. Day 5 Spend the day touring the Great Wall, the Ming Tombs and Tiananmen Square. Day 6 Fly to Shanghai. City tour. Day 7 Departure
Quotation: US$ 736.00 pip (minimum ono persons) Single supplement: US$ 180.00
Tour B: Hangzhou - Kunming - Shanghai Day 1 Hangzhou to Kunming by air. Visit the World Horti-Expo Garden and the Golden Temple. Day 2 Full day excursion to the Stone Forest, followed by late flight to Lijiang. Day 3 Tour the Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, Ganzhi River, White Water River, Yufeng Temple and the Old Town. Day 4 Lijiang to Kunming by air. Day 5 Kunming to Shanghai by air. City tour.
Quotation: US$882.00 pip (minimum of 10 persons) Single supplement: US$150.00
China International Travel Service Jinhua is in charge of all the arrangements regarding the International Camellia Congress 2003 - Jinhua, the Pre- and Post Congress Tours, the Optional Tours and the hotel accommodations.
China International Travel Service Jinhua Tel: 86 - (0)579 - 2395558 Fax: 86 - (0)579 - 2394809 Contacts: Ms. Yang Hui, Mr. Zhen Yongzhong
Final program and booking form was sent to all members by mid-2002 20 INTERNATIONAL CAMELLIA CONGRESS IN LOCARNO, SWITZERLAND - MARCH 2005 2005 4:00 ~j~{t~i~~tEJffif±B9~JJ1!l*i17f \. CONGRES INTERNATIONAL DU CAMELIA EN SUISSE A LOCARNO EN MARS 2003 INTERNATIONALER KAMELIENKONGRESS IN LOCARNO IN DER SCHWEIZ MARZ2005 A--1 A • p:JJ /v.J (7)OO~Y.l",~*~- 2 0 0 5 ~ 3 A
Organizer: ICS Switzerland Region; Italian, German and Swiss Camellia Societies.
This is what we have in mind. With more than two years to go, some changes may occur. We will bring the information up-to~date in the next Journals. For the moment, we are looking forward to the Congress in Jinhua, China, and to the opportunity of meeting camellia friends there.
Mary Caroni Claudia Respini ICS Switzerland Region Director ICS Switzerland Membership Representative
Pre-Congress Tour - March 14-19 Congress - March 19-25 Post-Congress Tour - March 25-31
Pre-Congress Tour March 14 Arrival in Milan, Italy. The programme for the next two days will include visits to the gardens of villas in the Lucca area during two days. A short visit to Pisa followed by gardens in the Genova area during two days. March 19 Leave for Locarno with a stop at Orta S. Giulio for a visit to Villa Motta.
Congress March 19 Registration in the hotels in Locarno and welcome dinner. The next four days include presentation of Congress papers and visits to gardens in the Lake Maggiore area in Italy and Switzerland (Villa Anelli, Villa Taranto, Botanical Garden of the Brissago Islands, Borromeo Islands and some nurseries). March 24 Farewell dinner at the end of the day's programme.
Anyone wishing to present a paper at the Congress should contact Claudia Respini, Ente Turistico Lago Maggiore, Via Luini 3, 6600 Locamo. Tel: 41-917566138; Fax: 41-91 751 9070; E-mail: [email protected] 21
Post-Congress Tonr March 25 Transfer to Lugano Airport (or Zurich Airport) and flight to Dresden, Germany, where the ICS German Region will take over the organization of the programme for the days spent in Germany. In the Dresden area this will include visits to Pillnitz, Pirna-Zuschendorf, K6nigsbruck and Rosswein, and perhaps an evening at the Dresden Opera. March 27 After the last visits in the Dresden area, transfer by coach to Berlin for two nights~ March 28 A visit to the Botanical Garden in Berlin, possibly followed by a cultural evening of entertainment. March 29 Transfer by coach to Wingst, near Hamburg, and a visit to the garden of German Region Director Peter Fischer. This garden is, to date, the only garden in Europe included in the ICS Gardens of Excellence scheme. Possibly some evening entertainment; overnight stay in, or near, Hamburg. March 30 Fly from Hamburg toSamedan/St. Moritz in Switzerland. Continue by coach to Lake Como in Italy and visit to Villa Carlotta, Tremezzo. Stay overnight in Lugano, Switzerland. March 31 Possibly two visits to private gardens (to be confirmed later). Transfer to Milan airport or to Locarno. 22
Villa Anelli house and gardens. VILLA ANELLI CAMELLIAS ARE SAVED Dr. Andrea Corneo
LES CAMELIAS DE LA VILLA ANELLI SONT SAUVES DIE VILLA ANELLI KAMELIEN WERDEN GERETTET
We are very glad to inform you that the construction of the road. three-year battle to save the garden and The local administration was camellia collection of Villa Anelli has been determined to put the road through without won. There was a plan to construct a road any consideration of the botanical that would have cut the garden in two and importance of the garden. Our legal contest destroyed its original romantic design of with the mayor and municipality of the 19th century. Oggebbio was aided by many national and The garden, in Oggebbio on the coast of international organizations for the Lake Maggiore, was the vast camellia environment and wildlife. Our Jate collection of the late Dott. Ing. Antonio president, Pat Macdonald, and Swiss Sevesi, the founder and first president of director, Mary Caroni, wrote many letters the Italian Camellia Society. Many of the to the local administration and to the 380 old trees of different species and regional ancl national governments. cultivars would have been felled during Finally, after three years of our living in 23 fear, the Regional Government of the Science Museum, will develop Piemonte and the National Monument and experiments for breeding and trials for Fine Arts Office have decided to put a bond acclimatization of camellias, azaleas, on the property to protect it from rhododendrons and other acid-loving construction of the road or any other plants at Villa Anelli. project. Now, the project is to take a census of The regional authority in charge of all the plants and make a detailed map of national parks and botanical gardens has their location for visitors. We are also included the garden of Villa Anelli in the assessing the difficulties of access and official list of gardens of interest for its safety on the paths for large groups in order botanical heritage. In the garden are many to make visits easier. Through these efforts, species that are not endemic, but that have we hope to enable Villa Anelli to become acclimatized and are growing well. In an ICS Camellia Garden of Excellence. addition to camellias, this includes mostly We are happy that, along with the ICS, evergreens such as Ligustrum lucidum, we can protect the garden and the memory Trachycarpus fortunei, Aucuba japonica, of Antonio Sevesi and his hard work. We Hydrangea macrophylla, and Cinna wish to thank everyone who helped us in monum camphora. our battle with the local authorities and we Seedlings grow under the fertile await your visits in future springs when the specimens of winter- and spring-blooming garden will be open to the public during the camellias. But the garden does not have camellia flowering season. sufficient space for most of them, so over Dr.Andrea Corneo is ICS Director for the years, only a few of the seedlings have Italy. He and Dr. Dora Remotti of Turin been kept, selected for their unusual and University have reported on their studies of beautiful flowers. old camellias in the Lake Maggiore area in In the future, the regional government, the 2000 and 2001 Journals. along with the Agricultural University and Camellias of Villa Anelli Japonicas Baron de Vriere Conte di Cavour Adelina Patti Bella Lambertii Conte G.P. Cicogna Adolphe Audusson Bella Romana Corallina Aki-no-yama Berenice Boddy Covina Alba Plena Betty Sheffield Supreme Daikagura Albino Botti Biho Daintrie Sievers Alessandra Anelli Blood of China Dainty Maiden Alexander Hunter Bob Hope Daviesi Althaeiflora Bokuhan Debutante Anemonaeflora Boutonniere Desire Angela Cocchi C.H. Hovey Dixie Knight Supreme Apple Blossom C.M. Hovey Dona Herzilia de Freitas Asahi-odemari C.M. Wilson Magalhaes Augusto Leal de Gouveia Camilla Hebert Donckelaeri Pinto Carolina Franzini Doutor Balthazar de Mello Australis Caryophylliflora Major Dr. Tinsley Ave Maria Chandleri Drama Girl Azuma-nishiki (Higo) Clark Hubbs Easter Morn 24 El Matador Kujaku-tsubaki Pomponia Semiplena Elegans Kujanu Preston Rose Elegans Champagne Kumagai (Higo) Prince Troubetzkoy -, Elegans Splendor L'Avvenire Principessa Baciocchi Elisabetta Herbert Lady Clare (Akashigata) Prof. Filippo Parlatore Erminia Sevesi Lady Hume's Blush Purple Dawn (Julia Drayton) \ Fimbriata (Incarnata) R.L. Wheeler ": Formosa de Young Lallarook (Lalla Rookh) Red Ensign ~, Francesco Ferruccio Laurie Bray Reiho (Higo) , Francofurtensis Lavinia Maggi Reikanji-ezo-nishiki ~ Frans Van Damme Lavinia Maggi Alba Reine des Beautes Fred Sander Lavinia Maggi Rosea Roma Risorta \ Funny Face Betty Leeana Superba Rubescens Major ..:.; Gerneral Colletti Little Slam Sacco. General Dwight Eisenhower Lotus Sakuragari (Higo) Giardino Santarelli Madame Pepin San Dimas Gigantea Madge Miller Santa Maria del Fiore Giovanna Barbara Magnolia Sazanarni Giulio Nuccio Man Size Seiryuji Giuseppina Mercatelli Marchesa Margherita Serra Seki-no-yume (rusticana) Giuseppina Mercatelli Marchesa Teresa d' Ambra Shimamukasaka (Lucca) Margaret Davis Shintsukasa (Higo) \- Grace Albritton Margherita Coleoni Shiroya'e-kingyo-tsubaki \ Gran Sultano (Grand Sultan) Maria Antonietta Snowman Grand Prix Maria Bagnasco Souvenir de Bahuaud-Litou Great Eastern Marie Bracey Spring Deb Grandiflora Alba Marmorata Stalin Guthriana Mathotiana Stella di Compito Gwenneth Morey Mathotiana Alba Stella Polare Hagoromo Mathotiana Rosea Suzuka-no-seki Hanafuki Merrillees Taro'an .., Hanaguruma Miss Charleston Tashiro (rusticana) Higurashi Miyakodori Te Deum Hime-no-yodo Momijigari (Higo) Tenshi Hiodoshi (Higo) Moonlight Bay Tiffany Holly Bright Moshio Tosa-uraku Humilis Mrs. Charles Cobb Tricolor Ida Borrini Mrs. D.W Davis Tricolor Fiorentina 11 Gioiello Mrs. H. Boyce Triomphe de Mayence 11 Tramonto Nanbanko Triphosa Imperator Nobilissima Valmadrera Izumi (rusticana) Nuccio's Gem Valtevareda Judge WT. Ragland Nuccio's Pearl Variegata Plena Kallista Oki-no-nami Vergine di Collebeato Kirin-no-homare (rusticana) Oscar Borrini Vema Halbert Konronkoku Otome Ville de Nantes Koshi-no-hime (rusticana) Paolina Maggi Virginia Franco Kramer's Supreme Pat La Motte Jones Vittorio Emanuele II 25 Vittorio Emanuele II Sport Charlean Presidente Antonio Sevesi Yukimiguruma Citation Rosea Zakuro-ishi (rusticana) Debbie Sakura zukuyo Donation Shishi Gashira Reticulata E.G. Waterhouse Showa-no-Sakae Buddha Hiraethlyn Sparkling Burgundy Captain Rawes J.C. Williams Totenko Crimson Robe Night Rider (japonica) Weroona Lion Head (Shizitou) Rose Parade Yuletide Mary Williams St. Ewe Mouchang Species Moutancha Other Hybrids C. amplexicaulis Purple Gown Egao (x vernalis) C. assimilis Red Emperor Cornish Snow C.caudata Tali Queen (cuspidata x saluenensis) C.chrysantha Wild Form (also see species) Fragrant Pink C.crapnelliana Reticulata Hybrids (rusticana x lutchuensis) C.cuspidata Aztec (japonica) Kogane-Yuri C.euphlebia Black Lace (x williamsii) (japonica x nitidissima) C.fraterna Caerhays (pitardii) C.yuhsienensis x C.hiemalis C.granthamiana China Lady (granthamiana) C.hongkongensis Dr. Clifford Parks (japonica) Sasanquas C.japonica var. macrocarpa Forty-Niner (japonica) Agnes O. Solomon C.japonica var. simplex Francie L. (saluenensis) Beatrice Emily C.kissii Howard Asper (japonica) Bonanza C.lanceolata Inspiration (saluenensis) Cleopatra C.lutchuensis Lasca Beauty (japonica) Cleopatra White C.maliflora Leonard Messel Gin-no-zai C.oleifera (x williamsii) Hime Botan C.pitardii Otto Hopfer (japonica) Hinode-gumo C. reticulata Rob Roy (x williamsii) Hiryu C.salicifolia Valentine Day (japonica) Jean May C.saluenensis Valley Knudsen (saluenensis) Jennifer Susan C.sinensis var. assamica White Retic (japonica) Kamakura Shibori C.sinensis var. sinensis Kanjiro C. taliensis WiUiamsii Hybrids Maiden's Blush C. transnokoensis Anticipation Mine-no-Juki C.tsaii Bowen Bryant Narumigata C.yuhsienensis C.P. Coates Navajo Carl Tourje Plantation Pink 26 TO VIETNAM AND BACK Waldemar Max Hansen
ALLER-RETOUR POUR LE VIETNAM NACH VIETNAM UND ZURUCK
Since seeing yellow .camellias while they had become motorised and they attending the 1994 International carried up to four people! \ Symposium on Camellia Chrysantha in Because of the long dry season, Nanning, China, and then hearing the everything was coated in a thick layer of report about yellow camellias in Vietnam. dust. given by Jean-Claude Rosmann at the 1997 The Win Hotel, where we stayed, was in International Camellia Congress in New the centre of the old town, close to Hoan Zealand, I had had a strong desire to visit Kiem lake. Peter Fischer, the other German Vietnam. And suddenly, last year, there director, his wife, Ingrid, and other was an invitation from Dr. Tran Ninh of members of the German contingent had , Hanoi University of Science to attend the arrived at the hotel earlier and we all went ~ first National Symposium on the Yellow to dinner at a restaurant by the lake. It Camellias of Vietnam at Tam Dao National certainly catered to tourists, but was no Park, near Hanoi, on 8-10 January. tourist trap. An excellent seven-course On the flight from Stuttgart via Paris meal cost less than US$lO. Wine was and Bangkok to Hanoi, I was joined in expensive, so we drank the good, Paris by ICS Vice-President Pat Short, inexpensive local beer. Journal Editor Herb Short and Jon Fildew, All this and entertainment by musicians a member from Devon, England. When we dressed in Vietnamese costumes playing landed in Hanoi the following evening, the old Vietnamese instruments and music strict customs and immigration controls we except for "Oh! Susannah" for the had expected did not materialise and I was American tourists, "Click Go the Shears" quickly through to the exit. But where were for the Australians and an old German Jon and the Shorts? Ilooked and looked. nursery song that Ingrid remembered from What had happened? her childhood. There was hardly anybody in the main I was pleasantly surprised by the hotel hall of the airport when they finally turned rooms, they were friendly and had a clean up. Why so late? Their luggage had not separate bath.
arrived and there were forms that had to be The location was a good starting point \, filled out. for our sightseeing the next day. After We went by minibus taxi into Hanoi. breakfast, which was brought in by the The crowd of two-wheeled riders became hotel owners from a small restaurant across more dense by the minute and our driver· the street, we started our tour of discovery forced his way through by constantly through the old town. The first, most .'. honking his horn. The two-wheeled riders striking thing was the narrow houses, no longer pedalled as in Nanning in 1994, hardly 3- to 4-m (lO-13ft) wide, with
....:-: 27 fantastically charming balconies - a a small museum, housing the golden turtle definite French influence on the and the sword of the gods. architecture. The reason for such narrow [Editor's note: Pat and Herb Short did buildings is supposedly attributed to a tax not make these visits. Jon Fildew's bags levied on the width of houses. had arrived, but not theirs. So they visited We strolled through streets filled with the Air France office and were given market stalls. As in the Middle Ages back money to buy clothes. It was only after home, where streets were named after· the great searching and giggling that the different trades offering their services Vietnamese women at the clothing stalls in there, we found the same division applied the main market were able to find anything here. Namely the shoemakers' district, the large enough to fit a Westerner's frame and joiner and carpenter alleys, the streets suitable for hiking in the rain forest. But it where smiths plied their trade, the streets was finally done and the Shorts were able with textiles, flowers, household goods to hike with the main group the following and, of course, motorbike seats. day rather than having to stay down wind.] In the evening, we visited a water puppet theatre. The program consisted of ToTamDao scenes from daily life and old myths. That afternoon Prof. Dr. Tran Ninh Actors, standing in water behind a curtain, came to the hotel with a bus load of others made their puppets dance and jump while - from France, Italy, Switzerland and the performing the stories. It was great fun. USA - on their way to Tam Dao National The next morning we had some time to Park, about 75 km (45 mi) northwest of continue our stroll through town. We first Hanoi. On our way we passed through went to Hoan Kiem lake (Lake of the areas being intensively farmed - mainly Returned Sword). We had seen the legend rice paddies, but also fields with peanuts, performed in the puppet theatre the sweet potato, taro, maize (corn) and previous evening. The legend says that in vegetables. Our destination was a good the middle of the 15th century, Emperor Ky 900-m (3,000-ft) high: the village of Tam Thay To received a sword from heaven so Dao, which was founded in 1907 by the that he could drive the Chinese from French to escape the summer heat in the Vietnam. While on a boat trip, following a capital Hanoi. For instance, the average successful battle, he came across a huge temperature in January is about lOC (50F) golden turtle swimming on the surface of compared with 20C (68F) in Hanoi, the water. The turtle snatched the sword although it was a warmer January when we from him and dived into the depths of the were there. One can only imagine how lake to return the sword to its godly much cooler Tam Dao would be in the owners. The turtle temple is situated on a summer when temperatures can easily small island in the centre of the lake. reach 38C (lOOF) in Hanoi. At the northern part of the lake lies Tam means three and Dao means island, Ngoc Son Temple (Jade Mountain Temple). ergo Three Islands, because the view from The temple is dedicated to the scientist Van the village is dominated b)' three conical Xuon, General Tran Hung Dao and Lan To, mountains with peaks more than 1,400 m patron saint of doctors. The temple is (4,600 ft) high that protrude through a sea reached by a red painted bridge (the Bridge of mist often covering the surrounding rain of the Rising Sun). The temple seems like forest. 28
At the Tam Dao Sympoium (lOp).
Camellia tamdaaensis (left). Camellia petelalli (below left). The three islands from the trail (below right).
.....c:a.. ' -----...... ' ~ . , , ...•.'"'" 29
We joined the large Japanese group, slopes between the trees. The yellow which had arrived at the hotel earlier, for C.crassiphylla and red C.rubraflora, both dinner, then settled into our spacious, high discovered by Tran Ninh and Naotoshi ceilinged rooms for a good night's sleep as Hakoda (1998 Journal, p.76-79), were the evening mist rolled in. The next found in different locations. And a small morning, after the mist lifted, we hiked out cemetery was surrounded by a hedge of into Tam Dao National Park to search for C.sinensis val'. assamica. On the slopes camellias. The weather was good and we around Tam Dao there are tea and climbed narrow, rough paths into the bush. pineapple plantations, and vineyards. To our right was a mountain slope and to our left a steep drop into the valley. Ahead The Camellia Nursery and to the left the Three Islands rose high The next day we continued with the above the valley. Unfortunately for good visiting program. But it was the valley, not photo-taking, the mist never quite cleared the slopes, we visited. At the foot of the around them. mountains there is intensive farming of I was fascinated by the myriad plant rice, peanuts, sweet potato, taro, potato, growth to the left and right of the path. pineapple, vegetables and maize for animal Above all, I was taken by the diversity of fodder. When the road was no longer ferns - in fact so much so, that I did not suitable for the bus we went on foot to a notice a thick branch, which protruded into camellia nursery, where in a large area only the path, and ran straight into it with my C.amplexicaulis stood. All were over 2-m head. And occasionally, we all struggled (6-ft) high. The flowering had just started across rocky stream beds, fortunately dry and the trees were covered in beautiful at this time of year. buds and blooms of deep red edged with After several kilometers, we found silver, as if each bloom had been gently ourselves in heavy shrubs and trees and dipped into sugar. We were able to saw the occasional camellia so longed for. purchase scions and seeds from the There were not many and our guides owners, who would soon sell their plants scrambled up into the trees to bring some and flower sprays for the coming Tet New down for inspection and photographing: Year celebrations. the bright yellow C.petelotti, the small After leaving the nursery, we saw at one white C.caudata and C.furfurcea, and the farm how the Vietnamese put their light tiny white C.pubicosta. motorcycles to work. Not only were three We went back to the hotel for lunch. live pigs - each weighing about 75 kg The food was very similar to that in (165 lbs) and carefully roped with their Guangxi, southern China. Naturally, rice legs up in the air - fastened one to each was on offer for the very hungry, but the side and one across the rear of the seat, but choice of vegetable, fish and meat was so the driver and his helper got onto the bike plentiful that I did not need any rice. and sped off. I'd love to see what our [Editor's note: The Shorts were happy German police would say to that! and relieved because their luggage finally At our next destination, Den Thong, we arrived.] walked along a river past a 15th-century In the afternoon, we went by bus down temple. Sometimes crossing the river using the mountain so that we could admire large rocks as stepping stones, we further camellias growing on the steep gradually climbed the side of a mountain 30
Photographing at the nursery. Camellia amp/exicaltlis.
Camelliaf/OI'a.c-r------__ Guide climbing to gel C. jlava bloom. 31 through a beautiful landscape. At the lower To Cue Phuong levels of the climb, we could see some A four-and-a-half hour bus journey C.amplexicaulis growing wild along the from Tam Dao to Cuc Phuong National opposite side of the river bank. Park, about 100 km (60 mi) south of Hanoi, The day had become warm and the offered opportunities to see a lot of the route was taxing. At intervals along the country - fields planted with vegetables way, there were straw-covered huts where and many rice paddies, .including some drinks, sweets and a variety of products with unusual limestone rock formations. were sold. Long plank beds in back rooms Cuc Phuong National Park was were available for the odd snooze. At one officially opened in 1962 by Ho Chi Minh. hut, there was a small pool table, where Jon This subtropical rainforest, apart from an Fildew managed to beat the locals at their enormous number of plants and animals, is game. the homeland of Cjlava, the first yellow Even if we had not found camellias it camellia discovered by Pitard in 1910, and would still have been very beautiful here, C.cucphuongensis, both of which we were but those of us who reached a small temple able to admire in their natural habitat. As in after an exceedingly steep climb found so many parts of the world we could gaze C.tamdaoensis, a newly discovered small at a 1,000 year old giant tree (Terminalia yellow. myriocarpa). That camellia could not begin to match The park has a further sight worth the yellow camellia on display at the seeing and this is the rescue centre for lecture hall at Tam Dao National Park endangered primates. Currently about 85 Headquarters the following day. The gibbons and langurs are being cared for, blooms were about 8 cm (3 in) in diameter studied and kept for breeding. They stem and must be the largest of all the yellow mostly from catches of illegal hunters or camellias. Newly discovered and as yet dealers. The aim is to retain them and also unnamed, it was found on the far side of to reintroduce them into the wild. the third of the Three Islands - a journey That night at the hotel in the park, we of about three days from where we were. slept under mosquito netting. In the After inspection and photographing the morning, one group took another walk to a several sprays of this magnificent camellia, giant ancient tree and a few yellow we settled down to a series of lectures on camellias, while another trekked to where the camellias of Vietnam. Tran Ninh Cjlavawas in bloom. Several members of reported that 50 camellia species have been this latter group were attacked by leeches, found in Vietnam,where previously 35 had despite taking the precaution of tucking been recorded. A total of 11 species has trousers into boots or wearing leggings. been found in the Tam Dao Mountains. A It was then back to Hanoi to board the number of species were on display outside flight home. During my taxi ride to the the Tam Dao National Park Headquarters, airport, St. Peter gave me a send-off by including the endangered species way of a thunderstorm and lots of rain. C.gilbertii, which was not in bloom. The conference banquet was a buffet Waldemar Max Hansen is a director of with many culinary delicacies. The drink the Germany/Austria Region and lives in was Vietnamese "champagne", which Siissen, Germany. tasted like Greek retsina. I 32 I . The First National Symposium on Yellow Camellias of Vietnam
Opening remarks by Patricia Short, Vice-President, International Camellia Society
~m~~~OO*~.~W~~~W~~ LE PREMIER SYMPOSIUM NATIONAL SUR LES CAMELIAS AU VIETNAM DAS ERSTE NATIONALE SYMPOSIUM UBER GELBE KAMELIEN IN VIETNAM ijx~~A~~~~.-§.~.~~~~~-A
On behalf of the International Camellia When the ICS visits Jinhua City, China, Society, I am honored to be here. Mrs. Pat for the Congress next year, we will see
Macdonald, ICS president, sends her best . such a garden. It is now being planted with ,;;'; i wishes for a successful and enjoyable . all the camellia species growing in China, symposium. She recently had surgery, so and is designed to serve as a reference could not attend. I am sure you all will join collection and gene bank. me in sending her our wishes for a speedy If the Vietnamese government accepts recovery. this suggestion and decides to establish a Our two days' exploring the forests of species garden, the directors meeting at the Tam Dao have been wonderfuL It is ICS Congress next year will discuss how exciting to see the beautiful camellias the ICS - as a small organization with growing in their native habitat. It has also only 1,800 members worldwide - can been educational to learn how rare and help to support the work. precious they are. We hope people from Vietnam will In fact, today we urge the Vietnamese attend the Congress in Jinhua City. They government, with the guidance of experts will receive a warm welcome. They will at Hanoi University and Tam Dao National see that there is always much to plan for Park, to establish a national species garden these Congresses. Delegates to this First that includes all the camellia species National Yellow Camellia Symposium growing in Vietnam. This could be an would surely be pleased to return to excellent tourist attraction, a pleasure for Vietnam for a Congress in the future. visitors to see. More importantly, however, For today, however, my own best wishes the garden could serve as a reference for a good symposium. Thank you. collection and gene bank to propagate the .." species, many of which are in danger. The symposium was held at the Tam With the continued economic Dao National Park on 8-10 January 2002. development of Vietnam, camellia species It was organized by the Basic Research growing in the wild will be under Programme in Natural Science (Ministry of increasing pressure. Already some Viet Science, Technology and Environment), namese camellia species are endangered, and the Tam Dao National Park. It was so it is important to conserve and re-build sponsored by the National Basiq Research populations of these rare plants. It is Programme in Natural Science, the Tam important to act now to ensure that these Dao National Park and the Japanese species are not lost forever. Once they are Camellia Society. gone, they are gone forever. 33 IDENTIFYING BELGIUM'S ROYAL CAMELLIAS Herb Short
IDENTIFICATION DES CAMELIAS ROYAUX DE BELGIQUE IDENTIFIZIERUNG DER KONIGLICHEN KAIVIELIEN BELGIENS
;f>lv 1-- jJIv(/) '//{,':!t:r-...(/) rJ' 7 /' • ,/;:I:. '7 ~*(/)j{~
The group begins work in the cold. grey. early morning light.
A small group of ICS members and of the Royal Gardens. camellias experts has undertaken the However. sometime in the 1960s. a monumental task of trying to identify the former cultivator foreman removed and camellias in the Royal Glasshouses at destroyed the identifying number plates Laeken, on the grounds of the Belgian that were on the camellias. Some of the Royal Palace. camellias have since been identified, but [n 1956, Ralph S. Peer listed 314 identification is difficult because most of camellia varieties at the Royal Glasshouses the camellius have not been sold in an article in the American Camellia commercially for many years. Although Yearbook. Peer, a legendary camellia lover, Leopold [ is known to have been a lover of as well as country music publisher (200 I camellias - he had a camellia house built Joumal. p. 69-70) had visited Laeken in at Claremont, near London in 1824, before 1952 and 1956 and he had been given the he became King of the Belgians (1998 list by Mr. G. Bertrand. who was in charge Journal. p.50-57) - it was Leopold II, his 34 son, who really built the Laeken collection attention during his search for from 1875 onwards. 'Francofurtensis' and 'Teutonia' (2001 Belgium was at the center of the 19th Journal, p.43A4). century camellia world with many Marc de Coninck, Director of the new important nurseries, mainly in Ghent, Benelux Region, arranged for the visits of including those of Ambrose Verschaffelt the ICS working party with Paul Van Gorp, and Louis van Houtte. In fact, at one point Administrator of the Royal Laeken Estate. there were more than 260 camellia Two visits one of two days, the other of greenhouses in Ghent. Ghent camellias one day were made during the spring of were known for their quality and were 2002. Of a total of 302 camellias in pots shipped in great numbers throughout the and large containers, 169 were identified, world. some only tentatively. There were more \. However, by the time Leopold II began than one plant of a few varieties, so some expanding the collection at Laeken, the of the 314 varieties on the list given Peer camellia craze was coming to an end. As by Bertrand in 1956 appear to have been Shin'ichiro Kishikawa points out (see p. lost over the years. 59), Verschaffelt's "Nouvelle Icono Additional visits and study of graphie des Camellias" introduced 48 new photographs and descriptions will be varieties each year for 13 years until 1860. required to complete the work. And sadly, Then "L'Illustration Horticole" included some of the camellias at Laeken probably up to six new varieties a year until 1874, will remain unknown forever. when the number dropped to three. The working party: Andrea Corneo Camellia introductions in the annual books (Italy), Marc de Coninck (Belgium), Peter disappeared after 1885, and, eventually, Fischer (Germany), Waldemar Max many varieties disappeared from Hansen (Germany), Alfred Lemaitre Commerce. (France), Daniele Marcacci (Switzerland), \ Professor Klaus Peper, a former director Lucien Niel (France), Dora Remotti (Italy), of the Germany/Austria Region, called the Mayda Reynolds (Channel Islands), Pat plight of the Laeken camellias to our and Herb Short (UK).
.", 35 PORTUGUESE TEA GOES INTO SPACE Sandra Jorge, Maria do Ceu Costa and Lucelia Pombeiro
THE PORTUGAIS DANS L'ESPACE PORTUGIESISCHER TEE FLIEGT INS ALL
Among the samples to go on board the Research), is under the tutelage of the Space Shuttle Endeavor's Flight STS-I08 Ministry for the Science and the in December 200 I were the Portuguese tea Technology (Programa Ciencia Viva, plant, black tea and dried leaves of the tea Ministerio para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia). plant collected from Plantac;oes de Cha The experiments, developed in high Gorreana, the tea plantation on Sao Miguel schools and some national scientific island in the Archipelago of the Azores. It laboratories, are being conducted by is part of Portugal's participation in a US students under the supervision of National Aeronautics and Space Admin professors and scientists. istration educational project, the Space The two types of samples, black tea and Experiment Module Program. dried green leaves of tea plants from A group of young Portuguese students Gorreana plantation, are being analyzed by prepared the experiments to compare the high performance liquid chromatography polyphenol content of tea samples and mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The subjected to high doses of radiation and to analyses are being conducted at the microgravity on board the shuttle with Department of Technology of Chemical those that remained on earth. Industries (Departamento de Tecnologia de The project, called PULSAR (Portugal Industrias Qufmicas - DTIQ) at the Unified Learning Through Space & [nstitute of National Engineering and
The Gorreana Tea Plantation near the cliffs of Sao Miguel. 36 Industrial Technology (Instituto de En Chinese legend, the discovery of the use of genharia e Tecnologia Industrial - INETI, tea as a beverage, was made by Shen Nung, Portugal). 2737-2705 BC (Sealy, 1958). The results of the experiments Marco Polo and. his travel companion performed by the researchers will be given Ramusio made the first references in to the schools involved in the project and European literature to the tea plant when discussed with the students. The data will they described their journey through the be always accessible in the PULSAR web Orient in 1274-1292 (Amaral, 2001). The page. The experiments are still running and Portuguese missionary Frei Gaspar da we promise more news when they are Cruz also mentioned the tea plant in his concluded. reports "Tratado das Cousas da China" to King D. Sebastiao in 1570 (Ferrao, 1992). Disease Prevention Tea probably reached Europe through Although tea is mainly consumed as a· Portuguese and Dutch sailors in the 16th beverage, recent literature strongly century. The Dutch brought tea samples emphasizes its value in disease prevention from China for experimental work about and as a key component of daily diets 1610 and some tea was preserved in the (Mukhtar and Ahmad, 1999, 2000; medical collection at the University of Weisburger, 1997). According to those Leiden (Akveld, 2002). studies, people who drink tea on a daily It is believed that Portuguese Princess basis seem to have a lower risk of heart D. Catarina de Bragan~a, daughter of King disease, stroke, and several types of cancer D. Joao IV, introduced the habit of drinking than non-tea drinkers. tea in the British Royal Court when she ", Polyphenols are the major components married King Charles II of England, in of the leaves of the tea plant, comprising 1661 (Wild, 1994). By the 1700s, tea was about 30 percent of the dry matter. Among already a popular beverage in England and the polyphenols, flavanols or catechins, its colonies, and tea consumption still which are also found in fruits and retains its popularity throughout the British vegetables, are most abundant. These Commonwealth (Mitscher et ai., 1997). natural compounds are claimed to act as C.sinensis is known to have existed in antioxidants that help prevent diseases, Portugal at the beginning of the 19th including cancer and coronary heart century. D. Joao VI received a plant as a disease. The catechins are transformed by present from the Chinese Emperor when enzymatic oxidation during black tea the Portuguese King was in the exile in manufacturing into· more complex Brazil at the time of the French invasions. flavonoids (the theaflavins and From this Portuguese colony, the tea plant thearubigins) that are responsible for the was sent to Sao Miguel in the Azores and characteristic colour and flavour of tea to the mainland, (Ferrao, 1992). (Zeeb et al., 2000). Today is still possible to find some Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze, the evidence of these plants on the mainland, tea plant, is the most important species of although most of the plantations are the genus Camellia (Wachira et ai., 1995). abandoned or exist only· for . their The tea plant, which currently generates ornamental value. A considerable number billions of trading dollars worldwide, once of them are found in a place known as "The grew as a wild plant in China. According to Peak of Tea" (Alto do Cha) in the Natural 37 Park of Sintra (Parque da Pena, Sintra, Mukhtar, H. and N. Ahmad. 1999. Cascais) and in some Botanical Gardens Green tea in chemoprevention of cancer. (Jardim Botanico da Faculdade de Ciencias Toxical. Sci. 52: I J 1-117. de Lisboa and Jardim de Garcia da Horta, Mukhtar. H. and N. Ahmad. 2000. Tea Lisbon). polyphenols - Prevention of cancer and The only cultivation of C.sinensis for optimizing health. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. commercial purposes in Portugal is on Sao 71: 1698S-1702S. Miguel. The temperate climate of the Sealy, J.R. 1958. A revision of the genus archipelago, allied with the fertility of the Camellia. The Royal Horticultural Society, soil, constitutes excellent conditions for London. cultivation of the plant. At one time. there Wachira. FN., R. Waugh, C.A. Haxkett. were more than a dozen plantations on Sao W. Powell. 1995. Detection of genetic Miguel. Now, Plantagoes de Cha Goneana diversity in tea (Camellia sinensis) using is the only plantation with a tea factory in RAPD markers. Genome 38:201-210. Europe. This is a family property whose Weisbllrger, J.H. 1997. Tea and health: a main goal is to produce tea of high quality historical perspective. Cancer Lett. and free of pesticides (Amaral, 200 I ancl 114:315-317. 2000 Journal, p.34-37). Wild, A. 1994. The East India Company Book of Tea. Harper Collins Publishers, Literature cited London. Akveld, L. and Jaccobs, E.M. 2002. The Zeeb, 0.1., Bryant C.N., Klaus A. and Colourful World of the VOC, Thoth Oalilige J.1. 2000. Separation and Publishers, Bussum. Identification of Twelve Catechins in Tea Amaral, J.D. 2001. 0 livro do chao Using Liquid Chromatography/Atmos Temas e Debates Lda, Lisbon. pheric Pressure Chemical Ionisation-Mass Ferrao, J.M. 1992. A Aventura das Spectrometry. AnaI.Chem.72, 5020-5026. Plantas e os Descobrimentos Portugueses. Inapa. Lisbon. Sandra Jorge is a PhD sludenl in Mitscher, L.A.. M. Jung, D. Shnakel, J Biology allhe Universil)' of Lisbon. Maria H. Dou, L. Steele and S.P. Pillai. 1997. do Chi Cosla and Lucilia Pombeiro are Chemoprotection: A review of the potential principal researchers al Ihe Nalional therapeutic antioxidant properties of green IrlSlilule of Engineering Clnd lnduslrial tea (Camellia sinensis) and certain of its Technology in Lishon. constituents. Med. Res. Rev. 17:327-365.
Sorting tea at Gorreana. 38
Pallbearers carry coft1n of Britain's Queen MOlher Popperfoto/Reuters/Kirsty Wigglesworth. to the Royal Chapel at Windsor.
FAREWELL TO A ROYAL CAMELLIA LOVER ~~~~~~~~OO-&~~~~~W~~~~ ADIEU A UNE AMOUREUSE DU CAMELIA ROYAL ABSCHIED VON EINER KONIGLICHEN KAMELlENLlEBHABERIN
When the coffin of Queen Elizabeth the 'Lavinia Maggi'. In London, the camellias Queen Mother was carried to the Royal gave way to roses and other flowers. Chapel of All Saints from the Royal Lodge The camellias were a fitting tribute to at Windsor, England, where she died, aged the Queen Mother. She loved camellias. 101, on 30 March, a bonquet of camellias There are many old camellia trees in rested on top of her Royal Standard. Windsor Great Park and it is probably no The camellias, japonicas 'Hagoroma' coincidence that the camellia plantings at and 'Lavinia Maggi', were from Windsor Buckingham Palace date from the J950s. Great Park. They were cut and arranged by For many years, the Queen Mother Tom Biddlecombe, head gardener at the attended the Royal Horticultural Society's Royal Lodge. Westminster tlower shows in London that Before the coffin was moved to London featured camellias. At one show, when she on 2 April, two days after Easter, the first stopped at the Trehane Nursery stand, bouquet had been replaced by another, all Jennifer Trehane said, "She was 39 wonderful. She remembered the camellias The Queen Mother's funeral was on 9 she had bought from us." April and the RHS Westminster flower Ian Webster, head gardener at the Duke show of 9-10 April, which would have of Devonshire's Chatsworth estate, recalls featured the main camellia competition, the many times the Queen Mother would was cancelled. request that camellias be sent to her from This article is reprinted from the UK the Duke's glasshouses. Region's Summer 2002 Newsletter
THERE WAS NO CAPTAIN CONNOR Herb Short il!J!~t:pm~:m1fHt.t«X1JtIa IL NTA PAS DE CAPITANE CONNOR ES GAB GAR KEINEN KAPITAN CONNOR Everyone who has studied camellia . been Captain Connor for all these years? history knows 1792 is the year that 'Alba It started with Samuel Curtis, who in Plena'and 'Variegata' were taken to 1819 published in London his "Monograph England from China by Captain Connor on on the Genus Camellia". It included a "List the British East India Company ship of all the Camellias at present known . . . Carnatie. 'Alba Plena', a formal double on the Authority of Mr. Lee, of white, and 'Variegata', a semi-double to Hammersmith, a very distinguished double red blotched with white, were the Cultivator of exotic Plants." First on the list West's first experience with camellia was "Camellia Japonica, Single Red, blooms other than a single, or semi-double introduced by Lord Petre, in 1739." Second red. However, for almost 200 years, the on the list was "Camellia Japonica flore camellia world has been giving credit to a pleno alba, Double White, brought to man who never was. England by Captain Connor, in 1792, for A visit this year to an exhibition on the the garden of the late J. Slater, Esq." This history of the East India Company at the was followed by "Camellia Japonica flore British Library in London led to an plena alba minor, introduced by Mr. James examination of company records. The East Lee, in 1816" and then 'Variegata', at the India Company's registry of officers from time called Double Striped, with the 1600 to 1834 fails to list a Captain Connor. citation of Captain Connor in 1792. .The Journal of the ship Carnatie for its In 1831, 'Variegata' and 'Alba Plena' China voyage of 22 November 1790 to 26 were cited as "having been imported, in July 1792 tells why: the ship was 1792, by Captain Connor, of the Camatic, commanded by Captain John Comer East Indiaman, for the late John Slater, not a Captain Connor. Esq. of the India House," in the book Then why, without exception, has it "Illustrations and Descriptions of The 40 Plants which compose the natural order Camelliee, and of the varieties of Camellia Japonica, Cultivated in the Gardens of Great Britain" by Alfred Chandler and William Beattie Booth. Curtis, Chandler and Booth were And how did Lee obtain his inforation respected names in the botanical world and about John Slater's plants and who brought were close in time to the actual event. Later them from China? [n those day, most writers can be forgiven for accepting not probably by word of mouth. Corner is a one, but two, sources that agree on the much less common English family name facts. Moreover, checking facts would than Connor. (Today's London telephone have proved formidable: The British directory has 15 listings for Corner Library required more than 20 years of compared with more than 170 for Connor.) effort to put into logical order the East And Comer can sound much like Connor India Company records of 4,563 voyages when pronounced in some local dialects, by 1,577 separate ships. And this was only particularly when the listener would be completed with the publication in 1999 of expecting to hear the more common name "Catalogue of East [ndia Company Ships' of Connor. Or perhaps if Lee obtained the Journals and Logs 1600-1834" by Anthony information in writing, a handwritten letter Farrington. HI''' can sometimes be mistaken for a letter But were Curtis, Chandler and Booth "n", thus turning Corner into Conner, actually close in time to the event') The which then, through carelessness, might Curtis publication came 27 years after, easily become Connor. Chandler and Booth 39 years after - both After 200 years, the record needs to be lengths of time that easily allow errors to set straight. Captain John Corner deserves creep in with the facts and make checking his place in camellia history. the accuracy of facts more difficult. For instance, John Slater, the receiver of 'Alba More for the Records Plena' and 'Variegata', had been dead for Lee did get Captain Welbank's name 20 years by the time Curtis published Lee's right - it is sometimes spelled Wellbank. list. The captain, who brought in 41 'Paeoniiflora','Lady Banks' (C.oleifera) Company exerclslllg a right of approval and 'Welbankiana', spelled his name Robt. over the former." [Robert] Welbank with a flourish in the Thus, Gilbert Slater, brother of John, Journals of the East India Company's was principal owner of Captain Corner's Cuffnells. Carnatie. Sir Robert Preston, who brought The Cuffnells Journals also settle the in 'Rubra Plena' in 1794, was principal date of introduction of 'Paeoniiflora'. owner of nine ships over the years 1781 William Townsend Aiton of the Royal through 1803; however, none of them made Gardens, Kew, lists it in Hortus Kewensis China trips that fit the 1794 date. Sir in 1812, Lee in Curtis lists it as "about Abraham Hume, known for bringing in 1812" and John Tooby in the 1981 Journal 'Incarnata' or 'Lady Hume's Blush' in (p.32-36) as 1810. The Cuffnells second 1806, was principal owner of Hope, which voyage under Welbank left Portsmouth, arrived back from China in September England, for China on 24 February 1809 1806 under Captain James Pendergrass. and did not begin its return from China Charles Hampton Turner was principal until February 1811. The next voyage left owner of Harriet, which only sailed in the Portsmouth 1 March 1812 and arrived back India trade, but was brought several on 7 June 1813. This would probably put camellias for his Rooksnest Park home in 'Paeoniiflora's arrival in England as Surrey by Welbank on the Cuffnells. sometime in mid 1811. Captain Richard Rawes commanded the As might be expected, many of the early Warren Hastings, (one of five ships of that camellia introductions were made by name) from 1814 through 1826 and owners, or part-owners of the ships. brought back numerous camellias, Farrington's 1999 Catalogue states that including the famous C.retieulata 'Captain "ships sailing the world as East Indiamen Rawes', for his brother-in-law Thomas did not actually belong to the Company. Carey Palmer of Bromley, near London. Ships were built to agreed specifications by The East India Company records show that groups of managing owners on the Rawes was born in Bromley. understanding that they would be hired by The records also show that the principal the Company . . . Shares in ships were owner of the Warren Hastings was William usually held as sixteenths, to minimize risk Sims, who appears to have had no interest ... The owners' responsibilities included in camellias, despite the camellia craze at providing the officers and crew, the that time. t 42 J THE VAN-ZELLER FAMILY AND ITS l CONTRIBUTION TO THE CAMELLIAS OF PORTUGAL Joana Andresen Guedes \ LA FAMILLE VAN ZELLER ET SA CONTRIBUTION AUX CAMELIAS DU PORTUGAL DIE VAN ZELLER FAMILIE UND IHRE BEITRAGE ZU DEN KAMELIEN PORTUGALS ~Iv l' jJIv(J) 'Y /~ ~.r-.. (J) tJ' 7 ~ • 'Y:x.::7 - ~(J) Jtr'tt If you wish to discover a well-kept businessman. secret the next time you are in Porto, come His grandson, Pedro Van-Zeller, became to the Quinta de Santo Inacio in nearby owner of Quinta de Santo Imicio de Fifies Avintes and stroll through the gardens with (commonly referred to as Quinta de Fiaes), their old camellias. In June last year, the which he used as his summer residence, on gardens, nursery, small garden center, the left bank of the Douro river in 1773. He restaurant and the manor house were and his sons soon developed an interest in opened to the pUblic. A zoo was opened the horticulture in general. They had very previous year. close business links with England, and the The Quinta de Santo Imicio belongs to first records of camellia imports to Quinta da Aveleda, S.A., a family wine Portugal relate to a Mr. Van-Zeller, who business in Portugal. About four years ago, ordered some camellias from a London the project was started by my husband, nursery in Mile End. This Mr. Van-Zeller Roberto Guedes, one of the owners of the could be either Luis (who had no children) Quinta, to restore the estate that has or his younger brother Francisco, the belonged to his family for more than 250 owners of Quinta de Fiaes at that time. years and to safeguard a beautiful heritage. [Editor's note: The nursery in Mile End My husband's father was Roberto Van would have been that of James Gordon, Zeller Guedes. In 1882, Jose Marques who had been the gardener of Lord Petre at Loureiro wrote in issue No. 13 of his Jornal Thorndon Hall, where the first live de Horticultura Pratica, in an article called camellia of record in the West, the "The Camellia", that, "The first camellias "Chinese Rose", was growing in a that came to Oporto in 1800 to 1810 were hothouse, probably before 1739. Gordon ordered by Mr. Van-Zeller and other well opened a nursery at Mile End, now a part known amateurs, some of whom then of London, in 1742. A catalogue that can be occupied high positions in the Custom dated between 1771 and 1775 includes House of Oporto" (1962 Journal, p.24-28). "Double Scarlet Chinese Rose" and one One branch of the Van Zellers, a dated 1791-1795 includes "Camellia Catholic family of Dutch origin, settled in Japonica Evergreen Japanese Rose" (1981 Porto because of religious persecutions Journal, p.32-36). So it is possible that the during the Counter-Reformation. Arnold first camellias came to Mr. Van-Zeller a Van Zeller came to Porto in 1730 and soon few years before 1800. Mrs. Guedes says, established himself as a prominent "That is a difficult subject - in the 43 From Christiano Van-Zeller's 1879 list. gardens of Quinta da Aveleda there is an members of the Van-Zeller family: 'Carlos ancient (how ancient?) camellia with a Van-Zeller', 'Christiano Van-Zeller', trunk of 0.8 meters (31.5 in) in diameter. 'Dona Carlota de Barros Van-Zeller', The foliage is only about 12 meters wide 'Dona Maria Helena Van-Zeller', because it has been pruned quite often."] 'Fernando Van-Zeller' and 'Roberto Van Francisco's son, Roberto, was a great Zeller', plus 13 other varieties originated at camellia enthusiast, and many of the first Fiaes. These varieties are also listed in the camellia seedlings originated in Portugal "[nternarional Camellia Register". came from Fiaes, according to Loureiro. It Unfortunately, they have not been is enough to say that in Loureiro's identified at the Quinta, even though their catalogues from 1875 to 1892, the sections descriptions are in Loureiro's catalogues on camellias of Portuguese origin include and in the Register. no fewer than six camellias named after Loureiro wrote in issue No. 13 of his 44 The old camellia at Quinta da Aveleda. magazine: "The fjrst seeds of Camellias cooked by the greatly valued manager, Pomponia Alba, P. Rosea and variegata never failed to appear for dinner'" were grown in Oporto, and the first seed In 1892, A. d'Almeida wrote a lively varieties were obtained at Quinta de Fiaes, and enthusiastic article in Loureiro's owned by Mr. Van-Zeller.. Picturata magazine called "Fiaes, the Eden of plena portuensis was born at Quinta de Camellias". He starts with "Fiaes! Fiaes l Fiaes ..." One might as well say: Camellias' In 1879, in issue 10 of Jornal de Camellias!", comparing Quinta de Fiaes to HorticlIltlira Preitica, Camillo Aureliano Paradise and saying that it is as important tells us: "1 had a friend who has passed for horticulture as Paradise was for the away, for whom [ mourn every day. creation of the world. He then makes a list Seldom a week passed that he didn't come of 3S varieties imported or originated at to see me. He came into my garden as if it Fiaes, just a few of which he could identify, were his own; if he found me there hours and praises Roberto Van-Zeller and his role would pass in happy talks on agriculture in encouraging horticulture in so many and horticulture; if he didn't find me, when ways. Camellias grow freely everywhere in 1 returned [ would find my bushes covered his Quinta, D' Almeida says, and points out here and there with visiting cards on which the major role of Fiaes in the propagation 1 read: Roberto Van-Zeller. of camellias in Portugal. Seeds went to "What delightful days we spent with Loureiro's nurseries, and from there to him, my family and 1 together with other other nurseries or private gardens In relatives of mine on the property of Fiaes, Lisbon and elsewhere in Portugal, and to where the famous soup made with lard, Gal icia in northern Spain. 45 The list of "Camellias in the garden of granddaughter of Dona Jane Andresen, a Quinta dos Fiaes facing the vegetable friend of Alfredo Moreira da Silva. garden" reproduced on p.43, was drawn up Between 1897 and 1899, he planted by Christiano Van-Zeller in 1879. Some of camellias in the garden of Dona Jane them, such as the magnificient Andresen, now the Botanical Garden of 'Mathotiana', 'Comte de Gomer' and Porto. He also created a camellia called 'Prince Albert', are still there, but others 'Dona Jane Andresen'. This camellia is are hard to identify. listed incorrectly as 'Dona Jane Quinta de Fiaes is known nowadays as Andresson'in the "International Camellia Quinta de Santo Imicio. When the new Register", which lists 'Dona Jane project started, it was decided that the word Andresen' as an orthographic error. Fiaes sounds too nasal and is difficult to Alfredo Moreira da Silva's grandson wrote pronounce - even in Portuguese. the article "Historical Facts on the Camellias of Oporto" in the first Journal Joana Andresen Guedes is the in 1962. He spelledAndresen with a double s. CAMELLIAS ON THE ISLAND OF MADEIRA Alexander Haas CAMELIAS SUR VILE DE MADERE KAMELIEN AUF DER INSEL MADEIRA ~T-1 71i!h0) 'Y /"::f- There are only a few islands which truly hanging gardens - a paradise the whole deserve the name 'Flower Island'. The year round." This statement is printed in Portuguese island of Madeira is one of many travel brochures and I for one had no these floating gardens, which really does other information about Madeira than this earn this name. What grows on this before visiting for the first time. mountainous main island of the Madeira The transfer from the airport to the hotel Islands archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean was surprising. Everything was very steep 560 kilometers (350 miles) off the coast of and mountainous. All slopes had been Morocco is simply special. converted to small terraced fields by Four years ago I visited Madeira for the extremely arduous work. These were first time with my parents and since then I planted with bananas, sugar cane, oranges, have travelled to Madeira each year at the and other useful tropical plants, and from end of November/beginning of December. about 400 m (l,300 ft) above sea level, the I never tire of discovering the myriad of grapes for the famous fortified wine, flowers each year anew and enjoying them. Madeira, were growing. "The flower island of the Atlantic; the After half an hour's drive we reached 46 the islands' capital, Funchal. This lies manor houses situated on a slope that is around Funchal Bay like an ancient 450 to 600 m (1,500 - 2,000 ft) above sea amphitheatre. Large cruise ships from all level. This is where the international upper over the world anchor in the harbour. The crust of the 19th century loved to spend roads of Funchal are lined with trees and in their time. the gardens grow tropical plants like Given the cooler climate, camellias palms, frangipani, oleander and, at grow very well in Monte. Very beautiful Christmas time, poinsettias (Euphorbia specimens grow around the pilgrimage pulcherrima), which easily reach shrub church of Nossa Senhora do Monte. Two height. particularly large and old ones - an 'Alba I spent the first days getting Plena' and an 'Otome' - are always in acclimatised and exploring areas close by. good bloom in November. Karl IV, the last A visit to the very lively and colourful fruit emperor of the Danube monarchy, is buried and vegetable market, Funchal den here. He went into exile to Madeira after Mercado dos Lavradorest, was naturally World War 1. included. Many different types of fruit and Below the church is one of the most vegetables, as well as cut flowers and pot beautiful gardens of the island, Jardin do , \ plants, can be bought in the two-storey Monte Palace. Until 1897, this was the seat building enclosed by a huge atrium. of the English consul, Charles Murray. The The flower sellers wear the colourful, manor house was converted into a small traditional dresses of the island. During the white castle and, until 1943, was a luxury winter months they sell bunches of hotel. The estate was subsequently bought camellias and small camellias in pots. by a credit company and sold to the First of all, I visited the Botanical Bevardo foundation at the end of the Garden of Funchal, which is 350 m (1,150 1980s. The foundation transformed the ft) above sea level. Here the terrain also neglected park into a jewel. had been levelled by means of terraces. This beautiful situation is further The terraces around the mansion are enhanced by a V-shaped valley that opens planted with tropical trees and flowers. A out to give a spectacular view onto the Bay collection of orchids, bird of paradise, and of Funchal. In the shade of the primary tree bougainvillea is worth mentioning. On the population grows one of the largest cycas lower terraces a large collection of useful collections. Tree ferns and white azaleas rich tropical plants, including numerous orange with fragrance grow rampantly everywhere and lemon trees, can be found. The bottom in the park. The park houses a large collection terraces are home to a myriad of birds, in of tile friezes documenting the entire particular parrots, which are kept in Portuguese history from the 13th century aviaries. A few camellias, some of which onwards. Below the manor house are ponds are very old, can be found in this garden. with Koi carp and a large orchid nursery. These plants are in extremely bad Alas, this fantastic park is home to only condition, a result of the tropical climate. about 30 camellias, some of which are very After a few days I explored Monte. This old and very large. The plants are not place, with a slight air of enchantment, lies labelled and one can only guess what types 8 kIn (5 mi) north of Funchal. Although they may be. Monte actually means mountain, this One ofthe most beautiful gardens of the suburb above Funchal is made up of grand island is Blandy's Garden.The park, so to 47 speak, is a flowering visiting card. This sent to Madeira to thwart any invasion huge estate, east of Funchal and 500 m attempt by Napoleon's forces. He returned (1,640 ft) above sea level, began as Quinta and settled on the island in 18 I I do Palheiro Ferreiro (the manor of the establishing himself in the burgeoning straw-covered smithy's cottage) and its wine trade." owner, Count de Carvalhal, planted many Mrs. Mildred Blandy was a life member camellias from the early 1800s until 1885, of the res. Mr. and Mrs. Adam Blandy are when it was purchased by lB. Blandy, the present members of the Society, living at famous Madeira wine producer. The Quinta do Palheiro.] following generations of Blandys enlarged Blandy's Garden, with its large, short the garden and still keep it up to the present mown lawns and easily visible layout, is an today. For camellia lovers, it is a feast for English-style park. The formal garden the eyes. areas contain sections with names Iike [Editor's note: The label of Blandy's 10 "Lady's Garden" and "The Long Border". years old "Rich Malmsey" Madeira states: Near to the manor house there is a sunken "In 1807, john Blandy was posted to the garden, which, with its many colourful island as part of the British Army garrison flowers, is an absolute feast for the eyes. Camellia grallthamiat/a (left) and probably Camellia saluenensis Plants and trees from all over the world (Lirodendron tulipaflora), a large grow happily in this garden and evergreen oak, rhododendron, and demonstrate this by the profuse flowering camellias as large as trees. of proteas, Magnolia grandiflora, The park offers a viewing point, the strelitzia, agapanthus, mimosas and many Miradoura dos Inglese (the English more. Viewing Point). From here one has a The most impressive are the camellias, fantastic view, on a clear day, across the which have been planted either as avenues entire valley from Machico to the or as a hedge. A large number of the promontory of Punta de Sao Lourenco. japonicas are older than 180 years and thus In the north of the island and in the stem from the beginning of the 19th centre one can find old and· very large century. Many reticulatas and sasanquas camellias of astonishing number. The same can also be found in the gardens. The goes for Santa, a village in the rain-rich gardens sport the rare C.granthamiana, north. Santa is well known for its old which has grown to a spectacular specimen houses. These old island dwellings have in this climate. only one room and the roof of these My most favourite garden area at picturesque houses extends down to the Blandy's is the mystical "Inferno", a plant ground and is covered in straw. The hell comprising camellias and tree ferns kitchen is outside of the house given the growing from a funnel-like valley. danger of fire. Some of the houses are still In places in the centre of the island inhabited, but there are fewer and fewer .~ camellias are frequent garden plants. In people who want to live in them. tumbled-down quintas around Camacha, Madeira has much more to offer than camellias can be found in overgrown camellias and gardens. The native flora is gardens. This is where the female market very beautiful and this can best be stallholders get their daily requirements of discovered on a Levada walk. The Levadas flowering camellia branches: Unfort are in'igation channels, which run from the unately the ladies harvest so timch from north to south of the island. Directly , these historic plants that it results in the adjacent to the Levadas are narrow foot I camellias being deformed. paths. These walks are simply lovely. One The camellias along the street of walks through laurel forests or along fields Camacha to Santo da Serra suffer the same and can watch farmers doing their work. .., fate. These camellias, large as trees, are This is pure unadulterated Madeira. also used to supply cut flowers. However, The best time to travel for the camellia due to heavy traffic and the steepness of blooming season is January to April. the slopes it is only the lower parts that can Flowering starts as early as the beginning be harvested. of December. The large camellias are old The town of Santo do Serra is situated varieties like 'Alba Plena', 'Imbricata', in the interior of the island on a green 'Albertii', and 'Elegans'. Our camellia plateau 700 m (2,300 ft) above sea level. experts should visit Madeira so that these Camellias grow very well in this historic camellias are recorded and I environment. In the public gardens of the classified. " Quinta Santo da Serra there is a large camellia avenue. The pink manor house is Alexander Haas is a member ofthe ICS hidden under a thicket of a large tulip tree living in Germany. 49 'ATROVIOLACEA': A CAMELLIA REDISCOVERED Gianmario Motta and Nicola Tartaglione (Atroviolacea) ~# "ATROVIOLACEA": REDECOUVERTE D'UN CAMELIA "ATROVIOLACEA", EINE WIEDER ENTDECKTE KAMELIE ry " p rJ -{ ::t"7 ~y J O).pJ~jt England and Naples are intertwining suggestions from Carlo III of Borbone, an elements in the history of camellias in extremely brilliant king, who conquered Europe. Near the end of the 18th century, the kingdom of Naples and eventually the Reggia of Caserta, the Versailles-like became King of Spain. It is based on a residence of the King of Naples, hosted downhill suite of waterfalls with the camellias planted outdoors for one of the informal English Garden in a corner. first times in Europe. The first plant. a The palace of the Dukes of Bovino, single red japonica, most probably came built in the late 18th century around a from England in the mid-1780s, making it medieval tower, is perfectly preserved and one of the oldest in Europe. shows the typical ingredients of the Only one kilometer away, in the garden aristocratic residence: a scenic staircase of the Dukes of Bovino, we have found a with sculptures and a suite of painted rare camellia variety, called 'Atroviolacea' by the local enthusiasts. We think this camellia and the garden are of historical value. The Dukes of Bovino, an old aristocratic family, had a close relationship with the King of Naples and with the English Lord and Lady Hamilton, who played an important role at the court of Naples. And we suppose that Camellia 'Atroviolacea', a peculiar flower of rose violet color, stems from an old English cultivar first mentioned in 1833. The history of the garden of the Dukes of Bovino is closely related to that of the garden of the Reggia of Caserta. The Reggia belongs to the series of royal residences that were built during the 18th century throughout Europe; in them the formal garden was integrated with an informal "English" garden, in which new plants were raised. The Reggia garden was designed by Luigi Vanvitelli in 1752, with 'Atroviolacea' above the hedges. 50 Table 1- Description "Atroviolacea" MORPHOLOGY I Flower ~ Form Peony to anemone Diameter cm 7,5-8 Deepness cm 2,5 Size Medium Petals Number 40 Form Elliptic to heart form Surface Plain Margin Linear Color Violet-rose, thin dark stripes, white irregular apical spots Petaloids Number 30-35 Layout ruffled center Remarks High percentage of variegated semidouble sports ,.:, I Leaf I Length cm 7 Widthcm 4. Form Shape Ovate Apex Acute Margin intensively dentate, 5 tips per cm PLANT OBSERVED Location Garden of Dukes of Bovino, Recale (Caserta) Size Trunk circumference ca 75 cm and diameter ca 25 cm Height ca 5.5 m '; Diameter of canopy ca 2-3m Plant shape Upright Flowering intensity Medium HISTORICAL AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Origin England -~ Year Before 1833 (year of the first quotation) Nursery Unknown Synonyms (from the 'Atroviolacea Rubra', 'Atroviolacea Plena', 'Atroviolacea Semi', Camellia Register 'Atropurpurea Nova'. plus other sources quoted here) Original description Colla, 1843, Camelliografia, p.88: "A semi-double cultivar,.9-lOcm (according to the across, of intense rose colour, marked with rare, white streaks. The Camellia Register) corolla of many petals, the outer disposed alternatively in 3-4 rows, regular, round-oval; those ofinterior, few, small, irregular, folded diversely". Further citations • Berlese gives several descriptions in the subsequent editions of his Monographie, after the one cited in the Camellia Register: .~ (1837, Monographie, Vol. 1: Flower large, regular, well formed, clear red and afterwards deep; petals of exterior rounded, acuminate; those of the center narrower, elongated, distorted and acute); however Berlese denies the flower could be considered 51 magenta or purple: "Seen in blossom by Cavalier Costa in March 1840. It is in several catalogues with this misleading name ["Atroviolacea"] , since no violet is in the flower." • Del Lungo and Girardi, "Le Camelie", Hoepli, Milano 1926, p.126: quotes two cultivars, with some resemblance to the description by Colla: o "Atropurpurea nova" [sic]. Flowers double, rosiform, irregular, with 4 to 5 inner petals that make a center ruffled and relevant; o "Atroviolacea": flowers large, rosiform, at the beginning bright red, then dark red, with rounded outer petals and narrow and elongated inner petals • Spinelli, I giardini segreti di Napoli fuori Ie mura (The secret gardens of Naplt TABLE 2 A COMPARISON OF DESCRIPTIONS Actual Plant Colla (] 843) BerJese (] 837) \ Flower shape Peony form Semi-double Almost double flower. Calyx with ovate-rounded scales, the lower rough, the upper half larger and almost membranaceous. Upper sepals much larger, ovate-elongated,whitish with a winged margin, almost transparent, reddish. Corolla with many petals, the outer alternated in 3-4 tiers, regular, ovate-rounded, almost complete; the inner smaller, irregular, diversely folded, all intense red, seldom with white spots. Few stamen, antheriferous. Styla almost abortive.' Flower-size 75-8 cm 9-10 cm 9-10 cm Flower color Rose-violet Intense rose, marked Intense red, seldom with white spots with rare, white streaks. I Leaves 7cm x 4 cm ------ Large leaves, largely ovate, moderately I acuminate (lenght cm. 9-10, width 6-7 cm), full green, loosely dentate, with I long adnobtuse dents Other Semidouble Outer [corolla Petals of exterior rounded, acuminate; characteristics and variegated petals] disposed al- those of the centre narrower, sports; the ternative1y in 3-4 elongated, distorted and acute flower darkens rows, regular, round- as it matures oval; those of interior, few, small, irregular, folded diversely. controversial issue. Since violet is an different from the 'Atroviolacea' found in unusual color, it is possible that different the garden of the Dukes that it seems to cultivars were, independently, given the rule out the possibility that two can be name 'Atroviolacea', in Latin, "dark considered the same. violet". The first Register listing of ~, The descriptions in the "International 'Atroviolacea', by Richard Coutrois, dates Camellia Register" (p.139-140) look back to 1833, but gives no description. The heterogeneous and list 'Atroviolacea second, by Luigi Colla in 1843, says it 1 Rubra', . 'Atroviolacea Plena', 'Atrovio originated in England from seed of 'Rubra lacea Semi' and 'Atropurpurea Nova' as Simplex' and the description loosely meets synonyms. that of the actual plant in the garden of the Moreover, the description and Dukes of Bovino. In 1837, Berlese illustration of 'Atropurpurea Nova' in described a different flower with the same ..., r "Iconographie du Genre Camellia", Vol. name and gives the color as "clear red and -,r III, pI. 206, by L' Abbe Berlese, are so afterwards deep". Later he said: "Seen in 53 All oflhese flowers are 'Arroviolacea'. blossom by Cavalier Costa in March 1840. Conversely, we have found descriptions of It is in several catalogues with this 'AtrovioIacea' and 'Atropurpurea Nova' in misleading name, since no violet is in the an Italian handbook on camellias, "Le [lower." Camelie" by Del Lungo and Girardi, The Register also records a citation for published in 1926. 'Atroviolacea Rubra' in 1857 at the English Our conclusion is that, while the tree in Garden of Caserta, but we have not been the garden of the Dukes looks old, it does able to find evidence of it there. not look old enough to date it back to the We can suppose that a violet cultivar early 19th century. The closest description was regarded as a curiosity that may, or is the one by Colla, but, alas, no illustration may not, be found in catalogues. For can support our hypothesis. Therefore, we instance, there is no mention in a long list have to suppose the tree stems from some of cultivars in the 1847 edition of the plant imported from England to the Naples French almanac Le Bon Jardinier. area. 54 The Gardens in History eventually found a real masterpiece of nature and art, a beautiful young English Tn 1752, during the work on the garden lady about twenty, who lives with him. He of the Reggia of Caserta, the architect had made for her a costume of the Greek Luigi Vanvitelli was many times a dining fashion, that is peIfect for her. She lets her guest of the Father General of Jesuits (the hair loose, takes two shawls and presents a Palace of the Dukes of Bovino was then series of positions, attitudes, ancl gestures, inhabited by Jesuits). that on seeing her you would believe a In 1770-80, the Duchess of Bovino, dream. Actually you see, one after another, Anna Maria Suardo, was dame de those plastic postures that so many artists compagnie of Queen Maria Carolina, and have been studying to reproduce their in 1781 she obtained from Ferdinanda IV statues and paintings. Now she stands up, (son of Carlo Ill) the use of water from the now kneels, now sits, now lies down, now she takes a serious appearance, now melancholic, now ironic. now delirious, now of a penitent, now coquettish. now threatening, now sorrowful; and all this without interruption and rapidly.... The old gentleman holds the candle, and he abandons himself with all his soul to the contemplation of this spectacle". George Romney painted Emma as a Greek statue. Frederick Rebberg, a painter at service of the King of Prussia, made 12 drawings of "Attitudes", that were engraved by Tommaso Piroli in 1794. Emma was an enthusiast of flowers. A local tradition, transmitted by the Dukes to the Porfidia family (current owners of the Anna Maria Sum·do. Bovino garden) says that Emma had a Reggia for her garden. plantation of Mimosa pudica planted in In 1786, Emma Hart and her mother their garden. came to Naples with Lord Hamilton, the In 1786, John Graefer, on the English Ambassador. Emma, who soon recommendation of the British naturalist became Lady Hamilton, had great Sir Joseph Banks, was appointed gardener influence in the Court by promoting classic of Queen Maria Carolina. Sir William reminiscences and romantic sentiments. As Hamilton was the supervisor of the garden. we know from Goethe, Emma gave a In 1786 a camellia was planted in the peculiar show, called "Attitudes", in which English Garden of Caserta and it is still she played mythological characters for a alive, though it has lost the main trunk. small group at the royal court. Graefer's background was given by As Goethe described Emma and Lord John Tooby, a past president of the ICS, in Hamilton in his "Italianische Reise"; "Sir a 198 J ICS Congress paper "The Early Hamilton ... after so great a love for arts, Introductions of Camellias to England so intensive a love for fine arts, has from China", published in the 1981 55 Journal (p.32-36). The paper tells of James president of the ICS and International Gordon, who was gardener to Lord Petre at Registrar for the Genus Camellia, also Thorndon Hall in Essex, where the first discussed the Caserta camellia in his article . known camellia in England was grown in "The ancient camellias of Europe" in the the l730s and called the Chinese Rose. 1985 Journal (p. 80-82). He said, "When Gordon started his own nursery at Mile Gordon retired in 1775, his sons brought in End in London in 1742. John Graefer as a partner, so he would have Tooby then writes: "When Gordon been familiar with Camellias when he left retired in 1775, his sons brought in John in 1786 to take up the appointment as Graefer as a partner. Graefer must have left Gardener for the Queen of Naples' newly the business by 1781 when it became started English Garden at Caserta. This Gordon Dermer and Thompson. A was under the supervision of Sir William catalogue of theirs running to 154 pages, Hamilton, who, in the same year, took the which can be dated 1791-1795, includes beautiful painter's model Emma Hart to 'Camellia Japonica Evergreen Japanese Naples, where she soon became the second Rose' under both greenhouse and hothouse Lady Hamilton, eventually met Horatio plants. So if James Gordon grew any Nelson, and entered history as his 'poor double camellias they had been lost. Emma'." Graefer, like James Gordon, had a great [Editor's note: Emma met Nelson in reputation in his time and in 1786 we find Naples in 1798 when he was in command him appointed gardener for the Queen of of a squadron of English warships assisting Naples' new English garden at Caserta on the kingdom of Two Sicilies, seven years the recommendation of Sir Joseph Banks. before he was killed in the Battle of The English garden was under the general Trafalgar.] supervision of Sir William Hamilton and "It seems an obvious thing that, with both he and, to a lesser extent, Graefer these English horticulturalists in charge of corresponded with Banks. When in the English Garden they would ensure that England, Hamilton spent some time with the garden contained one of the very latest his nephew the Hon. Charles Greville, in plants - the Camellia. another keen naturalist and gardener. "Research by Dr Stelvio Coggiatti, Before moving to a larger house and horticultural author of Rome, indicates that garden at Paddington Green, Greville lived the Caserta Camellia was planted in 1784 in a small house in Edgware Row with a and came from England. As there was no housekeeper, Mrs. Hart and her young other source in Europe for Camellias at the daughter Emma. Greville treated Emma time, and due to the similarity of the three almost as an earlier 'My Fair Lady', seeing lots of Camellias, it seems 'logical to that she had lessons in singing and in music conclude that they were all supplied from and art appreciation. She became a England and probably from the Mile End favourite subject of the artist Romney who Nursery." painted her many times. Hamilton was Tom's reference to "the three lots" is of enchanted and when returning from leave the camellias at Caserta, Pillnitz Castle in 1786 he took both mother and daughter near Dresden in Germany, and Campo back to Naples where Emma soon became Bello near Porto in Portugal. The Pillnitz the second Lady Hamilton." camellia probably dates from 1775-1785, The late Thomas 1. Savige, a past while the Campo Bello camellia probably 56 " -; i .,; " ~ U Q) "'I ~ ...... l:::: ''-; O~ .S;;. .P=l0 t.H i 0 00 ..., Q) ~ ., Cl t.H \, 0 5 -; "'0 ., ~ i cj Q) ~ "\ t.H 0 Cd "1 ..., :;.., , I -; " ~ "'1 57 Legend for map on page 56. 1. Medieval Tower 11. Path of the sun unbrellas 2. Courtyard of the palace 12. Emma's Garden (Garden of Emma 3. Garden entrance Hamilton) according to local tradition 4. Kitchen garden 13. Waterduct tower (1781) 5. Stable 14. Round fish pond 6. First topiary garden 15. Buffet pool 7. Central path of the sun umbrellas 16. Rose garden 8. Second topiary 17. Lemon garden 9. Pavilion 18. Fountain of the sun umbrellas 10. Fish pond dates from 1800-1808 (see also p. 75). the 2002 catalogue of the Naples Camellia The Caserta planting date of 1784 given Show. by Coggiatti differs from the 1786 date usually given. In an article in the 1973 References: Journal (p.68-70), he said that "work on Anonymous, Le bon Jardinier, Almanach the landscape garden, where the camellia pour l'annee 1847, Paris, 2.e partie, p.165 is, was not started till 1782, when the 166. English Architect, Grefer [Graefer], Ascheri, Villa Porfidia, Gardenia, n. 213, arrived, called there by the eccentric Queen Jan 2002, p.ll0-119. of Naples." That is four years earlier than Berlese, L' Abbe, Monographie du genre the date given by John Tooby. However, Camellia, ed.l, 1837, Paris Tooby said that Graefer must have left the - Iconographie du genre Camellia, Mile End Nursery by 1781 and that could Vol.3, 1843, Paris, pl.206. make a 1782 arrival at Caserta a Coggiatti, S., An Introduction to Camellias possibility. But Coggiatti gave no in Italy, International Camellia Journal, reference, so Tooby's date of 1786 seems 1973, p.68-70. more reliable. Corneo, A. and Remotti, D., Camelie One can reasonably suppose that as a dell'ottocento nel Verbano (Camellias of result of the Caserta planting of the Ninteenth Century in the Lago Maggiore), camellia outdoors, in either 1784 or 1786, Regione Piemonte, 2000. the fashion spread to the other aristocratic Del Lungo and Girardi, La Camelie, gardens of Naples where there are still very Hoepli, Milano, 1926, p.126. old and healthy camellias. For example, in Giorgetta, F. and Vercelloni, v., Per il addition to the camellias in the garden of Parco: camelie in mostra (For the Park: the Dukes of Bovino, there are old camellias on show), Societa Italiana della camellias in the garden of Princess Uzza Camelia, Milano, 1991. De Gregorio, which also. was designed by Goethe, J.w., Viaggio in Italia, Arnoldo Vanvitelli. Mondadori Editore SpA, Milano, 1983. Further sources on the camellias of Ricca, Nobilta del Regno delle due Sicilie Caserta are the 1991 catalogue of the [The aristocracy of the Kingdom of Naples Italian Camellia Society and an inventory and Sicily], Napoli, 1859-1879, Vol. 3, p. of old varieties in the old Naples gardens in 53. 58 Savige, TJ., The Ancient Camellias of Credits Europe, International Camellia Journal, We think the late Dr. Antonio Sevesi, 1985, p. 80-82. founder of the Italian Camellia Society and -The International Camellia Register, a director of the ICS, was the first to spot compiled by, Fine Arts Press, Sydney, 'Atroviolacea' in Caserta, possibly during 1993. the International Camellia Congress in Spinelli (editor), Catalogo della XXIII Naples in 1988. This paper would not have Mostra della Camelia in Campania, Villa been feasible without the support of ICS Pignatelli 23-24, Marzo 2002, Garden Director Andrea Corneo, who supplied the Club Napoli. original descriptions of Berlese. -I giardini segreti di Napoli fuori Ie mura (The secret gardens of Naples out of Gianmario Motta is vice-chairman of the the walls), Liguori Editore, Napoli, 1996, p Italian Camellia Society (Societa Italiana 329-359. della Camelia). Nicola Tartaglione is the Tooby, J., The Early Introductions of advisor at Villa Porfidia, formerly a garden Camellias to England from China, ofthe Dukes ofBovino. International Camellia Journal, 1981, p.32-36. ~I \ 59 THE CAMELLIA PLATES OF L'ILLUSTRATION HORTICOLE Shin'ichiro Kishikawa The first volume of the picture book camellia varieties that are in the five major "L'Illustration Horticole" was published in illustrated reference works of the 18th Ghent, Belgium, in 1854, and one volume century - Samuel Curtis: "A Monograph was issued each year until the 43rd volume on the Genus Camellia" (1819); A. in 1896. Charles Lemaire, a professor of Chandler & W.B. Booth: "Illustrations and botany, edited the volumes and Ambroise descriptions of plants which compose the Verschaffelt, the editor of "Nouvelle natural order of Camilliae and of the Iconographie des Camellias", published varieties of Camellia japonica cultivated in them. They are special journals about the gardens of Great Britain (1831); A.L. thegreenhouse and garden, in which most Berlese: "Iconographie du Genre interesting articles were written, such as Camellia", Vol. 1-3 (1841-1843); A. the history of ornamental plants, Verschaffelt: "Nouvelle Iconographie des comparative descriptions, cultures, and Camellias", Vol. 1-13 (1848-1860); and included illustrations. Baumann: "Bollweilerer Camellien The ornamental plants were illustrated Sammlang" (1835). by color prints, including 64 camellia Verschaffelt's "Nouvelle Iconographie varieties and nine illustrations of species. des Camellias" describes 48 new varieties Most of the camellia varieties were each year for 13 years until 1860. Then, described in volumes 8 (1861) through 21 beginning in 1861, his "L'Illustration (1874). None were in volume 33 or later. Horticole" included as many as six new I have collected volumes 9 (1862) varieties each year until 1874, when the through 16 (1869) and volume 27 (1880), number dropped to three, then dwindled to including 37 of the 38 camellia the occasional one until the camellias illustrations in these volumes. I also have completely disappeared after 1885. It is an collected plates of 23 camellia varieties in indication of how quickly the camellia the other volumes, so that, in all, I have went out of fashion in the late l800s. illustrations of 60 of the 64 varieties published in "L'Illustration Horticole". Shin'ichiro Kishikawa is a doctor of The missing illustrations are of medicine in Osaka, Japan. He is an avid 'Souvenir d'Emile Defresne' and 'Reine collector of camellia artifacts and rare, des Beautes' in volume 8 (1861), 'Mrs. 19th century camellia books. He discussed Dombrain' in volume 13 (1866) and his old folding screen with camellia 'Albino Botti' in volume 22 (1875). Of the pictures, Chinka Hariawase Byobu in the nine illustrations of species, I possess only two. 1999 Journal (p.74-83). He has offered According to the camellia flower type copies of many of his books by computer data base I have compiled using my imaging (see the Books section in this collection of camellia books from the 18th Journal). Dr. Kishikawa's illustrations of and 19th centuries, "L'Illustration 60 camellia varieties and two species from Horticole" does not include the same "L'/llustration Horticole" are too many to 6l .\_ ...... 't' _". 10--356 ~_, ..:.•.••• (1'. ..~.,,"~'.' l: i'f... • .. 10--363 10-376 62 11-392 __...... ow __ ,'.-Ai.. _, IJ".. · ~-..a...~....-.;_ """"':-~-~ 11-410 12-426 .1_ .LL' ,_._..... ~ Io_·r·", -~~ ~- ...:-.. ~.~. 63 ._-:::: ...... -:' ..... d·..tl~. , ...... _, _ .....c.. "_"",,, 64 '1::""11"" "..'l'UI)'IJOt ... ·•__.Io·;:..r"-· .. ·(·_ • ...... -.- fUlIU"II>tl.I.JlIJ.-)lIIU.,toKJUIl,---. .<..:. s..t.. fll;...L~'" \ 15-561 1~-566 16-602 ._ ....,.. uu~u U .."'lU"rIIU 11,,",". '':-·''"::..L~;·,...."l 65 17-:'4. ('11\1\10\ 1M '"""II...... om.....u ...... " \0••••_11 ~_h~II='(\\1 ..- .... u...cuo\IMl_ ..,,~'.L ~_.'"" 66 20--129 20--145 20-146 '-,.... -'M 67 30-483 31-509 68 OBITUARIES CARNET DE DEUIL VERSTORBEN John Tooby John Tooby will long be remembered as one of the founding fathers of the International Camellia Society. He served the Society for 39 years as a prolific writer, as president in 1986-1988, and as our scholarly camellia historian. His influence ranks with the late Professor E.G. Waterhouse and the late Tom Savige. Few current members will be able to match the long years of service which he so graciously gave to the ICS. To our worldwide membership, John was the epitome of an English country gentleman. His knowledge of camellia history was legendary. He enjoyed telling the year in which each of the old-time camellia varieties arrived in Europe from China. Although camellias were his primary interest, he was an expert on all garden plants provided you used the Latin John Tooby botanical name to describe them. John and his wife Nancy were tireless growing range - he once reported snow travelers for many years. They attended all and -20C in his garden on 13 December. of the early ICS Congresses and developed The spirit of John Tooby will live close friends in all ICS Regions. They forever in "Acorns", his many articles in attended the planting of the International our Inlernalional Camellia Journals, and Camellia Garden of Friendship in in the International CameJlia Society Kunming, China, in 1984. We regret that which he served so well. the Toobys will be with liS, in spirit only, as Greg Davis we attend the first ICS Congress in China in March next year. Eric Craig John was a patient and thoughtful A great ambassador for camellias, Eric gardener. He started his beloved "Acorns" Douglas Craig, died in his 87th year in on a "greenfield" in 1980 when he was 67 January 2002. A keen grower and exhibitor years old. He planted day lily seeds he had of camellias, he played leading roles in been given by "dear old Brownie" at both the Australian Camellia Research Massee Lane, the headquarters of the Society and the International Camellia American Camellia Society in Georgia. He Society. grew camellias at the northern edge of their He was an early member of the 69 International Camellia Society and his was the largest from overseas at many of name appears in the 1963 list of members these. published in the second edition of the The visit to Japan in 1980 was the start International Camellia Journal. He was a of a long association with Japanese close friend of Professor E.G. Waterhouse, camellia friends. Eric took lessons in the the first president of the ICS, and co language and on all five of his visits to organised the ICS Congress in Sydney, Japan he was able to make an Australia, in 1973. understandable speech in their language. When the ICS Ex.ecutive was During his last visit to Japan in 1998, Eric established in Australia in 1974, Eric took was given a special award at the annual on the job of editor of the International meeting of the Japan Camellia Society. Camellia Journal for the years 1974 and Although in failing health, he still was able 1975. After the death of Professor 10 respond, appropriately in Japanese, to Waterhouse in 1977, his successor, the late the delight of the audience. Tom Savige, appointed Eric chairman of Because he expected business-like the Executive. He was an ICS Director for behaviour from everyone on a subject that the Australian Region from 1975 to 1983, was only a hobby for most, some found his and from 1991 to 1997. He was elected a manner a bit difficult at times. But he was Vice President in 1983, serving in that post always motivated by the original aims of until 1991. the International Camellia Society, Eric was largely responsible for the especially those "To foster love of publication and marketing of the largest camellias throughout the world and to undertaking of the ICS: the "International maintain and increase their popularity" and Camellia Register", edited by Tom Savige "To encourage friendly exchange between (see p.76). camellia enthusiasts of all nationalities". Eric's wife of 61 years, Rowena, Eric Craig was truly an ambassador for introduced him to the New South Wales camellias. Camellia Society in 1960 and over the Peter Levick years he accumulated a large collection of cultivars. He named many seedlings after his friends, but the loveliest of all of these seedling is a single C.japonica 'Rowena Craig'. A long-time member of the American Camellia Society and the Potomac Valley Camellia Society, Eric - with the help of American camellia friends - organised a tour of the United States for Australian camellia lovers in 1975, winding up in Pensacola, Florida, for the annual meeting of the American Camellia Society. Subsequently, he organised Australian groups to 14 International Camellia Congresses. And because of his public relations expertise, the Australian group Eric and Rowena Craig. 70 Violet Stone local show and assisted at many other The camellia world lost a valued shows in the area. member when Mrs. Violet Mae Roseman Vi was active in the Gulf Coast Stone passed away on 26 October 2001, Camellia Society, serving in a number of after a period of illness. Vi had friends in capacities, including president from 1978 every camellia-growing region of the to 1980. Many of the annual meetings of world. She corresponded regularly, swapped scions and information, and shared her homemade fruitcakes, pickles and other food items with many of these friends over the years. Vi was a long-time member of the ICS and served as a vice-president and a director of the USA Region in the 1980s. Until recently, she attended International Camellia Congresses throughout the world, visiting old friends and making new Hank and Vi Slone ones on each trip. Her camellia garden in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, reflected her the GCCS were able to raise money by travels by the many cultivars obtained from selling chances on beautiful shawls and her friends in various camellia-growing quilts, which were painstakingly crafted by countries. Many tags on her plants were Vi and donated for the fund-raising efforts. oriental and many of the names were not She was active in the American familiar in the States. Camellia Society, serving on many She enjoyed showing visitors around committees and on the ACS boards as the extensive garden containing, at one State Director from Louisiana and as time, over 1,000 camellia plants, most of Director-at-Large for the Gulf Coast which were mature specimens up to SO Region. years old. She shared with everyone her Vi also was an avid hybridizer and knowledge and experiences with introduced and registered 29 new cultivars camellias, as well as scions from any plant over the years, many named after family she had. members or close friends. She had plans Vi was an inspiration to so many of us for several more to be introduced and these - her enthusiasm and generosity were will be registered in her name. infectious. She was very generous with her Plans are underway to establish a time, having served a number of camellia camellia garden as a memorial to Vi and societies in so many ways. In 1970, she her late husband, Hank, at Windrush was a founding member of the Baton Gardens in Baton Rouge, part of the Rouge Camellia Society and remained Burden Research Center operated by active with shows and educational Louisiana State University. All of the functions over the years. We relied on her plants that can be moved from the Stone unfailing memory and ability to identify garden will go to Burden; those that cannot camellia cultivars, sometimes from the be moved will be use to propagate others foliage alone. For many years she served as for planting there. chief judge and chairman of judges for the Establishing the memorial garden 71 seems such a fitting extension of Vi Stone's France, in 1977, "Where [ have my garden lifelong talent for sharing her camellias they will grow out of doors quite with everyone. Now her camellia satisfactorily, but the benefits of having a collection can be enjoyed by generations to certain proportion of the plants under glass come, which is exactly what Vi would have can be divided into six or more wanted. considerations." These include: plants Art Landry settle down more quickly and grow much faster; plants have a longer flowering Dr. James A. Smart season; the quality of flowers is better; the Dr. Jimmy Smart, a director of the ICS condition of the bloom is better; it is during the 1970s, a holder of the Royal possible to enjoy working on camellias Horticultural Society's highest award, the without regard to the weather; and unlike Victoria Medal of Honour, and the creator other plants which flower in the cold of the world-renowned Marwood Hill weather, camellias do not require heat in Gardens near Barnstaple, Devon, in the greenhouse, except for a small amount southwestern England, died in May, aged to keep frost out when buds begin to show 87 colour. Only 63 people can hold the Victoria He made attempts at hybrid ising and Medal at anyone time, reflecting the getting camellias to set viable seed in the number of years of Queen Victoria's reign. English climate, including the use of Jimmy received the award for creating beehives and high-wattage electric light Marwood Hill over a period of 30 years. Its bulbs with only limited success. 18 acres (7.3 hectares) hold a far-ranging He also dispelled the theory that only variety of plants and trees, including about rainwater, with a pH 7 (neutral) or below, 1,000 varieties of camellias, probably the sbould be used to water camellias. He largest camellia collection in England (1995 Journal, p.35-36). Jimmy said of himself: "Primarily I'm a plantsman and a garden designer after that. As for specialists, I can't see anyone being so narrow." But he is probably best known for his interest in camellias. He contributed numerous articles to the Journal and was a judge at many RHS camellia competitions. He began developing Marwood Hill from rough pastureland in the early 1960s. His work in medical practice and anaesthetics took him to Australia for parts of many years, with stopovers in the United States and many other countries. "I've been known to leave all my clothes and bring back suitcases full of cuttings", he once said. Part of his camellia collection is under glass. He told the ICS Congress in Nantes. Jimmy Smart. 72 found that his use of tap water with a pH of 50 camellias, mostly obtained from 9 for more than J5 years had no adverse England, which he visited frequently with effect on camellias planted in the ground in his English wife Barbara. He wrote about his greenhouses. his trials and tribulations in the 1986 Malcolm Pharoah, Jimmy's head Journal, (p.80-81) following two very cold gardener, said. "He had just been potting winters, when he lost all but 10 plants of and then went around the garden. He came his collection. in for his coffee and just went." He was a quiet raconteur with a droll Malcolm said the good news is that sense of humor and would hold forth over Jimmy's nephew, John Snowden, is taking evening drinks with hilarious tales of over. He is also a doctor, who lives in battling the strong winter winds off the Sydney, Australia, with his wife and three North Sea, or dueling with blackbirds, who children. 'The family is English and will would scatter the leaves he had carefully be coming over often. John is keen to keep rake up around his camellias for winter developing the garden and adding new protection, or with rabbits, who looked plants," Malcolm said. forward to nibbling the new purchases he Malcolm, who has been at Marwood had carefully brought back from England. Hill for 30 years, and his team of gardeners He always ended by saying, "Now you can will continue. So the future is assured for understand why there are so few Dutch the garden and the camellias. But members of the ICS." Marwood Hill will never be quite the same He would have enjoyed being able to without Jimmy. He is survived by his regale the new, fast growing Benelux widow, Margaret. Region with its many new Dutch members Herb Short with his tales of what it was like to grow camellias in the bad old days. G. (Bob) Kranen We never could get him to tell us what Bob Kranen, a 30-year member and a his initial G. stood for. All he would say director from 1989 to 1996, died on was that his Dutch name was too Christmas day at the age of 86. Bob, who complicated and Bob was much easier to lived in the old port city of Middleburg in pronounce. But even his Dutch friends sourthern Holland, always took a quiet referred to him as Bob at his funeral. We pride in being one of the few members will miss him. from The Netherlands. Herb Short He began his camellia collection in 1973 with six four-year-old plants. Why he decided to grow camellias. he never did say - although it may have been because Middleburg is twinned with Nagasaki, where the Dutch East India Company had established a trading post in 1641 and employed physicians Englebert Kaempher, Karl Thunberg and Philipp Franz von Siebold, who had great interest in camellias. Over the years, Bob built up a collection Bob Kranen. 73 Katsusuke Oota professionals and amateurs as the most A great star of the Japanese camellia effective, quickest grafting method for world was lost in March. Katsusuke Oota camellias. passed away at age 68, while convalescing It was when giving this talk at the at home after operations for colon cancer. congress that he quite suddenly confessed He had been an rcs member for many to the audience that he was living with, not years and served as a director for Japan and fighting against, his cancer. Other Asian Regions from 1998 through He had strong belief that he could cope 2000. He also was a member of the Japan with his illness and never gave up hope of Camellia Society for many years and, at a long life. the time of his death, was one of its vice We will miss his friendly warmth and presidents. smiles on every occasion. May his soul rest He held the post of Principal at Techno in peace in the Heavenly Camellia Garden. Horti College in Saitama Prefecture when Shigeo Matsumoto he retired, after teaching hOl1icuiture there for many years. Jean-Claude Rosmann He wrote many articles on the know France lost its most prolific hybridizer how and various techniques of growing of camellias in May with the death of Jean camellias for the Journal of the Japan Claude Rosmann. He was a passionate Camellia Society. Those articles will connoisseur who will be remembered as remain as most useful models and teaching one of the greats. materials in the JCS in the future. When we arrived in Bayonne for the He gladly accepted the role of lecturer first time in 1982, we struck up a at many camellia gatherings and shows. friendship with this very special man. rcs members who attended the 1999 From then on we had the best possible International Camellia Congress in support for our research work and an Miyazaki may remember his talk on his association was set up: the Centre for newly devised grafting method, Research and Acclimatisation of Camellias "Katabukuro-Tsugi Simple Incision in Aquitaine (CRACA) based on the site of Grafting" (1999 Journal, p. 103-107). This Plantarium de Gaujacq and nurseries. method is now being widely used by Jean-Claude fulfilled his dream of being able to collect camellias in Vietnam, and one of these now bears his name, c.rosmannii. Numerous hybrids are under observation, three of which are being multiplied at a great rate so that they can be offered to all connoisseurs of the camellia. The next few lines retrace his career. We felt it would make sense for the next flowering season of camellias to be a vibrant homage to a man who gave his all to them. This tribute would also be a public acknowledgement of his botanical work, and recognition of his talent by the French Kalsusuke 01113. press, just as under simi lar circumstances 74 in some countries. obtained a post-graduate diploma in Jean-Claude's grandmother was ethnology, a masters in sociology, and a originally from Normandy and his post-graduate diploma III anthropology grandfather, who came from Reunion, (1993 Journal, pAJ-47). worked as a professor of education in Phu In J985, he continued his work at Lang Thuong (Tonkin) while his father was Gaujacq. Between 1994 and J999, the growing up. At 18 years of age his father National Society of Horticulture of France decided to move to Morocco and start a (SNHF) subsidized five trips to Vietnam. family. Jean-Claude was born in Rabat in He and his party rediscovered C.pelelolii 1943. and several other camellia species and In J957, after Morocco gained its above all discovered C.cucphuongensis, independence, the family returned to its c.rosmal1nii (1997 Journal, p.74-80), roots in Normandy. In 1962, Jean-Claude C.hulungensis and C. vidallii with leaves became an air traffic controller in the air 35-40 cm long (2000 Journal, p.66-68). force. In 1964, he became a representative In spite of illness, he stuck to his for major companies such as Elf Aquitaine. philosophy: "Make the most of today In J970, he began a career as a psychiatric because tomorrow we may be gone." nurse in Alen~on, Pau and then Bayonne. We offer his wife, France, and their In 1972, he discovered the camellia: children, Frank, Laetitia and Agnes, our "There, in that little garden - first of all I most heartfelt condolences. A few of Jean thought it was a rose, but in January that Claude's 5000 hybridizations are under wasn't possible...", he said. In 1982, he observation, and his memory will hybridized camellias in the Maymou undoubtedly live on. nurseries. Working through the night, he Jean Thoby studied at Bordeaux University where he C. rosmollllii 75 BOOKS -t51Tt NOUVELLES PARTUTIONS ECRITES BUCHER ~.;f,BJI "Growing Camellias in Cold Climates" hybrids of Ackerman and Dr. Clifford by William L. Ackerman Parks. Noble House, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, We have only two quibbles about the 2002 book. One is that in the chapter on history, ISBN 1-56167-716-7, 136 pages Bill mentions the report by Dr. Frederick Most of us know of Dr. William G. Meyer on documented evidence that Ackerman through the cold-hardy C.japonica was introduced to Europe by camellias he has developed over the· the Portuguese in the first half of the 16th years.Now there is an opportunity to get to century, without mentioning that the know him better and, at the same time, Portuguese land owner involved said later learn about growing camellias. This book that Dr. Meyer had misunderstood and the is filled with Bill's personality, as well as documented evidence did not exist. sone of the best information on growing, A second is that, although a plant propagating and hybridizing camellias to hardiness map of Europe is included, the be found anywhere. book gives only the American experience. As the title says, the book is aimed at Bill is well aware of this and has already people living in cold climates. How cold? started a second edition of the book. He Down to -15F (-26C), which is colder than hopes that European growers of cold-hardy most camellia growers have to contend camellias will send him information about with anywhere. But, Bill points out, it is their successes - or failures. not temperature alone that determines a This book is available at $34.95 through plant's ability to survive sub-freezing American Literary Press, 8019 Belair Rd., temperatures with minimal flower and Suite 10, Baltimore, MD 21236, USA. foliage damage. Bill discusses many of these factors in detail. Reprints of Old Camellia Books There is a fascinating chapter on special Dr. Shinichiro Kishikawa has now situations, including structures for winter completed his computer reproductions of protection, the conservation of leaf rare old camellia books. In addition to the moisture, breaking of the tap root, and the six volumes reported in the 2000 Journal, use of gibberellic acid to obtain autumn p.30-3l and the four volumes reported in blooms. the 2001 Journal, p.89-90, the following The text in the chapters on propagation volumes are now available: and hybridizing is easy to understand and Kishikawa Camellia Book Collection 4-V the accompanying illustrations add to that "Nouvelle Iconographie des Camellias", inderstanding. There is also a section Tome 5, A. Verschaffelt, Vol.9, 1856 & explaining about the chilling of seeds. VoLlO, 1857; French text with 96 color The chapters listing camellias for cold plates. climates include varieties of C.japonica, Kishikawa Camellia Book Collection 4-VI C.sasanqua and C.hiemalis, as well as the "Nouvelle Iconographie des Camellias", 76 Tome 6, A. Verschaffelt, VoLl1, 1858 & zone map is of Germany - although The Vol. 12, 1859, French text with 96 color Netherlands, Belgium and part of the plates. Czech Republic are included by necessity. Kishikawa Camellia Book Collection There are helpfUl listing of camellias by 4-VII color, flower forms, etc. And the "Nouvelle Iconographie des Camellias", information on diseases, planting, ". Tome 7, A. Verschaffelt, VoLl3, 1860, transplanting, etc., is practical. The \ French text with 48 color plates. photographs showing how to protect Dr. Kishikawa has also compiled on a camellias in containers for winter are CD-rom the camellia plates of excellent and leave no doubt as to how it , "L'Illustration Horticole" edited by should be done. " Charles Lemaire and published by Ambroise Verschaffelt from 1861 through The "International Camellia Register" 1885 (see p. 59-67). and Supplement are beginning to For additional information contact: approach "collectors" item status. But Dr. Shinichiro Kishikawa the price is still only £54/ US $100 plus 1-9-18 Chodoh postage and packing, representing a Higashi-osaka city significant discount on separate prices. Osaka-fu Register and Supplement may be 577-0056 Japan purchased separately: £441US $80 for Fax: 81-6-6783-1259 Register, and £16/ US $25 for Supplement; e-mail: [email protected] each plus postage and packing. Published by the International Camellia "Kamelien Gartensorten auswahlen, Society, the official registrar for the pflanzen, pflegan" world's camellias, the "International by Helga & Klaus Urban Camellia Register" is the only complete "\ I Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co., 70599 reference guide to this incomparable Stuttgart, Germany, 2002 flower. It is a rich source of information for ISBN 3-8001-3866-2, 126 pages plant growth habit, blooming season, For those in need of a German language flower color and size. And it is a treasure camellia book tailored for the specific trove of fascinating historical information ,. needs of growing camellias in Germany, about your plants - where they came this softcover paperback should be just the from and when, and how they got their thing. While the authors previous book names. "Schone Kamelien" ("Kamelien" in a later This is a major academic reference edition) took a broader view of the work - all for the cost of a quality camellia world, this new one sticks to the gardening book. basics of Germany. For instance, only Contact your regional Membership German botanical gardens with camellia Representative to arrange purchase. collections are listed and the temperature 77 TRANSPLANTING AND GRAFTING ONTO WILD CAMELLIAS Jiarong Wang TRANSPLANTATION ET GREFFAGE SUR CAMELIAS SAUVAGES UMSETZEN UND AUF WILDE KAMELIEN AUFFROPFEN China has many old wild camellias that earlier than scions grafted from August to are often cut down for firewood, or to make October, or from scions grafted the way for expanding agricultural production' following February and March. or modern highway construction. Over the Moreover, the scions grafted from last few years, research has been carried August to October grew poorly and the out on a variety of species of wild success rate was only 43 percent. On the camellias from 30 to 100 years old with the other hand, the success rate of scions aim of fully utilizing these wild resources grafted in February and March was 89 by increasing the survival rate of percent and these scions grew well. transplanted old stocks and adding to their These results indicate that the value by grafting more decorative camellia preliminary period, before survival of the varieties onto them. transplated old stock was completely In the course of this research, more than assured, is the ideal time for grafting onto 90 percent of the camellias transplanted the old stocks of wild camellias. have survived. Following the development of a new Experimental Work rooting powder, 6,000 old camellias were In March 1999, I experimented transplanted in March 2001 in accordance repeatedly on many groups of old stocks. with Scientific Committee Document The unnecessary parts at both ends were (2000)55 in Ouhai District, entitled "The sawed off. Some stocks were then treated, technique of grafting other varieties of while others were left untreated. camellia onto the old stock of camellia". At Treatment consisted of soaking the the end of 2001, a total of 5,700 had stock for two hours, either in common survived and were growing well - a rooting stimulators (hormones), or in a survival rate of 95 percent. rooting powder I compounded in 1995 for Half of the 6,000 were grafted during thick-stem propagation (reported in the three periods following transplanting. In 1996 Journal, p.72-75). May and June following transplanting, the The old stocks were then planted in a buds and leaves of the old stock sprouted. field composed of half river sand and half The success rate of scions grafted at this loess (unstratified loam) with no nutrients. time was 91.5 percent. From September to The beds were covered with shade nets and October, some of the scions reached 10-35 watered and misted regularly to maintain centimeters in height and would bloom at humidity. Healing tissue developed after the end of the next winter. This is one year 30-50 days. Radicals appeared after 50-80 78 days and root tassels were 5-25-cm long that caused metabolic withering. If their after 80-100 days. resistance could be improved until they Different treatments resulted in could take root, the old stocks of wild different survival rates (see Table 1). It camellias could be successfully turned out that most of the old stock could transplanted. survive if properly cultivated. Once this research topic was ratified by However, large numbers died the Scientific Committee in the Ouhai \.. prematurely during the rainy season or District in January 2000, I set about when strong autumn winds blew. After formulating a new rooting powder based long research and analysis, I found that on the ingredients used in the powder \ most went moldy, became dehydrated and developed for thick-stem cuttings in 1995. cracked because of abnormal. circulation This new formulation, called No.A Table 1. Survival of old stocks given ~ifferent stimulators in March 1999 Planted in 1: 1 river sand and loess Treatment Number of plants Survival None 100 45 Common rooting stimulators 100 61 NARP (1995 formulation) 100 75 Table 2. Survival of old stocks given different stimulators in March 2000 >. Planted in 1: 1 river sand and loess , Treatment Number of Plants Survival Rate Comments \!' None 300 120 40% Only a few grew well. Common rooting stimulators 300 135 45 Many died after grafting; success rate of grafting was low. NARP (1995 formulation) 300 222 74 They grew well; success rate of grafting was more than 90%. NARP (New formulation) 300 278 93 They grew well; success rate of grafting was more than 90%. Table 3. Success of Cleft Grafting in Different Time Periods Period Number of scions Number successful Comments ....-, Preliminary survival of stock 1,000 915 Growing well; grafted June to August would blossom in following winter. Stock survival period - 1,000 430 Growing poorly. grafted August to October Stock survival complete- 1,000 890 Growing well. grafted February to March 79 Rooting Powder (NARP), was used in the as a powder or liquid as required. experiment of March 2000 and gave a much higher survival rate than those of Jiarong Wang is the owner of Wenzhou other rooting stimulators (see Table 2). The Wutian Jiaro/lg Huapu (Nursery), which combination of plant activator, trace will be visited during the International element and antiseptic can be compounded Camellia Congress lour in March 2003. New varieties grafted onto old, wild camellia stock. Jiarong Wang explains grafting methods to Eve Murphy for the TV camera 80 BIODIVERSITY OF THE GENUS CAMELLIA OF VIETNAM Tam Dao lecture by Tran Ninh From Proceedings of the First National Symposium on Yellow Camellias of Vietnam \ I BIODIVERSITE DU GENRE CAMELIA DU VIETNAM ARTENVIELFALT DER KAMELIENGATTUNG AUS VIETNAM To prepare for compilation of the "Flora region of north Vietnam and China (16 of Vietnam", the author has been studying' species); tropical Asian element (2 the Camellia since 1992. Through species); and East Asian element (2 collection and identification of specimens species). of Vietnamese Camellia, 50 species have Species Diversity now been recorded, compared with 35 Camellia is the largest genus of previously. Theaceae. According to Prof. Chang Hung Ten species are new to science. They Ta, there are 280 species. Most of them are are: Camellia bolovenensis (Gagnep.) concentrated in East and South East Asia. Chang & Ren, C.crassiphylla Ninh et Yunnan, Guangxi in China and the Hakoda, C.cucphuongensis Ninh et northern provinces of Vietnam are the Rosmann, C.huulungensis Rosmann et original center of Camellia. Vietnam lies Ninh, C.kirinoi Ninh et Hakoda, in the region of seasonal tropical rains and c.megasepala Chang et Ninh, c.murauchii the environmental conditions are very Ninh et Hakoda, C. rosmannii Ninh, suitable for growth of the genus Camellia. C.rubriflora Ninh et Hakoda, and C. vidalii In Vietnam, the studies of flowering Rosmann. plants in general and Camellia in particular Five species are new to Vietnam: were started by foreign botanists.The first " "..., Camellia crassicolumna Chang, study concerning Camellia was made by , C.jangchengensis Liang & Zhong, L.Pierre. In "Flore forestHire de la C.impressinervis Chang et S.Y. Liang, Cochinchine" published in 1888, he C.limonnia C.P. Liang et Mo, and described six species, including two C.taliensis (w. W. Sm.) Melchior. species that are new to Vietnam. After that, The author has attempted to group the Pitard (1910) described and named some species of Camellia into five types species of Camellia. Gagnepain (1943) according to their distribution' pattern, as described 28 species. Recently some follows: Enderrric element (28 species); species belonging to Camellia were named Indochina - China (2 species); tropical by Chinese botanists. "-\ 81 List of species A. Subgenus Protocamellia Section Archecamellia 1. C.pleurocarpa (Gagnep.) Sealy, Rev. Gen. Camellia, 38 (1958). Dist.: Thanh Hoa Province. Endemic to Vietnam. 2. c.megassepala Chang & Ninh, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Suyat. 35:79 (1996). Dist.: Na Hang, Tuyen Quang Province. Endemic to Vietnam. Section Stereocarpus 3. C.dormoyana (Pierre ex Laness.) Sealy, Rev.Gen.Camellias, 45 (1958). Dist.: Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Quang Tri, Lam Dong, Tay Ninh, Dong Nai, Kien Giang. Endemic to Vietnam. 4. C. krempfii (Gagnep.) Sealy, Kew Bull. 218 (1949). Dist.: Nghe An, Khanh Hoa Provinces. Endemic to Vietnam. Section Piquetia 5. C.piquetiana (Pierre ex Laness.) Sealy, Rev.Gen.Camellia, 108 (1958). Dist.: Thanh Hoa, Lam Dong, Dong Nai, Binh Duong provinces. Endemic to Vietnam. B. Subgenus Camellia Section Oleifera 6. c.sasanqua Thunb. Fl. Jap. 273, t.30 (1784). Dist.: Thanh Hoa, Quang Binh provinces. This species was found in China and Japan. 7. C. vietnamensis Huang ex Hu. Acta Phytotax. Sin.]0: 138 (1965). Dist.: Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Tuyen Quang and Lang Son provinces. This species was planted in Guangxi, China. 8. C.oleifera Abel, Joum. China (1818). Dist.: Common in Vietnam and China. Section Furfuracea 9. C.bolovenensis (Gagnep.) Chang et Ren, Int. Camellia Jouma131: 128 (1999). Dist.: Dong Nai Province. This species was found in Laos. 10. C. furfuracea (Merr.) Cohen-Stuart, Bull. Jard. Bot. Butenzorg, ser. 3,1: 249 (Fig 1) (1919). Dist.: Yen Bai, Quang Ninh, Vinh Phuc, Ha Tay, Nghe An Provinces. This species was found in China and Laos. 11. C.gaudichaudii (Gagnep.) Sealy, Kew Bull. 217 (1949). Dist.: Hoa Binh, Quang Nam Provinces. This species was found in south China. Section Paracamellia 12. C.kissi Wall. In Asiat. Res. XIII: 429 (1820). Dist.: Thua Thien Hue, Ninh Thmln, Lam Dong. This species was found in India, Nepal, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos and China. Section Camellia 13. C.japonica L. Sp. II: 698 (1753). Dist.: Commonly cultivated in Vietnam, China and Japan. 82 C. Subgenus Thea Section Corallina 14. C.corallina (Gagnep.) Sealy, Camellias and Magnolias Rep.Conf. RHS.90 (1950). Dist.: Thua Thien Hue, Da Nang. Endemic to Vietnam. 15. C.rubriflora Ninh & Hakoda, Int.Camellia Journal 30: 77-79 (1998). Dist.: Tamdao Mountains, Vinh Phuc Province. Endemic to Vietnam. 16. C.tonkinensis (Pitard.) Cohen-Stuart in Med. Proefst. Thee, XL: 67 (1916). Dist.: Ha Tay Province (Ba Vi Mountains). Endemic to Vietnam. 17. Cjleuryi (Chev.) Sealy, Kew Bull. 217,1949. Dist.: Khanh Hoa Province. This species is very rare in Vietnam at present time. Endemic to Vietnam. 18. C.lianshanensis Chang, Tax.Gen.Camellia (1981). ", Dist.: Lang Son Province according to Nguyen Huu Hien. Up to now, the author has not seen. This species was found in China. Section Branchyandra 19. c.nervosa (Gagnep.) Chang. Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni. Dist.: Lam Dong Province. Endemic to Vietnam. 20. c.nematodea (Gagnep.) Sealy, Rev. Gen. Camellia, 135 (1958). Dist.: Khanh Hoa Province. Endemic to Vietnam. 21. C.gilbertii (Chev.) Sealy, Kew Bull. 216 (1949). Dist.: Quang Ninh, Phu Tho Provinces. Endemic to Vietnam. This species belongs to l endangered species in Vietnam. Section Longipedicellata 22. C.amplexicaulis (Pitard) Cohen-Stuart in Med. Proefst. Thee XL: 67 (1916). Dist.: Lang Son, Ha Bac, Bac Ninh, Vinh Phuc. Phu Tho, Ha Noi, Ha Tay, Hoa Binh, Ha Nam, Nam Dinh, Ninh Binh, Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Thua Thien Hue. Endemic to Vietnam. This is ornamental species and cultivated in gardens. 23. C.indochinensis Merr. Journ.Am.Arb. 20: 347 (1939). Dist.: Quang Ninh, Lang Son, Bac Giang Provinces. This species was found in China. Section Chrysantha 24. Cjlava (Pitard) Sealy, Kew Bull. 217, (Fig 3) (1949). l Dist.: Hoa Binh, Nam Ha, Ninh Binh and Nghe An Provinces. Endemic to Vietnam. ., I 25. C.aurea Chang in Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatsensi (1979). ,I Dist.: Lang Son. This species was found in China. 26. C.chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama, JournJap.Bot. 50: 299.1975. Dist.: Lang Son, Quang Ninh (according to Prof. Chang Hung Ta.). The author has tried to collect for some time but has not seen it. This species was foundin China. 27. C.crassiphylla Ninh et Hakoda, Int. Camellia Journal 30:76-77 (1998). Dist.: Vinh Phuc province (Tam Dao Mountains). Endemic to Vietnam. 28. C.cucphuongensis Ninh et Rosmann, Int. Camellia Journal 30:71-72 (1998). Dist.: Ninh Binh Province (Cuc Phuong National Park). ~ 29. C.euphlebia Merr ex Sealy, Kew Bull. 216 (1949). I Dist.: Quang Ninh, Lang Son, Bac Giang. This species was found in China. 30. c.rosmannii Ninh, Gen. Applications (1996). Dist.: Quang Ninh Province (Yen Tu Mountains). Endemic to Vietnam. 83 31. C.huulungensis Rosmann et Ninh, Gen. and Applications (1999). Dist.: Huu Lung, Lang Son Province. Endemic to Vietnam. 32. C.impressinervis Chang et Liang, Acta Sci. Nat. Sunyatseni 72 (1979). Dist.: Lang Son Province. This species was found in China. 33. C.kirinoi Ninh, Gen. et Applications (1999). Dist.: That Khe, Lang Son Province. Endemic to Vietnam. 34. C.limonia Liang et Mo, Guihaia 2: 63 (1982). Dist.: Lang Son Province. This species was found in China. 35. C.murauchii Ninh et Hakoda, Int. Camellia Journal 30: 77-78 (1999). Dist.: Lang Son Province. 36. C.petelotii (Merr.) Sealy, Kew Bull. 219 (1949). Dist.: Vinh Phuc Province (Tam Dao Mountains). Section Thea 37. C.crassicolumna Chang, Acta Sci. Nat. Sunyatseni (1981). Dist.: Tay Con Linh Mountains, Ha Giang Province. The first recorded in Vietnam. This species was found in China. 38. C.taliensis (w. W. Sm.) Melch. Nat.Pfl. (1925). Dist.: Lao Cai Province (Hoang Lien Son Mountains). 39. C.pubicosta Merr. Joum. Am. Arb.183 (1942). Dist.: Vinh Phuc, Ha Tay, Nghe An, Khanh Hoa Provinces. Endemic to Vietnam. 40. C.sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze in Acta Horti Petrop. 10: 195 (1887). Dist.: Commonly cultivated in Vietnam. 41. C.sinensis var. assamica (Mast.) Chang, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni (1984). Dist.: Commonly in highland of north Vietnam. 42. C.fangchengensis Liang et Zhong, Acta Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni (1984). Dist.: That Khe, Lang Son Province. The first recorded in Vietnam. This species was found in China. 43. C. vidalii Rosmann, Int. Camellia Journal 32: 66-68 (2000). Dist.: Bao Loc, Lam Dong Province. Endemic to Vietnam. Section Longissima 44. C.gracilipes Merr. ex Sealy, Kew Bull. (1949). Dist.: Da Nang (Ba Na Mountains). Endemic to Vietnam. D. Subgenus Metacamellia Section Theopsis 45. C.forrestii (Diels) Cohen-Stuart in Med.Proefst.Thee XL: 68 (1916). Dist.: Cao Bang, Nghe An Provinces. This species was found in China. 46. C.tsaii Hu, Bul. Fan. Mem. Inst. BioI. Bot. VII: 132 (1938). Dist.: LaiChau, Lao Cai, Da Nang, Quang Nam, Lam Dong Provinces. This species was found in China. 47. C.tsingpiensis Hu., Bull. Fan.em. Inst. BioI. Bot. VIII: 129 (1938). Dist. Lao Cai Province. This species was found in China. 48. c.elongata (Rehd. et Wils.) Rehder in Joum. Am. Arb. III: (1922). Dist.: Da Nang, Quang Nam Provinces. This species was found in China. Section Eriandria 84 49. C.caudata Wall. Cat. No. 978 (1829). Dist.: Lao Cai, Yen Bai, Vinh Phuc, Phu Tho, Lang Son, Bac Giang, Ha Tay, Hoa Binh, Ninh Binh, Nghe An, Ha Tinh, Thua Thien Hue, Da Nang Provinces. This species seems to be very cornmon in Vietnam. This species was found in India, Myanmar and China. 50. C.assimilis Champ ex Benth. in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. III: 309 (1851). Dist.: Lao Cai, Quang Tri. This species was found in China. "l;.;;' [Editor's note: This list does not include three newly discovered yellow camellias: C.quephongensis Ninh et Hakoda, which is discussed in the following article, C.tamdaoensis Hakoda and the as-yet unnamed yellow in the photograph on the back cover of this Journal. Both C.tamdaoensis and the unnamed yellow are mentioned in the article by Hansen (p.26-31). They will be discussed as species in the future.] Phytogeography often grow along the streams or valleys. In the course of our studies of the genus. The following species are dominant Camellia, we are interested in its species: C.aurea, C.cucphuongensis and distribution in Vietnam. We divided this Cflava. into two main groups: Distribution of Cultivated vegetation - For cultivation Camellia in the main types of vegetation the land has in general to be cleared of and distribution according to geographical native vegetation, when the natural elements. vegetation is usually completely destroyed and cultivated according to the purpose of A. Vegetation: man. For beverages, they grow C.sinensis Tropical evergreen forest - Most and C.sinensis var. assamica. For oil, they \ camellia grow in this vegetation, with good grow C.oleifera and C.vietnamensis. For conditions as warmth, humidity and shade. decoration, they grow C.amplexicaulis and , They are often small tree or shrubs C.japonica. '\ constituting the lower storeys of the forest. B. Geographical In this forest we can find C.bolovenensis, Geographical distribution patterns of C.caudata, C.crassicolumna, C.dormoy Camellia have not been studied in Vietnam ana, C.euphlebia, C.fangchenegensis, before. From the studies of my own Cflava, C.forrestii, C.furfuracea, C.gau collection and those made by foreigners, I dichaudii, C.huulungensis, C.kissi. have attempted to make an analysis. I have C.krempfii, C.nervosa, C.petelotii, C.pi grouped the species of Camellia according quetiana, C.pubicosta, C.taliensis and to their distribution. C.tonkinensis. Endemic element - This consists of 26 Secondary forest - This type of forest species that are restricted to Vietnam. They dominates where evergreen forest has been are: C.amplexicaulis, C.aurea, C.cor disturbed by man. The frequent species are allina, C.crassiphylla, C.cucphuongensis, C.amplexicaulis, C.kirinoi, c.rosmannii C.dormoyana, C.flava, C.fleuryi, c.gau and C.sinensis var. assamica. dichaudii, C.gilbertii, C.gracilipes, Limestone forest - This type forest C.huulungensis, C.kirinoi, C.krempfii, belongs to evergreen forest and is found on C.langbianensis, c.megasepala, C.mur limestone hills in north Vietnam. The auchii, c.nematoda, c.nervosa, c.pete floristic composition is calciphile and more lotii, C.piquetiana, C.pleurocarpa, C.pubi or less xerophile. The species of Camellia costa, c.rosmannii, C.rubriflora, and 85 C. vidalii. Biology 16(4): 87-93. Vietnam-China element - Species Ho Ph. Hoang. 1991. "Cay co Viet belonging to this element occur both in Nam". I: 527-537. Montreal. Vietnam and in south China. The 17 Lecomte, H. 1910. "Thea in Fl. Gen. species are: C.sinensis var. assamica, Indo-Chine" I. C.assimilis, C.chrysantha, C.crassico Ming Tienlu, 2000. "Monograph of lumna, C.elongata, C.euphlebia, C.fang the genus Camellia". Yunnan Science and chengensis, C.forrestii, C.gaudichaudii, Technology Press, Kunming, China. C.impressinervis, C.indochinensis, C.lian Ninh, T. & Hakoda, N. 1998. Three shanensis, C.limonia, C.oleifera, C.tal New Species of Genus Camellia from iensis, C.tsingpiensis, and C. vietnamensis. Vietnam. International Camellia Journal Indochinese element - This group 30: 76-79. consists of species widely distributed in Ninh, T. & Hakoda, N. 1998. Camellia Indochina. Their area extends from south Petelotii: A Species of Yellow Camellia China through Vietnam, Laos and from Vietnam. International Camellia Cambodia to Myanmar. C.furfuracea and Journal 30: 81-83. C.bolovenensis belong to this type. Ninh, T. 1998. Camellia Rosmannii: A Asian element - Some species are New Species of Yellow Camellia from distributed from the Himalayas through the Vietnam. International Camellia Journal mountain regions of Khasia, Myanmar, 30: 72-74. north Vietnam and south China to Japan. Ninh, T. 1998. Camellia This element consists of five species: Cucphuongensis: A New Species ofYellow C.caudata, C.japonica, C.kissii, Camellia from Vietnam. International c.sasanqua and C.sinensis. Camellia Journal. 30: 71-72. Ninh, T. 1999. Camellia kirinoi - a References new species and precious gene resource Chang Hung Ta, 1981. "A taxonomy should be conserved. Journ. Genetics and of the genus Camellia". Acta Scientiarum Applications 2: 37-38. Naturalium. Universitatis Sunyatseni. Rosmann, J.e. 2000. A New Camellia Monograph Ser. 1:1-180. Species of Vietnam. International Chang Hung Ta, 1991. A revision of Camellia Journal 32: 66-68. the SectionChrysantha of Camellia. Acta Sealy, J. R. 1958. "A revision of the Sci. Nat. Univ. Sunyatseni, 30(2): 76-84. genus Camellia". Royal Hort. Soc. Chang Hung Ta, 1998. "Theaceae of London. China". Science Press. Beijing. Chang Hung Ta, 1998. New species of Dr. Tran Ninh is a member ofthe Faculty of Camellia. International Camellia Journal Biology at Hanoi University ofScience. He 30: 80-81. was vice-chairman of the organizing Chang Hung Ta, 1999. New species of committee and chairman of the scientific Theaceae from tropical Asia. International committee ofthe First National Symposium Camellia Journal 31: 127-129. on Yellow Camellias of Viet Nam. He has Hien, N. H. 1994. The taxa of family been a frequent contributor of articles on Theaceae in the flora of Vietnam. Journ. new species for the Journal. 86 NEW REGISTRATIONS ~~f1f£f+!liG 'Y /~~~~ij{£fj NOUVEAUX ENREGISTREMENTS NEUE REGISTRIERUNGEN '"I As the International Registration 'Jack Jones Scented' Authority for Camellia, the International (c. japonica). Seedling originated in the Camellia Society maintains records of all UK by Dr. J. A. Smart, Marwood Hill, new cultivars registered or validly Devon, 1968. Introduced to trade by Mr. published in accordance with the the Jack Jones, Savannah, Georgia, USA. First " International Code of Nomenclature for flowered 1970, a spreading shrub of Cultivated Plants. Applications for medium growth rate. Blooms floriferously, Registration for the following camellias mid season, pale pink with deep pink have been received by Andrew Simons, . stripes (RHS Colour Chart 62D with International Registrar for Europe, and stripes 68A), cup-shaped semi-double been submitted for approval to Malcolm form 10 cm x 8 cm, strongly scented. Perry, the International Camellia Registrar. Spent blooms fall whole. (Applied for Registration April 2002). 'Agnes de Lestaridec' (C. reticulatalhybrid). OP Seedling of 'Ma Belle' reticulata hybrid 'Arbutus Gum' . (C.Hybrid). 'Bow Bells' x 'Dainty Originated in France by Grall Raymond, Maiden'. Originated in the UK by Dr. 1. A. Plougar. Introduced to the trade by S Smart, Marwood Hill, Devon. Introduced Guiavarch-Grall, Plougar, in 2000. First to trade by the originator in 1980. First flowered in 2001 at circa 5 years, flowered 1980 at circa 3 years, a bushy fastigiated shrub of medium growth rate. shrub of slow growth rate, with twisting 6 , Flowers floriferously mid season, red cm x 5 cm foliage. Flower buds deep pink. ~- (RHS Colour Chart 52A), loose informal Blooms very floriferously, mid season, -, double with 63-82 visible stamens, 7 cm x deep pink fading with age (RHS Colour 13 cm. (Appliedfor Registration 2002). Chart 57A fades to 62A), anemone form, with few visible stamens, 5 cm x 5 cm. 'Inopinata della Valcosa' Spent blooms fall whole. (Applied for (C. japonica). OP Seedling of 'Hagoromo' Registration April 2002). ('Magnoliaeflora'). Originated in Italy by Gaetano de Persiis, Altari. Introduced by 'Mervyn Newman' , the originator in 2001. First flowered in (C. japonica). OP seedling of 'George 2000 at circa 7 years, upright shrub of slow Orman' . Originated in the UK by Mrs. 1. A. growth rate. Flowers floriferously early Newman. First flowered 1995 at circa 14 season, white (light pink) with variable red years, a dense slightly pendulous shrub and pink speckling (RHS Colour Chart with rapid growth rate. Blooms mid 53C, 62A, 56B), semi-double with 29-41 season, white semi-double form 7 cm x 3 stamens, 4.5 cm x 10 cm. (Applied for cm. Spent blooms fall whole. (Applied for Registration 2002). Registration April 2000). ;,;,. 87 'Nicola Costaras' Introduced by the originators in 2000. (C japonica). OP seedling of 'Adelina First flowered in 2000 at circa 7 years, Patti'. Originated in the UK by Mrs. 1. A. upright - fastigiated shrub of medium Newman. First flowered 1996 at circa 15 growth rate. Flowers moderately mid-to years, a dense, bushy shrub with slow late season, white with red and pink shaded growth rate. Blooms mid-to-Iate season, margins (RHS Colour Chart 46D, - 52C), red semi-double to anemone form 7 cm x 3 loose peony form with few stamens to full cm. Spent blooms fall whole. (Applied for peony without visible stamens, 9 cm x 13 Registration April 2000). cm. (Appliedfor Registration 2000). 'Nicholas Costaras' 'Roscanvel' (C japonica). OP seedling of 'Adelina (C japonica). OP Seedling of 'Hinomaru'. Patti'. Originated in the UK by Mrs. 1. A. Originated in France by T. and A. Newman. First flowered 1997 at circa 15 Lemaitre, Carquefou. Introduced to trade years, an upright shrub with slow growth by the originators in 2000. First flowered rate. Blooms mid season, red (with in 2000 at circa 4 years, an upright shrub of occasional white flecking) peony form slow growth rate. Flowers moderately mid (informal double, without visible stamens) to-late season, white with red stripes, 7 cm x 3 em. Spent blooms fall whole. typically with one stripe darker red (Applied for Registration April 2000). (general stripes RHS Colour Chart 54C, darker stripe 46B), single, flat Higo type of 'Pastel Shades' diameter 8 cm, with 8 petals and 150 (Cjaponica). Seedling. Royal Hort stamens. Named derived from Brittany icultural Society Award of Merit (AM). village of Roscanvel. (Applied for Originated in the UK by Dr. J. A. Smart, Registration March 2002, by Mr. and Mrs. Marwood Hill, Devon. Introduced to trade A. Luc, Roscanvel, France). by the originator in 1985. First flowered 1985 at circa 2 years, an upright shrub of WANTED: medium growth rate. Flower buds deep Photographs of 'Principessa Clotilde pink. Blooms floriferously, mid season, Rose' and 'Principessa Clotilde Rubra'. deep pink on petal margins fading to light 'Principessa Clotilde Rose' was first pink at the petal base (RHS Colour Chart mentioned in "Tsubaki - A Propos de 58C shades to 62D), hose-in-hose semi Camellia" (Thoby et al., 1988) p.47 as double form, with a column of yellow being in the Jardin des Plantes de Nantes. stamens, 10 cm x 10 cm. Spent blooms fall 'Principessa Clotilde Rubra' was first whole. (Applied for Registration April listed in the William Bull Nursery 2002). Catalogue (U.K.) of 1867 as originated in Italy. 'Professor Klaus Peper' Ifanyone has a photo of either camellia, (C. japonica). OP Seedling (from please send it to Andrew Simons, Portuguese seed). Originated in Germany International Camellia Registrar for by G. Klosel, Hamburg. Previously Europe, Wingfield House, 11 Brinsmade published in Die Kamelie Internet Road, Ampthill, Beds. MK45 2PP, UK. Magazine, No 2, December 2000, p.33. 88 IN THE REGIONS ~JR~!U~TZ9J~ TOUR DES REGIONS IN DEN REGIONEN Our Internet address: www.camellia-ics.org Because of illness, Dr Klaus Peper has reluctantly given up the Internet page. Each region is now responsible for its own web page. AUSTRALIA The following report is by Waldemar Max Hansen, a director of the Germany/Austria Region- At the 2001 ICS Congress in California, I was asked whether I would give a paper at the 2002 Australian National Congress in Perth in August. It was a special meeting to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Australia Camellia Research Society. I thought long and hard, because I knew Perth and environs only from reports as a hot, dusty and dry place. What could there possibly be of interest for me? However, I was curious and agreed to go. I flew from Frankfurt via Singapore to Perth and arrived in Perth on 1 August 2002 at 00.50 hours. Esme Pashley, President of the Western Australia Camellia Society, and Roy Riddle sacrificed their night's sleep to collect me at the airport and deliver me to my hotel. \ In the afternoon I visited the 400-ha (988-acre) Kings Park in the west of the city with , Margaret and Peter Levick. It is a beautiful park with footpaths and botanical gardens. .-~ One can explore these alone or join guided tours. These are free of charge. In the morning I had already walked through the park on the south bank of the Swan River where casuarinas were in flower and a few groups of pelicans stood at the edges of small lakes. The welcoming dinner took place in the hotel that evening. I already knew some of the participants from international gatherings and so it did not feel strange. Australians have the knack of making one feel at ease and I relaxed very quickly. The next morning was my first trip into the countryside. But where were the dust, the drought, and the heat? I noticed none of them. We drove through beautiful, lush country with flowering acacias, erythrina caffra, melaleuca and leptospermum lining the roads. Our first destination was two gardens, which lie adjacent and are almost 7,000 sq m (1.7 acres) in size, with countless different flowers and plants - and last, but not least, 500 camellias and about 500 roses. David and Jean Evans created their gardens in a 60-year old olive plantation. Coffee, tea, and biscuits were offered by our hosts and were very welcome. We went on to the Aruelen Botanical Park through an area with pretty gardens, fruit plantations and lush meadows. Giant eucalyptus trees and ooh - this was where a bush fire must have raged. The trunks of the eucalyptus trees were all black. But how wrong I 89 was! The black bark is created completely by nature. The walk through the park was enjoyable and we saw many beautiful camellias. There was luxuriant growth everywhere. We were refreshed by a sumptuous barbeque and Roy Riddle offered us delicious Australian wines. This was our last stop of the day. We were shown a vast selection of camellias. I was very tempted to buy some. In the evening we had a small ICS meeting. The participants were Jane and Ross Hayter, Margaret and Peter Levick, Nance Swanson, Neville Haydon from New Zealand and me. The next morning, I strolled through Perth City. It's pleasant to amble through the streets, it's not hectic, there are good shops and frequent places to have a rest. The national camellia festival was opened in the afternoon with a flower show. Small but good! In the evening the national council of the ACRA met. The current president Bill Walker handed over his office to Rob Atkinson. I was very surprised when I was made honorary life member and felt extremely honoured. The following day, our first visit was to Bda Schorer's garden in Kalamunda. A beautiful garden in which, besides many beautiful camellias, there were many other interesting flowers, shrubs and trees. Unfortunately it rained. Peggie and Arthur Ellis were waiting for us at our next stop with drinks and cakes in their lovely garden. Lunch was at David Gliddon's garden. He has beautiful camellias and here I saw a gordonia in full flower. His neighbour, Judy Goldfinch, also showed us her garden. The highlight is a large chorisia (capok tree). One could almost be jealous of the verdant, beautiful gardens. But even here problems exist, particular in terms of watering in summer. In the evening the local camellia enthusiasts had invited the foreign guests to dinner. I was privileged to enjoy Esme and Joan Pashley's hospitality. The next morning, I delivered the first lecture, which was on old camellias in Europe. Subsequent talks were about plant diseases, preventative measures and insecticides/pesticides. In the evening a course for plant and flower judges, in conjunction with a good dinner, was organised in the Uniting Church Hall. Peter Levick, Bill Walker and Barry di Salvia explained to the judges what to look for and gave them other tips. The next day was the last of the festivities. Our first destination was Caversham Wildlife Park - a pleasant small park populated with local Australian animals. This was followed by a trip through a charming valley to Guildford for lunch in the oldest pub in Western Australia, "The Rose and Crown". I tried a locally brewed beer and Roy Riddle organised another wine tasting. In the afternoon we explored the small town, including an old prison, a small museum and a pottery. A grand dinner was served at the hotel in the evening, prizes for the beautiful blooms were awarded and the results were announced in the Council Meeting. I am happy to have made this trip. My view of Western Australia has changed completely. During the flight back home, I could see that the reports about vast arid areas were true after all. However, a trip to Perth in springtime is always worthwhile, if only for the beautiful lush landscape and the myriad of flowers. For information about events, contact Nance Swanson, 43 Wellington Road, East Lindfield, NSW 2070; tel: 61-2-9924-4843 or Peter Levick at [email protected] 90 CHINA The main buildings of the Cultural Park at Dahuang Hill in Jinhua City have been completed for the 2003 International Camellia Congress. These include an exhibition and -, meeting hall, and a place for camellia research and culture~ The area of the park is 36 hectares (89 acres) and therearerriany scenic spots. Pavilions, towers, lofts and garrets in rich southern Chinese style stand along a large artificial lake. There is even an amusement ...:.: spot with boats. All of the buildings, bridges, hills, lakes, streams and dikes in the garden have been named for camellias, and many of the carvings on the buildings relate to camellias. It was reported by vmious media in China that the park would be finished by the end of the year and ready for the Congress in March 2003. . .. Gao Jiyin, Professor, Fuyang Subtropical Forestry Research Institute ICS Secretary Mrs. Eve Murphy visited Jinhua, Wenzhou and the Zhoushan Islands in March to help with final planning for the 2003 Congress. On 4 March she visited Wenzhou, where the third regional camellia show was held 4-6 March 2002. The show was held in my camellia yard where there are 2,000 plants outdoors. Members brought in more than 800 of their best blooms (two blooms per variety per member). There were ""\ at least 200 varieties out of 500 in bloom. Awards went to 22 best blooms. We plan to have a fantastic show at the Shunsheng hotel where the 2003 Post-Congress Tour will be staying for one night in Wenzhou. . . . Tim T. Shao, China Region Membership Representative FRANCE Association Breizh Camellia & Plants de Terre de Bruyere gives the following dates for camellia shows in Brittany: 22-23 February -..:.... exposition de fleurs de Camellias at Gouesnach 15-16 March - exposition de fleurs de Camellias at Pont-Scorff .- ...\ For details contact Jean Tassin, La Tour, 29180 Guengat, tel: 33 (0)2-98 91 74 68 or (0)6-84 144858. For information on the ICS French Region, contact Dr. Max Hill, 30 Chemin du Bois, \ Chaperon, 91640 Briis-sous-Forges; tel: 33-(0)1-69 15 48 35; e-mail: [email protected] "I psudJr i GERMANY \ The Germany/Austria Region held its 2002 annual general meeting at the Wilhelma in _ •• L Stuttgart on 23 February. The summer palace of King Wilhelm of Wtirttemberg, complete with iron-framed greenhouses, was built in the Moorish style in Rosenstein Park in the 1840s. Wilhelm gave it the feminine name to signify that it was the housethat belonged to the King. Records show that the purchase of plants for the greenhouses began in the spring of 1845 with "200 particularly beautiful and large camellias of the rarest vmieties" from a Frankfurt baron at a price of about 2,000 guilders. King Wilhelm turned down the purchase ofthe baron's entire camellia collection for 8,000 guilders as "simply too large", because many plants, other than camellias, would have to be purchased for many thousands of guilders in order to fill the newly constructed greenhouses. 9\ · China: Eve Murphy visits Wenzhou camellia show wilh Tim Shao (to her left). Germany: Dr. Lo Kockel with the :'!lII...... ,O::::!IlI camellias at the Wilhelma (righl). H. Schon lag Germany: Exbition at Pillnitz easlle (left). G. Lang 92 Although there are some old camellias in one of the greenhouses, it is questionable that any date from 1845. Peter Fischer has identified some of the old varieties and provided .:..;,. some of the newer plantings. They are some of the healthiest, well-eared-for camellias we have ever seen. Of particular interest to us is one of the largest and apparently oldest, labelled 'Due de Devonshire'. Verschaffelt's 1851 "Nouvelle Iconographie des Camellias" has an illustration of it and says it is of English origin. We do not know of plants of it elsewhere - even Chatsworth, the Duke of Devonshire's estate, did not have it. Thanks to Max Hansen's arrangements with the Wilhelma's head gardener, Frau Dr. Lo Koekel, cuttings were sent to the Duke of Devonshire's head gardener, Ian Webster. At the meeting, Peter Fischer and Max Hansen reported on the First National Symposium on Yellow Camellias of Vietnam and its tours. See Max Hansen's report on page 26. . .. the editor 200 Years of Camellias in Saxony On the occasion of the 200th anniversary of camellia culture in Saxony, an exhibition took place 8-17 March in the historic palm house on the grounds of Pillnitz Castle, about 12 km (7.5 mi) east of Dresden, the capital of Saxony. It was organized by the former DresdenlPillnitz Society consisting of the Azerca Saxony (a horticultural society of 45 professional gardeners producing azaleas, ericas and camellias) supported by State Castles and Gardens Pillnitz, the Botanical Collection of the Technical University of Dresden, the county seat of Zuschendorf and the DKG, the 1 Germany camellia society. The exhibit was professionally presented with thousands of , perfect blossoms in full bloom. '1 The 200th anniversary dates from the planting of the Pillnitz Camellia outdoors in 1801 by Adolph Terscheck, the royal gardener. The camellia had been growing in a tub for some years before that (1997 Journal, p.22-25). Johann Heinrich Seidel, the previous royal gardener, had previously mentioned a camellia blooming near the .famous "Zwinger", the royal outer bailey of Dresden. In 1813, Seidel's sons were the first professional camellia specialists in Germany (1996 Journal, p. 100-113) and by 1831 Seidel camellias were exported on a large scale, especially to Russia. The original Seidel Camellias are now at Zuschendorf, under the care of the Technical University of Dresden. From 1945 to 1989, the big market gardens around Dresden and Leipzig were socialist cooperative business. After the political change in 1989, those that held onto, camellia production are doing well. In recent years, a renaissance of the camellia has been taking place in Saxony. ... Gisela Meissner, ICS and DKG member in Dresden '"I Editor's note: Ines Kasimir, ICS Membership Registrar designate, reports that during the major flooding of the river Elbe in the summer, the Pillnitz Camellia stood in water about 20 em (8 in) deep for a brief period without damage. For more information about Germany/Austria activities, contact Rolf Tiefenbach, Am Muehlenbach 12, D-277711 Osterholz-Scharmbeck, Germany; Tel:lFax: 49-4791-57669. 93 ITALY The joint efforts of the Societa Italiana della Camelia and nurseries of the Italian sub alpine lakes resulted in the great success of three winter camellia shows. Our objective was, and is, to present the miracle of winter camellias in bloom to flower enthusiasts. Actually, sasanquas and allied camellias, though enjoying growing popularity, are not really familiar to the public, and are believed to be difficult plants. On 9-10 November, the County of Gozzano (Lago d'Orta, near Lago Maggiore) organized a local show of collected flowers, including a few plants in bloom; we estimate about 300 visitors. On 28-30 November, we held the first winter camellia show in Milan, organized by the Societa Italiana della Camelia and the ICS Italy Region's membership representative, Mirella Gloria Motta, with the financial support of the Agency of Distretto dei Laghi ( the district of Lago Maggiore, Lago d'Orta, Lago di Mergozzo). The effort of nurseries was enthusiastic: some 1,000 plants, including those on sale, were transported to the show. The exhibition was set up to represent an ideal journey from winter to spring. Visitors entered the outdoor garden, where a set of small posters with Haiku poems about the contrast between winter and flowers led them through a garden of more than 60 varieties and species in pots. Indoors, there was an exhibition by jewelers from Valenza of jewels inspired by winter camellias. A gallery of posters gave an overview of the genus Camellia. Finally, the visitors entered the cloister where hundreds of winter camellias were on sale. The public preferred camellias with small leaves and good foliage 'Yueltide', 'Cleopatra', 'Kanjiro' and 'Cherilyn' - and large hybrid flowers, such as 'Dream Girl' and 'Shibori Egao'. During the inauguration ceremony, a new pure white, early sasanqua variety 'Principessa Borromeo', from Capecchi in Lucca, was dedicated to Principessa Bona Borromeo. Although the show took place during a disastrous flood in northern Italy, there were more than 3,000 visitors, including a delegation of the Swiss Camellia Society and some Japanese residents of Milan, who were charmed to see their "Sazankas". And we received wide coverage in the media. Finally, on 7-8 December, we had a show in Orta, a wonderful baroque town on a peninsula on Lago d'Orta, facing the Island of San Giulio with its ancient monastery and basilica. The show was organized by a consortium of nurseries in the Lago Maggiore area. The camellias were arranged in the halls of Palazzo Ubertini, a perfectly preserved aristocratic palace, and the show was inaugurated by the consul general of Japan. Of the 1,000 visitors, 350 went to the garden of Villa. Motta, where we showed the cultivation of our sasanquas and other species, such as C.oleifera, C.caudata and Tutcheria 'virgata. In 2003, we are considering staging the Milan show jointly with a large plant exhibition on 16 October to exploit the earlier flowering sasanquas. The Orta show will move to Stresa. Also, we are considering going south - Naples and Rome have the perfect climate for tender winter camellias. Finally, we are discussing with the County of Orta the creation of a garden of winter camellias. The Societa Italiana della Camelia has given a plant of'Principessa Borromeo' to start the collection. We hope the garden will be planted by the 2005 Congress in Locarno. . .. Gianmario Motta, Vice-chairman, Societa Italiana della Camelia 94 Italy: New white sasanqua Principessll Borromeo. Franco Giorgetta (honor committee Chairman) presents Principessa Borrollleo with camellia named in her honor at Milan show as Mirella Gloria Motta looks on. Visitors at Gna discuss the show bench (left). 95 Camellia Shows in March and April 2003 28 February 1-2 March - Mostra della camelia in Campania, Caserta. Information: Pro Loco Caserta, Palazzo Reale Caserta, teVfax 39-(0)823 322081. 1-2 March - Mostra della camelia in Liguria, Genoa Pegli. Information: Riccardo Albericci, tel/fax 39-(0)10 6982865, e-mail: [email protected] or [email protected] 8-9, 15-16,22-23 March - Antiche Camelie della Lucchesi (Old Camellias of the Lucchesi), Lucca. Information: Nike Servizi Lucca, Corte Frediani 1,5510 Lucca, tel/fax 39-(0)583 55 505, e-mail: [email protected] 15-16 March - Festa delle Camelie at Velletri (Rome). Information: segreteria CUV (Consorzio Universitario Velletri), tel 39-(0)6-9631384 or Ufficio Promozione Comune di Velletri, sig.ra Carla Pagliei, tel 39-(0)6-9632478 or 96158251, fax (0)6-6781556. 15-16 March - Mostra della Camelia a Firenze (Florence), Information: Garden Club Firenze, A.G.I, Piazza San Firenze 2, 50122 Firenze, tel and fax 39-(0)55-282245 (hours: 10:30-12:30) 15-16 March - Mostra 'Le giornate delle camelie" at Casalzuigno. Information:FAI - Ufficio Proprieta e Manifestazioni - Grazia Romanati, tel 39-02-46761582, fax 39-02 48193631, e-mail: [email protected] 22-23 March - Camelliae in mostra at Cannero Riviera (VB). Information: Ufficio Thristico 39-(0)323 788943. 22-23 March - Mostra della camelia at Biella. Information: Garden Club di Biella, via Addis Abeba 14, 112051 Biella, teI30-(0)15-8491314 23 March - Mostra della Camelie at Parco Nord, Milano. 29-30 March - Mostra Nazionale della Camelia a Verbania. Information: Comune di Verbania - Ufficio Thrismo, Corso Zanitello, 6/8, 28922 Verbania, tel 39-(0)323-503249, fax (0)323-507722, e-mail: [email protected] 5-6 April - Mostra della Camelia at Gozzano. Information: Comune di Gozzano (Novara), Assessorato al turismo, via Danbte, 85-28024 Gozzano, tel 39-(0)322-955676, fax (0)322-917110, e-mail: [email protected] 6 April - Mostra della Camelia at Travedona. Information: Tiziano Genoni, via Matteotti 93, 21028 Travedona (VA), tel 39-(0)332-977228 19-21 April - Mostra delle Camelie at Gravedona.· Information: Proloco di Gravedona or Sig. Arturo Spolini, via Regina Levante 18,22015 Gravedona (CO), tel 39 (0)344-85126 For more information about the Italy Region contact Mirella Gloria Motta, via Boccaccio 4, 1-20123 Milano, e-mail: [email protected] JAPAN Major camellia activities for 2003 which the Japan Camellia Society is interested in are scheduled as follows: 16 February - The Early Blooming Camellia Show will be held by the Kobe Camellia Society at Park Center, Kobe City. 20-24 February - The 13th Camellia Bonsai Show by the Kita-Kyushu Branch of the Japan Camellia Society will be held at the Synthetic Agriculture Center of Kita-Kyushu 96 City. 23 February-2 March - The Higo Camellia Bonsai Show will be held by the Higo Camellia Society at the site of the annual plant market on the riverbank of the Shirakawa River in Kumamoto City. 28 February-2 March The Spring Camellia Show will be held jointly by the Kurume Branch and the Chikushi Branch of the Japan Camellia Society at Ishibashi Memorial Hall in Kurume City. 6-9 March More than 50 members of the Japan Camellia Society are participating the ICS Jinhua Congress and are looking forward to visiting many interesting places in China with camellia friends from all over the world. 1·10 March - The Camellia Show of Meijo Tsubaki-no-kai will be held at Nagoya Castle in Nagoya City. 14-16 March - The Camellia Show by Kasugai Tsubaki Aik6kai will be held at the Municipal Tree-planting Botanical Garden of Kasugai City. 18-19 March "Tsubaki Summit", the annual camellia convention cosponsored by the Japan Camellia Society and one of local communities in Japan which designate the I'"' camellia as its symbol flower, will be in Hagi City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, this year. This prefecture is located at the southernmost part of Honshu Island, and Hagi City is situated on the coast of the Japan Sea. Hagi City is proud of having a famous camellia mountain, called Kasayama, where about 25,000 wild japonicas are preserved in 10 hectares (25 -; acres) of land (1999 Journal, pA8-5l). The convention includes the ceremony, lectures, a social, a camellia show, garden visits, etc. 18·23 March - The Annual Camellia Show of the Nagoya Camellia Society will be held at the Higashiyama Botanical Garden of Nagoya City. 29-30 March The Spring Camellia Show of the Kobe Camellia Society will be held at Park Center, Kobe City. Mid April - Kodomp-no-kuni Camellia Festival will be held in Kodomo-no-kuni (Children Park) in Yokohama City. c", For more information contact Shigeo Matsumoto, 1-7-26 Takasu-higashi, Wakakatsu ku, Kita-Kyushu, 808-0144 Japan; e-mail: [email protected] SWITZERLAND 26·30 March - Festa delle Camelie at Locarno. For information: Ente Turistico Lago Maggiore, tel: 41-91-7910091, fax: 41-91-7851941, e-mail: [email protected] For the proposed schedule for the Internation Camellia Congress in March 2005 at Locarno see p.20. For additional informatioon, contact Claudia Respini, via Verbano 24, CH-6648 Minusio, e-mail: [email protected] UNITED KINGDOM Major events in 2003 in which the UK Region will be involved: 4-5 March - Early Camellia Competition, Royal Horticultural Society, Vincent Square, London. 29 March - HantslDorset Group garden visit to Burley, the New Forest. Information: Jill Totty, Hyde House, Hyde, Fordingbridge, Hants. SP6 2QH, tel: 44-(0)1425-657-339, 97 fax: 44-(0)1425-657-595; e-mail: [email protected] 27·30 March - Spring Weekend in South Wales including 'Adelina Patti' Camellia Day at Craig-y-Nos Castle, Brecon, which was the home of the famous opera singer of the late l800s. Charles Puddle, ICS Patron, will make presentations of the camellia named for her. Information: Pat Short, 41 Galveston Road, London SW15 2RZ; tel: 44 (0)20-8870-6884, fax: 44-(0)20-8874-4633, e-mail:[email protected] 5 April - HantslDorset Group garden visit to Hilfield Friary and Frankham Farm, Ryme Intrinsica. Information: Jill Totty, as above. 5·6 April - Camellia Competition at Bocconoc, Cornwall Garden Society. Information: Eric Taylor, 8 Cresford Roard, London SW6 2AN, tel: 44-(0)20-7731-1239. e-mail: [email protected] 6 April - Camellia Celebration and Competition at Borde Hill Garden, Balcombe Road, Haywards Heath, Sussex RH16 2XP, tel: 44-(0)1444-450 326 11·13 April- RHS Main Camellia Competition in Bournemouth. Information: RHS Shows Dept., tel: 44-(0)20-7630-7422. 9·12 October - Autumn Weekend in Northumberland (in conjunction with RHS Rhododendron, Camellia & Magnolia Group). Information: Pat Short, as above. In 2002, the Spring Weekend was in Brittany, France, arranged by Jeannette Bleaney. A highlight of the many garden and nursery visits was Domaine de Trevarez. For many members, it was the first time Trevarez has been visited since the Post Congress Tour of the 1995 International Camellia Congress in the Channel Islands. The camellias have grown tremendously. A garden is being developed there as a memorial to longtime ICS member, the late Paul Bleaney. Our group presented Jeannette with a contribution for purchasing additional camellias for the collection. This year we co-sponsored, for the first time, a camellia competition with Borde Hill Garden, Sussex, where the famous C.X williamsii 'Donation' was raised. It was a successful event and will be repeated in 2003 (see above). Also for the first time, we had a stand at the annual Cornwall Garden Society Show. The show was visited by the Queen as part of the celebration of her jubilee tour of the British Isles. For more information about 2003 events where contacts are not listed: Keith Sprague, membership representative, 329 London Road, St. Albans, Herts. ALl lDZ, tel: 44 (0)1727-825-908; fax: 44-(0)1727-828-840. 98 TREASURER'S REPORT ON THE 2001 ACCOUNTS NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS ~' 1. The accounts are reported in £ sterling. The only money held other than in sterling is in Australian currency. On conversion rates at 31 December 2001 there is an unrealised loss of £589 on those funds, which has not been taken into account. 2. A fixed term deposit of £22,295 does not mature until 30 June 2002. Interest accrued to December 2001, £557 has not been taken into account. 3. To preserve the present Receipts and payments format of the Accounts while incorpo rating receipts and payments relating to year 2001, the period covered is from 1 May 2001 to 30 april 2002. 4. Subscriptions have been received from all Regions except the Channel Islands. 5. Unsold stocks of Registers are 173, and Supplements 458. These have a total cost price of £1,3805. In accordance with past practice, these stocks have not been valued in the Balance Sheet. 6. Interest earned has been apportioned between the individual Designated Funds and Available Funds. 99 RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS SUMMARY 2001 2000 Operating Income £ £ Net Subscriptions previous years 718 664 Net Subscriptions current year 10,207 10,752 Transfer from Life Membership Fund 289 270 Advertising 120 232 Donations 44 21 Journal sales 27 Interest 198 489 11,603 12,428 Operating Expenditure Journal Printing 11,351 8,975 Journal Freight 2,006 1,203 1999 Membership Lists 198 Administration and Sundry 35 123 13,590 10,301 Operating surplus (deficit) (1,987) 2,127 Designated Funds and Provisions Income Register and Supplement sales 1,218 1,137 Register Fund Interest 396 513 Otomo Endowment Research Fund donations 742 1,529 Otomo Fund Interest 379 366 Life Membership subscriptions 495 303 Life Membership Interest 164 244 Subscriptions paid in advance 3,118 3,390 6,512 7,482 Designated Funds and Provisions Expenditure Grant from Otomo Endowment Research Fund 637 Transfer from Life Membership Fund 289 270 Transfer from Subscriptions in advance 3,390 1,043 3,679 1,950 Surplus on movements in Designated Funds and Provisions 2,833 5,532 Total Cash increase for Year 846 7,659 100 BALANCE SHEET 2001 2000 £ £ Assets Computer Equipment 2,860 2,860 Fully depreciated 2,860 2,860 Current Bank accounts 6,878 6,919 Deposit Bank accounts 32,243 31,356 39,121 38,275 .~ Liabilities are Nil. The above assets are distributed as follows: Advauce Receipts Subscriptions paid in advance 3,118 3,390 Designated Funds Register Fund 13,629 12,015 Life Membership Fund 5,497 5,127 Otomo Endowment Research Fund 12,478 11,357 31,604 28,499 \ -1 Available Funds Opening balance 6,386 7,259 Operating surplus (deficit) (1,987) 2,127 Transfer to Otomo Fund (3,000) Closing balance 4,399 6,386 Total ICS Funds 39,121 38,275 in my opinion these Accounts present a true and fair view of the financial position of the '-I Society as at 30 April 2002. J.A. Rodgers Hon. Auditor 7 June 2002 101 I.C.S. MEMBERSHIP ICS Members' Subscription Rates current in 2002 and Membership Representatives to whom yearly subscriptions should be paid promptly every January are listed below. Calculation of Subscription Rates for Life Membership (in the case of Double Life Membership, the age of the younger of the two members should be used): Less than 50 years of age, 30 times the annual subscription rate. Between 50 and 65 years of age, 20 times the annual subscription rate. More than 65 years of age, 15 times the annual subscription rate. AFRICA (R60, Double R70) Keith Kirsten, Keith Kirsten Horticultural International, P.O. Box 1458, Fourways 2055 Gauteng, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected] AUSTRALIA ($19, Double $24) Miss N J Swanson, 43 Wellington Road, East Lindfield, NSW 2070. BENELUX (€ 15.50, Double € 18) Marc De Coninck, Place St. Sebastien 28, B-1420 Braine L' Alleud, Belgium.* E-mail: [email protected] CHANNEL ISLANDS & OTHER REGIONS (£10.50, Double £13) Mrs. Ann Bushell, Les Quatre Vents, Becquet Road, St. Peter Port, Guernsey, GYI 2TH. until 2003 Directors' Meeting. Nominated as replacement: Maxine Fergusson, Brookvale, Rue du Pont, St. John, Jersey JE3 4FF.* E-mail: [email protected] CHINA (RMB 150) Tim Taizong Shao, Cambridge Forest Newtown 2727, Hunan Road, 847, Shanghai 201315. E-mail: [email protected] FRANCE (€ 15.50, Double € 18) Max Hill, 30 Chemin du Bois Chaperon, 91640 Briis sous-Forges. E-mail: [email protected] GERMANY/AUSTRIA (€ 15.50, Double € 18) Rolf Tiefenbach, Am Muhlenbach 12, 27711 Osterholz-Scharmbeck. ITALY (€ 15.50, Double € 18) Arch. Mirella Gloria Motta,Via Boccaccio 4, 20123 Milano. E-mail: [email protected] JAPAN & OTHER ASIAN REGIONS (¥2400, Double ¥3300) Junichiro Amako 2-5 9-203 Tanihara, Nerima-ku, 177-0032 Tokyo, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] NEW ZEALAND ($24.50, Double $28) Ron Macdonald, Westwyn, 44Kelland Road, Waipipi, 3 R D Waiuku. PORTUGAL (€ 15.50, Double € 18) Senhora Maria Augusta d' Alpuim, Estrada Exterior da Circunvala~ao, l4262-BI, C-4", Dt"-4450 Malosinhos. 102 SPAIN (€ 15.50, Double € 18) Prof. Dr. D. Jose Luis Perez-Cirera Lopez-Nino, Facu1tad de Bio10gia (Botanica), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, 15706 Santiago de Compostela. E-mail:[email protected] SWITZERLAND (CHF27, Double CHF33) Signora Claudia Respini, Via Verbano 24, CH-6648 Minusio. E-mail: [email protected] UNITED KINGDOM (£10.50, Double £13) Keith Sprague, 329 London Road, St. Albans, Herts. ALI 1DZ. UNITED STATES ($17, Double $20) Morris I Waller, 417 Elkins Lake, Huntsville, TX 77430. E-mail: [email protected] *to be confirmed at Board of Directors meeting, Jinhua City, China, March 2003 We report with sorrow the deaths of the following members: Australia Japan BEATTIE, Sir Alexander FUKUMITSU, Dr. Ieyoshi CRAIG, Eric OOTA, Katsusuke HINCKLEY, Dr. B.M. TSUYAMA, Dr. Takashi MOYES, Dr. J. Murray The Netherlands PORTER,Mr. KRANEN,G. Channel Islands New Zealand ALLEZ, Mrs. M.R. (Jersey) MACDONALD, Mrs. Pat COX, Mrs. D.M. (Jersey) United Kingdom MACKlNNON, Mrs. D.S. (Jersey) SMART, Dr. lA. MILES, Mrs. C.Z.H. (Jersey) SIMPSON, Mr. (Isle of Man) France TOOBY, H. John ROSMANN, Jean-Claude WELCH, Mr. C. United States MAYFlELD, Douglas F. We remember with gratitude their contribution to the fellowship of our Society. New Members (Information received too late for inclusion DEN HOLLANDER, Mrs. K., 58 in 2002 Membership Booklet) Wollaroy Road, Woollahra, NSW 2025 DI SALVIA, Mr. & Mrs. B., 61 Twynam AUSTRALIA Street, Narrandera, NSW 2700 AZALEA GLEN, Darkwood Road, Thora, DONOHOE, Mrs. J., 5 Undo1a Road, NSW 2454 Helensburgh, NSW 2506 BUTLER, Mr. & Mrs., P,O, Box 1753, . EATON, Mrs. E. w., 10 Cecil Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Gordon, NSW 2072 CAITHNESS, Ms. E., 33 Godwin Place, FORREST-WINCHESTER, Dr. A., & Pelican Waters, QLD 4551 Mrs. Linda CARRINGTON, 73 Stanley 103 Terrace, Taringa, QLD 4068 CAMELLIA KWEKERIJ G. VAN FULTON, Mrs. J., 3 Lyons Street, RYSSEGHEM, Stationstraat 94, B-9080 Rosedale, VIC 3847 Lochristi GAINGER, Mrs. A., 13 Georges Road, CAPRON, Mr. Jean-Philippe, Chaussee de The Patch, VIC 3792 la Grande Espinette 173b, B-I640 Rhode HEARTS CONTENT Horticultural St. Genese Services PIL, Unit 8, 147 Lower DEJAEGER, Mr. & Mevr. Willy, Hofvan't Heidelberg Road, East Ivanhoe, VIC 3079 Henneken 90, B-8800 Roeselare LIDDLE, Mrs. H., 11 Evershed Street, DEKONINCK, Mr. & Mevr. Rene, Myaree, WA Garnaalstraat 7, B-8820 Torhout LIDDLE, Mr. K. v., 11 Evershed Street, Wijnendale Myaree, WA DELIERE, Mr. & Mme. Jules, Rue des McCALL, Mr. & Mrs. 1, P.O. Box 316, Eaux Chaudes 23, B-7331 Baudour Essendon, VIC 3040 FOUARGE, Docteur Jean-Louis, Avenue OKE, Mr. G., & Ms. R. BRYCE, 13 Montgolfier 7, B-1150 Bruxelles Dalwah Streeet, Bomaderry, NSW 2541 GARDEN CENTRE COQUETTE, Avenue PHILLIPS, Mrs. G., 14 Delphine Avenue, de la Foret de Soignes 353, B-1640 Rhode Dianella, WA 6059 St. Genese POWELL, Mr. & Mrs. 1,45 The Ridge, GROUSET-SCHMIT, Mr. & Mme. Hubert, Helensburgh, NSW 2508 Clos du Moulin Linard 9, B-1440 PRENTICE, Mr. N., 10 Diosha Drive, Wauthier-Braine Glen Waverley, VIC 3150 HIMARAS, Mr. George, avo Emile Duray RYAN, Mr. & Mrs. P., 1009 Greenwell Pt, 52, B-1050 Bruxelles Road, Pyree, NSW 2540 KRUIDTUIN STAD LEUVEN, SALTMARSH, Mr. & Mrs. N., 22 Princess Kapucijnvoer 30, B-3000 Leuven Street, Warragul, VIC 3820 LARMUSEAU, Mr. Mark, STOTSCHEK, Mr. & Mrs. 1, 3 Hibiscus Molenhoekstraat 15, B-9820 Merelbeke Court, Stretton, QLD 4116 PEPINIERES BAMBOUDUBOIS, Rue THIRLWELL, Mr. R., 9/32 Alfred Streeet, Hubert Bayet 113, B-6180 Courcelles Ramsgate, NSW 2217 PEPINIERES PENNINCKX, Boulevard VAN DAM, Mr. & Mrs. 1, 'Tamol', 799 d' Arenberg 33, B-7580 Enghien Wattamolla Avenue, Berry, NSW 2535 PROVINCIAAL DOMEIN BOKRIJK, VENWORTH, Mr. & Mrs. D., 16 Groendienst, B-3600 Genk Leichardt Street, St James, WA 6102 SCHOEFS, Mr. Valere, Kiezelstraat 18, B VIRGONA, Mr. & Mrs. J., 92 Newman 3500Hasselt Avenue, Camp Hill, QLD 4152 THIERS, Mr. Geert, Bloemenlei 10, B WOODLANDS, Mrs. E. F., Three Bears 2130 Brasschaat Nursery, 72 Castle Hill Rd., West Pennant VAN LOON, Mr. Roger, Grotlei 2, B-2930 Hills; NSW 2120 Brasschaat VANDOOREN, Dokter Jacques, BENELUX (Belgium) Leuvensebaan 786, B-3300 Tienen ASSCHERICKX, Mr. Arthur, Zandstraat VAN MEULDER, Mr. Jozef, Stationstraat 122, B-3550 Heusden-Zolder 81A, B-3530 Houthalen BERTIN, Docteur & Mme Frederic, Rue Gatti de Gamond 193, B-1180 Bruxelles 104 The Netherlands MESCH, Mr. & Mrs. John, Anneville BOLHOEVE, Mevr. G.J.c., Spanker 36, Lodge, Le Mont des Landes, St. Martin, 1231TD Loosdrecht Jersey, JE3 6DJ HOEKSTRA, Mr. & Mevr., Zaandstraat 2, PALLOT, Mrs. Jenny, La Tourelle, La Rue 5242GR Rosmalen d' Ava1, St. Martin, Jersey, JE3 6ER KIK, K.A., & KIK-DUYS M.L., TRANSFIELD, Mrs. Julia, Le Biset, La Rederijkersstraat 21, 3842JR Harderwijk Grande Route des Sablons, Grouville, MANSCHOT, Mr. Bastiaan Johannes, Jersey, JE3 9FE Grote Plaat 41, 3891ZA Zeewolde OVERWIJK, Mevr. Inneke, CHINA ~I Oldemarktseweg 165, 8341SE CHEN, Huandao, 16-401 Nanmen Steenwijkerswold Newcun, Xingchang, Zhejiang 3125000 PLANTENKWEKERIJ DE GROENE GONG, Xingguo, 1 Dui, Yangmiao, Lingqi PRINS, Kwikkels 3, 8341SK Town, Qong1ai, Sichuan 611500 Steenwijkerswo1d HE, Gengling, 3-2-401 Yuanding Cun, PLANTENKWEKERIJ P.J. KORT Jinhua, Zhejiang 321001 MANN, Biezen 82, 2771SB Boskoop HOU, Shuangshuen, 8-1-102 Xianyunyali, PRINS, Marianne, Deurloostraat, 106 huis, Tanshan, Hebei 063000 1076JJ Amsterdam HU, Wenbiao, Lutian Cun, Shuanlong REBEL-de BRIES, Mevr. H.A., Park, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321023 Dreyenseweg 23, 6861WK Oosterbeek HU, Xianzhi, Forestry Institute of TRAAS, Prof. Dr. Louw & Mevr., Fuoshan, Nanhai, Guangdong 528222 Schapendrift 63, 1261HM B1aricum HUANG, Weihong, Herb Collect. of VAN AUBEL, Dokter & Mevr. OJ.G.M., Jiangxi, Nanchuang, Jiangxi 330103 Leeuwenhoeklaan 418, 4708BE LI, Chenghua, B-204 Zhengdao Apt., Roosendaal Railway Station, Wenzhou, Zhejiang VANVLIET, Tineke, & HEINICKE, Wim, 325000 Wilgenhove 16, 2295RA Kwintsheu1 LI, Chong1ing, B-204 Zhengdao Apt., VAN ZOOMEREN BV, Mr. & Mevr. P.G., Railway Station, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Rijshornstraat 155, 1435HH Rysenhout 325000 VELZEBOER, Mevr. T, & van DIJK, Mr. LI, Jiapong, High School of Gaopu, Dapu, P, Oud Loosdrechtsedijk 64, 1231NB Guangdong 514247 '-: Loosdrecht LI, Yongda, 10-18 Wu10ng Road, Camellia VISSERS, Mr. Hans, Griend 38-22, Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325015 8225TS Lelystad LI, Zhibang, 208-18 Wu10ng Road, Camellia Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang CHANNEL ISLANDS 325000 CHESHIRE, Lady, Government House, St. LIU, Zhengjian, 7 Zhuo, Jingguo, Taiqing Saviour's. Hill, Jersey, JE2 7GH Town, Pengzhou, Sichuan 611900 CLAPHAM, Mr. & Mrs. Michael, Les LOU, Huaqian, 16-103 CaiheNewcun, Raisies, Rue des Raises, St. Martin, Jersey, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016 JE36AT . LUO, Ms. Dexian, Fuoshan Forestry Farm, LE RUEZ, Mr. Lawrence Henry, Fairfield, Danyang, Hubei 444105 "'. Petite Rue d'Elysee, St. Peter, Jersey, JE3 OU, Yongsen, Ouya Nursery, Xingming 7DU Cun, Furong Town, Guangzhou, 105 Guandong 510800 LEACH, M. David, Lamaurie, 16100 St. SU, Junshan, Detian Nursery, Brice Mudangjiang, Heilongjiang 157009 LUC, M. & Mme. Andre, 15 route de Lez, TAN, Yongjun, B-103, Hengli Tower, 1 29570 Roscanvel Hualonggan, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000 ROUSSET, M. & Mme Jacques, 1, avenue WENG, Ms. Yuexia, P.O. Box 3-403, Pierre Grenier, 78220 Viroflay Subtropical Forestry Institute, Fuyang, SOUCAIL, Mme. Martine, 55 avenue de la Zhejiang 311400 Bourdonnais, 75007 Paris WU, Xianyao, 66 Shanjing Road, Danchen VACHER, M. Bernard, 11 Les Dunands, Town, Xianshan, Zhejiang 315700 89150 Jouy YING, Zhenqian, Central Hospital of VISSER, Mevr. Helena, La Roche sin, Shongyuan, Jiling 131100 24390 Badefols d' Ans [NL] ZHAO, Shikai, Fuoshan Forestry Farm, Danyang, Hubei 444105 GERMANY ZHOU, Kaiyuan, Jiner Cun, Baidu Town, CHAMIER, Gunther, Reinkingstr. 42, D Fenghua, Zhejiang 315558 22391 Hamburg ZHOU, Shenyong, 21-1-1-12, Wenger KALBLING-SCHIMPITZ, Ingeborg, A, Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012 Stifter-Str. 101, D-70437 Stuttgart PLAMBECK, Stefan, Brockeswalder Weg FRANCE 24, D-27476, Cuxhaven ADAM, M. Jean, 15 Square de Vaucluse, SCHULTZE-HEUBACH, Susanne & 78310 (Maurepas) Joachim, Schlossweg 8, D-26655 BALLIVET, M. & Mme. Claude, 14 rue Westerstede Saint Paul, 92200 Neuilly-sur-Seine SCHULZ, Reinhold, Poststr. 18, D-48734 BERBERIAN, Mme. Gilberte, Kermorvan, Reken 29570 Roscanvel SCHULZE, Gerd, Zum Heidebuckel 24, BERNARD, M. Christian, 31 rue Monge, D-60529 Frankfurt 87000 Limoges STEIL, Parin, Am Hamphorn 4, D-14469 CARLO BENTEGEAT, Mme. Marguerite, Potsdam 1 rue St. Fiacre, 35380 Plelan Le Grand Von CREYTZ, Marion, Jorn-Eilert-Weg 1, GALLESIO, Alban, Le Zorn-Le Fret, D-26160 Bad Zwischenahn 29160 Crozon [UK] GOARANT, M. Jacques, Earl de Coat-Pin, ITALY 29233 Cleder BOSCHIERO, Giancarlo & Corrado, Via HUDO, M. Partice & Mme. Nicole, 14 Missori 8, 1-20052 Monza (MI) Boulevard Clemenceau, 22000 St. Brieuc CAPRA, Margherita, Via Sempione 28, 1 LABORATOIRE D'ECOLOGIE 28041 Arona (NO) Systematique et Evolution, Bat. 362 GIAVARINI, Vasco, Via E.Porro 23, 1 Universite de Paris Sud, 91405 Orsay 43036 Fidenza (PR) Cedex GIOVINE, Roberto, Via Regione Bose 2, 1 LECLERC, M. Andre & Mme. Jacqueline, 10010 Chiaverano (TO) 95 avenue du Colonel Fabien, 93230 GIULIANI, Gianpaolo, Via Dante Romainville Alighieri 110, 1-48022 Lugo (RA) LE MOAL, M. & Mme. Francois, 37 rue MAGNI, Catherine Van D' Argent, 29100 Douamenez MANZONI, Daniela, Viale regina 106 Giovanna 36, 1-20129 Milano GONCALVES, Mr. & Mrs. Eduardo Jose, MORI, Luisa, Via S.Anna 3-La Foce, 1 Quinta de Linhares, Monte Cordova, 4780 19100 La Spezia SantoTirso OREGLIA D'ISOLA , conte arch. Ajmaro HUHNERJAGER, Helene & Gunther, e contessa Consolata, Via Sacchi 22, 1 Casa dos Oliveiros, Vale Corvo, 7630 Sao 10128 Torino Luis [D] PADERNI, Giovanni, Via Stretta 3, 1 LEITE, Mr. & Mrs. Jose Costa, Avenida 10 25064 Gussago Dezembro 82, 4590-505 Pacos de Ferreira RATTI, Luigi e signora, Via St. Spadoni LENCASTRE, Mr. Nuno da Saavedra, 14,1-28811 Arizzano (VB) Praca Mouzinho Albuquerque 139-60 Esq., TERRANOVA, Egregio signor Luigi, Via 4100-360 Porto " a. Cossa 29, 1-20138 Milano [CH] MAGALHAES, Mr. Jose Fernandes, Lugar TERZAGHI, Emilio, Via pa 3, 1-21028 da Filalva 47, 4780 Santo Tirso Travedona Monate (VA) MARQUES, Mr. Antonio Jose, Paco de Ancariz, Santo Estevao de Penso, 4700 JAPAN Braga AKEMI, Mrs. Yoko, 53-40 Kanami, OLAZOBOL y ALBUQUERQUE, Mr. Anamizu, Fugeshigun, Ishikawa 927-0223 Jose Joaquim, Casa da Insua, Rua Antonio KONOMI, Mr. Masahiro, 1250 Ninagawa, Cardosa 427-habA1, 4150-082 Porto Ohashi-cho, Kurumeshi, Fukuoka-ken, PALHA, Mr. & Mrs. Jose Carlos, Rua 8390381 Quinta Chas, Resid. 218-C-41, MIYAZAKI Tsubaki Association, 7275-1 (Afurada) Vila Nova da Gaia Oaza Kaeda, Miyazaki-shi, Miyazaki-ken, SEARA CARDOSO, Ms. Maria Joao, Rue 889-2161 de Salazares 690,4100-442 Porto SUGIURA, Mr. Shuichi, 44 Nahiro, Anjo SILVA, Mr. & Mrs. Manuel Ferreira da, cho, Anjo-shi, Aichi-ken, 446-0026 Rua do Campo Alegre 492-40 Esq., 4150 YOKO, Mrs. Akemi, 53-40 Konami, Ikeda 170 Porto cho, Nakagawa-gun, Ishikawa-ken, 927 SOUSA CARDOSO, Mr. & Mrs. 0223 Francisco Jose, Casa da Compra-Manhufe, 4605 Vila Mea NEW ZEALAND TAVARES, Mr. Antonio Jose Leal, Rua da SOLE, Mr. J., 1521 Main South Road, Uveiras 36, 4590-555 Pacos de Ferreira R.DA, New Plymouth UVA, Mr. & Mrs. Joao Sousa, Rua Rodrigo Reine16-40, 1400 Lisboa PORTUGAL VASCONCELOS e LENCASTRE, Mr. ALVES, Mr. Jose Augusto Ferreira, Rua Lo Antonio de Queiros, Praca Texeira Lopes Ferreira 82, 4450-360 Porto 64,4150-727 Porto ANDRESEN, Ms. Joana Sepulveda Lencastre, Praca Mouzinho de SPAIN Albuquerque 139-60 Dto, 4100-360 Porto ARAN FONTEROSA, Srta. Dna. Ana, BARROS, Mr. Jose<; Fernando, Rua Jorge Sierra 32-1°C, 36002 Pontevedra Peixinho 21, 4465 Leca do Balio GARCIA VAZQUEZ, Sr. D.Antonio, Rua FARIA, Ms. Emilia Maria Tavora, Rua Lisboa 3-3°A, 15703 Santiago de Visconde das Devesas 834 hab. 22, 4400 Compostela, La Coruna 338 Vila Novea de Gaia IGLESIAS CASTRO, Sra. Dna. Rosa, 107 Montero Rios 18-2oA, 36201 Vigo, Street, London SElO 8SR Pontevedra DIXON, T. G., Swallowdale, Woodgreen, ORTIZ de URBINA UCHOA, Mlle. Maria Fordingbridge, Hants SP6 2QX Luisa, 31800 Alsasue, Navarra [F] DUCHY of CORNWALL NURSERY, PEREZ MACINEIRA, Sr. D. Enrique, Cott Road, Lostwithiel, Cornwall PL22 Cabo Santiago Gomez 8-7oE, 15004 La OHW Coruna EARLE, Mrs. J. M., Frankham Farm, VILLAVERDE CASTRO, Sra. Dna. Ryme Intrinseca, Sherborne, Dorset DT9 Isabel, Rozadela 1, San Mamede de 6JT Ribadulla , 15885 Vedra, La Coruna EDWARDS, N., Cross Gate, Shute Hill, Bishopsteignton, Teignmouth TQ14 9QL SWITZERLAND FRAZER, M. G., 8 Richmond Avenue, ALBERTI, Egregio signor Dr. Giorgio, c.p. Bexhill-on-Sea, East Sussex TN39 3EG 445-Via Francesca 4, CH Muralto GATES, Mr. & Mrs. Martin, 12 Marlborough Road, Chandlers Ford, UNITED KINGDOM Eastleigh S053 5DH AYRES, Mrs. M. G., Pare Owles, 1 GILL, Mrs. V. A., Travelec, Lesnewth, Trewartha Road, Praa Sands, Penzance, Boscastle, Cornwall PL35 OHR Cornwall TR20 9ST HELDMAN, B. E, 19 Hevinson Place, BATES, Mrs. Heather, 140 Mortlake Road, Hampton Dene, Hereford HRI 1UF Kew Gardens, Surrey, TW9 4EW HEWETT, Miss Emma, 19 Hillyglen BONFIELD, C. L., & BRITTON, S., 13 Close, Hastings, East Sussex TN34 lXV Greta House, 60 Hardy Road, Blackheath, HUGHES, Mr. L. & Mrs. M., 46Eushy London SE3 7PA Mill Lane, Watford, Herts WD24 7QR BOOTH-JONES, D. C., Cragford, Sennen LODER PLANTS, Market Garden, Cyder Penzance, Cornwall TR19 7BD Farm, Lower Beeding, Horsham BRANDWOOD, John, The Cottage, RH13 6PP Priory Close, Penwortham, Preston, Lanes. MAKEPEACE, Mrs. u., Pegasus Cottage, PRI0BB Fore Street, Beer near Seaton, Devon BUCKNELL, Mr. & Mrs. P., Botallick, EX123EH Lanreath, Looe, Cornwall PLl3 2PF McDOUGALL, J., Westerley, CARTER, Roy W, Blue Cedar, Fambridge Battisborough Cross, Holbeton, S. Devon Road, North Fambridge, Chelmsford, PL8IJT Essex CM3 6NB MORGAN, Mrs. Ruth, Crow Meadow, Fan CHITTOCK, 8., 20 The Causeway, Road, Saundersfoot, Pembs. SA69 9LU Falmouth, Cornwall TR114AA MUSSELL, L., 15 Grantley Road, CONDLIFFE, 1. S., Inow House, Port Guildford, Surrey GU2 8BW Navas, Falmouth, Cornwall TRII 5RQ RAWLING, John A., The Spinney, Station CRAWFORD, Mrs. Veronica, Little Bam, Road, Woldingham, Surrey CR3 7DD Woodgreen, Fordingbridge, Hants SP6 ROBINSON, Mr. M. S., Edge Barton 2QX Manor, Branscombe, DevonEX12 3BN DENOON, Ian & Jeane, The Campbell ROBSON, Mrs. Beryl, Little Beside House, Cat Lane, Bilbrough, York Y023 House, St Day, Cornwall TR16 5PX 3PN SIMPSON, Mr. & Mrs. M., 48 Hamoaze DENYER, Mr. R. & Mrs. S., 66 Brand Road, Torpoint, Cornwall PLll 2EF 108 STRANGER-JONES, Mrs. K., 33 Washington, D.C., 20007 Randolph Crescent, London W9 IDP MEEK, Ken & Marilyn, 230 Sir Oliver TIBBETTS, Mr. B. N., 171 Hainault Road, Norfolk, VA 23505 Avenue, Gifford Park, Milton Keynes, MIMS, Richard C. & Katherine, 409 "" MK145PR Groves Street, Lugoff, SC 29078-9343 VINCENT, S.S.F., Brother, The Friary, NEWSOME, John T., 2405 Howell Mill Hilfield, Dorchester, Dorset DT2 7BE Road NW, Atlanta, GA 30318 WALKER, G. F., The Oaklands, Rudge, OLSEN, Mr. Gabriel & Mrs. Blanche, Pattingham, Wolverhampton WV6 7EB 6806 Kitty Hawk Drive, Pensacola, FL WALL, Viola J. R., The Haven, Porthpean 32506-5633 Village, St Austell, Cornwall PL26 6AY OZIER, Mildred, 3791 Summer Lane, WHITE, Miss E. M., 12 Coolhurst Road, Huntsville, TX 77340 London N8 8EL POWERS, Thomas & Lou, 234 Braxlo WHORWOOD, Mrs. A. G., The Garth, Lane,Wilmington, NC 2849 Ashwood Road, Woking, Surrey GU22 RASKA, Joseph & Joanne, 3617 Royal 7JN . Fern Circle, DeLand, FL 32724 RHODES, Mr. Howard & Mrs. Mary U., UNITED STATES 7611 Buck Lake Road, Tallahassee, FL ALLEN, Sharon & Cris, 7137 Quail Ridge, 32311-9593 Ft. Worth, TX 76132 RITTER, Charles & Beverly, 202 Mason ANDREWS, Mrs. Bertha G., 1276 Susan Road, Melrose, FL 32666 Way, Sunnyvale, CA 95818 SHEETS, David & Anna, 1002 Stanton ASBILL, Ronald, 2724 16th Street, Drive, No. Augusta, SC 29841 Sacramento, CA 95818 STALLINGS, Melvin C., 633 Norcova BENNETT'S CREEK Wholesale Nursery, Drive, Chesapeake, VA 23320 3613 Bridge Road, Suffolk, VA 23435 SUTHERLAND, Mrs. Carol L., 1135 1801 Cambridge, Norvolk, VA 32508-1221 CALLAWAY, 3505 Georgia Highway 116, WANG, John, 11 Easton Court, Orinda, Hamilton, GA 31811-6045 CA 94563 ..,:. CAMPBELL, James Green, 16068 WATSON, Ray & Cindy, 805 Oakbury Riverside Drive, Covington, LA 74035 CT., Greensboro, NC 27455 7823 WHITEHEAD, Dr. Mark & Mrs. CAPE FEAR Botanical Gardens, P.O. Box Kathleen, P.O. Box 413, Highlands, NC 53485, Fayetteville, NC 28305-3485 28741-0413 ERNST, Bob & Sunny, P.O. Box 300, WOLFE, Lt.Cdr. Ronald & Mrs. Elizabeth, Huntsville, TX 77342-0300 1300 5th Avenue, Albany, GA 31707 HARDY, John T., Jr., 122 Myrtle St., Fayetteville, NC 28305-4827 VIETNAM HOLLAR, Dr. & Mrs. James C., Jr., 2239 CHU, Van Cuong, National Park of Tam Lometa Dr., York, SC 29745 Dao, Km 13, Xa Hi Son, Huyen Tam McDAVIT, William & Mary, 674 Sunset Duong, Tinh Vinh Phuc [F] Lakes Blvd., Sunset Beach, NC 28468 DO, M. Dinh Tien, Director, National Park McKINNON, Murray & Ann, P.O.Box 91, of Tam Dao, Km 13, Xa Ho Son, Huyen .~ Murells Inlet, SC 29576 Tam Duong, Tinh Vinh Phuc [F] McLEMORE, Ms. Nina, 3017 Dent Place, 109 2002 I.C.S Membership LIFE ANNUAL TOTAL Single Double Single Double Argentina 1 1 Australia 8 1 85 41 177 Austria 1 1 3 Benelux\! 24 19 62 Canada 1 1 Channel Is1ands\2 15 5 63 28 144 China 3 144 147 Denmark 1 1 France\3 47 21 89 Germany\4 1 93 60 214 India 1 1 Ireland 3 3 Italy\5 1 35 12 60 Japan 10 2 110 1 126 Korea 2 4 6 New Zealand 4 36 25 90 Panama 2 2 Portugal 29 33 95 Slovenia 1 1 South Africa\6 9 2 3 2 20 Spain 1 29 2 34 Swaziland 1 1 Switzerland\7 18 21 60 United Kingdom\8 7 4 191 81 368 United States\9 6 2 122 97 326 Vietnam 3 3 Zimbabwe(2000) 1 1 3 Total 70 18 1045 444 2039 Notes 1) Excludes member registered from France (1). 2) Excludes members registered from Denmark (1), France (1), Ireland (1), UK (1). 3) Excludes members registered from Belgium (1), Netherlands(1), Vietnam (3). 4) Excludes members registered from Austria (3), France (1), Portugal (1), Slovenia (1), Switzerland (1). 5) Excludes member registered from Switzerland (1). 6) Excludes members registered from Swaziland (2), Zimbabwe (3). 7) Excludes member registered from Italy (1). 8) Excludes members registered from France (2), India (1), Ireland (2). 9) Excludes members registered from Argentina (1), Canada (1), Korea (6), Switzerland (1). 110 Member: 'ICS 'ACS • Soc. Italiana INAZAWA Delta Camellia 'ACRS NURSERIES OF JAPAN • CA Camellia Growers ofthe Rare Japanese Camellia Societies Don't miss these two NEW INTRODUCTIONS for 2001-2002: C. azalea 'KAGIROHI' Dark green, shining This yellolV formal double leaves cOlltrast beallt;· hybrid, prof/m.:ed by crossing fully IVith bright red 'Si/ver Chalice'w;tlr C. Ilitidiss;ma, flowers, blooms nearly every mOIlIh. is the deepest yellow. V CAMELLIA PETROTIE V CAMELLIA FLAVA Mid-size gorgeous yellow 8-fold cmnellia of Vie~1am Mid-size pure yellow 8-fold camellia from Vietnam. vKIHO vCAMELLIA AMPLEXECAUL S Middle-size gorgeous yellow hybrid of Chrysantha Large-size gorgeous red thousand-fold wilh onefold tubular l1ower. (millenary fold) camellia of Vietnam. WRITE FOR FREE CATALOGUE: INAZAWA NURSERIES Co., Ltd. P. O. Box 7, INAZAWAo Aichi Pref., JAPAN· Tel: 81-587-36-1101 ° Fax: 81-587-36-1102 KAMELIEN ~ KULTUREN Pe~scher Camellia Nursery And International Camellia Garden of Excellence PFischer Haden 16 21789 Wingst E-mail: [email protected] homepage http://www.kamelie.de Tel: (49) 04778/263 Fax: (49) 047781274 Tuesday-Closed-All Year December-Closed on Weekends III CCiO'S. U !Ufsenes 3555 Chaney Trail Altadena, CA.91001 Write for free catalogue Listing Over 600 Camellias And 400 Azaleas We Enjoy Having Visitors - Stop In Closed on Wednesday and Thursday all year; Closed Sundays, June through December Hours - 8.00 to 4.30 (626) 794 - 3383 You are always welcome to Kurume City, the home town of Donckelaeri One of three old "Masayoshi' trees growing in Kusano-cho, Kurume City, one of which is considered to be the mother tree of Donckelaeri brought in to Europe by Philip Franz von Siebold in 1834. Grower of various camellias and omamental trees AKASHI GREEN 1479-2 Yoshiki, Kusano-cho, Kurume City, 839-0836 Japan TEL 0942-47-0592, FAX 0942-47-3491, E-mail: [email protected] 112 HAUTE COUTURE WITH CAMELLIAS Bertie Bear loves his camellia fleece gilet almost as much as we do! It's just one of a section of camellia-decorated merchandise now available from the U.K. Region. The "International Camellia Society" surrounds a brilliant red bloom of 'Garnet Gleam,' adapted from a photograph by ICS New Zealand director Vonnie Cave. The embroidery makes an attractive and effective display on the deep colours of sweatshirts, polo shirts, and fleece gilets whether you are treating yourself or buying gifts for others. And the neckties, which come in navy blue, bottle green, and burgundy, feature the official rcs logo, with 'Mrs. D.W. Davis' embroidery. There will be a limited selection of items available for purchase at the 2003 ICS Congress in Jinhua City, China, in March. Special Congress prices apply: sweatshirts 20, polo shirts 19, and gilets 25; all plus postage and packaging. Neckties are 7.50. For special purchases - for example, bulk orders for neckties (6 each for 10 or more) to use in fund raising sales in your own region - please contact the U.K. Region to arrange collection at the Congress. Contact details: Pat Short, at fax +44- 20- 8874 4633 or e-mail: [email protected] .:\ lLD }97 On the Back Cover: Probably the largest yellow camellia that has been found. This as yet-unnamed species was discovered in the Tam Dao mountains in Vietnam. It is about tive 8cm (3 in) in diameter. For more about the camellias of Vietnam see pages 26-31 and - 1996 80-85. .m always making such :s much easier. :came an ICS Vice President in President in 1998. She travelled aising and discussing ICS matters Lrious regions, always with y and tact. Her love of China and I regard in which the local ----~. ~nt officials of Jinhua held her ~ the first ICS Congress in China ~nificant. contribution to community can only be described as huge of the Anglican Young Wives ~retary and life member of the Camera Club, secretary of the Country Women's Institute, of the Waiuku College Parent \.ssociation and chairperson of the :ollege Board of Governors. survived by her husband, son daughter Wendy and grand Billie. ill indeed be very sadly missed by lose who had the privilege of this warm, enthusiastic outgoing ho loved people and plants. the obituary by Eve Murphy, ICS " from Pat Macdonald's funeral rfoly Trinity Church, Waiuku, 16 1. Tributes begin on page 14. photo courtesy of Kateigaho